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American Political Parties Political Science 688 American Political Development Tuesdays, 10am-12pm 5769 Haven Hall Winter 2004 Professor Robert Mickey 7632 Haven Hall office phone: 615-9104 email: [email protected] office hours: Wednesday 2-4 and by appointment Recently, scholars interested in contemporary U.S. politics have begun investigating key transformations and patterns in US history. We will evaluate some of their growing body of research in order to explore the ways in which substantively important outcomes in the past shape the present, and, more broadly, to explore the utility of studying politics as a process that occurs over time. Substantively, we will examine key events and processes in the United States since the Civil War, such as: state-building; the politics of industrialization and labor relations; the development of the US welfare state; collective mobilizations around race, ethnicity, and gender; and the urban crisis. Analytically, we will evaluate the concept of 'political development;' review new research about temporality, including ideas of path dependence, timing and sequencing, and critical junctures; and compare sociological and rational-choice theories of institutional origins and change. We will also consider the usefulness of concepts and theories in the field of comparative politics for thinking about U.S. politics more fruitfully. A background in U.S. history is welcome but not required. Requirements The seminar will succeed or fail on the quality of student participation, so students are expected to engage actively and respectfully in class discussion. Good class participation requires close readings of assigned texts; the reading load will be heavy but not gratuitously so. Students must write a brief response to each week’s readings (1-2 pages, double-spaced, normal fonts and margins). These should be well thought-out and touch on the key issues of the week. They should be posted on the Coursetools site by noon on Monday so that others have time to read them before class. Finally, students must write a 20-30 page literature review, research design, or research paper. These will be due April 30, and should be based on substantial consultations with the instructor. Grading Class participation: 25% Response papers: 25% Final project: 50% 1 Books The following texts are available for purchase at Shaman Drum: Bensel, Richard. Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859- 1877. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Bensel, Richard. The Political Economy of American Industrialization. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Carpenter, Daniel P. Forging Bureaucratic Autonomy: Reputation, Networks, and Policy Innovation in Executive Agencies, 1862-1928. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001. Lieberman, Robert C. Shifting the Color Line: Race and the American Welfare State. Harvard University Press, 1998. Sanders, Elizabeth. Roots of Reform: Farmers, Workers, and the American State, 1877-1917. Chicago University Press, 1999. Schickler, Eric. Disjointed Pluralism: Institutional Innovation and the Development of the U.S. Congress. Princeton University Press, 2001. Skocpol, Theda. Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States. Harvard University Press, 1992. Skowronek, Stephen. Building a New American State: The Expansion of National Administrative Capacities, 1877-1920. Cambridge University Press, 1982. Skowronek, Stephen. The Politics Presidents Make: Leadership from John Adams to Bill Clinton. Harvard University Press, 1993. Tichenor, Daniel. Dividing Lines: The Politics of Immigration Control in America. Princeton University Press, 2002. The vast majority of other readings are available via MIRLYN. I will make available photocopies of the others. 2 Jan. 13: Introduction to Political Development and “American Political Development” Lucian W. Pye, “The Concept of Political Development,” in Jason L. Finkle and Richard W. Gable, eds., Political Development and Social Change (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1966), 83-91. Samuel C. Huntington, "Political Modernization: America vs. Europe," chapter 2 in Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968), 93-139. David Brian Robertson, “The Return to History and the New Institutionalism in American Political Science,” Social Science History 17 (Spring 1993), 1-36. Paul Pierson and Theda Skocpol, “Historical Institutionalism in Contemporary Political Science,” in Ira Katznelson and Helen V. Milner, eds., Political Science: The State of the Discipline (New York: Norton, 2002), 693-721. Karen Orren and Stephen Skowronek, “The Study of American Political Development,” in Ira Katznelson and Helen V. Milner, eds., Political Science: The State of the Discipline (New York: Norton, 2002), 722-754. Paul