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Copyright © 2018 Jordan Mark Stone All Rights Reserved. the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Has Permission to Reproduce A Copyright © 2018 Jordan Mark Stone All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. A COMMUNION OF LOVE: THE ANIMATING PRINCIPLE BEHIND THE CHRISTOCENTRIC SPIRITUALITY OF ROBERT MURRAY M’CHEYNE __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Jordan Mark Stone May 2018 APPROVAL SHEET A COMMUNION OF LOVE: THE ANIMATING PRINCIPLE BEHIND THE CHRISTOCENTRIC SPIRITUALITY OF ROBERT MURRAY M’CHEYNE Jordan Mark Stone Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ J. Stephen Yuille (Chair) __________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin __________________________________________ Thomas J. Nettles Date______________________________ For Matt Boswell, David Rea, Dr. R. Carlton Wynne, and Afshin Ziafat— champions of Christ. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... vii PREFACE ........................................................................................................................ viii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1 Thesis ..................................................................................................................3 History of Research .............................................................................................4 Methodology .....................................................................................................11 2. TRUSTING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S STORY ...................................................15 Formative Years (1813–1831) ..........................................................................15 Training (1831–1835) .......................................................................................24 Ministry (1835–1843) .......................................................................................30 3. LEARNING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S CONTEXT .............................................47 Ecclesiastical Context .......................................................................................48 Philosophical Context .......................................................................................56 Cultural Context ................................................................................................61 Pastoral Influences ............................................................................................67 Historical Influences .........................................................................................75 4. KNOWING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S THEOLOGY ...........................................83 The Westminster Confession of Faith ...............................................................84 The Free Offer of the Gospel ..........................................................................105 5. LOVING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S DEVOTION ..............................................111 iv Chapter Page The Expression of Love ..................................................................................112 The Demonstration of Love ............................................................................120 The Manifestation of Love ..............................................................................130 6. COMMUNING WITH CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S SACRAMENTALISM ........135 The Word of God ............................................................................................136 The Sacraments ...............................................................................................141 Prayer ..............................................................................................................150 7. PROCLAIMING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S PREACHING ...............................162 Method ............................................................................................................161 Manner ............................................................................................................164 Message ...........................................................................................................170 8. OFFERING CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S EVANGELISM ....................................186 Evangelism and Visitation ..............................................................................189 Evangelism and Children ................................................................................192 Evangelism and Revival ..................................................................................196 Evangelism and Church Extension .................................................................203 9. DELIGHTING IN CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S SABBATARIANISM .................207 The Sabbath Railway Controversy .................................................................209 Defense of Sabbath-Keeping ..........................................................................213 Personal Devotion to Sabbath-Keeping ..........................................................220 Congregational Exhortation to Sabbath-Keeping ...........................................223 10. LOOKING FOR CHRIST: M’CHEYNE’S MILLENNIALISM .....................229 v Chapter Page Influences .......................................................................................................230 Expectations ....................................................................................................237 Implications ....................................................................................................240 The Christ of Eternity ....................................................................................244 11. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................249 Appendix MANUSCRIPTS OF ROBERT MURRAY M'CHEYNE, NEW COLLEGE LIBRARY, EDINBURGH .....................................................................................253 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................... 255 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS MACCH Manuscripts of Robert Murray M’Cheyne, New College Library, Edinburgh BOF Basket of Fragments CIS Comfort in Sorrow FL Familiar Letters HTD Helps to Devotion MAR Memoir and Remains of Robert Murray M’Cheyne NTS New Testament Sermons OTS Old Testament Sermons SC The Seven Churches of Asia SOH Sermons on Hebrews TBJ The Believer’s Joy TPH From the Preacher’s Heart TPP The Passionate Preacher WCF Westminster Confession of Faith WLC Westminster Larger Catechism WSC Westminster Shorter Catechism vii PREFACE In 2007, I first encountered Robert Murray M’Cheyne when reading D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones’ Preaching and Preachers. In these lectures given at Westminster Seminary in Philadelphia, Lloyd-Jones reminded, You remember what was said of the saintly Robert Murray McCheyne of Scotland in the last century. It is said that when he appeared in the pulpit, even before he had uttered a single word, people would begin to weep silently. Why? Because of this very element of seriousness. The very sight of the man gave the impression that he had come from the presence of God and that he was to deliver a message from God to them. That is what had such an effect upon people even before he had opened his mouth. Lloyd-Jones’ exhortation sent me on a quest to know more. M’Cheyne has encouraged my pastoral soul countless times ever since. His love for Christ convicts me, his preaching inspires me, and his ministry instructs me. I am thankful for those who helped this project come to completion. Enormous thanks go to Dr. Stephen Yuille, who stewarded this work from start to finish. He is a charter member of the modern-day M’Cheyne School. I am grateful for Mark Belonga’s initial reading and feedback. I am also indebted to the many family members and friends who have supported me with constant prayer. Of course, this study would never have happened without my wife, Emily. She is my beloved rose of Sharon. Our six little children provided an endless stream of joyful distractions from my research. It is now my delight to tell them, “I finally finished ‘the Mr. M’Cheyne book.’” Jordan Mark Stone McKinney, Texas May 2018 viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The Christian life is a spiritual life. We praise the God who is Spirit (John 4:24). We trust in Christ who has redeemed us and poured out the Holy Spirit upon us, so that we might grow in the holiness required to see God (Heb 12:14). Our walk of union and communion with Christ involves keeping in step with the Holy Spirit (Gal 5:25), as we seek to mortify sin and live to righteousness. As such, historic Christianity has always concerned itself with the nature of spirituality.1 All Christian traditions have unique emphases in their view of the Christian life.2 Some accentuate ritual sacramentalism, others a second blessing or baptism of the Holy Spirit, others a crisis experience in sanctification, and yet others the practice of the spiritual disciplines. One missing note in the growing discussions related to spirituality is how a truly biblical view of Christian spirituality must focus on God’s revelation in Christ.3 He is our life and our all
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