Horace Tabor Teacher Resource

Home , Augusta Tabor, Baby Doe Tabor, Horace Tabor, Matchless Mine

Teacher Resource Set

Title Horace Austin Warner Tabor

Developed by CH/TPS Colorado

Grade Level 4-10

Essential Question The endeavors of the early settlers in Colorado did much to contribute to the development of the state. How did the life of Horace Tabor shape Colorado?

Contextual Paragraph Known as the “Silver King,” H.A.W. Tabor arrived in Colorado with his first wife Augusta in search of silver – a smalltime prospector. Within 20 years of his arrival he was one of the wealthiest men in Colorado.

Tabor was one of the early pioneers who shaped the built environment of Colorado with development in both Leadville and Denver. Not only an entrepreneur he was involved in politics, serving as the “three month” senator.

Tabor was one who garnered tremendous attention not only for his economic and political impact on the state, but as a larger-than-life personality. At the heart of much of this attention were his divorce of Augusta and marriage to Elizabeth “Baby Doe” Tabor and their lavish lifestyle.

Despite his many accomplishments and social standing, Tabor was not immune to the economic ups and downs of the era. When Congress repealed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act in 1893, Tabor lost his fortune and ended his life much as he began life in Colorado working in the mines.

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Resource Set

Elizabeth (McCourt) American court Residence of H.A. W. Old residence of Tabor grave, Mt. Buckskin Joe, "Baby Doe", Tabor, gossip; or, Life at Tabor of Denver H.A.W. Tabor Olivet Cemetery, Tabor's Grocery d.1935 the national capitol, Denver, Colo. store by Mrs. E.N. Chapin, c. 1882-1900 (on the right) Marshalltown, Iowa Taken between 1930- 1940 Taken 1965

Portrait; full length, “These Washington Home of Horace A.W. Exterior view of View of the Tabor View of log and tar bundled in winter sketches were mostly Tabor located at 1260 Horace A.W. Tabor burial plot at Mount paper structures, clothing; published in the Iowa Sherman Street in the and his first wife, Olivet Cemetery, Buckskin Joe, Park superimposed on State Register.” Capitol Hill Augusta's, house at Denver, Colorado; County, Colorado, drawing of door entrance to Matchless Neighborhood of 160 East 5th (Fifth) tombstone inscription includes town grocery Contributor Names: Denver, Colorado. Street in Leadville, reads: TABOR store, once owned Silver Mine, Leadville, Mrs. E. N. Chapin This brick structures Colorado. "Unknown to fame and operated by H. A. Colo., where she lived Created / Published from time of her Marshalltown, Iowa., was built by John W. until approaching the W. Tabor and his wife Built in 1877 and husband's (Horace Chapin & Hartwell Bailey and features a age of fifty, chance Augusta Austin Walker Tabor) Bros., 1887. flaring mansard roof moved from Harrison suddenly brought him death in 1899 until her on the first level, Avenue to allow room considerable wealth death in 1935. carriage portico and a for his opera house. and reputation. A few large glassed-in room years later another on the first floor. throw of the dice as Three small statues quickly returned him are in the front yard. to obscurity but left in the wake a colorful character in the annals of Colorado history" "Horace A. W., 1830-1899" and "Elizabeth, Baby Doe 1854-1935."

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Brown Palace Hotel, Elks Opera House Wedding scene, Stage: Tabor Opera Matchless Mine Tabor Grand Opera Denver Leadville, CO “Ballad of Baby House Leadville House, Denver Doe,” Central City c. 1882-1900

c. 1879 c. 1935 C 1886-1901 c. 1956

The Brown Palace Exterior view of Elks Cast members Interior view of Image of Elizabeth View of the Tabor was built on a triangle Opera House, 308 perform the opera Leadville, Colorado's Bonduel McCourt Grand Opera House of land between Harrison Avenue, "The Ballad of Baby Tabor Opera House "Baby Doe" Tabor's at 16th and Curtis Broadway, Tremont Leadville, Colorado. In Doe" at the Central stage on opening wood shack home at Streets in Denver, and 17th streets in 1879, Horace Tabor City Opera House. A night, November 20, the Matchless Mine, Colorado; built by downtown Denver, contracted J. Thomas bride and a groom, 1879. The first show Leadville, Lake Horace Tabor and 3 Teacher Resource Set

Colorado, in 1892 by Roberts to build this probably Baby Doe was "The Serious County, Colorado, opened in 1881; Denver real estate massive three-story and Horace Tabor, Family" a Jack S. superimposed over demolished in 1964. developer Henry C. stone, brick and iron stand under a pergola Langrishe production. newspaper article Brown, Maxcy Tabor structure. Tabor lost decorated with In the foreground is a about her death. Once (son of Horace Tabor) the building in the garlands and lanterns. portrait of Horace the wife of millionaire and Bill Bush, 1893 silver crash. The She wears a light- Tabor. Tabor Horace Tabor, she manager of the Elks Club acquired colored gown, and he contracted J. Thomas died in poverty. Windsor Hotel, also in and remodeled it in wears a tuxedo. Roberts to build the Headline reads: "Mrs. Denver. Designed by 1901 to serve as a three-story opera Tabor Dead In Cabin architect Frank C. theater and meeting house in 1879. At Mine." Edbrooke. hall.

