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Timeline of the English Civil War 1625 Charles I of England accedes to the English throne, and shortly after marries a French, Roman Catholic princess, Henrietta Maria 1626 Parliament dismisses George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham from command of English forces in Europe;Charles, furious, dismisses Parliament. 1628 Charles recalls Parliament; Parliament draws up Petition of Right which Charles reluctantly accepts. John Felton murders George Villiers (Buckingham) 1629 Charles dismisses Parliament, does not call it again til 1640 commencing"Personal Rule" 1633 William Laud appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. 1637 Charles attempts to impose Anglican services on the Presbyterian Church of Scotland, Jenny Geddes reacts starting a tumult, leads to National Covenant in Scotland. 1639-1640 Bishops' Wars start in Scotland which will lead to English Civil War. 1640 April 13, first meeting of the Short Parliament May 5, Charles dissolves the Short Parliament October 26, Charles forced to sign the Treaty of Ripon. November 3, first meeting of the Long Parliament. 1640-1660 (officially) could not be dissolved without permission of its members. Charles has to acquiesce. This Parliament has the greatest power ever of any to this date. Lasts to 1649 as is. December 11, the Root and Branch Petition submitted to the Long Parliament 1641 July, the Long Parliament passes "An Act for the Regulating the Privie Councell and for taking away the Court commonly called the Star Chamber" August, the Root and Branch Bill rejected by the Long Parliament October, outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641 December 1, The Grand Remonstrance is presented to the King December - The Long Parliament passes the Bishops Exclusion Act January 4, Charles unsuccessfully attempts to personally arrest the Five Members (John Pym, John Hampden, Denzil Holles, Sir Arthur Haselrig, and William Strode) on the floor of the House of Commons 1642 Jan, on the orders of the Long Parliament, Sir John Hotham,1st Baronet seizes the arsenal at Kingston upon Hull Feb, bishops of Church of England are excluded from House of Lords by Bishops Exclusion Act Feb - Henrietta Maria goes to the Netherlands with Princess Mary and crown jewels March 5, the Long Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance 1642-cont March 15, the Long Parliament proclaims that "the People are bound by the Ordinance for the Militia, though it has not received the Royal Assent" June 3, The great meeting on Heworth Moor outside York, summoned by Charles to garner support for his cause. July, Charles I unsuccessfully besieges Kingston upon Hull in attempt to secure iarsenal. July, Parliament appoints the Committee of Safety Aug 20, King Charles I raises his standard at Nottingham and the war commences Sept 19Charles's Wellington Declaration •Sept 23, Battle of Powick Bridge Sept 29, The Yorkshire Treaty of Neutrality was signed, repudiated by Parliament Oct 4 Oct 17, Charles I passed through Birmingham, towns folk seized the Kings carriages, containing the royal plate and furniture, which they conveyed for security to Warwick. The same day there was a skirmish at Kings Norton Oct 23, Battle of Edgehill 1643 • 19 January, Battle of Braddock Down • 28 January, the Long Parliament sends commissioners to negotiate the Treaty of Oxford (unsuccessful) • 16 June, the Long Parliament passes the Licensing Order • 18 June, Battle of Chalgrove Field - John Hampden killed in the skirmish • 30 June, Battle of Adwalton Moor • 1 July, first meeting of the Westminster Assembly • 4 July, Battle of Burton Bridge • 5 July, Battle of Lansdowne (or Lansdown) fought near Bath. • 17 August, the Church of Scotland ratifies the Solemn League and Covenant • 2 September, Beginning of Siege of Hull (1643) • 20 September, First Battle of Newbury • 25 September, the Long Parliament and the Westminster Assembly ratify the Solemn League and Covenant. Under the terms of the deal with Scotland, the Committee of Safety is superseded by the Committee of Both Kingdoms • 11 October, Battle of Winceby Events of 1644 The Scots marched South and joined Parliament's army threatening York. • 26 January, Battle of Nantwich • 3 February, Siege of Newcastle, formal request to surrender to the Scots. • 29 March, Battle of Cheriton • 28 May, Storming of Bolton and the Bolton Massacre • 2 July, Battle of Marston Moor • 13 September, Second Battle of Aberdeen • 19 October, Siege of Newcastle ends with the storming of the city by Scottish soldiers • 24 October, the Long Parliament passes the Ordinance of no quarter to the Irish • 27 October, Second Battle of Newbury 4 • 23 November, first publication of Areopagitica by John Milton • 4 November, the Long Parliament sends the Propositions of Uxbridge to the king at Oxford Events of 1645 • 6 January, the