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Embodied Empiricism
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PhilPapers Embodied Empiricism CHARLES T. WOLFE OFER GAL It was in 1660s England, according to the received view, in the meetings of the Royal Society of London, that science acquired the form of empirical enquiry that we recognize as our own: an open, collaborative experimental practice, mediated by specially-designed instruments, supported by civil, critical discourse, stressing accuracy and replicability. Guided by the philosophy of Francis Bacon, by Protestant ideas of this-worldly benevolence, by gentlemanly codes of decorum and integrity and by a dominant interest in mechanics and a conviction in the mechanical structure of the universe, the members of the Royal Society created a novel experimental practice that superseded all former modes of empirical inquiry– from Aristotelian observations to alchemical experimentation. It is enlightening to consider that this view is imparted by both the gentlemen of the Royal Society, in their official self-presentations, and by much of the most iconoclastic historiography of our time. Lines like ―Boyle‘s example … was mobilized to give legitimacy to the experimental philosophy,‖1 are strongly reminiscent of Bishop Sprat‘s 1667 eulogy of the ―Lord Bacon in whose Books there are everywhere scattered the best arguments for the defence of experimental philosophy; and the best directions, needful to promote it.‖2 One reason for the surprising agreement is that this picture of openness, benevolence and civility does capture some of the moral-epistemological mores of the empiricism of the New Science, but this very agreement of historians and apologists also harbors a paradox. -
Communes\Communes - Renseignements\Contact Des Communes\Communes - Renseignements 2020.Xlsx 10.12.20
TAXE PROFESSIONNELLE COMMUNALE Contacts par commune No COMMUNE PERSONNE(S) DE CONTACT No Tél No Fax E-mail [email protected] 1 Aire-la-Ville Claire SNEIDERS 022 757 49 29 022 757 48 32 [email protected] 2 Anières Dominique LAZZARELLI 022 751 83 05 022 751 28 61 [email protected] 3 Avully Véronique SCHMUTZ 022 756 92 50 022 756 92 59 [email protected] 4 Avusy Michèle KÜNZLER 022 756 90 60 022 756 90 61 [email protected] 5 Bardonnex Marie-Laurence MICHAUD 022 721 02 20 022 721 02 29 [email protected] 6 Bellevue Pierre DE GRIMM 022 959 84 34 022 959 88 21 [email protected] 7 Bernex Nelly BARTHOULOT 022 850 92 92 022 850 92 93 [email protected] 8 Carouge P. GIUGNI / P.CARCELLER 022 307 89 89 - [email protected] 9 Cartigny Patrick HESS 022 756 12 77 022 756 30 93 [email protected] 10 Céligny Véronique SCHMUTZ 022 776 21 26 022 776 71 55 [email protected] 11 Chancy Patrick TELES 022 756 90 50 - [email protected] 12 Chêne-Bougeries Laure GAPIN 022 869 17 33 - [email protected] 13 Chêne-Bourg Sandra Garcia BAYERL 022 869 41 21 022 348 15 80 [email protected] 14 Choulex Anne-Françoise MOREL 022 707 44 61 - [email protected] 15 Collex-Bossy Yvan MASSEREY 022 959 77 00 - [email protected] 16 Collonge-Bellerive Francisco CHAPARRO 022 722 11 50 022 722 11 66 [email protected] 17 Cologny Daniel WYDLER 022 737 49 51 022 737 49 50 [email protected] 18 Confignon Soheila KHAGHANI 022 850 93 76 022 850 93 92 [email protected] 19 Corsier Francine LUSSON 022 751 93 33 - [email protected] 20 Dardagny Roger WYSS -
Why Was There No Controversy Over Life in the Scientific Revolution? *
Why was there no controversy over Life in the Scientific Revolution? * Charles T. Wolfe Unit for History and Philosophy of Science University of Sydney Well prior to the invention of the term ‗biology‘ in the early 1800s by Lamarck and Treviranus, and also prior to the appearance of terms such as ‗organism‘ under the pen of Leibniz in the early 1700s, the question of ‗Life‘, that is, the status of living organisms within the broader physico-mechanical universe, agitated different corners of the European intellectual scene. From modern Epicureanism to medical Newtonianism, from Stahlian animism to the discourse on the ‗animal economy‘ in vitalist medicine, models of living being were constructed in opposition to ‗merely anatomical‘, structural, mechanical models. It is therefore curious to turn to the ‗passion play‘ of the Scientific Revolution – whether in its early, canonical definitions or its more recent, hybridized, reconstructed and expanded versions: from Koyré to Biagioli, from Merton to Shapin – and find there a conspicuous absence of worry over what status to grant living beings in a newly physicalized universe. Neither Harvey, nor Boyle, nor Locke (to name some likely candidates, the latter having studied with Willis and collaborated with Sydenham) ever ask what makes organisms unique, or conversely, what does not. In this paper I seek to establish how ‗Life‘ became a source of contention in early modern thought, and how the Scientific Revolution missed the controversy. ―Of all natural forces, vitality is the incommunicable one.‖ (Fitzgerald 1945: 74) Introduction To ask why there was no controversy over Life – that is, debates specifically focusing on the status of living beings, their mode of functioning, their internal mechanisms and above all their ‗uniqueness‘ within the physical universe as a whole – in the Scientific Revolution is to simultaneously run the risk of extreme narrowness of detail and/or of excessive breadth in scope. -
