Fundamentals
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TFEC 1-2019 Standard for Design of Timber Frame Structures And
TFEC 1-2019 Standard for Design of Timber Frame Structures and Commentary TFEC 1-2019 Standard Page 1 January 2019 TFEC 1-2019 Standard for Design of Timber Frame Structures and Commentary Timber Frame Engineering Council Technical Activities Committee (TFEC-TAC) Contributing Authors: Jim DeStefano Jeff Hershberger Tanya Luthi Jaret Lynch Tom Nehil Dick Schmidt, Chair Rick Way Copyright © 2019, All rights reserved. Timber Framers Guild 1106 Harris Avenue, Suite 303 Bellingham, WA 98225 TFEC 1-2019 Standard Page 2 January 2019 Table of Contents 1.0 General Requirements for Structural Design and Construction .......................................6 1.1 Applicability and Scope ........................................................................................ 6 1.2 Liability ................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 General Requirements ........................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 Strength ........................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Serviceability ................................................................................................... 7 1.3.3 General Structural Integrity ............................................................................. 7 1.3.4 Conformance with Standards .......................................................................... 7 1.4 Design Loads ........................................................................................................ -
P.Kothakota Department of Mechanical Engineering
VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY::P.KOTHAKOTA NEAR PAKALA, CHITTOOR-517112 (Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Engineering Workshop Lab Manual VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY::P.KOTHAKOTA NEAR PAKALA, CHITTOOR-517112 (Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Engineering Workshop Lab Manual Name:_____________________________________________ Reg. No:___________________________________________ Year/Semester:______________________________________ ENGINEERING WORKSHOP (19A03101) (Common to all branches) Course Objective: To familiarize students with wood working, sheet metal operations, fitting and electrical house wiring skills Course Outcomes: After completion of this lab the student will be able to 1. Apply wood working skills in real world applications. (L3) 2. Build different parts with metal sheets in real world applications. (L3) 3. Apply fitting operations in various applications. (L3) 4. Apply different types of basic electric circuit connections. (L3) 5. Demonstrate soldering and brazing. (L2) Wood Working: Familiarity with different types of woods and tools used in wood working and make following joints a) Half – Lap joint b) Mortise and Tenon joint c) Corner Dovetail joint or Bridle joint Sheet Metal Working: Familiarity with different types of tools used in sheet metal working, Developments of following sheet metal job from GI sheets a) Tapered tray b) Conical funnel c) Elbow pipe d) Brazing Fitting: Familiarity with different types of tools used in fitting and do the following fitting exercises a) V-fit b) Dovetail fit c) Semi-circular fit d) Bicycle tire puncture and change of two wheeler tyre Electrical Wiring: Familiarities with different types of basic electrical circuits and make the following connections a) Parallel and series b) Two way switch c) Go down lighting d) Tube light e) Three phase motor f) Soldering of wires LIST OF EXPERIMENTS WOOD WORKING 1. -
Innovations in Heavy Timber Construction • © 2011 Woodworks
I NNOVAT I ONS I N T I MBER C ONSTRU C T I ON eavy timber construction—used for hundreds of years around the world—successfully combines the Combining beauty of exposed wood with the strength and fire the Beauty Hresistance of heavy timber. The traditional techniques used in ancient churches and temples, with their of Timber high-vaulted ceilings, sweeping curves and enduring strength, still influence today’s structures. The hallmarks of heavy timber—prominent wood beams and timbers—now also include elegant, leaner framing that celebrates the with Modern expression of structure with a natural material. A visual emphasis on beams, purlins and connections lends character and a powerful aesthetic sense Construction of strength. Historically a handcrafted skill of mortise and tenon joinery, heavy timber construction has been modernized by tools such as CNC machines, high- strength engineered wood products, and mass-production techniques. A growing environmental awareness that recognizes wood as the only renewable and sustainable structural building material is also invigorating this type of construction. Heavy timbers are differentiated from dimensional lumber by having minimum dimensions required by the building code. Modern versions include sawn stress-grade lumber, timber tongue and groove decking, glued-laminated timber (glulam), parallel strand lumber (PSL), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and cross laminated timber (CLT). Structural laminated products can be used as solid walls, floors and columns to construct an entire building. Modern heavy timber construction contributes to the appeal, comfort, structural durability and longevity of schools, churches, large-span recreation centers, mid-rise/multi-family housing and supermarkets, among many other buildings. -
