DOCSLIB.ORG

Guide to the Leptocephali (Elopiformes, Anguilliformes, and Notacanthiformes)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Guide to the Leptocephali (Elopiformes, Anguilliformes, and Notacanthiformes) 424 ( NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular 424 Guide to the Leptocephali (Elopiformes, Anguilliformes, and Notacanthiformes) David G. Smith July 1979 u.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad ministration National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA TECH ALREPORT National Marine Fisherie Service, ircular 3(",\. I'r0re. "ng f.;"STH 1'/\' tll'AI temperlltm~ lind uhlllt\ ctlOn b\ <omput r and Kennt·th A BII" Fchruan '972. 1\ sale I)v thl' ;';uperwtl'ndcnt of [) un ent flee. \\ ash.ngton, n l' 2().1).! "" h. \ to held, lPlll f. at ':1 .169 Field j{uide t(l thl' lingl,'fo hel' (I'oms onlhlfl ('I m th .. t m Atlantic B\' Henn' A Feddern., 'o,cmb r 1 ~2, III 10 P 17 rl r r sale bv the ~'upen~tendent of Documenlll, L' G 'emment PnntHl Of focI', Washington, DC 2Q.I(Y.! 370. Collecting and proce, Ing dota nn fi h eg nnd Ian ftc m th Cahfornia Currl'nt regIOn By David Kramer, M n J Kal n Ehz G Stevens, James R Thrailkill, and Jamc, R. Zweifel ,'oHmb r 1 n, 1\ + J8 p.. figs 1 table .. For HIe b\ the -'u!lt'nntendent f Dncuments. L' S Government Printing Office, \\ a hlngt('" D (' 204 ~ :171 Ocean fishery management: Discu IOn and re,earch 1:1\ dam Sokoloski (editor) (17 papers, :!4 author> I April 1"/,'. \I t- III p figs :12 tables, -; app. table•. 372. Fishery publications, calendar war 19i I' LI. t and md"xe, H\ HI« Thomas A ;\1anar October 197~, IV + 24 p I 1'1: For 'all' b\ the . III + Superintendent of Documents, L' F Government Prmtmg Offi e, GO\f Washingt,1n, 0 C zn-l02 37-1. :\larine flora and fauna of the northeastern L'OIted "Iale FI,hen pubhc-BlIons, calendar HBr 197 _ LI I and mdex B, Annelida, Oligochaeta, By David G Cook and Ralph 0 BnnkhuNl ;\1a\ ThorS<'n and \Ion Ellen ~:ngett :\o\emhf.r 197 ,1\ + ?3 P , 1 fi« 1973. Iii + 23 p., 82 figs. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, ,all' b\ the ~uperlnlendpnl of 0 ument" L S GOH'rnment Pnnttn« US. Guvernment Printing Office, Washington, 0 C 20402 (I t', \\'n hml!ton, [) C :!().I _ 375. :-.Jew Polychaeta from Beaufort, with a key to all speries recorded '\ ;\Iannp nora nd fauna of the northeastern l'nllpd ~tat~ from :-.Jorth Carolina. By John H. Day July 1971, xiii + 140 p., I figs, 1 nogonlda B\ Ln"rence R \lc loske, • eptemhf.r 1973, 111 + 12 P , I table For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. L' S. Government For -all' b\ the ~uperlntt>ndenl of Oocuments, L' ~ GO\ernment Print Printing Office. Washington. DC 20402. OllieI', \\'a,hlngton DC. 2040:! 376. Bottom·water temperatures on the continental shelf. :-':o\'a S\cotia 3H7. ;\Ianne nora and launa or the northeastern l'nlled 'Iat to New Jersey, By John B. Colton. Jr, and Ruth R Stoddard. June 1973, Crustacea Sttlmalllpoda B\ Ra~'m(lnd B :'.1annlnll . February 1974. ii iii + 55 p .. 15 figs., 12 app. tables. For sale by the Supenntendent of h p .. III hl(s For .ale by the ~uperlntendent of Document&. L' , Cove Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 21402 ment Pnntln!! Oflice. Washington, D.C. 20402 . Continuf'd nn inSide back c('wer NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular 424 Guide to the Leptocephali (Elopiformes, Anguilliformes, and Notacanthiformes) David G. Smith July 1979 u.