The Study on Water Quality Management Plan for Ganga River in the Republic of India
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No. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION DIRECTORATE (NRCD) MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS THE STUDY ON WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR GANGA RIVER IN THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA FINAL REPORT VOLUME V PILOT PROJECT FOR SANITARY IMPROVEMENT OF MANIKARNIKA GHAT JULY 2005 TOKYO ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. GE JR 05-038 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION DIRECTORATE (NRCD) MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS THE STUDY ON WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR GANGA RIVER IN THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA FINAL REPORT VOLUME V PILOT PROJECT FOR SANITARY IMPROVEMENT OF MANIKARNIKA GHAT JULY 2005 TOKYO ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. Foreign Exchange Rate: Master Plan US$ 1 = JPY 109.09 US$ 1 = Rs 45.33 (As of March 2004) Feasibility Study US$ 1 = JPY 103.66 US$ 1 = Rs 43.70 (As of February 2005) FINAL REPORT ON WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR GANGA RIVER JULY 2005 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I SUMMARY VOLUME II RIVER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT PLAN VOLUME III MASTER PLAN FOR PROJECT CITIES VOLUME III-1 SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN FOR LUCKNOW CITY VOLUME III-2 SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN FOR KANPUR CITY VOLUME III-3 SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN FOR ALLAHABAD CITY VOLUME III-4 SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN FOR VARANASI CITY VOLUME III-5 NON-SEWERAGE SCHEME VOLUME III-6 SOCIAL CONSIDERATION AND HYGIENE EDUCATION PLAN VOLUME III-7 RECOMMENDATIONS ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT VOLUME III-8 GIS DATA MANAGEMENT VOLUME III-9 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME VOLUME III-10 FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION VOLUME III-11 (SUPPORTING REPORT) CASE STUDY OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS VOLUME IV FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PROJECT CITIES VOLUME IV-1 FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR LUCKNOW CITY PART I SEWERAGE SCHEME PART II NON-SEWERAGE SCHEME PART III PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AWARENESS PROGRAMME PART IV INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PART V ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION PART VI STAKEHOLDER MEETING PART VII DRAWINGS VOLUME IV-2 FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR KANPUR CITY PART I SEWERAGE SCHEME PART II NON-SEWERAGE SCHEME PART III PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AWARENESS PROGRAMME PART IV INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PART V ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION PART VI STAKEHOLDER MEETING PART VII DRAWINGS VOLUME IV-3 FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ALLAHABAD CITY PART I SEWERAGE SCHEME PART II NON-SEWERAGE SCHEME PART III PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AWARENESS PROGRAMME PART IV INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PART V ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION PART VI STAKEHOLDER MEETING PART VII DRAWINGS VOLUME IV-4 FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR VARANASI CITY PART I SEWERAGE SCHEME PART II NON-SEWERAGE SCHEME PART III PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AWARENESS PROGRAMME PART IV INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PART V ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION PART VI STAKEHOLDER MEETING PART VII DRAWINGS VOLUME V PILOT PROJECT FOR SANITARY IMPROVEMENT OF MANIKARNIKA GHAT VOLUME-V PILOT PROJECT FOR SANITARY IMPROVEMENT OF MANIKARNIKA GHAT Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Appendix Abbreviations TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................1-1 1.1 VARANASI GHATS............................................................................................................1-1 1.2 OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................1-1 1.3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ...............................................................................1-2 1.4 GHAT INVENTORY ...........................................................................................................1-3 CHAPTER 2 SELECTION OF GHAT........................................................................................2-1 2.1 INITIAL SELECTION OF GHATS.....................................................................................2-1 2.2 RISK SURVEY ....................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF ALTERNATIVES ...............................................................2-2 2.4 JUSTIFICATION OF ALTERNATIVES .............................................................................2-4 2.5 REQUEST AND APPROVAL PROCEDURE.....................................................................2-5 CHAPTER 3 PLANNING AND FACILITY DESIGN ...............................................................3-1 3.1 BASIC DESIGN CONCEPT ...............................................................................................3-1 3.2 DETAILED DESIGN...........................................................................................................3-4 3.3 COST ESTIMATION...........................................................................................................3-4 3.4 IMPLEMENTATION...........................................................................................................3-4 CHAPTER 4 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN ..........................................................4-1 4.1 EXISTING CONDITIONS ..................................................................................................4-1 4.1.1 Target Groups ...............................................................................................................4-1 4.1.2 Current Hygiene Management and Facility Maintenance Scenario.............................4-1 4.2 BROAD RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ...............4-2 i 4.3 O&M PLAN OF THE ENTIRE MANIKARNIKA GHAT AREA ......................................4-2 4.3.1 O&M Plan Agreed by Stakeholders .............................................................................4-2 4.3.2 O&M Plan Agreed and Recommendations ..................................................................4-2 4.3.3 CBOs: their composition, their functioning and by-laws.............................................4-4 4.3.4 Long Term O&M Plan..................................................................................................4-5 4.4 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SINGLE FACILITIES:.......................................................4-6 4.5 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AWARENESS PROGRAMME......................................4-7 CHAPTER 5 FORMATION OF COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION FOR O&M....5-1 5.1 BACKGROUND..................................................................................................................5-1 5.2 BASE LINE SURVEY, SITUATION ANALYSIS, IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS AND RAPPORT BUILDING.......................................................................5-1 5.3 BASIC HYGIENE AND SANITATION CONDITIONS ....................................................5-1 5.4 EXISTING FACILITIES AT MANIKARNIKA GHAT AND ITS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.................................................................................................................5-2 5.5 TARGET GROUPS..............................................................................................................5-2 5.6 FIRST STAGE – BASE LINE SURVEY FOR STAKEHOLDERS ....................................5-3 5.7 RESOURCE GENERATION...............................................................................................5-5 5.8 SECOND STAGE ................................................................................................................5-6 5.9 THE PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF THE CBO.................................................................5-6 5.10 MAJOR AIMS AND FUNCTIONS OF CBO......................................................................5-8 5.11 RESPONSIBILITIES OF CBO............................................................................................5-9 5.12 MECHANISM OF FUND COLLECTION AND ITS MANAGEMENT ...........................5-9 5.13 ESTIMATION OF ACCOUNTS FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ..................5-9 5.14 STAFF AND OFFICE REQUIREMENT...........................................................................5-10 5.15 REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................. 5-11 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS OF PILOT PROJECT .............................................................6-1 6.1 DESIGN MODIFICATION..................................................................................................6-1 6.2 PICTURES OF FACILITY ..................................................................................................6-2 6.3 HANDING OVER ...............................................................................................................6-2 6.4 EVALUATION OF PILOT PROJECT.................................................................................6-2 6.5 SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT...............................................................................6-4 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 List of Ghats along the Ganga River in Varanasi............................................................... 1-4 Table 1.2 Summary of Ghat Improvement Needs ............................................................................. 1-5 Table 3.1 Cost Estimate of Pilot Project............................................................................................ 3-4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1 Bird’s Eye View of Proposed Facilities ........................................................................... 3-5 Figure 5.1 CBO Organization Structure...........................................................................................