See page 10 October-November 2014 Volume 9 No. 5 `100.00 (-Based Buyer Only) Indispensable Reference Yearbook Milita SP’s SP’s 2014- Military r y Yearbook 2015 since 1965 42nd issue 2015 2014 - www.spsmilitaryyearbook.com

Finmeccanica and India: www.spsnavalforces.com in the spirit of partnership. ROUNDUP SP's MYB 1415 ADVERT.indd 1 07/05/14 2:46 PM

42nd issue The only Naval magazine for Navies across Asia-Pacific

Page 5 editor-in-chief Price: Inland Rs 8,275.00; jayant baranwal  Foreign (Surface Mail): Stg. £ 436.00; US$ 776.00 Prime Minister Modi’s SP military yearbook 110x181_11.indd 1 27/06/12 10.39 SP's MYB Cover 2014-2015_Final.indd 1 heritage_220-275_2013-10-11.indd 1 11/10/13 10:36 Visit to USA 18/04/14 11:12 AM Narendra Modi had, obviously, charted, before assuming office, a well-planned strat- egy to deal with some critical foreign policy issues before domestic events crowded his political horizon Arun Prakash (Retd) Deadly Page 6 Major Weapon Requirements of Submarines - Global Programmes In Asia, there are several countries which are on a buying spree and the next two decades is going to witness substantial acquisitions in the region

It can be appreciated that with ‘Make in Photograph: BAE Systems India’ thrust there is every possibility that the best of weapon OEMs would come to India for production of advanced weapon systems for use by the as well as for sale to other countries Dr S. Kulshrestha (Retd) Page 8 on the Threshold of Modernisation has a coastline of 54,716 km and maritime claims include exclusive economic zone of 200 nm (about 374 km) and 12 nm (about 22 km) of territorial sea when measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) Page 11 Asia and Middle East Driving Demand for Ships Economic growth in Asia and the Middle East is driving demand in those regions and increasing the importance attached to maritime matters Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) Page 13 50 Glorious Years of Indigenous Warship Design: Seminar Report The Indian Navy and its design organisation has successfully converted the stumbling blocks into stepping stones and went on to augment the strength of the Navy’s BAE Systems’ Astute submarine in wet dock quay Designers in this glorious journey of 50 years, now being the largest pool of Naval n R. Chandrakanth larly from the Asia-Pacific region. In Asia, the importance of sea power is driving a Architects in the country there are several countries which are on a general naval expansion throughout the Rear Admiral Sushil Ramsay (Retd) he global submarine mar- submarine buying spree and the next two region. Another, more ominous driver is the Plus ket is expected to value $19 decades is going to witness substantial recent uptick in territorial disputes in Asian billion in 2014, and increase at acquisitions in the region. New submarine littorals, particularly those driven by China. SP’s Exclusives 14 a CAGR of 5.19 per cent during buyers are emerging on the scene and they India is another major maritime power the forecast period, to reach include Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand. and recently the Ministry of Defence has News in Brief 14 T$31.5 billion by 2024. The market con- Japanese defence writer Kyle Mizokami cleared the decks for the `53,000-crore sists of three categories of submarines: has pointed out that this trend reflects the Project 75 India (P75-I). The recent deci- SSN (ship subsurface), SSBN (ship sub- desire of Asian countries to protect their sion is that all six submarines will be built surface ballistic nuclear), and SSK (ship recently acquired wealth and enduring eco- in India on the lines of the predecessor P75 subsurface killer). nomic interests. Much of Asia is dependent Scorpene production line at the ­Mazagon There is heightened activity with on open sea lanes to keep export-driven Dock Limited (MDL), Mumbai. Bids will be Applied for regard to the submarine market, particu- economies humming, and recognition of invited from Indian shipyards to build the

5/2014 1  Messages

Messages on 50 Years of SP Guide Publications

Prime Minister’s Office Message India

The Hon’ble Prime Minister is happy to learn that SP Guide Publications is celebrating Golden Jubilee of its publication. In a country like India with limited support from the industry and market, initiating 50 years ago publishing magazines relating to Army, Navy and Aviation sectors without any interruption is a commendable job on the part of SP Guide Publications. By this, SP Guide Publications has established the fact that continuing quality work in any field would result in success. On this occasion, the Prime Minister conveys best wishes to publishers, associates and the readers.

Minister of Defence Message India

Thank you for your letter dated 06th Oct, 2014 sending therewith a copy of recent issue of one of your magazines. I am happy to know that SP Guide Publications will be completing 50 years this year. I wish you all success.

Chief Minister Message Gujarat State

Armed forces are the integral part of our National Security. It is about the collective strength of the entire country working to create and sustain a homeland that is safe and secure, in which national interest, aspirations and way of life can thrive. It is a matter of pride that “SP Guide Publications” is working since 50 years in the field of aerospace and defence sectors, serving and highlighting the people of the same sector. I extend my best wishes to the associates and readers of the publications and hope that publication house will keep up the good work and will encourage more and more youth to join our defence forces and serve our mother country India.

