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Appendix a Metrics for the Smart Grid System Report

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Appendix a Metrics for the Smart Grid System Report Appendix A Metrics for the Smart Grid System Report Department of Energy | February 2012 Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... A.1 A.1 Metric #1: The Fraction of Customers and Total Load Served by Real-Time Pricing, Critical Peak Pricing, and Time-of-Use Pricing .......................................................................................... A.3 A.2 Metric #2: Real-Time System Operations Data Sharing .............................................................. A.11 A.3 Metric #3: Standard Distributed Resource Connection Policies .................................................. A.25 A.4 Metric #4: Regulatory Recovery for Smart Grid Investments ..................................................... A.35 A.5 Metric #5: Load Participation ...................................................................................................... A.43 A.6 Metric #6: Load Served by Microgrids ......................................................................................... A.53 A.7 Metric #7: Grid-Connected Distributed Generation and Storage ............................................... A.63 A.8 Metric #8: Market Penetration of Electric Vehicles and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles........... A.73 A.9 Metric #9: Grid-Responsive, Non-Generating Demand-Side Equipment .................................... A.85 A.10 Metric #10: Transmission and Distribution Reliability ................................................................ A.93 A.11 Metric #11: Transmission and Distribution Automation ............................................................. A.107 A.12 Metric #12: Advanced Meters ..................................................................................................... A.119 A.13 Metric #13: Advanced Measurement Systems ............................................................................ A.129 A.14 Metric #14: Capacity Factors ....................................................................................................... A.139 A.15 Metric #15: Generation, Transmission, and Distribution Efficiency ............................................ A.155 A.16 Metric #16: Dynamic Line Ratings ............................................................................................... A.163 A.17 Metric #17: Customer Complaints Regarding Power Quality Issues ........................................... A.171 A.18 Metric #18: Cyber Security .......................................................................................................... A.179 A.19 Metric #19: Open Architecture/Standards .................................................................................. A.191 A.20 Metric #20: Venture Capital Investment in Smart Grid Startup Companies ............................... A.201 A.21 Metric #21: Grid-Connected Renewable Resources .................................................................... A.213 Figures A.1 Examples of Dynamic Pricing Tariff Structures ............................................................................. A.3 A.2 States with Demand Response, Load Management, and Energy Efficiency Programs ................ A.8 A.3 NERC Reliability Coordinator and Balancing Area Map ................................................................ A.12 A.4 Current Installations of EMS/SCADA/DMS Systems by Type ........................................................ A.16 A.5 Wide-Area Voltage Monitoring Display ........................................................................................ A.23 A.6 Distributed and Dispersed Generation Growth ............................................................................ A.25 A.7 State Interconnection Standards .................................................................................................. A.28 A.8 Favorability of State Interconnection Standards for Grid Connection ......................................... A.30 Smart Grid System Report | Page A.iii Department of Energy | February 2012 A.9 Status of States with Decoupling or Lost Revenue Adjustment Mechanisms .............................. A.38 A.10 Improved Performance Incentive Programs ................................................................................. A.39 A.11 Annual Electricity Sales by Sector, 1980 to 2035 .......................................................................... A.44 A.12 Historic Load-Management Peak Reduction as a Percentage of Net Summer Capacity , ............. A.46 A.13 National Historic Demand-Response and Load-Management Peak Reduction in MW ............... A.47 A.14 Demand Response by NERC Region .............................................................................................. A.50 A.15 Yearly Installed DG Capacity by Technology Type ........................................................................ A.65 A.16 PHEV Market Penetration Scenarios ............................................................................................ A.77 A.17 State Incentives for Electric Vehicles ............................................................................................ A.81 A.18 Trends for 55 Utilities Providing Data between 2000 and 2005 ................................................... A.99 A.19 Forecast Summer Peak Reserve Margin ....................................................................................... A.101 A.20 WECC Regional Long-Term Assessment Summary ....................................................................... A.102 A.21 Regulatory Requirements for Reliability ....................................................................................... A.106 A.22 Current/Future Plans for Connecting EMS/SCADA/DMS Systems to Other Data Systems .......... A.109 A.23 North American Electric Power T&D Automation Expenditures .................................................. A.110 A.24 U.S. Electricity Service Provider Capital Expenditure ................................................................... A.111 A.25 IOU Automation Preparedness Survey Responses ....................................................................... A.114 A.26 Sample Technology Roadmap Development Process .................................................................. A.115 A.27 Overview of AMI Interface ............................................................................................................ A.120 A.28 AMI Installments ........................................................................................................................... A.122 A.29 PMU Installations Current and Estimated .................................................................................... A.131 A.30 Networked Phasor Measurement Units in the North American Power Grid ............................... A.135 A.31 Relative Transmission Mile Additions >200 kV by Primary Driver ................................................ A.140 A.32 Historical Actual Miles Added for Rolling 5-Year Periods and Projected 5-Year Plans ................. A.141 A.33 Emerging and Standing Issues 1 to 5 Years and 6 to 10 Years ...................................................... A.142 A.34 Measured and Predicted Peak Summer, Peak Winter, and Yearly Average Generation Capacity Factors in the U.S. .......................................................................................................... A.145 A.35 2009 to 2018 Peak Demand Projection ........................................................................................ A.146 A.36 NERC U.S. Summer Peak—Planning Reserve Margin ................................................................... A.147 A.37 NERC Regions ................................................................................................................................ A.148 A.38 WECC U.S. Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer ......................................... A.149 A.39 MRO U.S. Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer .......................................... A.149 A.40 NPCC U.S. Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer ......................................... A.150 A.41 RFC Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer .................................................... A.150 A.42 SERC Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer .................................................. A.151 A.43 FRCC Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer ................................................. A.151 A.44 SPP Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer .................................................... A.152 Smart Grid System Report | Page A.iv Department of Energy | February 2012 A.45 ERCOT Measured and Projected Capacity vs. Demand—Summer ............................................... A.152 A.46 Electricity Flow Diagram 2009 ...................................................................................................... A.156 A.47 Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation by Source .......................................................... A.157 A.48 Generation Efficiency for Various Fossil Fuel Sources over Time ................................................. A.158 A.49 Combined Transmission and Distribution Efficiency over Time ................................................... A.159 A.50 Deemed Date Trend for Active and Closed Violations ................................................................. A.182 A.51 Top 10 Most Violated
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