DOCSLIB.ORG

EG-Helwan South Power Project Raven Natural Gas Pipeline

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
EG-Helwan South Power Project Raven Natural Gas Pipeline EG-Helwan South Power Project The Egyptian Natural Gas Company Raven Natural Gas Pipeline ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT June 2019 Final Report Prepared By: 1 ESIA study for RAVEN Pipeline Pipeline Rev. Date Prepared By Description Hend Kesseba, Environmental I 9.12.2018 Specialist Draft I Anan Mohamed, Social Expert Hend Kesseba, Environmental II 27.2.2019 Specialist Final I Anan Mohamed, Social Expert Hend Kesseba, Environmental Final June 2019 Specialist Final II Anan Mohamed, Social Expert 2 ESIA study for Raven Pipeline Executive Summary Introduction The Government of Egypt (GoE) has immediate priorities to increase the use of the natural gas as a clean source of energy and let it the main source of energy through developing natural gas fields and new explorations to meet the national gas demand. The western Mediterranean and the northern Alexandria gas fields are planned to be a part from the national plan and expected to produce 900 million standard cubic feet per day (MMSCFD) in 2019. Raven gas field is one of those fields which GASCO (the Egyptian natural gas company) decided to procure, construct and operate a new gas pipeline to transfer rich gas from Raven gas field in north Alexandria to the western desert gas complex (WDGC) and Amreya Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) plant in Alexandria. The extracted gas will be transported through a new gas pipeline, hereunder named ‘’the project’’, with 70 km length and 30’’ inch diameter to WDGC and 5 km length 18” inch diameter to Amreya LPG. The proposed project will be funded from the World Bank(WB) by the excess of fund from the south-helwan project (due to a change in scope of south helwan project, there is loan saving of US$ 74.6 m which GASCO decided to employ it in the proposed project). As stipulated by Egyptian legislations, namely law 4 year 2004 and amendment law 9 year 2009, an Environment and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) should be prepared prior to the execution of gas connection projects and approval from the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) should be obtained prior to project commencement. Additionally, as the project is funded from the WB GASCO must ensure that project implementation will adhere to WB standards. EcoConServ had been retained by GASCO to conduct an ESIA complies with the national and international standards. The proposed pipeline, implemented by Petrojet, GASCO contractor; aims to achieve the government's plan to expand the delivery of natural gas to industry and consumers by increasing the production of both (WDGC) and Amreya Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to contribute to the local market. Rational of the Environmental and Social impact assessment (ESIA) This ESIA has been prepared based on the Terms of Reference prepared by GASCO and cleared by the World Bank; additionally, the national requirements regarding scope and detail of assessment and procedure, and gives particular emphasis to public information and stakeholder participation. It will identify and assess significant impacts the proposed project is likely to have on the local population and on human health; on land, soil, water, air and climate; on landscape; on biodiversity; and on cultural heritage. It will identify risks and will suggest mitigation measures where appropriate. 2 ESIA study for Raven Pipeline Approach to the Study Kick off meetings with GASCO project’s team to understand their plans and activities related to the proposed project; Conducting site visits to the project site, to collect the baseline data regarding the current environmental and social situation for the areas crossing by the route of the pipeline; Reviewing the available information and documents regarding the project including the required governmental permits; Carry out air and noise measurements in different areas crossing by the pipeline and comparing with national and international allowable limits; Assessment and evaluation of potential impacts of the proposed project; Development of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP); Preparation and performing of the scoping session to analyze the response of the different stakeholders and identify the impact of the stakeholders’ responses on the original work plan Performing Public Consultation in order to engage local key stakeholders within the governorate and involve them in the revision of the draft findings of the ESIA including the study of the various alternatives; and Develop an institutional development plan to ensure effective and efficient implementation of the proposed environmental and social management and monitoring activities. Project Overview The construction of the new pipeline will deliver the natural gas from Rasheed petroleum company ( it is the start point of Raven pipeline located onshore) to WDGC and Amreya LPG in Alexandria Governorate in order to facilitate the potential of future connection of natural gas to other industrial and residential areas in the areas crossing by the pipeline. However, GASCO main role is supplying industrial sector by natural gas not supplying natural gas to residential household. The connection of natural is under the role of the local distributor companies. The submarine connection between the offshore field to starting point of the route of Raven pipeline is out of the project scope but a separate due diligence study will be prepared for offshore pipeline and also the offshore facility supply gas to the offshore pipeline The 30’’ pipeline starts from valve Room 1 inside Rasheed Gas company in