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Juanita M Kreps Seue f1 National Oceanic and Atmospherrc Administration RIc' arc A Fran Ao'" C;' a or National Marine F shenes Service -;- e L Le.ze A. s s n The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec­ ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to NMFS, or to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro­ motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS publication. CONTENTS Page Introduction .................................................................... 1 Characteristics of leptocephali ...................................................... 1 Identification of leptocephali ................................................. ...... 2 Methods ...... ........ ....... ....... .. .. .............. ..... ..... ...... .... 2 Key to orders of leptocephali . 3 Elopiformes . 3 Key to elopiform leptocephali ............................................ .... .... 3 Albulidae: A lbula Linnaeus . 3· Albulidae: Pterothrissus Hilgendorf ......... ... ............ ..................... 4 Elopidae: M ega lops Lacepede . 4 Elopidae: Elops Linnaeus . ... ..... ............................................. 5 Anguilliformes . 6 Key to anguilliform leptocephali . 6 Synaphobranchidae: Dysomminae ........................................... .... 7 Synaphobranchidae: Synaphobranchinae . 8 Synaphobranchidae: Simenchelyinae . 9 Saccopharyngoidei . 9 Moringuidae . 10 Nettastomatidae ..... ..... ..... ... ................. .. ....................... 11 Cyemidae . 12 Ophichthidae . 14 Anguillidae . 17 Derichthyidae: Nessorhamphus Schmidt. .. .. ... .. .. 17 Derichthyidae: Derichthys Gill .................................................. 18 Serrivomeridae . 18 Muraenidae .... ..... .. .. ............ ..................................... 19 Nemichthyidae ........... .... .. .. .......................... .. .............. 22 Xenocongridae . 24 Heterenchelyidae . 25 Congridae (including Muraenesocidae) . 25 Bathymyrinae . 26 Congrinae . 28 Heterocongrinae . 31 Muraenesocidae . 31 Other congridlike eels . 32 Macrocephenchelyidae ............................... ........ ... .. ........ ... 32 Myrocongridae . 32 Unidentified leptocephali ................ ................. .................... 32 I. Unnamed. 32 II. Unnamed.............................. ........ ............ ... ........ 33 ill. Ascomana Castle . 33 IV. Thalassenchelys Castle and Raju . ...................... .. ............... 34 V. Leptocephalus thorianus Schmidt· . 34 Notacanthiformes . 34 Acknowledgments . 36 Literature cited . 36 Appendix . 38 Figures 1. Albulidae: Albula uulpes Linnaeus . 4 2. Albulidae: Pterothrissus belloci Cad en at . 4 3. Elopidae: Megalops atlantica Valenciennes. 5 4. Elopidae: Elops saurus Linnaeus ........................... .. ................... 5 5. Dysomminae, without rostral filament. 8 111 6. Dysomminae, with rostral lilament: Leptocephalus problJ~cidl'us Lea ............ 7. Synaphobranchinae ............................ ..................... 9 8. Saccopharyngoidei, Eurypharyngidae: Eurypharynx prll'c(lnuides Vaillant . • . 9 9. Saccopharyngoidei. Monognathidae ......... ..... ................... 10 10. Moringuidae: Monngua edu'ordsi (Jordan and Holiman) .............•.•.. •. • 11 11. Moringuidae: Neoconger mu('ronatu~ C;irard. ................. ..' . 