O O O July 1992 O

o CONSERVATION PLAN FOR THE

PARLIAN{ENTARY PRECTNCT o HOBART

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Austral Archaeology & Flightpath Architects a July 1992 o

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Thhle nf Cnntents

Page o I Executive Summarv 1. 1.1 Introduction ...... 1 r.2 Summary of Precinct Significance ...... 3 t.3 Gazetteers ...... 7 o ) Historical Analysis ...... 13 2.t Part One: BeforeFederation ...... 14 2.2 Part Two: The Twentieth Crnturv .....29

3 Precinct 48 3.1 Structural Development of the Precinct 48 o 3.2 Sisnificance 52 Conservation Policy 53

4 Parliament House 58 4.1 Phvsical Analvsis 58 4.2 Sisnificance ...... 62 o 4.3 Conservation Policies 63 5 Parliamentarv Gardens ...... 70 5.1 Physical Analysis 70 5.2 Sienificance 72 5.3 Lonservatlon rollcv 72 o 6 St Mary's Hospital ...... 75 6.7 Phvsical Analvsis ...... 75 6.2 Significanc" -...... 81 6.3 Conservation Policy ...... 83 o 7 Hydro-Electric Department 90 7.7 Physical Analysis 90 7.2 Sisnificance ...... 92 7.3 Conservation Policv 93

8 Health Department 96 o 8.1 Physical Analysis 96 8.2 Significance 98 8.3 Conservation Policy 99

9 Government Printers 103 9.r Phvsical Analvsis 103 o 9.2 Sisnificance ...... 104 9.3 Cdnservation Policy

10 State Offces 107 10.1 Physical Analysis 1,07 r0.2 108 o 10.3 C-onservation Policv 108 11 11.1, LL.2 11.3 o t2 72.1 12.2 72.3 o 13 o t4 Bibliography ...... 123

15 Ac}oowledgements I25 o 16 APPENDIX A Project Brief ...... 126

L7 APPENDIX B Burra Charter ...... 732 1t APPENDIX C St Marv's Stonework: DOC Comment .... 136 o

List of Figures o 1 Location diagram 2 2a Short term conservation objectives 5 2b l-ong term opportunities and constraints 6 J Shoreline prior to reclamation 15 4 Site plan of 7824 77 5 Proposed development of New Wharf 1827 19 o 6 Site plan of 1840 2T 7 Site plan of 1860 23 8 Plan of Old Market in 1880 25 9 Identification plan of St Mary's complex 28 10 Structural development of the precinct 1824 49 11 Structural development of the precinct L849 49 o t2 Structural developnent of the precinct 1946 51 13 Structural development of the precinct 1.992 51 L4-17 Parliament House 68169 18 rket buildings on Parliamentary Gardens 7I L9 all detail plan 115 o

List of Plates o Cover photograph: Parliament House in 1901 (TMAG).

1. Temporary Customs House & Tieasury 1830 37 ) Plan of Archer Custom House 38 3 St Marv's c1860 39 4 Old Mdrket c1865 40 a 5 Parliamentary Gardens 1901 4t 6 42 7 reets c1890 43 8 1 44 9 45 10 Proposed design for Hydro-Electric building 1920 46 o 11 State Offices 1970s 47 T2 Department of Health Building 1950 r02

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o DGCUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Introduction o

Study of the Parliamentary Precinct together with DOC for this purpose. o This Study is being follows: Part l-Measureds andsite. Part2 - Audit of: es. Functional relationships. Part 3 - Conservation Plan of the precinct. o Part 4 - Brief for future needs. Functional accommodation requirements. This Conservation Study addresses Part 3 of the programme.

The Study Area is the precinct bounded by Davey, Murray, Morrison Streets and Salamanca Place in Hobart. The precinct comprises buildings and land o owned entirely by the State Government. This Conservation Plan has been set at the level of a Precinct Study; this is on the understanding that based on the recommendations of this Plan, further detailed studies on individual buildings may be carried out beyond the scope of this Study. o The Brief states that "...the Conservation Plan is intended to form the cornerstone of a Strategic Planning process u'hich u'ill be continuous and responsive to the changing circumstances rvith regard to operational needs and availability of funds...."1

The Conservation Plan has been structured according to the requirements of o the Brief. This structure includes an historical analysis of the precinct and individual buildings and sites within it, a physical analysis of these buildings and sites, an assessment of their cultural significance and recommended conservation policies and priorities.

For ease of reference the major conclusions and recommendations of the o Plan are presented in summaiy form in the Executive Summary and Site Gazetteers at the beginning of the repot t.

All work *., uod.rtaken in accordance with established conservation practices and standards and the principles of Australia ICOMOS. o

O 1 Commission Brief for a Consen'alion Plan of the Parliamentary Precinct, Hobart, November 1991, Department of Construction Commission No. N0078.

PARLL{\{EI.{TARY P RE CIN CT C O NSERVATI ON P LAN Jull' 1992 Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirecrs 1 o o

E)GCUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction

St. l{ary.s Buildiag --'-,.uHerrrr L/epanlDenrn \ I Building a

Hobart

a Offrces Sute Gosero$eot

Parliamcot House o

Figure 1 Location Plan of Parliamentary Precinct showing main buildings. o

July 1992 PARLIAMEIVIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN 2 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o a

Significance EXECUTIVE SUMMARY o

1.2 Summary of Precinct Significance o 1.2.L Eistoric Significance

The Parliamentary Precinct is a place of consi.derable historical and social significance" The gradual evolution of the precinct towards exclusively public administrative functions at the expense of mixed uses reflects the o growth and complexity of public administration at the State level. The location of the precinct close to the harbour reflects the historical importance of maritime trade and communication to the economy of the colony. o r.2.2 Archaeological Significance

The precinct has sonrc at'eas that arc of archaeological sigilficance and others that are likely lo have research potential. This includes the area under the Parliamentary Gardens which was originally reclaimed from the cove and o then used as a market.

L.23 Architectural Si gnifrcance

The precinct is of minor significance as a nicrocosm of architectural sryIes o reflecting the significant periods in Hobart's architecnral history. The effort over a considerable period to reuse and reinterprel ptevious architectural elements in later buildings on the precinct demonstrates changing approaches to the design of infill buildings. o r.2.4 Environmental Significance

The precinct is significant because it ntakes an inportant contribution to the historic streetscape qualiry of Hobart. The buildings create hard urban edges to the bloch defining the streets as enclosed public places. The Davey Street corners of the block are given strong definition and identity by the St o Mary's and the Health Department. The architectural articulation of the corners of Parliament House and its return wings on Salamanca Place and Murray Street define the Sullivans Cove end of the precinct. The adjoining infill buildings are built to the street line and setbacks are defined by fences and walls. The concious use of sandstone and sandstone coloured finishes o on most of the buildings also gives a unified character to the precinct. The Parliamentry Gardens contrast with the hard edged built form of the precinct and proi,ide an appropriate setting for Parliarient House. o

PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Autral Archaeology Flightpath Archilecrs o

EXECUTIVE SUMI\{ARY

{calth Depertmenl Hydro Eleclric Oeparlmenl and mainlain exlant 1936/7 labric: . Relain and mainlain Retain . stone facade. slreel lacades up to lourlh slorey Rgtain extant oflice suite with bleckwood o Murray Slreet enlrance panelling and restore lo its original . form Srair wells and lift tower Discontinue ad-hoc exlension ol adjacent Vaults. corridor and carelaker's llat uses Inlo or onto the buildrng ndaol carelaker's llal tor olfice or olher ' Demolish remainder of lhe building if iomoatible uses req u tred Belain extanl oflginal reconsliluted slone . Retain light welt in rhis tocation . lacrngs Remove external service oiDework trom Rotlrn and marnlArn enaitt ongrnal renCet lhe light well and rear of the buitdino :.urlaces and delailrng lo lrll lower o i ean and reoarr rendered Slreel lacades-

MUf IAY

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Salamanca Place

Sl Mary's Hospitsl Parliamenl House a . Retain, repair and maintain Areas A. B/E . Retain, conserve and restore the extanl and F and establish a compatible tong term 1835-40 tabric, the 1856 addirions and lhe 1938-40 additions ' Mrnimise physical intervention with luture . Upgrade enernal signage slonework consefvation 'Upgrade physical security, locking and Inspection procedures ' Flelain, repair and maintain slone walt. Significant areas : to be ,elained. o 0 5n

Figure 2a Short term conservation objectives. o

tooz PARLIAMENNARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN futr Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

DGCUTIVE SUMMARY o

Heallh Deparlment Hydro Electric . Departmenl Precincl Belurbrsh Inlericr ollrce spaces as required 'DemolrSh temainder . ol the burtdino it . Desrgn new rnill marnlarn o Reslore rhe onginal form of lhe building by requtreo burldrngs lo or removal lrlth recover lhe hiStoric character of lhe Ine ot lhe s'orr.y . Belain lrght well in thrs locatron . Const'uct a selback top lroor ano rool . Drecincl Flemove extefnal service prpe-work from lettace ' Aclive pedestrian use of the inlenor open lhe lrghl well a^d rcat ol lhe buildrno ' Flemove o. reoesrgn Inlru.srve aI space should have prionty over carparkrng condrlronrng planl and duclrng state otficcs ' Landscape Inlenor spaces lo reinforce lhe nrslonc . Flemove or redesrgn external servrce shalt . Belain, adapt, redevelop or demoirsh characler and lo suooort acltve I lscs behrnC lrh shatl . Possibly reclad In lhe medurm rerm to lorm . parnlco plarn Femcve render and a more neulrat and sympathelic backdroo lo Parliament House o feconsirucleo lo malcn tne sireel lacaoes Parliament . Hcuse Remove Intrusive dark brick addrtions . Remcve overparnl parnl lrnrsh lhe . cr lo Remove the t 956 and 57 Intrlt seclrons 3w:' ?,j?rs 01 lhe rear e evat on

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Health I/\- /-\ parlme frliFmenlarY Garde rs o // :o

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o Salamanca Place Sl Mary's Hospilal GoYernmenl Prinlet . . Retain. adapt, redevelop of demolish Renrove Areas C. D. G. J arld K . . Remcve Area H and lhe substandard Maintarn lhe slreelscape conlrnuity wrth any adaplalron. accrelrons lo the rear ot Area F . . Retarn and enlarge courlyard. Flelarn the principal address and entrance lo . Salamanca Place. Conslfuct a new wtng ol no more than four . slones In lhrs general area Modity lifl motor room and planl room to o ' Reconslrucl matn enlfance and slarrcase in mrnrmrse detrimenlal Intruston on views to lne rcbby o1 Area E Parlrament House. . Areas which may be attered or Retarn the Oavey Street entrance ol Area A demolished remarn pflncrpal entry and PA BX or B/E as lne Maximum extent ol new burldrngs add I ess . Retarn, adapt, redgvelop or demo|sh lilts plant rooms in . Add additronal floors required ' Locate wel areas, and il Areas lo be demolrshed and new areas ' Infill exislrng lighl well il requrred TN returned to open sDace. o

Figure 2b Inng term opportunities and constraints. a

PARLIAMENITARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirects 5 o

DGCUTIVE SUMMARY Significance

L.2.5 Order of Significance

Of highest siguificance are: the Parliamentary Gardens, specified sections of Parliament lfouse (including the sandstone and wrought iroa fegce along Muray St), and the original Sections of the St Mary's Hospital building. o

facade and blackrvood panelled suite of the at L2 Murray St, the Health Department taining wall between st Mary's and the Government printer. o Some other features are considered to have archaeological significance. These are: the laneway between St Mary's and the Government Printer, the central roadway and the Parliamentary Gardens.

The remaining buildings are considered to be little significance: the Government Printing O-ffice, the PABX building, the State Offices, the o specified additions at the rear of the St Mary's Hospital building and the specified additions at the rear of Parliament House.

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Gazetteers EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

13 Gazetteers o 13.1 Parliament Eouse History This building was designed in 1830 and first occupied in 1840 by the Customs Department and Legislative Council. It has undergone constant o renovations throughout the intervening period. Significance Parliament House is a building of exceptional historical, social and political significance.

Conservation Policy o The building must be retained. Detailed conservation policies have been developed for the different phases of the building's development.

Recommendations Parliament House should be retained in use as the principal home of government in Tasmania. It should incorporate both the House of Assembly o and the lrgislative Council and their associated functions.

Detailed recourmendations on appropriate reconstruction, renovation and restoration actions have been prepared for this building. o I.3.2 Parliamentary Gardens Histor! This area was reclaimed during the early 1830s with land fill from Battery Point. From the mid 1830s to-1899 tho site contained a market. This was o demolished and by 7902 the present garden beds had been formed. Since their establishment the gardens have undergone only minor changes.

Significancrc The Parliamentary Gardens are of archaeological, environmental, historical and social significance. o Conservation Policy The Gardens or redeveloPment of the area shou pling investigation to determine the

o Recommendations The Parliamentary Gardens should remain as landscaped open sPace in front of Parliament House.

PARLIAMEN'TARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Jultr'7 1992 Auslral Archaeology Flighrpath Architecrs o o

EXTCUTIVE SUMMARY Gazetteers

a 133 St Mary's Hospital History The first buildings located oD this site consisted of two attached- cottages erected prior to 1824. These were demolished to make way for St Mary's Hospilal which was com o years. From 1862 it w departments and underwent a extended along both Davey Street and Salamanca Place. The building was when the Mines Department departed for new Department has begun to extend out of their rn wing of the St. Mary's building. o

Significance St Mary's Hospital has a high level of architectural, environmental, historical and social cultural significance.

Consenation Policy o Certain sections of the St Mary's Hospital complex are culturally significant and should be conserved ahd retained. Other sections are of little significance. They detract from, conceal and physically threaten the significant sections and should be demolished. Detailed conservation policies have been developed for the different sections of the building. o Recommendations A compatible long term use for this building should be identified as a matter of high conservation priority.

Detailed recommendations on appropriate conservation and development actions have been prepared for this building. o

ts.4 Hydro - Electric Department Historj o This building was built for the then Hydro-Electric Department in 1920. The facade was designed to mirror a portion of the St. Mary's structure. The Department remained at this location until 1938 when they moved to a new building on Davey Street. Following their departure, the building Y-as occupie-d by Deparlment of Agriculture and the Forestry Commission. The most recent tenants are the Department of Social Services; they have o occupied the building since 1973.

Significance The facade and and foyer section (containing the first floor blackwood panelled office suite) of this building are of architectural, environmental, historical and social cultural significance. o

July 1992 PARLIAMET{IARY PRE CIN CT CONSERVAN ON PLAN 8 Au-slral Archaeol o "1, Fl ightpath -Archit ects o O

Gazetteers EXECUTIVE SUMMARY o Conservation Policy The stone facade of the Hydro-Electric Department is significant and should be retained and consern6d. The extant briginal offide suite lined with blackwood panelling is significant and should be restored.to its original form. The conservation ofthis facade and the first floor suite requires the retention of the structure containing them. The remainder of the blilding o may be refurbished, adapted, altered or redeveloped as required. Further detailed conservation poliCies have been prepared for the building and site.

Recommendations Continuing government office use is appropriate. Further detailed recommendations on appropriate cons:rvation and development actions have o been prepared for this building.

1.3.5 Health Department a History The original structure on this allotment was a two storey house erected some 920 te Bui in vari n, and ly o the sole occupier of the building. Significance The Health Department office building has architectural, environmental and historical cultural significance. o Conservation Policv uilding should be include the street e, both stair wells policies have been prepared for the building. o Recommendations Continuing office use by the Health or other government agencies is entirely compatible with the significance of the building. Further detailed recommendations on appropriate conservation and development actions have been prepared for this building. o 13.6 Government Printer History This building was completed and occupied in 1953 and has_been solely o occupied by- ttre Goveinment Printers to the present day. Prior to the construction of the printing-building office number 4 Salamanca Place was the site of a warehouse; this had been in government hands since 1872. Number 2 remained a vacant allo.ment until the construction of the government printing office. o Significance The building is of minor significance.

PARLTAMEIVIARY PPJ CINCT C ONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirecs o

DGCUTIVE SUMMARY Gazetteens

o Recommendations pted, and/or altered or the site its adaptation concern only the ghbours and its impact on the iled recommendations concerning adaptive reuse of the existing building and design criteria for redevelopment o of the site have been prepared.

13.7 State Offrces History o Construction of the State Government building was begun in 1965; it was completed and occupied by 1969. Prior to this the site contained Ferguson's warehouse.

Significance The State Offices building has minor architectural and historical significance o as one of the earliest high rise buildings in Hobart.

Conservation Policy No conservation policy is required for the building itself. Advanced trees should be planted between Parliament House and the State Offices. Large screen planting would ameliorate the disparity of scale and contrasting o character at ground level, screen the base of the State Offices when viewed from the waterfront and would visually separate the two buildings when viewed from the Parliamentary Gardens. The species selected should be as tall as possible in order to form an effective backdrop to Parliament House when mature. o Recommendations In the medium term ameliorative action to reduce the visual impact of the building would be desirable eg. by recladding of the facades. In any planned redevelopment of the site in the future, serious consideration should be given to limiting the overall height of any structure built here. Further detailed recommeDdations on the necessary design criteria for a reduced height o building for this site have been prepared.

13.8 PABX Eistory a This building w:rs completed in 1975 and was the last building erected in the precinct. Prior to its construction, the site was occupied by an old guano warehouse which had been converted to offices for the use of the Social Services Department and the Department of Public Works. Significance o The building is of minor significance.

Recommendations This building may be refurbished, adapted, and/or altered or the site redeveloped as required. Constraints on its adaptation concern only the a

July 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

Gazetteers EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

relationship and impact on tbe o -andof this building to its neighbours its immediate wider environhents. Detailed recommendations concerning adaptive reuse of the existing building and design criteria for redevelopment of the site have been prepared. o 13.9 Roadways, Laneways & Walls History The existing pattern of roadways and laneways were developed to provide access to the rear of the buildings which all faced the main streets. The present pattern was largely established by the presence of the earliest o buildings on the site ie. Parliament House, the warehouses on Salamanca Place and Murray Street, and the St Mary's complex on Davey Street. Subsequent piecemeal redevelopment of the site has ensured that the original cadastral boundaries and their service corridon have survived more or less intact, although the levels of the lanes may have been altered considerably. o Significance The central roadway, laneways, retaining wall and sandstone wall on Murray Street all have a higtr degiee of arc-haeological and historical cultural significance.

Conservation Policy o The retaining wall and sandstone wall should be conserved and maintained. The central rbadwav should continue to be used as an access corridor for the site. The laneways-at the rear of the Salamanca Wing may be re-used for other purposes after adequate investi ;ation of their archaeological potential. Archaeological investigaiion of all these areas is required if it is proPosed that they be redeveloped. The results of this work should inform o conservation decisions about the sites. Recommendations The of the Sala -used for other purp nvestigation potential. New uses le with the of the existing o buildings.

The central roadwav should continue to be used as an access corridor for the site. Any redevelopment of the area should be cognizant of the historical significance of this roadway. o

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Jdy 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architecrs 11 o

o ) HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

A considerable amount of historical research has been undertaken on the Parliamentary Precinct over the past nine years. The area falls within the o parameters of the Sullivans Cove Prccinct and its history is discussed in Hudspeth and Scripps [1987] Sullivans Cove Hist-orical Research commissioned by the Hobart City Council. The St. Mary's hospital building and its later additions have been reviewed in detail in documents commissioned in 1983 bv the Law . Construction from Technii 10 Ptv. Ltd. o the Law Department; in 1984 by the Department of tion from Technic 10 Pty. Ltd. Stonework Restoration. 34 Davey Street West Hobart; and in c.1990 by the Department of Affairs from M. Court and K. Edwar A comprehensive report on ared for the Department of o ie in L989 Parliament House.

of Environmental Conditions.

The following document is intended to complement the above reports, providing a synthesis of research into the more obviously historic sites in the o precinct with research into the history of the precinct as a whole, including features that are no longer extant.

The Parliamentary precinct is that block bounded by Morrison, Murray, Davey Streets and Salamanca Place. Today it holds relatively few separate buildings. Those that are there are all Government possessions and, as is o often the nature of public buildings, they all make strong statements about the feelings held for the local environr ent and the city by their planners and modifiers.

presenting an incohesive d proportion. If one begins o Parliament Square, with its stone facade of Parliament Hor-rse is Classical Revival. To its north, the first building in Munay Street, the concrete and glass State Offices, overpowers it with ten rows of windows staring down onto the slate roof. Next up Murray Street an odd little two- storey stone faced building with neo-Romanesque features is squashed o between the State Offices and the Art Deco Health Department. This concrete building, its horizontality broken by strong vertical features, curves round the comer into Davey Street. There the rest of the block is occupied by Hospital building. Another sandstone oried with embattled paraPets, flanks pink concrete Government Printers o tCft""'*":li$?tt homage to the Law courts across ,h" ,:::. ;:11"fi:l: of Par'liament House and the gardens, a look inside the blo;k between it aild the P.A.B.X. building shows that the historic building has modern bulky additions in dark brick. These bridge over internal driveways to link the parliamentary offices to the Printery and the State Offices. o

PARLTAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighlpath Archirecr 13 o

TIISTORJCALANALYSIS

The following historical investigation will examine this precinct o chronologically to illustrate the pr governmental possession and to do buildings which once existed there. It public buildings into a context that m and what their designers sought to express in all these different ways. o

2.t Part One: Before Federation Physical Description and Pre-history. o Before European modification, the south-west corner of Sullivans Cove was less extensiv-e. It sloped steeply down to a shore line which ran from near the present intersectionbf Muriay of Parliament House and diaso of Salamanca Place [Figure 5]. beach from St. David's-Park in wet weather but it was perpetually marshy o near the shore 2. Inde€d water runoff has been a constant problem in the area since European settlement.

Drilling samples taken in 1962 in preparation for the State Office building indicate the soft and porous nature of the sub-strata. A core taken mldyay along the Davey str&t frontage gave: 0-10 feet overburden; 10-18 feet o muditone; 18-23 feet soft san-dstone; 23-3t feet sandstone; 3L-32+ fent triassic. Another taken behind Parliament House not far from the original shoreline gave: 0-5 feet overburden; 5-8 feet sandy clay; 8-8.5 feet band sand; 8.5--10 feet sandy clay; 10-11 feet soft sandstone: 11"24 feet beach sand; 24-30 feet soft sandstone; 30-37+ feet triassic 3. o The indigenous people of the Hobart area at the time of initial European immigraiion belonged mainly to the Mouheneener band of the South East tribe. They were generally littoral dwellers able to exploit coastal resources year round. Although they made occasional journeys into the hinterland they appeared not to have made the regular seasonal trading journeys inland like bands of the Ovster Bav Tiibe who dominated the eastern shore of the o Derwent. Insteai, in thrj spring they visited North Bruny in their bark catamarans for mutton birdi anii, latlr in the summer, journeyed down to Recherche Bav for seals4. When Sullivans Covd had not recently b brush for hunting but was thickly attraction for British colonists lav in t o Wellington and in the deep sheltdred harbour.

Early Modifrcations and Structures

The burial ground in the present St. David's Park received its first co-rpse at the beginning of settlement in 1804 and se€ms to have been selected for this O purpost because it lay at a healthy distance from the centre of population. As iate as 1834 the aOmitteOty biased Colonial Times sneered at Arthur's choice of the present Parliameitary Garden site for a market claiming that it

2 A. Rowntree, 1956, "The History of Parliament House" (unpublished radio talk). o 3 AOT PWD 261154. 4 L. Ryan, 1981, pp.15-16.

July 1992 PARLTAMENTARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 74 Arstral Archaeology Flightpalh Architects o o

HISTORICALANALYSIS

-4 \t { o

/A + o / v2iltam..nt,. / \{ t rlo!53 t /+" rfrrj :* I

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Figure 3 Approximate position of the shoreline prior to reclamation. o

PARLI.AMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PI-AN July-15 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

involved 'a walk in the countrv' to reach it 5. The site then was not o considered central and there is no'evidence that this south-west corner of the Cove received much European attention until New Year's Day, 1820 when the then Lieutenant Governor William Sorrell had a piece of ground fenced in "at the end of Davey-street" for a Saturday market. Settlers were permitted to beach their produce-laden craft on Market mornings only "at the Extremity of Mirray-Street" where a market wharf *as-propoied to be o built6. The authorities were anxious lest this shore became a landing area for smuggled goods and the market may have been discouraged. In all events it must have been forgotten when the azette attacked Arthur's choice of site. The shoreline of this part of the cov but largely unused for more than a roadway before the land- of the 1830's. o The Temporary Custom House

The first building erected in the precinct was a fairly makeshift structure consisting of two conjoined single storey three roomed cottages on- Davey ,I" Street. It appears on one Hobart plan of 1824 [marked in Figure 4] and in L826 there is a description of it by the Colonial Architect, Lambe, who notes o ows its simple himneys at each te that this is not of the military government. The original function of this structure is unknown but by 1827 Lieutenant Governoi Arthur was forced to use it as the custom house for o which it was far too small and unsuitable 8.

