COUNCIL OF Brussels, 18 June 2008 THE EUROPEAN UNION
10843/08
CORDROGUE 44 ASIE 66
NOTE from : Italian regional chair for Central Asia to : Dublin Group Subject : Regional report for Central Asia
Delegations will find enclosed in annex the Dublin Group report for Central Asia.
______
10843/08 ZH/tas 1 DG H 3A EN ANNEX
CENTRAL DUBLIN GROUP MEETING - BRUSSELS, 27 JUNE 2008 DUBLIN GROUP REPORT FOR CENTRAL ASIA
June 2008
PREPARED BY THE ITALIAN MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
1. Progress of work in the Mini Dublin Groups
The following report, prepared by Italy as regional Chair for the Central Asian Countries, is based on information provided by the Mini Dublin Groups established in the region as well as UNODC sources. Partners are thanked for their valuable contribution to the work of the local Mini Dublin Groups.
Overview of the regional situation
The main trends in the region continue to indicate a high level of narcotics trafficking. According to the most current UNODC estimates (2008), about 21% of all Afghan heroin/morphine transited Central Asia (as well as 15% of the overall Afghan opiates production). This high level of trafficking contributes to the crime situation in the region and leads to an increase in drug addiction locally (it is generally estimated that 25% of the total amount of opium and heroin stays in the transit Countries for domestic consumption, while the remaining 75% is smuggled onward to Russia and Europe). Intravenous drug use associated with opiate addiction appears also to have contributed to the increase in the number in HIV/AIDS cases in the region.
The so called “Northern route” for drug smuggling appears thus of persistent importance and Central Asia remains a key transit area, along with the other routes through Iran and Pakistan. According to UNODC statistics, which are in turn based on official Central Asian government figures, the total amount of opiates seized in the region in 2007 rose slightly to 9,473 kg from 9,392 kg in 2006.
10843/08 ZH/tas 2 ANNEX DG H 3A EN The slight increase in recorded total drug seizures in 2007 appears to indicate an ongoing trend in trafficking. Tajikistan continues to show the highest level of combined heroin/opium seizures, although the overall numbers are lower than in the period 2001-2004, a phenomenon which some observers continue to attribute in part to the withdrawal of Russian Border troops from the Afghani-Tajik border in 2005.
Heroin Seizures 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 136,79 167,69 707,01 457,69 625,65 554,6 522 KYRGYZSTAN 170,90 271,25 104,06 207,60 202,57 260,75 431 TAJIKISTAN 4,239 3,958 5,600 4,794 2,344 2,097 1,549 UZBEKISTAN 446,60 256,30 336,40 591,80 466,80 537,24 480 TURKMENISTAN 131 400 80,5 266 180 201 325
Total (all figures in kg) 5,124 5,553 6,828 6,317 3,819 3,651 3,307 Opium Seizures 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 36,23 13,57 192,52 352,81 668,85 636,8 335 KYRGYZSTAN 469,22 109,29 45,68 317,46 116,46 302,29 270 TAJIKISTAN 3,664 1,624 2,371 2,310 1,104 1,386 2,546 UZBEKISTAN 241,70 76,00 151,20 384,70 107,66 759,3 731 TURKMENISTAN 267 1,200 138 665,5 748 2,655 2,284
Total (all figures in kg) 4,678 3,022 2,898 4,031 2,745 5,740 6,166
Total figures for the region show a small decrease in heroin seizures (from 3651 kg in 2006 to 3307 in 2007), thus confirming a declining trend since 2004. The overall decrease was mainly due to data from Tajikistan ( –26,1%, from 2097 kg to 1549 kg), while relatively large increases took place in Kyrgyzstan (+65,7%, from 260 kg to 431 kg) and Turkmenistan (+61,7%, from 201 kg to 325 kg).
On the other side, opium seizures slightly increased (from 5740 kg in 2006 to 6166 in 2007). The most notable growth was in Tajikistan (from 1386 kg to kg 2546), while all the other countries registered some decline, with Kazakhstan showing the most decrease (-47,3%, from 636 kg to 335 kg).
10843/08 ZH/tas 3 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Despite the slight total decrease in heroin seizures (whose reasons are not clear, mainly because of poor investigation techniques in the area) figures continue to confirm the trend of widespread ongoing illegal laboratory production in Afghanistan. According to the UNODC Afghanistan 2008 Report, 58% of the opium grown in Afghanistan is converted to heroin or morphine locally before being exported (an equivalent of 666 metric tons in 2007). UNODC reports that all the heroin trafficked along the northern route is believed to have been processed in northern Afghanistan. One of the provinces where a substantial number of illegal laboratories in Afghanistan are located is Badakshan (14 labs, according to the Report) in the Northern border region with Tajikistan.
These developments suggest that countering the smuggling of precursors is an important area for Governments in the region and donors to focus aggressively on. This continues to be one of the greatest challenges cited by the Mini Dublin Groups in the area. It is worth noting that, with the exception of the recent seizure of 1.6 tons of acetic acid in Uzbekistan under operation Tarcet, the last recorded seizures of precursors in Central Asia occurred in 2000 (in Turkmenistan). Since Uzbekistan is the only producer in the region of acetic anhydride (the main precursor for heroin), it seems reasonable to suppose that illicit shipments transiting from Central Asia to Afghanistan come from other areas.
This appears to be confirmed by the November 2007 seizure of 10 tons of acetic anhydride in the Russian region of Nijniy Novgorod that were in route to Afghanistan through Tajikistan (the dismantled organisation was planning to send an additional 300 tons of acetic anhydride). Some sources point also to the borders of China to Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan as the most vulnerable, thus deserving a specific attention. Others cite Turkmenistan as a significant transit area for precursors destined for Afghanistan, although (as anticipated) there were no reports of precursor seizures there in 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 4 ANNEX DG H 3A EN On the other hand, during the Paris Pact expert level Round Table on precursors used in the manufacturing of heroin (Vienna, 29-30 May 2007) it was observed that most of acetic anhydride reaching Afghanistan probably enters the Country through the Pakistani border. The subsequent seizure early in 2008 under Operation Tarcet of 14 tons of acetic anhydride in Karachi, Pakistan, supports this assessment.
At a regional level, porous borders (three of the Central Asian Countries share a common border with Afghanistan for 2,300 kilometres and the large number of road and railway links make anti- trafficking measures difficult) continue to require focussed attention. Inadequate training and scarcity of modern equipment for law enforcement agencies, high levels of corruption, insufficient regional and national co-ordination in anti-drug activities should also be addressed. Governments of the region and donors have dedicated significant resources to these problems on both the regional and national level. While some progress has been achieved in most of the above-mentioned areas, further efforts are still needed, particularly in view of the continuing challenge posed by Afghan opium and heroin production. Persistent economic difficulties combined with political tensions contribute to complicate an already daunting problem.
As noted in previous reports, the greater availability of drugs (especially opium and heroin of Afghan origin, but also cannabis) remains a key contributor to the increase in the abuse of narcotics in the region. There is a prevalence of drug injection among abusers, which in turn, has contributed to an alarming growth of HIV/AIDS cases. According to most observers, the following statistics pertaining only to registered cases significantly underestimate the magnitude of the problem. Some sources suggest that, depending on the country under consideration, the real number of drug addicts might be 3 to 10 times greater. The official figures, nevertheless, show a clearly growing trend, especially of HIV cases, with an increase of more than 3000 cases only in Uzbekistan from 2006 to 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 5 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Total number of registered drug addicts 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 45505 47241 47924 47903 54397 54411 55286 KYRGYZSTAN 5043 5591 6350 7074 7290 7842 8464 TAJIKISTAN 6243 6840 6799 7275 7576 7810 8607 UZBEKISTAN 18087 18956 19088 19551 19574 19654 21465 TURKMENISTAN 31161 37115 39815 34231 34906 33697 33361 (first six months) Drug addicts per 100.000 inhabitants 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 305 316 319 317 352 355 358 KYRGYZSTAN 100 110 123 136 138 149 159 TAJIKISTAN 100 109 107 113 116 118 128 UZBEKISTAN 72 74 74 75 74 74 78 Injecting drug users (% of overall drug addicts) 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 77% 81% n/a KYRGYZSTAN 69% 62% 69% 75% 73% 69,5% 63,6% TAJIKISTAN 36% 49% 70,5% 60,1% 61,8% UZBEKISTAN 44% 45% 40% 39% 47,9% 46,4% 42,6% TURKMENISTAN 24,5% 25,4% 29,2% 24,5% 25,3% 25,5% 25,7% (first six months) Drug Addict women (% of overall drug addicts) 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 9,7% 9,9% 9,8% 10% 10% 8,8% 8.6% KYRGYZSTAN 6,6% 6,8% 6,9% 6,7% 6,6% 6,7% 6,7% TAJIKISTAN 5,3% 4,7% 4,1% 4,5% 6,4% 4,5% 4,9% UZBEKISTAN 6,3% 5,9% 5,9% 5,6% 5,4% 5,2% 5,2% TURKMENISTAN 4,3% 3,9% 4,0% 3,9% 4,3% 4,4% 4,5% HIV cases 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 KAZAKHSTAN 2522 3257 4003 4702 5440 7402 9378 KYRGYZSTAN 202 362 494 655 826 970 1479 TAJIKISTAN 45 77 119 317 506 710 1049 UZBEKISTAN 779 1760 3596 5612 7810 10015 13184
10843/08 ZH/tas 6 ANNEX DG H 3A EN While actual production remains limited, a potential for wider production of drugs in the region exists: cannabis grows wild in several Central Asian countries and small-scale cultivation of opium takes place in some confined areas. However, the situation seems to be under the control by the Central Asian governments and the wide availability of Afghan opiates may act as a disincentive to would-be illegal growers in the region.
As far as cannabis is concerned, Kazakhstan is the region’s largest producer. A 2007 UNODC mission to the country’s Chu Valley reported wild cannabis growth and cultivation well above the 128,000 ha officially reported, with over half being harvested. Kazakhstan production accounts for 97% of the cannabis sold in Central Asia.
On the regulatory side, deficiencies are still evident in some countries in the areas of money laundering and anti-corruption legislation and practice (further details are provided in the sections on individual countries).
International cooperation and activities at the regional level
Several international and regional organisations and bilateral donors are providing assistance, promoting co-operation in the fight against the drug problem, as well as other forms of assistance with regard to crime and security issues in general. More information on assistance activities provided can be found in the annexes (in the form of excerpts from Mini Dublin Group reports).
The following is therefore a non exhaustive summary of some of the main regional programs:
1) UNODC
UNODC continues to implement a number of regional programmes in Central Asia, in addition to country specific projects, through its Regional Office for Central Asia (ROCA).
10843/08 ZH/tas 7 ANNEX DG H 3A EN On the supply side, the following programs were being implemented in 2007: precursors control (RER/E29), strengthening drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence (RER/F23), assistance in developing controlled delivery techniques (RER/F43), computer based drug law enforcement training (RER/F60), Pilot project on Counter Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel, in collaboration with the NATO/Russia Council (XAC/I97) (see below for details). Regarding the CARICC project (RER/H22), further information is provided below.
On the demand side, the following activities might be recalled: drug demand reduction and HIV/AIDS prevention and care policy advice to the Central Asian Governments (RER/H36), drug abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention through mass media, NGOs and civil society (RER/H37), effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable populations in Central Asia (RAC/I29).
As far as the distribution of ongoing and planned UNODC activities in the region is concerned, 87% address counter-narcotics law enforcement, 9% deal with drug abuse and HIV prevention, while the remainder is dedicated to anti-crime, anti-corruption, counter terrorism, policy/legislation support and advocacy.
One of the key UNODC projects (RER/H22) is the establishment of the Central Asian Regional Information and Co-ordination Centre (CARICC), to facilitate the exchange of intelligence and information and promote regional co-ordination. As it is known, the CARICC is being located in Almaty. For CARICC to start its operational phase, however, its Institutional Agreement has to be ratified by at least four participants: to date, only Turkmenistan has ratified it, while other countries are in the process of doing so (though the Agreement has been signed by Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan). Pending ratification, CARICC operations have been launched on a pilot basis, on November 1, 2007. The pilot project has been staffed with a number of personnel, and six rooms have been made available in the Kazakhstan Ministry of the Interior Immigration department as temporary premises until renovation of the main CARICC building has been completed. Since the start of this pilot phase, a series of information bulletins on drug seizures and smuggling trends have been issued by the pilot Center.
10843/08 ZH/tas 8 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Given the international importance of CARICC, a significant support from Europol, Interpol and other organizations is expected. It has been agreed that Interpol will have an office within the Centre and that the Interpol I-24/7 encrypted communications system will be provided to CARICC. Both Interpol and Europol have offered support with regard to the training of CARICC staff.
In regard to the funding, the total approved budget is $6,509,500, and total pledges are $6,923,121. The main donors include Canada, Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, UK and USA. The Czech Republic may pledge around $300,000 and the EC has expressed an interest.
The United States indicated an additional $2 million pledge to the project (not included in the above figure). US CENTCOM is also providing a $1.4 million contribution to be used for procurement of equipment for the Centre.
The project will be revised shortly to extend its duration (presumably until 2010 – 2011) and to support activities of the Centre for a longer period.
The Regional Chair will continue to carefully monitor developments of CARICC.
2) PARIS PACT INITIATIVE
In the second half of 2007, Paris Pact Experts Round Table took place in Turkmenbashi (17-19 September) and in Kabul (October 13 – November 1).
The Paris Pact Policy Consultative Group meeting in Vienna (December 3-4, 2007) identified the following priorities for the Expert Round Table Meetings in 2008: a) Black Sea countries, Moldova, Belarus – scheduled in Bucarest on July 9-11; b) Heroin Trafficking to and through East Africa - tentatively scheduled in Kenya in the third quarter; c) Financial flows linked to Afghan opiates production and trafficking - tentatively scheduled in the fourth quarter at a venue to be decided, and to be preceded by the establishment of a small working group of experts from UNODC Anti-money laundering unit, FATF, World Bank, IMF and few other selected Paris Pact partners with substantive expertise on this matter to prepare the ground for the Experts Meeting.
10843/08 ZH/tas 9 ANNEX DG H 3A EN 3) EUROPEAN UNION
As indicated in previous reports, there is a specific Action Plan on Drugs between the EU and Central Asian republics (2002). It is worth mentioning that on June 22, 2007, the EU finalised its Strategy for Central Asia, which includes specific provisions relating to counter-narcotics and border control. The European Commission is continuing to implement different programmes, mainly with a regional impact, although some projects are focused on specific countries, whose overall objective is to reduce and prevent drug trafficking in the region:
- the UNDP implemented Central Asia Drug Action Programme (CADAP) covers Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The EC allocated a total of 16,3 million euros for all four stages of the program. The first phases of CADAP (CADAP 1-3) focused on strengthening capacities at four airports in Central Asia and developing abilities to collect, analyse and exchange data on drugs, as well as on improving land border controls, police intelligence, and the legal framework. The renovation and equipment of joint border crossing points, the creation of mobile units, telecommunication and training, local border detection dog capacity and regional forensic capacity linked with national laboratories were also key areas of focus. The fourth phase of the program, (CADAP 4) started in January 2007 for a 2 year period: it carries forward the activities initiated under CADAP 1-3, and adds an emphasis on HIV prevention in prisons, research into drug trafficking, and public information campaigns regarding the danger of drug consumption. The fifth phase (CADAP 5), to be implemented from mid-2009 to 2012, is in the planning stages and may include for the most part projects to reduce demand.
- the Border Management in Central Asia Programme (BOMCA), with a budget of 25,6 million euros for the period 2002-2010, complements the CADAP project with an emphasis on reducing cross-border trafficking of drugs. It assists Central Asian Countries in improving the effectiveness of their border controls and with specific projects related to drug combating issues, including, among other projects, the construction of training academies, reinforcement of dog training capacities, and strengthening of border crossing points.
10843/08 ZH/tas 10 ANNEX DG H 3A EN The overall objectives of the new phase of BOMCA (BOMCA 7) will be the same as for BOMCA 6; Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development and precursor interdiction are introduced as new elements. Drug profiling capacities will be enhanced at existing DPUs in all five countries. New DPUs will be established at airports, railway stations and border crossing points in all five Central Asian republics.
4) OSCE
The OSCE field offices in Central Asia continued their specific assistance in counter-narcotics related sectors. In particular, under Spain’s OSCE Presidency, the OSCE field offices launched in May 2007 a four month training project to strengthen law enforcement canine capabilities in combating terrorism, drug trafficking and organized crime. In addition, OSCE is working with Tajikistan on some specific projects to strengthen border security to stem the flow of drugs from Afghanistan (see Tajikistan section for more information).