11 12. Nettastomatidae: Nettalituma·Ml'lop()myctt'r group. .. 11 13. Nettastomatidae Hoplunnis macrura (,in burg . .. ... 12 14. Nettastomatidae Faccwlella sp. ........ • . .. 13 15. Cyemidae: Cyema atrum (Junther ..... ............... ............ 13 16. Cyemidae(?l: Leptocephalus holti 'chmidt . .. 13 17. Ophichthidae: Myrophis punctatu . Lutken .................................. 14 18. Ophichthidae' Ahlw egmontt.\ (.Jordan). ................... ............ 15 19. Ophichthidae' (Jphichthus sp. ........ .............................. ... 15 20. Ophichthidae' Pisodonophi, cruenti! r Goode and B 'an. .. ....•............ 1 21. Ophichthidae: unidentified ........ .... ... ....... ................... H) 22. Anguillidae: Anguilla T'U.,trata (Lesueur) . ........ .. ................. 17 23. Derichthyidae: NesiSorhamphu.\ mgol!rurw ('chmielt l . .. ...... 24. Derichthyidae: Denchthy., .\erpentinu, Gill. .............. 25. Serrivomeridae............ ...... ... ....... 26. Muraemdae: Anarchia., yoshwe Kanazawo ....... ........•. 27. Muraemdae: Channomuraena L ittata (RIchard on I .. .. ...•..... 28. Muraemdae: G)mnothorax nigromorgtnatu « Jlrard). ...... ...... 29. Muraenidae: G)mnothorax mormga ( uvier) ..................... 30. Muraenidae: Muraena miliaris (Kaupl (?) .................•...... 31. ~eml(hthYldae: Nemrchth.\~ I>colopaceu Richard n........ .......... 22 32. Nem,chthyidae: z.,ocettina infaniS (Gunther) .. ....... ...... .. 3 33. Xenocongridae: Kauprchth.\s hyopromrde ( tromman)...... 24 34. Xenocongridae: Chrlorhtnwuemoni Lutken .............. _4 35. Heterenchelyidae: PythonLchth)., mrcrophthalmu (Regan) 25 36. Congridae, Bathymyrinae: Ario'oma baleaneum (Delaro he) . ~6 37. Congrldae, Bathymyrmae: Leptocephalus sealam l a,.,tl ..... '!I 38. Congndae. Bathymynnae: Leptocephalu maerenteron I)'Ancona . .. .............. ~ 7 39. Congridae, Bathymynnae; Paraconger eaudilimbatw Woey) .. ........•. ............ 21 40. Congrldae, Congrinae: Conger oceanicu, (~litchill) . .. ............ 2 41. Congridae, Congrinae: Gnathophis p. ........................................... 29 42. Congridae, Congrinae: Uroconger synngrnu Gin burg ............................... 29 43. Congridae, Congrmae. Rhechia guttulata (Gunther) ................................ _9 44. Congridae, Congrinae. HrldebrandiaflaL'a (Goode and Bean) .......................... 30 45. Congridae, Congrinae. Pseudophrchthys ~plendens (Lea) ............................. 30 46. Congridae, Heterocongrinae: NystactiehthyiS hQ'i~ (Bohlke). ......................... 31 47. Muraenesocidae: Paraxenomystax sp ............. '" . ...... ... .......... 31 48. Unidentified I ............................................ 33 49. Unidentified II ............................................. ... ... .... 33 50. Unidentified III: Ascomana enmLa Castle. 29 mm TL . .. ... .... 34 51. Unidentified III: Ascomana eXLmra Castle, 700 mm TL .... 34 52. Unidentified IV: Thalassenchelys coheni Castle and Raju . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pacific Plate Biogeography, with Special Reference to Shorefishes
    Pacific Plate Biogeography, with Special Reference to Shorefishes VICTOR G. SPRINGER m SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 367 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoo/ogy Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world cf science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.
