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NATURAL HISTORY OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 19 Proceedings of the Third Prairie Conservation and Endangered Species Workshop Geoffrey L. Holroyd H. Loney Dickson Mona Regnier Hugh C. Smith Alt:Erra . COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Provincial Museum of Alberta Natural History Occasional Paper No. 19 1993 PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD PRAIRIE CONSERVATION AND ENDANGERED SPECIES WORKSHOP February 1992 At BRANDON UNIVERSITY BRANDON, MANITOBA Edited by: Geoffrey L. Holroyd H. Loney Dickson Mona Regnier Hugh C. Smith Prepared and Published by: Curatorial Section Provincial Museum of Alberta 12845-102 A venue Edmonton, Alberta TSN OM6 NATURAL HISTORY OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES Occasional Paper titles are published by the Provincial Museum of Alberta on subjects pertaining to the natural history of Albet1a. Potential contributors are requested to submit manuscript proposals to the Assistant Director, Curatorial, Provincial Museum of Alberta, 12845- 102 Avenue, Edmonton, Albet1a TSN OM6. Editorial board W. Bruce McGillivray Ronald Mussieux Ross I. Hastings Julie Hrapko James Burns Mark Steinhilber Hugh C. Smith Albert T. Finnamore Harold Bryant Philip H.R. Stepney Jocelyn Hudon PubJication Committee W. Bruce McGillivray Ross I. Hastings Mark Steinhilber Colleen Steinhilber CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA Endangered Species and Prairie Conservation Workshop (3rd : 1992: Brandon, Manitoba.) Proceedings of the Third Prairie Conservation and Endangered Species Workshop. February 1992 at Brandon University, Brandon. Manitoba. (Provincial Museum of Alberta natural history occasional paper no. 19 ISSN 0838-5971 ; no. 19) Includes bibliographic references. ISBN 0-7732-1220-5 I. Endangered species - Prairie Provinces. 2. Nature conservation - Prairie Provinces - Congresses. I. Holroyd, Geoffrey L. II. Dickson, H. Loney. Ill. Regnier. Mona. IV . Smith, Hugh C. V. Brandon University. VI. Brandon Natural History Society. Vll Provincial Museum of Alberta. Natural History Section. VIII. Series: Natural history occasional paper no. 19. IX. Title QH77 .C2E52 1993 574.52909712 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The success of this workshop has been made possible by the generous contributions of energy and time from the following individuals and institutions: STEERING COMMITTEE Chairperson: Ross Thomasson Vice-chair: Rick Baydack, Winnipeg; Dick Rounds, Brandon Secretary: Ken deSmet Finance: Larry Bidlake Logistics: Roger Smith Registration: Dick Rounds Joan Rollheiser Publicity: Marilyn Latta (Chair) Louis Schlosser Jo-Anne Joyce Wayne Cowan Awards: Bob Nero, WWF as sponsor Displays: Dan Chranowski Posters: Bill Koonz Host Volunteers: Members of Brandon Natural History Society Students of Brandon University Program Illustrations: Warren Clark, GDL Graphic Design, Edmonton PROGRAM COMMITTEE: Co-chairperson: Geoffrey L. Holroyd, Merlin Shoesmith Steve Brechtel Spencer Sealy Dale Hjertaas Crawford Jenkins Dale Partridge Phil Weiss PUBLICATION COMMITTEE: Production Supervisor W. Bruce McGillivray Design and Layout Mark Steinhilber Editorial/Production Assistants Ross I. Hastings Colleen Steinhilber iii THE PRAIRIE CONSERVATION AND ENDANGERED SPECIES WORKSHOP AND PROCEEDINGS ARE PRESENTED WITH SUPPORT FROM: • ALBERTA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY. LANDS AND WILDLIFE • BRANDON NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY • BRANDON