six submarines using transferred technol- has delivered submarines for coastal and HDW Class 210mod tion has been paid to efficiency and energy ogy from a foreign partner. The field, as it blue water deployment to the navies of 17 ThyssenKrupp has developed the subma- management on board. The combination stands, is wide open and there are quite a other countries. The HDW class 209 can rine designated HDW class 210mod, an of these factors with the non-magnetic few contenders. be found in every ocean in the world. No advanced, compact diesel-electric sub- construction and acoustically optimised In the light of these proposed acqui- other class of submarine has been built marine to carry out domestic and inter- equipment resulted in submarines that are sitions, SP’s Naval Forces takes a peek at more often since World War II. national missions and tasks. Its relatively nearly impossible to detect. some of the global submarine programmes. HDW class 212A and 214 submarines small size with a surface displacement of were the first in the world to undertake only approx. 1,150 tonnes makes the boat HDW Class 214 ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems extra long dives independent of external especially suited for a wide scope of mis- It is well equipped to undertake a wide GmbH leads air sources, equipped with a high-perfor- sions in littoral as well as blue water areas. scope of missions ranging from operations ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH with mance fuel cell propulsion system. in littoral waters to ocean-going patrols. its submarine unit in , , has a HDW Class 212A The modular weapon and sensor mix, in long tradition of shipbuilding stretching HDW Class 209/1400mod The submarines of the first and second combination with the submarine’s air-inde- back to the 19th century. It is among the The HDW class 209/1400mod submarine is batches of HDW class 212A can rightly pendent features, makes the HDW class 214 leaders in providing global system engineer- the most recent version of the HDW class 209 be called “the peak of German submarine predestined for anti-surface ship and anti- ing for submarines and naval surface vessels. “family” in a line of 63 boats contracted with technology”. In line with the German basic submarine operations; surveillance, etc. Virtually no shipyard the world over 14 customer navies. Like all its predecessors, design concept, this non-nuclear but air- has more experience in the design and HDW class 209/1400mod is a compact and independent submarine remains compact, HDW Class 216 construction of non-nuclear submarines reliable submarine featuring most recent with a high payload in the field of sensors, HDW class 216 submarine is a long-range than ThyssenKrupp. The operating unit technology, high combat strength, extraordi- communication equipment, weapon con- multi-mission two-deck fuel cell submarine

www.spsnavalforces.com in Kiel partners the and nary battery payload and low signatures. trol systems and weapons. Extreme atten- with exceptional endurance. It features two

2 5/2014 submarines

Finally India has a full time sure will not only lead to self-reli- Japan and Nepal and also with nation and its strategic location Defence Minister with the taking ance in Defence manufacturing the United States where he made straddling the sea lines of commu- over by Manohar Gopalkrishna but also generate employment quite an impact. During such vis- nications, it is essential for India Prabhu Parrikar as the 36th and would ultimately contribute its, defence cooperation, terror- to engage Indonesia closely. Defence Minister. He said that to economic development. All at ism and security-related issues Thus an article on the subject he would maintain the fast pace SP Guide Publications welcome are always an essential part of is included. of acquisition set in motion by Parrikar and wish him a very suc- the agenda under discussion. This issue also includes show the government for the defence cessful tenure. We also hope that Thus an article by the former report on Euronaval 14 and some forces while ensuring transpar- he will encourage us as his prede- CNS Admiral Arun Prakash on other newsy items including the ency at every stage. Parrikar said cessors have done in the past, to the Prime Minister’s visit to United News in Brief, which just about that his predecessor Arun Jaitley serve the nation and the defence States is included. The author wraps up the issue. Wish you all has initiated work on many issues forces through our publications. articulates that “as it became happy reading! relating to defence despite sev- The Defence Acquisition painfully obvious during Xi Jin- eral constraints and that he is Council has cleared the build- ping’s recent visit to India, India

EDITORIAL confident of taking these steps ing of six submarines in India needs a diplomatic hedge to pro- forward with speed. Parrikar at an approximate cost of vide some leverage with Beijing. It expressed his thanks to the Prime `53,000 crore (about $8 billion). is fortuitous that the US, too, hap- Minister Narendra Modi for repos- The lead article gives details pens to have a somewhat similar ing confidence in him and entrust- of the global key submarine requirement at this juncture”. ing him with this important and programmes. Recently Indonesia has sensitive ministry. Referring to the Prime Minister Narendra elected a new President – ‘Joko ‘Make in India’ drive of the gov- Modi has been building bridges Widodo’. Considering that Indo- Jayant BaranwaL ernment, Parrikar said, the mea- with regional nations like China, nesia is the world’s biggest Islamic Publisher & Editor-in-Chief

pressure-tight compartments, high crew comfort levels and an extremely flexible payload for weapons and mission-orien- tated exchangeable equipment enhanced by the innovative vertical multi-purpose lock (VMPL). On Scene. Unseen. Worldwide. The Italian Navy has also decided in favour of a second batch of two HDW class 212A submarines, which are being built under licence by the Italian shipyard Fin- cantieri. That means that the Italian Navy will soon also have four boats of this class available for operations.

Navantia S-80 on course, albeit delayed The S-80 class are AIP submarines cur- rently under construction for the Spanish Navy. Four boats have been ordered, three of which are under construction by the Spanish company Navantia at its yard in Cartagena. The submarines are being fitted with a new propulsion system designed for a high degree of autonomy under water. Their mission includes: projection of naval power onto land, naval special warfare, sur- veillance, protection of naval forces and deterrence. The first was planned to enter service in the Spanish Navy in 2015, with a second in 2016, but a weight imbalance issue has been identified which is to delay the project between 12 and 24 months. The construction of the third in the series began in 2009. The Indian Navy is considering this submarine for its next-generation of sub- marines under Project 75(I). The submarines of the S-80 class are designed to better complete their mis- sion in threat scenarios. Their operational mobility will allow them to operate in remote areas, travelling discreetly at high speeds. Their AIP system, of new techno- logical design, will ensure their ability to remain very long periods of time in an area without being detected and their ability to operate in possible conflict zones. Their capabilities include: A combat system for multiple target acquisition in different scenarios; the ability to transport personnel, including special operations forces; low noise and magnetic signatures in order to minimise detection; and low radar and infrared signatures in order to minimise detection. Navantia has signed on the US company General Dynamics Elec- tric Boat to help solve the excess weight. In September 2014, there was news that the problem had been resolved and construc- tion is planned to resume soon.