    [Show full text]
  • Order ANGUILLIFORMES
    click for previous page 1630 Bony Fishes Order ANGUILLIFORMES ANGUILLIDAE Freshwater eels by D.G. Smith iagnostic characters: Body moderately elongate, cylindrical in front and only moderately com- Dpressed along the tail. Eye well developed, moderately small in females and immatures, markedly enlarged in mature males. Snout rounded. Mouth moderately large, gape ending near rear margin of eye; lower jaw projects beyond upper; well-developed fleshy flanges on upper and lower lips. Teeth small, granular, in narrow to broad bands on jaws and vomer. Anterior nostril tubular, near tip of snout; posterior nostril a simple opening in front of eye at about mideye level. Dorsal and anal fins continuous around tail; dorsal fin begins well behind pectoral fins, somewhat in front of or above anus; pectoral fins well developed. Small oval scales present, embedded in skin and arranged in a basket-weave pattern. Lateral line complete. Colour: varies from yellowish green to brown or black; sexually mature individuals often bicoloured, black above and white below, with a bronze or silvery sheen. well-developed scales present dorsal-fin origin lips well back projecting pectoral fins present lower jaw Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Anguillid eels spend most of their adult lives in fresh water or estuarine habitats. They are nocturnal, hiding by day and coming out at night to forage. They take almost any available food, mainly small, benthic invertebrates. They are extremely hardy and live in a wide variety of aquatic habitats. At maturity, they leave fresh water and enter the ocean to spawn. Some species migrate long distances to specific spawning areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean Volume
    ISBN 0-9689167-4-x Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean (Davis Strait, Southern Greenland and Flemish Cap to Cape Hatteras) Volume One Acipenseriformes through Syngnathiformes Michael P. Fahay ii Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean iii Dedication This monograph is dedicated to those highly skilled larval fish illustrators whose talents and efforts have greatly facilitated the study of fish ontogeny. The works of many of those fine illustrators grace these pages. iv Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean v Preface The contents of this monograph are a revision and update of an earlier atlas describing the eggs and larvae of western Atlantic marine fishes occurring between the Scotian Shelf and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (Fahay, 1983). The three-fold increase in the total num- ber of species covered in the current compilation is the result of both a larger study area and a recent increase in published ontogenetic studies of fishes by many authors and students of the morphology of early stages of marine fishes. It is a tribute to the efforts of those authors that the ontogeny of greater than 70% of species known from the western North Atlantic Ocean is now well described. Michael Fahay 241 Sabino Road West Bath, Maine 04530 U.S.A. vi Acknowledgements I greatly appreciate the help provided by a number of very knowledgeable friends and colleagues dur- ing the preparation of this monograph. Jon Hare undertook a painstakingly critical review of the entire monograph, corrected omissions, inconsistencies, and errors of fact, and made suggestions which markedly improved its organization and presentation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Congrid Eels of the Genus Ariosoma from Taiwan, With
    Zoological Studies 37(1): 7-12 (1998) A Review of Congrid Eels of the Genus Ariosoma from Taiwan, with Description of a New Species Shih-Chieh Shen Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, R.O.C. Tel: 886-2-23630231 ext. 2353. Fax: 886-2-23636837. E-mail: [email protected] (Accepted September 10, 1997) Shih-Chieh Shen (1998) A review of congrid eels of the genus Ariosoma from Taiwan, with description of a new species. Zoological Studies 37(1): 7-12. Diagnosis, description, and figures are presented for the 4 Formosan species of Ariosoma which include A. anago (Temminck and Schlegel, 1842), A. anagoides (Bleeker, 1864), A. shiroanago major (Asano, 1958) and a new species