At the same time the Colonial Tieasurer and Surveyor-General were also installed in this temporary building and were there for up to three years. Management of Cuitomi had bein difficult in the extr6me for thd Van Diemen's Land Governor who had no direct responsibility for appointment o of officerse.In 1,824 Dr. Edward Bro of the Colonial Fund and Naval O handling of thousands of pounds inco status of spirits in the colonies re smuggling and local distilling, the lat After the Bromley debacle, Arthur managed to get permission to separate o the offices of Naval Officer and Tieasurer but failed to get his own appointees ratified. The Colonial Office's choice as Customs Officer, Rolla O'Ferrell, noted more for his chic than his patient application, must have been appalled at the lowly office accommodation. He was still working in the temporary building in 1832 when he was caught with his fingers in the till and sacked. o

The New Wharf and Custom House

The southern shore of Sullivans Cove was deep enough for the large vessels and reasonably sheltered. In 1826, the'Land-Commissidner had recommended its development as a deep water port and had suggested that a o

5 Colonial Times, 8th May 1834. 6 Hobarl Tirwn Gazefle,25th. December 1819. 7 CSO IltO71259712: No.23. o SHistorical Records of Auslralia.trI. 6, p. 294. 9 A. Hudspeth & L. Scripps, 1990,, pplOff.

July 1992 PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 16 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archilects o a

HISTORICALANALYSIS o

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NI o s L'i o 1 Figure 4 Plan of the area in 1824. The first building erected in the precinct was a fairly makeshift structure consisting of two conjoined single storey o three roomed cottages on Davey Street [on the allotment marked "I"]. (Hobart Chart 12. Lands Department)

PARLIAMEI.IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'77 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirecrs o

IIISTORJCALANALYSIS

Custom House should be built at the approximate site of the present Kelly's o Steps 10. That same year John Ire Archer was appointed as Civil Engineer- and, arriving in 1827, was relieved of his expected duties as Inspector of Road Gangs to concentrate on architectural design, particularly of the new southern wharf development. Four months after his arrival Arthur was able to despatch Archer's first design for the New Wharf with a m House built on land fill below the Cottage Green estate. Ne ly o enclosed government timber yard was mooted as theft of a serious problem on the waterfrontll [Figure 5]. Construction of the wharf complex and the new Custom House was aping o :J:i down ground which has retained is original thick forest. The southern shore of Battery Point is steep with little room to build the warehousing and control and supply offices of a deep water wharf 12 . Work on the New Wharf started in this year but in 1831 land owners on Battery Point with property adjacent o to the harbour requested that their I nd be cut level with the wharf for a distance of some 100 feet to accommodate port buildings. The rubble from this operation formed most of the fill that was dumped in the south west corner of Sullivans Cove providing the northern part of the future Parliament House site, the ParliamentaD' Gardens and the start of Morrison Street. o Archer submitted his first finished plan for the Custom House building for approval in June 183013 and in that same year stone began to be quarried for it from the Government's quarries on the Domain 14. Work on the footings and the brick vaulted cellars was well underway before his revised design, much shortened, was approved in a two storied Classical Revival building, is long ample o secure cellarage in the basement for dutiabl ted the horizontality of his design by specifying heavily banded rusticated masonry on the ground floor with widely spaced and easily secured small square windows. The upper floor was of fin sash windows. The building lies at a and Murray Street necessitating o peculiarity was successfully disguis position, although not quite parallel t give a fine vista to ships airiving round Battery Point and allowed the building to lie along the contours of the newly-filled site [Plate 2].

The ambience of the o sheds erected in the House although they wharf was soon covered with sheds, timber and the paraphernalia of a working dock and the whole area was reportedly pervaded by the stench of whale oills. o

10 AOT CSO 7/ rO7 t2597 t2. 11 Hislorical Records of Australia, III, 6: pp.379-83. 12 Huggins aquatint is reproduced in C. Stone & P. Tyson, 1978, p.93. 13 AOT CSO u463tr0297. o 14 Hobart fbu'n Courier, 2nd May 1830. 15 Hobart Tirwn Courier, 2nd July 1841. rr$v tooz PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVA]]ON PLAN Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICALANALYSIS o

o a o o ) a, o

o t o

Figure 5 John lre Archer's proposal for developing the New Wharf 7827. Tliis plan did not go ahead. fhe'te-porary Tieas^ury-and Custom House are o clearly shown at centre. (Hobart Chart 9, Lands Department)

PARLIAMENTIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Arstral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirecrs 79 o

HISTORJCAL ANALYSIS

The Custom House while still incomplete was ready for partial occupation in o the south wing in 1840. In 1841 the Custom Department was finally moved in along with the Legislative Council, which had met since 1.825 in Government House, Franklin Square. This initiated a long process, continuing for more than a hundreil years, of governmental administration co-existing on this part of the water-front with sea-trade concerns until direct linla wilh port business were gradually lost. o SL Mary's Hospital

The temporary Davey Street Custom House was not abandoned but converted to stables for mounted orderlies, receiving an addition at right angles to the north-east end. A two-storied house was built on land to the o north-east along Davey street leased in 1844 to John Abbott, Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages [Figure 6]. In 1843, the building of a was supposed o regular small seamen and bathhouse facilities were to be available and it was hoped eventually to use the hospital as a School of Medicine for colonial students. The mover behind this scheme was Dr. Edward Bedford who had been running such a hospital already in fairly restricted rented premises in Campbell Street since 1841. Because of o for a new building could be raised from subsidised the enterprise by maintaining minimal cost on the south-western part the Irgislative Council voted f2,000, or two thirds the building cost, and stone from Kangaroo Point was allowed to be quarried free of charge. o The grant was effected in 1846 and the old Custom House was partially demolished. Quarters for mounted orderlies are still listed in the 1854 General Directory of Hobart Tirwn as being between the hospital and the Registry and must have been housed in the north-east half of the building [Figure 7]. o The hospital was designed by William Powell Kay, the Director of Public Works, in a restrained Perpendicular Revival style. It is not known if it was constructed as originally planned. Certainly there is evidence to suggest that some alterations were made16. The existing building consists of a two-storey rectangular facade which is o dominated by a central porch with an obtuse four-pointed arched doorway. There are embattled parapets above the door and on the roof-line between the flanking projected gables. The windows and the Salamanca Place door have square hood-mouldings and ing the string course, the para of regular, squared, pick-faced the o actual Kangaroo Point stone

Construction began in mid 1847 and the hospital started service in 1849. Although not particularly profitable, the hospital successfully treated a o 16 See Technic 10 Report, pp52-54, for copies of 1846 plans of the building which differ from the present layout.

Julv 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 2Ci Austral Archaeology Fligbtpath Architccs o o

HISTORICALANALYSIS o J o

o -trl

rs ,\3 n \/ o o

Figure 6 Plan of the area c.1840. This shows (from top to bottom) the temporary Custom House (converted to quarters for mounted orderlies), an o unidentified rectangular building at centre, the Archer Custom House and the Markets. (Hobart ihart 19 c.18I0. Lands Department)

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HISTORICALANALYSIS

growing number of patients without financial loss until 1855. After then o rising costs kept paying patients away and the hospital had deteriorated beyond the point where it could remain as a private institution. Dr. Bedford left after the closure of the hospital in April 1862 and the building was resumed by the government to house various of its departments. Private Enterprise in the Precinct o While St. Mary's Hospital was struggling to establish itself, private businesses were founded elsewhere in the vicinity. These were often dependent on, or related to, maritime trade. The Old Market a

Seaward of the Archer Custom House on the site of the present Parliament Square gardens, the Old Market was not a place of beauty. Denison had been so shocked by its disreputable appearance that he built a new market, for foodstuffs in particular, on the sile of the City Hall which opened in 1854. On Tuesdays and Fridays the Old Market continued selling bulk items, coal, o wood, stock feed, livestock and machinery and other goods that needed shipping for transportlT. The long, low brick building, consisting of_thirty booths opening onto a verandah, had its back turned to the Custom House and lay a . Nevertheless, the noise and smells would ha rly upon the first floor lnng Room which ov used for Parliamentarv debate from o 1841.

The market site was also leased for commercial operations, notably as a wood yard site for J.C. Tolman and Son who operated on and off here from 1847. Their steam-powered circular saws and the general racket of a busy wood yard must, again, have made their presence felt to the Members [Plate o 41.

The market sheds were allowed to become dilapidated and the site was generally an eyesore until the remains were levelled in 1899. With the prospect of Federation there was considerable lobbying for a 'fitting frontage to the Parliament House' 18 A sum of f1,400 was voted towards landscaping o the new gardens which, by 1902, had beds shaped and planted and held a series of spindly saplings that today are the spectacular lime Qilia) trees of Parliament Square [Plate 5]. Seedsmen and Agricultural Suppliers o For over a century the Parliamentary precinct held businesses concerned with garden and farm supplies, seeds, tools and fertilisers. Charles Cresswell started as a seed merchant in 1840 in Murrav Street at what would be number 8, now under the State Offices. He was closely linked to Frederick Lipscombe, another seedsman, whose daughter he married and who for some time shared the facilities of Cresswell House, the shop built in 1856. Shortly a before demolition in 1965, the building was described as being of brick and stoDe with two main floors and an earth-floored basement below Murray Street but opening onto the level of the lane-way running through the centre

a 17 Walch's Tasmanian Almanac 1863 p. 108 18 Cyclopedia of Tasmaniil 1900 p71.

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HISTOR]CALANALYSIS

O i

qli rl*l I ^Y .IIfr R^ o Nvl I 7ot' I

q o ) o a o

{r t.. r- 1- o \ s \ s \-3 \ \

\ o 'a \ N \ o

a) o AOl6W/1 Y

t{J \ q o ( = I^g q{ qs ] -c c.t \c .Aar1/s llospital \^l a ^f! a

Figure t-a-ngled addition to the tempor e for fallen women) at and Marriages O centre, Deaths c.1860 at top. (AOT)

PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July'23 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Architects o

HISTORIC.AL ANALYSIS

Georgian a four sash row block

The Cresswell business was prospe o

at home and abroad 21. Cresswell House remained as a seed store when it was occupied by Young and Co. in 1898 [who also rented no. 12 as a tool O warehouse] and by Peaice and Pearce in L9I2 until 1956 when it was bought by the State.

On the other side of the precin ace, on the site of the present Government Prihters double-storied brick warehouse and yard of the Anglo-A Company. From the o 1880's imported guano, bone-dusJ and sulphate of ammonia was sold almost in the back garden of Parliament Housez.

Other Businesses With the exception of the premises at no. 6, Salamanca Place saw little o commercial development. The site of to the old St. Mary's Hospital w-as reserved for pu 1854 and the government iesumed the northern p i o nt Government Printer's Office in 7872 [buying he warehouse in 7937)2?. o

bootmakers, a dentist and hairdressers. In the 1890's it became a restaurant and acquired a decorative double-storied iron-lace trimmed balcony on the a Parliament side and another projecting over the foot-path of Murray Slrget [Plate 6].At some period it-acquired a bake-house at the rear behind the Parliament stables which was condemned in 194e4.

A more prosperous and stable business was Ferguson and Co.'s wine and spirit stores at no. 10 whose bandsome shop had an arcaded glass-fronted o ground floor and first floor facade of sandstone ashlar blocks. No. 12 was similar in appearance to Cresswell's and Ferguson's, stone-faced, hipped-

19AOTPWD26Ll54 20lyelsglbellhsania-l 93 1 p79; o \f,hlch's Tasmanian Almanac. 1853 p79; Mercury 17 Jan 1873 21 MacPhail ,1857 p13; Morton. 1887 p70 22 Hobart Directory. 786-7 p2I 23 Tlrsmanian Government Gazelte,3l Aug. 7937, p2445 o 24 AOTPWD261,t54

July 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN 24 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICALANALYSIS o

M U R fl Y S T R t t.T ^ o

o "H t5. \ -1"-., o

a F o u tt' r. ...; 1 o

Figure 8 Detail plan of the Old Market booths and areas leased to private businesses c.1880. (AOT) o

PARLIAME}IARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects 25 o

HISTORICALANALYSIS

roofed with O coherent, if with shops, Morrison, o trustees of the estate of George Adams, the fo The next blocks, numbers 14 and 16, both belonged to the Askin Morrison o grant. The first held a small single-storied building on Murray Street with at least two shingle-roofed sheds or stables at the rear. It held various fairly short-lived enterprises, among them a bootmaker, a real estate agent, a furrier and a plumber, and appears to have fallen vacant form the beginning of World War 1. No. 16 was conveyed to the Crown in 1881 to provide for expansion of government offices and temporary accommodation for the o .qovernmentgovernment printer. An aerial photographphotosraph taken inii the early 1930's [andland too obscure to reproduce here] shows three separate buildings on the block in a neat garden of which only the central may have been residential, the others being shingle roof shedss. No. 16 is listed in directories occasionally between 1890 and 1908 as housing small shops which may have been leased form the State. o

Parliament House 1856 - 1901

I-n November, 1856, the first bicameral Tasmanian government was formed which meant suitable accommodation was necessary. It was decided to stay o in the Custom House buildine but the Director of Public Works, William Powell Kay, architect of St. lfrary's, was required to modify the building to house an enlarged I-egislative Council and the new House of Assembly. The Ilng Room bEcame ihe Assembly Chamber and the narrow building was enlarged at the rear to accommodate a new l-egislative Council Chamber north of the Long Room on the first floor. This room, wood-panelled with a o painted ceiling, is one of the few spaces to escape the later ruthless modernisation processes that have turned the old building into a confused rabbit warren of ill assorted spaces and styles.

Until well past the year of Federation, however, little permanent alteration affected the Parliament building. The southern part was still occupied by the o Customs Department who were not to move out until L903 when their new building in Constitution Dock was ready. Some confusion also existed about the implications for accommodation of Federation and the existence of both Commonwealth and State Parliaments. In 1891 there was a problem with an accretion of and the care o Assembly. T altering the structure of the old room the I*gislative Council President's room in 189826.

The Govemment buildings in Davey Street o When St. Mary's Hospital was acquired by the government in 1862 it was quickly modified, particularly in the basement, to accommodate the Survey Office. This rapidly increasing department had been housed in Parliament o 25 Phoro TMAG Q2444 26 Parliamentarl'Paper 1891 p144 s;tv ttsz PARLIAME}fIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS a House, an impossible situation after the introduction of bicameral long two storey extension was commissioned u'ith tage-to Davey Street for the Government Printer's completed in 1863, cut through the already diminished remains of the original temporary Custom House building used as stabling until 1855. After this time this single storey building h-ad o functioned-as a refuge for "fallen" women and so continued to do even after the new Prin taken in the 1860s gives a glimpse of the little n the new extension and the old Registry of iages [bought in 1855 by a solicitor, Frederick Lees] [Plate 7]. The 1863 alterations to the original hospital and construction of the extension involved deep basement excavation disturbing o evidence of previous activity in the immediate area27. The Government Printer's new offices [Buildings B and C on Figure_ 9] proved inadequate and a further rear extansion was commissioned in 1881 [Building D]. This was poorly built with bad drainage and the deep_basement was always-damp. Purchase of the guano store block at no. 6 Salamanca o Place was consiilered for a better f'remises for the Printery but nothing serious was done until after the Second World War, apart from a small extension [G] in 1909. The Lands and Survey Department did considerably better with_a new wrng being added for them-to tlie old St. Mary's building in 1883-6 [building F]. o Forming the Salamanca Place facade, probably to allow light to enter the Mary's design, reproducing the mouldings on the windows of the old poor quality, is darker, probably co wing made no concession to the o preliminary extensive terracing. The r at the rear of the present Government Printer's Office. It is massive but not well built. Part of the terracing system collapsed in I9I7 at the rear of extension G, perhaps from poor drainage, and had to be rebuilt 29.

While the building of the Salamanca wing was underway, the facade of the o Government Prini-er's Office was demolisied and a larg6 new Davey Street extension [building E] erected in 1886-7. The last remnants of the old Custom Hduse disipptiared as well as the ex-Registry building next door. The Davey Street diirg, built of the same stone is the Salama-nca wing, is taller than the other building with its castellations and mouldings but it is a less happy mixture of historic styles. The St. Mary's Tudoresque door has o become Romanesque, the top central window is in an unrelated gothic style ornamented by a grid relief and it is surmounted by an elaborate gable.

This new accommodation was for the Mines Branch of the Lands and Survey ce of mining to the State's artment in 1894. The Mines o during which time internal untouched' The modifications are detailed in the *iot"ffitfftt? fJ|3'lTt o 27 A cletailed construction history is available in the Technic 10 repon on the site. 28 Technic 10 1983 p219 29 Lands Depanment Field Notes for Hobarr \'7125

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HISTOR]CAL ANALYSIS

rQTz:Bl#r E CnE60Y!,t ffi g rr r'{lo?a t€}Ev cNv'I. o

SUILDING BLOCK IDENTIFICATICN PLAN o

lic: 70 sclLE

Figure 9 Schematic identification plan of St Mary's Hospital (A) aqd adEitions for State office accommodition (source: Teihnic td Pty. Ltd., 34 Davey Street West. Alterations for the Law Department, Hobart, 1983, P. 78) o

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HISTORICALANALYSIS

2.2 Part TWo: The Tbentieth Century Private enterprise and Government resumption o A vivid portrait of the commercial premises of Murray Street is drawn in the Tasmanian Mail. 13th July 1911; page 13. The restaurant at no. 6 had become the Victoria Coffee Palace ii 1906 run by a Mrs. Parsons. She had lodgers too as one of them was woken at 4 a.m. on a Sunday morning to see Young's tool store next n the llate and iron roof o was rented by the City and uniforms and bv a

job for the fire brigade was to rescue the seed store at no. 8 and eight or "corrugated iron stable on the other o string of beasS were successfully transferred to the safety of St. David's Park while attention was given to sairing the Ferguson building's neighbours a-n{ "the long range of sfingte-covered-sheds at-the back". Ttr.-e Utue alcohol-fed flames and the upper floor of no.72 where all was trombone [Plate 8]. The lower floor, full of was saved and, before leaving, the o firemen cleaned and oiled the salvaged machinery to prevent rusting by water damage.

All were insured and Fersuson's rebuilt in brick with a concrete floored basement opening onto thirear lane. By 1959 the business was thriving qnd diversified;-the basement, for example, was fitted out with cheese maturing o racks when the government took poisession. Ferguson's were reluctant to sell and, after accepling f40,000 for- their premises, negotiated to keep leasing 30 until their occupation was terminated in June 1961 [Plate 9]. Young's implement warehouse at no. L2, on land belonging to the Tattersall estate]was bemolished and the block ras sold to the Goieri'ment in 1920 for o f2,65G1. Their seed store at no. 8 was bou.ght by Pearce and Pearce who carried on the business but sold out willinsii to ltre Government in 1956. Either because they were so eager, or becals-e the building was much older than Ferguson's, they received only f18,000. The Public Works Department took ovei the lowei floors and a commercial artist from the Agricultural o Department the upper. No. 6 became a fruit shop and confectioner also housing a hairdresser's shop. The Battins of "Battins Bizz" took ovr r for a decade in 1927 then sold it to the State who rented it out. The business continued after a fashion but the building was not well maintained; the bakehouse was condemned in 1940; in L942 tbe wooden rear extension was quite rotten and by 1955 the Health o Inspector had condemned the whole premises and it was scheduled for demolition. o 30 AOT PWD 261154 31 AOT PWD 145/42

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HISTORJCALANALYSIS

This lack of concern for maintenance on the Government's part may have o been part of a deliberate policy of reclaiming control over all the premises in the biock. In 1920 the oid brick gua ro waiehouse in Salamanca Place was owned chanan. The Public Works ng negotiations as "little buy the premises, threatening resumption if Mr. Buchanan remained stubborn32. Mr. Buchanan o instead sold to tf,e Tasmanian Orchardists Company who remained until State purchase in 193733.

By 1959 there was no private ownership in the precinct and the Director of puUtic Works referred in memoranda to the coicept of "the Governmental Block"34. However, this concept may well have been under consideration o since the development of the old Si. Mary's site and the resumption of adjacent blocks. Government purchasers, in their negotiations, never aPDear too eager nor too generous in-their offers. Acquisition was slow and patient bu! when it was complete in the 1950s, the character of the precinct was radically altered. o Number 12 Murray Street: Department of Social Welfare when the vacant land at n lectric Department was a growing ted in 1914, its status as a public times o before the creation ofihe Commission n 1.929 fWettenhall 1968 passim]. Its fast growth meant that the original rented premiies in Collins Street was very overcrowded by 19203s.

The showpieces of Government, Parliament House and Government House were 'going electric' n L920 and there were obvious attemPts to present the o new Hydro-Electric Department premises as eleqant and establishment rather that ulira-modern, perhlps to orrLrcome conservative consumer resistance36. An initial proposal for th-e new premises was to reproduce the old St. Mary's building on tne east end of the Davey Street frontage to present a symmetric stone facade along the whole block [Plate 10]. o The tenders for this plan were far above the allocated f16,500, mainly because the soft strata bf the corner block required excavation to between 12 and 20 fwFT.It was decided to transfer to the site of no. L2 Murray Street ' fi8f"T*fl"#:l a fac-ade to be, if o possible, of the same "good hard brown freestone" as the Davey Street premises38. The final design was a pastiche of features, not from the original Davey Street building, but from the Vctorian extension; for example, the

32AOTPWD L8n37 o 33 ParlienEntary-Papes-1950 no.68 Tbsmanian Government Gazette. 31 Aug L937 p.2A45 34 AOT PWD 261t54 35 AOT PWD 154 36AOTPWD 145143; AOT PWD 153 Oct 1920 37 AOT PWD 154 o 38 AOT PWD 18/737

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HISTORICALANALYSIS o Romanesque door and the chequer-board carving, but with additional elaborations, like the flanking polished grey granite shafts. Thus the 1920 Hydro-Electric building is ai ihirO rem-ovti from St. Mary's Hospital but maintains a specifically documented connection.

The successful tenderer, James MacKenzie, had no trouble with the facade, o having his own quarrymen and masons on staff to work the stone [of unspecified source]. However, steeply rising costs of other building materials were a problem, particularly of scarce Australian cement, so that he was forced t6 consider^importing it from Belgium, Sumatra or Japan. Perhaps for this reason the structure was eventually supported on brick, and no] concrete columns. Interior fittings were also expensive, with polished Thsmanian o blackwood panelling and stairways, so that final costs were well above tender at nearlv f20.000. The Secretarv for Public Works in his 192L-z Report to Pariiament was, however, 'well satisfied with the building. Questions had been asked in Parliament about the extravagance of a stone facade but the difference in cost between brick and stone had been amply justified because "the building when completed will be more in keeping with o all the other State buildings in the vicinity"3e.

Since this statement was made no similar attempt has been made to make a new building blend with the design of existing models in the precinct, with the exception of the wing extensions of Parliament House and perhaps, the new P.A.B.X. building. The design of the Hydro-Electric building was o inspired by some elements of the Davey Street complex with mixed results, but it did not ignore nor overwhelm its environment as its neighbours were to do.

Little change was made to no. 12 when the Agricultural Department and the Forestry Commission took it over in 1938. Demolition was threatened in the o early 1960's but the facade was saved&. During the construction of the State Offices at no. 10 in L966, the whole building was propped up on steel needling and the old footings were dug out and replaced beneath the sub- basement at a deeper level41. When the State Offices were ready for occupation attention could be paid to renov Social Welfare department had been existing o since the fifties in no. 6 Salamanca Place, t the Munay Street building-suitable-for.their needs m-ajor overhaul of the -a- premises was commissioned in L973. Although the blackwood panelled first floor suite was saved, the renovations were not sympathetic, with false ceilings cutting across the window openings, the wooden window frames with their Huon Pine sills being replaced with aluminium and the o standardised office conformations of the period installeda2.