DCNS improves submarine capabilities DCNS is currently developing the Bar- www.thyssenkrupp-marinesystems.com ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems racuda programme, which relates to the delivery of six SSNs to the French Navy, of which the first, Le Suffren, will enter ser-

5/2014 3  submarines

‘Make in India’ Project 75 (India) Begins

Photographs: Rubin, ThyssenKrupp, Navantia, DCNS, Kockums, By SP’s Special Correspondent sile salvo attacks from all tubes against sea and fixed land targets, target ndia’s massively delayed effort detection range increased with respect to to create a second new-generation other existing sonar means due to avail- conventional pro- ability of unique sonar system and a far duction line in the country has final- lower noise level.” ly lifted off, though several years DCNS has also pushed hard for India Iadrift. With the apex Defence Acquisi- to choose to build more Scorpene subma- tion Council (DAC) clearing decks for the rines, given a line already exists. Germany `53,000-crore Project 75 India (P75I), the hasn’t forgotten its loss to DCNS in India’s Ministry of Defence will spend the next Project 75, and will be looking to turn the two months compiling a list of public sec- tables in the P75(I) programme with the tor and privately owned shipyards in the class 209’s successor, the class 214 sub- country capable of absorbing technology marine. According to the company, “It is and building submarines. A special com- well equipped to undertake a wide scope mittee, headed by the Secretary (Defence of missions ranging from operations in Production) and populated by experts littoral waters to ocean-going patrols. The from the Indian Navy, including its Con- modular weapon and sensor mix, in com- troller Warships Production & Acquisition, bination with the submarine’s air-inde- will interface with the shipyards to see if pendent features, makes the HDW class they make the cut across a plethora of 214 predestined for anti-surface ship and parameters, including technical, financial anti-submarine operations, intelligence, health, supplier base, manpower base, surveillance and reconnaissance tasks, order book, industrial capacity, etc. special forces operations. The HDW class Top sources indicate to SP’s that the 214 design is characterised by increased shipyards that will be sized up for the underwater endurance and low detection mammoth programme include Mumbai’s risk using the proven fuel cell system for Mazagon Dock Ltd (MDL), Hindustan (Clockwise from top left) air-independent propulsion, increased Shipyard Ltd (HSL) in , Amur 1650, HDW class 214, diving depth, low revolution, permanently Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL), Garden Reach Navantia S-80, Scorpene, excited PERMASYN motor for maximum Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) in Kockums Archer class speed without transient switching noises, Kolkata, Cochin Shipyard Ltd, Larsen & optimised signature management, sonar Toubro (L&T) and Pipavav. The project equipped with land attack and air development within the ISUS 90 for definition has been through a slew of independent propulsion (AIP). increased low-frequency detection ranges combinations of where the submarines As reported by SP’s, Russia’s Central (flank array), large weapon payload for will be made, with October 25th’s deci- Design Bureau for Marine Engineering a mix of torpedoes, missiles and mines, sion finally deciding that all six subma- Rubin has mounted an aggressive cam- integration of torpedo countermeasures rines will be built in India on the lines of paign for the Amur 1650, which it regards (TCM) system. Thanks to its modular the predecessor P75 Scorpene production as a priority project for the Russian mili- design and high degree of automation, this line at MDL, Mumbai. Bids will be invited tary industrial complex considering that submarine is a very cost-effective weapon from Indian shipyards to build the six India has shifted away from Soviet con- system, extremely difficult to detect and submarines using transferred technol- ventional submarines following the Kilo thus the unbeatable solution for future- ogy from a foreign partner. The field, as it ’s Navantia S-80 and possibly Swe- class. “Amur 1650 is the most effective orientated navies.” Spain’s Navantia S-80 stands, is wide open. den’s Kockums Archer class. With the modern non- available could be a dark horse contender. With its Submarine contenders include proposed Italian-Russian S1000 platform today. Compared to similar boats in its severe weight issues reportedly sorted France’s DCNS Scorpene, Russia’s Rubin set to be indefinitely postponed, it doesn’t class, the Amur distinguishes itself by out and the construction of boats for the Amur 1650, the German HDW Type 214, figure. The submarines will need to be possessing the capability to strike mis- Spanish Navy finally on track. SP