A. nancyae. Ariosoma nancyae is distinctive in its combination of a stout body; 157 total vertebrae; 53 preanal lateral-line pores, and 95 pores behind anus to tail; upper end of gill opening at level of 1/4 upper end of pectoral-fin base; black spots on head, and black bands on body, tail, and fins. Key words: Fish taxonomy, Congridae, Fish fauna, New species, Taiwan. The congrid eel genus Ariosoma Swainson, gate; preanal length more than 40% of total; tip of 1838 is not a well-known group of fishes because tail blunt and stiff, caudal fin reduced; dorsal fin of its small size and unusual habitats. It is, how- insertion origin near level of pectoral fin base; pec- ever, one of the most abundant and diverse toral fin well developed; snout rounded, projecting congrid genera in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Conger Oceanicus
    Conger Eel − Conger oceanicus Overall Vulnerability Rank = High Biological Sensitivity = Moderate Climate Exposure = Very High Data Quality = 62% of scores ≥ 2 Expert Data Expert Scores Plots Conger oceanicus Scores Quality (Portion by Category) Low Moderate Stock Status 2.4 0.5 High Other Stressors 2.5 1.2 Very High Population Growth Rate 2.1 0.8 Spawning Cycle 2.9 2.4 Complexity in Reproduction 2.4 1.9 Early Life History Requirements 2.5 1.8 Sensitivity to Ocean Acidification 1.2 1.3 Prey Specialization 1.6 2.1 Habitat Specialization 2.4 3.0 Sensitivity attributes Sensitivity to Temperature 1.6 2.8 Adult Mobility 1.5 1.8 Dispersal & Early Life History 1.3 2.8 Sensitivity Score Moderate Sea Surface Temperature 4.0 3.0 Variability in Sea Surface Temperature 1.0 3.0 Salinity 2.4 3.0 Variability Salinity 1.2 3.0 Air Temperature 4.0 3.0 Variability Air Temperature 1.0 3.0 Precipitation 1.3 3.0 Variability in Precipitation 1.4 3.0 Ocean Acidification 4.0 2.0 Exposure variables Variability in Ocean Acidification 1.0 2.2 Currents 2.2 1.0 Sea Level Rise 2.4 1.5 Exposure Score Very High Overall Vulnerability Rank High Conger Eel (Anguilla oceanica) Overall Climate Vulnerability Rank: High (93% certainty from bootstrap analysis). Climate Exposure: Very High. Three exposure factors contributed to this score: Ocean Surface Temperature (4.0), Ocean Acidification (4.0) and Air Temperature (4.0). Conger Eel are semelparous: spawning in the ocean, developing in marine and estuarine habitats, then feeding growing, and maturing in marine and estuarine habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitic Infection of Sole Solea Solea by Prosorhynchus Spp
    DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Vol. 58: 179–184, 2004 Published March 10 Dis Aquat Org Parasitic infection of sole Solea solea by Prosorhynchus spp. metacercariae (Digenea, Bucephalidae) in Atlantic nurseries under mussel cultivation influence Pascal Laffargue1, Grégory Baudouin1, Pierre Sasal2, Christophe Arnaud1, Marie-Laure Begout Anras1, Françoise Lagardère1,* 1CREMA-L’Houmeau (UMR10 CNRS-Ifremer), BP5, 17137 L’Houmeau, France 2Laboratoire de Biologie animale, UMR 5555 CNRS, Université de Perpignan, av. de Villeneuve, 66860 Perpignan Cédex, France ABSTRACT: Cysts of metacercariae were obtained on 2 dates from juvenile sole Solea solea sea- sampled in an area of mussel cultivation (Pertuis Charentais, Bay of Biscay, France). An initial assess- ment of parasite genus and infestation level was based on 192 cysts extracted from 2 fish samples, taken in August (n = 20) and December 2000 (n = 14). Our results confirmed the sole as second inter- mediate host of bucephalid trematodes of the genus Prosorhynchus, which has not previously been noticed in Atlantic stocks. Prevalence, ca. 65% on both dates, indicated an substantial infestation of these small fish, with a mean abundance of parasites increasing from August (3.3 ± 1.1) to December (8.1 ± 3.4). Cysts were localised in all body parts of the host, and positioning varied depending on sampling date. However, the cephalic area was always the most infested (72.7 and 49.1% in August and December, respectively). Parasite measurements suggested a protracted infestation process, which may be initiated in spring during sole settlement. Most of the largest metacercariae had the rhynchus characteristics of P. crucibulum, though the possibility of them being other species (P.