5) ECONOMIC COOPERATION ORGANISATION
The ECO1 Plan of Action on Drug Control (Ashgabat, 1996) is the general framework for coordinating measures to be taken at national and regional levels. The Drug Control Coordination Unit (DCCU)2 endeavours to provide co-ordination services on anti-narcotic issues among the national drug control agencies of the ECO Member States. ECO also organizes periodic meetings of government ministers to discuss anti-narcotics collaboration.
6) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES, OTHER REGIONAL INITIATIVES, REGIONAL ACTIVITIES OF SINGLE DONORS (UPDATES TO THE PREVIOUS REPORT)
A) The meetings by the FANC (Foreign Anti-Narcotics Community3) have continued on a regular basis, providing a venue for constructive discussions on the drug situation and leading to the dissemination of useful information, especially on matters related to law enforcement assistance.
1 Members: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan. 2 It was established in 1999 in Teheran, in cooperation with UNODC and with financial support from the European Union, within the ECO Secretariat 3 An unofficial and informal group comprised of Drug and Police Liaison Officers form different countries and accredited to Central Asia
10843/08 ZH/tas 11 ANNEX DG H 3A EN B) The Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organised Crime (TADOC) The TADOC, established in 20001, is actively involved in co-operation with Central Asian countries. Over the period under consideration, it continued its support, mainly through specific courses in counter-narcotics law enforcement, offering the following courses for Turkmenistan officials: “Drugs and Precursors ID Training Program I and II” (March to April 2007); “ID of False Documents Training Program” (June 2007); “Risk Assessment, Profiling & Management Training Program” (July 2007); “Train the Trainer” (July 2007); “Integrated Border Management Training Program” (September 2007); “Border Control & Management Study Tour” (October 2007); “Investigation & Report Writing Techniques Training Program” (November 2007). A “Surveillance Techniques Training Program” was organized to the benefit of Tajikistan officials (July 2007).
C) NATO-Russia Council (NRC) Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel. The 2006-2007 Pilot Project phase concluded in December 2007, and all the projected training activities were fulfilled. These included: eight 17-day training courses at the Domodedovo Center (providing counter-narcotics training to 207 Afghan and Central Asian personnel); one 3-week training course at Turkey’s TADOC academy for 20 Afghan officers; six mobile training courses at each of the target countries, training 181 officers. The NRC Pilot Project thus benefited a total of 408 mid-level personnel from counter-narcotic agencies in Afghanistan and the Central Asia countries, helping to increase their professional level of expertise. On June 26, 2007, the NRC approved a second phase (2008-2009) for the Project, with committed funding of US $899,480. The following activities have been scheduled for this second phase of the Pilot Project: eight mixed training courses through 2008 at the Domodedovo Centre; two advanced mixed training courses in 2008 at Turkey’s TADOC Academy; for 2008-2009, six mixed mobile training courses for selected regional countries; a mentoring and monitoring mechanism for the graduates from the first pilot phase, to be extended to subsequent trainees.
1 More precisely, the Academy was established on June 26, 2000, which is also known as the International Day Against Drug Use and Illicit Trafficking, in cooperation with the United Nations. The Academy is directly affiliated to the Turkish Ministry of Interior KOM, but is partly supported with funding from United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and closely cooperates with the UNODC in delivering its activities.
10843/08 ZH/tas 12 ANNEX DG H 3A EN D) As one of the major donors to UNODC, in 2007 Italy contributed a total of 4 million euros to support various projects run by UNODC to counter narcotics and organized crime and provided instructors to the NATO-Russia Council Pilot project on Counter Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel.
E) Japan continued to develop its “Central Asia plus Japan” program, encompassing regional co-operation on a range of issues, including improving the capacity of border management to prevent the spread of terrorism and drugs.
- Presentation of national situations a) Tajikistan
Production/eradication
Tajik Authorities do not provide figures on illicit harvests or eradication.
Drug Trafficking
Tajikistan remains a key transit country along the northern route for drug trafficking out of Afghanistan. Tajikistan law enforcement agencies seized a total of 5,270 kg of illicit drugs in 2007 (including 1,549 kg of heroin, 2,546 kg of opium, and 1,174 kg of cannabis), exceeding the 2006 amount (4,790 kg). The fact that Tajikistan has the longest border with Afghanistan of any Central Asian Republic (1,344 km) and that more than 20% of opium growers in Afghanistan are thought to be of Tajik origin, and thus related not only by common language and religion but also by close clan ties, likely contributes to the transit of drugs from Afghanistan.
Starting from 1996 when the first heroin seizure occurred, Tajikistan has made serious efforts to counter the flow of drugs from Afghanistan. From 2001 to 2007 about 24,2 tons of heroin have been seized.
10843/08 ZH/tas 13 ANNEX DG H 3A EN The level of opiate seizures in Tajikistan, while still the highest in the region, remains however significantly lower than the average levels achieved in 2001-2004, thus demonstrating that the significant drop in seizures recorded in 2005 (and attributed by some observers to the withdrawal of Russian troops from the Afghan-Tajik border in that year) was probably not an anomaly.
While opium seizures rose a third year in a row since 2005 from 1.104 kg in 2005 to 2,546 kg, for heroin the figures reveal a persistent downward trend. In 2007 Tajik authorities seized only 1,549 kg of heroin (a dramatic decline as compared to 2,097 kg in 2006).
In particular, there has been a notable upward trend in opium seizures in the Kathlon province bordering Afghanistan. Opium seized there increased from 564 kg to 1,223 kg in 2007, while the quantity of heroin fell to 564 kg from 1,223 kg. The seizures of heroin and opium occurred in this province represent respectively 27.4% and 48% of the total seizures made across the country.
Illicit drugs move through the Tajik territory from the border with Afghanistan in the south (Kathlon region) to the north of the country, as a transit zone, headed for other Central Asian countries and Russia along the main trafficking routes. The main facilities used to transport drugs across the country are vehicles and trains, while concealment places are mostly hand-baggage, garments and other vehicle inner spaces.
There were no seizures of illegal precursors in 2007. Due to a lack of proper screening equipment and related training, and the absence of salary incentives for seizures of precursor chemicals, the illicit transit of such chemicals may go undetected. In addition, the Tajik Government has a customs inspection agreement with Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan that prohibits inspection of sealed trucks (TIR) bound for a non-Tajikistan destination, many of which could be carrying licit and illicit precursor chemicals. In essence, Tajikistan does not seem to have as much capability to monitor or intercept precursor chemicals illegally transiting Tajikistan to Afghanistan.
In 2007 there was a 6.7% increase in drug-related crimes, and most of the offences occurred in the Sogd region (29%), followed by Dushanbe’ city (28%) and the Khatlon region (21%).
10843/08 ZH/tas 14 ANNEX DG H 3A EN As far as national counter-narcotics institutions are concerned, as of January 2007, the Tajik State Committee for Border Protection (SCBP) merged with the new State Committee for National Security (SCNS), a development with ramifications for border management and for international security assistance programs across the board. The Committee has barred the Ministry of Interior and the Drug Control Agency access to the border within 3 to 10 km, for example. A planned U.S.- funded initiative to provide salary supplements to border guards on the Tajik-Afghan border was cancelled due to diminished transparency and disagreements on control of the project with the leadership of the State Committee for National Security. The SCNS also adopted a policy to minimize contact with Afghanistan, kept the $39 million U.S.-funded bridge at Nizhniy Pyanj closed for two months after its completion, and resisted allowing joint Tajik-Afghan border guard training. On the other hand, the SCNS is interested in creating mobile interdiction type teams within their organisation and would possibly work with the Ministry of Interior and Drugs Control Agency (DCA) using these teams as long as SCNS maintain operational command and control.
Consumption
As of 2007 figures, there are 8,607 registered drug addicts in the country. However, UNODC has in previous years estimated the total number of drug abusers to be much higher, on the order of 45.000-55.000 (as of 2005). The number of young addicts continues to grow, and over 60 percent of Tajikistan’s drug addicts are in the 18-30 age group. Increased assistance in the drug demand reduction area is critical to bolstering civil society programs aimed at increasing trust and cooperation between the public and law enforcement and a greater respect for rule of law.
Counter-narcotics activities are in line with the National Program for drug abuse prevention and improving drug treatment for the period 2005-2010. The program was developed with the direct assistance of UNODC as part of its RER/F75 project on the diversification of HIV prevention and drug treatment services.
10843/08 ZH/tas 15 ANNEX DG H 3A EN The DCA continued to expand and develop its initiatives aimed at increasing drug awareness, primarily among school children. The Tajik Government also encouraged the involvement of domestic and international nongovernmental organizations in this effort. USAID-funded, Population Services International (PSI) is running four “Youth Power Centers” (one in Dushanbe, two in Khujand, and one in Khorog) aimed at prevention of drug use among youth and other at-risk groups. Each center supports up to 1,000 young people aged 15 to 25.
Money laundering
Money laundering and anti-corruption legislation is still inadequate: the anti money laundering and counter terrorism financing law is being drafted in the Office of the President.
Tajikistan has acceded to the UN Convention against Corruption (October 2006) and the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (July 2004). The Agency for State Financial Control and Combating Money Laundering was established in early 2007.
Recommendations identified last year are considered to be largely still valid.
1. Donors should continue to support activities against the illicit traffic of precursors to address such persistent challenge.
2. Border control assistance should continue to be provided on a priority basis by donors.
3. Demand reduction, including the medical rehabilitation of drug addicts, requires continuous focus by donors.
10843/08 ZH/tas 16 ANNEX DG H 3A EN b) Uzbekistan
Production/eradication
There appears to be no significant drug production in the country. So called “Black poppy” operations aimed at discovering and eradicating illegal cultivation have taken place periodically since 1993. In the edition of autumn 2007, 816 cases of illegal drug plants cultivation on the area of 1.3 hectares were revealed - including 620 cases of opium poppy cultivation (1.05 hectares) and 196 cases of marijuana cultivation (1,774 square meters area). During the operation 676 people were charged with drug related crimes.
Drug trafficking
Drug trafficking in Uzbekistan remains a serious challenge. Revitalized international criminal organizations use the territory of Uzbekistan as a transit route for drugs smuggled into Russian Federation and European countries. The drug situation in Afghanistan contributes to an increase in drug trafficking, and in particular, the amount of the single shipments rose significantly in the most recent period. In November 2007, for example, Uzbek authorities arrested a Tajik citizen attempting to smuggle 235 kg of heroin near Tashkent, and in March 2008, seized almost 570 kg of heroin being transported from Tajikistan in a lorry. These drugs are trafficked into Uzbekistan mainly through courier and various methods of concealment. In general, the carriers try to camouflage the drugs in agricultural products or to hide them in empty spaces of train carriages, automobiles, hand luggage and personal belongings.
In 2007, 2,113 kg of drugs were seized in the Republic, compared to 1,792 kg in 2006. This breaks down into 480 kg of heroin seizures (down from 537 kg in 2006), 731 kg of opium (slightly down from 759,3 in 2006), 681 kg of cannabis, and 53 kg of hashish (compared to 429 kg and 6 kg in 2006 respectively).
Illegal heroin production has not been identified in Uzbekistan, but precursors for use in Afghan laboratories are assumed to transit the country.
10843/08 ZH/tas 17 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Drug related crimes in Uzbekistan increased in 2007 (9,435) compared to 2006 (8,834). 5,303 individuals were arrested in connection to these crimes. Among these, 192 were foreign citizens. Arrests usually involve one or two individuals rather than larger criminal “rings”, in large part because law enforcement generally lacks sufficient investigative training and resources, but evidence suggests that most criminal groups are of a relatively small size, often composed of individuals of the same extended family.
Consumption
Uzbekistan faces a serious drug abuse problem. Total number of registered drug addicts rose to 21,465 (up from 19,654 in 2006). According to UNODC, the total number of drug addicts in Uzbekistan is probably higher (between 65.000 and 91.000 by some estimates). HIV infection is also spreading rapidly. According to official data, in 1999 there were only 76 cases, while in 2007 the number was 13,184 (10,015 in 2006), 6,215 of them drug addicts. These data, however, include only individuals who were subject to a test; therefore a higher figure is likely.
Anti money laundering
Uzbekistan has been unable to fully develop its anti money-laundering apparatus: the relevant law was enacted in 2004 and became effective as of 1st January 2006, but in 2007 a series of Presidential decrees suspended its most important provisions, including the establishment of the Financial Intelligence Unit, until 2013. In addition, a Decree of February 20, 2008 prohibits banks and officials from enquiring into the legality of sources of funds or transactions executed by physical persons. This Decree is effective 1 April 2008 to 1 April 2009. Specific anti money laundering assistance is being provided by the UNODC and the World Bank, among others. Uzbekistan is a member of the Eurasian Group (EAG), and will undergo an AML/CFT Evaluation th by EAG in the 4 quarter of 2008.
Uzbekistan ratified the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime in May 2004. On the other hand, Uzbekistan is not a signatory to the UN Convention against Corruption.
10843/08 ZH/tas 18 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Recommendations identified last year are considered to be largely still valid
1. Demand-related problems should continue to be addressed. 2. Donors should continue to focus on the issues of strengthening border control. 3. Precursor control should continue to be given high priority.
c) Kazakhstan
Production/eradication
Kazakhstan’s primary problem remains the import and transit of Afghan heroin to the Russian Federation and European Countries, despite limited internal production. In fact, all drugs smuggled via the “northern route”, besides air transportation or via the Caspian Sea, must transit Kazakh territory. Nevertheless, Kazakhstan has the most substantial financial resources, and is thus probably the best equipped Central Asian state to handle the trafficking threat.
As noted in the overview of the regional situation, Kazakhstan, on the other hand, is also Central Asia’s largest producer of cannabis, accounting for 97% of cannabis sold in Central Asia. Sizeable tracts of wild cannabis are present particularly in the Zhambyl Region's Shu Valley, in the provinces of Kostanay, South Kazakhstan and Akmola. In particular, a 2007 UNODC mission to the Shu Valley indicated that wild growth and cultivation was well above the 128,000 ha officially reported, with over half of the cannabis being harvested. Ephedra grows wild in Kazakhstan, along with some small-scale opium poppy cultivation.
These figures indicate that Kazakhstan could become a major producer of narcotics, although evidence continues to suggest that local production is mostly limited (with the exception of cannabis) to local use and small-scale smuggling into Russia.
10843/08 ZH/tas 19 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Drug trafficking
The level of seizures in Kazakhstan dropped slightly in 2007 compared to 2006. A total of about 23.4 tons of narcotic drugs were seized (25 tons in 2006), including 522 kg of heroin (down from 555 kg in 2006), 335 kg of opium (down from 637 kg in 2006), 21.8 tons of marijuana and 261 kg of hashish. Cannabis-type drugs (marijuana and hashish) accounted for 94% of total seizures. In addition, in September 2007, a shipment of smuggled liquid heroin by train from Astana to Chelyabinsk was intercepted by Russian officials.
Law enforcement bodies in Kazakhstan are seriously concerned about the expansion of the synthetic drug market. A substantial amount of ecstasy pills have been seized over the last few years. It is thought that synthetic drugs might travel to Kazakhstan through the Russian Federation. In Kazakhstan 10,502 drug related crimes were registered in 2007 (a negligible increase of 0.7% from 2006) including 5,016 (+7.2%) cases of drug pushing.
As in previous years, Kazakh law enforcement conducted a series of preventive operations (“Mak” - Poppy-, “Kanal”, “Doping”, etc.) involving drug seizures and arrests of both individuals and drug smuggling rings. As a result of the “Mak-2007” (“Poppy-2007”) operation from May to October, 4,016 drug-related crimes were registered and 80 cases of smuggling as well as 80 cases of illegal drug plants cultivation were halted. Among the 2,428 criminals arrested, 50 were foreign citizens. During the three phases of the “Doping” operation in 2007, 975 pharmacies, 151 warehouses, 461 medical entities and 202 industrial firms using precursors in their activity were investigated, resulting in the identification of 1,137 violations of legal drug circulation. As for the operation “Kanal – 2007” (“Channel – 2007”), the first stage, was carried out from August 27th to September 3rd with the aim of blocking drug trafficking border channels, with joint efforts of law enforcement agencies of CSTO member states and competent bodies of Azerbaijan, China, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, USA, Finland, Estonia and Interpol (as observers).
Kazakhstan is a signatory to cooperation agreements in the fight against drug addiction and drug trafficking with several states: Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries (Russia, China, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan), as well as Romania, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Latvia, Bulgaria and Poland.
10843/08 ZH/tas 20 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Consumption
Drug addiction continues to present a growing problem. In 1986 only three/four provinces of Kazakhstan, with a total amount of 10,000 officially registered drug users, were seriously affected; currently, drug addiction affects nearly all regions, with 55,286 officially registered drug users (compared to 54,411 in 2006), including 4,737 women (-2.1%), and 4,104 minors. UNODC, however, estimates the number of drug abusers at between 165,000 and 186,000. The continued increase in HIV cases is also cause for concern: in 2007 there were 9,378 cumulative HIV cases compared to 7,402 in 2006.