vice in 2017. These new-generation SSNs and high-endurance submarine can carry Chinese strengths siles—has been repeatedly delayed because combine the latest technological advances out missions both in the open ocean and The Chinese navy is replacing the single of bureaucratic and technical problems. in terms of acoustic discretion with nuclear in coastal waters. Extremely stealthy and Xi class (092) ballistic submarine propulsion. They benefit from a land strike fast, it has a level of operating automa- with up to six modern Jin class (094) bal- Russian designs capability thanks to their capacity to carry tion that allows the crew to be limited to listic missile submarines. Each Jin class The Amur class submarine is one of the lat- cruise missiles. These attack submarines 25, which reduces its operating costs sig- displaces 9,000 tonnes submerged and is est Russian submarine designs, an export can carry out intelligence-gathering, spe- nificantly. The Scorpene 1000, the direct equipped with a dozen JL-2 submarine- version of the Lada class, a modernised cial operations – with the deployment of descendant of the Scorpene 2000, com- launched ballistic missiles. The JL-2 is esti- version of the Kilo class submarine with on-board commandos, mine laying or anti- bines cutting-edge design with a high level mated to have a range of 7,200 kilometres improved acoustic stealth, new combat sys- ship or anti-. of stealth, manoeuvrability and speed. (4,475 miles) and capable of carrying up to tems, and an option for AIP. The new vessels DCNS has also developed a programme While its small size and high degree of dis- eight nuclear warheads. are the fourth-generation of the Kilo subma- for four new-generation Le Triomphant cretion allow it to excel in coastal waters, it The three submarines of the Shang rine family, with two models developed. class SSBN submarines. The last of these, nevertheless remains a formidable adver- class (093) represent the second-genera- The Amur-950 is armed with a VLS mis- Le Terrible, was delivered to the French sary in deep waters. Its latest-generation tion of Chinese nuclear attack submarines. sile system capable of salvo-fire at multiple Navy in 2010. These SSBNs, which are combat system can deploy the most recent Displacing 6,000 tonnes submerged, the pre-designated targets. Sonar signatures of the largest French submarines, provide heavy torpedoes and anti-ship missiles, Shang class, built with Russian assistance, these submarines are several times lower unprecedented acoustic discretion, a high- thus endowing this submarine with a par- features six bow-mounted 533mm torpedo than the older Kilo class submarines. Both performance combat system and an ultra- ticularly dissuasive firepower. tubes. Yet another class (095) is believed to designs are equipped with electronic war- reliable propulsion system, thus ensuring be under development. fare armament of the newer generation their invulnerability and guaranteeing the Submerged endurance created on the basis of the latest science permanence of their deterrence. DCNS recently unveiled major innovations India’s capabilities and technology. They can be outfitted with in three key areas – improved submerged India launched its first AIP fuel cells, considerably improving sub- Scorpene submarines endurance, enhanced surface intelligence submarines, the Arihant. Based on the merged endurance and range. The Scorpene 1000 and 2000 are new- gathering, and deployment of unmanned Russian Akula nuclear attack subma- generation, conventional-propulsion sub- underwater vehicles—to improve the perfor- rine design, the Arihant class features BAE Systems powerful submarines marines. Of an intermediate size and mance and safety of conventional-propul- a 10-metre plug to accommodate four BAE Systems push the boundaries of engi- highly capable in terms of mobility and sion submarines. To meet demand from cus- vertical launch silos equipped with K-15 neering excellence to design and construct discretion, they are suited to a very broad tomers for improved submerged endurance ballistic missiles. The 6,500- world-class submarines. The Astute class range of operations. With 14 submarines of conventional-propulsion submarines tonne submerged submarine also fea- will equip the UK Royal Navy with its larg- sold, the Scorpene 2000 has now become (SSKs), DCNS now offers dedicated hull sec- tures six 533mm torpedo tubes capable est and most powerful fleet of attack sub- an essential reference for conventional- tions known as autonomy boosting sections. of launching torpedoes or Klub anti-ship marines. As exciting, complex and chal- propulsion attack submarines for navies Whereas SSKs typically have a sub- missiles. At least three Arihant class sub- lenging as any engineering project in the all around the world. After and merged endurance of about three days, marines are projected. world today, we’re harnessing the unique Malaysia, India and have also placed DCNS now proposes three new technolo- A plan to build six submarines of skills of our workforce and drawing on orders with DCNS as part of transfer of gies to extend this critical parameter to the Scorpene class—1,700 tonne ships years of experience to deliver a step change

SP www.spsnavalforces.com technology programmes. This versatile three weeks. equipped with torpedoes and mis- in capability.

4 5/2014 strategic cooperation Prime Minister Modi’s Visit to USA

Narendra Modi had, charted, before assuming office, a well-planned strategy to deal with some critical foreign policy issues before domestic events crowded his political horizon