    [Show full text]
  • Branchial Muscles 10 Representatives of Five Eel Families!' 2 GARETH J
    Branchial Muscles 10 Representatives of Five Eel Families!' 2 GARETH J. N ELSON3 D URING THE EVOLUTION of eels the gill arch lated genera ( those listed in N elson, 1966 ) skeleton of some forms was profoundly modi­ suggested that the six genera selected for study fied in gross structure. The modifications are are representative of the families or subfamilies adaptive and are associated with body form and to which they belong. All material was ob­ feeding habits of eels (Nelson, 1966 ). The tained from the collections of the Dep artment present paper deals with the musculature at­ of Zoology, University of Hawaii . W ith the tached to the gill arch skeleton of eels repre­ exception of specimens of Anguilla, study senting five families, primarily of the suborder material originally was collected by means of Anguilloidei. Six genera were chosen for study: shallow water rotenone poisoning around Oahu Congel' (Congridae), Anguilla (Anguillidae), and Christmas Island. M oringtta (Moringuidae) , Kattpichthys (Xeno­ The illustrations show the muscles in ap­ congridae), Uropterygius, and Gymn othorax proximately their relative size and positions. (Muraenidae) . The gill arch skeleton of these Muscles attaching to structures other than gill forms shows a progressive reduction of ele­ arches are shown transected . Occasionally ments, showing probable stages in the evolu­ other muscles are shown with parts removed tionary development of the specialized "pha­ to reveal underlying structures . Roots of the ryngeal jaws" of the morays-eels of the branchial arteries are included in the illustra­ family Muraenidae. tions, for they serve as convenient landmarks, Gill arch musculature in eels has been studied separating adjacent muscles.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Development of Female Bonefish (Albula Spp.)
    REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE BONEFISH (ALBULA SPP.) FROM THE BAHAMAS by Cameron Alexander Luck A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Charles E. Schmidt College of Science In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, Florida December 2018 Copyright 2018 by Cameron Luck ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I sincerely appreciate the guidance of my advisor Dr. Matthew Ajemian for his continued support throughout this endeavor as well as the input from my committee members: Dr. Sahar Mejri, Dr. Aaron Adams, and Dr. Paul Wills. I am extremely grateful for the collaboration and support of Justin Lewis. Field collections would have been impossible without his local knowledge, willingness to be available, passion for bonefish, and incredible work ethic. I am also grateful for the words of wisdom and comedic relief often provided by fellow graduate students, lab members, and interns of the Fish Ecology and Conservation Lab: Grace Roskar, Breanna Degroot, Steve Lombardo, Rachel Shaw, Mike McCallister, Alex Allen, and many others. This project was financially supported by Bonefish & Tarpon Trust (BTT) and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF). We are grateful for the lodging and water access provided by East End Lodge, Andros South, and Hank’s Place. The experimental protocol for this study received approval from Florida Atlantic University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Animal Use Protocol #A16-34). iv ABSTRACT Author: Cameron Luck Title: Reproductive Development of Female Bonefish (Albula spp.) from the Bahamas Institution: Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Matthew J. Ajemian Degree: Master of Science Year: 2018 Bonefish (Albula spp.) support an economically important sport fishery, yet little is known regarding the reproductive biology of this genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2016 Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes Christi Linardich Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biology Commons, Environmental Health and Protection Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Linardich, Christi. "Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes" (2016). Master of Science (MS), Thesis, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/hydh-jp82 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/13 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOTSPOTS, EXTINCTION RISK AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES OF GREATER CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO MARINE BONY SHOREFISHES by Christi Linardich B.A. December 2006, Florida Gulf Coast University A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE BIOLOGY OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2016 Approved by: Kent E. Carpenter (Advisor) Beth Polidoro (Member) Holly Gaff (Member) ABSTRACT HOTSPOTS, EXTINCTION RISK AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES OF GREATER CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO MARINE BONY SHOREFISHES Christi Linardich Old Dominion University, 2016 Advisor: Dr. Kent E. Carpenter Understanding the status of species is important for allocation of resources to redress biodiversity loss.
