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Bildiriler Kitabi Editör: Akın Savaş TOKLU 15 Bildiriler Kitabi Editör: Akın Savaş TOKLU 15. SUALTI BİLİM ve TEKNOLOJİ TOPLANTISI SBT’2012 17-18 Kasım 2012 BİLDİRİLER KİTABI Editör; Akın Savaş Toklu BİLİMSEL DANIŞMA KURULU Şamil AKTAŞ Hüsamettin BALKIS Maide ÇİMŞİT Murat EGİ Mustafa ERYILMAZ Ufuk KOCABAŞ Altan LÖK Cengiz METİN Harun ÖZDAŞ Bayram ÖZTÜRK Cemil ŞEN Akın Savaş TOKLU Cemal TURAN Ahmet Cevdet YALÇINER Şenol YILDIZ Yaşar YILDIZ Mehmet Baki YOKEŞ DÜZENLEME KURULU Başkan: Akın Savaş Toklu Alperen AKPINAR Seckin BİLGİC Omer Orhun ERCAN İpek EVRUKE Adem Fatih GOKSU Ezgi GOZUBUYUK Baran MOLLAVELİOĞLU Fatma SEYREK Koray ŞAHİN Tuğce Goksu YILMAZ ÖNSÖZ Sualtı Bilim ve Teknolojileri Toplantıları (SBT) 15 yıla yakın bir süredir, sualtıyla ilgili bir çok alandan araştırmacıları, akademisyenleri, fotoğrafçı ve kameramanları, amatör ve profesyonel dalgıçları, eğitmenleri, velhasıl deniz ve sualtından elektrik almış ya da sualtına aşık olmuş insanları bir araya getiren bir platform olagelmiştir. ÇAPASAS tarafından 14 yıl ardan sonra ikinci kez düzenlen SBT organizasyonu sırasında, bu toplantılara gerek başkanlık yaparak, gerekse katkı sağlayarak yakın ilgi göstermiş akademisyen ve alanında uzman kişilerle görüş alışverişinde bulunulmuş, her SBT’nin bir aksaklığa uğramadan bir öncekinden daha nitelikli olabilmesi için iletilen öneriler değerlendirilerek, gelecekteki SBT’lerin organizasyonuna talip olmuş kişi ve kurumlara iletilmesi planlanmıştır. SBT’2012’nin davetli konuşmacılarla, belgesel, slayt ve video gösterimleriyle zenginleşmesi için özel bir gayret gösterilmiştir. Bu elektronik kitapta davetli konuşmacıların sunumuna ek olarak, sualtı arkeolojisi, sualtı hekimliği, oşinografi, deniz biyolojisi ve su ürünleriyle ilgili bildirilerden oluşan 27 metine, programdaki sırasına göre yer verilmiştir. Bu kaynağın elektronik ortama taşınması, ilgililere uzun ömürlü bir kaynak oluşturması amacını taşımaktadır. Şüphesiz yurt dışından davetli konuşmacıların da yer aldığı SBT’2012 nin kayda değer bir maliyeti söz konusu olmuştur. Ücretsiz kayıtla gerçekleştirdiğimiz bu toplantıyı, sualtına gönül vermiş dostlarımızın desteği olmadan düzenleyebilmemiz mümkün olamazdı. Bu tür bir aktivitenin değerini takdir edip desteğini esirgemeyen bu dostlarımıza SBT’2012 yi düzenleyenler, toplantıya konuşmacı ya da dinleyici olarak katılanlar adına bir kez daha teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Dileriz SBT’2012 Toplantı Kitabı, toplantıya katılanların daha sonra başvuracağı bir kaynak, toplantıya katılamayanlara bir teselli, ÇAPASAS için de SBT’2012 ile ilgili gururlu bir anı olur. Prof. Dr. Akın Savaş TOKLU SBT’2012 Düzenleme Kurulu Adına SBT’2012 1 İÇİNDEKİLER A BRIEF HISTORY AND CURRENT PRACTICE OF SATURATION DIVING AND UNDERSEA LIVING 4 DİCK CLARKE SATÜRASYON DALIŞININ KISA TARIHI, GÜNÜMÜZ UYGULAMALARI VE SUALTINDA YAŞAM 17 DİCK CLARKE A CASE SERIES OF DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS IN MISKITO FISHERMEN DIVERS TREATED IN 2010 AT CLINICA LA BENEDICION 27 MEİJA E, NOCHETTO M, BİRD N, RANAPURWALA S, DENOBLE PJ KUTUP ORTAMINDA DALIŞ KURSU VE İZLENİMLERİ 28 OKAN ERDEM ATMOSFERİK DALIŞ SİSTEMİ 34 CEMİL ŞEN, FAZIL ERDEM KIRCI YENİKAPI BATIKLARI PROJESİ 39 UFUK KOCABAŞ ALANYA TERSANESİ İNTERAKTİF DENİZCİLİK MERKEZİ OLUŞTURMA PROJESİ DENEYSEL ARKEOLOJİ 48 KORHAN BİRCAN, MURAT BİRCAN, OSMAN ERKURT DENEYSEL ARKEOLOJİ / ANTİK ÇAĞLARDAN ORTAÇAĞA NAVİGASYON YÖNTEMLERİ VE CİHAZLAR 59 OSMAN ERKURT, REMZİ MEHMET FERTAN DENEYSEL ARKEOLOJİ KİKLAD TEKNELERİ CANLANDIRMA PROJESİ DİKİŞLİ TEKNE YAPIM TEKNOLOJİSİ 76 OSMAN ERKURT YENİKAPI 27 BATIĞI: KONSTRÜKSİYON ÖZELLİKLERİ 82 EVREN TÜRKMENOĞLU YENİKAPI 20 GEMİSİNİN YAPIM TEKNİĞİ 86 TANER GÜLER BASINÇLI HAVA SOLUMADAN DALGIÇTA MEDİASTİNEL AMFİZEM GELİŞİR Mİ?; OLGU SUNUMU 92 SELÇUK TATAR, AKIN SAVAŞ TOKLU HATALI DALIŞ, AKCİĞER BAROTRAVMASI ve PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; OLGU SUNUMU 96 SELCEN YÜSRA ABAYLI, SELÇUK TATAR, LEVENT DEMİR, MAİDE ÇİMŞİT UYGUNSUZ DALIŞ PROFİLİ İLE DEKOMRESYON HASTALIĞINA DAVET; OLGU SUNUMU 99 EYLEM KOCA, LEVENT DEMİR, ASLICAN ÇAKKALKUR, ALİ ÇELİK, AKIN SAVAŞ TOKLU AYAKTAN TEDAVİ VE TAKİP EDİLEN DEKOMPRESYON HASTALIĞI TANILI ÜÇ OLGU DEĞERLENDİRMESİ 105 LEVENT DEMİR, SELÇUK TATAR, MAİDE ÇİMŞİT DEKOMPRESYON HASTALIĞI’NA BAĞLI MİKROEMBOLİ TANISINA YÖNELİK BİLGİSAYAR TABANLI YÖNTEMLER 109 İSMAİL BURAK PARLAK, SALİH MURAT EGİ, AHMET ADEMOĞLU, PETER GERMONPRE, ALESSANDRO SBT’2012 2 MARRONI, COSTANTİNO BALESTRA, SALİH AYDIN KURU DALIŞ ELBİSESİ SIKIŞMASI 117 MESUT MUTLUOĞLU, GÜNALP UZUN, MURAT EROĞLU PROFESYONEL DALIŞ EĞİTİMİ ALAN ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KİŞİLİK VE DUYGUSAL ZEKA DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ 119 FİGEN AYDIN, SERDAR TOK, SAVAŞ İLGEZDİ DALIŞ BÖLGESİNDE SUALTI HEKİMİ OLMAK 127 ŞEFİKA KÖRPINAR, AKIN SAVAŞ TOKLU DELİÇAY‐TARSUS NEHRİ (KAZANLI‐MERSİN) ARASI KIYI ALANI BENTİK FORAMİNİFER VE OSTRAKOD FAUNASI HAKKINDA GÖRÜŞLER 133 ENGİN MERİÇ, NİYAZİ AVŞAR, ATİKE NAZİK, BAKİ YOKEŞ, FULYA YÜCESOY‐ERYILMAZ, FEYZA DİNÇER EDREMİT KÖRFEZİ’NİN OŞİNOGRAFİSİ 143 MUSTAFA ERYILMAZ , FULYA YÜCESOY ERYILMAZ DİKİLİ KANALI’NIN (KD EGE DENİZİ) OŞİNOGRAFİSİ 156 MUSTAFA ERYILMAZ , FULYA YÜCESOY ERYILMAZ PALAMUTLAR NEREDE? 171 BAYRAM ÖZTÜRK, ELİF KARAKAŞ İSKENDERUN KÖRFEZİ’NDE NESLİ TEHLİKE ALTINDA OLAN KIKIRDAKLI BALIK TÜRLERİ 179 CEMAL TURAN, DENİZ ERGÜDEN İZMİR KÖRFEZİ (EGE DENİZİ)’NDE POTANSİYEL TİCARİ LESEPSİYEN TÜRLER 188 GÜLNUR METİN, OKAN AKYOL BATI KARADENİZ KIYILARI İÇİN YENİ BİR KAYIT SYMPHODUS BAİLLONİ (OSTEİCHTHYES: PERCİFORMES: LABRİDAE) 195 DİDEM GÖKTÜRK, F. SAADET KARAKULAK, NURAN ÜNSAL, ABDULLAH E. KAHRAMAN MARMARA DENİZİ DEMERASAL BALIK AVCILIĞINDA HEDEF DIŞI AV PROBLEMİ 196 DİDEM GÖKTÜRK, TOMRİS DENİZ SBT’2012 3 A BRIEF HISTORY AND CURRENT PRACTICE OF SATURATION DIVING AND UNDERSEA LIVING Dick Clarke Columbia, South Carolina, USA he development and introduction of a technique termed ‘saturation diving’ T revolutionized many aspects of diving operations. It allowed underwater work to be conducted in much deeper depths than were otherwise attainable by conventional ‘surface orientated’ diving operations. It allowed complicated and lengthy projects to be completed much more quickly, far more effectively and with improved safely and it greatly expanded the research capabilities of marine scientists, allowing them to actually live and work within the environment they wished to study, in depths far down on the continental shelf. Concept The concept of saturation diving is really quite simple. A