Photograph: PIB n Admiral Arun Prakash (Retd) Issues relating to defence cooperation and arms purchases (encompassing technology uch is the intensity of India’s transfers and joint production), intelligence- domestic political activity, as com- sharing, cooperation on anti-terrorism and pared to other democracies, that it strategic consultations were also addressed makes huge demands on the time at various levels. and mind-space of its leadership. As always in such matters, the ‘devil SAware of this pitfall Narendra Modi had, is in the detail’ and a true assessment of obviously, charted, before assuming office, Modi’s US visit would emerge only in hind- a well-planned strategy to deal with some sight; a few months down the line. Till critical foreign policy issues before domes- then, both sides can ponder over words of tic events crowded his political horizon. the Modi-Obama joint editorial which said, Consequently, India’s new Prime Minis- “The true potential of our relationship has ter ensured that he hit the ground running; yet to be fully realized. The advent of a new and the inaugural oath-taking ceremony was government in India is a natural opportu- converted into a successful mini-SAARC, nity to broaden and deepen our relation- with Mauritius thrown in. Soon thereafter, ship. With a reinvigorated level of ambition Modi visited Bhutan and Nepal to mend and greater confidence, we can go beyond neighbourhood fences. A gathering in Brazil modest and conventional goals.” provided him an early opportunity to meet the BRICS leadership. This was followed by a Postscript warm welcome and bonding with Shinzo Abe The term ‘strategic’ has, unfortunately, come in Japan, from where he returned to receive to be grossly over-used in New Delhi’s polit- Chinese supremo Xi Jinping in Ahmedabad ico-diplomatic discourse. India has estab- on his birthday. lished ‘strategic partnerships’ with at least For a Prime Minister, barely four months 20 countries (including China), and officials in office, the pace of foreign affairs inter- in the Ministry of External Affairs as well as Prime Minister Narendra Modi with President Barack Obama after press statement action could not have been more hectic at the White House, in Washington DC on September 30 the Ministry of Defence are often hard put than this. However, it was certainly the best to explain the significance or relative impor- crash-course Modi could have had, in inter- who distinguished between so-called, ‘good’ accompanied by a decline in Indo-US busi- tance of these relationships and their bearing national relations and diplomacy, before and ‘bad’ terrorists as well as those (read ness relationship, had begun in 2010 when on India’s posture of ‘strategic autonomy.’ meeting the leader of the waning super- ) who used it as a policy instru- Parliament passed a nuclear liability law In the fuzzy environment that prevails power President Barack Obama. ment. While expressing solidarity with the whose daunting provisions essentially fright- right across South Block, it is vital for deci- US in its fight against the Islamic State of ened off the US nuclear power industry. This sion-makers to continuously remind them- Modi’s Motivation Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), he refrained from had negated the positive impact of the land- selves of British statesman, Lord Palmer- While the ostensible motivation for Modi committing India to material or manpower mark 2005 agreement on civilian nuclear ston’s words: “Britain has no eternal allies to schedule a US visit so early in his five- support for the military action. cooperation, so painstakingly negotiated by and no perpetual enemies, only interests year tenure was attendance at the 69th In New York’s Central Park, Modi made the Manmohan Singh-Bush regimes. that are perpetual and eternal…” India’s annual session of the UN General Assem- a remarkable outreach to engage the Ameri- Modi’s promise of simplified proce- new Prime Minister, particularly, cannot bly (UNGA), there were four other reasons can public directly; by attending the Global dures, rapid decision-making, implementa- afford to have less than complete clarity, as that need brief mention, in order to make a Citizen Festival on September 28. Modi’s tion of the goods and services tax by 2016 far as India’s vital interests are concerned. cogent assessment of this outing. initiatives on women’s empowerment and and the tantalising potential of India’s As India ponders over the form and con- Firstly, it was to be a ‘rite of passage’ improving sanitation had earned him an huge market should infuse the necessary tent of cooperation it should seek with the to mark his transition from the status of invitation from the organisers of the fest vigour into this wilting relationship. US, Modi cannot overlook China’s resolute pariah, denied a US visa in 2005, to hon- attended by 60,000 young people. He deliv- quest for regional domination and its deter- oured state guest. Secondly, Modi needed to ered his only English-language speech, at this The Strategic Underpinning mination to keep India confined to a ‘South- convey his personal thanks to the politically high-profile international advocacy event, Even before he came to office, Modi had Asian box’ by means of the Sino-Pak nuclear influential and well-heeled Indian-American and concluded, to cheers, with the Star Wars marked India and the US as ‘natural allies’, and military nexus. Equally obvious is the diaspora which had rendered solid support phrase: “May the Force be with you.” stating: “It is in the interest of both the fact that India, currently, has few cards to to his election campaign and would con- The programme at Madison Square Gar- nations to develop further on our relation- play—economic, diplomatic or military— tinue to be a source of advocacy in the US. den (MSG), according to Modi’s own Tweet, ship.” President Obama, in turn, had outlined vis-ā-vis an increasingly belligerent China; Thirdly, he came to reassure a disillusioned “was overwhelming. It was very special to the task ahead for both leaderships: to work strategic autonomy is an unlikely trump. and sceptical US business community that interact with members of the diaspora.” together “to fulfil the extraordinary promise Harking back 43-years, to the heyday of he would make it easy, safe and lucrative Prime Minister Modi was the star of a glitzy of the US-India strategic partnership.” the Non-Aligned movement, let us recall the for them to invest in India; something the show for the Indian-American commu- Modi and Obama seemed to have signing of the 1971 signing of the Treaty of country badly needs for economic revival. nity at a venue better known for hosting engaged each other closely in their Oval Peace and Friendship with the USSR. Let us Finally, as it became painfully obvious rock stars and world heavyweight boxing Office meeting on September 30, and also also recall that as the unholy Nixon-Kissinger during Xi Jinping’s recent visit to India, champs. To an embarrassingly adulatory developed a close personal rapport. The two duo urged Mao Tse-tung to intervene militar- India needs a diplomatic hedge to provide audience, he offered substantive commit- leaders were said to have expressed concern ily in the Bangladesh War the US Navy sailed some leverage with Beijing. It is fortuitous ments; visas on arrival for US citizens by about rising tensions over territorial and Task Force 74 into the —both that the US, too, happens to have a some- 2015 and lifetime visas for Indian-Ameri- maritime disputes, and affirmed the impor- to relieve pressure on Yahya Khan’s doomed what similar requirement at this juncture. cans. By all accounts, Modi’s MSG appear- tance of ensuring freedom of navigation Eastern army. In mid-December 1971, The ance was a resounding success. No other and overflight throughout the Indo-Pacific Soviet Ambassador in Delhi dismissed Some Highlights of Visit Indian Prime Minister has connected so region. The White House staff commented the possibility of external intervention by Let us, then, review some key highlights, well with the Indian-Americans, or satisfied that the talks were ‘extraordinarily success- emphasising that the Soviet Fleet was also in which contributed to the undoubted suc- their yearning for recognition of the moth- ful’ and provided a boost to ‘re-energize the the Indian Ocean and would checkmate the cess of Modi’s maiden visit to the United erland, as Modi seemed to have. relationship’. The State Department echoed US Navy; and if China moved into Ladakh, States as Prime Minister of India. As far as the US business community was the sentiment, saying, that the talks had ‘re- USSR was ready to respond militarily in Sin- At the UNGA, where he spoke in Hindi, concerned, Modi started on a reassuring note launched’ the Indo-US relationship. kiang. Not a leaf stirred on the Sino-Indian Modi belied media predictions by largely by engaging directly with business leaders. Building on this agenda, India’s National border and Pakistan surrendered in Dhaka. ignoring Nawaz Sharif’s provocative speech. Rather than paint rosy pictures, he focused Security Adviser Ajit Doval and his US coun- India’s national interests remain eter- In a statesman-like address, he summarily on what he and his government needed to terpart Susan Rice, discussed regional devel- nal; but surely, allies can change. SP dealt with the Kashmir issue and then went do, in order to attract higher levels of invest- opments, including stability in Afghanistan on to dwell on terrorism; criticising those ment. The sense of mutual disenchantment, and cyber as well as maritime security. The author is former CNS

5/2014 5  weapons Major Weapon Requirements of Indian Navy

It can be appreciated that with ‘Make in India’ thrust there is every possibility that the best of weapon OEMs would come to India for production of advanced weapon systems for use by the Indian Armed forces as well as for sale to other countries