Money laundering
A draft money laundering law was presented to Parliament in October 2005 and has not yet been approved (its consideration for adoption has been postponed to the Autumn of 2008). A decision to establish a FIU within the Ministry of Finance has been taken. Anti money laundering assistance has been provided by a number of donors (OSCE, World Bank and UNODC). Kazakhstan has not yet ratified the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and is not a signatory of the UN Convention against Corruption.
Recommendations identified last year are considered to be largely still valid
1. Donors should continue to support activities against the illicit traffic of precursors because, in spite of the initiatives carried out in this field, results are not yet fully satisfactory.
2. It is important to continue to strengthen border control. Due to the size and the porosity of Kazakhstan frontiers, as well as to the difficulties to monitor the stretches of the boundary in high mountainous and remote areas, it is necessary to continue the work in this field.
3. Demand reduction initiatives, including the medical rehabilitation of drug addicts, as well as efforts to tackle the spread of HIV/AIDS, require continuous focus by donors.
4. As money laundering and drug trafficking may be considered two sides of the same phenomenon, Kazakhstan should strengthen its attention towards money laundering issues, starting from the improvement of legislation.
10843/08 ZH/tas 21 ANNEX DG H 3A EN d) Kyrgyzstan
Production/eradication
The Kyrgyz Republic continues to have only very modest domestic production of illicit narcotics, but it is a major transit country for drugs originating in Afghanistan and destined for illegal markets in Russia and Western Europe. While there is no significant commercial production of drugs in Kyrgyzstan, cannabis and ephedra grow wild over wide areas (during the Soviet period about 500 tons of ephedra-derived drugs were produced annually for medical purposes).
With skyrocketing opiate imports from Afghanistan, it has become less risky and easier to import drugs from Afghanistan via Tajikistan than to produce them locally. The Kyrgyz government in fact carries out yearly eradication campaigns against illicit crops.
Drug trafficking
2007 Kyrgyz law enforcement agencies seizures totaled 6,870 kg of narcotic substances, including 431 kg of heroin (65.4 % increase), 270 kg of opium (10.5 % decrease), 4,028 kg of marijuana (67.9 % increase) and 440 kg of hashish (186.2 % increase).
It is worth noting that in September 2007 the first seizure of liquid heroin in Kyrgyzstan from a smuggler traveling by bus from Osh to Krasnoyarsk (Russia) was recorded. Another similar seizure of liquid heroin followed in November 2007 in Jalal-Abad. Chemical analysis demonstrated that drugs of both consignments were identical. This channel from southern Kyrgyzstan to Russia had existed for one year and was used for regular shipments of liquid heroin to different cities in Russia.
Established in 2003, the Drug Control Agency (DCA) has become a lead agency that coordinates all drug enforcement activities in the Kyrgyz Republic. To stop illegal transnational organized drug crime, the DCA continues to work with its counterparts in Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. In 2007, the DCA seized 1,192 kg of illicit narcotics, including 209 kg of heroin (63 % increase), 129 kg of opium (21.3 % decrease), 738 kg of marijuana (5.7 % increase) and 104 kg of hashish (3.7 % decrease). In 2007, the Kyrgyz DCA conducted 5 international controlled deliveries.
10843/08 ZH/tas 22 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Consumption
Out of a population of 5.1 million, Kyrgyzstan had 8,464 officially registered drug abusers in 2007 (up from 7.842 in 2006). In contrast to the total number of registered drug users, UNODC estimates that 0.8 percent of the total adult population 15 - 64 years or approximately 26,000 people are dependent on opiates. The number of registered HIV cases in 2007 increased by 509, reaching a total of 1,479.
Anti money laundering
Kyrgyzstan has taken some measures to address inadequacies in its anti-money laundering capabilities. The money-laundering bill was approved and signed into law in July 2006, and a Financial Intelligence Unit was established in 2005. A Decree of the President of Kyrgyzstan dated September 4th, 2007 created a Working group within the Security Council of Kyrgyzstan to implement the FATF Recommendations in accordance with the results of an Eurasian Group evaluation.
The Financial Intelligence Unit has elaborated an Action Plan on the Implementation of the FATF Recommendations. The National Bank of Kyrgyzstan has incorporated amendments into its Rules for internal control for supervised credit institutions (banks and non-bank credit institutions) in order to bring them in line with some of the FATF Recommendations. Anti money laundering and counter terrorism financing assistance is provided by international organizations to train the competent authorities of Kyrgyzstan. However, there have been no convictions related to such crimes.
Kyrgyzstan has ratified both the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (in October 2003) and the UN Convention against Corruption (in September 2005).
10843/08 ZH/tas 23 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Recommendations identified last year are considered to be largely still valid
1. Donors should continue to support activities against the illicit traffic in precursors because, in spite of the initiatives carried out in this field, the results remain meager.
2. Mini Dublin Group underlined the importance of continuing to strengthen border control, in particular in the Ferghana Valley, where nearly 40% of the frontier is uncontrolled.
3. Demand reduction, including the medical rehabilitation of drug addicts, was also indicated among the priorities which need continuous focus by donors. A rapid growth of HIV/AIDS cases is one of the most direct and heavy consequences of the drug addition spread.
e) Turkmenistan
Production
Turkmenistan is not a major producer or source country for illegal drugs, but remains a key transit country for the smuggling of narcotics and precursor chemicals. Opium poppy, cannabis and ephedra (traditionally consumed) grow wild in some areas.
Drug Trafficking
Turkmenistan remains an important transit route for Afghan opium and heroin destined to Europe via the Caucasus and Turkey (Asiatic route) and also to Russia. The porous and extensive borders with Afghanistan (744 Km), Iran (992 Km) and Uzbekistan (1,621 Km) make it highly vulnerable to smuggling by trucks and cars. Smuggling also takes place by rail and at the Ashgabat airport.
10843/08 ZH/tas 24 ANNEX DG H 3A EN The port of Turkmenbashy on the Caspian Sea (Turkmenistan has 1,768 Km of sea borders) is thought to be a transshipment point for the precursor chemical acetic anhydride destined for heroin manufacture in Afghanistan as well as for drug smuggling (using containers) to Azerbaijan.
The railway line from Ashgabat to Seraks on the Iranian border is also one of the trafficking routes; one of the most vulnerable points is the area of Imam Baba, which is located between Serhetab, Takhta Bazar and Mary.
In 2004 the Turkmen Government began, after a four year hiatus, to release official statistics on drug seizures. In 2007 Turkmenistan’s authorities seized 3,283 kg of drugs. Of this total, heroin seizures increased for the third year in a row to 325 kg (from 201 kg in 2006 and 180 kg in 2005). Opium seizures were 2,284 kg, a slight decline from 2006 (2,655 kg) but a continued improvement from 2005 seizures (748 kg), equivalent to 37% of the total amount of opium seized in all the 5 Central Asian Countries.
Law enforcement agencies reported 1,014 drug related crimes (including 104 for drug smuggling) in the first six months of 2007, an apparently increasing trend from 2006 when 1,692 crimes were registered for the whole year.
Consumption
Although there has long been a lack of concrete information and statistics on consumption, according to available official figures as of the end of 2007 there were approximately 33,000 registered drug addicts in the country. The Ministry of Health currently operates seven drug treatment clinics: one in the capital of Ashgabat, one in Serdar city, and one in each of the five provincial administrative centers. Narcotics addicts can receive confidential treatment at these clinics. Drug addiction is a prosecutable crime with jail sentences for convicted persons, although judicial officials usually sentence addicts to treatment.
There is a lack of concrete information on the number of HIV/AIDS registered cases. It may be assumed that the situation merits attention, judging from anecdotal evidence and the situation in the other Central Asian countries.
10843/08 ZH/tas 25 ANNEX DG H 3A EN National Policy
Under the new President Berdymukhamedov, the country has significantly increased cooperation and information sharing with international organizations and diplomatic missions present in Turkmenistan. Such development was noted with much appreciation by the local Mini Dublin Group. The President himself stressed on several occasions the importance of countering the flow of narcotics. There appears thus to be growing recognition of trafficking and consumption problems in the country. Some observers suggest however that any optimism regarding a real change of attitude would be premature, since it should be carefully evaluated against the background of corruption phenomena.
The more positive attitude towards international counter narcotics co-operation was evident in the hosting in Turkmenbashi on 17th-19th September 2007 of the above mentioned Paris Pact round table on the Caspian Sea and Caucasian Region and in the offer to deploy one National staff to work in the framework of the UNODC “Caspian Sea Initiative”. In addition, as noted previously, the Turkmen Parliament has become the first to approve ratification of the Central Asia Regional Information and Co-ordination Centre (CARICC) Institutional Agreement on December 28th 2007. On a less positive note, no representative of the Turkmen Government took part in the last Mini Dublin Group organised in Ashgabat.
On April 2006 the National Program on Fighting Illegal Drug Trafficking and Assistance to Drug and Psychotropic Substance Addicts for 2006-2010 (2006-2010 National Drug Program) was approved and the State Commission on Drug Control was created in order to coordinate the efforts of law enforcement agencies and other bodies involved in countering the drug problem. This program includes: increased regional cooperation to prevent drug and precursor trafficking; prevention of drug-related crimes committed by juvenile offenders; enhanced technology-based border security, enhanced training for law enforcement agencies to combat organized crime; increased counterterrorism efforts; training on drug trafficking and money laundering. The national program also addresses drug demand issues. The plan has a research and treatment of drug addiction and HIV/AIDS component and includes a national survey on the spread of drug use and HIV/AIDS within target population. The plan calls for the creation of drug abuse “hot lines.”
10843/08 ZH/tas 26 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Anti Money Laundering
While much more progress is still needed in this area, there were some positive developments in addressing the inadequacy of anti money laundering legislation and institutions (lack of an anti money laundering law and of a Financial Intelligence Unit).
In 2007, Turkmenistan officials indicated their interest in taking steps to meet international anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) obligations in accordance with treaties and conventions which have been signed and ratified. The Central Bank drafted a new law on AML/CFT that is currently being considered by the Parliament. Turkmenistan also became an observer member in the Eurasian Group (EAG). The largely cash-based economy creates, however, an environment in which money-laundering is a significant concern.
The World Bank and UNODC organized an AML/CFT workshop in Ashgabat in March 2008 with support from the Eurasian Group, OSCE and the IMF. The two-day workshop —The Role and Function of a Financial Intelligence Unit— was attended by Turkmen officials representing 33 ministries and agencies.
Turkmenistan has ratified the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and has acceded to the UN Convention against Corruption. Despite Turkmenistan’s ratification of the UN Convention against Corruption, some observers believe that the issue still requires close attention.
Recommendations identified last year are considered to be largely still valid. 1. It is important to continue to closely monitor the attitude of the Government of Turkmenistan, which should be encouraged to follow up on constructive steps already undertaken towards international counter narcotics co-operation and information sharing. 2. It is essential to keep the Turkmen Government as engaged as possible in the field of drug control, through both multilateral and bilateral efforts. 3. Donors should continue to focus on the need to strengthen drug control capacities along the Turkmen borders as well as to reinforce precursor control capabilities.
10843/08 ZH/tas 27 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Summary of the work of the Mini Dublin Groups
Mini Dublin Groups for Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan (also covering, respectively, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) met twice. The meetings took place in Astana, Tashkent and Dushanbé). The Italian Embassy in Moscow is responsible for Turkmenistan, and its Mini Dublin Group convened in Ashgabat. As in the past, Turkey continued to participate in the activities of Mini Dublin groups in Central Asia as an “active observer”. Russia also intervened as an observer, due to its importance in the regional counter narcotics panorama, as did Afghanistan, with specific reference to Mini Dublin Groups for Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
UNODC representatives were regularly involved, in some cases together with representatives from OSCE and BOMCA/CADAP. Representatives of local Governments also attended the meetings, with the exceptions of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan.
Participants in the last meetings of the Mini Dublin Groups are detailed below:
For Tajikistan: Representatives from EC, France, Germany, Italy, OSCE, Tajikistan, Turkey, UK, Uzbekistan, UNODC, USA.
For Uzbekistan: Representatives from EC, France, Germany, Italy, OSCE, Tajikistan, Turkey, UK, Uzbekistan, UNODC, USA.
For Kazakhstan: Representatives from Afghanistan, Austria, Belgium, BOMCA/CADAP EC Programs, Canada, Czech Republic, EC, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, UK, UNODC, USA.
For Kyrgyzstan: Representatives from Afghanistan, Austria, Belgium, BOMCA/CADAP EC programs, Canada, Czech Republic, EC, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, UK, UNODC, USA.
For Turkmenistan: Representatives from BOMCA/CADAP EC programs, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, Russia, Turkey, the UK, UNODC, USA.
10843/08 ZH/tas 28 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Essential points to be followed by the mini-Dublin Groups
Essential points to be followed by the Mini Dublin Groups in the region remain the same as last year. They should continue to monitor transit patterns of Afghan opiates as well as precursors, with a specific emphasis on possible changes in the main routes and the responses by local Authorities. Against this background, they should continue to exchange information about donor assistance and its adequacy to tackle the challenge. On the demand side, they should also continue to collect information, complementing the official figures. Local Authorities should be involved as much as possible in their activities.
Finally, they should closely monitor the evolution of anti-money laundering and anti-corruption legislation and praxis.
2. Regional nature of problems
Most challenges in Central Asia continue to be of a regional nature. In fact, countries in the region encounter basically similar problems (as already detailed in the regional overview), which are connected to the flow of Afghan opiates and its devastating effects. The response of the International Community is therefore consistently addressing the regional dimension, through multinational programs and by promoting regional counter-narcotics co-operation.
3. Matters requiring treatment by the Dublin Group at the central level
No specific indications besides regional recommendations.
4. Place and date of meeting of Mini Dublin Groups
Mini Dublin Groups for Uzbekistan: Tashkent, 13th November 2007; Dushanbé 3rd April 2008.
Mini Dublin Groups for Tajikistan: Tashkent, 13th November 2007; Dushanbé, 3rd April 2008.
10843/08 ZH/tas 29 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Mini Dublin Groups for Kazakhstan: Astana, 8th November 2007; Astana, 17th April 2008.
Mini Dublin Groups for Kyrgyzstan: Astana, 8th November 2007; Astana, 17th April 2008.
Mini Dublin for Turkmenistan: Ashgabat, 21st April 2008.
5. Regional group recommendations/conclusions
Also on the basis of assessments of priority needs and recommendations by the Mini Dublin Groups, regional recommendations formulated last year are considered to a large extent still valid, namely:
1. Donors should continue to support initiatives aimed at enhancing regional co-ordination. In this context, law enforcement co-operation and information sharing (with a specific emphasis on controlled deliveries) should be particularly stressed. As for CARICC, in order to make as effective as possible the start of its operational activities on a pilot basis, donor Countries should make available their experience: the running of practical courses with a focus on analysis, national and international co-ordination and conduct of investigations, in particular, should be considered a priority. On the other hand, members in the project who have not ratified or signed the institutional agreement should continue to be encouraged to do so. 2. Illegal traffic in precursors, as well as border management, should remain high priority: donors should continue to provide assistance in these areas. 3. Especially in some Central Asian countries, further action is needed on demand reduction, including medical rehabilitation of drug addicts. A focus on countering the spread of HIV/AIDS is also necessary. 4. Especially in some States in the region, increased emphasis is needed on money laundering and corruption, as well as on the improvement of the relevant local regulatory framework and praxis. 5. It would be important to verify the results of the National Drug Plans by introducing periodical benchmarks and the receiving Countries should adopt measures to ensure sustainability, ownership and visibility of the projects.
10843/08 ZH/tas 30 ANNEX DG H 3A EN While praising the Dublin Group for its activities in co-ordinating assistance and identifying gaps, some Mini Dublin Groups in the region stressed the need to continue to work to avoid duplication of efforts and to improve the effectiveness of the aid provided. Some Mini Dublin Groups made a particular reference to co-ordination between UNODC and BOMCA/CADAP initiatives. Programs evaluation on the medium to long term was also considered a very important element.
As remarked by some Mini Dublin Groups in the region, effective results in minimising the negative effects of drug trafficking in Central Asian Countries are, however, very clearly dependent on an improvement of drug control in Afghanistan. On the other hand, if substantial progress is achieved in Afghanistan, Central Asia will eventually require increased attention, in order to avoid a mere geographical shift in production.