Unit 1 .- . Carpentry
UNIT 1 .- .CARPENTRY Structure 1.1 Introduction Objectives 1.2 Timber 1.2.1 Market Sizes of Tiniber 1.2.2 ClassificiiLion of Wood 1.2.3 Some Common Timber and Their Characteristics~ses 1.2.4 Felling and Seasoning of Wood 1.2.5 Character-isticsof Good Timber 1.3 Carpentry Tools 1.3.1 Marking and Measuring 7'ot)ls 1.3.2 Holding Tool\ 1.3.3 Planning T(:cll\ 1.3.1 Cutting Touls 1.3.5 Chisels 1.3.6 Drilling and Boring Tools 1.3.7 Miscellanec~usTools 1.4 Wood Working Procedure 1.4.1 Selection and Laying Out 1.4.2 Marking 1.4.3 Planning 1.4.4 Chiscling 1 4.5 Drilling of Boring Holes 1.5 Wood Joints I 5.1 Tap Joints 1.5.2 Mortise and Tenon loint 1.5.3 Bridle loint 1.6 Aljaterial Selection 1.7 Joinery Materials I .7.1 Adhesives 1.7.2 Nails 1.7.3 Wood Screws 1.7.4 Bolts and Nuts 1.7.5 Dowels and Pegs 1.8 Safe Practices and Maintenance of Tools Carpentry is described as the technological process of making wooden components. It starts from a marketable fonn of wood and ends with a formation of useful value added finished product. The carpentry plays a vital role in the field of building work, furniture, cabinet-manufacturing, interior decoration, toy manufacturing and so forth. Joinery, the making of joints is one of the significant operations in all wood works. Workshop Technology Objectives Laboratory After going through this chapter you must be able to understand the process of converting timber to wood, identify and apply all the tools of carpentry, perform all carpentry operations such as marking, planing, cutting, chiseling, and finishing, make various types of joints, and make different types of wooden patterns used for foundrylmoulding. -
Is Proud to Announce: an Exciting and Powerful New Woodworking
is proud to announce: An Exciting and Powerful New Woodworking Platform For the furniture maker, there is no better or more versatile tool for creating strong, beautiful wood joints. One tool, any wood joint! • Angled Mortise • Dado • Mortise Router Boss is available in 3 models • Angled T-Lap • Edge Lap • Open Slot Mortise with the difference between models • Angled Tenon • End Lap • Rabbet being length of the sliding bar • Bridle Joint • Groove • Raised Panel • Box Joint • Half-Blind Dovetail • Scarf Joint Sliding Max Max Model • Center Lap • Haunched Tenon • Sliding Dovetail Bar Clamping Travel • Compound Miter • Lap Miter • Splined Joint • Lock Miter • Tenon 360 36” 25” 28” • Loose Tenon • Through Dovetail 420 42” 31” 34” 470 47” 36” 39” 1-866-966-3728 [email protected] Introducing the Router Boss ... Router Boss converts a router into a precise milling machine for wood. It can do mortises, tenons, grooves, dadoes, through and blind dovetails, box joints, raised panels, miters, sliding dovetails and a whole lot more. It provides an unprecedented level of precision and versatility in working wood. Complete Creative Control The magic of Router Boss is in the creative way that it lets you work. It offers machine control without limiting your capabilities. There are no To put your Router Boss to work all confining templates, guide bushings or metal fingers. If you can conceive you need is a plunge router and some it, Router Boss can help you do it easier, faster and with greater control. bits. You can use the router and bits you currently own. Every Dimension Is Managed For joinery, being able to guide the router predictably and precisely is critical. -
Mechanical Performance of Mortise and Tenon Joints Pre-Reinforced With
Wu et al. J Wood Sci (2019) 65:38 https://doi.org/10.1186/s10086-019-1816-2 Journal of Wood Science ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Mechanical performance of mortise and tenon joints pre-reinforced with slot-in bamboo scrimber plates Guofang Wu1,2, Meng Gong3, Yingchun Gong1,2, Haiqing Ren1,2 and Yong Zhong1,2* Abstract This study was aimed at examining the mechanical performance of mortise and tenon joints reinforced with slot-in bamboo scrimber plates. 