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Focus on Third Offset Strategy Issue 82, 3rd Quarter 2016 JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY Focus on Third Offset Strategy ISSUE EIGHTY-TWO, 3 ISSUE EIGHTY-TWO, China’s Goldwater-Nichols? Interagency Decisionmaking During the Mayaguez Incident RD QUARTER 2016 Joint Force Quarterly Founded in 1993 • Vol. 82, 3rd Quarter 2016 http://ndupress.ndu.edu Gen Joseph F. Dunford, Jr., USMC, Publisher MajGen Frederick M. Padilla, USMC, President, NDU Editor in Chief Col William T. Eliason, USAF (Ret.), Ph.D. Executive Editor Jeffrey D. Smotherman, Ph.D. Production Editor John J. Church, D.M.A. Internet Publications Editor Joanna E. Seich Copyeditor Erin L. Sindle Book Review Editor Dr. Frank G. Hoffman Art Director Marco Marchegiani, U.S. Government Printing Office Advisory Committee COL Michael S. Bell, USA (Ret.), Ph.D./College of International Security Affairs; LTG Robert B. Brown, USA/U.S. Army Command and General Staff College; Brig Gen Christopher A. Coffelt, USAF/Air War College; Col Keil Gentry, USMC/Marine Corps War College; BGen Thomas A. Gorry, USMC/Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy; Col Steven J. Grass, USMC/Marine Corps Command and Staff College; Brig Gen Darren E. Hartford, USAF/National War College; Col Brian E. Hastings, USAF/Air Command and Staff College; RADM P. Gardner Howe III/U.S. Naval War College; LTG William C. Mayville, Jr., USA/The Joint Staff; MG William E. Rapp, USA/U.S. Army War College; LtGen Thomas D. Waldhauser, USMC/The Joint Staff; RDML Brad Williamson/Joint Forces Staff College Editorial Board Richard K. Betts/Columbia University; Stephen D. Chiabotti/ School of Advanced Air and Space Studies; Eliot A. Cohen/The Johns Hopkins University; COL Joseph J. Collins, USA (Ret.)/ National War College; Mark J. Conversino/Air War College; Thomas P. Ehrhard/Office of the Secretary of Defense; Aaron L. Friedberg/Princeton University; Bryon Greenwald/Joint Forces Staff College; Col Thomas C. Greenwood, USMC (Ret.)/Office of the Secretary of Defense; Douglas N. Hime/Naval War College; Mark H. Jacobsen/Marine Corps Command and Staff College; Col Jerome M. Lynes, USMC (Ret.)/The Joint Staff; Kathleen Mahoney-Norris/Air Command and Staff College; Thomas L. McNaugher/Georgetown University; Col Mark Pizzo, USMC (Ret.)/ National War College; James A. Schear/Office of the Secretary of Defense; LtGen Bernard E. Trainor, USMC (Ret.) Printed in St. Louis, Missouri, by Cover 2 images (top to bottom): CH-47 Chinook assigned to 82nd Combat Aviation Brigade maneuvers over M119A3 light howitzer during Division Artillery Readiness Test, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, January 20, 2016 (U.S. Army/Christopher Freeman); Chief Aviation Ordnanceman is pinned by her wife during chief petty officer pinning ceremony in the hangar of Fleet Logistics Support Squadron (VRC) 30, Naval Air Station North Island, California, September 16, 2015 (U.S. Navy/Stephanie Smith); U.S. Marines with Battalion Landing Team, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines, 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit, on demolitions range at Crow Valley, Philippines, during Amphibious Landing Exercise 15, October 8, 2015 (U.S. Marine Corps/Joseph DiGirolamo) About the Cover In this Issue Technical Sergeant Dean Criswell, 22nd Special Tactics Squadron NCOIC of rescue Dialogue operations, signals to CH-47 th 2 From the Chairman Chinook from 1-214 Aviation Regiment, May 15, 2015, on Mount Rainier, Washington. Criswell, Forum a pararescueman, was training 4 Executive Summary Tactical Air Control Party Airmen on mountain rescue operations 6 Securing the Third Offset (U.S. Air Force/Tim Chacon) Strategy: Priorities for the Next Secretary of Defense By Timothy A. Walton 16 Twenty-First Century Information Warfare and 76 What It Means to Be 118 The Tao of Doctrine: Contesting the Third Offset Strategy Expeditionary: A Look at an Art of Operations By James R. McGrath the French Army in Africa By G. Stephen Lauer By Michael Shurkin 24 Avoiding Becoming a 125 Joint Engineers Launch Paper Tiger: Presence in a 86 Sharpening Our Cultural New Knowledge-Based Warfighting Defense Strategy Tools for Improved Global Management Program By Elbridge Colby and Health Engagement By Brian E. Griffin Jonathan F. Solomon By Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala and Maysaa Alobaidi 128 JPME II Available at JPME Today Satellite Sites 91 The Primacy of COG in Planning: By Kenneth Pisel 33 Switching the Paradigm Getting Back to Basics from Reactive to Proactive: By Steven D. Kornatz 132 Joint Doctrine Update Stopping Toxic Leadership By Mike Rybacki and Chaveso Cook Joint Force Quarterly is published by the National Defense University Press for the Chairman of the Recall Joint Chiefs of Staff. JFQ is the Chairman’s flagship 40 Measuring Strategic Deterrence: 98 Abandon Ship: Interagency joint military and security studies journal designed to A Wargaming Approach inform members of the U.S. Armed Forces, allies, and Decisionmaking During other partners on joint and integrated operations; By Douglas R. Ducharme the Mayaguez Incident national security policy and