The Eastern Section: Davey Street Public Buildings

In 1936 the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works received o and approved a proposal to erect a three-storey building on the now vacant @rner block of Murray and Davey Streets. The new office building would adjoin and connect to the stone-faced Davey Street offices and would

39 Parliamentary Papen t927-2pt9 o 40 Parliamentary Papers t964 no 14 41 Depanmenl of Construction; State Office Building Progress Reporr No. 1 (pamphlet) 1967 42 Parliamentary Papen 1973 no.43

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IIISTORICALANALYSIS

accommodate various departments such as o and Agriculture all of whom were clamouri for the Government Analyst was not app given the go-ahead the following year after Construction commenced in 1937 and was completed by 1939.

The original plan was a modular concept allowing for five stories with the o uppermost set back from the facade. It would lend iself easily to subsequent additions and even for the proposal, put forward in L947, that it be extended along to Salamanca Place after demolition of the old stone buildings4. The 1936 design was not as aggressive as this suggestion but, although compatibleln terms of height, i-ts design made no re-al concession to those of its neighbours on the block. It was a concrete framed building with concrete o floors and a cladding of reconstituted stone. Its rounded corner, flat roof and balance ofclean dern and had no conscious histori ion project built by labour who the resolutely f6rward-looking the proposal to continue it along Davey Street was mooted, this same desire to look forward o and to reject the past was very pronounced. In this year the fifth floor was added, although n-ot recessed as on the original plan but defined by a cornice, and the whole street facade was re-clad4s. The recladding was apParently undertaken to provide deeper window reveals.

When the State Offices were ready in 1969, the Public Works Departlnent o and the Thxation Department moved out of the Eastern Section. Major renovations were proposed in 797I to prepare the corner building to accommodate the Hbalth Department. Hitherto it had been felt to be poorly insulated, over-heating in the summer and with faulty under-floor heating in winter and it was also very noisy. An interior renovation project was approved to make it more flexible and provide greater o with double-glazing and air-conditioning. The consult Hartley Wils-on anE Associates who triO Uuitt the S ideas for the interior conformed closely with the standards of their new office building in proportion and finish6. o 2-4 Salamanca Place; the Government Printer's Office

The accommodation for the Government Printer's Office in the old Davey Street extensions had never been satisfactory. It was damp, dark, congested and because of the multiplicity of levels and areas, difficult to supervise. The building of a new pr"mt". ii Salamanca Place had been propoied in 1938 o but the idea had had to be abandoned because of the war47. The proposal was resubmitted n 1,946, foundations were completed within the year but the post-war dearth of materials like reinforcing steel meant a hiatus in the project and a big rise in costs [from f43,000-in 1938 to a lowest tender of f772,540 in 1950]. This was exacerbated because competition for day o

43 Parliamentary Papers 1936 no 4;7937 noZ; AOTPWD 153 44 Parliamentary Papen 1947 no.8 45 AOTPWD 154; RAIA Architectural Guide to the City of Hobart O 46 Parliamentary Papen 1971 no.50 47 Parliamentary Papen 1938 no.7

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HISTORICALANALYSIS o labour, an inexpensive source of man-power in the Depression, was no longer "practicabls"48.

Building proper got underway in 1953 when the successful contractor, A.B. Moore,-erecied -a three stoiied building with basement warehousing of reinforced concrete. The design is basic and unimaginative with trivial O embellishments of red granite facing badly applied. The construction, although massively stron{witb deep co-ncrete basbinent flooring, was sloppy and rushed4e. In 797L, the plaster internal finishing which had been applied directly to the concrete slabs, was drumming extensively and had been steadily falling off in dangerous chunks since 1955, the date of occupation. o The design was unwieldy too, with paper reception and distribution occurring at the same point and only one goods lifts0. Steadily increasing_ demands from departments like Taxation and Health and the possibilities of having to print Hansard and the Tel putting pressure on tha Government Printer's use of Paper storage. In 1960 a fourth floor was added and pr rd for re-location a to Warwick Street and outside the citv to Warrane in 1967s1. The staff objected to being removed from the heari of State Governmental activity and the proposals were dropped. The connection with State departments and Parliamint was felt to be iaramount a rd the Government PrinGr's Office has remained in its pink concrete edifice. o Number 10 Murray Street: the State Offices The old Pearce and Pearce and Ferguson buildings were used after purchase by the State for a variety of storage, temporary office and workshop uses, while the site of Kelly's shop at nb.6 was used for parking. However this general area had been earmirked from the fifties fbr a irUstantial State o 6ffices block to ease the chronic overcrowding and sub-standard accommodation buildings within the precinct and elsewhere. Other sites were considered; next door at no.72 Salamanca Place and the old Campbell Street Gaol site.

a time of tremendous growth in Hobart. A new road o nd the Tasman bridge were nearing completion. New public buildings su-ch as the Pofide Coirts, Library, Museum and Art Gallery extension, Gaol and University complex were all finished or nearing completion when planning for no. L0 was underway. State architects visited Syiney [1961] anO Melb-ourne [1962] to inspect high- rise buildings and to discuss their planning and design with experienced o personnel52. No other form of office housing was considered: the new building would form "the basis of overall development of the entire city block", the Chief Architect wrote in 1961. The development would reflect growth, dynamism and foresight replacing the humble and untidy remains of wharf-side commerce. Some lip-lervice was paid to the local historic environment. As noted above, the 1920's stone facade of no. 12 was saved o and, although a building of eighteen stories high would have solved all the Public Service's needs, a limit of 8-12 stories was set so as not to

48 Parliamentary Papen 1946 no.S; 1950 no.68 4e Aor PwD26u;6 50 ibid. o 51 Parliamentary Papen 1960 no 75; 1968 no.18; AOT PWD 26T/46 52 The major file relating ro rhis period is AOT PWD 261181

PARLIAME}I"IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrparh Archirecrs JJ o

HISTORIC.A,L A\,AL}'SIS

overshadow Parliament Hcluse too much. The Architects, D. Hartley Wilson o and Asociates, claimed to have taken note of Parliament House and the stone buildings in the precinct. Tbey hoped to reflect these "classical" forms and their rectangular proportions in their block design which was received enthusiastically by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Workss3. lf any doubts were felt they were concerned with traffic and parking; a multi-storey parking lot in St. David's Park with a walk-way under o Salamanca Place would, it wa- hoped, solve much of the problem. Originally the new building was to be only eight feet from the boundary of Parliament House and the President of the L,egislative Council protested against over- shadowing b1, this new block. However the basis for his argument lay to some extent in his fears that it would block Parliament's ou'n growth which he felt would be inevitable. The final design was moved back to thirty feet o from the boundary and excavation was commenced in July. 1966.

All the footings of the old buildings \r'ere removed along rvith the brick and stone terrace walls below no.12 and alons Murrav Street5a. The excavations in January/February 1967 were down 25--35 feet below Murray Street which reached to the solid Tiiassic bottom, effectivell' removing traces of previous o occupation in the immediate area55. The block accommodated three sub- ground floor leveis, a reception level raised on broad steps above Murray Street. ten floors of offices and a penthouse for 'u'asplant and a care-taker's otfice. To ar oid the expense of importing steel it built of reinforced concrete with an externalh/ exoressed $'indows were recessed to 'ettect frame. The avoid a glass curtain wall but the only striking embellishment rn'as the o dark polished marble facing of the ground floor [Plate 11]56.

In 7962, when plannins for this structure was underway, the Chief Architect of the Public Works D5partment had recommended thai it should not have to accommodate potential vertical expansion. Future development could be achieved b)' demolition of the old buildings on the Government block and o the erection of new buildings as necessarysT. A model for this expansion was norv available and would affect. in particular, the extension planning of Parliament House.

Number 6 Salamanca Place: the P.A.B.X. Building o The Deoartment of Social Services had led an uncomfortable existence on the site-of the old guano warehouse and yard since the mid-fifties. They operated from a converted two-storey brick and concrete office building that had been part of the *'arehouse complex. The Public Works Department had taken over the basement of the office and rvorkshop, the roof leaked and the rvalls were dirty and damaged-58. In 1961 the Child Welfare division escaped o to rented accommodation at 123 Murray Street but the Head Office had to wait until the 7973 renovations of. 12 Murray Street were complete. Behind the Social Services office building a small P.A.B.X. building had been completed but b1, the mid-seventies this was totally inadequate. o

53 Parliamentan Papen 1964 no.14; 1965 no.32 -54 AOT P\\'D 261i8 Aug 1966 - Ocr 1967 -5-i-Depanmenl of Conslruction. Stare Offices Building Progress Reporr no.1 1967 -56 Parliamentan' Papen 1964 no. 14 O -57 AOT P\\D 161,r-54 Ocr 1962 .58 AOT P\\'D 16l'-59

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HISTORICALANALYSIS o In 1975 the old brick building was at last vacant and it became possible to proceed wilh the erection of a new P. in such a way that services would no Laver Construction, called for the buildings and the construction of a fr concrete with double-glazed tinted a external walls were faced with golden Courts that had just been built over designers of tne P.AB.X building took care that in proportion and finish it sat h-appily with its neighbours, Pailiament House andihsCourts.

Parliament House o There had been many modifications to the old Custom House building_in the nineteenth century but these, apart from the successful additions for the Irgislative Couniil, had been ge-nerally modest and did not change radically- the external and internal character of the Archer building. The fabric had deteriorated to some degree and inadequate and blocked drainage had led to o flooding problems in the basement from water run-off. On the wharf side of the Archer b turned into attractive gardens with railings defining the perimeter. The e are dated round 1906 [e.g. there is a o Museum and Art Gallery collection time] and the layout persisted into the Les2l.

Minor modifications took place when the Customs Department moved out in 1903 and in L907-8 therb were alterations and new offices built for the o Legislativ ion was not relocation 1913] and to was propo could, it was Government offices or Law Courts @.

The first really major alterations were plannd n L937, less from a desPerate o need for more accommodation but "more in the nature of unemployment relief'records an informal note from Premier Ogilvie6l.

Extensive rear additions, designed by S.W. Blythe_, to "align" an-d "harmonize" with the old building provided for a new House of Assembly above with a library and offices below62. Joining the rear of the main o Parliament House building was an old weatherboard annexe. Nearby was a lavatory block and there were the old brick stables to the north'west. offices [Parliarientary-parliamentary Papers L937 no.35]. The annexe was demolished and for staff and members were incorporated in the new design. The old flagsibne-floored vestibule 'ith its Doric columns was broadened, the columns- re-positioned [and two cut up for stone]. A grand staircase was o built, plate gtasi Aoors add'ed and the flobrs surfaced in Imart gree! marble patterned rubber. Internal refurbishments were consciously modern and glamorous, for example, the Members' Bar had black etched glass panels and

59 Parliamentary Papem 1974 no-36: Department of Construction Conlracl 54-1'6-20-7 o 60 AOT PWD 153 61AOT PWD26L/49L 62 ibid

PARLIAMEI{IARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Julv 1992 Austral '35 o Archaeology Flightpath Archirecrs o

HISTORJCALANALYSIS

stainless steel tubular furniture. The old library, recently restored as a o reception room in the Thirties mode, gives a good idea of the sort of style prevalent63. It was proposed that the stables also be demolished but they survived until the mid-seventies alterations. However, iron railings separating the building from the rear roadway were taken away and replaced by an open lawne. O As with the contemporary Eastern Section in Davey Street, the depression- ridden Thirties did not encourage identification with the relatively humble past. Blythe's additions were sympathetic in proportion to Archer's design but an insensitivity to the hrough until recent years. In 1941 the Legislative requested that the stone floors and the stairs be re 56 the roof, which was in o bad repair, was re-tiled by Wunderlich Ltd. in modern dark-coloured tiles [admittedly slate was considered but rejected as it was over a f1000 more expensive]65.

The major renovations of 1977-80 combined a concern to restore the original facade and designs for rear additions and internal alterations that disregarded o the character of the original building. The introduction of Hansard meant further office ventilat overha replace wing a sandsto -storey of unsympathetic dark brick66. o

Internal alterations changed the spa contorted by the 1930s programme system required the installation of fa through the original wall masonry in such as the panelling in the House of o up-to-date design unrelated to ambience.

The extension specifications were explicit as to the proposed fate of the older buildings at the rear of Parliament House67. The last remains of the humble stables at the north end be demolished and their o road svstem. The tender pted i; April 1977 and there is no reason to doubt that the terms of the contract were fulfilled.

A reconsideration of these recent additions is now in progress and proposals to "regain and emphasize the architectural and historic significance of the o original 1830's and 1850's structure" are in keeping with resolutions to preierue what is left of the nature of this old part of the water-front68.

63 AOT PWD 261149 64 AOT PWD 267121; Dept. of Construction Specificarions C53.932-1 65 AOT PWD 26U27 66 Department of Construction Specifications C53-932-1 & C53-916-1 o 67 Department of Construction Specification C53-932-1 68 Philp Lighton Floyd Beattie, 1989

Julv 1992 PARLAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 36 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS o

o r-::

iE H o :iL '4' .r

o \t\ :l \ o Plate 1 Sketch of temporary Customs House and Tieasur),c.1830 (TMAG Ql1144)

PARLLA\ I E NTARY PRECINCT Jull l!)t)2 CONSERVATION PLAN .? Au-stral Archaeolo_gy Flighrpath Archirects -1 / o o

HISTORICAL AN,ALYSIS

o {

+ o

i'l. ! o ta I 'r lr l: { o {r Go-r la I IC F; , i rll, -: o

it: f\*

o r::ll ; Fo l.,-lj ,i'F=ll r,\ it -.::' ,/l -Wj-;'1 n .i: .t \ | ij.' --,' o

Plate 2 Plan and east elevation of the Archer Custom House. o (Reproduced in Smith 1962. p.26. Original AOT)

Jul r i,qql PARLL{I\4 ENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATI ON PLAN 38' Au-stral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS o t I o

,1r .+: l,& :n,. til ''_ . i q+i :a if.l.r o 'A.t:

o Plate 3 St Man"s Hosoitalc.1860 (Hobart Citl Council HCC 1860,'32)

PARLLA\IE\IAR\' PRECINCT CONSER\ATION PLAN Julr lt)t)l Austral Ar.'haeology Flightpath Archirecrs 39 o o

HISTORICAL.A\AL}'SIS

Plate 4 The Old Market site in front of Parliament House rvith woodvards o and sheds c.1865 (TMAG Q190)

Julr'1992 PARLIT\MENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 40' Austral Archaeologl, Flightpath Archilects o o

IIISTOR]CAL ANALYSIS o l ._1. 'f:a o

--r o -J 'i

I I o

htlI o a !'I rrR rl' 'i o ,i

Plate 5 The neu lv landscaped qardens of Parliament Square u'ith lime trce o saplines. 1901. (TN4AG Q12011).

PARLLA]\4ENTARY P RE CINCT C ON S E RVATI O s. P LAN Julr l9t)l Auslral Archaecllogr Flightpath Archirects -+l o o

HISTORJCAL ANALYSIS

.a t. !I f '.. o F.t. 'JI

o Plate 6 The opening of Parliament in 1935 by Sir Ernest Clark. View is to north west from the northern end of Parliament House up Murray Street. At left can be seen the sable of the northern end of the Parliament Stables. The building-witn the ornate iron lacervork is "Battins Bizz" located at No 6 Murray Street - now the site of the o State Offices. (TMAG Q15877).

July 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATI ON PLAN 42 Auslral Archaeology Flightpath Architecls o o

HISTOR]CAL ANAL}'SIS

l,- o -- =#---E-d.; o

Plate 7 View of corner of Murray and Davey Streets to south c.1890. Note the Government Printer's extension to St Mary's Hospital at right and the qable of the old Registrar of Births. Deaths & Marriages at left. (Hobart City Council HCC1890/i3). o

PARLL\\{ E NTARY PRE CIN CT CONSER\ATI On. PLAN Julr,'13 I9t)l Au-stral Aru-haeol ogv Fli ghrpath tecrs o Archi a

HISTORI C.AL .AI\ALYSIS

Plate 8 View of the stores on the south side of Murray Streel in July 1911 after a major fire. The occupants of the premises were (from left to right) Pearce and Co at No 8, Ferguson and Co at No 10 and Youn-es Tool Store at No 12. (Tasmanian Mail. 13th July 1911). These sites are now occupied by the State Offices and the old IIEC Department o building.

July 1992 PARLLAMENTARY PRE CIN CT CONN SERVATI ON PLAN 44 Archaeology Flightpath Architects Austral o o

HISTORICALANALYSIS o

o u Plate 9 View of th h side 1951.The remise Kelly at N at No Co Suildin e is now occupied by the State Offices a (Ilobart City Council HCC1950/9).

PARLIAME]..]'IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July'1992 Awtral Archaeology Flightpath Architects 45 a o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Plate 10 Proposed design for the Hydro - Electric building to imitate St Mary's Hospital in Davey Street, 1920. (AOT). o

July 1992 PARLI,AMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN 46 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS o

Plate Ll, View to the west of the State Offices at No 10 Murray Street, early o 1970s. (State Offices Library).

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PRECINCT o

3.1 Stnrctural Development of the Precinct An overview of the structural development of the precinct is shown in the o accompanying diagrams. t824. The first building constructed on the block was erected some time prior to 7824. It consisted of two adjoining single story cottages of wooden construction with a shingle roof. The initial function of the cottages is not o recorded, but they were used as a temporary Cr:stoms House from 1827 until the Customs Department moved to the Archer Custom House in 184L.

At this time the shore-line still ran alons its natural line. As a result the entire south-east corner of the current parliamEntary block was below water level. o tu9. By 1846 the temporary Customs House on Davey Street had undergone considerable renovation. A new wing- had been added to the south-east iginal structure had been partially St. Mary's Hospital building. The lly functioned as a stable for mounted o fuge for fallen women.

The St. Mary's hospital building, which was completed and occupied in 7849, is still extant ioday. Folloffing the hospital's closure in 1862) it was extended numerous times and occupied by a series of different government departments but the initial portion of the building has remained intact. , To the east of the temporary Customs House was a two storey house which had been erected some time prior to 7844. Like the temporary Customs House, its initial function remains a mystery. In 1844 it was leased to John Abbott and used as a Registry of Births, Deittrs and Marriages. The Registry continued to operate out of these premises until 1855 when the building was o sold to a solicitor.

Built in 1840, the warehouse owned by Creswell the seed merchants was the first structure on Murrav' Street. It continued to function as a warehouse until is demolition in 1965. o Two areas at the southern end of the block had been developed by 1849. The new Archer Custom House was completed in 184L and occupied by the Customs Department and I-egislative Council. Though initially designed as a Customs Ho'use, the buildingYs use as the seat of Pailiament jteadil! became its primary function. O To the south of the Customs House was the Old Market. This was established during the 1830s on reclaimed land and continued to operate in some capacity until just prior to the turn of the century when it was demolished. o

Julv 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRE CINCT C ONSERVATION PLAN 48 Ar:stral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

Structural Development PRECINCT o Parliamcntary Precinct 1824

o _--a

. Orieinal r,Vbtcr Lisc o

Teopor:r1 Crstons Houv o

Parliamentary Precinct 1849 \ o \

Srre'r \lufi3-s o

Cressucll Thc\r Sccd \lcrcbant R.s isrn'of Binhs. Dt:tbs * \lrri.recs \ i, o \\ z ,,__J q .{rcbcr Custom Houv

il | ' tJ Ordc;lrrs Stcb,lc tr l..I' o

o Salamaos Placc Figures 10 & 11 Structural development of the Parliamentary Precinct

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PRECINCT Structural Development

1946 o By 1946 the St. Mary's building had been extended along both Davey Street and Salamanca Place. On Davev Strer t it abutted the concrete office block on the corner of Davey and Mrinay Strees. This building was constructed during the late 1930s to house a number of different state government departments. As the St Mary's building was at this time occupied by State G6vernment Departments, ihe entire-section of Davey Striet was now o government ProPerty. rick the the eto o the south of the sandstone terraced wall behind the St. Mary's building.

At the southern end of the block the Parliament building had slowly been extending back into its yard and the lane area at the rear of the building. At the front of the building was the Parliamentary Garden. This and the small triangular park in the centre of Salamanca Place covered the area once o occupied by the Old Market.

1992 Possibly the most significant difference between the Parliamentary precinct today as opposed to 1946 is that the entire block is currently owned and wholly occupied by the Thsmanian State Government. o

Since 1946 only minor modifications have occurred to the exteriors of the buildings along Davey Street.

On Murray Street the Old Hydro-Electric building is still standing, though today it is next to the State Offices rather than privately owned warehouses. o The construction of the State Offices began in 1965 and was completed in L969.

The Government Printing Office is located at numbers 2 to 4 Salamanca Place. This reinforced concrete building was completed and occupied in 1953. To the south of the Govern nerii Printing bffice is the P.A.B.X. o building. This building was completed in 1975 and was the last building erected in the Precinct.

Extensions have continued to be added to the rear of Parliament House; the last major renovation and extension occurred between L977 and 1980 when a new wing constructed of dark brown brick was erected at the rear of the o building.

The Parliamentary Gardens have changed little since they were established at the turn of the century; today there are fewer gravel paths than was the case in 1946. o

July 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architecs o o

Structural Development PRECINCT o Parliamentary Precinct 1946

o DStFcl N/tuilai

hdiaoeot Hou o a

J ta c Salamanca Placc

Parliamentary Precinct 1992 a

.; e c E e E o * ,o

Parliamcnuw Gardcns o e

o Salamaoca Placc

Figures I2 & L3 Structural development of the Parliamentary Precinct.

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PRECINCT Significance o

3.2 Significance

o 3.2.1 Eistoric Significance place I and social ution exclusivelY at the reflects the admin o The location of the precinct close to the harbour reflects the historical importance of maritime trade and communication to the economy of the colony. o 3.2.2 Architectural Signilicance

The precinct is of minor significance as a microcosrn of architecural styles reflecting the significant periods in Hobart's architectural history.

The effort over a considerable period to reuse and reinterpret previous ter buildings on the precinct demonstrates c design of infill buildings. It also seryes to sides of the precinct. The L88617 extension to ric Departmtnt, the Parliament House wing extensions and the sandstone clad PABX all demonstrate a conscious response to earlier buildings. At a more abstract level the facades of the 1937 Health Department ale organised on Classical principles, despite the o deliberately Modern stylistic expression.

3.23 Environmental Significance

The precinct is significant because it makes an important contibution to the o historic to the b corners and the Parliament House and its return wings on Salamanca Place and Murray -of Street define the Sullivans Cove end the precinct. The adjoining infill o buildings are built to the street line and setbacks are defined by fences and walls. The concious use of sandstone and sandstone coloured finishes on most of the buildings also gives a unified character to the precinct.

The Parliamentry Gardens contrast with the hard edged of built form of the precinct and provide an appropriate setting for Parliament House. o

3.2.4 Archaeological Significance

aeological significance and This includes the area under o reclaimed from the cove and then used as a market.

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Conserration Policy PRECINCT o

33 Conservation Policy o 33.1 Creneral

The following conservation policy recommendations set out ways to retain or recover the significance of the precinct. The policies in this section are set at the precinct level. o More detailed policies are given after the statement of significance for each building. These policies identify uses that may be compatible with the the place, identify plVsicat and :ffi:"'fr:.h::93*:iffii for o These policies provide broad parameters that aim to ensure that development is likely to conform to the requirements of the Burra Charter. They will allow a preliminary assessmeniof the feasibility and impact of any required adaptation to the fabric to be made. The final impact of adaptation can only be fully assessed when functional requirements have been identified in some o detail, a feasibility design has been undertaken and the design of critical elements and junctions has been established.

External constraints on the redevelopment and use of the existing town planning controls. Guidelines for the future the orecinct are set out the Hobart Citv Plannir o Point Planning Scheme. The recently released also incorporates this precinct within is policy area.

Where significant fabric or spaces would be compromised, exemptions or variances from building code and statutory requirements should be sought. These requirements, particularly in relation to fire resistance, access and o egress oftbn conflict with conservation requirements for historic buildings. However the objectives of the code can often be met by means other than their prescriptive requirements. o 33.2 Use The Parliarnentary Prccinct should renrain as the focus qr{#^i:,::f:r:H be given a high hin the precinct o ":?,f l,lo'ni"?9fl',t:"ff;r?'"ii""o3'ffi"' future expansion that may be required to maintain the viability of Parliamentary uses.

rheintroductionof .new#;;f o pedestrian ".:yr:::#i#g:"(:#:x:trrr:;r*#rrinetwork that complements the existing streets Increased pedestrian permeability within the block will

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects 53 o

PRECINCT Conservation Policy

increase the opportunity for diverse uses with a finer grain than presently o exists, particularly at ground level.

333 Ownership

nhip of the precinct provides an opportunity for o development. As each building has a different set ;flf $.'J;:"li:",1'1fl ,;0,0""[;ilil,ff;ff"' i$"i3lxH: expanding or future uses.