Edko district, 1 km away from the Mediterranean coast, then southwards to meet the international coastal road and run parallel to it from the north side parallel to the existing 20’’pipeline El Meadia/Edko for 14 km. It passes through Edko Lake and fish farms with a length of about 7 km from 18.800 km to 25.700 km and intersects with Petroleum Companies Road - Abu Bakir Rasheed Road and a number of canal and drainages. There are two valve 3 ESIA study for Raven Pipeline rooms (2 and 3) parallel to the international coastal road from the north side. The pipeline cuts the international coastal road at 32.5 km where the proposed valve room 4 will exist then runs parallel to it from the south side to 42.5 km intersecting with Mahmudiyah canal cuts, Cairo / Alexandria agricultural road and Cairo / Alexandria railway. Afterwards, it leaves the international coastal road and deviates to south west direction to intersect with the new Mariout Canal and the Dushoudi Drainage then runs parallel to the canal and the drainage from the western side up to 50.2 km where the proposed valve room 5 will be construct. It passes by El Amoom drainage, lake and asphalet road and runs parallel to el Hares el amoomy drainage from south east direction for 57.300 km then it intersects it with el hares (1) drainage to run parallel to the latter drainage from the south direction parallel to Nubaria navigational lake from the east side passing through agriculture lands and the proposed valve room 6 at 66.500 km. Finally, the pipeline cuts Nubaria navigational canal from the westward direction and West Drainage of Nubaria, railway to reach the end point in valve room 7 inside The Western Desert Gas Complex with a total of 70 km and 7 valve rooms (3 exists and 4 proposed) and 18 intersections 18’’ pipeline is branched from 30’’ pipeline . It starts from valve room 1 proposed to be constructed on the proposed Raven 30’’ natural gas pipeline from the south side of el hares el Amoomy Drainage in Alexandria and then runs north-west for a distance of 4.5 km inside a Salt Lake (Malahat) and Maryot lake intersects with nubaria canal to reach the proposed valve room 2’ next to the fence of the existing Amreya Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Company and extend within the company for a distance of 500 meters until it reaches the end point at valve Room 3’ with total distance of 5 km, 3 proposed valve rooms and 3 main intersections(Maryot lake, hares el omoomy Drainage and nubaria canal). Construction Phase The project will be carried out by Petrojet, a contractor under GASCO’s supervision and control. It is expected that the engineering, procurement and construction phases will collectively take about 24 months. The following activities will be conducted in the construction phase: • Right of Way(RoW) activities. • Pipe transportation and storage. • Trenching. • Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) or boring for the road crossings • Welding and inspection. • Coating and inspection • Wrapping of joints. • Ditching. • Installation of valves. • Tie-ins 4 ESIA study for Raven Pipeline • Laying fiber-optic cables • Backfilling. • Pigging. • Hydrostatic test. • Dewatering. • Purging& commissioning. • Manufacturing and fittings for valves rooms (including civil, mechanical, and electric components). The construction of the new gas pipelines will rely on Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) in crossing with waterways, main asphalet roads and railways. Operation Phase The operation phase is normally functioned through the central control unit through the SCADA system. Normal maintenance and monitoring work will be performed including patrolling to leakages and potential hazards detection. In case of leak detection, or damage in parts of the pipeline, the damaged part will be isolated and the necessary action will be taken according to the emergency response plan of GASCO. Project Alternatives The main target of the proposed project is to increase the natural gas supply to WDGC and Amreya LPG plant in order to increase the production rate of these plants and also to meet the growing national demand. In case of having “No Action”, this will affect the petrochemical industry in Egypt as Raven gas will be transferred through WDGC and Amreyia LPG to a set of petrochemical materials which are :- 1- Mixture of ethane and propane. 2- propane for export, 3- LPG Accordingly, in case there is no gas from RAVEN, the production of all the previous products can't be increased.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Egypt Real Estate Trends 2018 in Collaboration With
    know more.. Egypt Real Estate Trends 2018 In collaboration with -PB- -1- -2- -1- Know more.. Continuing on the momentum of our brand’s focus on knowledge sharing, this year we lay on your hands the most comprehensive and impactful set of data ever released in Egypt’s real estate industry. We aspire to help our clients take key investment decisions with actionable, granular, and relevant data points. The biggest challenge that faces Real Estate companies and consumers in Egypt is the lack of credible market information. Most buyers rely on anecdotal information from friends or family, and many companies launch projects without investing enough time in understanding consumer needs and the shifting demand trends. Know more.. is our brand essence. We are here to help companies and consumers gain more confidence in every real estate decision they take. -2- -1- -2- -3- Research Methodology This report is based exclusively on our primary research and our proprietary data sources. All of our research activities are quantitative and electronic. Aqarmap mainly monitors and tracks 3 types of data trends: • Demographic & Socioeconomic Consumer Trends 1 Million consumers use Aqarmap every month, and to use our service they must register their information in our database. As the consumers progress in the usage of the portal, we ask them bite-sized questions to collect demographic and socioeconomic information gradually. We also send seasonal surveys to the users to learn more about their insights on different topics and we link their responses to their profiles. Finally, we combine the users’ profiles on Aqarmap with their profiles on Facebook to build the most holistic consumer profile that exists in the market to date.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report of Egypt *