The building was one Today the landmark of the first in America building serves as a to be fireproof and, as museum. such, appeared on the cover of Scientific American magazine. .

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Augusta and Horace The development of Grand Junction’s Nathaniel Maxcy Augusta Tabor Lillie Tabor Tabor's house Denver, the The Daily Sentinel Tabor Leadville, CO metropolis of Colorado; some of Vol 5, #42 c.1880-1885 Elizabeth 1931 c. 1880-1890 the representative January 14, 1898 Bonduel “Lily” structures erected Tabor by one of its public spirited citizens c. 1888-1889

View of the Horace Views in Denver, Telegraphie Studio portrait of Portrait of Augusta Studio portrait of and Augusta Tabor Colorado; shows the Nathaniel Maxcy Tabor, first wife of Elizabeth Bonduel home, on East 5th Horace Tabor “Denver’s Postmaster” Tabor (son of Horace Horace A. W. Tabor; Lillie Tabor (daughter (Fifth) Street, in residence, a portrait of Announcement of the and Augusta Tabor). she wears of Horace and Baby Horace A. W. Tabor, He wears a suit and eyeglasses, earrings, Doe Tabor), in a Leadville, (Lake US Congressional the Tabor Theater – bow tie. a broach, gold chain, taffeta blouse. County), Colorado; nomination of HAW shows a frame house Opera house and Tabor for the position and a lace collar over with a bay window street activity, interior of Postmaster a black fitted bodice and bargeboard. seating, and the Tabor with gold buttons. The Block office building. painting has a gilded frame. Tear sheet consists of page 138 removed from “Frank Leslie’s

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Illustrated Newspaper” September 28, 1889.; Title printed on tear sheet.

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Silver Dollar Tabor Bird's eye view of Baby Doe Tabor (Resource Title (Resource Title (Resource Title age 19 weeks Leadville, Colo. 1882 Here) Here) Here) April, 1890

Studio portrait of Rose Key: Studio portrait of (Context) (Context) (Context) Mary Echo Silver Elizabeth Bonduel #3 – Tabor Opera Dollar Tabor McCourt "Baby Doe" House (daughter of Horace Tabor, wife of and Baby Doe Tabor). #32 – Tabor Milling millionaire Horace Company Works Tabor. c. 1885-1895

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Foundations Annotations

Curriculum Connections

• History

• Economics

• Writing

Curriculum Standards

CCSELA-LIT 6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g. in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts.

CO State Grade Level Expectations HS History 1: Use the historical method of inquiry to ask questions, evaluate primary and secondary sources, critically analyze and interpret data, and develop interpretations defended by evidence.

1 c. Construct and defend a written historical argument using relevant primary and secondary sources as evidence.

CO State Grade Level Expectations 8th Grade History 1: Formulate appropriate hypotheses about US history based on a variety of historical sources and perspectives.

1 d Construct a written historical argument on the use or understanding of primary and secondary sources.

CO State Grade Level Expectations 4th Grade History 2: The historical eras, individuals, groups, ideas and themes in Colorado history and their relationships to key events in the US.

1 a Analyze various eras in Colorado history and the relationship between these eras and eras in United States history, and the changes in Colorado over time.

CO State Grade Level Expectations HS Economics 1: Understand the allocation of scarce resources in societies through analysis of

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individual choice, market interaction and public policy.

1 d Identify influential entrepreneurs and describe how they have utilized resources to produce goods and services.

CO State Grade Level Expectations HS Economics 2: Economic policies affect markets

1 c Identify government activities that affect the local, state, or national economy

CO State Grade Level Expectations 4th Grade Economics 1: People respond to positive and negative incentives.

1b Give examples of the kinds of goods and services produced in Colorado in different historical periods and their connection to economic incentives.

1c Explain how the productive resources – natural, human, and capital – of Colorado have influenced the types of goods produced and services provided.

Content and Thinking Objectives

Inquiry Questions, Activities and Strategies

Assessment Strategies

• H1 a (4th) Write about the effect the change from bimetallism to the gold standard had on entrepreneurs like Horace Tabor.

• E1 d (HS) Identify the highlights from Horace Tabor’s life that illustrate how he used resources for the benefit of society (e.g built environment, culture)

• E1 b (4th) Explain how the gold and silver rush in Colorado was an incentive for Horace and Augusta Tabor to move to the west.

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Other Resources

Web Resources

• Leadville and Twin Lakes Colorado History http://www.leadville.com/history/tabor.htm

Horace Tabor: The Silver King – Colorado Virtual Library http://www.coloradovirtuallibrary.org/digital-colorado/colorado-histories/horace-tabor- the-silver-king/

Secondary Sources

• Horace Tabor: His Life and Legend by Duane A. Smith. University Press of Colorado, 1994 - for teachers

• Baby Doe Tabor: Matchless Silver Queen by Joyce D. Lohse. Filter Press, LLC, 2011

• Baby Doe Tabor: The Madwoman in the Cabin by Judy Nolte Temple. University of Oklahoma Press, 2009 – for teachers

• Colorado Colorful Characters by Gladys Bueler. Pruett Publishers, 1975 – for students

Preservation Connection

“The Tabors” Rocky Mountain PBS Colorado Experience Program – in 2016 season

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Working together to tell the story of our state!

Developers