Retaining the precinct in public ownership may provide more certainty that o appropriate and timely conservation work is undertaken. The long term lease or sale of buildings (apart from Parliament House) to a suitable commercial organisation may also achieve the conservation objectives for the precinct. An undertaking to carry out specified conservation work within a specified time frame would need to be a condition of any such arrangement. o

33.4 Consenation Requirements

Parliament House, the Parliarnentary Gardens, St Mary's Hospital the Health Commission and the Hydro-Electric Department all contain o significant elernents which should be retained and consented Figure 2a shows the significant buildings and areas that should be retained.

The design, specification and implementation of all work on these buildings from minor maintenance to redevelopment should be supervised by a conservation professional. All decisions about the future of the place should o be guided by the conservation policies and the statements of significance, in accordance with the principles of the Burra Charter.

o 33.5 Redevelopment Opportunities The State Offices, Goverrunent Printer, rear of the Hydro Electric Deparnnent and the PABX may be altered or dernolished and rcdaeloped Any external alterations or new buildings t the setting of the significant buildings and I o such work should therefore be supervise The sites which provide long term opportunities for future redevelopment are shown on Figure 2b.

O 33.6 New Buildings

New infill buildings should be designed to maintain or recover the significant historic character of the precinct The design of new buildings should achieve a clearly contemporary o expression. New work should complement but remain distinct from the

July 1992 PARLIAMEI{IARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architecls o o

Consenation Policy PRECINCT o historic buildings, so that the significant buildings mn retain their unique identity and integrity. The use of superficially historical design features and the replication of original detailing should be avoided.

The form, scale and height of new buildings should relate to the fonn and massing of the ex without being dominating or imitative. o Current planning a height limit of four stories for new development in the Precinct.

The setback, siting, plan form and orientation of new development should continue the scale and pattern of historic development. Views to and of the o historic buildings should be maintained. Additions to the significant buildings should be for uses which maintain or establish ongoing and compatible uses. Additions should not dominate or imitate the original. The junctions between new and existing buildings should be articulated, both in plan, elevation and detail. o Additions should where possible reuse the main entrances of the historic buildings for their principal access and public address. The creation of dominant new eDtrances should be avoided.

Links between existing buildings and between new and existing buildings should be constructed only where it is essential to enhance the utility and o circulation of the significint buildings. Physical links between buiidings should remain minimal and of ephemeral design. The junction of any links should be visually sensitive to the historical fabric and be reversible.

o 33.7 Vistas

Furure alterations to the State ffices and Govern nent Printers may provid.e an opportunity to recover the historic scale and continuity of the precinct and to arneliorate their intrusion on the visual setting of Parliarnent House. o

33.8 Internal Spaces

Apart from the Parliament House courtyard, vehicle circulation, service access, car parking and environme rtal services currently dominate the o internal open spaces.

Future service connections between buildings should be concealed internally or underground The current interconnection of buildings with service pipework is detrimental to the visual amenity of the interior open spaces. o Internal open spaces ,nay be developed for active pedestrian oriented acrtvities such as outdoor eating. The existing roadways, laneways and open spaces provide an opportunity to create a linked series of intimate urban places and would open the inside of the site to a variety of uses. The location and high level of pedestrian activity around the precinct would enhance the viability of such uses. A public orientation rather than o exclusively employee-oriented services wolld improve viability, divenity

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Julv'55 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o

PRECINCT Conserration Policy

and vitality. Such uses may also encourage greater evening and weekend use o of the precinct.

Active uses for the interior spaces, by giving specific users direct responsibility and involvement, may assist with ongoing upkeep and maDagement. By maintaining a pedestrian presence, active uses would also provide passive surveillance of the interior spaces which may be of value as o a security deterrent.

33.9 Carparking a

Acrtve pefustian use of the interior open space should have priority over carparking. Carparking is a passive use that restricts the opportunity for active pedestrian oriented use; and detracts from the visual amenity of the interior open spaces. Ground level car parking only provides a limited number of parking places in relation to the intensity of the existing uses due o to the limited open area, layout and access.

Furure red.evelopment within the precinct may include multi-level carparking within mixed use development. In this case carpark access from internal roadways rather than directly off Salamanca Place or Murray Street would be preferred to reduce visual and amenity impact on the streetscapes. At ground o level the exterior of carparking structures should include provision for uses which support active pedestrian uses.

33.10 Landscaping o Landscaping of the interior spaces may be undertaken to reinforce the historic character and to support active uses. The establishment of trees wilhin the site could improve visual and pedestrian amenity and to unify the spaces in the short term with little impact on existing uses. o Tiee species, furniture and finishes should be selected to reinforce the historic urban character of the precinct. Hard finishes and deciduous canopy trees may be most appropriate. The use of landscaping to fill Ieft over spaces should be a low priority. o 33.11 Archaeological

Archaeological investigation of the areas specified in the report is required if it is proposed that they be redeveloped The results of this work should inform conservation and/or development decisions about the sites. For that o reason archaeological investigation should be scheduled prior to redevelopment planning.

Julv 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 56 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

Conserration Folicy PRECINCT o

33.r2 Public Access and Interpretation

Increased public access to the interior for interpretation of the historical o consideration should be given to inte the precinct to the public via a include Parliament House, the Parli

Signage should include text relating the history of the place and historic ph-otolraphs. Signs should be sited to-gain maxinium effeci from comparison o with historic views.

PARLIAMET{IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'57 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrparh Archirects a

PARLIAMENTHOUSE Physical Analysis a 4 PARLIAMENT HOUSE

4.1 Physical Analysis a To identify the relevant areas of Parliament House referred to in this report, ser the Table on p67 and Figures 14 to 1.7 in Section 4.3.9 below.

4.1.1 Construction a Parliament House has undergone many major alterations and additions since it was first constructed as a Custom House in 1835-40. Consequently a number of different construction systems are evident throughout the building reflecting the different periods of development6e.

The oldest portion of the building was erected in 1835-40 (Area A;zo und O O of load-bearing masonry quarried from the Domain. It is a three level structure, the basement of which comprises a series of brick vaulted stores which extend across the width of the building. The main entry foyer on the ground floor, although substantially modified, still cnntains the original circular masonry columns supporting the timber floor above. The roof of this section is a pitched timber structure which is clad with slate. a

Additions were undertaken in 1856 to accommodate the Lesislative Chamber and offices (Area D).

1938-40 a The next major additions, for the current House of Assembly and associated functions, were completed in 1938-40 (Area.I). This work was executed in the contemporary Art Deco style. he structure comprises load bearing red brick walls and concrete floor slabs. Concrete (or brick) columns and beams support the floor to the House of Assembly. A pitched slate roof with large skylight covers the House of Assembly and flat sheetmetal roofs are o employed over the other sections

Internal fixtures and fittings for these additions are extensive and include steel framed windows with some etched glazing and a predominance of blackwood joinery. o The Murray Street end of the building was adapted at this time to provide a new entrance to the I-esislative Council in similar Art Deco fashion to the new Hor:se of Assembtvl Ttre Murra loadbearine brickworli with stone Similarlv tFe extension to the Salam 1938, was executed in brick with a a wing was further extended in the sa development was added in 1956-7 (Area N).

69 The history of lhe development of the building is described graphically in "Parliamenl House, Hobart" by a Philp Lighton Floyd Beartie, 1989. 70 This designation refen to the plans taken from Philp Lighton Floyd Beailie.

JH/ 1ee2 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Atstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

Physical Analysis PARLIAMENT HOUSE o

1978-80

Further major additions were comple three storey coDcrete framed structure o the original Customs House and envel Part of this structure, which has a flat protruding above the roof line, exte Government Printers.

The Murray Street wing was further extended o (Area O). It was designed, as had the previous matching stone facings and a hipped slate roof. an arche-d opening at ground level for access to the new building behind.

Extensive airconditioning of the building was also undertaken at this time. Acoustic tile ceilings wEre installed thriughout a large proportion of the o building.

To provide additional office accommodation the 1978-80 Parliament House additions were connected to the ground floor of the State Offices building via an "airport" style enclosed pedestrian bridge. This is a steel structure supported o on circular concrete columas.

4.1.2 Condition

The entire building appears to be in very good condition, having been well o maintained and continuously occupied.

The basement roonrs to the 1835-40 portion have minor damp problems and are lacking in sufficient cross-ventildtion both for their current use and for the conservation of the historic structural fabricTr. o

4.L3 Integrity

The building generally has a high de area is exceptionally intact, particula o public character of the building. Inte the original building and the 1856 I-e but unsympathetic furnishings and int the historic character.

lnternally the 1938-40 additions retain an identity that is quite distinct frgm o the original sections of the building. However, because they were engulfe! by the1978-80 sections they are nbw illegible externally. Although a high proportion of the pre-war fabric remains intact the low ceilings installed to conceal airconditioning ducts and other services, and the acoustic.treatment to the House of Assembly are unsympathetic intrusions which have compromised the integity of the spa€s, o

71 Also discussed in Philp Lighton Floyd Beattie, 1989.

PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrparh Architects o

PARLIAMENT HOUSE Physical Analysis o

The Salamanca Place replicate the external however, the orisinal favour of a narrdv ce spatial standards of the resultant spaces make them unsympathetic with the o character of the orieinal. The offices are small and the corridors are narrow and contorted, partidularly at the junction with the original.

The Murray Street wing, completed in two phases in 1940 and 1980 (Areas L and Q), also replicated the original exiernal detailing. The archway constructed in 1978-80 section is a fanciful and historically confusing o element.

Although these wing additions are of an apparently sympathetic character the rhythm and balance of the fenestration is poor and they terminate the building weakly. These additions do not achieve a contemporary expression and are indistinguishable from the original and therefore reduce its integrity. O

The 1978-80 dark brick additions (most of Area Q) show no apparent Tffiffi'r?: 'B#,1'ltr."'l olour arid texture these additions are intrusive and detract from the 1830s building. They are o particularly intrusive to the view of Parliament House from the Parliamentary Gardens. They also conceal the external expression of the 1940s additions.

The interior circulation spaces and offices of Area Q were designed and built to minimal spatial standards and do not reflect any of the spatial qualities of o the earlier portions of the building. The planning and layout of these spaces is rambling and disjointed, contrasting and detracting from the clarity and symmetry of the 1830s and 1940s areas which it encloses.

Expansion of the building via the bridge to the State Office building provides physical access to additional office accommodation. However these office o spaces have no sense of identity with Parliament House. Users of this area may feel both physically and psychologically remote from the activities of Pariiament.

4.L.4 Archaeological o

The Customs House was completed and occupied in 1841 and was the first recorded structure to be located on this site. Had anv earlier structural features lain below, they certainly would have been disturbed by the construction of the building's basement vaults. It was apparent therefore, that any archaeoloeical material within the site would be related to the Customs o H6use or is clirster of outbuildings and stables.

Within the original portion of the building there are several areas which are of some archaeological interest. The irst are the vauls which are located in the building's basement. These rooms were first used for the storage of dutiable goods, such as alcohol and are known to have had an interesting a

Judy 1ee2 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o

Physical Analysis PARLIAMENT HOUSE o historyzz. The floors of most of these vaults including the main vault, are still capped by large stone flags dry set into the ground. It is likely that these flagstones would have been laid prior to the initial use of the vaults in order it is therefore unlikely that any o ossible though that over the period have fallen between the flagstones :li&:il'l;xl'?#"J"Tffi concrete floon cap any archaeological deposis. '?,","#:: o The customs house was designed so the basement was at ground level on the western side of the building; this enabled easy access to the vaults when loading and unloading goods. Directly to the west of the original building was a yard which was enclosed by a lence; this yard contained a number of out-buildings including a stable [see Figure 11]. As the Parliament building was extended and renovated the out-buildings and yard were built over and o totally destroyed. Al present only two areas at the rear of the parliament building remain at a level con following the building's initial construction. These are ated to the north of the main library vault and the co n the southern wing of the building and the staff cafeteria. Both these areas are paved so nothing certain can be said about the deposits below. The fact that each of the areas o has several modern drains running through and that none of the historical out-buildings were located near either of these two areas indicates that they are both of a limited archaeological potential.

The basement area below the original southern wing of parliament house is no longer accessible due to the entrance being blocked off behind a plaster o wall. The entrance would have originally exited to the back of the building but now abuts the 1938 extensionT3. The original function of the three rooms in this wing is not indicated on any of the historic plans obtained in the research phase of this project. There is no way of knowing what lies within the rooms but further historical research may prove useful. The fact that the rooms have been sealed off for in excess of fifty years gives them an o historical significance. Courtvard in the Western Pa This Srick paved courtyard y the original ground level of the rear of the original Cust the presence of drains and the new 1970s wing nearby probably indicate that the ground has been o disturbed, this area may contain some pockets of undisturbed deposits related to the old Customs House. None of the available historic plans indicate historic structures in this area.

Car park adjacent to the Eastern Parliamentary Wing This asphalted surface is also at approximately the original ground level of o the original Customs House. This area may also contain some pockes of undisturbed deposits related to the old Customs House. None of the available historic plans indicate historic structures in this area although the stables were to the immediate north west. The most likely features to be present in this area are roadways and/or pathways providing access to the stables and the eastern wing, or evidence of gardens. o 72 A. Hudspeth & L Scripps, 1990, p. 12. 73 Philip Lighton Floyd and Beattie, 1989.

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 19912 o Auslral Archaeology Flightpath Archirecls o

PARLIAMENT HOUSE Significance o

4.2 Signfficance o 4.2.1 Historic Siguificance Parliament House is a building of exceptional historical and social significance. It is significant as one of the earliest extant public buildings in Hobart which remains today a landmark within the Sullivan's Cove area. o The building has been the seat of the Thsmanian Parliament since the completion of the original building in 1840. Many of the alterations and additions that have been since made are significant because they reflect important changes to the Parliamentary system including the establishment of bicameral parliament in 1,856, the advent of Federation in 1901 and o increases in the number of sitting members in both houses.

The second major extension to the building, completed in 1938-40 is historically significant because it included a separate enffance and hall for the Legislative Council (Areas L) and provided perrnanent accornrnodation for the House of Ass-ernbly (Area^J). This work was also considered o important as an unemployment relief project.

Parliarnent House is of significance because it was originally designey' constntcted and used as a Customs House. The prominent location and the orientation of the facade toward the harbour ieflect the importance of maritime trade to the economy of the colony. The extenuated form of the o building shows the importance given to the impression of the town when approached by water.

The vaulted cellars which are in uceptionally intact condition, retaining original surfaces, finishes and fittings are very significant because of their integrity, their evidence of history and their interpretive potentiaL o

4.2.2 Architectural Signifi cance

Parliament House is significant as a prorninent exarnple of an early Colonial Classical Revival buiding which survives with a high degree of integrity. It o was the major achievement of John Lee Archer, then the C-olony's Civil Engineer and Architect.

The pre-war additions (Areas J , K and L) are of architecnral value as a fine exarnple of the contemporary and forward looking "moderne" style which nevertheless contplernented the architectural character of the O Nineteenth Cenrury work They are significant in their thoroughness of execution and their high degree of integrity.

4.23 En vironmental Signilicance o Parliament House is a significant historic landmark buiding which is an key part of the heterogeneous group of Nineteenth Cenrury waterfront buildings which fonn the backdrop to Sullivan's Cove.

Iuy lee2 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Autral Archaeology Flightpalh Architects o o

Consen'ation Policy PARLIAMENT HOUSE o

The corner treatment and return wings of the building form a cohesive facade which extends the identity of the building from Salamanca Place to Murray Street and contributes to the physical enclosure of the Parliamentary o Precinct. Despite the surrounding heavy traffic, the building, set at the foot of the rising land and set off-by the broad sweep of the Parliamentary Gardens, projects a strong but restrained institutional image. o 4.2.4 Archaeological Signifr cance

Parliament House is archaeologically significant as it is likely to have intact archaeological d.eposits in sorne underfloor and outdoor locations. These deposits have tbe potential to reveal details of the construction, developrnent and use of the building since 1841. Such details may be unobtainable from o other sources.

43 Consenation Policies o

The following conservation policy recommendations set out ways to retain or recover the significance of Parliament House. The policies provide broad parameters that aim to ensure that development is likely to conform with the requirements of the Burra Charter. o Review

In 1988/9 the Department of Construction commissioned consultants Philp Lighton Floyd Beattie, Architecs, Engineers, Planners to prepare a two stage_ report on the short and long term ;trategies for future development of o Parliament House74. The key objective of the interim report was to improve the environmental conditions in the building. As a result the conservation objectives and policies provided are limited to areas and fabric directly affected by environmental services.

The final report includes an analysis of the structural development of the o building, an outline history and a brief statement of significance. The proposed conservation philosophy was "to regain and emphasize the ircliitectural and historii significairce of the or-iginal 1830's'and 1850's structure, acknowledging the impact of the irreversible 1940's structural alterations"T5. o The proposed conservation policies were limited in scope, dealing only with the internal spaces of sections that were considered significantT6. No guidance on broader conservation issues such as the removal of detrimental additions, the setting of the building, the management of change affecting the

a 74 Philp Lighron Floyd Beattie, 1989. /) Ibid p. 3 76 ttresi policies are reprinted in Appendix C

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATI ON PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects a

PARLIAMETIT HOUSE Conservation Policy o exterior or strategies for the future expansion of the building was provided. Some restoration, psrticularly of the 7938140 areas, has been undertaken on the basis of those recommendations.

Scope of Present Policies o The present study is based on the research and investigations outlined above, on additional research and on further site inspection. A more detailed statement of significance and a more comprehbnsive set of conservation policies for the complex has been developed. These are intended to replace the policies and recommendations of the previous reports. a No further conservation plan is required. However the design, specification and implementation of all work on Parliament House from minor maintenance to redevelopment sho professional. All decisions about m building should be guided by the con significance, in accordance with the o past significant fabric has been dest because of ad hoc decisions, lack of appreciation of significance or inadequate on-site control.

43.2 Use a

Parliament House shouW be retained in use as the seat of the Parliantent of Thsmania. It should continue to accommodate both the House of Assembly and the I-egislative Council and their associated support functions. The continuity of Parliamentary use is central to the historic and social significance of the building. At the same time the cultural significance of the a building supports the institution of Parliament.

433 Key Policies

The dominant architectural character of the buiding shouW continue to be a d.etermined by Archer's classical sandstone building of 1835-40.

The 1835-40 original building, the 1856 additions and the 1938-40 additions shouldbe rctained and conserved

The current layout of these internal spaces should be retained a

The aisting entrances to the House of Assetnbly and the Legislative Council should be retained in their present form and locatiort The vaulted basement roorns of the 1835-40 ateas which are in original condition and shouU be preserred in this condition Tbe least possible a physical intervention to all surfaces and fabric of these spaces is essential to ensure that none of the physical evidence of history, age and use is compromised.

In the short tenn the visual ilnpact of the 1980 dark brick ad.ditions (Arca Q) frorn the Despard and Murray Streets should be anteliorated by landscaping. a Large canopy trees between Parliament House and the State Offices would

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Consen'ation Policy PARLIAMENT HOUSE o effectively screen these additions from external views. See also short term policies for State Offices (Section 10.3.2). o 43.4 Restoration Policies for restoration were formulated by Philp, Lighton, Floyd, and Beattie. The following policies differ in respect of the 7938140 construction.

The intemal fabric of the significant sections (Areas A, C, E, E G, H, I, J o and K) of the buiWing should in the long tenn be restored The acoustic tirnber finishes to the House of Assenbly Chanber should in the long tenn be removed and the original (I%81a0) form andfinishes shouW be restored or reconstntcted o Non-original acoustic tile and fibrous plaster ceilings should be rentoved and the ceilings reconstructed at the original level.

Fire places may be reconst'ucted o 43.5 Reconstruction Reconstruction of the lantem to the roof over the members lounge ntay be undertal

The 1980 dark brick ad.ditions (Area Q) should in the long term be contpletely removed These additions are unsympathetic and intrusive both o internally and externally. Their removal will recover the integrity of the building as a whole, and the 1938-40 additions in particular. The 1940 form of the building approached the maximisation of the site potential. The 1980 work exceeded this potential to the extreme detriment of internal environmental and architectural qualities. As a result access to natural light and ventilation was blocked and circulation patterns became contorted. o The 1955-57 infiU sections (Areas M, N and O) may in the long tenn be altered or removed

The principal central axis defined by the 1938-40 additions should be maintained Circulation associated with future alterations should aim at a o simple and generous layout. The Salarnanca Place wing additions dating fiom 1938 and 1960 ntay be reconstructed internally to rcflect the arrangentent and qualiry of spaces set

PARLI,AMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Julv'65 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightparh Archirecs o

PARLIAMENT HOUSE Conservation Policy o by the the 1835-40 section. The layout should form a generous circulation zone on the inside of the wing with offices on the Salamanca Place side.

New work should achieve a clearly conlemporary expression but be sympathetic to the character Parliament House 6na tn| preZinct Ttre design philosophy of replicating Archer's 1835-40 building, as attempted in the o Salamanca Place and Murray Street wingp, is detrimental to the integrity of the original and should be avoided in future additions.

Further major additions to Parliament House should be located in a separate but possibly linked buiWing. The building currently occupies almost its entire site, is built over the lane behind and utilises space in the o State Offices. Without demolition of non significant areas further physical expansion of the building should be avoided as it would be likely to further exacerbate environmental, daylighting and circulation problems.

Demolition or refurbishment of other buildings in the precinct may provide the only opportunity for additional accommodation of Parliamentary o functions (see Figure 2b). An architectural strategy would be required to ensure that such additional accommodation retains a sense of identity with Parliament House and is differentiated from the administrative offices.

43.7 Archaeological Policy o

Underfloor and Roof-space Areas Intact archaeological deposis are likely to exist under the floors and between and under the flagstones in the basement of Parliament House. They may also occur in undisturbed roof/ceiling spaces if any are extant. o The archaeological conservation policy for these designated areas within Parliament House is as follows:

(a) Archaeological investigation is required in these areas as part of their conserttationlrestoration processes as these processes are likely to d.estroy any evi"dence they contairu o

(b) A prograrnme of archaeological sampling excavation should. be undertaken prior to any consertationlrestoration processes cornmencing. The results of this sampling proc€ss will determine the need for further archaeological work. Finds will almost certainly be limited to small artefactual material which should be recorded and removed for further o analysis and documentation. This programme will determine whether such artefacts are suitable for later return and display near to their original context.

It should be noted that deposis can collect between ceiling/floor spaces in uPper stories as well as under ground floors where no basements exist. o

Blocked-off Basement Rooms The roorns which were blocked off in the 1938 renovations of the western basetnent of Parliarnent House should also be investigated as part of funre conservation work These may provide information important to the conservation/reconstruction of the buik ing as a whole. o

Julv 1992 PARLTAME}.ITARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 66 Arstral Archaeology Flighlpath Architects o a

Conservation Policy PARLIAMENT HOUSE o Western Parliamentary Courtyard The courtyard in the western Parliamentary lling should be retained as a courryard

Eastern Parliamentary Wing Carpark o The carpark adjacent to the easiern Parliamentary Wing may be landscaped or re-used for other non-buiWing purposes after adequate investigation of its arc h aeo Io gic al po tentiaL o 43.E Public Access and Interpretation Public access to the Houses of Parliament and interpretative tours by fficial guides should be continued The cellar area in the basement provides a suitable area for the display-are of interpretive information. The vaulted basement rooms which in original condition are of excePtional interpretive value. Guided public access to these spaces may provide visitors a and users with additional insight into the history of the building.

The current sternal signage to Parliarnent House should be removed and replacedwith less intrisive signs. The two external signs on Murray Street and Salamanca Place are overscaled, poorly located and their colours are o unsympathetic.

43.9 Chronological Thble & Areas of Parliament House

This table should be read in conjunction with the diagrams on the follorring two pages. These provide a key to the different ar93s of Parliament House o discussed in the report.