10843/08 ZH/tas 31 ANNEX DG H 3A EN Annexes: information provided by Mini Dublin Groups on assistance activities (excerpts from reports of the last Mini Dublin Groups). Please note that updates refer to the dates when Mini Dublin Groups took place
1) Assistance activities to Tajikistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Tajikistan: Dushanbe’, 3rd April 2008) 2) Assistance activities to Uzbekistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Uzbekistan: Dushanbe’, 3rd April 2008) 3) Assistance activities to Kazakhstan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Kazakhstan: Astana, 17th April 2008) 4) Assistance activities to Kyrgyzstan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Kyrgyzstan: Astana, 17th April 2008) 5) Assistance activities to Turkmenistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Turkmenistan: Ashgabat, 21st April 2008)
10843/08 ZH/tas 32 ANNEX DG H 3A EN ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX
ANNEX 1
Assistance activities to Tajikistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Tajikistan)
3. Enumeration of major bilateral and multilateral CN programs
At the multilateral level there is a number of UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia counter- narcotics projects at national and regional level.
During the mini Dublin Group meeting the UNODC Regional Representative for Central Asia gave an update on the following most important projects:
GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II – A partnership to counter traffic in and consumption of Afghan opiates”
Training at Tajik DCA for LE agencies of Tajikistan is planned to take place in mid April. Regional Monitoring Expert had a meeting with Head of National Center of Drug Control (NCDC) of Uzbekistan. As a result of discussions NCDC agreed to provide statistics on Individual Drug Seizures to UNODC ROCA.
GLO/900 “Legal Advisory Programme”
On 26-28 March 2008, in the framework of this project, the relevant provisions of the UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) as well as best practices in areas of international legal cooperation, extradition, asset forfeiture and recovery were presented in the UNODC’s Regional Workshop to Promote the Ratification and Implementation of the UNCAC held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. The workshop assessed the status of implementation of the UNCAC, identified implementation gaps and technical assistance needs to fill such gaps, and allowed the participants (senior law-enforcement officers and other officials of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) to share good anti-corruption policies and practices.
10843/08 ZH/tas 33 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN On 14-15 May 2008 a joint UNODC/OSCE workshop on promoting law enforcement and judicial cooperation among source, transit and destination countries to combat human trafficking and migrant smuggling to and from Central Asia will be held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Judicial and law enforcement practitioners from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation, Israel, Turkey, Thailand, UAE and USA will participate in it. Objectives of the workshop are to strengthen the capacities of national criminal justice systems and promote improved international co-operation and information exchange between investigative agencies, police, migration bodies and central authorities of participating countries in combating human trafficking and smuggling of migrants.
GLO/E69 “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”
The responses on the questionnaire “M&E of National Drug Dependence Treatment Services” were received from the MoH and narcological organizations that provide drug dependence services and treatment in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Georgia and Armenia. Annual data and the report on treatment demand and HIV among drug users (Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) were translated into English.
GLO/S48UZB (Anti-Corruption Mentor Programme)
In January 2008 the Mentor developed anticorruption training material on corruption prevention measures in implementation of Chapter II of United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and presented it at the workshop organized by UNODC ACU in Vienna from 7th till 11th of January. Also, during this business trip, the Mentor participated in several meetings and discussed issues including UNCAC implementation issues in the Republic of Tajikistan, inter- agency seminars organization in the region on the money laundering prevention and other related corruption issues.
On 29 January Mentor met with representatives from the US Embassy and discussed further cooperation on additional support the Anti-corruption Agency on: law making, qualification raising of investigators and procurement of special operative techniques.
10843/08 ZH/tas 34 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In February, the Mentor met with the Drug Control Agency (DCA) of the Republic of Tajikistan and National Tajik University authorities. During the meeting with the DCA, four activities were agreed that UNODC Mentor would provide support in: review of legal basis, corruption prevention trainings, introduction to Behavior Risk Assessment System (BRASS) and development of legislature to assess corruption risk within the system.
During a meeting with National Tajik University authorities, the development of a project proposal to support University activities to establish a Corruption Research and Qualification Raising Centre within the University was agreed and the possibility to support a project proposal related to the public awareness building on the basis of National Anti-corruption Strategy (adopted by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan on 24 January, 2008) was also discussed.
On 11-12 March, the Mentor made two presentations on the implementation of UNCAC and corruption prevention measures within the institution for the Border Control Mobile Groups trainings organized by UNODC. It was agreed with the Border Control Agency to develop a sectoral anti-corruption strategy and to work on the drafting of their corruption risk analysis methodology.
On the issue of speeding up the ratification process of United Nations Convention against Corruption and other Convention implementation issues, the Mentor had several meetings with Law Development Committee representatives, and the Head of Commission on Conduct of MP’s of Madjilisi Oli, Madjilisi Neymandagon. During the meetings, difficulties of the national legislature and UNCAC provisions were discussed and a separate letter to clarify the ratification of UNCAC was submitted to HQ Advocacy Section.
On 26-28 March, Tajik government representatives and the Mentor participated in the Regional Workshop on UNCAC in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
10843/08 ZH/tas 35 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”
Precursor interdiction operational activities planning meetings were held with concerned law enforcement authorities of Uzbekistan (Tashkent, 15 January), Turkmenistan (Ashgabat, 17 January), Kazakhstan (Astana, 21 January), Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek, 23 January) and Tajikistan (Dushanbe, 25 January).
RER/F23 “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”
F23 project revision was signed by Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are expected to sign the revision soon.
On March 12, H03 project Coordinator provided a lecture to the Ministry of Interior's Mobile Units at the Drug Department (MVD Tajikistan). He lectured about criminal intelligence analysis, Intelligence Cycle and gave a presentation on the current opiate situation in Afghanistan and how it affects heroin abuse market world wide.
RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Delivery Techniques”
Two technical experts from Russian Federal Drug Control Service conducted their mission to Azerbaijan and through Central Asia to assess the needs of LEAs in specialized equipment to be used during the controlled deliveries. They had meetings with the Chiefs of Counter-Narcotics Departments and Technical units of respective LEAs of each country. Technical experts developed list of specialized equipment, specifications and tender documents to proceed with procurement. Project team will initiate procurement process.
10843/08 ZH/tas 36 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/F60 “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”
In Tajikistan, CBT sites were set up at the Border Guards detachments (Khudjand and Nizhniy Pyandj). 12 computer sets and LAN were installed and training managers were trained. One more CBT site set up at Ishkashim, Tajik Border Guards detachment along Tajik – Afghan border (5 computers installed with CBT programme, training manager trained).
In Uzbekistan, five sets of computer equipment were handed over to Border Guards for use at Hayraton checkpoint.
Final reports under BOMCA 4 CBT Project in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan completed and submitted to BOMCA office in Bishkek.
RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”
In March 2008, missions of the Acting Director of CARICC and Senior Project Coordinator (AD/RER/H22) to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan have been organized to meet with competent bodies of these countries, promote their cooperation with CARICC and operational activities.
RER/H37 “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”
UNODC supported the UN essay competition on MDG goals for students. The essays on HIV/AIDS topics sent to the competition were screened and reviewed by the project staff in order to select the first round winners. Winners were awarded with valuable gifts at the ceremony on February 5, 2008.
10843/08 ZH/tas 37 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN KGZ/I75 “Establishment of Interagency Law Enforcement Mobile Groups in Kyrgyzstan”
The first operational meeting between the Mobile Units of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan was organized in Osh, Kyrgyzstan on March 13-14. The meeting was initiated by UNODC as the first practical effort to implement the recently signed Agreement between the DCA of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Its basic purpose was to promote mutual cooperation through establishing professional contacts, experience exchange and intelligence sharing. The Kyrgyz side was represented by the Commander, his two deputies and four Heads of Mobile Units. In addition, the Head of the Southern Branch of the Kyrgyz DCA attended the meeting. The Tajik delegation was comprised of Mobile Operative Department (MOD) Commander, Head of MOD Unit, Head of DCA Branch in Mountain Badakhshan Region and Deputy Head of DCA Branch in Sogd Province. During the meeting all sides exchanged views on possible ways to boost interaction between the Kyrgyz and Tajik MOBITs and agreed on joint operational activities and intelligence sharing.
KYR/G64 “Drug Control Agency in Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz DCA (Phase II)”
With the support of KYR/G64 and TAJ/H03 projects, the Drug Control Agencies of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan entered into a Cooperation Agreement. The document was signed by Heads of DCAs in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan on 21 January 2007. As a follow-up to this event a working meeting was organised for staff of drug control agencies to discuss issues of operational cooperation and share experience in DCAs work. DCA Kyrgyzstan has summarized its work for 2007, which resulted in seizures of 1 tonnes 118 kg of drugs, including 136 kg of heroin and 130 kg of opium.
TAJ/H03 “Tajikistan Drug Control Agency (DCA) - (Phase II of TAJ/D65)”
In the frame of project immediate objective # 3 and benchmarks approved by the International Working Group for the first 6 months of 2008 and as a result of long negotiations, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan governments approved the inter-agency agreement on cooperation in the field of fight against illicit drug circulation, psychotropic and precursors substances that was signed between two Drug Control Agencies of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. At the signing ceremony the Tajik delegation was represented by the DCA Director, Chief of staff and Chief of Undercover Department and UNODC Tajikistan H03 project staff (Bishkek, January 21, 2008).
10843/08 ZH/tas 38 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Following the request of the Director of Tajik DCA, the H03 Project Coordinator and Project Manager:
1. On 17 -18 January, have assessed the personnel achievements of the officers of the Analytical Center, discussed their plans for the future and listened to their proposals on what are the best ways to improve their work. The assessment report has been developed and submitted to the DCA leadership for consideration and will be used to plan activities for the future; and 2. On 28 January conducted a pre-selection process of the candidates for the position of the Chief of the Analytical Center. Five candidates were interviewed and the report with proposals was submitted to the DCA leadership.
On 11 January a press conference was organized at the DCA premises for local and foreign journalists to brief on the achievements reached by the DCA in 2007 and the developments with drugs trafficking situation in the country. The journalists’ questions were answered by the DCA Director, UNODC project Coordinator and the representative of the Federal Service of Narco-control of Russian Federation in Tajikistan.
On 12 January, DCA annual meeting was conducted by the DCA leadership to discuss operational results achieved in 2007. In 2007 the DCA have seized a total of 1213 kg of drugs, including 415 kg of heroin, 449 kg of opium and 346 kg of cannabis in Tajikistan. Apart from that over one tone of drugs were seized as a result of joint operations and more than one tone of drugs were seized by the liaison officers in cooperation with the Afghan counterparts in Afghanistan.
Following the project extension for another three years the Director of the DCA has requested to reprofile and evaluate personnel performance/achievements of all DCA staff including regional branches and define shortcomings in terms of training, equipment, staffing, etc. Each DCA officer was interviewed by the Interview Panel including the Director of the DCA, H03 Project Coordinator, Project Manager and Heads of operational departments. Recommendations were made on each officer’s performance. As of today, officers of DCA HQ and regional branches including Kurgon-Teppa, Kulob and Khujand were assessed. Khorog and Panjakent regional branches will be assessed when the weather permits.
10843/08 ZH/tas 39 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Several meetings were organized with counterparts and donor countries representatives to: - Update on the project developments; - Discuss future funding; - Coordinate activities and avoid overlapping of implementation; and - Discuss DCA K9 equipment issue and support for the creation of a national training centre.
Brief reports of these meetings are available upon request.
50 % of internet network payment for 2008 for the DCA departments/units was covered by the project. Another 50% is covered from the DCA national budget. This 50% cut was made to support DCA on its way to smoothly become a self sustainable agency and be able to attract more funds to its national budget.
On 12-16 March, a joint meeting was organized for the Mobile Teams representatives of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to (i) develop an action plan of possible joint activities along the Tajik – Kyrgyz border; (ii) share gained experience; and (iii) create a human networking and improve contacts. Achieving these objectives should assist in gaining better results. Deputy Head of DCA regional branch for Sogd province and Head of Mountain Badakhshan regional branch joined this mission to discuss joint activities in Murgab-Saritash area with the Head of DCA Kyrgyzstan southern branch.
On 19 March, assessment mission was organized to the DCA Regional branch in Khatlon province to select appropriate premise for the creation of Forensic Laboratory. The most suitable premise has been selected and UNODC engineer will prepare necessary reconstruction specifications to be followed by a tender announcement.
TAJ/E24 “Strengthening control along the Tajik/Afghan border”
Based on the request of the Main Department of Border Forces SCNS RT and in line with the Objective Two of the project document on strengthening the capacities of the border outposts in the Shurabad direction, the project has procured 1000 blankets for Shurabad Border Command of the Main Department of Border Forces SCNS RT.
10843/08 ZH/tas 40 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The project has conducted two-day workshop on operative search activities for the newly established Mobile Deployment Team at the Anti-drug Smuggling Department MOI with involvement of experts from DEA and Russian Border Guards and etc; primarily sharing their experience on how to carry out operational search activities along the border areas. Training for Border Guards and Customs officers on intelligence analysis and search and inspection techniques is planned for April and May 2008.
With support of ROCA, the project has procured and currently delivering some specific uniforms for the newly established Mobile Deployment Team at the Anti-drug Smuggling Department of the Ministry of Interior. The first UNODC support grant has also been paid to competitively recruited officers for the month of January 2008.
The project staff has been working on developing the design, scheme and estimation of volume of renovation works for the renovation of Anti-Drug Smuggling Department premises of the MOI. Possible implementation of this sub project is currently under discussion with a representative of a project donor country.
At the multilateral level there are also a number of projects funded by the European Commission.
The fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse is a top priority for Europe. In particular, the EU Drugs Strategy 2005-2012 has been endorsed by the European Council in December 2004. The Strategy highlights the importance of assistance to Third Countries and to Central Asia as a key area.
The overall objective of the EU Drug Action Programme in Central Asia (CADAP) is to foster a development-oriented drug control strategy in Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction of drug consumption and trafficking in line with European Commission drug strategies:
- a public health approach to drug demand; - an interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking.
10843/08 ZH/tas 41 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN A legal assistance project has been implemented under CADAP by UNODC. The project has introduced or amended legislation in all 5 Central Asian countries. The project has also built capacities of judges and prosecutors through study tours to Europe, provision of equipment and regional conferences.
Current work on public health strategies comprises three projects:
- Drug Prevention in Prisons; - Policy advice through establishment of Drug Information Systems (DAMOS Project); - National media information campaigns on substance abuse (MEDISSA Project).
Current work on drug trafficking comprises three projects:
- Establishment of multi-Agency drug profiling units at airports and seaports, and analogous units for green border road and rail control; - Strengthening of forensic lab capacities for sample analysis to be coordinated with the CARICC in Almaty; - Provision of equipment and training.
A Resource Centre for non-confidential data collection and exchange on drug demand and supply has been set up and equipped at the Ministry of Health. This resource is part of an information network whose members have been trained under the CADAP programme to foster a public health approach to drug demand.
Drug and Explosive detecting dogs and handlers have been trained in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan and are now deployed at BCPs and airports throughout the country. Additional support for the dog teams has included provision of dog food for one year, vehicles and associated equipment.
A Centre for Drug Detecting Dogs has been constructed in Khorog, complete with veterinary treatment facilities, classroom and training area. The centre is a satellite to a main centre in Dushanbe’ and is for re-training and treatment of dogs usually deployed at BCPs in GBAO.
10843/08 ZH/tas 42 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In addition, the EC has allocated significant funds for other complementary program, namely BOMCA (Border Management in Central Asia), which has an accumulated budget of 25.655 million euros for the period 2002-2010. This project complements the CADAP projects concerned with a reduction of cross-border trafficking of drugs.
A Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) has been established at Khujand airport. The Unit has been fully furnished and equipped and the multi-agency staff has been trained. Additional DPUs at railways stations and at another airport are planned for 2007-8. The current phase of CADAP, CADAP 4, is the last (as of April 2008). However, Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development will in future be included in BOMCA. Precursor interdiction is introduced as a new element in BOMCA in an attempt to decrease the supply of chemicals entering Afghanistan for heroin production. IBM training will be provided by the ICMPD for border management agencies in all five countries.
At the bilateral level we could refer to the following important initiatives:
France continues to develop its educational activity in the field of fighting the precursors trafficking in Central Asia. In this framework, a two-week training course for law enforcement officers from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan will take place by the end of the year.
The German BKA cooperates with Tajik counter-narcotics law enforcement through its Drug Liaison Officer in Dushanbe’. The main task of the DLO is to improve co-operation in counter- narcotics enforcement between BKA and Tajik law enforcement agencies, in particular DCA. In this framework, BKA will provide DCA with technical equipment and an officer from DCA will spend six months in Germany in 2008 in order to take part in a training session. Germany is also involved in Operation TARCET (a time-bound operation focusing on the illicit trafficking of acetic anhydride in Afghanistan and in neighbouring countries launched by UNODC and the International Narcotics Control Board) as a mentor country in Tajikistan. Other Paris Pact partners are also involved in this initiative, among them France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, etc.
10843/08 ZH/tas 43 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Following a decision of the 2007 Madrid Ministerial Council called for more intensive efforts by the OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) to enhance engagement with Afghanistan, the Organization elaborated and adopted three projects, aimed at strengthening Tajikistan's management and border security (total budget 183,000 euros).