strategy; efforts to combat terrorism; homeland security; and developments in By Richard B. Hughes training and joint professional military education to transform America’s military and security apparatus Commentary to meet tomorrow’s challenges better while protecting 47 A Way Ahead for DOD Book Reviews freedom today. All published articles have been vetted through a peer-review process and cleared by the Disaster Preparedness 106 National Insecurity and What Defense Office of Prepublication and Security Review. By Frank C. DiGiovanni Good Is Grand Strategy? NDU Press is the National Defense University’s Reviewed by Brian C. Collins cross-component, professional military and academic 54 The U.S. Pacific Command publishing house. Response to Super The opinions, conclusions, and recommendations 108 Blood Year expressed or implied within are those of the Typhoon Haiyan Reviewed by Thomas C. Greenwood contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views By Thomas Parker, Sean P. of the Department of Defense or any other agency of Carroll, Gregg Sanders, Jason 110 The U.S.-China Military the Federal Government. E. King, and Imes Chiu Submissions and Communications Scorecard and China’s JFQ welcomes submission of scholarly, independent Military Power research from members of the Armed Forces, 62 #SocialMediaMatters: Reviewed by Thomas McNaugher security policymakers and shapers, defense analysts, Lessons Learned from academic specialists, and civilians from the United States and abroad. Submit articles for consideration Exercise Trident Juncture to ScholarOne, available at https://mc04. By Gregory M. Tomlin Joint Doctrine manuscriptcentral.com/ndupress. Or write to: Editor, Joint Force Quarterly 112 The Multinational NDU Press Features Interoperability Council: 260 Fifth Avenue (Building 64, Room 2504) Enhancing Coalition Operations Fort Lesley J. McNair 68 China’s Goldwater- Washington, DC 20319 By Michelle L. Pryor, Thomas Nichols? Assessing PLA Telephone: (202) 685-4220/DSN 325 Labouche, Mario Wilke, and Email: [email protected] Organizational Reforms Charles C. Pattillo, Jr. JFQ online: www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jfq/jfq.htm By Phillip C. Saunders 3rd Quarter, July 2016 and Joel Wuthnow ISSN 1070-0692 Soldier with Joint Forces Command–United Assistance, assigned to Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), holds up U.S. flag during promotion and reenlistment ceremony, January 1, 2015, at Barclay Training Center, Monrovia, Liberia (U.S. Army/Rashene Mincy) Upholding Our Oath s the Chairman of the Joint for a peaceful transfer of power to a new pins not only our warrior ethos but also Chiefs of Staff, I am honored administration, I write to share my views the expectations of how we conduct A to represent the extraordinary regarding our mutual obligations as mil- ourselves while in uniform. Soldiers, Marines, Sailors, Airmen, itary professionals and rights as citizens and Coastguardsmen who make up the during this election season. Our Responsibilities Joint Force. Throughout my travels and and Conduct engagements, I continue to be inspired Our Values As military professionals, our most by your professionalism, your com- Every Servicemember swears “to important asset is the trust of and mitment to defending the Nation, and support and defend the Constitution credibility with the American people. your adaptiveness in encountering the of the United States” and to “bear true While we must always safeguard our security challenges our country faces. faith and allegiance to the same.” This professional integrity, extra vigilance is Meeting the challenges of today’s oath is embedded in our professional required during any political transition. dynamic and demanding operating envi- culture and underpins the values that Our individual and collective obligation ronment while preparing the Joint Force shape and define our all-volunteer during this election season is twofold. to win future fights remain a team effort. force. Beginning with General George First, we must recognize that we have This must remain our number one pri- Washington resigning his military com- one Commander in Chief, and until ority, and I continue to devote my time, mission, our deliberate and disciplined authority is transferred on January 20, focus, and energy to this effort. At the commitment to upholding the principle 2017, the Joint Force must remain same time, as our country again prepares of civilian control of the military under- clearly focused on and responsive to the 2 Dialogue / From the Chairman JFQ 82, 3rd Quarter 2016 Soldier fills out absentee ballot form during voting assistance drive at Camp As Sayliyah, Qatar (U.S. Army/Dustin Senger) existing National Command Authority. engagements with the media, the It is an honor to serve as your Second, the Joint Force must conduct public, or in open or social forums. Chairman, and I look forward to hearing itself in such a way that the new admin- from you. JFQ istration has confidence that it will be Closing served by a professional, competent, We are living in the most volatile and GENERAL JOSEPH F. DUNFORD, JR. and apolitical military.
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