Photographs: Oto Melara, NSTL n Rear Admiral Dr S. Kulshrestha (retd) tion Centre (LPD 17 class)/Mission Control 127/64 LW Oto Melara Centre (LCS class). he Indian Navy (IN) is set to Indian naval ships have the following acquire over 80 new warships, main guns; A-190(E) 100mm, 100mm AK-100 including two aircraft carriers and naval gun,AK-176-M 76mm gun, AK-76/62 nuclear submarines each, sched- 76mm gun, Twin mount gun (76mm), Oto uled to join its fleet in the coming Melara 76mm Super Rapid Gun Mount Tdecade, with about five major combatants (SRGM). The auxiliary guns include; AK-630 being commissioned every year. Major war- 6-barreled 30mm Gatling gun, AK-230 twin ship building programme of the IN includes: 30mm gun. The 76.2 SRGM is being manu- Project 15A and 15B guided missile factured at BHEL Hardwar under ToT from : The Mazagon Dock Ltd. is build- Oto Melara, Italy. BHEL is one of the largest ing Project 15A 6,800-tonne destroyers at a engineering and manufacturing enterprise in cost of $622 million each. First of its class India in the energy and infrastructure related INS Kolkata has already been delivered. sector. The AK-630 Gatling gun is being man- The follow-on project 15B gave the Navy ufactured by the Ordnance Factory Board. the option of placing orders for four more IN has been searching for a main gun in vessels in the same class. These ships carry the 127mm or higher calibres, which can be short- and medium-range anti-air missiles, produced in India along with its ammuni- anti-ship and land attack missiles, 76.2mm tion. The ToT should also include produc- gun, close-in weapon system (CIWS), heavy tion of future upgrades. The economics of weight torpedo tube launchers, and anti scale can easily be achieved if a gun system submarine warfare (ASW) rocket launchers. compatible with requirements of the Indian Project 17 and 17A: Under this project, army (on the lines of the 30mm BMP or the three Shivalik class multi-role with 12.7mm HMG) can be selected. With respect stealth features were planned for construc- to CIWS the Indian navy needs to replace tion by the Mazagon Dock Ltd, all of them its 30mm gun in future with a higher cali- have been commissioned. The successor of ber gun system compatible with the Indian these frigates is planned under project 17A Army and the Indian Air Force. The Defence involving seven vessels, at a cost of $578 Acquisition Council had cleared a proposal million each. The modular construction for 116 in number 30mm guns for the method will be employed by the Mazagon warships in 2012. A RFI for 30 in number Dock Ltd and Garden Reach Shipbuilders 40mm guns with Electro Optical Firing Sys- and Engineers Ltd (GRSE), who will deliver tems has also been issued. three and four vessels respectively. The Shivalik class of ships carry short- and Torpedoes medium-range anti-air missiles, anti-ship/ Lightweight torpedoes (LWT) are launched anti-land attack missiles, CIWS, 76.2mm by surface ships, helicopters, and fixed- gun, ASW rocket launchers and triple tube wing aircrafts. A few of the notable light- heavy weight torpedo launchers. weight torpedoes include the European Project 28 anti-submarine warfare MU90 produced by Eurotorp, The Mk 54 : The corvettes being built under DRDO’s Varunastra by Raytheon and the A244S developed by Project 28 have been conceived as the IN’s WASS. The MU90 is a NATO-standard cali- ASW vessels for the 21st century as well bre (323,7mm) fire-and-forget LWT of 304 as being aimed at encouraging private / MkIII, CADAM Turret standard (Cadence The CIWS gun systems continue to be kg and 285 cm length, designed to counter participation in shipbuilding. The first of Améliorée meaning “improved rate of favoured as a terminal effort to tackle on any type of nuclear or conventional subma- the series, INS Kamorta, built by GRSE has fire”), / Loire 100mm / MK55 Mod 68, Oto coming ASCMs, despite the disadvantages rine. The US MK 54 torpedo is 271 cm to already been commissioned. Kamorta dis- Breda 127/54, Oto Melara 127/64, and Giat they display with respect to the CIWS 287 cm, weighs between 276 kg and 293 kg, places 3,500 tonnes and is 110 metre in CADAM Turret. The auxiliary guns include, missile systems. In fact CIWS today have and has a diameter of 32 cm. Its process- length and 14 metre at the beam. It has a Oto Breda 40/L70 twin, Mauser EADS MLG evolved to employ both guns as well as mis- ing power, coupled with the MK 48 ADCAP maximum speed of 25 kt with an endur- 30/27 mm, Rheinmetall GDM-08 with MSP siles. Some major CIWS are Mk 15 Phalanx and MK 50 detection, editing and tracking ance of about 3,500 nautical miles. These 500, Oerlikon Gam/BO 1, Allied Telesyn DS (USA), Goalkeeper (Netherlands), DARDO algorithms, provides an effective weapon ships have medium-range anti-air missiles, 30M automated small calibre gun system, (Italy), and the AK-630 (Russia). The US in both littoral and open-ocean waters. The 76.2mm gun, CIWS, ASW rocket launchers, Rheinmetall RH 202. The close in weapon Navy has ~250 of the Raytheon’s Mk 15 Mod A244/S is a 324mm diameter, 2.8-metre and heavy weight torpedo tube launchers. systems includes; Mauser Oerlikon MeRoKa, 21-28 Phalanx CIWS autonomous combat long, and 244 kg weight torpedo. It has a Project 75I submarines: IN now plans Signaal GAU-8/A, GE / GDC MK 15 Mod 2, systems mounted on the US naval ships. It cruise/surge speed of 30/39 kts, with a to build all the six submarines indigenously. Raytheon / Diehl RIM 116 Block 1 HAS. can be used also against small craft and for range of 6 km and depth up to 600 metre. The Italian Oto Melara 127/64 LW light anti-air warfare. Incidentally, The US Navy’s A lightweight, anti-submarine torpedo GUNS weight naval gun is used on board the Ital- requirements for the LPD 17 and LCS ship TAL that can be launched from both, surface Traditionally naval ships have been ian FREMM and the German F125 frigates. programmes included the need for weapon ships and helicopters has been developed equipped with a heavy gun (57mm calibre This rapid-fire gun can be installed on large- systems capable of defeating small, fast, by Naval Science and Technological Labora- upwards), an auxiliary gun of up to 35mm and medium-size ships, for surface fire and highly manoeuvrable surface craft. The tory (NSTL), a Defence Research and Devel- calibre, and a small ca libre gun for close naval gunfire support, with anti-aircraft fire Mk 46 GWS was selected to provide these opment Organisation (DRDO) laboratory. It air/ missile defense, the number of turrets as its secondary role. The compactness of ships a capability against small surface is being produced by Bharat Dynamics Ltd. depending upon the size and role of the the gun feeding system makes it possible craft. The Mk 46 GWS is a remotely oper- (BDL), Hyderabad. It has a speed of 33 kt, a specific ship. These guns are not effective to install it on narrow section crafts. The ated naval gun system that uses 30mm high range of 7 km, and a warhead with an explo- at very close ranges against surface craft gun can fire all standard 127mm/5 inches velocity cannon, a forward looking infrared sive weight of 50 kg. Twenty-five TAL torpe- due to inability of the guns to rapidly train, ammunition including the new Vulcano sensor, a low light television camera, and does have been ordered by the IN. There is, elevate, or depress to prosecute swarming long-range guided ammunition. Vulcano is a a laser rangefinder for shipboard self- however, a long-term requirement of a state- targets from different directions at close family of extended range unguided ammu- defence against small, high speed surface of-the-art LWT that can be produced in India. quarters. Examples of some heavy guns nition and long-range guided ammunition targets. The gun can be operated locally at include Oto Melara 76mm gun, (traditional for the 127mm naval guns and 155mm land the gun turret or remotely at the Remote