    HIGH LEVEL FORUM ON GLOBAL CONFERENCE ROOM PAPER GEOSPATIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION NO. 4 First Forum Seoul, Republic of Korea, 24-26 October 2011 Country Report of Egypt * ___________________ * Submitted by: Mrs. Nahla Seddik Mohammed Saleh, Engineer in the GIS Department, Central Agency for Public Mobilization And Statistics 1 High Level Forum on Global Geospatial Information Management Seoul – Republic of Korea 24-26 October 2011 Egypt Report On The Development and Innovations of Egypt National geospatial Information System Prepared by Eng. Nahla Seddik Mohammed Director of Communication Systems Unit in GIS Department [email protected] CAPMAS,CAIRO, Nasr City, Salah Salem Street,B.O,BOX:2086 Tel:002024024986 Fax:002022611066 [email protected] www.capmas.gov.eg About The Department The Geographical Information Systems Department was established in 1989, to do the following tasks: 1. Establishment the administrative boundaries of Egypt for all three levels(Governorate- Ksm\Mrkz-shiakha\village). 2. Creating the digital base maps on the level of provinces Republic on a scale of 1:5000 (The coverage of digital base maps for urban areas of the republic is nearly 100%). 3. Produce different types of maps which are used in surveys, censuses and researches which are produced by CAPMAS. 4. Offering the consultations and technical support to government and private sector to build geographic information systems units from A to Z. 5. Supplying the needs of universities and research sectors by providing digital maps, cartography maps and various geographic data. 6. Continuously follow up updating of all geographical data bases for base maps and administrative boundaries at all scales of maps.
    [Show full text]
  • Efficiency of the Using of Human and Machine the Sources in Wheat Production in Beheira Governorate
    Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com International Journal of Development Research ISSN: 2230-9926 Vol. 11, Issue, 07, pp. 48934-48940, July, 2021 https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.22437.07.2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS EFFICIENCY OF THE USING OF HUMAN AND MACHINE THE SOURCES IN WHEAT PRODUCTION IN BEHEIRA GOVERNORATE Ashraf M. El Dalee1,*, Lamis F. Elbahenasy2, Safaa M. Elwakeel2 and Eman A. Ibrahim3 1Professor Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center –Egypt 2Senior Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute Agricultural Research Center – Egypt 3Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center – Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The research problem is represented in the high costs of producing wheat crop as a result of the high prices of Article History: production requirements, which may affect the cultivated areas of it, and due to the rapid and successive Received 20th April, 2021 progress in the transfer of technology in the field of agriculture, especially agricultural operations, it has been Received in revised form possible to replace human work with automated work, after the high wages of rural labor trained women in the 10th May, 2021 fields of agriculture and continuous migration to urban areas as a result of the seasonality of agricultural Accepted 30th June, 2021 production on the one hand, and the low wages in the country side compared to the urban ones, which Published online 28th July, 2021 prompted farmers to move towards using
    [Show full text]
  • HIST 351 Introduction to Ancient Egypt
    HIST 351 Introduction to Ancient Egypt Credits: 3.0 Contact hours: 45 This is a syllabus based on a popular course in our Cairo program prior to the program’s suspension in mid-2013. In reopening our Cairo program, we are both developing new courses and updating successful courses from past semesters. This syllabus is meant to be representative of this course. A fully updated version with new content and materials will not be available until closer to the start of the term in which it will run. Aims and Objectives of the Course: Students should leave this course with a basic understanding of ancient Egyptian civilization, as well as what influence it still has on modern culture. The course also aims to make ancient Egyptian civilization appear less distant and strange to students. It includes extensive discussion of cultural relativism meant to engage the students in the idea any cultural practice, taken out of context, could seem peculiar, eccentric, or even grotesque. The course introduces the students to historiography and enables them to read ancient Egypt’s history with a critical eye. Course Description: This course surveys ancient Egyptian civilization from approximately 5000 BC, when Neolithic culture begins on the Nile, to 30 BC, when Egypt becomes part of the Roman Empire. Students will be introduced to the history, art and architecture, and religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians, as well as all aspects of daily life in ancient Egyptian times. The class will also consider the influence of ancient Egypt in modern culture. There will be field trips to pyramid sites and to the Cairo Museum, TBA.