good analogy is that of a sponge which is immersed in water. The sponge will continue to absorb water until it becomes completely saturated (full). Once this point is reached continued immersion, no matter if it is for hours, days, or weeks, will not increase any further the amount of water that can be squeezed out of the sponge upon its removal from the water. Now substitute the diver for that sponge. As a diver spends time underwater, his body tissues will gradually and continually absorb the inert gas present within his breathing supply. For an air dive, this gas will be nitrogen. For a very deep dive it will likely be helium. The longer the diver remains underwater the greater the amount of inert gas is absorbed, so too the amount of time required for the diver to safely decompress back to the surface. If the diver remains underwater long enough his tissues will eventually become fully saturated with inert gas, as did the sponge. When this point is reached, the decompression obligation time becomes fixed. No matter how much longer the diver remains at depth, be it hours, days, weeks, there will be no additional decompression time required to return to the surface. Types of Saturation Diving There are two fundamental methods in which saturation diving is employed and divers are able to live and work under elevated pressures/depths. One is most commonly employed in commercial, professional and military diving operations. The second has long been used by marine scientists and earlier pioneering naval diving operations. SBT’2012 4 The first method is to compress divers to the desired saturation (work site) depth in a surface‐located hyperbaric chamber, commonly positioned on a support vessel, production platform or oil rig. Here they will live, eat and sleep when not working in the water. The period of time that they will remain in saturation depends upon the amount of work required, in most cases it will be several weeks. If the work requirement is expected to take less than approximately 30 days, the initial team of divers will remain in saturation and complete the full scope of the work. If the project requires many more weeks or months to complete, then separate teams of divers will be rotated in and out of saturation, commonly on a 30 day cycle. To actually get to the worksite from the chamber, divers enter a diving bell that has been attached to the chamber and pressurized to the same depth as the living chamber/work site depth. Once inside the diving bell, hatches are secured and the bell is lifted away from the main chamber. The bell is then quickly lowered to the worksite. Quickly, because it is under a high pressure compared to its surroundings so if there is any damage to the bell or it otherwise develops a leak during transfer, resulting uncontrolled decompression could be catastrophic to the divers inside the bell. Upon its arrival at the planned work site, the pressure inside the bell will now equal water depth to which it has been lowered. At this point the hatches can be opened and the diver(s) enters the water and proceed with his task. Commonly, the bell will remain at the worksite for eight hours. At this point the diver(s) returns to the bell and its hatches are secured. The bell
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