Annulares Nov. Gen. (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Palparini) Including Two New Species, with Comments on the Tribe Palparini1

Denisia 13 | 17.09.2004 | 201-208

Antlions of southern Africa: Annulares nov. gen. (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Palparini) including two new species, with comments on the tribe Palparini1

M.W. MANSELL

Abstract: A new genus and two new species of Palparini are described from southern Africa. - Three endemic species comprise the genus. They extend from western Namibia across the southern Kalahari region of Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, eastwards into the sandy areas of the northern Kruger National Park of South Africa. A five-toothed larva is known for one of the species, and the genus is further characterized by a prominent black stripe across the head and thorax, uniformly dark legs, clavate labial palpi with a slit-shaped sensory organ and a prominent gonarcal bulla in the males.

Key words: Myrmeleontidae, Palparini, new genus, new species, larvae, southern Africa.

Introduction ca. The central area of this distribution, the Kalahari savannah of Namibia, South Africa and Botswana is inha- Southern Africa harbours the world's richest fauna of bited by P. annuiatus, while the other two species occupy Palparini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), with at least the western and eastern extremes of the distribution ran- 43 species in 8 genera, as well as several new and end- ge of the genus. The larva of P. annuiatus is known, and emic taxa. The generic placement of most Afrotropical is described here. species is largely unresolved, as the largest genus, Palpa- res RAMBUR 1842, comprises a polyphyletic assemblage of The contribution is concluded with a consideration taxa (MANSELL 1992a). A revision of the tribe is conse- of the tribe Palparini, and an evaluation of the status of quently in progress, and this paper highlights an enigma- the Palparinae. tic new genus comprising three species from the subre- Material examined is in the following institutions: gion. South African National Collection of Insects, ARC- Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria (SANC), MANSELL (1992a) identified key characters for the accession code NEUR; Transvaal Museum, Pretoria phytogeny and classification of the Palparini, and divi- (TMSA), accession code NEUT; Zoological Institute, ded the tribe into species-groups according to these cha- Lund University, Sweden (ZILS), accession code ZILS; racters. The groups were intended as tentative genera ai- Zoological Museum, Humboldt University, Berlin, Ger- med at resolving the confusion surrounding the genus many (ZMHB). Palpares. Subsequent research has confirmed the generic status of these species-groups, and three, Pamares MAN- Abbreviations: T = tergite, Ta = tarsomeres. SELL, Pamexis HAGEN and Palparettus NAVÄS (nyassanus- group sensu MANSELL 1992a) have been revised (MAN- SELL 1990, 1992b, 1996). The current paper treats the 1 This paper presents an opportunity to pay tribute to Univ.-Prof. Dr. species in the annulatus-group, as delimited by MANSELL Horst Aspöck, University of Vienna, on the occasion of his 65* birthday. (1992a). Prof. Aspöck has made an outstanding contribution to Neuropterology, and can justifiably be regarded as one of the most eminent neuropterists The new genus, described below, comprises three spe- of all time. He has also advanced the exploration and documentation of the rich southern Africa fauna through collaboration, publications and cies, Palpares annuiatus STITZ 1912, and two new taxa. joint expeditions with Prof. Dr. Ulrike Aspöck, Prof. Herbert Hölzel, The three species occur where deep sandy areas are pre- Prof. Dr. Peter Duelli, the late Dr. Peter Ohm and the present author. valent and extend from the Namib Desert of western Na- This paper and a striking new palparine species are consequently cordi- ally dedicated to Prof. Horst Aspöck in recognition of his personal and mibia, through the southern Kalahari and into the sand- scientific achievements, and for the inspiration he has provided over ma- veld of the northern Kruger National Park of South Afri- ny years.

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Fig. 2: Annulares aspoecki, holotype (forewing length 45 mm).

Genus Annulares nov. gen. Fig. 1: Annulares annulatus(\wee RivierenJ (forewing length 45 mm). Type species: Pcdpares annulatus STITZ 1912; 108, hereby desi- gnated. Etymology: A combination of the specific epithet annulatus, the name of the type species, and Palpares. Gender: masculine.