    [Show full text]
  • Mints – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY
    No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 USD1.00 = EGP5.96 USD1.00 = JPY77.91 (Exchange rate of January 2012) MiNTS: Misr National Transport Study Technical Report 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 THE MINTS FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 Study Scope and Objectives .........................................................................................................1-1
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Change in Greater Cairo Region: 1984-2016
    Master Thesis Submitted within the UNIGIS MSc. programme at the Department of Geoinformatics - Z_GIS University of Salzburg, Austria Under the provisions of UNIGIS India framework Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Change in Greater Cairo Region: 1984-2016 by Ahmed Omar Shehata Omar GIS_104409 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science (Geographical Information Science & Systems) – MSc (GISc) Advisor (s): Dr. Shahnawaz Cairo-Egypt, 18-11-2017 Science Pledge By my signature below, I certify that my thesis is entirely the result of my own work. I have cited all sources I have used in my thesis and I have always indicated their origin. Cairo-Egypt, 18-11-2017 Ahmed Omar 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my thesis advisor Dr. Shahnawaz for his great academic and moral support especially in the most difficult times. As I cannot but appreciate the constructive suggestions, criticisms and encouragement. He consistently allowed this thesis to be my own work, also steered me in the right the direction whenever he thought I needed it. 2 Abstract The Greater Cairo Region (GCR) is one of the most intensively populated areas in the world, one of the fastest growing mega cities in the world. This place an ever increasing need for urban development to accommodate such population growth in both residential complexes and work facilities. Since 1980th, rapid population growth and urbanization have become issues in big cities in developing countries like Greater Cairo. As a consequence of explosive growth, the living conditions of Greater Cairo deteriorate (Cairo, Giza, and Qalyubia).
    [Show full text]
  • QIZ Ref. Sector Location Company Name Address Contact Name Title Tel Fax Mobile Email
    QIZ Ref. Sector Location Company Name Address Contact Name Title Tel Fax Mobile Email Textile & Egyptian Company for Trade & Suez Canal St. Moharam Bek, El-Bar El-Kibly, Vice 3 Alexandria Salem Mohamed Salem 03-3615748 03-3618004 0122-2166302 [email protected] RMG Industry (SOGIC) Industrial Area President Textile & Shoubra El The Modern Egyptian Spinner 3 Montaser El Gabalawy St., Bahteem Old misrspain@misrsp 5 Essam Abd El Fattah Lawyer 02-2201107 02-2211184 0122-3788634 RMG Kheima (Ghazaltex) S.A.E Road, Shoubra El Kheima ain.com Textile & 120 Osman Basha Street, EL-Bar El-Kibly, Sherine Issa Hamed Managing babycoca1@babyc 8 Alexandria Baby Coca for Clothing 03-3815052 03-3815054 0122-2142042 RMG Semouha Ellish Director oca.com.eg Textile & Shoubra El Misr Company for Industrial Number 64, 15th May Road, Shoubra El- Mohamed Wadah Vice wadah@misrgrou 9 02-2208880 02-2211220 0122-7495992 RMG Kheima Investments , Private Free Zone Kheima, Kalyoubia Shamsi President p.com Textile & Misr El Ameria Spinning & Desert Road Alex/Cairo ( KM 23 ), Mohamed Ahmed Accountant export@misramre 10 Alexandria 03-2020395 03-2020390 0100-6123011 RMG Weaving Co. Petrochemical Road, Alexandria Mohamed Hegazy at Export Dep ya.com Textile & Obour City - Industrial Zone B,G Block No. Hosam El-Din General [email protected] 11 El Obour El Magmoua El Togaria 02-42157431 02-42155526 0111-7800123 RMG 22009 - Plot Industrial 2A Mohamed Mohab Manager om Textile & Shoubra El 2 El Mallah Street, Bigam Road, Shoubra El- Saber Ibrahim El Director In info@elmallahgro 12 El Mallah
    [Show full text]
  • País Região Cidade Nome De Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria
    País Região Cidade Nome de Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria Adrar Timimoun Gourara Hotel Timimoun, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hotel Hammamet Ain Benian RN Nº 11 Grand Rocher Cap Caxine , 16061, Aïn Benian, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hôtel Hammamet Alger Route nationale n°11, Grand Rocher, Ain Benian 16061, Algeria 16061 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Safir Alger 2 Rue Assellah Hocine, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Samir Hotel 74 Rue Didouche Mourad, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Albert Premier 5 Pasteur Ave, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Suisse 06 rue Lieutenant Salah Boulhart, Rue Mohamed TOUILEB, Alger 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Aurassi Hotel El-Aurassi, 1 Ave du Docteur Frantz Fanon, Alger Centre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre ABC Hotel 18, Rue Abdelkader Remini Ex Dujonchay, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Space Telemly Hotel 01 Alger, Avenue YAHIA FERRADI, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hôtel ST 04, Rue MIKIDECHE MOULOUD ( Ex semar pierre ), 4, Alger Ctre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 24 Rue Nezzar Kbaili Aissa, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Oran Center 44 Rue Larbi Ben M'hidi, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Es-Safir Hotel Rue Asselah Hocine, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 22 Rue Hocine BELADJEL, Algiers, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change Adaptation and Natural Disasters Preparedness in the Coastal Cities of North Africa
    Arab Republic of Egypt Kingdom of Morocco THE WORLD Republic of Tunisia BANK Climate Change Adaptation and Natural Disasters Preparedness in the Coastal Cities of North Africa Phase 1 : Risk Assessment for the Present Situation and Horizon 2030 – Alexandria Area Draft Final Version 31 January 2011 Project Web Site: http://www.egis-bceominternational.com/pbm/ AASTMT / Egis Bceom Int. / IAU-IDF / BRGM Document quality information Document quality information General information Author(s) AASTMT / Egis BCEOM International Project name Climate Change Adaptation and Natural Disasters Preparedness in the Coastal Cities of North Africa Document name Phase 1 : Risk Assessment for the Present Situation and Horizon 2030 – Alexandria Area Date 31 January 2011 Reference GED 80823T Addressee(s) Sent to: Name Organization Sent on (date): A. Bigio The World Bank 31 January 2011 Copy to: Name Organization Sent on (date): S. Rouhana The World Bank 31 January 2011 A. Tiwari The World Bank 31 January 2011 A. Amasha AASTMT 31 January 2011 History of modifications Version Date Written by Approved & signed by: AASTMT / Egis BCEOM Version 1 13 June 2010 International AASTMT / Egis BCEOM Version 2 06 August 2010 International 05 December AASTMT / Egis BCEOM Version 3 2010 International Climate Change Adaptation and Natural Disasters Preparedness Page 2 in the Coastal Cities of North Africa Draft Final Version AASTMT / Egis Bceom Int. / IAU-IDF / BRGM Document quality information Supervision and Management of the Study The present study is financed by the World Bank as well as the following fiduciary funds: NTF- PSI, TFESSD and GFDRR, which are administered by the World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Egyptian National Action Program to Combat Desertification
    Arab Republic of Egypt UNCCD Desert Research Center Ministry of Agriculture & Land Reclamation Egyptian National Action Program To Combat Desertification June, 2005 UNCCD Egypt Office: Mail Address: 1 Mathaf El Mataria – P.O.Box: 11753 El Mataria, Cairo, Egypt Tel: (+202) 6332352 Fax: (+202) 6332352 e-mail : [email protected] Prof. Dr. Abdel Moneim Hegazi +202 0123701410 Dr. Ahmed Abdel Ati Ahmed +202 0105146438 ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Desert Research Center (DRC) Egyptian National Action Program To Combat Desertification Editorial Board Dr. A.M.Hegazi Dr. M.Y.Afifi Dr. M.A.EL Shorbagy Dr. A.A. Elwan Dr. S. El- Demerdashe June, 2005 Contents Subject Page Introduction ………………………………………………………………….. 1 PART I 1- Physiographic Setting …………………………………………………….. 4 1.1. Location ……………………………………………………………. 4 1.2. Climate ……...………………………………………….................... 5 1.2.1. Climatic regions…………………………………….................... 5 1.2.2. Basic climatic elements …………………………….................... 5 1.2.3. Agro-ecological zones………………………………………….. 7 1.3. Water resources ……………………………………………………... 9 1.4. Soil resources ……...……………………………………………….. 11 1.5. Flora , natural vegetation and rangeland resources…………………. 14 1.6 Wildlife ……………………………………………………………... 