27 full-scale specimens were manufactured with engineered wood and bamboo products using computer numerically controlled (CNC) technology, then they were tested under monotonic loading. The initial stifness and moment carrying capacity of joints with diferent reinforcing confgurations were obtained from the established moment–rotational angle relationships. It was found that the initial stifness of the reinforced mortise and tenon joints increased by 11.4 to 91.8% and the moment carrying capacity increased by 13.5 to 41.7%, respectively. The total width and grain orientation of the reinforcing plates had signifcant infuence on the mechanical perfor- mance of the mortise and tenon joints. Fastening the plates to tenon with dowels was benefcial to the mechanical performance of the joints. The embedment length and adhesive type had no signifcant infuence to the structural performance of the joints. This study demonstrated the feasibility of pre-reinforcing mortise and tenon joints in new timber construction, and could assist to promote the application of mortise and tenon joints in modern timber structures. Keywords: Mortise and tenon joint, Pre-reinforcement, Mechanical performance, Bamboo scrimber, Beam to column connection Introduction However, with the development of computer numerically A mortise and tenon joint consists of a tongue that controlled (CNC) manufacturing technology in the late inserts into a mortise cut in the mating piece of timber. -
Pantorouter How-To Guide
How-To Guide Mortise & Tenon, Box Joints Dovetails, and Much More! Copyright December 2020 - WoodCraft Solutions LLC Imported and Distributed in North and South America, New Zealand and Australia by WoodCraft Solutions LLC www.PantoRouter.com [email protected] +1-877-333-7150 Safety: Woodworking is inherently dangerous. There are hazards inherent to using the PantoRouterTM and many oth- er tools in the shop, whether operated by hand or electric power. Some of these hazards are discussed below. Use common sense when operating the PantoRouterTM and all woodworking tools, and use this tool in accor- dance with the instructions. You are responsible for your own safety. Read and understand the Assembly Guide, the How-To Guide and the Warning Label on the PantoRouterTM. Failure to follow instructions or heed warnings may result in electric shock, fire, serious personal injury or property damage. Save these instructions and refer to them whenever necessary. Warning: This product can expose you to chemicals including wood dust, which is known to the State of California to cause cancer. The exposure can come from drilling, sawing, sanding or machining wood prod- ucts. For more information go to wwwP65Warnings.ca.gov/wood. In addition, some types of dust created by sawing, sanding, grinding, milling, drilling and other construction and woodworking activities also contain chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. In addition, wood dust has been listed as a known human carcinogen by the U.S. government. The risk from exposure to these chemicals and to dust varies depending on how often you do this type of work. -
Woodworking Joints.Key
Woodworking making joints Using Joints Basic Butt Joint The butt joint is the most basic woodworking joint. Commonly used when framing walls in conventional, stick-framed homes, this joint relies on mechanical fasteners to hold the two pieces of stock in place. Learn how to build a proper butt joint, and when to use it on your woodworking projects. Basic Butt Joint The simplest of joints is a butt joint - so called because one piece of stock is butted up against another, then fixed in place, most commonly with nails or screws. The addition of glue will add some strength, but the joint relies primarily upon its mechanical fixings. ! These joints can be used in making simple boxes or frames, providing that there will not be too much stress on the joint, or that the materials used will take nails or screws reliably. Butt joints are probably strongest when fixed using glued dowels. Mitered Butt Joint ! A mitered butt joint is basically the same as a basic butt joint, except that the two boards are joined at an angle (instead of square to one another). The advantage is that the mitered butt joint will not show any end grain, and as such is a bit more aesthetically pleasing. Learn how to create a clean mitered butt joint. Mitered Butt Joint The simplest joint that requires any form of cutting is a miter joint - in effect this is an angled butt joint, usually relying on glue alone to construct it. It requires accurate 45° cutting, however, if the perfect 90° corner is to result. -
Nordic Lam+ Technical Guide About Nordic
TECHNICAL GUIDE NORDIC LAM+ NS-GT5 ASD VERSION 2020-11-01 Mass Timber Construction NORDIC LAM+ TECHNICAL GUIDE ABOUT NORDIC Nordic Structures is the leading innovator in mass timber construction. Its resource comes from responsibly managed lands within the regional boreal forest. Vertical integration, from forest to structure, bolstered by Nordic’s experienced design and development team, ensures consistent quality and unparalleled level of service. 