HTTPS://JOURNALS.KU.EDU/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSREPTILES • VOL 15,& AMPHIBIANSNO 4 • DEC 2008 • 18927(3 432–433 • DEC 2020
IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LeucismFEATURE ARTICLES in a Sabinal Frog, Leptodactylus . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: melanonotusOn the Road to Understanding the Ecology (Anura; and Conservation of the Midwest’s Leptodactylidae) Giant Serpent ...... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 , . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypotheticalfrom Excursion ...... Utila Island, HondurasRobert W. Henderson 198 RESEARCH ARTICLES . The Texas Horned Lizard inTom Central W. and Brown Western 1,2Texas, Flavia ...... Papini Emily1, and Henry, Steven Jason Brewer, M. Clayson Krista Mougey,1 and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida 1 Kanahau ...... Utila Research andBrian Conservation J. Camposano, Facility, Kenneth Isla L. deKrysko, Utila Kevin 34021, M. Enge, Islas Ellen de la M. Bahía, Donlan, Honduras. and Michael ([email protected]) Granatosky 212 2Mesoamerican and Caribbean Network for the Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles (Red MesoHerp Network) CONSERVATION ALERT . World’s Mammals in Crisis ...... 220 . More Than Mammals ...... 223 he color of .frogThe “Dow skin Jones is Index”a function of Biodiversity of ...... three types of species in the genus (Rodrigues...... and Oliveira225 2004; Elgue et Tpigment cellsHUSBANDRY (xanthophores, iridophores and mela- al. 2013; Martinuzzi et al. 2016); however, to our knowledge, nophores), the absence,. Captive Care loss, of the or Central imbalance Netted Dragon of ...... which cause we report the first case Shannonof leucism Plummer or226 indeed any pigment changes in perceived skin color (Miura 2018). Typical abnormality in L. melanonotus. PROFILE color aberrations in frogs include albinism (Brassaloti and At ca. 2000 h on 13 July 2012, FP and SMC encoun- . Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ...... Michael L. Treglia 234 Bertoluci 2009; Toledo et al. 2011; Salles et al. 2013), amela- tered an unvouchered subadult L. melanonotus in a flooded nism (Pabijan COMMENTARYet al. 2004), and variants such as leucism grassland at “Paco’s Farm” in the Pumpkin Hill region on (Thompson and Rea. The 2013;Turtles Have Villagarcia-Olmeño Been Watching Me ...... and Cuevas Utila. This individual exhibited Eric Gangloff a leucistic 238 variant of albinism, 2014; Puente-TorresBOOK REVIEWand Simonetti 2018; Hughes et al. sometimes referred to as hypomelanism (Hughes et al. 2019), 2019), erythrism (Kolenda. Threatened etAmphibians al. 2017; of the McAlpine World edited andby S.N. Gilhen Stuart, M. Hoffmann,in which J.S. anChanson, individual N.A. Cox, has lost all body pigmentation, result- 2018), axanthism (JablonskiR. Berridge, P. et Ramani, al. 2014), and B.E. Young xanthochromism ...... ing in pale yellow skin, but retains Robert Powell normal 243 eye coloration (Fig. (Allain and Goodman 2017), and piebaldism (García Padrón 1). The individual was captured for photographs and subse- CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ...... 245 and Bosch 2019). NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Publishedquently Reports released on Natural without History ...... collecting morphological 247 data. No Phenotypic abnormalitiesNEWBRIEFS ...... in which individuals show an other leucistic L...... melanonotus have been 248 encountered despite excess or deficit ofEDITORIAL pigmentation INFORMATION are the result ...... of mutations ongoing biodiversity research...... on Utila 251 from 2012–2020. FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ...... 252 frequently attributed to exposure to certain environmental fac- tors during development (Jablonski et al. 2014; Miura 2018). Cases are infrequent in nature and usually involve frogs in early stages of life because a loss of body pigmentation can increase Front Cover. Shannon Plummer. Back Cover. Michael Kern exposure of affected individuals toTotat visually et velleseque orientated audant mopredators Totat et velleseque audant mo and thus dramatically reduce survivalestibus rates. inveliquo However, velique rerchil survival estibus inveliquo velique rerchil rates can be higher in nocturnal anderspienimus, cryptic quos fossorial accullabo. species, Ilibus as erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum they are theoretically less dependentfugiatis on maionsequat camouflage eumque to survive fugiatis maionsequat eumque (Sazima and Di-Bernardo 1991; Toledomoditia erere et al. nonsedis 2011). ma Althoughsectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as color mutations are uncommon, infrequentaccullabo. documentation of anomalies might also stem from inconsistent classification and recognition of those anomalies (Jablonski et al. 2014; Allain and Goodman 2017; García Padrón and Bosch 2019). The Sabinal Frog (Leptodactylus melanonotus) is an adapt- able species that is widely distributed throughout Central America in a variety of natural and edificarian habitats (Köhler 2011), including those on Utila Island, Honduras (McCranie and Orellana 2014). Larvae develop in foam nests within bur- rows, usually on the edges of temporary bodies of water (e.g., Fig 1. A leucistic subadult Sabinal Frog (Leptodactylus melanonotus) from flooded pastures) (IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group Utila Island, Honduras (A) and a typical adult (B). Photographs by Steve 2020). Albinism has been reported in tadpoles of at least three M. Clayson (A) and Tom W. Brown (B).