CODE DATE WORKS REFERENCE A 183540 OriEinal Custom House AOT PWD 266.1548 B 1841, 1851 Long Room used as Legislative Council Chambcr from 1&11: remodelled 1851 HTA 22.6.1&11 for enlarged Council. HTA 31.12.1851 o HTA 2.1.1856 c 1856 Long Room converled to House of Assembly Chamber and other Ground Floor trrc 2.12.1856 and Basement Additions. D 1856 Ncw Lesislative C.ouncil Chamber and Offices. WP. Kay AOT: PWD 266.1567 E 189G98 Lesislative C.ouncil - President's Room FJ. HcVward F 1908 Lcsislativc Council - Alterations lo Press Gallerv. H. Westbrook c 1909 Leeislative Council - Members Room and Offices. H. Westbrook 47m o H 1935 Leeislative Council - Interview Room. 9394 I 1938 Additions to Salamance Place wins. S.WT Blvthe: A.H. TUcker 10327 J 1938.40 New Housc of Asscmbly Chambcr and Officcs; Eotrancc Hall and Stair; Library 10256 al Ground Floor. S.W.T Blvthe: A.H. Tircker K 1940 Old House of Assemblv Chamber converted to Members' Lounge. LO256 L 1940 Legislative Council- New Entrance; Hall and Staic Additions to Murray Street 10850 wing. S.W.T. Blvthe: C.D. Rose. o M 1955 Leeislative Council - Common Room. C.D. Rose. HIm./2 N 1956 Members'Dining Room and Bars. Hooe & Jacob o 1957 W.C. to Prcmier's Office. H 1m/6 P 1960 Furthcr additions to Salamanca Place wins. H 100/4 o 1978€0 Furrber additions to Murray Strect wing and major additions at rcar; Ubrary c53.932-1 relocsted. o Source: Philp Lighton Floyd Beattie, Parliament Horse Hobart. Report on Architectural and Engineering Strategies for Improvement of Environmental Conditions. Sept. 1989, Appendix E.

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAN ON PLAN Julv'67 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o

PARLIAMENT HOUSE Conservation Policy o

nnnn ndrln tt-\ A i\- nn o [-; ',| -!--t til #llI o t{" '

oAo o oo

r"..I B ott' n - o

Figures 74 & 75 Basement and Ground Floor of Parliament House showing o designated areas. (Source, Philp Lighton Floyd Bealtie, 1989, Appendix E.)

rty 1ee2 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architecs o o

Consenation Policy PARLIAMENT HOUSE o

I' Al E^rXK la I ll rr JL tn ll ,',ril ll ,"rn -tl l/V\ rr B.c&K lt ,, ll '. ll '. ll 't.1 ll tl .4, ll a i/ j-- l/L6tu ir_ .=;:. JLill Lu j :A=.i o rr rr -J 16 a r$_.L_ E_ -. __ o 'r-*--+ igtr 11 '' o

o J

'!l

o Figures L6 & 17 First and Second Floors of Parliament House showing designated areas. Source: lPhilp Lighron Floyd Beattie, 1989, Appendix E.)

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July'69 1992 Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirects o o

PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS Physical Analysis o PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS

5.1 Physical Analysis o

5.1.1 General

The parliamentary gardens were established immediately prior to Federation when it was decided to enhance the dienitv of Parliament House. Prior to the establishment of the gardens the site- *is occupied by a produce market o which had been in operation since the 1840s. The area on which the market and later the parliamentary gardens stood was originally below sea level but was reclaimed using land fill from Battery Point in 183L.

The market buildings were a combination of wooden and brick structures which were built oi'a level which was considerably lower than not only the o Parliament building behind but also the adjacent roads - Murray Street and Salamanca Place [Plate 4]. Historic photographs indicate that the area in front of Parliament House always had some form of vehicular access. Initially this would have been for horse transport which was then adapted for cars. The hedge and steps are o considered to be part of the Gardens. The hedge provides a physical and- visual barrier to the Gardens while the steps provide access. The height of the hedge is critical as it helps screen the cars from view when Parliament House is seen from the Gardens.

The present surface level of the garden is slightly higher than that of the o adjacent roads and has been so since the establishment of the gardens [Plate 5]. It is therefore possible that the footings of the market buildings have survived and remain intact several feet below the surface of the gardens [Figure 18]. This site should be considered to be of archaeological significance-and all deep excavation work done within the garden should be undertaken with due consideration for the site's potential heritage value. o

The gardens contain a perimeter belt of common lime or linden (Tilia) trees_ with four English oaks at the centre. These were all planted at the time of Federation. - o

July 1992 PARLIAMEI.i'IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 76 Austral Archaeologv Flightpath Architects o o

Physical Analysis PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS o

Overlay Of Former Market Buildings Oyer o ParliamentarV Gardens

Parliamenraq' Gardens @osr 1901) o

T o

Old Market (Pre. 1899) o

o Figure 18 Overlay diagram of former Market buildings over existing Parliamentarv Gardens.

PARLIAMET{IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archirecrs '71 o

PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS Significancr o

5.2 Signifrcance o

s.2.L Archaeological Significance

o d.evelopnent of the garden layout.

o a)) Environmental S i gnificance

The Parliamentary Gardens are significant as an integral elernent of the waterfront landscape which fonns the bacMrop to Sullivan's Cove. The broad sweep of the Gardens, with their surrounding perimeter of o imposing and spectacular lime trees, helps define Parliament House yet also isolates it from the surrounding waterfront and traffic bustle.

The Gardens have a special environmental significance as a green zone in the otherwise heavily mo'difieO urban and wateriront landscapel They provide a green sanctuary for passers-by to sit and contemplate either the waterfront or the Parliament Building; they also provide a safe and pleasant pedestrian o access between Salamanca Place and Morrison Street.

s.23 Historic Significance o The Parliarnentary Gardens are historically significant because they were established in 1901 as a physical expression of the changes that Federation away the old and dilapidated market ey represented and replace them with a nt House" shows the imPortance of o

53 Conservation Policv o 53.1 General

The hedge and steps in front of Parliatnent House shouW be retained The carpark may be retained or adaptively reused for functions appropriate to the entrance of Parliarnent House. O

Julv 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 7T Autral Archaeology Flighlpath Architects o o

Consenation Folicy PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS o The selection of flowers, trees and other plantings should seek to maintain the uisting character of the gardens. This character is presently defined by large deciduous shade trees, formal lawns and paths, and garden beds planted with annuals. o be examined periodi they are kept healthy. t of old or dying trees identical species. o Materials for the construction of paths shouW be chosen to reflect the fonnal historic nature of the gardens. Gravel, bitumen, and asphalt are all suitable surfaces which may be used. Tiles or pavers are inappropriate.

The acisting gardeners hut may be retained o s3.2 Use

The parliamentary gardens should remain as landscaped open space in front of Parliament House. o 533 Archaeological Policy

(a) Due to the high lael of culural significance of the gardens, maior alterations to their layout is not recornrnended. No archaeological investigation is required unless the gardens are threatened by developments as outlined in (c) and (d) below. The gardeners should be alerted to the likely o presence of archaeological material and a process for reporting finds instituted.

(b) At sorne time in the future it may be feasible to cany out an archaeological sarnpling prograrn, rc to detennine the archaeological potential of the site. Such investigation is allowable and if results are o positive, sorne consideration shouW be given to retaining and interpreting remains to the public.

(c) In the ertent of major earthworks or exccvations being planned (eg. as part of a funre red.eveloprnent of the site), a prograrnme of archaeological test dcavation should be undertaken prior to any site works cornntencing. o Depending on the results of the test excavations, area excavations may be required to determine the cultural significance of below ground remains and artefacts. This programme will detern ine whether such remains should be conserved in situ or recorded and removed.

(d) In the event of minor earthworks or qcavations being planned (eg. new o drains, new retaining or garden dividing walls, or any activity which rernoves the current ground surfaces), an archaeological monitoring programrrre shouW be undertaken as part of the work H cultural materials or structural features are revealed these should be recorded and their cultural significance assessed. The decision whether to record/remove or record/retain such features should be at the discretion of the supervising o archaeologist.

PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'73 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o

PARLIAMENTARY GARDENS Consenation PolicY o

53.4 Public Access and Interpretation

":Ytffili3:fr.J,'fJ, o a short citt bet*een

the wharf areas. rhey form uo iot"g,rl?1tr"i;:"$"ff#i3: b1"::/3ttu;:"x Cove areas.

There is currently no interpretation of the gardens area iself. Most present o day visitors/users of the gardens are likely to be ignorant of its bistory and past uses.

An interpretation sign should be erected which explains the history and d.erteloPtnent lude an when it was ing the o the sea. Info report interpretation purposes.

rul Leez PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN Ar:stral Archaeology Flightpath Architects a o

Pbysical Analysis STMARYS HOSPITAL o ST MARY'S HOSPITAL o 6.1 Physical Analysis

6.1.1 Construction

This building comprises a series of additions and alterations as well as the o original St Mary's Hospital. Refer to Figure 9 p 28 for the key to these areas.

Area A" built as the St Mary's Hospital in 1847-8, is of stone construction and has two stories and a basement which was added later.

Areas B and C were constructed for the Government Printing Office in 1862. o Area D was added in the 1880's and Area G in 1909. Extra stories were added to Areas C, D and G in (possibly) 1899, 1915, 1917 and 1937. This wing is now of three stories with basement.

Area F is a two storey stone wing which was extended along Salamanca o Place from St Mary's in 1886 for the Department of Mines. Area E, completed in 1,887, is three stories with basement. Its construction largely enveloped Area B and extended a stone facade along Davey Street to the north of the former St Mary's Hospital. The symmetrical facade conceals an ad hoc internal lavout. The internal corridor which had been extended through Area B trom R was realigned within E to give more depth to the o north-western offices.

Area H is a substandard infill of unknown date. Area J consists of a red brick store at basement level. It also includes a lightweight steel and timber clad infill to a former lieht well between Areas B and E. Area K is a massive reinforced concrete stru-cture of four stories which contains vaults at several o levels.

Although constructed over a period of some 90 years, the St Marys' complex is predominantly of traditional sandstone and brick loadbearing masonry construction on massive footings. A basement level extends through most of o the complex. Floors are generally suspended timber and roofs are of conventional raftered timber which are now clad with galvanised corrugated iron. Basement floors are generally concrete although Area A has had concrete toppings applied to original flagstone floors. o The majority of rooms in Areas A B, E and F have lath and plaster ceilings. There is a coved, timber panelled ceiling to the eastern first floor rooms of Area E

Areas A B, E, F and H have timber framed windows of various types. Areas o C, D, G, J and K have predominantly steel framed windows. As a legacy of is uncoordinated development the internal circulation of the complex is ad hoc, inconvenient and disorienting. There is no lift, although

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ST I\{ARY'S HOSPITAL Physical Analysis o

there is access to one in the adjoining Health Department. The only effective vertical internal access is provided by a non-enclosed stair in Area A. Fire stairs are external. o 6.1.2 Condition

The St Mary's complex is generally in poor condition, having been subject to numerous ad hoc alterations, poorly maintained and recently virtually abandoned. o The only current use is by the Health Department which has recently refurbished rooms in the first and second floors of Areas B and E for offices. A number of rooms in the basement of Areas A" B and E are used as a store for radioactive materials. The third floor of Areas C, D and G is used for storage of office equipment. The first and second floors of this wing have sustained minor fire damage affecting internal finishes. The remainder of the a complex is vacant.

Area H is a substandard basement infill which contains an incinerator room and toilets. It also blocks light and ventilation to basement rooms in Area A. The brick part of Area J at basement level is a storage area in sound o condition. Area J also includes a lightweight steel and timber clad infill to a former light well between Areas B and E.

Area K is in sound condition. A number of substandard cantilever, infill and bridging structures, external o stairs, hoists and chutes above the courtyards at the rear and in roof spaces provide links and service spaces for the upper levels. Service pipework is generally exposed externally. These structures are in very poor condition.

Facade Stonework o Over the last decade extensive stonework restoration work has been undertaken on the Salamanca Place and Davey Street facades of Areas A and E A report on stonework conservation was undertaken in 198377, and recommended work was specified in detail in 198478. Some stonework een undertaken prior to this documentation. The includes the replacement of most string courses, o quoins and the door trimmings on the Salamanca ork has been cut back and redressed The rough plinth stones have ng gabled bay on Davey Street fiJing the Gbvernmenf Printer unworked. The contrast between the a poor condition of these elements and the pristine restored facades is marked.

77lbchnic 10 Pty Lrd, 1983 pp 12. 78 Technic 10. Pty Lrd, 1984. o 79 This extent of work was recommended in 1983 for implementation as part of a progressive work programme. Op cir p 241.

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Physical Analysis ST MARY'S HOSPITAL o

Internally this work has not been completed with stones and steel ties projecting beyond the wall surface. However, of greater concern is the considerable itructural distress now aDDarent internally wherever window trimmings have been replaced. At fiiit floor level 8-10 mm of outward o movement at windows 1s typical. This movement appears localised at windows and is generally riot evident at the cross walls. None of this cracking was identified in the 1983 structural report.

The most serious situation occurs above the passage window in Area A (which is above the Salamanca door) where outrvard movement in excess of o 40 mm is evident. In this case the failure has extended through both adjacent passage walls. On one side 10 mm of movement has occurred since attempted cement patching of the cracking. In the process of stone replacement the remaining structural masonry has clearly been locally overstressed. As a resulr the structural intesritv in this area has been o compromised. Externally this movement has caused failure of the jointing of the new door stonewori allowing water penetration. At roof ievel iovement of this magnitude is likely to have damaged paraPet, gutters and roof framing. Several presumabl! new stones in the adjacent first floor string course have spalled, apparently as a result of pressure due to this structural movement. o quality and e ion. The 1 n uch as sills, a earlv stone k replicates much of the poor detailing. New stone sills have negligible. rake o and retain water againsi the timber s-ills. The profile of string courses is not adequately weatheied. Rain can be observed to flow freely over the new^ string courses onto the facade below. The projecting quoins at the corners of Area A were originally square cut. )n the basis of the 1983.report these have been replaced with chamfered quoins to reduce water retention. o The stonework of the Davey Street facade of Area B/E is in better condition except for string @urses, g-ables, parapets and copings which are massively deteiiorated. Smooth diessed trimmings show early crack initiation generally. Recommendations and specification for stonework restoration was included in the reports noted above but the only work that has been done on this facade is cleaning of ground floor stonework. o The rear facade of Area E is plain picked ashlar stonework in generally sound condition except at sills where lack of rake has resulted in stone failure. The stonework of the north facins return at the rear of E has been painted white. o See ting and pre-existing conditions of the John Ackerman of the Heritage Sect on in response to the comments made above.

Rising o Damp Damage due to rising damp is extensive in the basement of Area A' and of limiteil extent in B and E. These are the areas where no damp proof coursing

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Julv'77 1992 o Autral Archaeology Flighrparh Archirects o

ST MARY'S HOSPITAL Physical Analysis o

was originally laid. While damage will be ongoing this does not present an immediate threat to the superstructure. This dampness will however limit the uses of the affected rooms.

Chimneys o

The one remaining stone chimney to Area B/E is in poor condition with joint -most failure evident in stones. The nvo stone chimn'evs to Area F have 6een removed since 1983. The stone from these chimneys is currently in an unsorted heap in the basement of Area A. The brickwork chimneys to Areas A and E are not original but are in goor condition. o

Roof

Roof sheeting condition varies between areas from good to lightly rusted but appears to generally preveDt water penetration. Flashings generally require repair or replacement. The roof drainage and disposal systems have been o much altered and are in very poor condition throughout the complex, presenting a significant and immediate threat to the fabric. Lack of maintenance is obvious with most par tone debris which increases the probability of flo in Area A indicates parapet gutter failure. Failed Area F are causing saturation of the stone walling o

Floors

The structural condition of floors was assessed in 1983e. The floor beams throughout Area C and D were identified as unsatisfactory. The first floor at the so--uth end of Area F is unserviceable due to gross deflection. Support of o the corridor in the roof space of Area A is inadequate. Apart from this the the timber floors are in generally good condition.

Fence

The cast iron fences on the Davey Street boundary protecting the basement o light wells to Area A" B and E are in good condition.

Services

Existing mechanical, electrical, communication and hydraulic services are in poor condition. A fire detection system is installed in the complex but it is o not known whether this is operational.

Security

The St Mary's complex is poorly s d access points. Reai doors'were unloctclO original o stone fire surrounds have been recentl floor of Area E presumably stolen. Vacancy o e risk of theft. vandalism and fire.

80 Technic 10Plv Lrd 1983

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Physical Analysis ST IUARY'S HOSPITAL o

6.13 Integrity o Area A The original St Mary's Hospital is substantially intact. Minor internal alterations have been made but the original room layout and circulation zone remains legible. The two original tirnber stairs have been replaced with a o concrete stair inserted within the former wards. No fixtures or fittings associated with use as a hospital remain.

A number of presumably original framed and panelled doors including the pair of front doors remain in fair condition. Many doors still have intact early mortice ngs, architraves and picture o rails remain. remain. I:th and plaster ceilings gener ane window sashes remain although the frames are presumably original.

Externally the form and materials of Area A is virtually unchanged from the 1850's with the exception of window sashes, roof cladding and the door and o wall on Salamanca Place [see Plate 3]. The roof form has been altered but this has little visual impact from str pt level. No original chimney stacks remain.

The integrity of the street facades has been severely compromised by the recent stonework "restoration" program. By re-profiling o of the original stone the patina and evidence of age inhere untreated wing has been lost. This extent to which this w also does not meet the standard set by the Burra Charter, which requires that conservation should involve the least possible physical intervention8l.

The use the replacement quoins "correrts" tbe o original s doing so has altered the original d"ggn intJntion he hiitoric integrity of the UuitOing. fE-is alteration of detailing is also beyond the scope of conservation processes as defined in by the Burra Chartets2. The poor detailing and execution of this work has compromised the o structural integrity of the building and is further threatening original fabric.

Area BIE

The original fabric of Area B has been completely enveloped by Area E and o later adclitions. Little more than some inteinal walls and possibly floors of original fabric remains.

Area E is largely intact. Minor internal alterations have been made but the original room layout and corridors remains legible. The original entrance o 81 The Burra Charter. Article 3. 82 The Burra Charrer. Article 1.

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ST MARY'S HOSPITAL Physical Analysis o

and lobby has been converted into offices. The original blackwood and huon pine staircase and panelled ceiling have been removed.

Original panelled doors, architraves, skirtings and cornices generally remain as do lath and plaster ceilings. Fireplaces generally remain but are concealed o by lightweight panels.

Externally both the front and rear facades of Area E are of high integrity. The front doors have been removed and the original cast iron fence of unlrnown date extended over. o Area F

original room layout remains eastern room on each floor including the coved timber O the original simple stone fire surrounds have been removed. Window sashes are not original.

Externally the recent stonework restoration has included the Salamanca Place facade of Area E Intervention has been to a similar level to Area A with a similar visual effect. O

Numerous substandard additions currently conceal the rear facade but the fabric of the stone wall itself is essentiallv intact.

Areas C, D and G o The original fabric of this wing has been much altered both internally and externally and is of low integrity.

Area K o This extension appears as constructed. e has been cut into the original stonework of Area F and been formed. The extent and condition of the remaining ed by Area K. o 6,1.4 Archaeological

The initial portion (Area A) of this two storey sandstone building located on the corner of Davey Street and Salamanca Place was completed and occupied in 1849. Thirteen years later a basement was added to the building; o following this a number of other extensions were constructed on the south and east sides of the building.

This building was partly constructed over the old temporary Customs House site. The construction of the cellar in 1849 would have destroyed any archaeological structures or deposits which lay below the ground level of the o building.

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Significance STMARYS IIOSPITAL o The presence of the original agd grooyed edged] throughout the oiigina of the earlier exteniions is-important to no type.of floor often contains irany cracks and items of material culture may-fall during every day activities on the site. It is therefore o possible that archalological dEpositi may lie below the floor boards on all ievels of the original Suilding and the'extension along Salamanca Place (Area F).

Area B and E, which are in essen@ an extension of the old St. Mary's building, were completed between 1863 and 1887. They consist.of ? o sandstone building of three stories with a deep basement and were designed to house the Government Printer.

These buildings were built over the remainder of the old temporary CustoT! House site. Any structural or archaeological deposis associated with the old Customs HousE would have been destroyed during the construction phase of o the printers building and is underlying basements. The original parts of these buildings may also contain archaeological depositsiying 6elow the floor boards of the uiper floors/ceilings. o 6.2 Signilicance

6.2.1 Historic Significance o Area A, built as St Mary's Hospital in 1847-8, is highly significant as the first private hospital in Hobart.- It provided the first real alternative to the unpopular Colonial Hospital. It also marked the increasing involvement of the Government in the funding of public health care services. o St Mary's is significant for its association with notable public figures wlilq it was uied as a-hospital. As well as its founder Dr. Bedford, these included Sir John and Lady Franklin, Lieutenant-General Denison, the Reverend William Bedford, tLe Director of Public Works William Powell Kay, Robert Powell and the convict artist Wainwright. o Areas B, E and F are of historic significance because they dernonstrate the growth of the bureaucracy during the second half of the Nineteenth Cenrury, particularly in response to the growi the econorny of the colony. The S Department, the I-ands and Works variously occupied and extended the o St Marv's Hoioital was closed. Salamaica Place facade and in the of these uses.

These extensions also demonstrate the continuation and gradual expansion of Government administrative uses in this precinct in convenient proximity to o Parliament House. The lower lqels of Areas B, C and D are of minor historic significance- because they proviil.e physical evidence of the Nineteenth Cenury industrial

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ST MARY'S HOSPITAL Significance o

uses of the Parliamentary Precinct. However these parts are of very low integrity being now concealed by a new facade, additional floors and unsympathetic fenestration alterations.

Areas G, IL J and K are not historically significant. O

6.2.2 Architectural Si gnificance

St Mary's Hospital (Area A) is architecurally significant as a fine exantple of a Colonial building in a restrained Perpendicular Revival style. It is an o important and prominent example of the work of William Powell Kay, then Director of Public Works.

Prevailing social attitudes are the separation of public patients and paupers. This was turally by providing main and secondary entrances on each separate wards. Internally o the austere detailing was appropriate to the intended use but also reflects the financial constraintiunder *niin the building was constructed.

Although Area A is substantially intact, the recent restoration has compromised the integrity of the facade stonework and reduced the interpretive and aesthetic value of the building. o Areas E and F are architecturally significant as extensions which were intended to completnent St Mary's but which also reveal the change in architecrural taste by the mid-Victorian period

The tilnber vaulted ceiling to the large room on the first floor of Area F o makes this the most significant intact internal space in the contplac-

Area F replicated the fenestration and detailing of St Mary's but is distinguished by a continuous castellated parapet derived from the Dave_y Street-entrance. However the lack of articulation at the junction with St Mary's and the visual weight of the parapet unbalances rather than o complements the original.

St Mary's, designed by WW Eldridge, nificant for its eclectic combination of of ornament contrasts markedlv and competes with the restraint of the St Mary's facade. o

The symmetrical facade conceals an awkward internal layout, required to accommodate the retained rooms of Area B. Poor reconciliation of the facade and section desien is evident internallv where the window sills on the first floor are disturbinlgty high. However, in contrast to the Davey Street facade, the plain stonework and hipped roofs of the rear elevations are o expressed in a direct and balanced composition of Georgian character.

6.23 Environmental Si gnificance o Arcas A, E and F together are significant for the strong contribution they make to the historic slreetscape character of the precinct. The stone facades

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Signi6cance ST IUARY'S HOSPITAL o

complex while providing a traditional ing and modulation of the facades el. The building strongly defines the o character or st David's park opposite. h3'1t'ffi:1t"*: ffAlJj 3',i#, reinforces the street hierarchy.

Areas C, D, G, II, J and K intrude into the interior of the block and detract from the integrity, amenity and appearance of the rear rooms and external walls of Areas A, E and E o

6.2.4 Archaeological Significance

Areas A, B, E and F of St Mary's are archaeologically significant as there O are likely to be intact deposits in underfloor and ceilinglfloor-space locations. These deposits could reveal details of the construction sequences and methods used, and artefactual evidence of the past uses to which the building has been put. o 63 Conservation Policv

63.1 General o The following conservation policy recommendations set out ways to retain or recover the significance of this building. The policies provide broad parameters that aim to ensure that development is likely to conform with the requirements of the Burra Charter. o Review

dilapidations, structural and stonework fabric reports. This research o provided a sound basis for the assessment of significance and the development of a conservation policy. However, by today's standards, the report could be judged incomplete as a conservation plan, in that the statement of significance wai equivocal and no clear statement of conservation policy was made. o The statement of significance was clearly tempered by the consideration of the redevelopment 6ptions beine considLred ivnicn iircluded demolition of the Salamanda and D'avev Streeiextensions to St Marv's as demonstrated in the final paragraph:

'\Vhetherqrnttr dFiningwir€s $orld bercraired b agrsticn uhidr mrst o be fuidd iD tb qrtsrt of a boder ccnsid€rdixl of tr rdatirc drant4es of traaihbbdevdoprnerfoptiTs h4 errcn if tpy $ould $E way to tne

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVA']:ION PLAN Julv-83 1992 o Ausrral Archaeology Flightparh Architects o

ST MARYS HOSPITAL Consen'ation Policy o had€r qrsilerdiorS thb u,ould not rrcessarily be ontary o lhe ryirit of qrendidr"83

In our opinion lopment options as a criterion ible aesthetic or architectural ding to future o generations is nt of an existing building. In fact, Development Options 5, 6 and 7 in this Brief which proposed breaking the coherent street facade with landscaped setbacks and a new block raised on columns to allow open space to extend underneath reveal an aesthetic model that is now, less than a decade later, discredited in historic urban precincts. o

In retrospect, these deficiencies can be seen to stem directly from the way the conservation reports were com issioned as part of the brief for redevelopment. In addition, the study was corrmissioned and executed without the benefit of the 1985 Guidelines to the Burra Charter which expand on the methodology for conservation planning and develop the o concept of a conservation policy.