Pierson, “Not Just What, But When: Timing and Sequence in Political Processes,” Studies in American Political Development 14 (Spring 2000), 72-92, plus responses by Robert Jervis and Kathleen Thelen. [MIRLYN] Robert H. Bates, Avner Greif, Margaret Levi, et al, “Introduction,” Analytic Narratives (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), 3-22. Jan. 20: Civil War and Reconstruction Richard F. Bensel, Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859- 1877 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), entire (but skim 116-181, 198-233, 255- 281, and 312-363). Jan. 27: The Politics of Industrialization Bensel, The Political Economy of American Industrialization, 1877-1900 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, preface, chs. 1-4 and 7-8 (skim the rest) Reviews: Richard R. John, “Follow the Yellow Brick Road: Rethinking American Industrialization” and Daniel P. Carpenter, “Lessons, Portraiture, Method, Myth: Richard Bensel’s The Political Economy of American Industrialization, 1877-1900,” of Bensel by Daniel Carpenter and Richard John [both available at http://www.americanpoliticaldevelopment.org/townsquare/e_fourm_demo_devel.html] 3 recommended: Charles Stewart and Barry Weingast, “Stacking the Senate, Changing the Nation: Republican Rotten Boroughs, Statehood Politics, and American Political Development,” Studies in American Political Development 6 (1992), 223-271. Feb. 3: Did the U.S. State Modernize? Huntington (review from week 1) Stephen Skowronek, Building a New American State: The Expansion of National Administrative Capacities, 1877-1920 (Cambridge University Press, 1982), all but chapters 4 and 7. David Vogel, “Why Businessmen Distrust Their State: The Political Consciousness of American Corporate Executives,” British Journal of Political Science 8 (1978), 45-78. [MIRLYN] Feb. 10: Varieties of Progressivism in the Progressive Era Elizabeth Sanders, Roots of Reform: Farmers, Workers, and the American State, 1877-1917 (Chicago University Press, 1999), 1-177, 217-266, and 340-419. Eileen McDonagh, "The 'Welfare Rights State' and the 'Civil Rights State': Policy Paradox and State Building in the Progressive Era," Studies in American Political Development 7 (1993), 225- 274. recommended: C. Vann Woodward, The Strange Career of Jim Crow (various editions) J. Morgan Kousser, “Progressivism for Middle-Class Whites Only: North Carolina Education, 1880-1910,” Journal of Southern History 46:2 (1980), 169-194. [MIRLYN] Feb. 17: U.S. National Institutions, I: The Presidency Skowronek, The Politics Presidents Make (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993), introduction and chapters 1-3, and 6-end. Feb. 24: No Class (Spring Break) Mar. 2: U.S. National Institutions, II: Congress Eric Schickler, Disjointed Pluralism: Institutional Innovation and the Development of the U.S. Congress (Princeton University Press, 2001). 4 March 9: U.S. National Institutions, III: Federal Agencies and Federal Agency Daniel P. Carpenter, Forging Bureaucratic Autonomy: Reputation, Networks, and Policy Innovation in Executive Agencies, 1862-1928 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001), 1-178 and 290-367 (skim the intervening chapters). Mar. 16: America’s Precocious Welfare State Theda Skocpol, Protecting Soldiers and Mothers (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992), 1-151, 155-159, skim 160-313, and read 314-539. Joan Scott, "Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis," American Historical Review, (1986), 1053-1075. [MIRLYN] recommended: Linda Gordon, "Black and White Visions of Welfare: Women's Welfare Activism, 1890-1935," Journal of American History (1991), 559-590. Linda Gordon and Theda Skocpol, debate in Contention (1994). Mar. 23: Policy Regimes in American Political Development: The Example of Immigration Daniel Tichenor, Dividing Lines: The Politics of Immigration Control in America (Princeton University Press, 2002). Mar. 30: The New Deal: A Critical Juncture in U.S. Political Development? William E. Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940 (New York, 1963) Alan Brinkley, “The New Deal and the Idea of the State,” and Nelson Lichtenstein, "From Corporatism to Collective Bargaining: Organized Labor and the Eclipse of Social Democracy in the Postwar Era," both in Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle, ed., The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980 (Princeton University Press, 1990). Apr. 6: Race and the Origins and Development of U.S. Social Policy Robert C. Lieberman, Shifting the Color Line: Race and the American Welfare State (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998) Gareth Davies and Martha Derthick, "Race and Social Welfare Policy: The Social Security Act of 1935," Political Science Quarterly (Summer 1997), 217-235.
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