UNIVERSITY • CANADIAN PARKS SERVICE, ENVIRONMENT CANADA • CANADIAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION • CANADIAN WILDLIFE SERVICE. ENVIRONMENT CANADA • CRITICAL WILDLIFE HABITAT PROGRAM, MANITOBA • DUCKS UNLIMITED (CANADA) • HOECHST CANADA • MANITOBA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE • MANITOBA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES • MANITOBA NATURALISTS SOCIETY • MANITOBA-NORTH DAKOTA ZERO-TILL ASSOCIATION • MANITOBA TELEPHONE SYSTEM • NATURAL RESOURCES INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA • NORTH AMERICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION, PRAIRIE FARMING PROGRAM • NORTH AMERICAN WATERFOWL MANAGEMENT PLAN • PROVINCIAL MUSEUM OF ALBERT A. ALBERT A COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT • RURAL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, BRANDON UNIVERSITY • SASKATCHEWAN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY • SASKATCHEWAN WILDLIFE BRANCH, RENEWABLE RESOURCES • WILDLIFE HABITAT CANADA • WORLD WILDLIFE FUND (CANADA) iv DISPLAYS AT THE WORKSHOP INCLUDED: • ALBERTA WILDERNESS ASSOCIATION • BRANDON NATURALISTS SOCIETY • BRANDON UNIVERSITY • CANADIAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION • CANADIAN WILDLIFE SERVICE • COUNCIL ON ECOLOGICAL AREAS • CRITICAL WILDLIFE HABIT AT PROGRAM - MANITOBA • DAVID BROWNLEE- SCRIMSHAW ETCHINGS AND WILDLIFE T-SHIRTS • DUCKS UNLIMITED - PRAIRIE CARE • ENDANGERED SPACES, WORLD WILDLIFE FUND (CANADA) • HABIT AT HERITAGE CORPORATION - MANITOBA • LAKE DAUPHIN WATER CONSERVATION • MANITOBA AGRICULTURE- FARMING FOR TOMORROW • MANITOBA AGRICULTURE - REMOTE SENSING • MANITOBA GOVERNMENT- ENDANGERED SPECIES • MANITOBA NATURALISTS SOCIETY • MANITOBA-NORTH DAKOTA ZERO-TILL ASSOCIATION • MARQUIS PROJECT- BRANDON • MINNESOTA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM • NATIONAL WILDFLOWER RESEARCH CENTER • PRAIRIE HABITATS INC. • PRAIRIE RESTORATION - HOECHST CANADA • RIDING MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK, CANADIAN PARKS SERVICE • SASKATCHEWAN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY • SASKATCHEWAN RENEW ABLE RESOURCES • TALL GRASS PRAIRIE PROJECT • TURTLE MOUNTAIN CONSERVATION DISTRICT • WILDLIFE HABITAT FOUNDATION- MANITOBA v DEDICATION To the memory of Clint Jorgenson who died at Watrous, Saskatchewan on Wednesday, October 28, 1992. Clinton was born on May 5, 1939 at Swift Current. He resided in the Stewart Valley district until 1944 after which time he moved to Swift Current where he received his education. From 1963 to 1965, Clinton attended Kelsey Institute of Applied Arts and Science where he received his diploma in Wildlife Management. Clint was employed by the Canadian Wildlife Service from 1966 to his passing. From 1973 onward, he worked as the Area Manager at Last Mountain Lake, the first bird sanctuary in North America. His love of wildlife and the outdoors made a lasting contribution to the con servation of Canada's wildlife heritage. vi CONTENTS Objectives . xiv 1. OPENING SESSION CHAIRMAN'S OPENING REMARKS R.D. Thomasson . 3 ENDANGERMENT OF SPECIES - SOME THOUGHTS ON CAUSES H.L. Sawatsky ........................... ... ..... ... ... .. ... ... 4 AGRICULTURE- THE VILLAIN OR THE SALVATION OF WILDLIFE? Crawford Jenkins ...................... .... .............. ....... ...... .. 7 SOME THOUGHTS ON AGRICULTURE-PRAIRIE CONSER V ATJON INTEGRATION Garry Trottier . 