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H0034101.Pdf UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA ANTIGUA TESIS DOCTORAL La representación del "thiasos" marino en los mosaicos romanos MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR María Luz Neira Jiménez DIRIGIDA POR José María Blázquez Martínez Madrid, 2002 ISBN: 978-84-8466-100-9 © María Luz Neira Jiménez, 1992 LA REPRESENTACION DEL TRIASOS MARINO EN LOS MOSAICOS ROMANOS. NEREIDAS Y TRITONES. Tesis doctoral presentada por M~ Luz Neira Jiménez y dirigida por el Catedrático D. José M~ Blázquez Martínez. TOMO 1 tndice general. Tomo 1 Prólogo 6 Abreviaturas 11 1. Introducción 15 II. Antecedentes . 33 Notas bibliográficas 46 III. Estudio tipológico 48 1. Nereidas 48 1. Nereidas en posición diagonal junto a la cola pisciforme de un monstruo marino o variedadde tritón 48 2. Nereidas vistas de espaldas sobre la cola pisciforme de un monstruo marino o variedad de tritón 66 3. Nereidas sentadas o recostadas, de cara al espectador y vistas generalmente de tres cuartos, sobre la cola pisciforme de un monstruo marino o variedad de tritón con las piernas en sentido inverso a la dirección de su montura.... 84 3’. Nereidas sentadas o recostadas de tres cuartos en el mismo sentido que la marcha del monstruo marino o tritón sobre cuya cola pisciforme figuran, a veces cabalgando 129 2. Tritones 144 1. Tritones que presentan una mano en la cadera y extienden la otra hacia delante 144 2. Tritones que extienden una mano hacia atrás 153 3. Tritones que alzan una mano hacia atrés yadelantanlaotra 162 4. Tritones que cruzan un brazo por delante de su torso 165 5. Tritones que figuran alzando las dos manos 170 6. Tritones que figuran dando la espalda al espectador . 171 Notas bibliogréficas .... .... 173 IV. Estudio iconográfico. 180 1. Nereidas ..... ....... 180 1. Clases de monturas 180 2. Asociación con el cortejo marino 187 3. Atributos e indumentaria 190 2. Tritones 222 1. Variedades 222 2. Actividades dentro del cortejo marino... 229 3. Atributoseindumentaria 265 Notas bibliográficas . 289 y. Representaciones de nereidas y tritones identificadas por inscripciones 292 1. Sobre la supuesta identificación de algunas representaciones de nereidas 317 Notas bibliográficas 331 VI. Composiciones 336 1. Asociación con otras representaciones 365 2. Relación con el contexto arquitectónico..... 377 Notas bibliográficas 388 VII. Cronología . 390 Notas bibliográficas 411 VIII. Conclusiones 414 Bibliografía 488 4 Tomo II Indice...... 2 Catálogo 5 Notas bibliográficas . ..... 508 Tomos de láminas 5 Prólogo. Al obtener nuestra licenciatura en Geografía e Historia (sección de Historia, especialidad de Historia Antigua) y realizar la Memoria de Licenciatura, por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, el Catedrático D. José M~ Blázquez Martínez, nos brindó la magnífica oportunidad de poder colaborar en el Corpus de Mosaicos de España, Proyecto de Investigación que, bajo su dirección, venía realizándose, igual que en la actualidad, en el antiguo Instituto “Rodrigo Caro”, hoy Departamento de Historia Antigua y Arqueología, del CSIC. Ligados, en un principio, al equipo del Proyecto por un contrato de los denominados de carácter específico y de urgencia durante 1983 y 1984, estos dos años fueron decisivos en nuestra aproximación al estudio de los mosaicos romanos, habiendo sido fundamentales para la posterior iniciación de la tesis doctoral que, gracias a una beca de Formación de Personal Investigador de Cajamadrid e inscrita en el marco del Proyecto, comenzamos en 1985. Tras los cuatro años de la citada beca, en el transcurso de los cuales avanzó nuestra formación y el estado de nuestra investigación, otra beca de FPI, adscrita a Proyecto, esta vez del MEC, nos ha permitido concluir esta tesis doctoral. Es nuestro deseo destacar que durante todos estos años y en la actualidad, tanto el magisterio científico como el apoyo personal del Profesor Dr. D. José M~ Blázquez Martínez y de los miembros del equipo del Proyecto Corpus de Mosaicos de España, especialmente la Dra. Doña Guadalupe López Monteagudo, quienes han puesto a nuestra disposición todos los medios humanos y materiales a su alcance, han favorecido extraordinariamente nuestra formación y el avance de u nuestra investigación, y como resultado la realización de esta tesis doctoral. En este sentido, queremos manifestar en primer lugar todo nuestro agradecimiento al Profesor Dr. D. José M~ Blázquez Martínez, director de esta tesis, por sus valiosos consejos y apreciaciones, así como a la Dra. Doña Guadalupe López Monteagudo, Colaborador Científico del Departamento de Arqueología del CSIC e Investigadora del Proyecto Corpus de Mosaicos de España, sin cuya inestimable ayuda tampoco hubiera sido posible la realización del trabajo, y a la Dra. Doña M~ Pilar San Nicolás Pedraz, miembro del equipo