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Home , Albert Sidney Johnston, Battle of Collierville, Battle of Johnsonville, Battle of Mill Springs, Battle of Nashville, Battle of Perryville

WAR IN MIDDLE AND WEST HOOD’S CAMPAIGN WAR IN

NASHVILLE uch of the fighting in Middle and West Rosecrans held on and over the next two days nion Gen. William T. Sherman and his argely Unionist East Tennessee was strate - State Fort M Tennessee was focused not only on the rail - seriously bloodied Bragg’s army. Federal Capitol U army occupied , , on Sep - L gically important for Donelson tember 2, 1864, having defeated Confederate Telegraph Rd. NMP roads but also on the , Tennessee, and cannon fire decimated the final Confederate Peach (the gateway to , , and Ten - Orchard Hill Blountville Cumberland Rive rs. They were watery avenues attack on the afternoon of January 2. The Gen. and the Army of Ten - nessee) and the rail lines that connected Bris - Ridge Rd. Shy’s Hill (Multiple Sites) of invasion for Federal forces, the keys to split - Battle of resulted in more than Travellers nessee. Sherman spent several weeks resting Kingsport Bristol tol, Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Atlanta, as Dover Rest Harrogate ting the Confederacy. 23,000 casualties out of about 81,000 soldiers his army and planning his next moves. When 25W well as Memphis and Richmond. President 79 Jack Hinson (Multiple 25E Battle of Homeplace Sites) The first significant Union victories in engaged. A few days later Bragg retreated 31 Hood began ranging northwest against Sher - 11W Abraham appointed , Big Creek Bean Station 19W Paris Tennessee occurred on the Tennessee and Cum - south to Tullahoma, and Rosecrans occupied Franklin man’s supply lines, Sherman dispatched troops Gap 81 Johnson a native of the region, Tennessee’s military berland Rivers in February 1862, when a Federal Murfreesboro. U.S. forces built the massive Winstead (Multiple Sites) to Nashville under Gen. George H. Thomas. 75 Russellville Battles of City governor. Gen. Samuel P. Carter, a U.S. Naval 641 Hill Blue Springs Landon Confederate and Gen. , army-navy expedition under Gen. Ulysses S. Fortress Rosecrans to guard the railroad and Gen. John M. Schofield The line became less critical to Sherman on Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside Morristown Academy graduate, gained fame in East Ten - To Nathan Bedford Thompson’s 27 Carter firing on Union gunboats killed at , Waverly captured Forts Henry and Donelson. Henry, to serve as a supply station. Courtesy Library of Congress Station November 15, when he began the “March to Courtesy Library of Congress Jefferson City Greeneville Haynes nessee as a raider. Ironically, the Fed - Union City Forrest SP (Fort Hill) Kimbrough’s Courtesy U.S. Naval Historical Center , 1862 McKenzie on the Tennessee, was the first to fall, on Febru - Middle and experienced the Sea” to open more secure lines and destroy Crossroads Pottertown (Multiple Sites) erals held most of the secessionist areas, while To 45W Courtesy Library of Congress Camden 25W 441 ary 6. Donelson, on the Cumberland, surren - U.S. military occupation, foraging expeditions Spring Hill 65 Confederate resources. Rather than pursue France 11E Dandridge Bridge-Burners the Confederates dominated the Unionist parts. Tiptonville Dyersburg ALT Battle of (Courthouse) 70 Cemetery Hay’s Ferry (Island No. 10) dered on February 16, but several Confederate by both sides, and Confederate cavalry raids Rippavilla Sherman, on November 22, Hood moved north Crossville KNOXVILLE Many Unionists who burned railroad bridges Johnsonville HSP Plantation 26 Trenton 79 units escaped, including Col. Nathan Bedford on railroads and Union garrisons. Forrest and from to Tennessee, hoping to draw Old Gray Cemetery 25 in 1861 were quickly seized and executed. Clarksburg New Johnsonville – Courtesy Library of Congress 70 Farragut Bleak House Blant’s Skirmish at (Multiple Sites) 70 31 Pleasant Jones Cave R Fighting on the Forrest and his cavalry. , usually serving with the Federal attention from the Deep South and 40 411 Hill Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside occu - Sparta Hill E Columbia Parker’s 40 The first large-scale battle occurred near , attacked Federal supply perhaps invade Kentucky. The two largest 70 pied Knoxville in September 1863, while Con - V Athenaeum Spring Loudon Lenoir City (Multiple Sites) I 412 Crossroads (Birdsong Marina) Artillery 321 40 R Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River in In December, however, Forrest launched a raid lines and intimidated Tennessee Unionists. Rectory armies in the region thus marched away from City Pigeon federate Gen. occupied Chat - ALT (Multiple Sites) Philadelphia Forge I 70 Spencer National Campground P Fort Pillow West Tennessee. Better known as the Battle of into West Tennessee, destroying railroads and Forrest guarded the Confederate left flank Mount each other instead of fighting. In Ten - tanooga. Union Gen. William S. Rosecrans St. John’s