10 2. AGRICULTURE AND WILDLIFE DIRECT SEEDING SOIL CONSERVATION, DIRECT SEEDING AND WILDLIFE. WHERE AGRICULTURE, THE ENVIRONMENT AND WILDLIFE CAN ALL BENEFIT John J. Kiss . I 5 DIRECT SEEDING: POTENTIAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CONSERVATION BENEFITS Wayne F. Cowan ................. ..... ..... : . 16 HOW AGRICULTURE AND WILDLIFE BENEFIT FROM DIRECT SEEDING ON MY FARM Terry Pearse . 19 HAYING AND WILDLIFE HAYING AND GRASSLAND BIRDS: INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Brenda Dale . 21 EFFECTS OF HAYING ON WATERFOWL, UPLAND GAME BIRDS AND SHOREBIRDS Brenda Dale . 22 PRODUCTIVITY OF ENDEMIC GRASSLAND PASSERINES IN HA YLANDS Brenda Dale . 27 HAYING AND GRASSLAND BIRDS: SUMMATION OF DISCUSSION Brenda Dale . 33 GRAZING AND WILDLIFE GRAZING AND GRASSLAND BIRDS Cleve Wershler. 34 GRASSLAND REQUIREMENTS BY FERRUGINOUS HAWKS Josef R. Schmutz ....................................................... 37 PESTICIDES TOXICOLOGY OF PESTICIDES IN PRAIRIE CANADA: PROGRESS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Douglas J. Forsyth .................... ......... ·......................... 39 vii PESTICIDES AND WILDLIFE IN THE PRAIRIES: CURRENT REGULATORY ISSUES Alain Baril . 44 STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY HERBICIDES ON NON-TARGET AQUATIC PLANT COMMUNITIES L. Gordon Goldsborough . 49 THE PRAIRIE PESTICIDE MONITORING PROGRAM Louise Horstman, Ted Code, and Douglas Forsyth . 58 ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOGRAPHIC RISK ASSOCIATED WITH INSECTICIDE USE AND BREEDING WATERFOWL IN THE PRAIRIE-PARKLAND ECOREGION OF ALBERTA Robyn G. Usher and Dan Johnson .... ... ...... .. .. .. ... ... ... .... .. 61 PFRA WILDLIFE-AGRICULTURE-INTEGRATED PRAIRIE FARM REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION ACTIVITIES Ted. W. Weins . .. .. .. .. ....... .... .. ....... ... ... .. ... .. .. 65 PRAIRIE FARM REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION COMMUNITY PASTURE RANGELAND INVENTORY AND RANGE SITE BENCHMARK ESTABLISHMENT George C.C. Chu . 69 WORKING TOWARDS MULTIPLE USE MANAGEMENT ON PRAIRIE FARM REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION COMMUNITY PASTURES Chris Nykoluk . 71 WATERFOWL FRIENDLY PLANS AND PROGRAMS IN PRAIRIE FARM REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION PASTURES Bill Bristol . 74 RESTORATION RESTORING NATIVE PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEMS John P. Morgan . ...... ... ... .. ..... .. .. .. .. ... ..... ..... .. .... 77 HIDDEN VALLEY RESTORATION PROJECT Jim Elliott . .... ...... ........ ....... .. .... .. ...... 79 MIDWEST RESTORATION HISTORY Bonnie L. Harper-Lore . 82 TALL GRASS PRAIRIE RESTORATION PROJECT: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS D~uglas R. Collicutt and John P. Morgan .... ... 0 • 0 0 •••• 0 0 • 0 0 ••• •• 0 • ••• • • 84 CLIMATE CHANGE PLANT PHENOLOGY: BIOINDICATOR FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Elisabeth G. Beaubien . .. 0 0 • • ••• ••••••• • • • ••• 0 • 0 • •• 0 0 0 0 0 0 • • •• 0 ••••• 0 0 • • • • 89 PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINABIUTY AND CLIMATIC VARIATIONS Elaine Wheaton and Joan Masterton ....... 0 ••• • 0 • 0 0 •• 0 • 0 0 0 • 0 •• 0 0 • •• • •• 0 ••••• 93 INSECTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE: PROSPECTS FOR POPULATION CHANGES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Dun L. Johnson 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 •• 0 • ••••••••••• • •• • ••• 0 0 0 0 •• • • 0 • 0 •• • 0 • 0 0 • • • • 94 viii 3. PRAIRIE CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN IMPLEMENTING PCAP PRAIRIE CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION IN SASKATCHEWAN