Diagnosis: Medium-sized nocturnal Palparini with robust heads and smallish eyes. Terminal labial palpome- res clavate, with a short slit-shaped opening to the sense organ. Body yellow and black with prominent median stripe across head and thorax. Legs uniformly dark-brown to black. Wings narrow; thorax with sparse pilosity. The known larvae have five-toothed mandibles. This is a group of closely related species that inhabit sandy areas of Botswana, Namibia and South Africa.

Description: Size (mm). Body length male 48.0-70.0, female 36.0-47.0; forewing length male 34-0-47.0, fema-

Fig. 3: Annulares lanner, paratype female (forewing length 52 mm). le 42.0-50.0; hind wing length male 39.0-45.0, female 41.0-47.0; antenna 5.0-8.0. Head: Vertex inflated; yellow with black median stripe over vertex and occiput; frons black, clypeus and labrum yellow, palpi yellow and brown to black; terminal labial palpi clavate with short tip and slit-shaped opening to sensory organ; antennae uniformly dark-brown to black. Thorax: Pronotum yellow with broad median black stripe, lateral margins black; long white setae present on anterior margin, black along posterior margin and laterally. Mesothorax yellow with broad black median stripe; pleuntes and sternites uniformly black; soft white setae present dorsally and ventrally. Metathorax colour similar to mesothorax, scutellum yellow with very broad r r Fig. 4. La ,3 o* A ."j cres or"-j ;PP K y P'P' black median mark.

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Fig. 5-10: Annulores onnulotus. 5, male terminalia, lateral; 6, same ventral; 7, gonarcus and parameres, dorsal, 8, same caudal, 9, same lateral; 10, left labial palp. Scale bars = 1 mm (Fig. 5, 6), 0.5 mm (Fig. 7-10).

Wings: Long, narrow, hyaline with blackish-brown narcal bulla is more prominently developed than in Pal- markings. Forewings with four diffuse transverse bands, par ellus. penultimate apical band hook-shaped. Hind wings with four bands or spots, a large basal spot situated close to re- Annuiares annulatus (STITZ) nov. comb. (Fig. current vein. 1,4,5-10,23)

Legs: Uniformly dark-brown to black, slender, lon- Pdpares annulatus STITZ 1912: 108. Diagnosis: A distinctly yellowish species, with pro- gish, extending almost to posterior margin of T3, spurs minent brown markings on the wings and body. Wing and claws dark reddish-brown, Ta5 approximately same veins mainly yellow. Penultimate band in forewings dis- length of Tal-Ta4 combined. tinctly hook-shaped. Labial palpi short, slender with Abdomen: Black laterally and ventrally, broadly yel- short slit-shaped sensory opening. Larva with five man- low along dorsal midline. Male abdomen long, longer dibular teeth. than wings, ectoprocts yellow to black, gonarcal bulla Redescription: Size (mm). Length of body male 51.6 large, rounded, parameres prominent, shiny-black. (48.0-58.0), female 41.7 (36.0-48.0); forewing length Larvae: Known larvae with five mandibular teeth. male 43.7 (41.0-46.0), female 47.7 (44-0-55.0); hind wing length male 41.3 (37.0-44.0), female 46.6 (43.0- Remarks: Annuiares is most similar to Palparellus NA- 53.0); antenna 6.6 (5.0-8.0) (n = 20). VÄS, but is clearly distinguished by the median black stripe over the head and thorax, the prominently inflated Head: Vertex inflated, yellow with black median stri- vertex and smaller eyes than Palparellus. The labial palpi pe over vertex and occiput; frons black, clypeus and la- have a slit-like sensory opening on the palpimacula and brum yellow, palpi yellow ventrally, brown dorsally, ter- the palpi are clavate with short acute tip (spindle-shaped minal labial palpi (Fig. 10) short, clavate with short tip in Palparellus with round or oval sense organ). The male and small slit-shaped opening to sensory organ; antennae abdomen is relatively long in Annuiares, while the go- uniformly black.

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Fig. 11-16: Annulores ospoecki. 11, male terminalia, lateral; 12, same ventral; 13, gonarcus and parameres, dorsal, 14, same caudal, 15, same lateral; 16, left labial palp. Scale bars = 1 mm (Fig. 11, 12), 0.5 mm (Fig. 13-16).