P Pleasant Historic SP Casey Jones Shiloh, the two-day fight on April 6–7, 1862, was severing Grant’s supply line. Forrest fought vic - early in 1863 while Morgan covered the right nessee, however, Thomas sent Union Gen. 127 Sweetwater Depot Morganton Crossing forced Bragg out. After the Battle of Chicka - I Salem Cemetery Perry Co. Church Village Battlefield Great Craighead Cave S Courthouse almost a Confederate victory on the first day. toriously at Lexington, captured Trenton and flank. Forrest fought in Mississippi and West John M. Schofield’s to delay Niota mauga, Georgia, the Federals occupied S Jackson Depot

I Lexington 412 Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston marched north from Union City, and ranged into Kentucky. He raided Tennessee after a serious rupture with Bragg Hood’s advance at Columbia and Spring Madisonville Chattanooga, which Bragg then besieged, Courthouse R

S Cornersville E 11 411 Covington Corinth, Mississippi, and struck Grant’s army, back through Tennessee, then evaded defeat at during the Chickamauga Campaign. Summertown Hill before falling back to Franklin. The 27 dispatching Gen. to attack S Cedar Grove (Lairdland 75 I Denmark V Tellico Britton overrunning the camp and pushing the Federals Parker’s Crossroads. Grant changed his supply Because of the frequent and successful Farm House) bloodbath there on November 30 crip - Coker Knoxville. The Federals broke Bragg’s 51 (Presbyterian I Iron Furnance Plains M Lane Creek 79 Church) Doe Creek R almost into the river. Johnston, wounded while base to Memphis; he finally captured Vicksburg Confederate raids, the Federals correctly sus - pled Hood’s force, but the Confederates 74 at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, compelling School E Charleston Arlington SE Clifton encouraging his troops, bled to death from a sev - on July 4, 1863. pected collusion with the local population. 43 31 followed Schofield to the outskirts of Suck Sherman’s (Multiple Sites) him to retreat, and Longstreet likewise suf - (Davis Manor) 40 45 S Creek Crossing 19 E Waynesboro ered artery. The next day, Grant counterattacked, An especially bloody battle was fought in Civilian spies and Confederate scout s— such Nashville and Thomas’s strong defenses. fered defeat at Knoxville. By the end of the N at Murfreesboro, December Cleveland 64 74 MEMPHIS Bolivar N forcing the Confederates back to Corinth. as Confederate , who was captured Lawrenceburg Hood besieged the city, and more than two year, East Tennessee was firmly in Union Adamsville E 64 CHATTANOOGA

(Multiple Sites ) 64 T Federal forces captured at the 31, 1862–January 2, 1863. Confederate Gen. Brax - and execute d— provided valuable informa - weeks passed before he acted. On December hands, and the rail line to Georgia was open. Collinwood (Multiple Sites) Selmer Savannah end of April 1862 and occupied Memphis in June, ton Bragg’s Army of Tennessee occupied the tion. In addition, bushwhackers and guerrilla Pulaski Gen. John 15–16, the Federals sallied forth from their Raccoon In May 1864, Gen. William T. Sherman used Collierville Mountain 76 ( (Cherry Mansion and securing the lower and upper reaches of the Mis - country around Murfreesboro after his invasion units on each side attacked military units and Bell Hood defenses and crushed Hood’s army, effectively Chattanooga as the platform for his Atlanta Tennessee River Museum) Caverns Chickamauga & and Chalmer’s Raid) LaGrange Fallen Timbers sissippi River. In October, Grant began an over - of Kentucky and the . Union civilians, sometimes as a military tactic and 65 Courtesy Library ending his campaign as the remnants of the Chattanooga NMP campaign. No other large-scale battles Shiloh NMP 9988 Five of Congress land campaign to capture Vicksburg, Mississippi. Gen. William S. Rosecrans’s Army of the Cumber - sometimes to settle personal scores. Confed - Points Army of Tennessee fled to Tupelo, Mississippi. occurred in the region for the rest of the war; Battle of Moscow Davis Bridge Johnston’s Grand Junction Battlefield Last Bivouac land advanced from Nashville. During the first Some of the army then joined Gen. Joseph E. 59 He marched from La Grange in West Tennessee, erate was the most notorious 75 although late in 1864, the Federals launched 72 55 78 down the Mississippi Central Railroad toward day’s fighting, a surprise Confederate flank of these raiders. The resulting resentments Sugar Creek Johnston in . Gen. James Longstreet cavalry raids against the railroads from East Engagement 27 Vicksburg with trainloads of supplies following. attack nearly swept the Federals from the field. lingered for generations. Courtesy Library of Congress Tennessee into Virginia and North Carolina.