Occasional Papers from the Lindley Library © 2011
Occasional Papers from The RHS Lindley Library IBRARY L INDLEY L , RHS VOLUME FIVE MARCH 2011 Eighteenth-century Science in the Garden Cover illustration: Hill, Vegetable System, vol. 23 (1773) plate 20: Flower-de-luces, or Irises. Left, Iris tuberosa; right, Iris xiphium. Occasional Papers from the RHS Lindley Library Editor: Dr Brent Elliott Production & layout: Richard Sanford Printed copies are distributed to libraries and institutions with an interest in horticulture. Volumes are also available on the RHS website (www. rhs.org.uk/occasionalpapers). Requests for further information may be sent to the Editor at the address (Vincent Square) below, or by email ([email protected]). Access and consultation arrangements for works listed in this volume The RHS Lindley Library is the world’s leading horticultural library. The majority of the Library’s holdings are open access. However, our rarer items, including many mentioned throughout this volume, are fragile and cannot take frequent handling. The works listed here should be requested in writing, in advance, to check their availability for consultation. Items may be unavailable for various reasons, so readers should make prior appointments to consult materials from the art, rare books, archive, research and ephemera collections. It is the Library’s policy to provide or create surrogates for consultation wherever possible. We are actively seeking fundraising in support of our ongoing surrogacy, preservation and conservation programmes. For further information, or to request an appointment, please contact: RHS Lindley Library, London RHS Lindley Library, Wisley 80 Vincent Square RHS Garden Wisley London SW1P 2PE Woking GU23 6QB T: 020 7821 3050 T: 01483 212428 E: [email protected] E : [email protected] Occasional Papers from The RHS Lindley Library Volume 5, March 2011 B. -
Montesquieu Charles-Louis De Secondat
EBSCOhost Page 1 of 5 Record: 1 Title: Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de. Authors: Robert Shackleton Source: Britannica Biographies; 2008, p1, 2p Document Type: Biography Abstract: (born January 18, 1689, Château La Brède, near Bordeaux, France— died February 10, 1755, Paris) French political philosopher whose major work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] Copyright of Britannica Biographies is the property of Encyclopedia Britannica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all abstracts.) Lexile: 1240 Full Text Word Count:2611 Accession Number: 32418468 Database: MAS Ultra - School Edition Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de (born January 18, 1689, Château La Brède, near Bordeaux, France—died February 10, 1755, Paris) French political philosopher whose major work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory. Early life and career. His father, Jacques de Secondat, belonged to an old military family of modest wealth that had been ennobled in the 16th century for services to the crown, while his mother, Marie- Françoise de Pesnel, was a pious lady of partial English extraction. She brought to her husband a great increase in wealth in the valuable wine-producing property of La Brède. -
Onex-Bernex-Confignon - Switzerland - Europan 13 TRANSFORMATION PROCESS for a SINGLE HOME SUBURBAN AREA
Onex-Bernex-Confignon - Switzerland - europan 13 TRANSFORMATION PROCESS FOR A SINGLE HOME SUBURBAN AREA LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE AND STUDY AREA IN RELATION TO THE CITY OF GENEVA THE SCALE OF THE STUDY (YELLOW) AND THE SCALE OF THE PROJECT (RED) CATEGORY: Urban/architectural A real challenge for research in urban-strategy and multi-professional their social ties or their moving and shopping habits. SITE’S FAMILY: HOW TO INTEGRATE VACANT SITES IN URBAN interdisciplinary! Another blocking factor comes from the use of complex planning tools, which DEVELOPMENT? HOW CAN THE SITE CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE «ADAPTABLE CITY»? create significant constraints, particularly in terms of land-price control or LOCATION: ONEX-BERNEX-CONFIGNON (SWITZERLAND) The proposed site is part of a suburban fabric made of “villas”. minimum density. POPULATION : 1’240 inhabitants In the late fifties, increasing the density in that type of urban environment This led to a patchwork of small development projects, based on land STUDY SITE: Territories of the Onex, Bernex and Confignon municipalities became a strategy that contributed to densify substantially the number of acquisition opportunities, without any overall urban project or coordinated PROJECT SITE: 54.8 ha housing units in the Geneva territory. land-use strategy. SITE PROVIDED BY: Republic and Canton of Geneva First, large expanses of free land were used to develop quality neighborhoods. Therefore, the objective is to suggest a transformation of the suburban fabric OWNERS OF THE SITE: Private Owners and State -