Thorax: Pronotum yellow with broad median black Distribution: Endemic to the Kalahari savannah of stripe, lateral margins black; long white setae present on Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, extending from anterior margin, black along posterior margin and la- southeastern Namibia, across southern Botswana and terally. Mesothorax yellow with broad black median stri- northern South Africa to Langjan Nature Reserve in pe, pleurites and stemites uniformly black; sparse long Limpopo Province. It is common in the Kalahari Gems- white setae present dorsally and ventrally. Metathorax si- bok National Park. milar to mesothorax, scutellum yellow with very broad Larva: Characterised by five mandibular teeth, white black median mark. body, with red on head, thorax and abdomen and promi- Wings: Long, narrow, hyaline with brown markings, nent brown marks along abdomen. darker in hind wings. Forewings with four diffuse trans- Size (mm): Body length (including mandibles) first verse bands, penultimate apical band distinctly hook- instar 12.5 (12.0-13.0), second instar 17.2 (16.0-19.0), shaped. Hind wings with four prominent bands or spots, third instar 23.2 (20.0-27.0); body width first instar 3.7 a large basal spot situated close to recurrent vein. (3.5-40), second instar 5.4. (5.2-5.6), third instar 5.6 Legs: Uniformly dark-brown, paler at joints, slender, (4-8-6.0); head width first instar 1.5 (1.4-1-5), second in- longish, extending almost to posterior margin of T3, star 2.2 (2.0-2.4), third instar 3.5 (3.3-3.7); head length spurs and claws dark reddish-brown, Ta5 approximately (excluding mandibles) first instar 1.9 (1.8-1.9), second same length of Tal-Ta4 combined. instar 2.8 (2.6-3.1), third instar 4-3 (3.9-4-6); mandible length first instar 2.6 (2.5-2.7), second instar 3.5 (3.3- Abdomen: Black laterally and ventrally, broadly yel- 3.7), third instar 5.1 (4.7-5.5). low along dorsal midline. Male abdomen long, longer than wings, ectoprocts yellow, gonarcal bulla large, roun- Head: Mandibles dark-brown, with five teeth, basal ded, parameres prominent, shiny-black. three teeth short, penultimate tooth long, distal tooth

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Fig. 17-22: Annulares lanner. 17, male terminalia, lateral; 18, same ventral; 19, gonarcus and parameres, dorsal, 20, same caudal, 21, same lateral; 22, left labial palp. Scale bars = 1 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 0.5 mm (Fig. 19-22). slightly shorter. Head rectangular, pale with broad red hough they lie just below the surface in wait for prey. The area dorsally. Fringe of white setae present on anterior dorsal surface of the head and thorax is red, perfectly margin of clypeus. Eyes on prominent tubercules, with matching the red sand of the Kalahari dunes (Fig. 4). six facets. Lateral surfaces of head with longitudinal Many palparine larvae, including A. annulatus are white, brown stripe, ventral surface of head uniformly pale. with some disruptive brown markings on the dorsal surface. The white body is doubtless an adaptation to radia- Thorax: Prothorax pale dorsally with broad reddish te heat thereby enabling the larva to tolerate surface median stripe, flanked by longitudinal brown stripes. An- terior margin with fringe of pale setae. Mesothorax broa- temperatures more effectively. The increased number of der than prothorax, pale with reddish on dorsum; lateral teeth also appears to be an adaptation in these ambush margins with long pale setae. Metathorax similar but wi- predators that lie just below the surface. An increased der. number of teeth enhance the efficacy of the mandibles to secure fast-moving prey. Abdomen: Tapered, pale with red areas centrally on dorsum and a prominent brown mark on either side of Type material examined: Holotype 9, Botswana, labelled: midline on segments 1-5. A prominent curved stripe al- "Betschuanaland Prot., x.04, L. Schultze S (ZMHB). so present laterally on segments 1-5; segments 6-8 pale; Additional material examined: South Africa, Northern Cape segment 8 with a pair of blade-like digging appendages Province: 19, Aoub-Nossob Junction, 26.26S 2O.38E, 15.iv.1939, G. Van Son (NEUTO2O3O); 4ccr, Mata Mata, 25.47S present in second and third instars; posterior margins of 20.00E, 16.ii.1961, L. Vari (NEUT00518); 2aa, 499, Twee Ri- 6-8 also armed with short black spines. Ventral surface of vieren Camp, 26.28S 2O.37E, ll.ii.1958, G. Van Son abdomen, and legs pale. (NEUTOO521); 19, same locality but 22.ii.1959, B. Brain Biology: Larvae inhabit loose dune sand near vegeta- (NEUT00519); 19, same locality but 15.ii.1961, L. Vari tion. They are present near the surface in the early mor- (NEUTOO515) (all TMSA); la, 19, same locality but ning and late afternoon, but are difficult to detect alt- 28-1.1969, J. Snelling (NEUR03016); 19, same locality but