Committee of Both Kingdoms orders the creation of the New Model Army • 28 January, the Long Parliament appoints commissioners to meet with the king's commissioners at Uxbridge • 22 February, negotiations over the Treaty of Uxbridge end unsuccessfully • 23 April, the Long Parliament passes the Self-denying Ordinance • 14 June, Battle of Naseby • Surrender of Leicester • October fear of Royalist attack in south Lincolnshire • Charles went to Welbeck, Nottinghamshire • 17 December Siege of Hereford ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. Events of 1646 • 18 January, Siege of Dartmouth ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. • 3 February, Siege of Chester ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison after a 136 day siege. • 16 February, Battle of Torrington victory for the New Model Army • 10 March, Ralph Hopton surrenders the Royalist army at Tresillian bridge in Cornwall. • 21 March, Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold the last pitched battle of the First Civil War is a victory for the New Model Army • 5 May Charles surrendered to a Scottish army at Southwell, Nottinghamshire • 13 April Siege of Exeter ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. • 6 May Newark fell to the Parliamentarians • 24 June, Siege of Oxford ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. • 22 July, Siege of Worcester ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. 5 • 27 July after a 65 day siege Wallingford Castle, the last English royalist stronghold, surrenders to Sir Thomas Fairfax. • 19 August Royalist garrison of Raglan Castle surrendered (Wales) • 9 October, the Long Parliament passes the Ordinance for the abolishing of Archbishops and Bishops in England and Wales and for settling their lands and possessions upon Trustees for the use of the Commonwealth Events of 1647 • 13 March Harlech Castle the last Royalist stronghold in Wales surrendered to the Parliamentary forces. • 2 June, a troop of New Model Army cavalry seizes the King from his Parliamentary guards at Holdenby House and place him in 'protective custody'. • 1 August, Army offers the Heads of Proposals • 31 August Montrose escaped from the Highlands • October, "An Agreement of the People for a firm and present peace upon grounds of common right", presented to the Army Council • 29 November, Beginning of the Putney Debates • 26 December, a faction of Scottish Covenanters sign The Engagement with Charles I Events of 1648 • 8 May Battle of St. Fagans • 16 May(?) – 11 July Siege of Pembroke • 24 June Battle of Maidstone • 13 June – 28 August Siege of Colchester • 17 August – 19 August Battle of Preston • 28 August, On the evening of the surrender of Colchester, Royalists Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle were shot • 15 September, Treaty of Newport • November, leaders in the army draft the Remonstrance of the Army • 7 December – Pride's Purge, when troops under Colonel Thomas Pride removed opponents of Oliver Cromwell from Parliament by force of arms resulting in Rump Parliament Events of 1649 • 15 January, "An Agreement of the People of England, and the 6 places therewith incorporated, for a secure and present peace, upon grounds of common right, freedom and safety" presented to the Rump Parliament • 20 January 1649, The trial of Charles I of England by the High Court of Justice begins • 27 January 1649, The death warrant of Charles I of England is signed • 30 January 1649, Charles I of England executed by beheading - the Rump Parliament passes Act prohibiting the proclaiming any person to be King of England or Ireland, or the Dominions thereof • 5 February 1649, The eldest son of Charles I, Charles, proclaimed King of Scots in Edinburgh, Scotland • 7 February 1649, The Rump Parliament votes to abolish the English monarchy • 9 February 1649, publication of Eikon Basilike, allegedly by Charles I of England • 14 February 1649, the Rump Parliament creates the English Council of State • February Charles II proclaimed king by Hugh, Viscount Montgomery and other Irish Royalists at Newtownards in Ulster.[1][2] • 9 March 1649, Engager Duke of Hamilton, Royalist Earl of Holland, and Royalist Lord Capel were beheaded at Westminster • 17 March 1649, an Act abolishing the kingship is formally passed by the Rump Parliament. • 24 March 1649, The capitulation of Pontefract Castle which, even after the death of Charles I, remained loyal to Charles II • 1 May, "AN AGREEMENT OF THE Free People of England. Tendered as a Peace-Offering to this distressed Nation" extended version from the Leveller leaders, "Lieutenant Colonel John Lilburne, Master William Walwyn, Master Thomas Prince, and Master Richard Overton, Prisoners in the Tower of London, May the 1. 1649." October 1649, first publication of Eikonoklastes by John Milton, a rebuttal of Eikon Basilike .
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