514-871-8526 1 866 817-3418 HEAD OFFICE Nordic Structures 100-1100 Canadiens-de-Montréal Avenue Montréal, Québec H3B 2S2 www.nordic.ca GENERAL INFORMATION [email protected] TECHNICAL SUPPORT [email protected] NS-GT5-ASD i TECHNICAL GUIDE NORDIC LAM+ VERSION 2020-11-01 TABLE OF CONTENTS NORDIC LAM+ 1 STRUCTURE 2 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 3 ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS 4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 5 ii NS-GT5-ASD TECHNICAL GUIDE NORDIC LAM+ VERSION 2020-11-01 ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCTS Standard size products available from our distributors NS-GT3 NS-GT4 NORDIC LAM NORDIC I-JOISTS GLUED-LAMINATED TIMBER Nordic I-joists are composed of sawn lumber flanges connected Nordic Lam glued-laminated timber of industrial appearance by a structural oriented strand board and bonded together classification consists of small wood laminations bonded with exterior-grade adhesives. together in parallel using structural adhesives. NI-40X RESIDENTIAL SERIES BEAMS AND HEADERS 2×3 1950f MSR, 3/8 in. web Widths Depths 1-3/4, 3-1/2, 5-1/2 and 7 in. 9-1/2, 11-7/8 and 14 in. Depths NI-60 9-1/2, 11-7/8, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 in. -
Mortise and Tenon
Mortise and Tenon Mortise-and-tenon joints are some of the strongest woodworking joints. They are used extensively in cabinet and furniture making. The special mortising accessory for the Mark V eliminates tedious hand work when cutting mortises for mortise-and-tenon joints and other joints calling for a square cavity. MORTISING SETUP To perform mortising operations, set up the Mark V in the drill press mode and use the accessories shown in Figure 8-1. The mortising attachment is slipped over the collar on the quill. Position the arm to the right or left and secure with the Allen screw. To secure the chuck, turn the spindle by hand so the tapered flat faces away from the arm and secure the setscrew. Warning: The chuck must be secured while the flat of the spindle Figure 8-1. The accessories that are used for mortising are: faces away from the arm of the mortising (A) worktable, (B) rip fence, (C) mortising attachment, (D) attachment. Caution: Place a scrap piece of mortising hold-down, (E) drill chuck and (F) chisel and bit. wood on the worktable to protect the bit and (G) The internal tubes and telescoping legs of the extension chisel if they are dropped. Insert the chisel in table system support the table (Model 510 only). the adjustable sleeve and secure it with the Figure 8-2. Insert the chisel in the adjustable sleeve Figure 8-3. There must be a clearance of and secure it with the setscrew. A piece of scrap 1/32” - 1/16” between the bit and the stock protects the worktable. -
It Was a Good Year Guild Much Has Happened in the Guild
Guild of Oregon Woodworkers Volume #34, Issue 12 December, 2017 OREGON WOOD WORKS The Editor’s Insight Riches of the It Was A Good Year Guild Much has happened in the Guild Its members. The older you get the faster time feedback on results but what there is all Guide members rise to passes. As a senior fellow, it seems like I good. See the Editor’s Insight and a sto- the occasion. Last month I just tilled my weekly pill dispenser yes- ry on page 8. published a job request to terday and another week has gone by. It The estate sales team managed 16 repair a broken little cabinet. is a universal law of time warp, and it estates this year and added $15,000 to The story is on page 8. makes one reflect on the year. What did the Guild operating fund. Our fee is at The message here is we do in the Guild? A lot. less than half the going rate. Big thanks similar to the occasional Membership has gone from 704 to to Joe Nolte, Gig Lewis and Pack Pack- feedback I get about other 798, end of November year to year. Actu- ard for leading this effort all year long. special situations. When al members joining was 324. Of course And to the volunteers who prepare and someone is in need, many this means about 200 members did not operate the sales. Guild members come to the renew during that same time. Many Our shop attendant count has grown call. Many jobs are done, I members have young families and busy to 53. -
Woqdqwrk Joints
T H E W O O D W O R K E R S E R I E S W O Q D W Q R K J O IN T S Y A O M ADE ND HOW THE RE SET OUT , H W A WHERE USED ; WITH FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY ILLUSTRATIONS AND - A C OM PLETE INDE% OF ELEVEN HUNDRED REFERENC ES PHILADELPHIA AN D LONDON PIN C OTT C OM PA Y J . B . LIP N FO REWO RD HE principal aim of this Volume is to provide the oo o e w l o m on to the u e w dw rk r ith ful inf r ati as s s , and c e d e o to the m n of l ar practical ir cti ns as aki g, e e o he m a e be e to e co e v ry j int y at any tim lik ly n unt r . Those of us whose occupation or recre ation is w ood working are familiar with numerous j oints which we e u se our o n It m w . o e o e e ak and in way is p ssibl , h w v r, e e are m n h we do not m e well not that th r a y whic ak , be e we ck or c e bu t be e we are caus la skill ar , caus unf amiliar with some simple rule which gove rns e ither the setting out or the metho d of using the tool whilst probably the re are many othe rs which might suit our o e e e but h we ne ec bec u e he r purp s b tt r , whic gl t a s t i e o t o existence h as nev r ccurred us .