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Annulares aspoecki nov. spec. (Fig. 2. 11-16, 23) Etymology: This species is named for my esteemed friend and collea- gue, Univ.-Prof. Dr Horst Aspöck on the occasion of his 65th birthday and in recognition of his fundamen- tal contribution to neuropterology.

Diagnosis: Characterised by the broad median stripe over the head and thorax, dark blackish-brown wing markings, but especially by the extraordinarily long abdomen in the male (Fig. 2). Description: Size (mm). Body length male 64.3 (45.0-70.0), female 43.3 (39.0-47.0); forewing length male 42.9 (34.0-47.0), female 45.8 (42.0-50.0); hind wing length male 40.9 (30.0-45.0), female 43.5 (41.0- 47.0); antenna 6.9 (5.0-8.0) (n = 14). ^ r r - !-- Head: Yellow, black median stripe Fig. 23: Recorded distributions of: Annulares aspoecki (squares); A annulatus (triangles); A /onner (circle). over vertex and occiput, frons black, clypeus and labrum yellow, O2.ii.1972, M.W. Mansell (NEURO31O5); la, 29 9,same loca- palpi black, labial palpi with slit-shaped opening on pal- lity but 25x1989, M.W. Mansell (NEURO5745); Icy, 2 9 9, sa- pimacula (Fig. 16); antennae black. me locality but 2O.iii.1982, J.G. H. Londt (NEURO34O1); 4aa, Thorax: Pronotum yellow with broad median black 59 9, same locality but 09.iv.1988, C.H. Scholtz stripe, lateral margins black, long white setae present on (NEUR00906); 1 9, Leeudril, 26.23S 2O.42E, O5.ii.197O, H.D. anterior margin, black along posterior margin and la- Brown (NEURO31O7); 12aa, 299, Nossob Camp, 25.25S terally. Mesothorax yellow with broad black median stri- 20.36E, 1 l.ii.1972, M.W. Mansell (NEURO31O2); Icy, 1 9, same pe, pleurites and sternites black, long recumbent soft locality but 22.xii.1982, M.W. Mansell (NEUR03104); Icy, white setae present dorsally and ventrally. Metathorax si- 3 9 9, same locality but 14.ii.1988, L.R. Minter (NEUROO967); > > milar to mesothorax, scutellum yellow with very broad 3o O , same locality but 27.iii.199O, J. Klimaszewski black median mark and velvety-orange band anteriorly. (NEUR03119); la, Rooiputs, 26.19S 20.43E, 26.i.l989, M.W. Mansell, C.H. Scholtz (NEUR03108); la, 3 9 9. Kwang, Wings: Long, narrow, hyaline with dark blackish- 25.17S 2O.33E, 23x1990, C.H. Scholtz (NEUR03118); 49 9, brown markings. Forewings with four disrupted transver- Haagners Loop, 25.26S 20.38E, 25.1.1990, C.H. Scholtz se bands, penultimate apical band hook-shaped, posterior (NEUR03117); la, 1 9, Bitterpan, 25.43S 2O.24E, C.H. Scholtz margin hyaline with narrow longitudinal band offset (NEUR03116) (all SANC), all the above localities are in the Ka- from margin. Hind wings with four bands or spots, a lar- lahari Gemsbok National Park. 1 9, Boegoeberg, 28.59S 22.1 IE, ge basal spot situated close to recurrent vein, hind mar- 21.ii.1961, L. Vari (NEUTOO517); la, 2 9 9, Vanzylsrus, 26.52S gin with brown maculae. 22.O3E, L. Vari (NEUT0O516) (TMSA); 2 9 9, same locality but 12.ii.1988, M.W. Mansell (NEUROO947); la, 19, Boshof Legs: Slender, longish, extending almost to posterior Farm, 27.14S 22.27E, 28.xii.1989, H. & U. Aspöck, M.W. Man- margin of T3, spurs and claws dark reddish-brown, Ta5 sell (NEUR01388); 19, Molopo Motel, 26.56S 20.39E, approximately same length of Tal-Ta4 combined. 25.x. 1990, J.H. Hoffmann, V.C. Moran (NEURO573O). Limpopo Abdomen: Black laterally and ventrally, broadly yel- Province; 19. Langjan Nature Reserve, 22.52S 29.14E, low along dorsal midline. Male abdomen (Fig. 2) extre- 02.ii.1984, M.W. Mansell (NEUROO222); 1 9, same locality but mely long, markedly longer than wings, T9 dark-brown, 12.iii.1990, CD. Eardley (NEUR01646) (all SANC). Namibia: ectoprocts dark yellowish-brown, gonarcal bulla large, 19, Duineveld, 24.35S 18.50E, 21.ii.1957, TM Expedition rounded. (NEUTO0520) (TMSA). Botswana: 1 9, Middelputs, 26.40S 21.53E, 19.ii.1991, P. Forchhammer (NEUR05644); la, Tshane Distribution: Western regions of Namibia and South 30 km S, 24.2OS 21.56E, 02.iii.1991, P. Forchhammer Africa, extending from the Kuiseb River in Namibia to (NEURO5667) (all SANC). the Northern Cape Province of South Africa.