The OSCE and Tajikistan are also discussing establishing a Border Management Staff College in the country, an OSCE centre that would focus on regional border management.
Turkey continues to maintain its central role in professional training of the law enforcement officials in Central Asia through the activity of Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime (TADOC). In the period between 2000-2007, 79 Tajik law enforcement personnel participated in the training programs organized by TADOC.
The UK’s on-going assistance to Tajikistan includes:
EU BOMCA: Approximately £2 million complementary funding in two phases (2005-08) for work on the Tajik/Afghan border (virtually completed):
· Construction of border control infrastructure at Darvoz, Khorog and Ishkashim; · Provision of equipment to the Tajik Border Services (vehicles, communications, generators, x-ray machines); · Training of frontline Border Service staff; · Strengthening of drug dog capacity – 16 drug detection dogs, 2 explosive detecting dogs and their handlers trained; · Repairs to Tajik Border Force HQ; · Renovation of four border outposts;
10843/08 ZH/tas 44 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN EU BOMBAF (Border Management Programme in Badakshan Province): £500,000 to competent BOMCA work (on-going):
· Construction of border control infrastructure in Afghanistan opposite Darvoz, Khorog and Iskhashim; · Provision of equipment for mobile teams and border outposts; · Training of Afghan Border Force personnel.
UNODC: $50,000 contribution to F23 (phase III) project (on-going):
· Transforming the Tajik DCA into a “competence center” for regional intelligence analysis and networking; · Training of Afghans by the DCA in intelligence analysis and forensics.
EMBASSY BPB: $7,000 (2007-08)
· Provision of video-conferencing facilities for DCA and its regional offices; · English language training for law enforcement officers.
Since 2000, the United States government has provided over 70 million $ in assistance to Tajikistan through INL (The Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs), DOD and EXBS (US Export and Border Security). In 2008 the US continues its activity in the framework of the US Law Enforcement and Narcotics Assistance Program for Tajikistan (average annual budget of $8 million) as following:
1. IMPROVING BORDER SECURITY
Afghanistan Border · U.S. sector of responsibility encompasses 17 Afghanistan border control posts (zastava) and border crossing points (KPP) following the Pyanj River to the border with Uzbekistan. Funded by Departments of State and Defense.
10843/08 ZH/tas 45 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN · Using UNODC as an implementer, the U.S. agreed to fund renovation of six posts. Bakhorak and Bog are completed. Sari Gor is in process. Shogun is in planning stage. The UN said that Yol and Yakshik Pun are done. Approximately $300,000 additional funding will be allocated to UNODC for 2008.
· U.S.-built-Nizhny Pyanj is operational and the regular customs facility is completed. The commercial customs facility is under development.
· Three posts are contracted by CENTCOM and construction is to begin: Ribhoz (previously Moskovskiy 8), Sayod (previously Moskovskiy 7), and Kokul (previously Moskovskiy 1.)
· Three posts remain to be renovated: Khirmanjo, Mjhojirobod (previously Moskovskiy 5) and Jairali (previously Moskovskiy 6). In addition, one brigade HQ (otryad) at Shurabad remains to be renovated. These will be completed in the coming two years.
China and Kyrgz Republic border · Planning and coordination is underway to reconstruct a regional DCA and Border Guard joint operations center in Murghab as well as contribute with other donors to rehabilitation of Kulyma border crossing point with China and Kizilar border crossing point with the Kyrgyz Republic. · This program will be cross-coordinated with other international donors.
Academy and Training Institutions · $2.1 million to renovate the Border Guard Academy. Second year of a two year program. · $250,000 for continued renovation of advanced and specialized training facilities at the MVD Academy. · On-site training manager to assess and prepare revisions to curriculum and training regimes (see multi-vector point.) · $300, 000 for KNB and Border Guard Analytical Center technical assistance and staff development
10843/08 ZH/tas 46 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN 2. JUSTICE SECTOR REFORM
· U.S. is allocating $500,000 for an attorney program manager and other program implementation expenses to facilitate legal, effective prosecution of criminals while protecting rights of the accused. · Primary focus is on revision of the Criminal Procedures Code. · Further outreach to promote judicial and procuracy reform, indigent defense, and secular law. Funding TBD.
3. Multi-Vector Law Enforcement and Security Programs
· $200,000 for a resident law enforcement training manager to assess and prepare revisions to curriculum and training regimes in the MVD, BG, DCA, KNB. · $450,000 for Community Policing – building trust and developing communication between citizens, advocacy groups, and the police. Includes a mentor and development of pilot citizen-police focus groups. · $200,000 for MVD Forensics Training and Equipment program to improve operations, not for the academy. · Small programs in anti-trafficking. · Small grants for demand reduction to local non-governmental organizations to get the message out.
4. Counter-Narcotics · $2 million for DCA salary supplements to cover approximately three years expenses. · $400,000 for training of MVD officers in traditional police work and counter-narcotics. Includes a significant component for English language training.
10843/08 ZH/tas 47 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN 5. Communications
· Harris communications project expanded to complete requirements and link police, border guards, and military. Approximately $1.0 million in additional upgrades and equipment this year. Focus is on Border Guards and National Guard · Same concept as the Central Asia Regional Intelligence Center to enhance regional interoperability for CN/CT joint operational capacity.
In 2007 Italy provided to UNODC a total contribution of 4 million euros. The UNODC ongoing projects earmarked by Italy that include Tajikistan as targeted country are:
- GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II”; - GLO/E69 – “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”; - GLO/R35 – “Strengthening the Legal Regime against Terrorism”; - GLO/900 - “Legal Advisory Programme”; - RAC/I29 “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable population in Central Asia”; - RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”; - RER/F23 - “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”; - RER/F60 - “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”; - RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”; - RER/H36 – “Drug Demand Reduction and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Policy Advice to the Central Asian Governments”; - RER/H37 – “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”; - TAJ/H03 “Tajikistan Drug Control Agency (DCA)”.
10843/08 ZH/tas 48 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In 2008, Italian DCSA (Central Department for Counter-narcotics Activities) will continue to support the “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel” through the supply of trainers.
Moreover, the DCSA is supporting counter-narcotics efforts in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan through police to police cooperation within the framework of on-going bilateral Agreements.
10843/08 ZH/tas 49 ANNEX 1 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX
ANNEX 2
Assistance activities to Uzbekistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Uzbekistan)
3. Enumeration of major bilateral and multilateral CN programs
At the multilateral level there is a number of UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia counter- narcotics projects at national and regional level.
During the mini Dublin Group meeting the UNODC Regional Representative for Central Asia gave update on the following most important projects:
GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II – A partnership to counter traffic in and consumption of Afghan opiates”
Training at Tajik DCA for LE agencies of Tajikistan is planned to take place in mid April. Regional Monitoring Expert had a meeting with Head of National Center of Drug Control (NCDC) of Uzbekistan. As a result of discussions NCDC agreed to provide statistics on Individual Drug Seizures to UNODC ROCA.
GLO/900 “Legal Advisory Programme”
On 26-28 March 2008, in the framework of this project, the relevant provisions of the UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) as well as best practices in areas of international legal cooperation, extradition, asset forfeiture and recovery were presented in the UNODC’s Regional Workshop to Promote the Ratification and Implementation of the UNCAC held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. The workshop assessed the status of implementation of the UNCAC, identified implementation gaps and technical assistance needs to fill such gaps, and allowed the participants (senior law-enforcement officers and other officials of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) to share good anti-corruption policies and practices.
10843/08 ZH/tas 50 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN On 14-15 May 2008 a joint UNODC/OSCE workshop on promoting law enforcement and judicial cooperation among source, transit and destination countries to combat human trafficking and migrant smuggling to and from Central Asia will be held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Judicial and law enforcement practitioners from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation, Israel, Turkey, Thailand, UAE and USA will participate in it. Objectives of the workshop are to strengthen the capacities of national criminal justice systems and promote improved international co-operation and information exchange between investigative agencies, police, migration bodies and central authorities of participating countries in combating human trafficking and smuggling of migrants.
GLO/E69 “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”
The responses on the questionnaire “M&E of National Drug Dependence Treatment Services” were received from the MoH and narcological organizations that provide drug dependence services and treatment in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Georgia and Armenia. Annual data and the report on treatment demand and HIV among drug users (Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) was translated into English.
RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”
Precursor interdiction operational activities planning meetings were held with concerned law enforcement authorities of Uzbekistan (Tashkent, 15 January), Turkmenistan (Ashgabat, 17 January), Kazakhstan (Astana, 21 January), Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek, 23 January) and Tajikistan (Dushanbe, 25 January).
RER/F23 “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”
F23 project revision was signed by Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are expected to sign the revision soon.
10843/08 ZH/tas 51 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN On March 12, H03 project Coordinator provided a lecture to the Ministry of Interior's Mobile Units at the Drug Department (MVD Tajikistan). He lectured about criminal intelligence analysis, Intelligence Cycle and gave a presentation on the current opiate situation in Afghanistan and how it affects heroin abuse market world wide.
RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Delivery Techniques”
Two technical experts from Russian Federal Drug Control Service conducted their mission to Azerbaijan and through Central Asia to assess the needs of LEAs in specialized equipment to be used during the controlled deliveries. They had meetings with the Chiefs of Counter-Narcotics Departments and Technical units of respective LEAs of each country. Technical experts developed list of specialized equipment, specifications and tender documents to proceed with procurement. Project team will initiate procurement process.
RER/F60 “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”
In Tajikistan, CBT sites were set up at the Border Guards detachments (Khudjand and Nizhniy Pyandj). 12 computer sets and LAN were installed and training managers were trained. One more CBT site set up at Ishkashim, Tajik Border Guards detachment along Tajik – Afghan border (5 computers installed with CBT programme, training manager trained).
In Uzbekistan, five sets of computer equipment were handed over to Border Guards for use at Hayraton checkpoint.
Final reports under BOMCA 4 CBT Project in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan completed and submitted to BOMCA office in Bishkek.
10843/08 ZH/tas 52 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/H37 “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”
UNODC supported the UN essay competition on MDG goals for students. The essays on HIV/AIDS topics sent to the competition were screened and reviewed by the project staff in order to select the first round winners. Winners were awarded with valuable gifts at the ceremony on February 5, 2008.
At the multilateral level there are also a number of projects funded by the European Commission.
The fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse is a top priority for Europe. In particular, the EU Drugs Strategy 2005-2012 has been endorsed by the European Council in December 2004. The Strategy highlights the importance of assistance to Third Countries and to Central Asia as a key area.
The overall objective of the EU Drug Action Programme in Central Asia (CADAP) is to foster a development-oriented drug control strategy in Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction of drug consumption and trafficking in line with European Commission drug strategies:
- a public health approach to drug demand; - an interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking.
A legal assistance project has been implemented under CADAP by UNODC. The project has introduced or amended legislation in all 5 Central Asian countries. The project has also built capacities of judges and prosecutors through study tours to Europe, provision of equipment and regional conferences.
Current work on public health strategies comprises three projects: - Drug Prevention in Prisons; - Policy advice through establishment of Drug Information Systems (DAMOS Project);
10843/08 ZH/tas 53 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN - National media information campaigns on substance abuse (MEDISSA Project).
Current work on drug trafficking comprises three projects:
- Establishment of multi-Agency drug profiling units at airports and seaports, and analogous units for green border road and rail control; - Strengthening of forensic lab capacities for sample analysis to be coordinated with the CARICC in Almaty; - Provision of equipment and training.
Drug and Explosive detecting dogs and handlers have been trained in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan and are now deployed at BCPs and airports throughout the country. Additional support for the dog teams has included provision of dog food for one year, vehicles and associated equipment. A Centre for Drug Detecting Dogs has been constructed in Khorog, complete with veterinary treatment facilities, classroom and training area. The centre is a satellite to a main centre in Dushanbe and is for re-training and treatment of dogs usually deployed at BCPs in GBAO.
In addition, the EC has allocated significant funds for other complementary program, namely BOMCA (Border Management in Central Asia), which has an accumulated budget of 25.655 million euros for the period 2002-2010. This project complements the CADAP projects concerned with a reduction of cross-border trafficking of drugs.
A Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) has been established at Khujand airport. The Unit has been fully furnished and equipped and the multi-agency staff has been trained. Additional DPUs at railways stations and at another airport are planned for 2007-8. The current phase of CADAP, CADAP 4, is the last (as of April 2008). However, Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development will in future be included in BOMCA. Precursor interdiction is introduced as a new element in BOMCA in an attempt to decrease the supply of chemicals entering Afghanistan for heroin production. IBM training will be provided by the ICMPD for border management agencies in all five countries.
10843/08 ZH/tas 54 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN At the bilateral level we could refer to the following important initiatives:
The United States government has provided approximately 7 million USD in assistance to Uzbekistan through INL (The Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs). In 2007 the US Embassy in Tashkent purchased and constructed modular shelters and provided furniture at several border checkpoints, thereby allowing Uzbek Border Guards to more efficiently control and prevent movement of drug smugglers.
Under the INL agreement signed between Uzbekistan and US in 2001, the US organized a specialized training course conducted by the US Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) for the Counter- Narcotics Contraband Enforcement Team. CBP also trained Uzbek Customs officers in river and railroad operations and held a training to Uzbek officials on safety, examining vessels, container examination, observational techniques, railroad operations etc. CPB also conducted an assessment of the Uzbekistan Customs Institute and its training curriculum.
In 2007, the US Embassy purchased and delivered to the Main Forensic Laboratory of the Ministry of Health technical equipment, including a generator for establishing a constant power back-up. The US will continue implementing equipment upgrades in the next year and the US experts will conduct training for local counterparts in this USD 400,000 project.
The US Embassy is actively involved in the UNODC activity in the country. It is funding two important projects: 1) AD/UZB/J49 “Strengthening of the Termez River Port Checkpoint on the Uzbek-Afghan Border” and 2) AD/XAC/J02 “Enhancing Cross-Border Cooperation along the Uzbekistan-Tajikistan Border through the Establishment of Border Liaison Offices”.
In 2008 the US will plan 200 rechargeable “Vulcan” flashlights and 200 “Leatherman” utility toolkits under the INL agreement. In addition, based on a US CBP recommendation, the equipment will be transferred to officers of the Uzbek Customs Committee assigned to border area, particularly in Surkhandarya Province.
10843/08 ZH/tas 55 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN France continues to develop its educational activity in the field of fighting the precursors trafficking in Central Asia. In this framework, a two-week training course for law enforcement officers from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan will take place by the end of the year. On-going assistance includes also:
- two study tours to France, for two prosecutors on rehabilitation and treatment of people with abuse problems and for two police officers; - police to police co-operation, in particular, in the field of the prevention of terrorist acts.
The German BKA cooperates with Uzbek counter-narcotics law enforcement through its Drug Liaison Officer in Tashkent. The main task of the DLO is to provide operational support to the local law enforcement services regarding investigations with apparent links to Germany.
Turkey continues to maintain its central role in professional training of the law enforcement officials in Central Asia through the activity of Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime (TADOC). In the period between 2000-2007, 49 Uzbek law enforcement personnel participated in the training programs organized by TADOC.
In 2007 Italy provided to UNODC a total contribution of 4 million euros. The UNODC projects earmarked by Italy that include Uzbekistan as targeted country are:
- GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II”; - GLO/E69 – “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”; - GLO/R35 – “Strengthening the Legal Regime against Terrorism”; - GLO/900 - “Legal Advisory Programme”; - RAC/I29 “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable population in Central Asia”; - RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”; - RER/F23 - “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”;
10843/08 ZH/tas 56 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN - RER/F60 - “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”; - RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”; - RER/H36 – “Drug Demand Reduction and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Policy Advice to the Central Asian Governments”; - RER/H37 – “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”.
Along with this Italy, through the DCSA (Central Department for Counter-narcotics Activities), provided in-kind contribution to two projects implemented by UNODC in Uzbekistan in 2007:
- RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Deliveries Techniques”; - XAC/I97 – “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel”.
In 2008, Italian DCSA will continue to support the “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel” through the supply of trainers.
Moreover, the DCSA is supporting counter-narcotics efforts in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan through police to police cooperation within the framework of on-going bilateral Agreements.
10843/08 ZH/tas 57 ANNEX 2 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX
ANNEX 3 Assistance activities to Kazakhstan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Kazakhstan)
3. Enumeration of major bilateral and multilateral CN programs
At the multilateral scale there is a number of UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia counter- narcotics projects on national and regional levels.
At the regional level we could refer to the following most important projects:
RER/H22 - "Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center" (CARICC).
Currently six Member states (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) out of seven have signed the Agreement on the establishment of CARICC, Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre. The signature of the President of the Russian Federation is still outstanding. The formal Agreement will enter into force when four countries have ratified. Turkmenistan recently ratified and other countries are in process of doing so.