The 1984 Technic 10 report consists of documentation and specification of stonework restoration for the building. Much of this work has been implemented. With the demise of Law Department proposal none of the other urgent conservation work recommended in the L983 report has been a undertaken.

A further Statement of Cultural Significance of St Mary's Hospilal85 was commissioned by the Department of Administrative Services and Consumer Affairs in 1990. This report covers much of the same ground as the previous studies. Recommendatibns included additional research into the whole of o the Parliamentary Precinct and preparation of a conservation strategy and policies for St Mary's Hospital. The future use and opportunities for private ownership are also canvassed.

Scope of Present Study o

previous reports. o No further conservation plan should be required for this building however the design, specification and implementation of all work on St Mary's from minor maintenance to redevelopment should be supervised by a conservation professional. All decisions about management and future changes to the building should be guided by the conservation policies and the statements of significance, in aCcordance with the principles of the Burra Charter. o

83 Gchnic 1o 1983 p. 1o 1S"" Appendix B o d) Slatement of Cultural Significance of St Mary's Hospital, Michael Court and Kerry Edwards, Hislorical lnterpretation Consultants, 1990.

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Consenation Policy STMARYS HOSPITAL o Significant fabric is often lost and intrusive installations made because of ad hoc decisions, Iack of understanding or inadequate on site control. o 63.2 Use A cornpatible long tenn use for Areas A, B/E and F of this buiWing shouU be identified as a matter of high conseruation prioriry. The present vacancy of most of the building increases risks to the historic fabric due to fire, theft and vandalism. To aihierre a tenantable standard, occupancy will require considerable work, some of which work will ensure that basic conservation o objectives are met and ongoing maintenance undertaken..

If a permanent Govemtnent use cannot be found then the long tenn lease or sale of the building to the private sector with covenants to ensure its conserttation should be secured The location, identity and internal character o would make this building highly desirable for legal chambers. New uses shouW be compatible with the character and integrity of the range atlon. Eis o Uses that do not spatially fit well into the acisting spaces should be avoi.d.ed Such uses tend to lead to pressure for partitioning, alteration of circulation pattenrs, new openings or wall removal.

Uses which require the historic fabric to be substantially concealed are o unacceptable.

Refurbishrnent for short tenn use of Areas C, D and G without an integrated strategy for the reuse and consertation of all of the significant areas shouW be avoided Use of these areas without an integrated strategy may constrain or delay the viable reuse and conservation of the significant areas. o The structural inadequacy of the floors in Areas C and D which were identified in the Technic 10 report should be considered when planning temporary use. o 633 Key Policies

Areas A, BIE and F of the St Mary's Hospital contpl* shouU be retaineQ rep aired and maintained

Original fabric in these significant areas should be retained and repaired o This includes lath and plaster ceilings and partitions, floors, doors, door hardware, skirtings and fireplaces. Recent partitions and a lowered ceiling in the first floor corridor of Area F should be removed.

Area H and the substandard accretions to the rear of Area F should be dernolished o Areas C, D, G, J and K d.etract frorn and conceal the significant areas and may be dernolished Removal of these areas would recover the external

PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Jull 19912 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Architects o

STMARYS HOSPITAL Conservation Policy o appearance and restore daylighting to the interiors of the significant areas and would also create an opportunity to construct a major new wing.

63.4 Stonework Conservation o Future stonework conser-vation shouW involve the least possible physical intervention The recent work has involved extensive stone replacement and the refacing of existing stonework which has resulted in a pristine, as-new appearance with a consequent loss of patina and evidence of age. Future work on the stone facades of this building should be re-prioritised to concentrate on maintenance and preservation of the existing fabric. o

Reconstruction by replacernent with new stone should only occur where and when gross stone failure has occurrey' or when failure threatens adjacent fabric. The structural distress that has resulted form the recent replacement of window trimmings should immediately be documented and monitored by a structural engineer to determine wh:ther it has stabilised. The cause of this o failure should be identified. No further wholesale stone replacement should occur unless this problem can be demonstrably avoided.

Conservation resources should be directed on the basis of the ntost imrnediate threat to the significant fabric. Rationalisation, repair and precede further o rinded in 1983, ampcoursing of ldressed while less ursent work has proceeded. o 63.5 Restoration

The doors to the original Salantanca Place entrance of Area A should be restored and the stone threshold reconstructed

The rear facad.e of Area F should be restorcd to its original fonn by the o careful rernoval of accretions and the repair of stonework

Paint should be carefully rcntoved ft'orn the stonework at the rear of Area E. Only paint removal methods which do not damage the stone surface should be used. o 6.3.6 Reconstruction

The main entrance and staircase in the lobby of Area E nray be reconstructeQ but only on the basis of the original architecnral details. Provision of a central stair will provide the much needed vertical access o within this section. The 1915 extension of the stair to the second floor may be included [see Figure 9]. Conjecural reconstruction of lhe staircase should not be undertaken. If detailed documentary or physical evidence of the original cannot be found, a stair of contemporary design may be commissioned. The design philosophy o for a new staircase should be to clearly express a contemporary aesthetic through use of form, material and detail so as to identify it as a contemporary

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Consenation Folicy STMARYS HOSPITAL o insertion in an historic but not highly significant building. As the dominant element in the space a Dew staii musi nevertheless not compete with or conceal the remaining original character elements. o 63.7 Adaptation

Modification to the significant areas of the building to suit compatible new uses may be undertaken

Adaptation should rninimise changes to the significant fabric and intntsion o into the original spaces an^d should be subitantially reversible. Recent interior refuibishment by the Health Department in Areas J and E included the removal and blocking up of a redundant door. Simply closing and locking of the door would hav-e been a preferred conservation action.

No adaptive changes should be made to the Davey Street or Salatnanca o Place facades, or the rear facade of Area E. The original room layout and circulation patterns of Areas A,.BIE ann F shoul.d be maintained in any adaptive reuse The lack of connection between the corridors on the ground flooiof Areas A and F has been unsatisfactorily walkway.- addressed in the pa-t Uy use of a substandard cantilever -T-he o original circulati6n thr6ugh the south-east room of Area A should be reinstated.

A major new wing may be constructed by Areas C and G and abutting di could provide high standard conte o would complement the layout and s historic are:s. Conservation of the integrated with any such major redevelopment.

Any new wing should be no ,nore than four stories above uisting_grade. No part includinE lift machine rooms should be visible from Davey Street above o ihe skyline o-f Area B/E. At five stories the roof and upp_er levels m?y !9 visible behind Areas A and F from St Davids Park. Proposals should therefore be carefully designed and assessed to ensure that they do not dominate or visually intrude when seen from this vantage point. The roof and upper floors should be of simple form and fenestration, with neutral materials and colours. o The Davey Street entrance of either Area A or B/E should rernain as the principal entry and address in any redevelopnent of the compla.

ld be ntaintained to s A, E and E an opportunity for I ligh amenitY o width-to allo* good levels of both new and existing interiors.

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STMARYS HOSPITAL Conserration Policy o

63.E Services

All acisting services should be replaced as part of any r&velopnent of the building. New services should be carefully located, designed and installed to o minimise physical damage and visual intnrsion to significant areas.

lAet areas, Iifts and plant rooms should generally be located in new construction to the rear. Heating and cooling systems that require air ducting concealed by false o ceilings in original corridors are not acceptable. Natural ventilation by means of openable windows should be retained wherever possible. Acoustic double glazing should minimise impact on historic fabric. Lighting selections should be sympathetic to the original character but should avoid reproduction styles. o

63.9 Security

The physical security, locking procedures and security inspection procedures shouU be irnmediately upgraded Prevention of unauthorised access will o reduce the risk to the significant fabric of theft, vandalism and arson.

The existing fire detection system should be acively maintained while the buiding remains vacant. A less intrusive system such as VESDA should be installed as part of redevelopment of the complex. o

63.10 Public Access and Interpretation

Some opporunity for public access to the interior of Area A may be retuined o 63.11 Archaeological Policy

The archaeological policy is concerned with underfloor deposits (in the case of concrete or wooden floors) and undisturbed rooflceiling spaces if any are ts are likely to have coll o dged (ie not tongue some rooms of St Mar of floor coverings in many rooms not all floors were inspected. It should be noted that deposits caD collect betw ,n ceiling/floor spaces in upper stories as well as under ground floors where no basements exist. o The archaeological conservation policy for these designated areas within St Mary's is as foilows:

(a) Archaeological investigation is required in these areas as part of their conserl)ationlrestoration processes as these processes are likely to d.estroy any evidence they contairu o

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Conservation Folicy STMARYS HOSPITAL o (b) A progratnme of archaeological dcavation should be undertaken prior to any site worl

~~PARLIAMEIfIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'89 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighlparh Archilecrs o~~

~~HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT Physical Analysis o HYDRO -ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT~~

~~7.1 Physical Analysis o~~

~~7.r.1 Construction~~

The Hydro-Electric Department buildi L920. The buildins consists of a o basement. Daylightiig is provided by of the eastern side of the buildins ab brick columns support reinforced Eoncrete floors and roof slab.

The Munay Street facade and parapet is of load-bearing dressed stonework which utilised desien elements looselv derived from the 1886 extension to o St. Mary's. The iymmetrical facade'with central pediment is appropriated but the detailing minimized. The fen:stration achieves a high proportion of void to solid, with large window openings punched into the ashlar stonework. The eDtranco porch is elaborated by a broad three centred arch supported on two grey maible shafts to each side. The arch is enclosed by_ a pediment infilled with a textured chequerboard pattern derived from the 1886 o extensions to St. Mary's.

The upper pediment is decorated with an inlaid quatrofoil with drip moulding and the profile is squared off at the top rather than pointed in contrast to the lower. A flag pole is located centrally behind the upper pediment. The base of the facade is in heavily rusticated sandstone masonry o which is continues below ground level to provide a retaining wall to the basement.

The internal fittings included Thsmanian blackwood panelling and staircases. The original extent of this joinery is not clear but is surmised to have includedthe ground floor lobby, lift car, main staircase and first floor office o sulte.

~~Structural alterations to the east wall were executed in 1966 during the construction of the adjoining State Offices building.~~

Extensive refurbishment of the building was undertaken in 1973 to provide o standardized office accommodation for the Social Welfare Department. This work included the installation of a new lift and airconditioning. Ductwork and other services were concealed above false ceilings and window sizes were altered to suit. Aluminium window frames were installed throuehout the building including the facade to Murray Street. o The blackwood lobby panelling was replaced and the blackwood staircase was replaced with a concrete stair. The blackwood panelling to the first floor office suite on the eastern side of the building was retained although suspended ceilings were installed.

Lightweight offices were subsequently added to the roof level. These are o currently occupied by the Health Department. The Health Department building is connected to this building via a flying glazed walkway at first

~~Judy 1992 PARLTAMEI.I-IARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATI ON PLAN Ar:stral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

Physical Analysis HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT o floor lwel. This thoroughfare also provides a pedestrian connection through to the adjoining State Offices building. o 7.r.2 C-ondition The former Hydro-Electric Depart throughout. It has been continuously not always to full capacity. The int standard of environmental servicin o contemporary standards. Above ground level the facade stonework is in good condition. Basement walls show evidence of damp and fflorescence causing minor stonework deterioration. Parts of the inside face of the facade wall are concealed behind metal studwork lined with fibre cement sheet. O The extant blackwood panelling in the first floor office suite is in excellent condition.

Waterproofing to the roof terrace slab appears to be sound and in good condition. The paint finish to the brick ancl concrete surfaces of the side and rear elevations ii in poor condition possibly as a result of minor deterioration o of brickwork at parapet level.

The ad-hoc lightweight additions at roof level provide substandard office accommodation which is unlikely to onform to current building regulations with respect to fire ratings and egress requirements. o 7.13 Integrity

The architectural concept of the building, a5 s stone facade concealing a neutral and flexible conirete framed offid-UuitOing, retains a high degreJof o integrity. From the point of view of the extant original finishes, the building is less intact. Except for the replacement o I the original timber framed windows with dark aluminium frames the Murrav Street facade is intact.

~~The blackwood panelling to the fhst floor office suite is the only notable o remaining interhal fabric. The integrity of these rooms is currently compromised by suspended acoustic tile ceilings.~~

The removal of blackwood joinery from the entrance lobby, lifs and staircase has destroyed the integrity of these important public spaces. The vaulted timber ceiling and automatic aluminium framed doors to the entrance o lobby are intrusive and unsympathetic adaptations.

The design of the current signage at stre€t level is intrusive. The location is appropriate but the vertical format is in conllict with the horizontal banded masonry and the width of the sign, being the same as the pilaster is unsympathetic. The contrast between the colour of the sign and the o stonework is also inappropriate.

~~PARLIAMENXARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July I99 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath ArchirecE o~~

~~HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT Signiffcancc o~~

~~7.r.4 Archaeological~~

~~cade contains a deep basement during the construition of 10 o significant deposits or features were identified within this building.~~

~~7.2 Significance o~~

7.2.1 Historic Significance This buiWing, cowtructed in 1920, is historically significant as the first o permanent home of the Hydro-Electric Depart nenl This institution, which gained the status of an independent commiision in 1929, has played a central role in the industrial, social and economic development of the State.

The conservative design of the building demonstrates a concern to create an image of respectability to this rapidly growing and prestigious department. o This approach contrasts with ihe the ultra-modern image which was embraced by the Commission with its move in 1938 to its current headquarters.

7.2.2 Architectural Signifr cance o The building is of minor architectural significance because it demonstrates the combination of traditional ins itutional values and pragmatic new technologies. The design of the building is notable for the disjunction between the "traditiotral" stone facade and the "modern" brick and concrete framed structure behind. Through this the building demonstrates the o conllicting forces which shaped the direction of architecture in the first decades of the TVentieth Century.

The documented derivation of the facade elements from the Victorian Davey Street extension to St Mary's Hospital is belied by the blandness and awkward proportions of the resulting pastiche. o ificance. Blackwood panelling was o;""','."H iil" i:i:i:l "$nl3 :"iil .;i only remaining intact interior finishes in the building. o 7.23 Envirunmental Si gnifrcance

The building makes a notable contribution to Murray Street, despite being overshadowed by both the Health height and scale relates to the streetsc of connection with the warehouses a facade provides a sense of conti

~~hy reez PARLIAME}NARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

Signilicance HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT o Parliamentary Precinct. The documented and visual relationship of the facade to the Vctorian buildings on Davey Street reinforces this continuity. o 7.2.4 Archaeological Signifr cance The building is not likely to contain deposis which are of archaeological significance.

~~o 73 Conservation Policy~~

73.1 General a The following conservation policy recommendations set out ways to retain or recover the significance of this building. The policies provide broad parameters that aim to ensure that development is likely to conform with the requirements of the Burra Charter.

The design, specification and implementation of any work affecting the o significant fabric and spaces shou professional. All decisions about m building should be guided by th significance, in accordance with o 73.2 Use Continuing Govemrnent ffice use of the Hydro-Electric Deparnnent is appropriate. The building is well suited for the accommodation of an identifiable department or branch which requires public access and identity. o The separate entrance which reinforces this public identity should be retained.

The blaclcwood panelled office suite shouW continue to be used for fonnal and boardroom type uses. o The basement spaces are underutilized and reserved primarily for carparking, storage, and plant room. There is an opportunity to redevelop some of this space for office use

~~The ad-hoc extension of adjacent uses into or onto the buiAing shouW not continue. The Health Department extension on the roof should be removed o in the long term.~~

~~733 Key Policies o The stone facade of the Hydro-Electric Depart nent should be retained and conserved~~

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archilecrs o~~

HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT Conservation Policy o The extant original office suite linedwith blaclcwood panelling is significant and shouW be retained and restored to its original fonn The conservation of the facade and the first floor suite will require the retention of that part of the structure containing them.

~~The remainder of the building may be altered, adapteQ retained or o dernolished~~

73.4 Restorition The blackwood panelled ffice suite shouW be restored by the removal of o suspended ceilings. This will recover the original spatial and architectural character of these rooms. Sympathetic heating, cooling and lighting should be installed. Natural ventilation mav be reinstated.

~~73.5 Reconstruction a~~

The front door may be reconstructed to the original timber detailing. The 1.973 aluminium windows and doors are intrusive. This work will recover the external appearance of the entrance but should only be undertaken if sufficient documentarv evidence is available to enable an accurate reconstruction. a

~~73.6 Adaptation~~

~~Apart from the first floor office suite the rernainder of the building may be o refurbisheQ adapted, altered or redeveloped as required to suit cornpatible zses.~~

Those parts of the building behind the ffice suite may be dernolished and redaeloped o Internal adaptation work in the front part of the bu de onto the Murray Street facade. The original pe he building should remain. Partitions should not cut a or door openings.

~~should be maintained but ceiling heights may a ght to provide space for environmental service ilot be ieOuceO further. Ceilings should not be instaUed below the level of existing window heads.~~

~~A light well should be retained in any redeveloprnent proposal to maintain the outloolc, natural lighting and ventilation to the rear room of the a te may tr this d tand b~~

~~Vertical expansion at the rear of the bu a does not visually intrude on the facade. the parapet line to minimize visual impa~~

~~Jut leez PARLIAMEIVTARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects a o~~

~~Conserratlon Foticy HYDRO . ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT o should form a neutral back particularly lift motor rooms circulation and egress from th with the increased capacity o office accommodation requ~~

o high priority in the design of further additions to this building. External sertice pipework shoul"d in the long term be rernoved the light -the lrom well and rear ol buildi _t. The ad-hoc installation of these services Future degrades the visual amenity of the internal.spaqf ..ol the precinct. servicing connections should be concealed within buildings or underground. o 73.7 Archaeological Policy

~~There are no archaeologically significant deposis or features within or under this building.~~

O A separate conservation policy has been prepared for the retaining wall which abuts the rear (western end) of this building. o 73.E Interpretation Interpretive signage fuscribing the origin and significance of this btlilQng should be proiided This may be located externally or in the entrance lobby. o

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'95 1992 o Austral Archaeology Righrpalh Architecs o~~

~~HEALTH DEPARTMENT Physical Analysis o HEAXTH DEPARTMENT~~

~~8.1 Physical Analysis o~~

~~8.1.1 Construction~~

The three storey Health Department corner office block was commenced in 1937. A fourth floor was added while the buildins v/as under construction. o The lift core was built to is present height to provide for a fifth floor which was eventually added in 1953, although not to the original setback and roof terrace design.

It is a concrete framed building with nd lightweight internal partitions. External walling is con which was originally o faced with reconstituted stone on the and rendered masonry at the rear and on the lift core. The street facades were completely rendered when the fifth floor was added. The interior was remodelled and air conditioned in 1971.

A basement houses a caretaker's flat and vaults. The building is served by a o single lift and has a stairwell at either end. Air handling plant has been installed on the roof above the Davev Street entrance. An external steel clad vertical duct has been installed at the rear to access each ceiling space.

8.1.2 Condition o Externally, the street facades are in moderate condition. Severe vertical delamination in the render or cladding is apparent above the junction with Area E of the St Mary's complex. Rendered string courses towards the top levels are also cracked. These elements present a risk to public safety. o The grid lined rendered surface has generally weathered poorly. It is badly ticularly below string courses. Copper parent. The detailing of these facades, ter, has contributed to this condition. uted stone can still be seen above the thered well in comparison to the more o recent render. A plain rendered plinth has been recently applied at street level and the wall surface is painted up to the first string course.

The rear facade is particularly unsightly, with evidence of several different surface finishes, ea-ch of whi-ch hai w6athered differently and badly. It is badly disfigured by the removal of alternate rain heads and downpipes. The o lower three floors have been painted white. A pedestrian bridge and flying service duct connect to the IIEC building.

The steel framed windows appear in sound condition. The sill of the stair lobby window on the fourth floor has failed, admitting rain water. A number of the hollow slass bricks to the main stairwell are broken at floor level. o Some are filled-with warer.

~~JH/ 1ee2 PARLIAMEI{-IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architecls o o~~

Physical Analysis HEALTH DEPARTMENT o The low pitched steel roof, parapet, eaves and gutters are in good condition. Spalling has occurred to the soffit of the reinforced concrete roof slab of the lift motor room. Weathered and exposed asbestos fibre pipe lagging was observed at roof level. o The interior office spaces are in good condition generally as most finishes date from t97L.

E.13 Integrity o The form and architectural intent of the 1937 building is substantially intact. The fifth floor added in 1953 replicated the lower floors rather than following the original design intention for a setback and roof terrace. This destroyed the original well proportioned balance of horizontal and vertical elements and compromised the dominance of the strongly expressed vertical entrance forms. No effort was made to match the window frames and the o curved corner window was omitted. The roof mounted plant is visually intrusive and ugly.

The rendering of the street facades in 1953 has concealed the original reconstituted stone cladding. It is assumed that the render generally replicated the original architectural detail. The rvindow reveals are now o deeper as a result of this work. In conservation terms the original fabric is intact but presumably irreversibly concealed. The architectural detail has been reconstructed with new and inferior materials.

Externally, the finely detailed rear elevation of the lift shaft is intact, retaining evidence of the original render detailing. The lift motor room and o much of the presumably original machinery remain in use.

The Murray Street entrance and stairwell has a high level of integrity. The original bronze clad doors, door furniture and fanlight are all intact and in excellent condition. The entry porch retains its coved granolithic concrete floor, granite threshold and ceiling detail. In the stairwell itself the original o vertical glass brick window and the steel balustrade and handrail are intact.

The Davey Street entrance retains light fittings, the bronze fanlight, granite iginal doors have been replaced. At roo The main lobby has been refurbished but the original stairwell is intact, retaining o the three vertical glass block windows and geometric ceiling detailing.

Internally all evidence of the original office layout and finishes was lost with the 1971 interior refurbishment. The central corridor layout which was a strong feature of the original design concept was removed. By providing offset circulation zones an additional central accommodation zone was o achieved. Suspended ceilings consisting of pebble finished moulded troughs were installed. Windows were retained and double glazed.

The basement was not refurbished in I97t and as a result remains substantially intact. The original vault doors to the storage rooms remain. The caretaker's flat has only recently been vacated and is currently being a adapted for office use. T[e original doors, light fittings firepla6es anI kitchen are all intact. The flues fro n this flat are carried throush to roof level where the (1953) chimney remains.

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'97 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightparh Architecs o~~

~~HEATJTH DEPARTMENT Significance o~~

~~E.1.4 Archaeological~~

When construction of this buildine began in 1936 the allotment wits vacant. o Prior to the construction of the HlE.Cl building at number !2 Davey Street there were a series of sma one was the Registry of demolished in the 1920s bun{ing. Due to the depth of the present building's footings all signs of original structures have been destroyed. o

~~E.2 Significance o t.2.1 Eistoric Significance~~

o lmagery wer€ constructei in Hobart. These buildings demonstrate a decisive break with the architectural uncertainties which had-characterised of the fint decades of the Century. The acceptance of a forward looking Modern aesthetic demonstrates a response to the social uncertainties of the times.

~~s building, despite the ideology of the machine o erable labour, an advantage to the State at a time of~~

This building provides evidence of the social and technological changes that took place in Hobart in the middle decades of the dentieth Gntury, changing the city from a low-rise historic town to a contemporary city. o

~~The continual growth in the provision of the public health services is demonstrated b-y the construclion, changing uie and expansion of the building. a E.2.2 Architectural Signifi cance~~

lhe llealth Deparn significance as one of the fi1st Early MoTIern many of the halhnaiks of the styla The faca horizontal lines balanced by vertical entrance elements. The facade treatment displays the typical o curved corner and curved steel framed windows. The service and circulation are clearly articulated and expressed and -zone_s externally. Downpipes rain heads are honestly expressed and arC used as a rhythmic design e-lement.