    [Show full text]
  • CBD Strategy and Action Plan
    http://www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/cumbria/importance%20of%20biodiversity.htm [Accessed 10th October, 2003]. Daiylpress (2002); Brown Tree frog; [on line]. Available on. www.vvdailypress.com/ living/biogeog [Accessed 13th December 2003]. FAO(2002); St. Kitts and Nevis Agricultural Diversification Project: Unpublished research presented to the Water Services Department. FloridaGardener (2002); Giant or marine Toad; [on line]. Available on. http://centralpets.com/pages/photopages/reptiles/frogs/ [Accessed 12th December 2003]. Friends of Guana River state park (2002); Racer snake; [on line] Available on. http://www.guanapark.org/ecology/fauna [Accessed 21st November, 2003]. GEF/UNDP(2000); Capacity Development Initiative; [online] Available on. http://www.gefweb.org/Documents/Enabling_Activity_Projects/CDI/LAC_Assessment.p df [Accessed 12th November, 2003]. Granger, M.A (1995) ; Agricultral Diversification Project : Land Use; Basseterre : Government of St.Kitts and Nevis. Guardianlife (2004);Leatherback turtle; [on line]. Available on. www.guardianlife.co.tt/glwildlife/ neckles.html [Accessed 15th May 2004] Harris, B(2001); Convention on Biological Diversity Country Study Report: Socio- economic issues; Basseterre, Government of St. Kitts and Nevis. Henry, C (2002); Civil Society & Citizenship; [on line]. Available on. http://www.la.utexas.edu/chenry/civil/archives95/csdiscuss/0006.html [Accessed 15th September 2003]. http://www.yale.edu/environment/publications/bulletin/101pdfs/101strong.pdf Heyliger, S (2001); Convention on Biological Diversity Country Study Report: Marine & Biodiversity; Government of St.Kitts and Nevis. Hilder, P (1989); The Birds of Nevis; Charlestown; Nevis Histroical and Conservation Society. Horwith, B & Lindsay, K(1999); A Biodiversity Profile of St. Kitts and Nevis; USVI; Island Resources Foundation. Imperial Valley College (2001); Spotted Sandpiper; [on line].
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 9. State of Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the U.S
    State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the Northeast United States Chapter 9 in The State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the United States Report Recommended citation: Packer DB, Nizinski MS, Bachman MS, Drohan AF, Poti M, Kinlan BP (2017) State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the Northeast United States. In: Hourigan TF, Etnoyer, PJ, Cairns, SD (eds.). The State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the United States. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS‐OHC‐4, Silver Spring, MD. 62 p. Available online: http://deepseacoraldata.noaa.gov/library. An octopus hides in a rock wall dotted with cup coral and soft coral in Welker Canyon off New England. Courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research. STATE OF DEEP‐SEA CORAL AND SPONGE ECOSYSTEMS OF THE NORTHEAST UNITED STATES STATE OF DEEP-SEA CORAL AND SPONGE David B. Packer1*, ECOSYSTEMS OF THE Martha S. NORTHEAST UNITED Nizinski2, Michelle S. STATES Bachman3, Amy F. Drohan1, I. Introduction Matthew Poti4, The Northeast region extends from Maine to North Carolina ends at and Brian P. the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It encompasses the 4 continental shelf and slope of Georges Bank, southern New Kinlan England, and the Mid‐Atlantic Bight to Cape Hatteras as well as four New England Seamounts (Bear, Physalia, Mytilus, and 1 NOAA Habitat Ecology Retriever) located off the continental shelf near Georges Bank (Fig. Branch, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 1). Of particular interest in the region is the Gulf of Maine, a semi‐ Sandy Hook, NJ enclosed, separate “sea within a sea” bounded by the Scotian Shelf * Corresponding Author: to the north (U.S.
    [Show full text]