The Kazakh Government has vacated the identified part of building for CARICC and turned it over to UNODC (4 floors of an 8 storey building). A scope of work assessment has taken place with the support of the Buildings Management Section, and as consequence the tender process necessary for the renovation is nearing completion. It is anticipated that renovation will take 7 to 8 months.
In order to have the Centre established without further delays, during the mini-Dublin Group meeting in May 2007 in Astana, an initiative to start the pilot phase of the project was proposed. Following the consultations with project donors and the participating countries, a pilot phase was finally launched on November 1, 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 58 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN At present a temporary staff has been appointed and the issue of the venue refurbishment and equipment are being finalized.
The interview process for the recruitment of a number of key posts for the pilot phase took place between 2 and 4 October in Almaty. Following a detailed screening process a number of staff members were appointed, including a senior law enforcement officer from Kyrgyzstan as Deputy Director.
It was agreed by the participating countries that the first Director of CARICC would be from the host country, Kazakhstan, and that the person would retain the post for the first two years of operation. The President of Kazakhstan subsequently designated Lieutenant-General Beksultan Sarsekov to be the Director. Since 2002 he has been the First Deputy Chairman of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Anti-Terrorist Centre in Moscow.
The authorities in Kazakhstan have made available six rooms within the Ministry of Interior Immigration department to be used as temporary accommodation for the pilot phase staff. The accommodation is adequate until renovation of the main building has been completed.
Since the start of the pilot phase a series of information bulletins regarding drug seizures and smuggling trends have been issued by the Centre.
Given the international significance of CARICC a significant support from Europol and Interpol as well as other organizations is being expected. It has been agreed that Interpol will have an office within the Centre and that the Interpol I-24/7 encrypted communications system will be provided to CARICC. Both Interpol and Europol have offered support with regard to the training of CARICC staff. In regard to the funding, the total approved budget is $ 6,509,500. Total pledges $ 6.923,121. The main donors include Canada, Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, UK and USA. The Czech Republic is preparing to pledge around $300,000 and the EC has expressed an interest.
10843/08 ZH/tas 59 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Through INL, the US indicated an additional $2 million pledge to the project (not included in the above figure). US CENTCOM is also providing a $1.4 million contribution to be used for procurement of equipment for the Centre. The project will be revised shortly to extend its duration (presumably until 2010 – 2011) and to support activities of the Centre for a longer period.
GLO/J33 - “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II – A partnership to counter traffic in and consumption of Afghan opiates”
This project is meant to facilitate the follow-up to the first and second Ministerial Conferences on Drug Trafficking Routes from Afghanistan, which were held in Paris and Moscow in May 2003 and June 2006, respectively. It aims to positively impact on the drug situation in priority countries along the Afghan opiates trafficking routes through a concerted identification of problem areas (both geographically and substantively) and actions required to address them, as well as through coordination of counter narcotics technical assistance. To achieve these objectives, a consultative mechanism and an internet-based automated donor assistance database (ADAM – www.paris-pact.net) are continued from phase I (project number GLO/IO5) but reinforced in this phase through lessons learnt (e.g. external evaluation report). This second phase of the Paris Pact is brought in line with the UNODC Regional Strategic Paper for Central and West Asia, and as agreed at the Paris Pact Policy Consultative Group Meeting held in Vienna on Monday 27 November 2006, will aim to be even more successful and operationally- oriented by: (i) improving the operational focus of the consultative mechanism; (ii) ensuring a more efficient/effective follow-up to the Paris Pact recommendations; (iii) ensuring wider use and sustainability of ADAM; (iv) strengthening of analytical capacities; (v) advocating a balanced approach to drug issues; and (vi) fostering partnerships with sub-regional, regional and international players.
10843/08 ZH/tas 60 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/E29 – “Precursors Control in Central Asia”
The original project was designed to review status of precursors control measures in Central Asian countries; identify problems of illicit diversion from international trade, manufacture, and from domestic distribution, and to establish adequate licit control mechanisms. Consequently this project focused on strengthening legislation, structures and human capabilities of the regulatory, Customs, scientific personnel and enforcement agencies, and on improving regional cooperation between relevant national agencies. With the project and its first revision having established a functioning licit control structure in Central Asia, it is now evident that precursor chemicals are predominantly trafficked through neighbouring countries, including Central Asia, into Afghanistan. Therefore, and in line with UNODC’s regional strategy for West and Central Asia, Paris Pact recommendations and findings of the mid-term project evaluation, this project revision shifts focus on measures in support of improved law enforcement operations against illicit smuggling of precursors in the region. Technical assistance will be provided to Customs and Border Guards at strategic border checkpoints and to mobile units to raise their precursor control/interception results. This project’s inter-regional action will reach out beyond Central Asia and improve precursor control cooperation with Afghanistan, Pakistan, China and Russia.
XAC/I97 - “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel”
This project is designed to assist the NATO-Russia Council to deliver high-quality, professional law enforcement training to mid-level counter-drug officers of Afghanistan and the five Central Asian counties in order to help them combat the threat of trafficking in opiates within and through their territories. There is an ongoing need for professional training in modern drug control and law enforcement techniques in West and Central Asia. This need has been recognized by the NATO- Russia Council, subsequent to an expert group meeting on Central Asia that took place in November 2004. On 8 December 2006, the NATO-Russia Council (NRC) decided to implement a mid-level drug control training pilot project in Central Asia and Afghanistan. The NRC approached UNODC’s Regional Office for Central Asia to implement the project.
10843/08 ZH/tas 61 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The training will be provide by mobile training teams travelling to each country as well as in fixed training facilities in Russia and Turkey. UNODC will assist NATO experts to develop the curricula of the mobile training teams and organize the logistical support to the trainers and trainees.
RER/F23 “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence, information and data collection, analysis and exchange”
This project has improved criminal intelligence collection and information management capacities, and established mechanisms for exchange, receipt and dissemination of information between drug control bodies. Specialized equipment and criminal intelligence analysis software have been provided by the project, along with basic training.
RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Delivery Techniques”
UNODC launched the project that will assist the Memorandum of Understanding Member States (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russia and Azerbaijan) to set up and/or develop national mechanisms and capacities to carry out controlled deliveries. This is expected to enhance the capacity of law enforcement agencies in the region to dismantle the criminal networks involved in illicit drug trafficking. The project assists the MOU Member States to improve their ability to detect sources and destinations of drug shipments, as well as to identify national, regional and international trafficking routes.
In February 2007 there was training in Russian Advanced Training Institute of Domodedovo on Controlled Delivery Techniques for heads of counter narcotics departments of Central Asian countries including Kazakhstan.
RAC/I29 – “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable populations in Central Asia”
The project was launched by decision of the UNODC and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Fund for International Development to sign on March 17, 2006 a $ 4 million project. The project started activity implementation after it was signed by the Kazakh Ministry of Health in March 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 62 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In May 2007, the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Justice appointed focal points and national experts to the groups on national legislation review, professional standards and curricula upgrade.
Currently all three groups work according to Terms of reference and workplans. National experts groups on professional standards and curricula upgrade just attended the consultative workshops in Bishkek (October 2-5, 2007) and Almaty (October 22-24, 2007).
At the national level we could refer to the following most important projects:
KAZ/I76 - “Strengthening drug and related crime control measures in selected checkpoints in Kazakhstan”.
The project was agreed upon in order to increase the efficiency of drug and related crime control measures in Kazakhstan. The project related activities were coordinated by the Tripartite Meeting between representatives of Counter Narcotics Agency of Ministry of Interior of Kazakhstan, US Embassy and UNODC.
At the multilateral level there is also a number of projects funded by the European Commission.
In particular, the fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse is a top priority for Europe. The EU Drugs Strategy 2005-2012 has been endorsed by the European Council in December 2004. The Strategy highlights the importance of assistance to Third Countries and to Central Asia as a key area.
The EC-funded Central Asia Drug Action Programme (CADAP), which is based on the Partnership and Co-operation Agreements the EC has signed with countries of the region, was adopted by the European Council in mid-February 2000. CADAP is implemented in all five Central Asian Republics.
10843/08 ZH/tas 63 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The overall objective of the EU Drug Action Programme in Central Asia (CADAP) is to foster a development-oriented drug control strategy in Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction of drug consumption and trafficking in line with European Commission drug strategies:
· A public health approach to drug demand · An interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking
Current work on public health strategies comprises three projects:
- Drug Prevention in Prisons; - Policy advice through establishment of Drug Information Systems (DAMOS Project); - National media information campaigns on substance abuse (MEDISSA Project).
Current work on drug trafficking comprises three projects:
· Establishment of multi-Agency drug profiling units at airports and seaports, and analogous units for green border road and rail control · Strengthening of forensic lab capacities for sample analysis to be coordinated with the CARICC in Almaty · Provision of equipment and training.
Brief Outline on counter-drug activities in Kazakhstan:
Project DPU: Drug Profiling Units
The European Union programme “Central Asia Drug Action Programme” (CADAP) implemented by UNDP aims at a gradual adoption by beneficiary authorities of EU good practices in the field of drug policies and covers both supply and demand reduction aspects.
10843/08 ZH/tas 64 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN To achieve this objective, a multi disciplinary approach is privileged as well as the fostering of cooperation at the national and regional level. Adopting modern drug law enforcement tactics and operational techniques is crucial and the establishment of Drug Profiling Units is one of the key components of CADAP.
Drug Profiling Units (DPUs) have both operational and analytical activities. Promotion of multi- agency cooperation will increase effectiveness of drug control while reducing opportunities for corruption. Searching and analytical capacities will be enhanced. Implementation of methodologies on “risk analysis” will maximize the chance of detection of drug but at the same time minimize the disruption of circulation of persons and goods.
In a final workshop with participation of international experts on the 17. of March 2008 in Astana it was agreed to implement the project, with the Border Guards, National Security, National Committee for Combating Drug of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Customs Committee.
The project objective is to establish eight multi-agency DPUs in Kazakhstan – starting at Astana International Airport.
The project will provide renovation/ infrastructure for the Drug Profiling Unit at the Airport Astana.
The project will provide office equipment including drug and precursor testing kits and search tools. Equipment is to be delivered before the implementation of field training in order that practical tuition in their use can be incorporated.
The project will implement on site training at each new DPU. The training activity will include consolidation of the work done under CADAP 2 by re-training staff of the DPUs established under that project. The project will also organize one regional DPU seminar; the project will organize one study tour for national DPU staff to observe the operation of DPUs in the EU. The implementation partner and Experts are from the Belgian Federal Criminal Police.
10843/08 ZH/tas 65 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Project DAMOS: Drug Abuse Monitoring System
The objective of the project is to gradually develop in the country a sustained drug epidemiology capacity coherent with EMCDDA guidelines and with a view to facilitate the formulation of drugs policy
CADAP 4 will put special emphasis on:
· reinforcing epidemiologic indicators; · reinforcing the capacity to collect and analyze drug abuse data; · ensuring the institutionalization of the focal points.
In order to reinforce the relevance of the indicator called “drug abuse related death”, the assessment of the toxicological laboratories attached to the Ministries of Health took place in 2007.
The project will advocate for the reinforcement of the institutionalization of the National Focal Points.
The staff of the NFPs will be (re)trained on early warning system, drug crime indicator and recommendation on drug policy, with a specific focus on combating drug trafficking and drug abuse by young persons; training will be practical focusing on a specialized issue and organized at national and regional levels; Training will include: data analysis, MS Office “Epinfo” software, management of “Information maps”, EMCDDA standard tables and general analytical skills.
The project will also continue to provide support to national experts in charge of drafting their Annual National Report on Drugs. National drug reports should not be seen as a goal in themselves but as a means to reinforce national capacity to collect and analyze drug data.
10843/08 ZH/tas 66 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Project MEDISSA: Drug abuse prevention with the media
A media campaign focused on the dangers of drug drugs abuse and its impact on HIV/AIDS could reduce both drug abuse and HIV infection rates.
Media campaigns are particularly effective if they result in greater public awareness and a demand for more in-depth information on drug and substance abuse and / or improved provision and access by drug users to public health services.
The objective of the project is to inform the general population of the risks of drug abuse and related HIV/AIDS infection.
The project is divided into three parts: the main activity will be the implementation of a media campaign in each CA country, preceded by a national workshop. At the end of the campaigns, a regional seminar will be organized to compare experience and share/ exchange best practices. The impact of the campaigns will be assessed against perception indicators (ante – post evaluation in representative sample of general population).
The project will organize training for journalists to raise awareness of their role in promoting the health and well being of vulnerable populations. In Kazakhstan two training sessions will be organized, one before and one after the media campaign, the aim is to provide knowledge and understanding of how media campaigns should be targeted and the messages they should convey. Press and radio / TV journalists will be included together with, where appropriate, representatives of health and education sectors and relevant NGOs.
Impact evaluation: the impact of the media campaign will be assessed through:
· Launching of a baseline survey of public awareness conducted before the media campaigns; · An assessment of public awareness in terms of perception of drug abuse risks and behavior, at the conclusion of the campaigns.
10843/08 ZH/tas 67 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The project will create / reinforce within each Ministry of Health an Information Service on Substance Abuse- “ISSA”. The role of the ISSAs will be to provide general information to the public about drugs, psychoactive substance and HIV/AIDS and available advice and treatment services. ISSAs will consist of three elements: a website, a hotline and a documentation service, all located within the Ministries of Health.
The future: BOMCA 7
The overall objectives of BOMCA 7 will be the same as for BOMCA 6; Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development will be included in BOMCA for the first time (previously it had been part of CADAP). Precursor interdiction is introduced as a new element in BOMCA in an attempt to decrease the supply of chemicals entering Afghanistan for heroin production. Drug profiling capacities will be enhanced at existing DPUs in all five countries. New DPUs will be established at airports, railway stations and BCPs in all five Central Asian republics.
BOMCA 7 will continue to adopt the ‘transit corridor’ approach to trade facilitation initiated under BOMCA 6 for three reasons:
· To maximize synergies with national and international efforts to promote inter-regional trade · Because approximately 70% of cross-border illegal trafficking occurs along established transit routes · Because the benefits in terms of increased customs revenues and increased interdiction of contraband resulting from adoption of IBM concepts and methodologies, will be more apparent at international BCPs where traffic flows are greatest.
At the bilateral level we could refer to the following most important initiatives:
10843/08 ZH/tas 68 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The United States counter-narcotics (CN) program is teamed up with the Kazakh Ministry of the Interior's Committee on Combating Narcotics and the UNODC, as a co-implementer, to construct checkpoints on major south-north traffic arteries to enable the Committee's officers to stop and inspect suspect vehicles. Simultaneously, the US works with the personnel of selected northern and southern border posts to provide training and equipment to identify and seize drugs and arrest drug traffickers. The US focuses its efforts in Kazakhstan to improve Border Guard capabilities on the land border with Uzbekistan and the Caspian.
The U.S. works with the Forensics Laboratory of the Ministry of Justice and provides scientific equipment to improve its capability to identify seized substances in a manner sufficiently professional so as to be admissible in court. Through a program to improve the collection of crime statistics with the Statistics Committee of the Office of the Procurator General, the U.S. is creating the capability to electronically collect and analyze information on arrests, seizures, etc.
The U.S. has ongoing bilateral programs with the Border Guards to provide specialized interdiction equipment and has provided grants to IOM to implement programs to improve security along the Kyrgyz and Uzbek borders with Kazakhstan. A regional training center in Saryagash, not far from Shymkent, has been established.
In addition, in September 2007, the fourth Additional Protocol to the Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of Kazakhstan and the United States of America was added. Within this MoU, the Ministry of Interior of Kazakhstan will receive 437 000 USD, of which 262 500 will be spend on the project for the fight against the human trafficking and 175 000 will be used for further improvement in the fight against illicit drug trade.
Canada provides funding to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime in support of the Afghanistan Counter Narcotics Program. Initiatives are focused on strengthening law enforcement and criminal justice measures in Afghanistan, but also promote regional cooperation and interdiction efforts (including with Central Asia). This funding is valued at $27M, and is available over two fiscal years 07-08 and 08-09. There are two specific UNODC projects that involve Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan:
10843/08 ZH/tas 69 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN 1) Precursors control in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) – RER/E29. National Canadian Allocation to the project amounts to USD 1.3M. 2) Establishment of CARICC (Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre) - RERH22. National Canadian Allocation: USD 1.5 M.
Kazakhstan cooperates with Turkey and received in 2007 a number of training programs offered by TADOC (Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime) in Ankara.
Japan also contributes to the cooperation against drug offences in the Central Asia, including Kazakhstan. Japanese specialists held a workshop on passive dog for drug prevention in 2005. In 2007 Japan organized trainings and seminars where one Kazakh and four Kyrgyz officers took part.