Narrative and Natural History in the Eighteenth Century
UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title Narrative and natural history in the eighteenth century. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x51z6qw Journal Studies in history and philosophy of science, 62 ISSN 0039-3681 Author Terrall, Mary Publication Date 2017-04-07 DOI 10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.03.009 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Studies in History and Philosophy of Science xxx (2017) 1e14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Studies in History and Philosophy of Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/shpsa Narrative and natural history in the eighteenth century Mary Terrall Department of History, Box 951473, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1473, USA article info abstract Article history: In the eighteenth century, natural histories of animals incorporated narratives about animal behaviour Available online xxx and narratives of discovery and experimentation. Naturalists used first-person accounts to link the stories of their scientific investigations to the stories of the animal lives they were studying. Under- Keywords: standing nature depended on narratives that shifted back and forth in any given text between animal and Narrative human, and between individual cases and generalizations about species. This paper explores the uses of Natural history narrative through examples from the work of René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur and Abraham René-Antoine de Réaumur Trembley. In all cases, narrative took the genre of natural history well beyond straightforward description Abraham Trembley fi Insects and classi cation. Prose accounts of insect actions and mechanisms worked in tandem with visual Metamorphosis narratives embedded in the accompanying illustrations, where artists developed strategies for repre- senting sequences of minute changes over time. -
Readingsample
Evolutionary Theory and the Creation Controversy Bearbeitet von Olivier Rieppel 1st Edition. 2010. Buch. x, 204 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 642 14895 8 Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 1060 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Chemie, Biowissenschaften, Agrarwissenschaften > Biowissenschaften allgemein > Evolutionsbiologie Zu Inhaltsverzeichnis schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. Chapter 2 The Problem of Change An evolving world is a world of change. A created world does not change. It just is. Or if it seems to change, the change is only apparent, as it is preconceived and preordained by the blueprint of Creation. Change is paradoxical: how can something change and yet remain the same? How much remodeling can be done to a house before we no longer call it the same house, but a new and different one? Some Ancient Greek philosophers solved the ‘problem of change’ through the concept of dynamic permanence: planets are in constant motion, continuously changing their position relative to other heavenly bodies, but they travel in immutable, eternal orbits. These orbits can be described in terms of universal laws of nature, which in turn can be expressed in the timeless language of mathematics. The concept of dynamic permanence is less easily applied to organisms. The developing chicken appears to change continuously, but here, organs such as the heart, the brain, and the limbs seem to come into existence without having been apparent before. -
La Crise Dope La Vente Directe
Tribune de Genève | Vendredi 18 septembre 2020 Vendredi 18 septembre 2020 | Ce supplément ne peut être vendu séparément Le chef Concours: Découvrez de l’Odéon des bons de les points fait vibrer 150 francs de vente le terroir IN à gagner du canton GIRARD Page 6 GALI Page 6 Pages 2, 3, 4, 5 et 6 MA DR L’éleveuse de Bernex Lisa Graf est la première à proposer de la mozzarella di bufala genevoise. Page 5 LUCIEN FORTUNATI UnsupplémentdelaTribunedeGenève La crise dope la vente directe Après des affluences record, c’est le retour à la quasi-normale sur les marchés à la ferme. Certains producteurs assurent avoir gardé de nouveaux clients. Andrea Machalova Continuer à nourrir la population même en temps de crise, c’est une mission que de nombreux producteurs de la région de Genève se sont attelés à relever ces derniers mois. Sueur au front et sans compter les heures, ils ont inlassable- ment rempli les rayons de leurs marchés à la ferme, du jour au lendemain débor- dés. Certains ont doublé leur chiffre d’af- faires, d’autres gagné jusqu’à 30% de nouveaux clients. Même des Français, nous assure-t-on. «C’était de la folie pure, se souvient Claude, de la ferme Gonin, à Puplinge. Plusieurs personnes ont at- tendu pendant plus d’une heure avant de pouvoir entrer dans le magasin.» Débor- dée également, la famille Courtois, à Ver- soix, a préféré momentanément fermer Le Domaine des Vignolles, à Satigny, a dû innover pour faire face à la pandémie. Comme la plupart des autres marchés à la ferme du canton. -