January 19 February 6 Grant captures Fort Henry November 13 Grant begins first from Tennessee February 16 Grant captures October 1 7– November 1 Morgan’s Second Kentucky Raid October 1– 9 Wheeler’s Sequatchie Valley Raid April 12 Shots fired at Fort Sumter, Charleston, S.C. February 25 Federal occupation of Nashville Decembe r– January 1863 Carter’s East Tennessee Raid 9– 20 Battle of Chickamauga, Ga. September 2 Sherman captures Atlanta February 1– April 26 Sherman’s Carolinas Campaign, S.C. and N.C. April 15 Lincoln calls for volunteers to suppress “insurrection” March 3 Lincoln appoints Andrew Johnson as Tenn. military governor December 1 1– January 3, 1863 Forrest’s West Tennessee Raid June 2 5– July 8 Tullahoma Campaign November 24 Battle of Lookout Mountain April 12 Forrest captures Fort Pillow November 4 18 61 June 8 Tennessee secedes April 6– 7 Battle of Shiloh September 4– 19 Antietam Campaign, Va., Md. 1December 31 B8attle of Parker’s Crossroa6ds 3 July 4 Grant captures Vicksburg, Miss. November 25 Battle of Missionary Ridge, Chattanooga June 15 begins, Va. Novemb1er 4– December 814 Knoxville Campaign 6April 2– 35 Fall of Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Lee’s Retreat begins, Va. July 21 First Battle of Manassas, Va. April 8 Battle of Island No. 10 August 2 8– 30 Second Battle of Manassas, Va. December 3 1– January 2, 1863 Battle of Stones River 0– July 14 , Va., Md., Pa. May 4– June 20 , Va. November 1 5– December 10 Sherman’s March to the Sea, Ga. April 9 Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House, Va. September 29 Affair at Travisville, first military action in Tennessee June 6 Battle and Federal occupation of Memphis March 4– 5 Battle of Thompson’s Station July 1– 3 , Pa. November 2 2– December 25 Hood’s Campaign April 14 assassinates President July Forrest’s First Tennessee Raid November 30 Battle of Franklin April 26 Johnston surrenders Army of Tennessee near Durham, N.C. 1862 Augus t–October Bragg’s Kentucky invasion 1864 December 1 5– 16 Forrest’s Cavalry Corps surrenders TENNESSEE #### THE GREAT RAIDERS #### TENNESSEE USCTs #### THE CIVIL WAR REVISITED #### Follow this sign to discover How to Use this Map-Guide more than 1,000 Civil War This map-guide identifies nearly 200 sites along ten breathtaking t the beginning of the war, the he Emancipation Proclamation The following further explore and expand Giles Co. C. of C. Smith Co. C. of C. Jefferson Co. Chamber Civil War sites throughout Tennessee. trails. Hundreds of sites cavalry gathered intelligence, issued on January 1, 1863, author - upon the story of the Civil War: 931-363-3789 615-735-2093 877-237-3847 Each site is interpreted and accessible are accessible to the public screened the army from the ized the enlistment of black www.gilescountytourism.com www.smithcountychamber.org www.jeffersoncountyvacation.com and encourages you to explore diverse settings where America’s destiny was for the first time. enemy’s cavalry, and served as soldiers. By June, in Tennessee, Tennessee Office of Tourist Development Jackson/Madison Co. CVB Goodlettsville Area C. of C. Smithville-Dekalb Co. C. of C. Johnson City CVB forged. Tennessee Civil War Trails sites A T (615) 741-2159 800-498-4748 615-859-7979 615-597-4163 800-852-3392 mounted pickets. In the East, Confederate Gen. Lorenzo Thomas had recruited can be explored at your own pace, and cavalry commander J.E.B. Stuart raised 3,000 men. By the end of the war, he had www.tnvacation.com www.jacksontncvb.com www.goodlettsvillechamber.com www.smithvilletn.com www.visitjohnsoncitytn.com

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McNairy Co. C. of C. Hartsville-Trousdale C. of C. Sparta/White Co. C. of C. Kingsport CVB , the routine reconnaissance mission to the enlisted 24,000 soldiers for 22 infantry d

ational opportunities. Enjoy one of the n BALTIMORE, o 731-645-6360 615-374-9243 931-836-3552 800-743-5282 m level of art when his command rode com - and 8 artillery units. Nation - h c