~~a 86 "Metopolitan Drainage Board Plan, City of Hobart, Drainage Plan Number 3l:24/4/1946" Tasmaniana Collection.~~

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMENXARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 98 Austral Archaeology Flighlpath Archilects o o~~

Significancc TIEALTH DEPARTMENT a ePartment di ?t'J#Jl?:: human scale were expressed as a masonry veneer which concealed tbe structure, and wele o punchai with windows. Ciassical facade design principles clearly underlie the abstracted decoration of the Murrav Street facade. ificant as an intact and clearlY The original fabric of the Murray and demonstrates characteristic o materials and finishes. The caretaker's flat and basernent vaults are of minor significance. The basement is substantially intact, demonstrating original internal finishes and fittings. The flat demonstrates the integration of a traditional use type into a Modern building. o The fifth floor addition reduces the significance of the building because it -balance detracts from the design integrity and iompromises the intent, and proportion of the facade design.

~~The air conditioning plant on the roof is intrusive. The office partition layout o and finishes are recent and are not sisnificant.~~

~~E.23 Environnental Signifi cance~~

The Health Deparnnent is significant because it completes the strong corner o definition to ihe Parliameitary Precinct and reinforces the instiutional character of the zone. The scale of the building is not overbearing on Davey Street although it does overshadow the Hydro-Electric building on Murray Street. The-predominantly masonry facade provides continuity with the adjoining stone facades. o The Health Department complements the 1940 HEC substation on the diagonally opposite corner which has a similar Modern expression.

~~E.2.4 Archaeological Significance o The building is not likely to contain deposis which are of archaeological significance.~~

~~83 Conservation Policy o~~

~~83.1 General~~

The following conservation policy recommendations set out ways to retain or o recover the significance of Health Department building. The policies provide broad parameiers that aim to ensure that development is likely to conform with the requiremens of the Burra Charter.

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMENTIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN o 99 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archilecls o~~

HEALTH DEPARTMENT Cnnsenation Folicy o The design, specification and imple significant fabric and spaces shou professional. All decisions about m building should be guided by th significance, in accordance with o

~~E3.2 Use~~

~~Adninktrative ffice.1ge by the_ Health Department or other Governtnent agencies is a cotnpatible use and may be continued a~~

~~The caretaker's flat may be adaptedfor office or other compatible uses.~~

The basernent vaults should continue to be used for secure, fireproof storage. These are specialised rooms designed for this purpose. Adaptation for alternative uses may be undertaken provided it has minimal impact on the o significant fabric or is substantially reversible.

~~833 Key Policies~~

The 1937 fabric of the Health Deparhnent building should be retained and o maintained The significant parts include the street facades up to the fourth storey, the Murray Street entrance, both stair wells, the lift tower and the vaults, corridor and caretaker's flat in the basement.

The rernainder of the buiMing may be refurbished o The original fonn of the building may be restored in the long tenn by the rernoval of the fifth storey. A setback top floor and roof terrace may be constructed at this level. The original design intention should be used to provide a point of reference for the design of this replacement structure. Common ficilities for the building which -complement ihe open plan office space and which make use of an outdoor terrace would be appropriate. o Suitable uses may may include meeting, seminar or staff facilities.

~~83.4 Facade Repair~~

~~The remaining area of original reconstituted stone facings should be a retained and maintained These occur above the roof level of the Hydro- Electric building.~~

The original render surfaces and detailing to the lifi tower shouW be carefully cleaned and maintained O The rendered street facades should be repaired and cleaned The cause of the major delamination cracks above the main entrance should be immediately investigated. Any remedial work should match the materials, form and detailing of the facade although these are not original fabric. Minor cracking should be investigated and repaired to prevent ingress of water below the surface. a

~~lutV't9S2 PARLIAMEI\"IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Ar:stral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

Consen'ation Policv HEALTH DEPARTMENT o The recent area of painted plain render on Davey Street at street level should be rentoved dnd the siffaces and detail recbnstructed to match the street facades. The paint finish to the lower levels of the rear elevation may be rcnoved or o overpainted This wall may be repaired and finished with a stabilised lime wash to overcome the disfigurement caused by past alterations. This finish will provide a texture similar to the original render of the rear of the lift tower. Use of plastic or cement based paints should be avoided. o E3.5 Adaptation

Internal adaptation of the office spaces may be undertaken Regular refurbishment of the interior partitioning is part of the design intention for this building type. However, there is an opportunity for future refurbishment to reinstate a central corridor at each level. This would recover the original o design intention of a clearly expressed circulation zone and may also increase floor area yields and rationalise the layout.

The pedestrian bridge to the Hydro-Electric building supports ongoing use of both buildings and may be retained When the opportunity arises the junction of the bridge with each building may be redesigned to articulate it as o a separate element. A colour scheme for the bridge which better relates it to the Health Department should be implemented.

83.6 Services o The actemal appearance of the building should be restored in the long ternt by the removal or redesign of the intrusive air conditioning plant and ducting. Removal of the fifth storey will allow more flexibility in the relocation of this plant as the roof of the fourth floor is a concrete slab. Asbestos removal issociated with this plant may provide an opportunity for o its redesign and relocation. In the long tenn, the external sem,ice shaft behind the lift shafi should be retnoved or redesigned An alternative heating and ventilation system may be able to reduce the reliance or physical dimensions of the service shaft. Reinstatement of natural ventilation by openable windows should be investigated particularly on the east elevation. The formation of a service o shaft within the building in conformity with contemporary practice should be pursued.

~~83.7 Archaeological Policy o There are no archaeologically significant deposits or features within or under this building. o~~

~~PARLIAME}I"IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv' 1992 o Autral Archaeology Flighrparh Architecrs 101 o~~

~~HEALTH DEPARTMENT Consenation Folicy o~~

~~::,---:c;: : o~~

~~EEiITIET -EEETT a r=Er I o~~

~~o Plate 72 The Department of Health photographed from St. David's Cathedral c. 1950s. (HCC 795017).~~

~~Julv 1992 PARLI.AMENTIARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN TCiz Arstral Archaeology FlightPath Architects o o~~

~~Physical Analysis GOVERNMENT PRINTER o 9 GOVERNMENT PRINTERS a 9.1 Physical Analysis~~

~~9.1.1 Construction~~

~~The Government Printer and erected in two o stages. Due to the war, b il L946-47 when the concrete footinss were c was commenced in 1953 and completed in 1954.~~

The building comprises a four level concrete column and slab structure with in-situ concrete walls. Due to its industrial requirements including the o support of heavy machinery on upper floors and a considerable floor to floor height, the structure is massive. Most of the external walls are enclosed by steel framed windows.

The building originally had only a partial fourth level comprising a recreation room but the entire floor was fully, snglssed in 1960. Glass block o ceilings are employed on the eastern side of the building on both the first and ground floors

Internal finishes are industrial and minimal. Parquetry covers all floors except the top and the basement. Walls, ceilings and columns are plastered. o Cnncrete machine pads are cast into the ground floor. Building services and vertical circulation is contained in two cores, one at the rear of the building and another at the front on the eastern side. Each core contains a concrete stair and a lift. This vertical circulation is expressed on the front of the building by vertical concrete mouldings and window o mullions. The poor quality plaster finish to the ceilings was removed in 1971. More recently new partitions have been installed along with some areas of computer access flooring. o 9.t.2 Condition

The building is in reasonable condition. The basic structure and shell is sound but the internal fixtures show wear and tear in line with constant industrial usage. The parquetry floon are in poor condition and some areas o have been replaced with timber sheet flooring. The goods lift is also in poor condition as are the original fire doors to the stairwells.

~~The rendered facade is stained and grimy. It is also cracked in places most notably in a horizontal line over the top floor windows of the Salamanca Place facade. o~~

~~PARLIAMEI{"IARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATION P LAN Julv- 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrparh Architecs 103 o~~

~~@VERNMENT PRINTER Significance a~~

~~9.13 Integrity~~

The building has a high degree of integrity. Most of the original fabric is extant. The resilieDt nature of the structure and shell and the flexible nature o of the space it encloses has ensured that it has remained basically intact. The original staircases and lifts remain but airconditioning and fire services have been installed spasmodically and haphazardly. The original concrete pads for the ground floor machinery remain.

Internally minor alterations such as the removal and construction of O partitions has been executed unsympathetically and has compromised the building's integrity. The insertion of a new doorway in the front of the building at ground level has compromised both the integrity of the design and the original fabric. The appearance of the facade has been compromised by the insertion of o window mounted airconditioners and the use of a pink coloured reflective film applied to some windows. A portion of the original red granite plinth along Salamanca Place was removed to install the new doorway.

~~The building has considerable impact on its i site in general. The service core at the rear of o is particularly intrusive to views of arliame other positions both within the site and from outside.~~

9.1.4 Archaeological o town allotments 2 and 4 Salamanca site of a warehouse while uumber 2 of the govemment printing office. The building is a four storied structure with a deep basement. There is no o chance that any structural features or deposits associated with earlier occupation of the site has survived.

~~9.2 Signifrcance o The Government Printers buiWing is of slight significance as the only remaining intact industrial building in a precinct which historically contained many industrial u s es.~~

The continuity of activity of the Govetnrnent Printer in the precinct is of slight significance. The Government Printer has been continuously located o in varions buildings within the precinct since the introduction of government, expanding from a room in Parliament House to the present building.

~~The building has a high degree of integrity. The concrete machine stands on the ground floor provide physical evidence of the layout of the original printing plant. o~~

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PI.AN 764 Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Conserration Policy GOVERNMENT PRINTER o It makes a neutral contribution to the streetscaPe of Salamanca Place.~~

~~93 Consenation o Policy~~

~~93.1 General~~

The Governrnent Printer may be retained, adapted, redeveloped or o demolished Constraints for the adaptation of this buil its relationship to neighbouring buildings and ate precinct and wider Environments. The oppor its adaptation are outlined below. o Parameters for the design of replacement structures are give in Section 3.3.6

9.3.2 Use o Continuation of the existing use ,nay be appropriate but is not an essential consenation objective. The continuity of Government Printer activity in the precinct is of slight historical significance. Alternative light industial uses may be feasible. Improved vertical circulation and upgraded environmental services would most likely be o required. Proper cbntrols to manage potential conflict with other uses within the precinct should be maintained.

The buil.ding may be adapted for alternative non-indusn'ial uses. The considerable floor to floor height of the building and the extensive glass o area in the walls are attributes which may suit adaptation to specialized uses such as exhibition space, gallery, and studios. These attributes also provide an opportunity to create impresiive and extensive formal, public recePtion or circulation spaces. These-spatial qualities and its location may make the building suitable for the extension of Parliamentary uses. o Adaptation of the building for ffice use may be appropriate. This would require the provision of upgraded environmental services, egress facilities and contemporary office accommodation standards generally.

The ground floor spaces addressing Salamanca Place may be retained for for shopfront or public interface uses. Uses at street level which generate o or support pedestrian activity would be preferred. The seParate access to this area should be retained.

933 Adaptation o Adaptation of the facade should maintain the streetscape continuity established by the nearby historic buildings, in particular the Salantanca Place extension to St. Marv's and Parliantent House.

~~PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv' 1992 o Autral Archaeology Flighrparh Archirecrs 105 o~~

~~GOVERNMENT PRINTER Conservation Policy o If the building is retained the principal address and entrance to Salamanca Place shouU be retained~~

~~93.4 Key Policies o~~

The I{t motor room and plant room the top of the serttice core on the north- east corner should in the long term be modified to minimise is detrimental intrusion on views to Parliatnent House. This may be achieved by demolition of the lift motor and plant room structure to parapet level. A lightweight enclosure for the lift motor room of minimum size may then be d o constructed to reduce visual impact. Air handling plant and ductwork should be removed from this level and a less intrusive location for this plant should be identified. All external pipework and ducts on the eastern side of the building should be removed. o

~~93.5 Archaeological Policy~~

There are no archaeologically significant deposits or features within or under this building. o A separate conservation policy has been prepared for the retaining wall which abuts the northern side of this buildine.

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 1Oit Autral Archaeology Flighlpath Architects o o~~

~~Physical Analysis STATE OFFICES o 10 STATE OFFICES o 10.1 Physical Analysis~~

~~10.1.1 Construction~~

The State Offices building is a fifteen level concrete framed structure o completed in the late 1960's. It is composed of a predominantly black refiazz;o clad podium which incorpora .es the lower three levels including the ground floor / reception level. Above this the concrete frame cantilevers out beyond the wall line and is exposed. Aluminium framed curtain wall glazing is located behind the concrete frame. A dark coloured aluminium spandrel occurs below sill height. o The top floor caretakers flat is set back and a roof terrace is provided around the perimeter of the building. This is enclosed by a wired glass screen fixed between the vertical members of the concrete frame which is carried above the roof line. Sunshading is provided on the western side of the building only by way of horizontal aluminium louvres to each bay of the concrete o frame.

The building has a centrally located lift and services core incorporating four passenger lifu, a goods lift, two stair wells and toilet facilitie.s. Th_e_ground floor entrance lob6y is now lined in timber in similar fashion to the House of Assembly and parts of the Social Welfare Department. o

~~LO.l.2 Condition tion generally. Deterioration of the external o staining of the concrete frame and the fading PParent.~~

~~Given the age of the building, asbestos is likely to have been used as lagging to hot water pipes. o 10.13 Integrity~~

The building retains a high degree of integrity having undergone only minor internal alterations since is completion. o The siting of the building is unsympathetic, forming an over-scale and uncompromising backdropio Parliament House. The building's comparative height'and bullimake it the dominant building on the precinlt which belies its subordinate function. o

~~PARLI.AMEIfIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv' 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archirecls 707 o~~

~~STATE OITICES Significance o~~

~~10.1.4 Archaeological~~

lue to the deep foundations required to support a building of this height, no physical evidence of the warehouses which occupied this site prior to the o coDstruction of the state government building in 1966 are likely to remain.

LO.z Signilicance o The State ffices building is of slight significance as one of the earliest high rise buildings in Hobart It was one of a number of projecs which reflect Hobart in the 1960s and which dramatically At the time the State Offices buildins was seen velopment of the entire city block. o The buiWing dotninates the precinct and in doing so detracts from the setting oJ the significant historic buil.dings, in particular of Parliarnent House. From Murray Street the dark recesied base contrasts sharply with the wann stone colours Parliament House. From the Parliamentary Gardens and Salamanca Place the the Parliament House, dom eting a expression and balance docu to the existence of Parliament House, moving the building marginally away and "limiting" the height, demonstrate an awareness of is visual impact alongside an acceptance of its inevitability.

The building has a high degree of design and physical integrity. o The disregard for the scale and texture of the historic streetscape compromises .the sense of historic and physical continuity in this part of the precinct This typifies the post war approach to redevelopment of the city. At street level the windowless blach base, deeply recessed entrance and double flight of steps further alienate the building from its context. o

103 Conservation Policy o This building is intrusive and overscaled. It dominates and detracts from and in particular of Parliament House. The general building and is facade treatment are inappropriate in ficant historic precinct. House and the State o isparity of scale and of the State Offices ly separate the two buildings when viewed from the Parliamentary Gardens. The species selected should be as tall as possible in order to form an effective backdrop to Parliament House when mature. o

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMEI.TIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 108 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

Conservation Policy STATE OFFICES o This area is currently used as carparking, accessed from Murray Street. Clear stemmed trees would require protection and minor reorganisation of parking layout. o This planting would also screen the intrusive 1980 additions at the rear of Parliament House.

103.1 General a The State Affi.ces may be rctaineQ altereQ redeveloped or dentolished The building c to the precinct and in particular to Parliament and scale of the building and its facade treatm ity and coherence of the precinct. The building intrudes on views of Parliament House. o The following conservation objectives for this building principally concern amelioration of its detrimental impact on the streetscape and precinct.

103.2 Short Term Options o In the short tenn the visual intpact of the State ffices frorn the lower end of Murray Street shouU be arneliorated by landscaping. Large canopy trees between Parliament House and the State Offices would ameliorate the disparity of scale and contrasting character at ground level, screen the dark base of the State Offices when vie ved from the waterfront and visually o separate the two buildings when viewed from the Parliamentary Gardens. The species selected should be as tall as possible in order to form an effective backdrop to Parliament Ho se when mature. The use of advanced trees would achieve an immediate benefit.

~~This area is currently used as carparking, accessed from Mqlray Street. o Minor reorganisation'of the parking layorit may be required. Tre6s would requfe stem protectlon.~~

Redeveloprnent of the Murray Street entrance and facade at street lev'el to provi"de continuity with the historic buildings would be d.esirable. This may be feasible if undertaken in ision of more o satisfactory public disabled ay Street and improvements to the entrance s for any such redevelopment should include t ls and detailing at a human scale at street level. o 1033 Medium Term Options

~~In the mediurn tenn anteliorative action to reduce the visual impact of the building would be desirable.~~

This could be achieved by recladding of the facades to form a more neutral o and sympathetic backdrop to Parliament House. A facade treatment which achieves a high proportion of solid to void, a horizontal design emphasis,

~~PARLIAMEI\IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July- 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirecu 109 o~~

~~STATE OTTICES Conservation Folicy o reduced relief and shading and which uses masonry materials or tonings would substantially reduce the visual intrusiveness of the building.~~

This work would entail considerable cost that could not be justified on conservation grounds alone. However a number of issues including asbestos removal and spalling of the externa o in the future. These works are all expenditure and therefore present a maintain the intrusive appearance of the tower.

103.4 I-ong lbrm Options o term the State Offices may be demolished and the site This opportunity may arise in conjunction with the coordinated nt of oth-er sites in thb precinct. l\ny new building on this site should be built to the street boundary and should at least maintain the present curtilage from Parliament House. Current planning guidelines set a height o limit o-f four stories for new development in the Suilivan's Cove Precii'ct. Additional parameters for the design of new buildings are give in Section 3.3.6.

~~Should the demolition of the building be deferred for a significant period its cultural significance should be reassessed. o~~

~~103.5 Archaeological Policy~~

~~There are no archaeologically significant deposis or features within or under this building. o~~

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 110 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Physical Analysis PABX o 11 PABX o 11.1 Physical Analysis~~

~~11.1.1 Construction~~

The three storev PABX buildine was constructed in Salamanca Place in o 1975.It is a loa-d bearing coDcre-te walled structure with concrete first and second floor slabs spanning the entire building. The basement is primarily car park and plant room.

The walls up to the height of tbe second floor windows, are clad in horizontally banded sandstone of similar colour to Parliament House and the a new Law C-ourts on the opposite side of Salamanca Place. The banding continues the existing plinth detailing on the facade of the Government Printers building. Above this plinth line the PABX building has a mansard style dark metal panel section with a flat steel deck roof.

The building was designed to be extended. The rear wall of the apparatus o room at first floor level is a lightweight timber framed structure clad in corrugated sheet metal. The first floor slab has exposed protruding reinforcing starter bars for future extension..

lt.t.2 Condition o The PABX is in good condition. There is evidence of minor roof failure and water penetration above the second floor locker room. The building is aces under-utilized. The equipment which house is technologically o outdated and has aced with a much smaller computer controll is housed in the original cable chamber in the basement floor.

The battery room in the basement remains in use as does the plant room but the airconditioning plant is now much larger than is required to service the o remaining functio-nd. The major spaces 6f tle fint fl6or are empty. The telephonist operating room on the second floor is still used but this function could be housed in a smaller space.

~~11.13 Integrity o The building has had minor internal alterations and retains a high degree of integrity. The original PABX equipment has been removed.~~

~~Lt.t.4 Archaeological o The P.AB.X. building is one of the most recent additions to the block. When constructed it replaced an old warehouse which had been on the allotment~~

~~PARLI,AMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighlpath Archirecrs 111 o~~

~~PABX Significance o~~

since the 1880s. The warehouse had initially belonged to the Anglo- Australian Guano Company. Immediately prior to its demolition, it had been occupied by the Deparime'nt of Social Seit,ices. The P.,A..B.X. building is a three storey building with a deep basement. Due to its deepL footings,e - all traces of eailier struc-tures are likelv to have been destroyed. O

tr.2 Significance The PABX buiding is not historically significant. o The fact that the building is now largely redundant reflects the rapid rate of change in communication technology since the mid 1970's.

~~Architecturally, the building is of minor interest in its reflection of 1970's contextual design philosophy, and in its expression of flexibility and O potential expansion.~~

The building makes a neutral contribution to the streetscape of Salamanca Place, continuing the hard urban edge and mediating between the scale of the Government Priiter and Parliament'House. The a-cute angle formed by the building terminates the hard edge of street defining lacades stron_gly defines O the laneway corner and accentuates the setback of Parliament House from Salamanca Place.

~~O 113 Conservation Policv~~

~~The PABX buiWing may be retainey' altered or detnolished and redeveloped~~

~~113.1 Use o~~

~~The building is largely redundant and underutilised. The current uses could be further consolidated within the buildins or relocated elsewhere in the precinct.~~

The building is convenient to Parliament House, the various Government o offices within the precinct, the Law Courts, St David's Park and the Sullivan's Cove and Salamanca Place tourist areas. Uses at street level which support pedestrian vitality and activity would be preferred.

The large clear span spaces on the ground and first floors with high ceilirlgs provide an opportunity for uses such as a recreation or gymnasium, studio, o performance, exhibition or seminar facilities. Open plan office uses could also be accommodated.

~~Limited daylighting, particularly at ground floor level is a constraint of the present fenestration. o The lack of a lift would exclude uses requiring disabled or public access.~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMEI.IIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 71.2 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Consen'ation Policy PABX o~~

~~LL3.2 Adaptation o Constrains for the adaptation of the PABX building principally concern the relationship of this building to its neighbours and its impact on the streetscape.~~

The fenestration may be altered to hnprove daylighting and reduce the scale o of the entrance voi.d- Additional floors may be added to the building. The massing and height of any vertical extension should produce a building envelope which does not overshadow or dominate Parli rment House. The bulk of such work should abut and not exceed the height of the Government Printer. The facade should be built to the Salamanca Place boundary but set back from the o eastern wall facing Parliament House to create a podium effect.

~~The PABX building may be extended to the rear to infill the existing lightwell. o 1133 Archaeological Policy~~

~~There are no archaeologically significant deposits or features within or under this building. o~~

~~PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN Julv-113 1992 o Austral Archaeology Flighrpath Archirects o~~

~~ROADWAYS, I-ANEWAYS & WALLS Physical Analysis~~

~~o L2 ROADWAYS.I"ANEWAYS AND WALLS~~

The existing pattern of roadw accoss to the rear of the buil interesting to note that the p o presence of the earliest buil warehouses on Salamanca P complex on Davey Street. Su has ensured that the original c have survived more or less intact. o What is not evident is the de features. The levels have obvi were erected but some survivi the Government Printers and (Area F), appear to be original o evidence of original laneway surfaces; asphalt and have had modern services fabric of the laneways and roadways cannot be considered to have any integrity at all. However, the spaces defined by the laneways and roadways are themselves important. a

~~12.t Physical Analysis~~

~~o 12.1.1 Archaeological~~

Historical investigation buildings has indicated that they clea er, due to the disturbances caus6d by nd cellars and the presence of numer and electrical o service lines, there is generally likely to be limited stratigraphic integrity below the bitumen surface.