www.spsnavalforces.com /compatto/rapid), Bofors 57/70mm MkII artillery system. Operating Console in the Combat Informa- Continued on page 10

6 5/2014 Unique.Unique. AheadAhead ofof thethe Art.Art. Unique. Ahead of the Art.

ShinMaywaShinMaywaShinMaywa Advert_for Advert_for Advert_for MYB MYB MYB & & MAI.indd &MAI.indd MAI.indd 1 1 1 20/11/1220/11/1220/11/12 2:18 2:18 PM 2:18 PM PM ShinMaywa1-13_SP's NavalForces Advert for NF.indd 5-2013.indd 1 14 24/01/1325/01/14 3:481:54 PMPM  south east asia Indonesian Navy on the Threshold of Modernisation

Indonesia has a coastline of 54,716 km and maritime claims include exclusive economic zone of 200 nm (about 374 km) and 12 nm (about 22 km) of territorial sea when measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines

Photograph: US Navy n Lt General Naresh Chand (retd)

eoPolitical. Indonesia is an archipelago located in South East Asia. The archi- pelago contains 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited) which is stra- Gtegically located astride or along major sea lanes connecting the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Its natural resourc- es include petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold and silver. It suffers occa- sional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes and forest fires. Indonesia contains the most number of volcanoes in the world, with about 76 still active. It has a coastline of 54,716 km and maritime claims include exclu- sive economic zone (EEZ) of 200 nautical miles (about 374 km) and 12 nm (about 22 km) of territorial sea when measured from claimed archipelagic straight base- lines. Indonesia maintains close relation- ships with its neighbours in Asia, and is a founding member of ASEAN and the East Asia Summit. It has also rejuvenated its relations with China after the freeze during the Suharto era. Indonesia was a founder of the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of the Islamic Con- ference (now the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation). Indonesia is signatory to the ASEAN Free Trade Area agreement, the Cairns Group and the WTO. Indonesia has also been receiving humanitarian and development aid, particularly from the US, Western Europe, Australia and Japan. Indonesian Navy Sigma-class KRI Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM 367) US has also been assisting Indonesia on security matters with US Pacific Command in BRIC nations. During 2012 Indonesia’s to Indonesian traditional fishing and Angkatan Darat [TNI-AD]), Air Force (TNI- overseeing it. US has also been providing GDP (purchasing power parity) of $1.237 placed selective restrictions. Land and mar- Angkatan Udara (TNI-AU)), National Air Foreign Military Financing for the Indone- trillion was 16th in the world. The GDP was itime negotiations with Malaysia are ongo- Defense Command (Kommando Pertah- sian Navy. Joint naval exercises include $868.35 billion (official exchange rate) in ing and disputed maritime area include anan Udara Nasional [Kohanudnas]) and annual South East Asia Cooperation and 2013. Its GDP in terms of real growth rate in the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil Navy (TNI-Angkatan Laut [TNI-AL]) which Training () exercise which began 2012 of 6.2 per cent was 43rd in the world. block in the Celebes Sea. Indonesia and includes marines (Korps Marinir, KorMar) in 2002, is a US Navy led annual multilat- It is estimated to slow down to 5.7 per cent Singapore continue to work on finalising and Naval Air Arm. eral naval exercise that aims at enhancing in 2014 and 6 per cent in 2015. their 1973 maritime boundary agreement Defence budget. Modernisation of information sharing and the coordination International maritime disputes. Indo- by defining disputed areas north of Indo- armed forces is expensive and Indonesia’s of maritime security responses between nesia has been trying to establish land and nesia’s Batam Island. Maritime delimita- defence budget so far has been modest. In South East Asian navies against terror- maritime boundaries with all of its neigh- tion talks continue with Palau and EEZ terms of percentage of GDP, it has been ism, smuggling, and piracy and other bours. EEZ or maritime boundaries have negotiations with Vietnam. Indonesia has 0.78 per cent in 2010, 0.67 per cent in 2011 illegal maritime activities in the region. not been established with Timor-Leste. All some concerns about China’s territorial and 0.78 per cent in 2012. In 2013 procure- It includes navies of Brunei, Indonesia, borders between Indonesia and Austra- claims in the South China Sea as China’s ment budget was estimated to be around Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand lia have been agreed upon bilaterally but ‘nine-dashed line’ which runs very close to $1.67 billion, while in 2014 it is likely to and US. Under the broad ambit of this a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of Jakarta’s Natuna Islands, and Chinese and rise to $1.8 billion. To give impetus to the Strategic Partnership, Indonesian Navy their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to Indonesian patrol boats were involved in modernisation of defence forces, President (TNI AL) and the Indian Navy have been be ratified by Indonesia’s legislature. Indo- a few incidents (during 2010 and even in Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono promised in carrying out coordinated patrolling twice nesian also challenges Australia’s claim to March 2013) near the islands where Indo- 2010 to increase defence spending to 1.5 a year since 2002, called Indian–Indonesia Ashmore Reef where Australia has closed nesian Navy was trying to prevent illegal per cent of GDP by 2014. If that happens, Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT) near the parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve fishing by arresting Chinese fishermen but Indonesia will have a defence budget of International Maritime Boundary Line to were deterred by threat of force by Chinese $14–15 billion range or more, subject to its keep this vital part of the Indian Ocean ships. While Indonesia has no claims in the economy continues to grow by 6 to 7 per region safe and secure for commercial Indonesia has some concerns South China Sea, China’s ‘nine-dashed line’ cent annually. If this happens then Indone- shipping and international trade 24th does overlap with the Indonesian EEZ when sia will become the largest defence spender edition of CORPAT has recently been con- about China’s territorial demarcated from the Natunas. This line in South East Asia. cluded on September 30, 2014. refers to the demarcation line used by the Economic environment. Indonesia has claims in the South China governments of China and Taiwan to stake Indonesian Navy had impressive political and economic devel- their claims in the South China Sea. Indo- The Navy faces non-traditional maritime opments in recent years with the optimistic Sea as China’s ‘nine-dashed nesia expects that such incidents are going security challenges in Indonesia’s EEZ, forecast that it could become the world’s to increase in the future and thus has to such as illegal fishing, piracy, human ten largest economies as early as 2030. With line’ which runs very close to develop its Navy to counter them. and drug trafficking. Due to the frequent India’s poor record of economic reforms in Jakarta’s Natuna Islands disasters, the Navy also prepares seriously the recent past which has resulted in slow- Armed Forces to improve its capability for Humanitar- down of economic growth, many economic Indonesian armed forces (Tentara Nasi- ian Assistance and Disaster Relief. The