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Memphis CVB Hohenwald-Lewis Co. C. of C. Stewart Co. C. of C. Knoxville Tourism & Sports Corp. n D.C. g Legendary partisan cavalryman John S. known as U.S. Colored Troops (USCTs) dreds of antique and specialty shops, i s e D

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www.memphistravel.com www.hohenwaldlewischamber.com www.stewartcountyvacation.com www.knoxville.org RICHMOND, VA l i Newspaper illustration, “General Forrest Driving the serenity of a preserved battlefield. Let the stories you’ve discov - i n to distraction in Northern White officers at first restricted a r u T

m Federals out of Trenton, Tenn. General Forrest in the r Tennessee Wars Commission Corridor – TN Humphreys Co. C. of C. Sumner Co. CVB Loudon Co. Visitors Bureau ered ignite your imagination as you envision how now-peaceful a through and , was captured and m Virginia. USCTs to support functions such as o W

l C i Foreground Giving Orders.” – Courtesy Tennessee State v NASHVILLE, TN y landscapes were once the scenes of the deadliest battles known i

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In the West, three cavalry command - confined in the , and guarding wagon trains, supply depots, RALEIGH, NC n a i Library and Archives g i n i www.msrivertn.org www.hereyaare.com www.sumnercvb.com www.visitloudoncounty.com to man. s g Tennessee Historical Commission e r i ers, John Hunt Morgan, Nathan Bedford then escaped. A Federal cavalryman killed him and prisoners. They also constructed D

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The Tennessee Civil War Trails program is part of a five-state r 0 u

www.tennesseehistory.com Lawrence Co. Tourism Van Buren Co. C. of C. Middle East TN Tourism Council 1 h

MIDDLE 0 Forrest, and attained leg - in Greeneville, Tennessee, on September 4, 1864, forts and railroads, then were posted as c 2 o