Biology: A putative larva (not reared) was collected (but these marks much paler and more diffuse than in eit- from under vegetation on dunes near Gobabeb. This lar- her A. annukitus or A. aspoecki), posterior margin lacking va also had five teeth. Adults have mainly been collec- a narrow longitudinal band. Hind wings with four bands ted at light, but two specimens were flushed from Stipa- or spots, a large basal spot situated close to recurrent grostis spinosa in the bed of the Kuiseb River near Gob- vein, hind margin with brown streaks. abeb. Legs: Slender, extending to about middle of T3, spurs Type material examined: Namibia: Holorype C, Gobabeb, and claws dark reddish-brown, Ta5 approximately same 23.34S 15.O3E, 18.ii.19S3, M.W. Mansell, (NEUR00049). Pa- length of Tal-Ta4 combined, short white setae and lon- ratypes, lcr, 2 9 9, Homeb Dunes near Gobabeb, ger black spines also present on legs. 23.38S15.O9E, 03.ii.1983, M.W. Mansell (NEUR06046); 2o-o-, 19, Kuiseb River 8 km W Gobabeb, 23.24S 15.O3E, Abdomen: Black laterally and ventrally, broadly yel- 20.iii.1983, CD. Eardley, R.G. Oberprieler (NEUR06047); low along dorsal midline. Male abdomen longer than 19, Narra Valley near Gobabeb, 23.34S 15.O3E, 18.ii.1988, wings, ectoprocts dark brown, gonarcal bulla large, roun- L.R. Minter (NEUR06045) (all SANC); lcr, Rooibank, 23.1OS ded. 14.38E, 12.iii.1953, F. Gaerdes (ZILS00096) (Z1LS) (all the ab- Distribution: Known only from one locality to the ove localities are in the Namib/Naukluft National Park). 1 9, north of the Levuvhu River above Lanner Gorge in the Satco Farm, 27.55S 18.43E, 25.ii.1988, M.W. Mansell Kruger National Park of South Africa. (NEUR01106); 1 9, Holoog, 27.24S 17.57E, O7.iii.1972, H.D. Brown (NEURO3115); lc, Orange River at Dreigatsberg, Biology: The only two know specimens were attrac- 28.06S 16.52E, C.H. Scholtz, K. Philips, 27.iii.2OOO ted to light in a sparsely wooded sandy area. (NEUR03803); Icrcr, Die Duine, 25.14S 16.04E, 29.X.2OOO, V. Remarks: Annulares lanner is similar to both A. an- Grebennikov, M.W. Mansell (NEURO3817). SOUTH AFRI- CA, Northern Cape Province: 10", Oudebaaskraal Farm, 32.24S nulatus and A. aspoecki in general appearance and wing 19.54E, 22.ii.2OOl, M.W. Mansell, H. Hölzel, P. Duelli, H & U. markings, but may easily be separated from both by the Aspöck (NEUR06048) (all SANC). much lighter and diffuse appearance of these markings. The labial palpi of A. lanner are also much longer and ha- Annulares lanner nov. spec. ve a longer palpimacula and sensory slit than either A. (Fig. 3, 17-22, 23) annulatus or A. aspoecki, and the male genitalia are larger Etymology: This species is named from the lanner and more robust than in either of these two species. It falcon, Falco biarmicus, a bird of prey from which the ty- further separated from A. annulatus by the brown ecto- pe locality in the northern Kruger National Park derives procts and from A. aspoecki by the much shorter male ab- its name. The species name is a noun in the nominative domen. singular standing in apposition to the generic name. Type material examined: South Africa, Limpopo Province, Diagnosis: A large species with lightly marked wings Kruger National Park, C holotype, 9 paratype, Lanner Gorge, and long labial palpi with slit-shaped openings on the 22.21S 31.09E, 28.1.1984, M.W. Mansell (NEUR00263) palpimacula. (SANC).