Copyright is held by the authors. Articles in R&A are made available under a 432 Reptiles & Amphibians ISSN 1098-6324 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. BROWN ET AL. REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 27(3): 432–433 • DEC 2020
Acknowledgements recorded in Poland. Herpetology Notes 10: 103–109. We thank the Kanahau Utila Research and Conservation Martinuzzi, C.S., P. Peltzer, A. Attademo, C. Junges, and R. Lajmanovich. 2016. Albinism in larvae of the Chacoan frog Leptodactylus chaquensis Facility for the opportunity to conduct research on the bio- (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from an urban lake from Argentina. Cuadernos de diversity of Utila. Special thanks go to José Mario Solis for Herpetología 30: 1–5. confirming the identification of the frog and Steven Allain, McAlpine, D.F. and J. Gilhen. 2018. Erythrism in Spring Peeper (Pseudacris cruci- fer) in Maritime Canada. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 132: 43. who confirmed our suspected case of leucism. McCranie, J.R. and L.V. Orellana. 2014. New island records and updated nomen- clature of amphibians and reptiles from the Islas de la Bahía, Honduras. Literature cited Herpetology Notes 7: 41–49. Miura, I. 2018. Anomalies in the coloration of Japanese amphibians and their appli- Allain, S. and M. Goodman. 2017. A case of xanthochromism in the common frog cations in genetic research. KnE Life Sciences 4: 97–107. (Rana temporaria). Herpetological Bulletin 139: 39–40. Pabijan, M., E. Czarniewska, and L. Berger. 2004. Amelanistic phenotypes Brassaloti, R. and J. Bertoluci. 2009. Albinism in tadpoles of (Anura, Rhinella ornata in Western Palearctic water frogs from Poland (Anura: Ranidae: Rana). Bufonidae) from southeastern Brazil. Herpetological Bulletin 106: 31–33. Amelanistische Phänotypen bei Wasserfröschen aus Polen (Anura: Ranidae: Elgue, E., S. Cruces, G. Pereira, F. Achaval-Coppes, and R. Maneyro. 2013. Rana). Herpetozoa 17: 127–134. Leptodactylus gracilis (Duméril’s Striped Frog). Albino tadpole. Herpetological Puente-Torres, S. and J.A. Simonetti. 2018. Pleurodema thaul (Four-eyed Frog). Review 44: 123–124. Leucism. Herpetological Review 49: 306–307. García Padrón, L.Y. and R.A. Bosch. 2019. Anomalous colour in a Cuban cave- Rodrigues, A.P., and J.C. de Oliveira Filho. 2004. Leptodactylus ocellatus dwelling frog: First record of piebaldism in Eleutherodactylus zeus (Anura: (Rã-manteiga). Tadpole albinism. Herpetological Review 35: 373. Eleutherodactylidae). Herpetological Bulletin 157: 1–3. Oliveira Lula Salles, R. de, T. Xisto, T. Ferreira, and B. Nascimento. 2013. Albinism Hughes, D.F., P. García-Bañuelos, R. Guevara, and W.E. Meshaka, Jr. 2019. in a tadpole of Hypsiboas albomarginatus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Hylidae) from Lithobates clamitans (Green Frog). Partial leucism. Herpetological Review 50: 115. southeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 6: 577–278. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2020. Leptodactylus melanonotus. The Sazima, I. and M. Di-Bernardo. 1991. Albinismo em serpentes Neotropicais. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T57144A53968833.
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