trails system that invites you to explore both well-known and r B 931-762-1401 931-946-7033 800-440-0447 © endary status. Wheeler, a West Point gradu - when he tried to escape after being surrounded. lines in Middle and West Tennessee. He also guards. Eager to prove their worth in Byrdstown/Pickett Co. C. of C. less-familiar sites associated with America’s greatest drama. www.nps.gov/civilwar [email protected] www.vanburenchamber.com www.easttnvacations.com ate, had spent most of his life in the North. was the antithesis fought his way out of a Federal envelopment combat, the USCTs soon had their chance. 888-406-4704 Together, more than Livingston/Overton Co. C. of C. Wayne Co. C .of C. Monroe Co. Dept. of Tourism Morgan had served briefly in the Mexican of the gentlemanly Morgan. A self-made man, at Parker’s Crossroads, adding to his legend. In December 1863, at Moscow, the 61st Civil War Preservation Trust www.dalehollow.com 1,000 places tell the epic 800-876-7393 931-724-4337 800-245-5428 War as a . Forrest was self-taught. Forrest was a successful planter and slave trader The apparent massacre of black Federal USCT repulsed Confederate Gen. www.civilwar.org Cheatham Co. C. of C. and heartfelt stories of www.overtonco.com www.waynecountychamber.org www.monroecounty.com All of them, regardless of experience, were before the war. Whereas Morgan was an officer troops at Fort Pillow, Tennessee, on April 12, Stephen D. Lee’s cavalry as it tore up rail - WEST 615-792-6722 civilians and soldiers www.cheathamchamber.org Macon Co. C.of C. Wilson Co. CVB Morristown Area C. of C. who experienced tri - bold, imaginative, and determined men from the start, Forrest enlisted as a private and 1864, however, tarnished Forrest’s legacy. road track. At Fort Pillow, on the Missis - Benton Co./Camden C. of C. 615-666-5885 800-789-1327 877-586-6382 umph and tragedy who could usually out-think and out-fight then rose to the rank of in After the war, Forrest returned to farming sippi River, USCTs fought Gen. Nathan 877-584-8395 Clay Co. C. of C. www.maconcountytn.com www.wilsoncountycvb.com www.morristownchamber.com during the war. TENNESSEE TRAILS INFORMATION their opponents. little more than a year. Forrest’s personality, and pursued business interests. He died in Bedford Forrest’s command on April 12, www.bentoncountycamden.com 931-243-3338 John Hunt Morgan seemed a natural like that of Mosby, had a ruthless edg e— unlike Memphis on , 1877. William T. Sher - 1864, then were overrun and killed after www.dalehollowlake.org Maury Co. CVB Williamson Co. CVB Newport/Cocke Co. Tourism Council For more detailed Bolivar/Hardeman Co. C. of C. 931-381-7176 866-253-9207 423-625-9675 travel information, con - cavalryman. Tall, dashing, impeccably the charm and gaiety that Morgan and Stuart man, assessing Forrest’s military career, surrendering. For the remainder of the Clarksville CVB . . . 731-658-6554 www.antebellum.com www.visitwilliamson.com www.cockecounty.com tact any of the organiza - 1 615 532 7520 dressed, and finely mounted, Morgan was exhibited. Forrest’s intuitive grasp of cavalry pronounced him “the most remarkable man year, USCTs engaged Forrest at Brice’s www.hardemancountychamber.org 800-530-2487 ext. 577 McMinnville-Warren Co. C. of C. Northeast TN Tourism Assoc. tions listed in this guide born to a prominent Kentucky family. In a tactics and his ferocious fighting ability made our Civil War produced on either side.” Crossroads and Tupelo, Mississippi, at www.clarksville.tn.us EAST www.tnvacation.com Carroll Co. C. of C. 931-473-6611 800-468-6822 or visit any Tennessee series of raids in Tennessee and Kentucky, him the most feared of Confederate cavalry Joseph Wheeler began the war as a lieu - Athens, Alabama, and at Pulaski, Ten - Coffee Co. Campbell Co. C. of C. ## # 731-986-4664 www.warrentn.com www.netta.com Welcome Center or local he appeared invincible regardless of the commanders. His reputation was built on a tenant but became commander of the Army nessee. They also fought with distinction www.carrollcounty-tn-chamber.com 931-723-5100 423-566-0329 Visitor Center. For addi - VIRGINIA TRAILS INFORMATION Middle TN Tourism Council Pigeon Forge Dept. of Tourism Federal forces arrayed against him. He series of stunning raids against Union supply of Tennessee’s cavalry by the fall of 1862. in the Battle of Nashville in December. www.coffeecountytn.org www.visitcampbell.com tional Civil War Trails Collierville Culture, Recreation 615-862-8828 800-251-9100 1-88 8-CIVIL WAR followed his July His successful raid behind Union lines before The Tennessee USCTs mustered out of & Tourism Commission Cookeville-Putnam Co. C. of C. Chattanooga Area CVB information, visit www.middletennesseetourism.com www.mypigeonforge.com www.virginia.org 1862 Kentucky the Battle of Stones River made his reputa - service between April 1865 and April 1866, 888-853-1949 800-264-5541 800-322-3344 www.civilwartrails.org . Nashville CVB Smoky Mountains CVB ## # raid with another tion. In February 1863, he unsuccessfully having suffered about 4,500 casualties. www.tourcollierville.com www.mustseecookeville.com www.chattanoogafun.com Granville 800-657-6910 865-983-2241 Crossville-Cumberland Co. C. of C. Cleveland/Bradley Co. CVB Courtesy Peggy Clemons MARYLAND TRAILS INFORMATION in the winter in attacked Dover to block Fayette Co. C. of C. www.visitmusiccity.com www.meetingsandmountains.com Middle Tennessee, shipping to Federals in Nashville. After the Johnsonville, Tennessee Colored Battery camp, 1864 901-465-8690 931-484-9444 800-392-5390 Courtesy Library of Congress Perry Co. C. of C. Southeast TN Tourism Assoc. 1-88 8-CIVIL WR destroying two Battle of Chickamauga in the fall of 1863, www.fayettecountychamber.com www.golfcapitaltenn.com www.visitclevelandtn.com 931-589-2453 423-424-4267 www.visitmaryland.org Dickson Co. C. of C. Farragut West Knox C. of C. railroad tunnels Wheeler launched another spectacular raid Greater Gibson Co. Area C. of C. www.perrycountytennessee.com www.southeasttennessee.com ## # to disrupt Union against Union supply lines, riding up the 731-855-0973 877-718-4967 865-675-7057 Robertson Co. C. of C. Spring City C. of C. NORTH CAROLINA TRAILS INFORMATION supply lines for Sequatchie Valley and then into occupied www.gibsoncountytn.com www.dicksoncountychamber.com www.farragutchamber.com

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V Franklin Co. C. of C. Grainger Co. C. of C. C several weeks. Middle Tennessee before returning to Ala - Hardin Co. CVB 1-800-VISIT NC y

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u 931-967-6788 866-577-4222 www.visitnc.com o Morgan led his bama. After the war, Wheeler served in Con - 800-552-3866 C

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s www.tourhardincounty.org ## # l i most spectacular gress and returned to U.S. Army service as a

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