Description: Size (mm).. Length of body male 63.0, Comment on the tribe Palparini female 48.0; length of forewing male 51.0, female 50.0; length of hind wing male 48.0, female 48.0; antenna 8.0 BANKS (1911) introduced the tribe Palparini in a key, (n = 2). within the subfamily Myrmeleontinae. He then elevated it to subfamily (BANKS 1927), and the sub-familial status Head: Yellow, broad black median stripe over vertex has been recognised by at least seven subsequent authors, and occiput, frons black, clypeus and labrum yellow, pal- listed by ASPÖCK et al. (2001). The distinction of the pi dark-brown, labial palpi with slit-shaped opening on Palparinae has been largely based on the separation of palpimacula (Fig. 22), antennae black. the posterior cubital and first anal veins of the forewing, Thorax: Pronotum yellow with broad median black a feature generally considered to be plesiomorphic (HÖL- stripe, lateral margins black, long white setae present on ZEL 1972). Only one contribution (STANCE & MILLER anterior margin, black along posterior margin and la- 1990) provided a clear autapomorphic feature (a pair of terally. Mesothorax yellow with broad black median stri- blade-like digging setae on the posterior margin of ster- pe, pleurites and sternites black with greyish pruinescen- nite 8) to substantiate the subfamily ranking, and to de- ce, sparse long recumbent white setae present dorsally monstrate its monophyly. These authors have also inclu- and ventrally. Metathorax similar to mesothorax, scutel- ded a paraphyletic array of tribes within the subfamily, an lum yellow with very broad black median mark and vel- arrangement not based on substantive characters. MARKL vety-orange band anteriorly. (1954) provided a list of characters that delimit the tribe Wings: Long, not markedly narrow, hyaline with dif- Palparini, and MANSELL (1992a) provided list of autapo- fuse pale brown markings. Forewings with four disrupted morphic features to characterise the tribe. One of these, transverse bands, penultimate apical band hook-shaped the recurrent vein in the hind wings (MANSELL 1990:

Fig. 43) is the main autapomorphic character that defi- MANSEU M.W. (1992a): Key characters in the phylogeny and clas- nes the tribe, but it is doubtful whether this feature is suf- sification of Palparini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Palpa- rinae). — In: CANARD M., ASPÖCK H. S M.W. MANSELL (eds), Re- ficiently significant to warrant a subfamilial ranking. Ap- cent Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fourth plication of this character does however exclude all tri- International Symposium on Neuropterology. Bagneres de bes except the Palparini from the subfamily. In this con- Luchon, France. 243-253, Sacco, Toulouse.

