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BLACK MOUNTAIN BOULEVARD: SR 51/Loop 101 Interchange to Cave Creek Road DRAFTDRAFT ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT MARICOPA COUNTY, AZ | PROJECT NO. PHX-0(266)A | TRACS NO. 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D LEAD FEDERAL AGENCY: JOINT LEAD AGENCIES: COOPERATING AGENCIES: US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration City of Phoenix US Army Corps of Engineers Arizona Division Street Transportation Department 4000 North Central Avenue, Suite 1500 3636 North Central Avenue, Suite 900 200 West Washington Street, Fifth Floor Phoenix, Arizona 85012-1939 Phoenix, Arizona 85012-1906 Phoenix, Arizona 85003-1611 Arizona Department of Transportation US Bureau of Reclamation Intermodal Transportation Division 6150 West Thunderbird Road Environmental Planning Group Glendale, AZ 85306-4001 1611 West Jackson Street, Mail Drop EM02 Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Fgr Draft Environmental Assessment Black Mountain Boulevard: SR 51/Loop 101 Interchange to Cave Creek Road Maricopa County, Arizona PHX-0(266)A 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D Lead Federal Agency: US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Arizona Division 4000 North Central Avenue, Suite 1500 Phoenix, Arizona 85012-1906 Joint Lead Agencies: City of Phoenix Street Transportation Department 200 West Washington Street, Fifth Floor Phoenix, Arizona 85003-1611 Arizona Department of Transportation Intermodal Transportation Division Environmental Planning Group 1611 West Jackson Street, Mail Drop EM02 Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Cooperating Agencies: US Army Corps of Engineers 3636 North Central Avenue, Suite 900 Phoenix, Arizona 85012-1939 US Bureau of Reclamation 6150 West Thunderbird Road Glendale, AZ 85306-4001 June 2013 Version 7 Table of Contents Mitigation Measures ................................................................................................................................. xv I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Explanation of Environmental Assessment .................................................................................... 1 B. Project Location .............................................................................................................................. 3 C. Project Background and Overview ................................................................................................. 6 II. Project Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................... 9 A. Project Need .................................................................................................................................. 10 B. Conformance with Regulations, Land Use Plans, and Other Plans .............................................. 19 C. Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 21 III. Alternatives ................................................................................................................................... 25 A. Description of Alternatives ........................................................................................................... 26 B. Alternatives Considered But Eliminated From Further Study ...................................................... 38 C. Alternatives Considered for Further Study ................................................................................... 44 D. General Project Schedule, Right-of-way, and Funding ................................................................ 44 IV. Affected Environment, Environmental Consequences, and Mitigation Measures ....................... 49 A. Landownership, Jurisdiction, and Land Use ................................................................................. 49 B. Social Environment ....................................................................................................................... 61 C. Economic Conditions .................................................................................................................... 70 D. Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................................ 73 Draft Environmental Assessment iii ADOT TRACS No. 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D June 2013 Federal Aid No. PHX-0(266)A E. Section 4(f) Resources .................................................................................................................. 77 F. Air Quality .................................................................................................................................... 91 G. Noise ........................................................................................................................................... 109 H. Utilities ........................................................................................................................................ 118 I. Visual Resources ......................................................................................................................... 120 J. Drainage and Floodplain Considerations .................................................................................... 123 K. Section 404/401 of Clean Water Act and Pollutant Discharge Elimination System .................. 128 L. Biological Resources .................................................................................................................. 135 M. Hazardous Materials ................................................................................................................... 151 N. Secondary Impacts ...................................................................................................................... 154 O. Cumulative Impacts .................................................................................................................... 156 P. Summary of Impacts ................................................................................................................... 158 Q. Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 159 V. Public Involvement/Agency Coordination ................................................................................. 161 A. Agency and Public Scoping ........................................................................................................ 161 B. Public Information Meetings ...................................................................................................... 163 C. Public Hearing ............................................................................................................................ 166 References ............................................................................................................................................... 169 Glossary .................................................................................................................................................. 175 Draft Environmental Assessment iv ADOT TRACS No. 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D June 2013 Federal Aid No. PHX-0(266)A Appendices A. Arizona Game and Fish Department’s Guidelines for Handling Sonoran Desert Tortoises Encountered on Development Projects B. Alternatives Evaluation Matrix Summary C. Agency Correspondence D. Section 106 Consultation E. Section 4(f) Resources Technical Memorandum F. Noise Receivers, Monitored Noise Levels, and Predicted Noise Levels G. Public and Stakeholder Meetings H. Section 4(f) Coordination Letter Regarding Trails within Reach 11 Draft Environmental Assessment v ADOT TRACS No. 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D June 2013 Federal Aid No. PHX-0(266)A This page has been intentionally left blank Draft Environmental Assessment vi ADOT TRACS No. 0000 MA PHX SS979 03D June 2013 Federal Aid No. PHX-0(266)A List of Tables Table 1. Current and Estimated Population of the Project Vicinity by Traffic Analysis Zones. ...............12 Table 2. Current and Estimated Employment in the Project Vicinity by Traffic Analysis Zones. ...........13 Table 3. Morning Peak Hour Travel Time Comparison for Southbound Traffic. .....................................17 Table 4. Afternoon Peak Hour Travel Time Comparison for Northbound Traffic. ..................................17 Table 5. New Right-of-way and Easement Requirements for Build Alternative. .....................................57 Table 6. New Right-of-way and Easement Requirements for No-Build Alternative. ...............................60 Table 7. Minority Demographic Comparisons. .........................................................................................65 Table 8. Environmental Justice Populations by Category. ........................................................................67 Table 9. Disabled Population. ....................................................................................................................67 Table 10. 2000 and 2010 Employment by Sector in the Study Area and Vicinity. ...................................71 Table 11. Cultural Resources in the APE. .................................................................................................75 Table 12. National Ambient Air Quality Standards...................................................................................92 Table 13. Ambient Concentration Summary. ............................................................................................96