28 1.7. Aquatic wealth ……………………………………………………... 30 1.8. Renewable energy ………………………………………………….. 30 1.8. Human resources ……………………………………………………. 32 2.2. Agriculture ……………………………………………………………… 34 2.1. Land use pattern …………………………………………………….. 34 2.2. Agriculture production ………...……………………………………. 34 2.3. Livestock, Poultry and Fishing production …………………………. 39 2.3.1. Livestock production …………………………………………… 39 2.3.2. Poultry production ……………………………………………… 40 2.3.3. Fish production………………………………………………….. 41 PART II 3. Causes, Processes and Impact of Desertification…………………………. 43 3.1. Causes of desertification ……………………………………………….. 43 Subject Page 3.2. Desertification processes ………………………………………………… 44 3.2.1. Urbanization ……………………………………………………….. 44 3.2.2. Salinization………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Flora and Vegetation of Wadi El-Natrun Depression, Egypt
    PHYTOLOGIA BALCANICA 21 (3): 351 – 366, Sofia, 2015 351 Habitat diversity and floristic analysis of Wadi El-Natrun Depression, Western Desert, Egypt Monier M. Abd El-Ghani, Rim S. Hamdy & Azza B. Hamed Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; email: [email protected] (corresponding author) Received: May 18, 2015 ▷ Accepted: October 15, 2015 Abstract. Despite the actual desertification in Wadi El-Natrun Depression nitrated by tourism and overuse by nomads, 142 species were recorded. Sixty-one species were considered as new additions, unrecorded before in four main habitats: (1) croplands (irrigated field plots); (2) orchards; (3) wastelands (moist land and abandoned salinized field plots); and (4) lakes (salinized water bodies). The floristic analysis suggested a close floristic relationship between Wadi El-Natrun and other oases or depressions of the Western Desert of Egypt. Key words: biodiversity, croplands, human impacts, lakes, oases, orchards, wastelands Introduction as drip, sprinkle and pivot) are used in the newly re- claimed areas, the older ones follow the inundation Wadi El-Natrun is part of the Western (Libyan) Desert type of irrigation (Soliman 1996; Abd El-Ghani & El- adjacent to the Nile Delta (23 m below sea level), lo- Sawaf 2004). Thus the presence of irrigation water as cated approximately 90 km southwards of Alexandria underground water of suitable quality, existence of and 110 km NW of Cairo. It is oriented in a NW–SE natural fresh water springs and availability of water direction, between longitudes 30°05'–30°36'E and lat- contained in the sandy layers above the shallow wa- itudes 30°29'–30°17'N (King & al.
    [Show full text]
  • Egypt State of Environment Report 2008
    Egypt State of Environment Report Egypt State of Environment Report 2008 1 Egypt State of Environment Report 2 Egypt State of Environment Report Acknowledgment I would like to extend my thanks and appreciation to all who contributed in producing this report whether from the Ministry,s staff, other ministries, institutions or experts who contributed to the preparation of various parts of this report as well as their distinguished efforts to finalize it. Particular thanks go to Prof. Dr Mustafa Kamal Tolba, president of the International Center for Environment and Development; Whom EEAA Board of Directors is honored with his membership; as well as for his valuable recommendations and supervision in the development of this report . May God be our Guide,,, Minister of State for Environmental Affairs Eng. Maged George Elias 7 Egypt State of Environment Report 8 Egypt State of Environment Report Foreword It gives me great pleasure to foreword State of Environment Report -2008 of the Arab Republic of Egypt, which is issued for the fifth year successively as a significant step of the political environmental commitment of Government of Egypt “GoE”. This comes in the framework of law no.4 /1994 on Environment and its amendment law no.9/2009, which stipulates in its Chapter Two on developing an annual State of Environment Report to be submitted to the president of the Republic and the Cabinet with a copy lodged in the People’s Assembly ; as well as keenness of Egypt’s political leadership to integrate environmental dimension in all fields to achieve sustainable development , which springs from its belief that protecting the environment has become a necessary requirement to protect People’s health and increased production through the optimum utilization of resources .
    [Show full text]