text the Palparinae would constitute a monophylum, but MANSEU. M.W. (1992b): The ant-lions of southern Africa: genus owing to the prevailing lack of substantive autapomor- Pamexis HAGEN (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Palparinae: phic characters to justify a subfamily, the present author Palparini). — Systematic Entomology 17: 65-78. prefers to regard the tribe Palparini as part of the subfa- MANSEU. M.W. (1996): The antlions of southern Africa (Neurop- mily Myrmeleontinae. tera: Myrmeleontidae): genus Palparellus Naväs, including extralimital species. — African Entomology 4: 239-267.

MARKL W. (1954): Vergleichend-morphologische Studien zur Sys- Acknowledgements tematik und Klassifikation der Myrmeleoniden (Insecta, Neuroptera). — Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Ge- I thank the South African National Parks Board for permission sellschaft in Basel 65: 178-263. to carry out research in the Kalahari Gemsbok and Kruger Na- tional Paries, and to the staff of these Parks who facilitated the RAMBUR M.P. (1842): Historie Naturelle des Insectes, Nevropteres. — Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret. Fain et Thunot, Paris. visits. All persons mentioned in the text, who have contributed 338-411, Paris. specimens to this study, are gratefully acknowledged. Prof. C.H. Scholtz (University of Pretoria) is especially thanked for orga- STANGE L.A. & R.B. MILLER (1990): Classification of the Myrmeleon- tidae based on larvae (Insecta: Neuroptera). — In: MANSELL nising many of the field trips that procured important material. M.W. & H. ASPÖCK (eds). Advances in Neuropterology. Pro- The former Directorate of Nature Conservation and Recreatio- ceedings of the Third International Symposium on Neurop- nal Resorts of Namibia are acknowledged for use of facilities at terology. Berg en Dal, Kruger National Park (R.S.A.) 1988: Gobabeb, and for permission to carry out research in the Na- 151-169, Pretoria. mib/Naukluft Park. I am particularly grateful to Dr. M.K. Seely STITZ H. (1912): Palpares aus der Sammlung des Berliner Mu- (Director of the Desert Ecological Research Station, Gobabeb) seums. — Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in in this regard. Berlin 6: 105-116.

Zusammenfassung

Ein neues Genus und zwei neue Spezies der Palparini (Myrme- leontidae) aus dem südlichen Afrika werden beschrieben. Das Genus umfaßt drei endemische Arten; Seine Verbreitung er- streckt sich vom westlichen Namibia über das südliche Kalaha- rigebiet von Namibia, Botswana und Südafrika nach Osten hin bis in die Sandgebiete des nördlichen Kruger Nationalparks in Südafrika. Von einer der Arten ist eine fünfzähnige Larve be- kannt. Das Genus ist durch folgende Merkmale charakterisiert: Ein auffälliger schwarzer Streifen über Kopf und Thorax, ein- heitlich dunkle Beine, keulenförmige Labialpalpen mit einem schlitzförmigen Sinnesorgan und eine prominente Gonarcus- Bulla der Männchen. References ASPÖCK H., HÖLZEL H. & U. ASPÖCK (2001): Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpaläarktis. — Denisia 2: 1-606. Address of the author: BANKS N. (1911): Notes on African Myrmeleonidae. — Annals of the Entomological Society of America 4: 1-29. Dr. Mervyn W. MANSELL BANKS N. (1927): Revision of the Nearctic Myrmeleonidae. — Bul- Department of Zoology and Entomology letin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University of Pretoria College 68: 1-84. Pretoria HÖLZEL H. (1972): Die Neuropteren Vorderasiens. IV. Myrmeleoni- 0002 South Africa dae. — Beiträge zur Naturkundlichen Forschung in Süd- and westdeutschland 1: 3-103. ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute MANSELL M.W. (1990): The Myrmeleontidae of southern Africa: Private Bag XI34 tribe Palparini. Introduction and description of Pamares nov. Queenswood, Pretoria gen., with four new species (Inseca: Neuroptera). — Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 53: 165- 0121 South Africa 189. E-Mail: [email protected]

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