The cooperation between Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom is focused on the following initiatives:
- The Department for International Development (DfID) has a Central Asia Regional HIV/AIDS Project (CARHAP) which aims to reduce the risk of HIV being transmitted by high risk population categories (intravenous drug users, sex workers, prison population). It is a 5 year programme (2004-2009)with a budget of £5.4 million. It is a regional programme with activities in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. - English language training for Central Asian law enforcement officers; - UK support to the Good Neighborly Relations Declaration (GNRD) including UK-led UN counter-narcotics work in Afghanistan; promotion of GNRD issues in the EU and G8; regular lobbying of Kazakhstan to encourage support to the GNRD; - support to donor coordination and political lobbying on anti-money laundering work in Kazakhstan in view of the links between money laundering and drugs trafficking; - further work under consideration under the UK-Kazakhstan Memorandum of Understanding on Serious Crime (signed in November 2006).
10843/08 ZH/tas 70 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Kazakh cooperation with Germany is marked by a presence of a German Federal Criminal Police (BKA) liaison officer in Tashkent who maintains operative contacts with the Kazakh counter narcotics authorities. The German BKA is currently considering a possible posting of a DLO in Astana.
BKA is constantly administering trainings to Kazakh counter-drug authorities. From October the 1st to October the 6th, 2007 the Kazakh specialists took part in a seminar organized in Bishkek by the Federal Agency of Criminal Police of Germany for the Central Asian bodies involved in fight against the drug trafficking. The event was attended by representatives of police and special services of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.
In October 2008, a Ministerial Conference on ‘Border Management and Drug Control in Central Asia’ will take place in Dushanbe’ (Tajikistan). The European Commission (EC), UNODC, OSCE, Austria, Finland (OSCE Presidency), France and Germany are organizers and contributing partners.
The following outcomes are expected:
- message of international support for Central Asia; - reinforcement of the commitment of Central Asian states to regional cooperation; - definition of lead roles for the different stakeholders; - closer cooperation with regional organizations; - highlighting the EU Strategy on Central Asia and the strategies of UNODC and OSCE activities in the region; - establishing a mechanism of regular technical stakeholder meetings; - review of existing donor cooperation mechanisms; - commitment to establishing priorities and a concrete Partnership Plan on the basis of the future national strategies.
10843/08 ZH/tas 71 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In 2007 Italy provided to UNODC a total contribution of 4 million euros. The UNODC projects earmarked by Italy that include Kazakhstan as targeted country are:
- GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II”; - GLO/E69 – “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”; - GLO/R35 – “Strengthening the Legal Regime against Terrorism”; - GLO/900 - “Legal Advisory Programme”; - RAC/I29 “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable population in Central Asia”; - RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”; - RER/F23 - “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”; - RER/F60 - “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”; - RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”; - RER/H36 – “Drug Demand Reduction and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Policy Advice to the Central Asian Governments”; - RER/H37 – “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”.
In 2008, Italian DCSA (Central Department for Counter-narcotics Activities) will continue to support the “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel” through the supply of trainers.
10843/08 ZH/tas 72 ANNEX 3 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX
ANNEX 4 Assistance activities to Kyrgyzstan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Kyrgyzstan)
3. Enumeration of major bilateral and multilateral CN programs
At the multilateral scale there is a number of UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia counter- narcotics projects on national and regional levels.
At the regional level we could refer to the following most important projects:
RER/H22 - "Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center" (CARICC).
Currently six Member states (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) out of seven have signed the Agreement on the establishment of CARICC, Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre. The signature of the President of the Russian Federation is still outstanding. The formal Agreement will enter into force when four countries have ratified. Turkmenistan recently ratified and other countries are in process of doing so.
The Kazakh Government has vacated the identified part of building for CARICC and turned it over to UNODC (4 floors of an 8 storey building). A scope of work assessment has taken place with the support of the Buildings Management Section, and as consequence the tender process necessary for the renovation is nearing completion. It is anticipated that renovation will take 7 to 8 months.
In order to have the Centre established without further delays, during the mini-Dublin Group meeting in May 2007 in Astana, an initiative to start the pilot phase of the project was proposed. Following the consultations with project donors and the participating countries, a pilot phase was finally launched on November 1, 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 73 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN At present a temporary staff has been appointed and the issue of the venue refurbishment and equipment are being finalized.
The interview process for the recruitment of a number of key posts for the pilot phase took place between 2 and 4 October 2007 in Almaty. Following a detailed screening process a number of staff members were appointed, including a senior law enforcement officer from Kyrgyzstan as Deputy Director.
It was agreed by the participating countries that the first Director of CARICC would be from the host country, Kazakhstan, and that the person would retain the post for the first two years of operation. The President of Kazakhstan subsequently designated Lieutenant-General Beksultan Sarsekov to be the Director. Since 2002 he has been the First Deputy Chairman of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Anti-Terrorist Centre in Moscow.
The authorities in Kazakhstan have made available six rooms within the Ministry of Interior Immigration department to be used as temporary accommodation for the pilot phase staff. The accommodation is adequate until renovation of the main building has been completed.
Since the start of the pilot phase a series of information bulletins regarding drug seizures and smuggling trends have been issued by the Centre.
Given the international significance of CARICC a significant support from Europol and Interpol as well as other organizations is being expected. It has been agreed that Interpol will have an office within the Centre and that the Interpol I-24/7 encrypted communications system will be provided to CARICC. Both Interpol and Europol have offered support with regard to the training of CARICC staff. In regard to the funding, the total approved budget is $ 6,509,500. Total pledges $ 6.923,121. The main donors include Canada, Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, UK and USA. The Czech Republic is preparing to pledge around $300,000 and the EC has expressed an interest. Through INL, the US indicated an additional $2 million pledge to the project (not included in the above figure). US CENTCOM is also providing a $1.4 million contribution to be used for procurement of equipment for the Centre.
10843/08 ZH/tas 74 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The project will be revised shortly to extend its duration (presumably until 2010 – 2011) and to support activities of the Centre for a longer period.
GLO/J33 - “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II – A partnership to counter traffic in and consumption of Afghan opiates”
This project is meant to facilitate the follow-up to the first and second Ministerial Conferences on Drug Trafficking Routes from Afghanistan, which were held in Paris and Moscow in May 2003 and June 2006, respectively. It aims to positively impact on the drug situation in priority countries along the Afghan opiates trafficking routes through a concerted identification of problem areas (both geographically and substantively) and actions required to address them, as well as through coordination of counter narcotics technical assistance. To achieve these objectives, a consultative mechanism and an internet-based automated donor assistance database (ADAM – www.paris-pact.net) are continued from phase I (project number GLO/IO5) but reinforced in this phase through lessons learnt (e.g. external evaluation report). This second phase of the Paris Pact is brought in line with the UNODC Regional Strategic Paper for Central and West Asia, and as agreed at the Paris Pact Policy Consultative Group Meeting held in Vienna on Monday 27 November 2006, will aim to be even more successful and operationally- oriented by: (i) improving the operational focus of the consultative mechanism; (ii) ensuring a more efficient/effective follow-up to the Paris Pact recommendations; (iii) ensuring wider use and sustainability of ADAM; (iv) strengthening of analytical capacities; (v) advocating a balanced approach to drug issues; and (vi) fostering partnerships with sub-regional, regional and international players.
10843/08 ZH/tas 75 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/E29 – “Precursors Control in Central Asia”
The original project was designed to review status of precursors control measures in Central Asian countries; identify problems of illicit diversion from international trade, manufacture, and from domestic distribution, and to establish adequate licit control mechanisms. Consequently this project focused on strengthening legislation, structures and human capabilities of the regulatory, Customs, scientific personnel and enforcement agencies, and on improving regional cooperation between relevant national agencies. With the project and its first revision having established a functioning licit control structure in Central Asia, it is now evident that precursor chemicals are predominantly trafficked through neighbouring countries, including Central Asia, into Afghanistan. Therefore, and in line with UNODC’s regional strategy for West and Central Asia, Paris Pact recommendations and findings of the mid-term project evaluation, this project revision shifts focus on measures in support of improved law enforcement operations against illicit smuggling of precursors in the region. Technical assistance will be provided to Customs and Border Guards at strategic border checkpoints and to mobile units to raise their precursor control/interception results. This project’s inter-regional action will reach out beyond Central Asia and improve precursor control cooperation with Afghanistan, Pakistan, China and Russia.
XAC/I97 - “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel”
This project is designed to assist the NATO-Russia Council to deliver high-quality, professional law enforcement training to mid-level counter-drug officers of Afghanistan and the five Central Asian counties in order to help them combat the threat of trafficking in opiates within and through their territories. There is an ongoing need for professional training in modern drug control and law enforcement techniques in West and Central Asia. This need has been recognized by the NATO- Russia Council, subsequent to an expert group meeting on Central Asia that took place in November 2004. On 8 December 2006, the NATO-Russia Council (NRC) decided to implement a mid-level drug control training pilot project in Central Asia and Afghanistan. The NRC approached UNODC’s Regional Office for Central Asia to implement the project. The training will be provide by mobile training teams travelling to each country as well as in fixed training facilities in Russia and Turkey. UNODC will assist NATO experts to develop the curricula of the mobile training teams and organize the logistical support to the trainers and trainees.
10843/08 ZH/tas 76 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/F23 “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence, information and data collection, analysis and exchange”
This project has improved criminal intelligence collection and information management capacities, and established mechanisms for exchange, receipt and dissemination of information between drug control bodies. Specialized equipment and criminal intelligence analysis software have been provided by the project, along with basic training.
RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Delivery Techniques”
UNODC launched the project that will assist the Memorandum of Understanding Member States (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russia and Azerbaijan) to set up and/or develop national mechanisms and capacities to carry out controlled deliveries. This is expected to enhance the capacity of law enforcement agencies in the region to dismantle the criminal networks involved in illicit drug trafficking. The project assists the MOU Member States to improve their ability to detect sources and destinations of drug shipments, as well as to identify national, regional and international trafficking routes.
RAC/I29 – “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable populations in Central Asia”
The project was launched by decision of the UNODC and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Fund for International Development to sign on March 17, 2006 a $ 4 million project. The project started activity implementation after it was signed by the Kazakh Ministry of Health in March 2007. In May 2007, the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Justice appointed focal points and national experts to the groups on national legislation review, professional standards and curricula upgrade.
Currently all three groups work according to Terms of reference and workplans. National experts groups on professional standards and curricula upgrade just attended the consultative workshops in Bishkek (October 2-5, 2007) and Almaty (October 22-24, 2007).
10843/08 ZH/tas 77 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN At the national level we could refer to the following most important projects:
KYR/G64 – “Drug Control Agency in Kyrgyzstan”
This project aims at the improvement of interdiction capacities against illicit drug trafficking and related crimes in Kyrgyzstan, and a proportionate increase in drug enforcement operations resulting in subsequent major seizures and dismantling of organized trafficking and criminal networks through the creation of a specialized and progressively self-sustainable drug control agency.
This project provides the necessary expertise, resources, equipment and training to establish the DCA as a strong and well-equipped agency that is capable of taking the lead in national enforcement operations.
KGZ/I75 – “Establishment of Interagency Law Enforcement Mobile Groups in Kyrgyzstan”
The southern border of Kyrgyzstan is the main focus in relation to narcotic shipments. However, the Kyrgyz-Chinese border represents a very porous portal for precursors, currency and human trafficking.
In order to address this situation and to enhance interagency cooperation, this Project plans to create “Mobile Border Interdiction Teams" (MOBITs). In line with the Paris Pact recommendations to establish inter-agency mobile control capacities these teams comprise DCA officers, Ministry of Interior, Border Guards and Customs. A total of 10 teams are envisaged as ideal however this Project initially will only create and equip four teams on a pilot basis in line with existing border priorities, availability of qualified staff and funding. The project is scheduled for the period of 2007-2010.
10843/08 ZH/tas 78 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN KGZ/T16 - “Creating Demand for Accountability in Kyrgyzstan General Prosecutor’s Office”
In line with UNODC strategy, the aim of the project is to build Kyrgyzstan’s capacity to curb and reduce corruption over a two year period through the provision of technical assistance and the placement of an anti-corruption mentor based at the General Prosecutor’s Office (GPO). A number of activities will be facilitated by the mentor including policy advice, development of work plans, updating the anti-corruption strategy and training. Capacity development training in corruption prevention, public education campaigns, investigative techniques, mutual legal assistance and asset recovery will be carried out. The GPO will also receive support to conduct surveys on prevalence and points of corruption, and legislative reviews. It is hoped that these activities will move the country out of the current impasse and paralysis caused by corruption.
At the multilateral level there is also a number of projects funded by the European Commission.
In particular, the fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse is a top priority for Europe. The EU Drugs Strategy 2005-2012 has been endorsed by the European Council in December 2004. The Strategy highlights the importance of assistance to Third Countries and to Central Asia as a key area.
The EC-funded Central Asia Drug Action Programme (CADAP), which is based on the Partnership and Co-operation Agreements the EC has signed with countries of the region, was adopted by the European Council in mid-February 2000. CADAP is implemented in all five Central Asian Republics.
The overall objective of the EU Drug Action Programme in Central Asia (CADAP) is to foster a development-oriented drug control strategy in Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction of drug consumption and trafficking in line with European Commission drug strategies:
· A public health approach to drug demand · An interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking
10843/08 ZH/tas 79 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Current work on public health strategies comprises three projects:
- Drug Prevention in Prisons; - Policy advice through establishment of Drug Information Systems (DAMOS Project); - National media information campaigns on substance abuse (MEDISSA Project).
Current work on drug trafficking comprises three projects:
· Establishment of multi-Agency drug profiling units at airports and seaports, and analogous units for green border road and rail control · Strengthening of forensic lab capacities for sample analysis to be coordinated with the CARICC in Almaty · Provision of equipment and training.
Brief Outline on counter-drug activities in Kyrgyzstan:
· Construction of Border Crossing Point in Kyrgyz-Kazakh pilot zone is partially funded by CADAP Programme where the activities on drug prevention will be carried out by Custom and Border Service personnel. · Renovation works in the unit (wards) of therapy and functional diagnostics, as well as the rehabilitation unit of the Narcological Hospital of Prison 47 and 2-floor building of the rehabilitation Centre Atlantis of Prison 10 were completed. In addition, renovation of two rooms of rehabilitation Centre Atlantis in Prison # 3 was done. Needed medical and other equipment was procured to aforesaid renovated project sites as well as to two NGOs dealing with social support of drug addicts prisoners after their release from the Prison. Training with the personnel of rehabilitation Centre Atlantis was conducted. · A Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) has been established at Manas International airport (Bishkek). The Unit has been fully furnished and equipped and the multi agency staffs have been trained. Additional DPUs at Kaindy railways stations and at Osh airport are planned for 2008 – 2009 under BOMCA Programme.
10843/08 ZH/tas 80 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN · Forensic capacities of DCA, Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Interior were increased by providing needed equipment, chemical reagents and training. · In agreement with the Government of Kyrgyzstan, an informational network for collection, sharing and analysis of non-confidential information on drug and drug abuse (DAMOS) was established. Within the framework of the project, office equipment was procured and transferred to participants of the project. Under the Drugs Control Agency of Kyrgyzstan (focal point on proposal) a library with relevant literature was established. A Centre of Drug abuse monitoring was established under the Republican Narcological Centre of the Ministry of Health Care (focal point on demand): renovation of premises and their technical equipment was provided. Report on Drug situation in the country for 2005 was prepared, for 2006 is about finishing; national training with the members of DAMOS on preparation of Drug Situation Report was conducted. · Series of specialised trainings were conducted on collection, classification, storing of information and on analysis of operational information. Training has included the use of equipment provided, methods of operation to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies, integrated border management for BCP staff, and counter narcotics intelligence to prepare for information exchange via the TAIS-ONTOS software network. · Action plan of information campaign on preventing drug addiction through Media was prepared by working group consisting of either Government representatives or BOMCA/CADAP staff. Campaign itself is being conducted currently (period of the campaign is from April till July, 2008).
The future: BOMCA 7
The overall objectives of BOMCA 7 will be the same as for BOMCA 6, Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development will be included in BOMCA for the first time (previously it had been part of CADAP). Precursor interdiction is introduced as a new element in BOMCA in an attempt to decrease the supply of chemicals entering Afghanistan for heroin production. Drug profiling capacities will be enhanced at existing DPUs in all five countries. New DPUs will be established at airports, railway stations and BCPs in all five Central Asian republics.
10843/08 ZH/tas 81 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN BOMCA 7 will continue to adopt the ‘transit corridor’ approach to trade facilitation initiated under BOMCA 6 for three reasons:
· To maximize synergies with national and international efforts to promote inter-regional trade · Because approximately 70% of cross-border illegal trafficking occurs along established transit routes · Because the benefits in terms of increased customs revenues and increased interdiction of contraband resulting from adoption of IBM concepts and methodologies, will be more apparent at international BCPs where traffic flows are greatest.