Nevertheless, some of the roadways, laneways and other areas are considered to have some arc Salamanca Win.g of the building], a Crntral Roadway Offices], Retaining wall between Government P ca Wing @igure 19), The sandstone wall and wrought iron fence adjacent to Parliament House and running along Murray Street. a

~~could be expected to reveal details of topography, filling, subsequent land usage and old surfaces. a~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN 774 Astral Archaeology Flightpath Archilects o o~~

~~Physical Analysis ROADWAYS, LAI'{EWAYS & WALIJ SAND STONE TERRACED \\ALL o~~

~~HydroElectric Building~~

~~Car Port o Sandstone Area Roofed Over Terraced lrlhll o Brick Wall o Govemment Printin-g~~

~~Sew'erage Inles o~~

~~o Top Of Sandstone Tenaced \\hll (elevation -5 0Tmetres) o~~

~~o Area Roofed~~

~~To Salamanca Place o I~~

~~Scale g- 5 l0m. Figure 19 Detail plan of the sandstone terraced wall located between the o Government Printer and the Salamanca Wing of St Mary's.~~

~~PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN ttt tt?3 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archilecrs o o~~

~~ROADWAYS, I.ANEWAYS & WALLS Physical Analysis~~

~~o Salamanca Wing Laneways The Salamanca Wing (Area F) is b sandstone wall constructed in 188 ich have probabl areas around the he southern and o have a high degree of archaeological integrity.~~

The laneway on the southern side of the Salamanca Wing originally contained three toilet blocks with a total of 15 toilets8T. These were probably either long-drop type cesspits or unsewered water closets as historic drainage plans of t[e area do not show any sewer lines. Physical inspection of the area o ievealed three [12.5cm/5 inch]-broken off terracotta pipes which may !e either the base bf educt vents or lower connections of the toilet pedestals. The toilet block was built alongside the 1883 retaining wall. The positionlng of these pipes corresponds to ihe toilet block shown-on the the igO9, tgtO and 1946 drainage pl-ans of the area. None of these plans indicate that these toilets were connected to the city's sewerage system. o Excavation of this area is likely to reveal the original topography of the site, the nature of the fill material used to level it and details of the structures which once existed there. It may also provide artefactual material which relates to the users of the buildings. B-eneath the concrete paving w_high currently caps the area, there is probably more structural evidence of the toilet block itself. o

The area on the east side of the Salamanca Wing apparently only ever contained a laneway. Excavation of this area would also reveal details of the original topography, fill materials and any other undocumented uses of the area. o Central Roadway The central roadwav which runs north-south down the middle of the site and provides access to the Street and Salamanca Place buildings has been an a out the whole built history of the site. It is impossible the alteration in ground levels o which have occurred over time within the constraints of the present survey. The presence of sewer and drainage manhole covers indicates that extensive and probably deep disturbance has indicates the archaeological integrity this part of the site as there may be p have survived intact and have hieh i could be expected to reveal details o a usage and old surfaces.

Retaining Wall Lying between the Salamanca Place extension of the St. Mary's building (Area F) and the modern Government Printers office is a five metre deep sandstone retaining wall. This terraced wall was established between 1.883 a and 1886 in ordel to compensate for the level changes caused by the construction of the Salamanca extension to the St. Mary's building. Following a collapse along its south-westerly face in 7977 it was buttressed

~~87 ibid o~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN 116 Arstral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Significance ROADWAYS, LAITIEWAYS & MLIJ o for additional strength. The wall has since remained intact tbough other buildings have been constructed both over and around it [Figure 19].~~

~~nt House and form the perimeter ion date has been determined for o rly style.~~

~~t2.2 Significance o L2.2.1 Eistoric Signifrcance~~

The central roadway is historically significant as it is a surviving feature from the early subdivision and subsequent development of the site. It has been an important service corridor since to the centre of the site since the o block became fully developed and still fulfills that role.

The laneways on the south and east sides of the Salamanca Wing of the St Mary's building are historically significant as they are contemporary with the building and served as original service corridors. o The retaining wall is historically significant as it dates from the 1883 construction of the Salamanca Wing- Tbe wall was designed so that the Salamanca Wing could be built at one level and face onto Davey Street.

~~The sandstone wall and wrought iron fence adjacent to Parliament House and running along Munay St are significant as historic elements which define the o boundary of the site.~~

~~L2.2.2 Environmental Signifi cance~~

~~The central roadway provides a visual and spatial demarcation line between o the Salamanca Pla-ce buildings, Murray St:reet buildings and Parliament House.~~

~~The retaining wall is an imposing feature of the precinct and clearly shows the steep fall of tbe original slope of the site prior to is development. o L2.23 Archaeological Significance~~

The central roadway is archaeologically significant as it may reveal details of topography, filling, drainage history, subsequent land usage and former o surfaces. The laneways oD the south and east sides of the Salamanca Wing of the St may reveal details of nd usage and former or material evidence o

~~PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Archirecs 177 o o~~

~~ROADWAYS, LANEWAYS & WALIJ Conserration hlicy~~

~~o The retaining wall is archaeologically significant as an original structural feature.~~

~~The sandstone wall and wrought iron fence adjacent to Parliament House and running along Munay St arE abo archaeolo-gically significant as probable original structural features. O~~

123 Conservation Policy Salamanca Wing @uilding F) Laneways Central Roadwav o Retaining wall b'etrveen Government Printer and Salamanca Wing The sandstone wall and wrought iron fence adjacent to Parliament House and running along Munay St

~~L23.1 Use O~~

~~Roadways & Laneways -used for other potential New of the existing s on adaptive re-use. o~~

~~The central roadway should continue to be used as an access corri"dor for the site. Any redoeloptnent of the area shouW be cognizant of the historical significance of this roadway.~~

~~Retaining Wall o The retaining wall should be conserved and maintained~~

~~Sandstone Wall & \ilrought Inon Fence The wall and fence shoul.d also be conserted and maintained o 123.2 Archaeological Policy~~

~~(a) Archaeological investigation is not required in these areas unless they are threatened by d.oeloptnents as outlined in (b) and (c) below.~~

(b) /n the event of major earthworks or qcavations being planned (eg. as o part of a fumre redevelopnent of the site), a prograrnrne of archaeological test uccvation shouW be undertaken prior to any site worlcs comrnencing. Depending on the results of the test excavations, area excavations may be required to determine the cultural significance of below ground remains and artefacts. This programme will determine whether such remains should be conserved in situ or recorded and removed. a

~~Julv 1992 PARLIAMEI\"IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 1113 Arstral Archaeology FtighlPath Architecs o o~~

Conscnadon Follcy ROADWAYS, I,ANEWAYS & WALIS o (c) In the qent of minor earthworks or sccpations being plamed (eg. nevv drains, lanevvay re-su ground surfaces), an undcnalcen as part of are rqealed lhese should be recorfud and their culural significance assessed The decision whether to record/rcmove or record/retain such o features should be at the discretion of the supervising archaeologist

~~PARLTAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv' 1992 AwtralArchacology FlighrpathArchirecrs 779 o o~~

~~o 13 CONSERVATION PRIORITIES~~

~~This section identifies and prioritizes conservation objectives detailed in the policy sections of this repori. Objectives are listed beldw in order of priority. o Conservation Input~~

conservation policies. All future work on the precinct-established should be guided by Procedures should be to ensure conservation policies are incorporated in any development action. o St Mary's: Urgent Consen'ation Work

The security measures outlined in Section 6.3.9 designed to prevent unauthorised access and reduce the 'isk to the significant fabric of theft, o vandalism and arson should be undertaken immediately. The rainwater disposal system for this building should be rationalized and repaired and an ongoing maintenance programme initiated.

~~Monitoring and documentation of reconstructed masonrv walls S '6.7.2 to o discussed in Section should undertaken by a structural engineer w of the walls and identifying the cause of failure.~~

Health Department Occupation of St. Mary's o The adhoc and uncontrolled expansion of the Health Department into various sections of the St. Mary's building should be arrested. Refurbishment or long term use of sections of the Uui-tOing recommended for demolition (refer to Section 6.3.3) should not be undertaken.

St. Mary's: and Reuse o Adaptation The adaptation and reuse of this building in line with the policies giYqn T Section-6.3 of this report should be undertaken as a matter.of high conservation priority. The present vacancy of most of the building increases risks to the historic fabric due to fire, thefi and vandalism. Adaptation work for reuse of the building will ensure that basic conservation objectives are o met and ongoing maintenance undertaken.

~~Health Department: Caretakers Flat~~

No adaptation should be undertaken in the basement Caretaker's Flat without the guidance of proper conservation policies and under the supervision of a o cons--ervation archit&t. Inappropriat-e adaptation may irreversibly damage the significant fabric.and affect the high level of integrity.

~~Parliament House: Tiee Planting~~

~~A stand of advanced trees should be established between Parliament House o and the State Offices as recommended in Sections 4.3.3 & 70.3.2.~~

~~PARLLdI\,IENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July 1992 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects 721 o o~~

~~o 14 BIBLIOGRAPEY~~

A large proportion of the detail specific to the State buildings recorded in this ripoh Sas extracted from ntei tren in the State Archivel of Tasmania, particularly those of PWD in the text. In o C,ommitter on Public a great deal of relevant detail. The detail were the files of the C-olonia Archives tSO). Newspapers quoted ar Serials sriction of thei State Library of Thsmania. Nineteenth Century directories and guides are held in the Thsmaniana Library. Government o building specifications are held in the State Office.s library along with plans.

Court, M., and Edwards, K., A Statement of Cultural Significance of St. Mary's Hospital. Davey Street. Hobart, Hobart, 1990. o Cyclopedia of Thsmania 1900, Hobart, 1900. Cyclopaedia of Thsmania.1931, Hobart, 193L.

~~o Historical Records of Australia~~

~~Hudspeth, A & Scripps, L., Hobart, 1987.~~

~~Eudspeth, A. & Scripps, L., Sullivan's Cove Historical Research: Central o C.ove. Hobart, 1990.~~

Kelly, G.B., A Background to the History of Nursing in Thsmania. Hobart, t977. o Kerr, J.S., The Conservation Plan, Sydney, 1990. Lord, R., Inscriptions in Stone: St. David's Burial Ground 1804-1872, Hobart, L976.

~~McKay, A., Journals of the Land Co o 1826-8. Hobart, 7962. MacPhail's National Directory of tsmania for 1867-8, Hobart, 1.867.~~

~~Morton, J., The Hobart Coffee Palace Visitor's Guide to Hobart and Suburbs, Hobart, c. 1887. a Phi Lighton Floyd & Beattie,~~

~~Hobart, 1~~

~~Robertson, E.G., Early Buildings of Southern tsmania Vol 1, Melbourne, a L970.~~

~~PARLIAME}fIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July 1992 Ar.stral Archaeology Flightpath Archirecrs 123 o o~~

~~BIBLIOGRAPHY~~

~~Royal Australian Institute of Architects, Thsmanian Chapter, AIehilgCUIal O Guide to the City of Hobart. Hobart. n.d.~~

~~Rowntree, A, "Early Growth of the Port of Hobart", IHB&BP, vol. 3, no. 6, pp 92-10t, L954.~~

~~Rowntree, A., uThe History of Parliament House" (unpubtished radio talk), a 1956.~~

~~Ryan, L., The Aborisinal Thsmanians. St. Lucia, Qld., 1981.~~

~~Smith, Roy, , Launceston,t962. t Solomon, R.J., Urbanisation. The Evolution of an Australian Capital. Sydney,1976.~~

~~Sprod, TD., Victorian and Edwardian Hobart from Old Photographs. Sydney, L976. O Stone, C. & Tyson, P., , Lilydale, Vic., 1978.~~

~~Technic 10 Pty. Ltd., 34 Davey Street West. Alterations for the Law Department, Hobart, 1983. a~~

~~Technic 10 Pty. Ltd. Stonework Restoration. 34 Davey Street WesL Hobart, 1984.~~

~~Wettenhall, R.L., A Guide to Thsmanian Government Administration. Hobart, 1968. O~~

~~July 1992 PARLTAMEI.{TARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN 124 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architecs a o~~

~~o 15 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS~~

This report was jointly prepared by Austral Archaeology, Flightpath Architects and Amanda Parrish, Consultant. o eology) chitects) ant) o The team wish to thank the followins for their assistance with various aspects of the project:

Jim Ovens of the Department of Construction Martin Davies of the Department of Parks, Wildlife & Heritage The DEP and DTF Steering Committee. o Photographs are reproduced by permission of the Hobart C_ity Couqgil, t!9 State Offices Libraiy and the ilimanian Museum and Art Gailery (TMAG) as acknowledged in individual captions. o Eistorical Analysis Acloowledgements (by Amanda Panish)

Cnateful acknowledgement is made to the staffof: the Parliamentary Library the Tasmaniana Librarv the State Archives of Thsmania, especially Jill Waters o Thanks are also extended to: Judy Jensen of the State Offices Library Vicki Farmerv and Alison Melrose of the Thsmanian Museum and Art Gallery J Ian Bennett of Philp, Lighton, Floyd & Beattie o Jim Ovens of the Department of Construction.

~~PARLIAMEI.{IARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN July 1992 Austral Archaeology Flightpalh Architecls r25 o a~~

~~APPEITIDD(A ProJect Brief~~

~~16 APPENDIX A PROJECT BRIEF a~~

~~THE DEPARIMEhIT OF CONSTRUCTION TASII{ANIA o~~

~~ACTING FOR o THE DEPARTMEIYT OF EIWIRONME}.IT & PI.ANNING AI\D TEE DEPARTMEI{T OF TREAST]RY A}ID FINANCE~~

~~COMMISSION BRIEF'FOR A CONSERVATION PI-AI.I OF TEF' PARLIAMEIVTARY PRECINCT o EOBART~~

~~COMMISSION NI]MBER NOO78 o~~

~~o F:EBRUARY T992~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN L26 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Pnoject Brief APPENDIXA o~~

l. COMMISSION II\IFORMATION COtvnfiSSION TITLE: A CONSERVATION PIJ\N OF TIIE PARLIAMENTARY o PR.ECINCT COMMISSIONNT'MBER NOO78 2. INTRODUCTION EP) and The Department of Strategic Planning Study of o a Steering Group together r this purpose. This Study is to be conducted in four (4) parts, as follows: EXAMPLE: o Part l. Measured survey of Ddsting Buildings and site. Part 2. Audit of l)Current Function of Spaces. ii) Functional relatioriships. Part 3. Conservatlon Plan of the Precinct. o Part 4. Brief for future needs. Functional accommodaUon requlrements. , the Study Team will proceed with comrnendations: and TacUcs and Detalled studies including detatl may be required as part of o This Comnlssion ls to undertake "(Part 3) - the Conservatlon Plan for tbe keclncf' The Department of Construction is to Administer the Commission on behalf of The Deirartment of Treasury and Finance and The Department of o Environment and Planning. 3. STTIDY AREA

The Study Area is the Precinct bounded by Davey, Murray,-anA Morrison Streets and Salamanca Place. The Precinct comp-rises b-uitdings tana owned entirely by the State Government. o A number of previous studies have been carried out on individual buildings, and these wiil be made available for inclusion in the Conservation PIan as= required. A list of available Documents is Appendlxed to this Commission. o

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv' 1992 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects r27 o o~~

~~APPENDIXA Project Brief~~

~~4. scoPE oF woRx~~

~~Precinct ls to be prepared ln accordance with J S ". to address the issdes of Herltage, Conservation. o~~

~~Ian should be set at the level o er detailed studies on individu n Plan and ca:ried out bevond c o s. The~~

~~The outcome of this Studv is to be as follows:~~

4.01 Understanding the History and Development of tlle Site. o (a) Research and assimilaUon fo historical material with phvsical analysis of the site and its component elements. to prbvilde a basis on which to assess the significance of the Site'.

tb) 4n ptg.rpJetation- of the structural development and past uses c the buildings and o her features of the si[e, parUcularly in relaUon to the present fabric. o (c) A zoning plan to identi$ zones of archeological and archCtectural sensiUvity.

~~4.O2 Assessments of Signilicance.~~

~~(a) Statements of signlficance for the Site as a whole and as individual components. o~~

tb) Assessments of the site features and bufldines as to their historical, social aesthetic and scienUlic v ilu-e, establishins a hierarchy of value for buildings and build ng fabric. tal Floor plans and site plan showinA the areas and features identified in the anal_vsrs. o +.UJ Analysis of Constraints, Limitations and Opportunities. (a) An analt'sis of the constraints and limitaUons arising from the assessments of signifi cance.

~~h) In consultaUon with the Study Group, develop guidelines for, and nominate, appropriate end use occupancy,-and o consen'ation works rr tJle Precinct and individual buildings.~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMEI\IARY PRECINCT CONSERVANON PLAN 128 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Project Brief APPENDIXA o~~

~~(c) Identifv ln outllne. the condltion of stmctures ln the Precinct and ariy signlficant elements under immediate threat' o 4.O4 Conservation Policy~~

~~DeveloD a ConservaUon Policy for the Maintenance and conservatton of stgnificant aspects of the site.~~

4.05 ConservaUon Strategr o Where items of significance for conservaUon are identified, propose schedulin-g in order of priorit)" -and a Conseiiation Strategl aeline any Uming requirements idenufying arry signiticant structures und :r immediate threat. Anv additional detailed studies, outside tJre scope of t}-is study' which may be required, should be idenUfied. o 4.06 Pubhc Access and InterPretaUon Where applicable. identi$ any areas of potentid public interest for access and I erPretation.

5. AVAII,ABLE INFORMATI ON o Refer to the Appendix I attached to this Commission Brief, which is a list of recent Studies 'carrieA out on the Precinct that can be made available to the Consultant. Site drawings and floor plans o compiled..as, a concurrent &ercise. plan3 of the made available. alterations may n : o however some recent Parliament House,

~~o 6. SITE ACCESS Access to the Site is to be co-ordinated through the Study Co-ordinator. and with the Client permission and guidance. o~~

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July' 1992 Austral Archaeology Flighrparh ArcNtects 729 o o~~

~~APPE}IDIXA Project Brief~~

~~7. FORIIAT OF THE RTPORT~~

~~e o~~

~~8. PEASAS REgIJTRED At{D PROGRAMME Phases Phase A - Interim Report on hogress o Phase B - Draft Final Report and PresentaUon PhaseC-FinalReport~~

The completion of Phases A to C is required within weeks of the Commission being let. Phase B is requlred with 2l weeks. o 9. STI'DY SI'PERVISION AI\ID LIAISON The Study will be under tJre supervision of the Study Group. The Study Co-ordinator and Department of ConstmcUon Liaison Ofticer administering the commission is Mr Jim ovens, phone number (oo2) 33 o 3r06.

The Consultant shall maintain frequent contact with this Derson to advise on project data. techntcal information, progress and issuts encountered in programming. lo. SECONDARY CONSI'LTANTS o Should Secon_dary Consultants be required, tl.e Consultant shall nominate them in their Submission.

on receiving the Department of construcuon's formal approval. the Consultant shall engage the Secondarlr Consultants, and shall b'e'responsible for supervision and co-ordinaUon of th-e servlces provided by them. o 11. FEE SI'BIItrSSION

The co mit their fee submission on a lump sum basis with a breakd to c. The lump sum shall incl'de all Secondary Consul other costs. Fe-es shall be indicated on an hourly basis d limit lump sum. o L2. CONDITIONS OF ENGAGETf,FNT

~~This document shall be read in conjunction with the Department of Constn:cUon's CondlUons of Engagementl Julv 1985.~~

~~July 1992 PARLIAMENTARY PRE CINCT CONSERVATI ON PLAN 130 Austral Archaeology Flightpath Architects o o~~

~~Project Brief APPENDIXA o~~

~~13. COMMENCEMENT OF WORK The Consultant shall not commence any work under thts Commlssion unttl o formally advtsed ln a Commlssiontng lett-er. L4. OWNERSHIP AND COPTRIGHT~~

~~o ConstnrcUon. The Department m informaUon gained in the course of papers. or other publications acknowledged and that confidenfi o~~

~~PARLIAMENIARY PRECINCT CONSERVAIION PLAN July 1992 Auslral Archaeology Flightpath Architecs 131 o o~~

~~t7 APPENDIX B BURRA CHARTER o~~

THE AUSTRALIA ICOMOS CHARTER FOR THE o CONSERVATION OF PLACES OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE (The Burra Charter) o Preamble Explanalory Notes Having regard (o ilrc lnrcr nar ionai Charter for the Thcc nor* do not form pan of thc Charrc. and ma)" bc added lo b! Conservation and Restoration of lr,lonuments and Sites Ausrraha lCOltOS (Vcnice 1966). and thc Resolutions of 5th Gcneral Assembly of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICON'lOS) (lr'loscou l9?8), the following Charter u'as adopted b1' Ausrralia ICOMOS on l9th August 1979 at Burra Burra- Revisions were adopred on o 23rd Februarl' l98l and on 23 April 1988.

Definitions Article l. For the purpose of this Charrer: l.l Ploce means site . arca. building or orher work, Artaclc l. I group of buildings or other works tog.cther wirh Placc includcs glructur6. ruins, rrchaolotical lir?5 and landrafEl associated contents and surroundings. modificd by human .cIiviry. o 1.2 Culturol signi.ficonce means aesrheric. hisroric, scientific or social value for pasl, present or future

generar lons - l-3 Fobric means all rhe ph1'sical material of the ptoce. 1.1 Conservotion means ail rhe processes of looking a(ter a plora .^ 3( :^ 13..;n ;ts cz!:t:c! si6;1icance. It includts nnintenonce and may according to o circumstance include preserrotion, restoro!ion, reconstruction anc odoptottoa and will be commonlr a combination of more than one of r hese.

~~1.5 ll'laintenanc? means rhe conrinuous protecrire care A.liclc l -5 of the tohric, conrents and serring of a ploce, and Thc drstrnctions rcfcrrcd ro in Aniclc l -S. for~~

~~l. t' R est oro t t o n rn~~

~~PARLIAME}]-f,ARY PRECINCT CONSERVATION PLAN Julv'132 1992 Austral Archaeology Flightparh Archilecls o o~~

~~Buma Charter APPENDIX B o~~

Conscrvalion Principlcs Aflicfe 2. Thc aim of conservotion is to rctairr thc culiurttl Artr.l. l signiliconcc ol a ploce and must includr' provision [or its ( onrcr.atron should nor bc uodcatalcn rrnlcss adcquatc .crouac3! ars o security. its nninlenonce and its futurc. availablc ro cnJu.c thar thc fahric is nor lcfr in a vulncrablc llatc and thar rhc cuhural rr6nificancc of tlrt phct rs trol Inrptr.d Hoqcvc. rr must bc cmDhasrrd tlrat thc bcst conrr.atrorr oftcn Inlolv6 lhc lcall urrrl and can tx rnerpcn:rvc

Article J. Conseryotion is based on a respecr for thc A.riclc.l cxisting Jobric and should involvc rhc lcast possiblc Thc tracer of addrirons.:licriilons and aarlrcr trcaimcn(! orr tlrc fabric a place are cviCencc of rrr hr3ror) and uscs physical intervention. lt :lrould rror disrorr the evicicnce of L. a-A-,- Conscr.,at:on :crion thculC !.nd tc f,l'.rit t::hcr llisi li ;firrcdc th

Aflicle 4. Conservotion should make use of all tlre disciplincs u'hich can contribute to (he stud!'and safe- guarding of a ploce. Techniques employed should be traditional but in some circumsrances rhey may bc o modern ones for uhich a firm scientific basis exists and uhich have been supported by a body oI erpericnce.

~~Article 5. Consertotion o[ a ploce should take inro con- sidcration all aspects of its culturat significonce u irhour unwarranted cmphasis on any onc aspect at thc cxpensc o of othcrs.~~

Article 6. The conservation policy appropriare to a ploce Articl.6 must first bc detcrmined bv an understandine ".f its An undcrslanding of thc culrr.al significancc of a placc rs csscntial to cultural signirtconce. its proJrr con*rvation Thrs should bc achicred b1 mcans of r thorough invo1i331lsn rculting in a rcport cmbodl-ing, a slarcment of cultural significac Thc fomal adoprion of a srarcmcnt of culruralsi8nifiancc gscnr prcrcq l prcpararron at policl o is :n ial uisirc ro hc of a conscrr ron

~~Article ?. The conservation polic), u.ill dercrmine rr hich Aflicl. ? uses are compatible. Contrnurtl of thc usc of a pla;e rn a partrcular qa) ft3) bc :rgnrfr._ant and thcrcforc dcsirablc~~

Arlicfe t. Conservation requires the maintenance Lia an A.rrcl. E o appropriatc visual setting: e.g., form. scale. coiour. Ncu conltru.-tion *o.\. rncludrnE rnfill and addrtrons. ma-v trc texlure and matcrials. No nes construcrion. dcmollrion acccplablc. prosidcd: or modification u.hich u,ould adversely'affecr rhc seltrng it docs nor rcducc or obscur. thc culiural rrgnrfriancc of ihc placa should be alloued. Environmcntal insrrusions u hich rt is rn \ccprng Eilh Ailrcl< I adversely alfect appreciation or enjol'ment cf (he r.'rcc should be cxcluded.

o Article 9. A buildrng or \{'ork should rcnrarn i:. its Artrclc 9 historical locarion- The moving of all or parr of a buiijing Somc strurturcs uerc dtsrgncd to bc rcadrlr r(morahla or alrcaJr harc ( poppcl. or u'ork is unacceptable unless this is thc sol: r:rcars oI a hirtorr of lrcrrou! mo\cs. t prc[atncalcd du

~~I f anr tr rucr urc rt movcd. rt lhould bc mo!ad to an aFproprlatc tclilnf, rnd 5rren an appropnatc ug Su._h acuon should not trc to rhc darndcnl of anr placc of cultural rijrrfrcancc o~~