The British Journal for the History of Science Mechanical Experiments As Moral Exercise in the Education of George
The British Journal for the History of Science http://journals.cambridge.org/BJH Additional services for The British Journal for the History of Science: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III FLORENCE GRANT The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 48 / Issue 02 / June 2015, pp 195 - 212 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087414000582, Published online: 01 August 2014 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007087414000582 How to cite this article: FLORENCE GRANT (2015). Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III. The British Journal for the History of Science, 48, pp 195-212 doi:10.1017/ S0007087414000582 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/BJH, IP address: 130.132.173.207 on 07 Jul 2015 BJHS 48(2): 195–212, June 2015. © British Society for the History of Science 2014 doi:10.1017/S0007087414000582 First published online 1 August 2014 Mechanical experiments as moral exercise in the education of George III FLORENCE GRANT* Abstract. In 1761, George III commissioned a large group of philosophical instruments from the London instrument-maker George Adams. The purchase sprang from a complex plan of moral education devised for Prince George in the late 1750s by the third Earl of Bute. Bute’s plan applied the philosophy of Frances Hutcheson, who placed ‘the culture of the heart’ at the foundation of moral education. To complement this affective development, Bute also acted on seventeenth-century arguments for the value of experimental philosophy and geometry as exercises that habituated the student to recognizing truth, and to pursuing it through long and difficult chains of reasoning. -
The Mémoires of Abraham Trembley. III. His Discoveries on Hydra and His Approaches to Biology
The mémoires of Abraham Trembley. III. His discoveries on hydra and his approaches to biology Autor(en): Lenhoff, Howard M. / Lenhoff, Sylvia G. Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Archives des sciences et compte rendu des séances de la Société Band (Jahr): 38 (1985) Heft 3 PDF erstellt am: 29.09.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-740481 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch Arch. Sc. Genève Vol. 38 Fasc. 3 pp. 293-304 1985 THE MÉMOIRES OF ABRAHAM TREMBLEY: III. HIS DISCOVERIES ON HYDRA AND HIS APPROACHES TO BIOLOGY BY Howard M. LENHOFF1 and Sylvia G. -
Hunt, Stephen E. "'Free, Bold, Joyous': the Love of Seaweed in Margaret Gatty and Other Mid–Victorian Writers." Environment and History 11, No
The White Horse Press Full citation: Hunt, Stephen E. "'Free, Bold, Joyous': The Love of Seaweed in Margaret Gatty and Other Mid–Victorian Writers." Environment and History 11, no. 1 (February 2005): 5–34. http://www.environmentandsociety.org/node/3221. Rights: All rights reserved. © The White Horse Press 2005. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism or review, no part of this article may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, including photocopying or recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission from the publishers. For further information please see http://www.whpress.co.uk. ʻFree, Bold, Joyousʼ: The Love of Seaweed in Margaret Gatty and Other Mid-Victorian Writers STEPHEN E. HUNT Wesley House, 10 Milton Park, Redfield, Bristol, BS5 9HQ Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT With particular reference to Gattyʼs British Sea-Weeds and Eliotʼs ʻRecollections of Ilfracombeʼ, this article takes an ecocritical approach to popular writings about seaweed, thus illustrating the broader perception of the natural world in mid-Victorian literature. This is a discursive exploration of the way that the enthusiasm for seaweed reveals prevailing ideas about propriety, philanthropy and natural theology during the Victorian era, incorporating social history, gender issues and natural history in an interdisciplinary manner. Although unchaperoned wandering upon remote shorelines remained a questionable activity for women, ʻseaweedingʼ made for a direct aesthetic engagement with the specificity of place in a way that conforms to Barbara Gatesʼs notion of the ʻVictorian female sublimeʼ.