At the bilateral level we could refer to the following most important initiatives:
Canada provides funding to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime in support of the Afghanistan Counter Narcotics Program. Initiatives are focused on strengthening law enforcement and criminal justice measures in Afghanistan, but also promote regional cooperation and interdiction efforts (including with Central Asia). This funding is valued at $27M, and is available over two fiscal years 07-08 and 08-09. There are two specific UNODC projects that involve Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan: 1) Precursors control in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) – RER/E29. National Canadian Allocation to the project amounts to USD 1.3M. 2) Establishment of CARICC (Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre) – RER/H22. National Canadian Allocation: USD 1.5 M.
Japan also contributes to the cooperation against drug offences in the Central Asia. The Japanese specialists held a workshop on passive dog for drug prevention in 2005. In 2007 Japan organized trainings and seminars where one Kazakh and four Kyrgyz officers took part.
The British Department for International Development has a Central Asia Regional HIV/AIDS Project (CARHAP) which aims to reduce the risk of HIV being transmitted by high risk population categories (intravenous drug users, sex workers, prison population). It is a 5 year programme (2004-2009) with a budget of £5.4 million. It is a regional programme with activities in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
10843/08 ZH/tas 82 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The German BKA cooperates with Kyrgyz counter-narcotics law enforcement through its two Liaison-Offices in the region, one in Tashkent and one in Dushanbe’. The main task of the DLOs is to provide operational support to the local law enforcement services regarding investigations with apparent links to Germany.
In 2007 BKA headquarters held an interregional Drug-investigation training session of two weeks in Bishkek. The session involved representatives of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan.
In October 2008, a Ministerial Conference on ‘Border Management and Drug Control in Central Asia’ will take place in Dushanbe’ (Tajikistan). The European Commission (EC), UNODC, OSCE, Austria, Finland (OSCE Presidency), France and Germany are organizers and contributing partners.
The following outcomes are expected:
- message of international support for Central Asia; - reinforcement of the commitment of Central Asian states to regional cooperation; - definition of lead roles for the different stakeholders; - closer cooperation with regional organizations; - highlighting the EU Strategy on Central Asia and the strategies of UNODC and OSCE activities in the region; - establishing a mechanism of regular technical stakeholder meetings; - review of existing donor cooperation mechanisms; - commitment to establishing priorities and a concrete Partnership Plan on the basis of the future national strategies.
10843/08 ZH/tas 83 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN In 2007 Italy provided to UNODC a total contribution of 4 million euros. The UNODC projects earmarked by Italy that include Kazakhstan as targeted country are:
- GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II”; - GLO/E69 – “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”; - GLO/R35 – “Strengthening the Legal Regime against Terrorism”; - GLO/900 - “Legal Advisory Programme”; - RAC/I29 “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable population in Central Asia”; - RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”; - RER/F23 - “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”; - RER/F60 - “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”; - RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”; - RER/H36 – “Drug Demand Reduction and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Policy Advice to the Central Asian Governments”; - RER/H37 – “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”.
In 2008, Italian DCSA (Central Department for Counter-narcotics Activities) will continue to support the “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel” through the supply of trainers.
10843/08 ZH/tas 84 ANNEX 4 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX
ANNEX 5
Assistance activities to Turkmenistan (excerpt from Mini Dublin Group report on Turkmenistan)
3. Enumeration of major bilateral and multilateral CN programs
At the multilateral scale there is a number of UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia counter- narcotics projects on national and regional levels.
At the regional level we could refer to the following most important projects:
RER/H22 - "Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center" (CARICC).
Currently six Member states (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) out of seven have signed the Agreement on the establishment of CARICC, Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre. The signature of the President of the Russian Federation is still outstanding. The formal Agreement will enter into force when four countries have ratified. Turkmenistan recently ratified and other countries are in process of doing so.
The Kazakh Government has vacated the identified part of building for CARICC and turned it over to UNODC (4 floors of an 8 storey building). A scope of work assessment has taken place with the support of the Buildings Management Section, and as consequence the tender process necessary for the renovation is nearing completion. It is anticipated that renovation will take 7 to 8 months.
In order to have the Centre established without further delays, during the mini-Dublin Group meeting in May 2007 in Astana, an initiative to start the pilot phase of the project was proposed. Following the consultations with project donors and the participating countries, a pilot phase was finally launched on November 1, 2007.
10843/08 ZH/tas 85 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN At present a temporary staff has been appointed and the issue of the venue refurbishment and equipment are being finalized.
The interview process for the recruitment of a number of key posts for the pilot phase took place between 2 and 4 October in Almaty. Following a detailed screening process a number of staff members were appointed, including a senior law enforcement officer from Kyrgyzstan as Deputy Director.
It was agreed by the participating countries that the first Director of CARICC would be from the host country, Kazakhstan, and that the person would retain the post for the first two years of operation. The President of Kazakhstan subsequently designated Lieutenant-General Beksultan Sarsekov to be the Director. Since 2002 he has been the First Deputy Chairman of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Anti-Terrorist Centre in Moscow.
The authorities in Kazakhstan have made available six rooms within the Ministry of Interior Immigration department to be used as temporary accommodation for the pilot phase staff. The accommodation is adequate until renovation of the main building has been completed.
Since the start of the pilot phase a series of information bulletins regarding drug seizures and smuggling trends have been issued by the Centre.
Given the international significance of CARICC a significant support from Europol and Interpol as well as other organizations is being expected. It has been agreed that Interpol will have an office within the Centre and that the Interpol I-24/7 encrypted communications system will be provided to CARICC. Both Interpol and Europol have offered support with regard to the training of CARICC staff. In regard to the funding, the total approved budget is $ 6,509,500. Total pledges $ 6.923,121. The main donors include Canada, Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, UK and USA. The Czech Republic is preparing to pledge around $300,000 and the EC has expressed an interest. Through INL, the US indicated an additional $2 million pledge to the project (not included in the above figure). US CENTCOM is also providing a $1.4 million contribution to be used for procurement of equipment for the Centre.
10843/08 ZH/tas 86 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN The project will be revised shortly to extend its duration (presumably until 2010 – 2011) and to support activities of the Centre for a longer period.
GLO/J33 - “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II – A partnership to counter traffic in and consumption of Afghan opiates”
This project is meant to facilitate the follow-up to the first and second Ministerial Conferences on Drug Trafficking Routes from Afghanistan, which were held in Paris and Moscow in May 2003 and June 2006, respectively. It aims to positively impact on the drug situation in priority countries along the Afghan opiates trafficking routes through a concerted identification of problem areas (both geographically and substantively) and actions required to address them, as well as through coordination of counter narcotics technical assistance. To achieve these objectives, a consultative mechanism and an internet-based automated donor assistance database (ADAM – www.paris-pact.net) are continued from phase I (project number GLO/IO5) but reinforced in this phase through lessons learnt (e.g. external evaluation report). This second phase of the Paris Pact is brought in line with the UNODC Regional Strategic Paper for Central and West Asia, and as agreed at the Paris Pact Policy Consultative Group Meeting held in Vienna on Monday 27 November 2006, will aim to be even more successful and operationally- oriented by: (i) improving the operational focus of the consultative mechanism; (ii) ensuring a more efficient/effective follow-up to the Paris Pact recommendations; (iii) ensuring wider use and sustainability of ADAM; (iv) strengthening of analytical capacities; (v) advocating a balanced approach to drug issues; and (vi) fostering partnerships with sub-regional, regional and international players.
RER/E29 – “Precursors Control in Central Asia”
The original project was designed to review status of precursors control measures in Central Asian countries; identify problems of illicit diversion from international trade, manufacture, and from domestic distribution, and to establish adequate licit control mechanisms.
10843/08 ZH/tas 87 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Consequently this project focused on strengthening legislation, structures and human capabilities of the regulatory, Customs, scientific personnel and enforcement agencies, and on improving regional cooperation between relevant national agencies. With the project and its first revision having established a functioning licit control structure in Central Asia, it is now evident that precursor chemicals are predominantly trafficked through neighbouring countries, including Central Asia, into Afghanistan. Therefore, and in line with UNODC’s regional strategy for West and Central Asia, Paris Pact recommendations and findings of the mid-term project evaluation, this project revision shifts focus on measures in support of improved law enforcement operations against illicit smuggling of precursors in the region. Technical assistance will be provided to Customs and Border Guards at strategic border checkpoints and to mobile units to raise their precursor control/interception results. This project’s inter-regional action will reach out beyond Central Asia and improve precursor control cooperation with Afghanistan, Pakistan, China and Russia.
XAC/I97 - “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel”
This project is designed to assist the NATO-Russia Council to deliver high-quality, professional law enforcement training to mid-level counter-drug officers of Afghanistan and the five Central Asian counties in order to help them combat the threat of trafficking in opiates within and through their territories. There is an ongoing need for professional training in modern drug control and law enforcement techniques in West and Central Asia. This need has been recognized by the NATO- Russia Council, subsequent to an expert group meeting on Central Asia that took place in November 2004. On 8 December 2006, the NATO-Russia Council (NRC) decided to implement a mid-level drug control training pilot project in Central Asia and Afghanistan. The NRC approached UNODC’s Regional Office for Central Asia to implement the project. The training will be provide by mobile training teams travelling to each country as well as in fixed training facilities in Russia and Turkey. UNODC will assist NATO experts to develop the curricula of the mobile training teams and organize the logistical support to the trainers and trainees.
10843/08 ZH/tas 88 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN RER/F23 “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence, information and data collection, analysis and exchange”
This project has improved criminal intelligence collection and information management capacities, and established mechanisms for exchange, receipt and dissemination of information between drug control bodies. Specialized equipment and criminal intelligence analysis software have been provided by the project, along with basic training.
RER/F43 “Assistance in developing Controlled Delivery Techniques”
UNODC launched the project that will assist the Memorandum of Understanding Member States (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russia and Azerbaijan) to set up and/or develop national mechanisms and capacities to carry out controlled deliveries. This is expected to enhance the capacity of law enforcement agencies in the region to dismantle the criminal networks involved in illicit drug trafficking. The project assists the MOU Member States to improve their ability to detect sources and destinations of drug shipments, as well as to identify national, regional and international trafficking routes.
RAC/I29 – “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable populations in Central Asia”
The project was launched by decision of the UNODC and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Fund for International Development to sign on March 17, 2006 a $ 4 million project. The project started activity implementation after it was signed by the Kazakh Ministry of Health in March 2007. In May 2007, the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Justice appointed focal points and national experts to the groups on national legislation review, professional standards and curricula upgrade.
10843/08 ZH/tas 89 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN TKM/I78 - “Immediate assistance to Turkmenistan for the strengthening of activities at Imam Nazar checkpoint at the Turkmen -Afghan border”
One of the most important border crossings between Turkmenistan and Afghanistan is Imam-Nazar even though the road infrastructure is extremely poor. This border crossing is confronted with an increasing stream of cargo and passengers but there are inadequate facilities, limited technical equipment and a lack of professional training available to Customs Officers and Border Guards.
This project aims at a significant improvement of interdiction capacities against illicit trafficking across the Afghan-Turkmen border.
At the multilateral level there is also a number of projects funded by the European Commission.
The fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse is a top priority for Europe. In particular, the EU Drugs Strategy 2005-2012 has been endorsed by the European Council in December 2004. The Strategy highlights the importance of assistance to Third Countries and to Central Asia as a key area.
The overall objective of the EU Drug Action Programme in Central Asia (CADAP) is to foster a development-oriented drug control strategy in Central Asia that ensures a sustained reduction of drug consumption and trafficking in line with European Commission drug strategies:
- a public health approach to drug demand; - an interdiction-based approach to drug trafficking.
A legal assistance project has been implemented under CADAP by UNODC. The project has introduced or amended legislation in all 5 Central Asian countries. The project has also built capacities of judges and prosecutors through study tours to Europe, provision of equipment and regional conferences.
10843/08 ZH/tas 90 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Current work on public health strategies comprises three projects:
- Drug Prevention in Prisons; - Policy advice through establishment of Drug Information Systems (DAMOS Project); - National media information campaigns on substance abuse (MEDISSA Project).
Current work on drug trafficking comprises three projects:
- Establishment of multi-Agency drug profiling units at airports and seaports, and analogous units for green border road and rail control; - Strengthening of forensic lab capacities for sample analysis to be coordinated with the CARICC in Almaty; - Provision of equipment and training.
In addition, the EC has allocated significant funds for other complementary program, namely BOMCA (Border Management in Central Asia), which has an accumulated budget of 25.655 million euros for the period 2002-2010. This project complements the CADAP projects concerned with a reduction of cross-border trafficking of drugs.
The overall objectives of the new phase of BOMCA (BOMCA 7) will be the same as for BOMCA 6; Drug Profiling Unit (DPU) capacity development will be included in BOMCA for the first time (previously it had been part of CADAP). Precursor interdiction is introduced as a new element in BOMCA in an attempt to decrease the supply of chemicals entering Afghanistan for heroin production. Drug profiling capacities will be enhanced at existing DPUs in all five countries. New DPUs will be established at airports, railway stations and BCPs in all five Central Asian republics.
BOMCA 7 will continue to adopt the ‘transit corridor’ approach to trade facilitation initiated under BOMCA 6 for three reasons:
· To maximize synergies with national and international efforts to promote inter-regional trade
10843/08 ZH/tas 91 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN · Because approximately 70% of cross-border illegal trafficking occurs along established transit routes · Because the benefits in terms of increased customs revenues and increased interdiction of contraband resulting from adoption of IBM concepts and methodologies, will be more apparent at international BCPs where traffic flows are greatest.
At the bilateral level we could refer to the following most important initiatives:
The Department of Homeland Security, through U.S. Customs and Border Protection, has provided International Air Cargo Interdiction, International Rail Interdiction and International Border Interdiction Training to Turkmenistan law enforcement officials. Bilateral cooperation is expected to continue, and the U.S. government will expand counter-narcotics law enforcement agency training at the working level. As both Turkmenistan and U.S. officials identify areas for improved counter-narcotics efforts, the United States will provide an appropriate, integrated and coordinated response.
Currently, the following on-going projects are funded by the US:
· Department of Justice, International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program: Forensic Lab Support Project ($150.000); · International Federation of the Red Cross/Red Crescent: Drug Demand Reduction Project ($200.000); · MVD Counter-narcotics Project (in three provinces) ($225.000) · Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Project ($75.000) · Forensic Laboratory Development Project ($224.274) · MVD Counter-narcotics Project (in two provinces: Mary and Lebap) ($150.000) · Criminal Justice Sector Reform Project ($150.000) · Port Security Project ($100.000) · English Language Training at Altyn Asyr Training Center ($50.000) · Turkmen-Afghan Border Security Project: Imamnazar (Implementer: UNODC) ($2.000.000)
10843/08 ZH/tas 92 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN Regarding the following projects, the approval is still pending:
· MVD Forensic Scientists and Investigators Project ($200.000) · Turkmenistan-Afghanistan Cross-Border Project ($250.000) · Anti-Corruption: Raising Awareness Project ($100.000)
Turkmenistan cooperates with Turkey and received in 2007 a number of training programs offered by TADOC (Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime) in Ankara. Turkey is also involved in Operation TARCET (a time-bound operation focusing on the illicit trafficking of acetic anhydride in Afghanistan and in neighbouring countries launched by UNODC and the International Narcotics Control Board) as a mentor country in Tajikistan. Other Paris Pact partners are also involved in this initiative, among them France, Germany, Italy, Russia, etc.
In 2007 Italy provided to UNODC a total contribution of 4 million euros. The UNODC projects earmarked by Italy that include Turkmenistan as targeted country are:
- GLO/J33 “The Paris Pact Initiative, Phase II”; - GLO/E69 – “Global Assessment Programme on Drug Abuse”; - GLO/R35 – “Strengthening the Legal Regime against Terrorism”; - GLO/900 - “Legal Advisory Programme”; - RAC/I29 “Effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care among vulnerable population in Central Asia”; - RER/E29 “Precursors Control in Central Asia”; - RER/F23 - “Drug law enforcement systems for criminal intelligence collection, analysis and exchange”; - RER/F60 - “Computer based drug law enforcement training in the member countries of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Sub-Regional Cooperation in Drug Control (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)”; - RER/H22 “Establishment of the Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Center (CARICC)”;
10843/08 ZH/tas 93 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN - RER/H36 – “Drug Demand Reduction and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Policy Advice to the Central Asian Governments”; - RER/H37 – “Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through mass media, NGO and civil society”.
Along with this Italy, through the DCSA (Central Department for Counter-narcotics Activities), provided in-kind contribution to XAC/I97 – “Pilot Project on Counter-Narcotics Training of Central Asian and Afghan Law Enforcement Personnel” implemented by UNODC in Turkmenistan in 2007. In 2008, Italian DCSA will continue to support this project through the supply of trainers.
______
10843/08 ZH/tas 94 ANNEX 5 TO THE ANNEX DG H 3A EN