del citado Proyecto. Asimismo, es de resaltar también la ayuda prestada por otros investigadores españoles que han enriquecido nuestro trabajo, proporcionándonos datos e información de incalculable valor y dándonos toda clase de facilidades para fotografiar los mosaicos hispanorromanos. Por ello, deseamos dar las gracias al fallecido Profesor Dr. D. Alberto Balil, al Dr. D. José M8 Alvarez Martínez, Director del Museo Nacional de Arte Romano de Mérida, al Dr. D. Ramón Corzo, tanto en calidad de Director del Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Cádiz, como en la de Director del Conjunto arqueológico de Itálica, a D. Fernando Fernández, Director del Museo Arqueológico de Sevilla, a la Dra. Doña Ana M~ Vicens, durante muchos años Directora del Museo Arqueológico de Córdoba, al Dr. D. Alejandro Muñoz, Conservador del Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid, al Dr. D. Guillermo Kirpatrick, Director del Museo Arqueológico de Badajoz, así como al Profesor Dr. D. Adolfo Domínguez, de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, y al Profesor Dr. D. Francisco Díez de Velasco, de la Universidad de La Laguna. Del mismo modo, por la información suministrada y el envío de numerosas fotografías e incluso de algunas publicaciones de difícil acceso debido a su escasa ( difusión, deseamos hacer constar aquí igualmente nuestro agradecimiento a numerosos investigadores, conservadores de museos y particulares extranjeros. Al Dr. Kolbe, II Director del Istituto Germanico de Roma, al Dr. M. Krebbs, hoy en el DAI de Atenas, a la Sra. Doña M. Schrbder, de la Fototeca del Istituto Germanico de Roma, a la Sra. Doña y. K~5nig, de la Biblioteca de L’École Frangaise de Roma, a la Dra. E. Stahn, de la Biblioteca Hertziana de Roma, al Dr. M.L. Veloccia Rinaldi, Soprintendente de la Sopr. Archeologica per il Lazio, a la Dra. P. Pelagatti, Soprintendente de la Sopr. Archeologica di Etruria Meridionale, al Dr. G. Chiarucci, Director del Museo Civico Albano, a la Dra. E. Laforgia, de la Sopr. alía Antichit~ di Napoles, al Dr. A. E. Feruglio, Soprintendente de la Sopr. Archeologica per L’Umbria, al Dr. F. Battistelli, del Museo Civico de Fano, a la Dra. C. Morigi, Directora del Museo Civico Archeologico de Bolonia, al Sr. D. Norberto Saveri, de la Villa Lante (Bagnaia), a la Prof. R. Piccioli, del Museo Civico “U. Formentini” de La Spezia, al Dr. J. B. Tsirkin, de la antigua Academia de Ciencias Soviéticas, al Dr. A. Ennabli, Director del Conjunto arqueológico de Carthago, al Dr. J. Lund y a la Dra. M. Korsholm, Conservadores del Department of Oriental an Classical Antiquities del Museo Nacional de Dinamarca, al Sr. D. W. Matthys, Superintendente del North Africa American Cemetery de Carthago-Sidi Bou Said, al Dr. A. Kebbour, Director del Museo de Djemila, al Prof. M. Nordine, Director del Musée National Ahmed Zabana de Orán, al Dr. O. Al Mahjub, del Servicio de AntigUedades de Libia, a la Dra. Luisa Musso, de la Universidad de Roma, al Dr. M. Bairrao, del Patrimonio Arqueológico de Lisboa, al Dr. F. Baratte, Conservador Jefe del Department des antiquités grecques et romaines del Louvre, a la Dra. E. Ugaglia, Conservadora del Musée de Saint-Raymond de Toulouse, a la Dra. H. Chew, Conservadora del Musée des Antiquités .8 nationales de Saint-Germain—en—Laye, a la Dra. C. Buret, Conservadora del Musée de l’Avallonnais, a la Sra. D. 5. Roulet, de Orbe, al Dr. H.P. Hock, del Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, al Dr. K. Zimmermann, Director del Bernisches Historisches Museum de Berna, al Dr. M. Korkuti, Director del Center of Archaeological Researches de Tirana, a la Sra. Doña A. Kankeleit, del DAI de Atenas, a la Dra. 5. Zuzzi, de la Scuola Archeologica Italiana de Atenas, a la Sra. Doña 5. Markoulaki, del Museo Arqueológico de Chania, al Dr. M. Siganidou, Director de AntigUedades de Edessa, al Dr. D. Grammenos, director del Museo Arqueológico de Tesalónica, al Dr. W. Coulson, Director de la American School of Classical Studies de Atenas, al Dr. W. A. Daszewski, Director de las excavaciones de Nea Paphos, a la Dra. 5. Campbell, del Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies de Toronto, y a la Dra. L. Roussin, responsable de las excavaciones emprendidas en Em Yael, en las proximidades de Jerusalén. En el mismo sentido, queremos agradecer la colaboración prestada por un gran número de instituciones españolas y extranjeras. En primer lugar, al CSIC, en cuyo Departamento de Arqueología del Centro de Estudios Históricos, hemos desarrollado la mayor parte de nuestra investigación, y a Cajamadrid y al MEC, con cuya ayuda científica y material, respectivamente, hemos contado para la realización de esta tesis doctoral. De igual modo queremos hacer extensivo nuestro agradecimiento al Instituto Arqueológico Alemán de Madrid, al Museo
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