www.spsnavalforces.com experts feel that Indonesia may replace India onal Indonesia, TNI) include Army (TNI- example of Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004

8 5/2014 south east asia

with its epicentre off the west coast of frigates, and Tripartite class minehunt- rejected as they did not meet their relations with the Indonesian Navy and Sumatra, Indonesia, resulting in the con- ers), former Yugoslavia ( escort requirements and are available at dis- DSME go back to January 2010 when it was firmed death of 1,30,736 in Indonesia KRI Kihajar Dewantara 364; counted prices. contracted by DSME for the upgrade of alone with countless missing or homeless; Korea, (‘Patrol Ship Killer-Missiles and zz The Navy has a modest air arm which Indonesian Navy KRI still haunts the country. The Indonesian Tacoma class landing ship tank), UK (ex- was primarily equipped for naval recon- Nanggala for replacing the legacy Signaal Navy is the largest navy in South East Asia Tribal class) and Germany (209 class sub- naissance and coastal patrol duties. SINBADS weapon control system with two based on the number of active personnel marine). PT PAL is Indonesia’s main ship- It has already received the first of the multifunction common consoles and a TBI and ships. All commissioned ships of the yard with expertise in merchant and naval three maritime patrol aircraft CN235 110A torpedo board interface. Navy have the prefix KRI (Kapal Perang vessels production, general engineering, MPA version (jointly developed by CASA Republik Indonesia), which means Repub- nautical repair and maintenance. In 1983, of Spain and Indonesia) and plans to Kongsberg’s MSI-90U Mk 2 lic of Indonesia warship. under licence from Frederick Luerssen- buy 11 anti-submarine helicopters in Submarine command teams must have the Background. The Indonesian Navy was Werft Germany, the Company initiated a 2014 which may be Seasprite or Agusta. best tools while dealing with the massive established on August 22, 1945, following FPB building programme for navy, cus- zz The US had provided Indonesia with 12 volume of data that is produced by the the Indonesian Proclamation of Indepen- toms and police. This capability continues surveillance radars for the surveillance submarines’ more and more sophisticated dence. It was formed as the Agency of the to be evolved to bigger FPBs from 28 m to of the Malacca Strait and the Makassar sensors. MSI-90U Mk 2 Submarine Combat People’s Security Sea Service with only a 57 m and yachts of 60 m. The shipyard Strait during 2008. US has also funded Management System is designed specifi- small assortment of wooden ships, land- also started making tankers of 3,000 DWT an Integrated Maritime Surveillance cally for this. It is based on a fully distrib- ing crafts and whatever systems Japan left to 3,500 DWT with technology transfer System which includes coastal sur- uted, easily-upgradeable open computer after its surrender. During the war of inde- from Japan. They have also made Landing veillance stations, ship-based radars, architecture, laid out around a high-band- pendence war (1945-49), predecessor of Platform Dock 125m, Vehi- regional command and two fleet com- width data bus and employing state-of- TNI-AL was able to conduct sea expeditions cle and personnel, Landing Craft Unit etc. mand centres. the-art software. The standardised multi- to various areas out of Java to establish This year the company has already signed zz Indonesia also maintains a small function operator consoles, equipped with naval establishment including naval bases. the contract to supply a total of two stra- marine corps with amphibious capabil- the latest flat-screen LCD displays, offer These naval operations helped in encour- tegic sealift vessels to the Philippine Navy. ity. It has also established an indepen- the most user friendly human-computer aging resistance against the Dutch and Other developments are: dent body, the Indonesia Sea and Coast interface available today. MSI-90U Mk 2 establishing armed forces. After Indonesia zz In April 2011, PT PAL, jointly with Neth- Guard (KLKP) in 2009. is a further development of the success- achieved independence in 1949, it started erland, started designing a new light Submarines. Indonesia is located along ful MSI-90U system. The MSI includes consolidating its Navy with the induction of application functions like sensor integra- ex-Koninklijke Marine (KM) ships, corvettes Photograph: tnial.mil.id tion, sensor administration and control, and destroyers. On December 5, 1959, ALRI contact/target correlation, target motion established a fleet to organise, operate analysis, classification and identification. and increase its resources. The establish- It can carry out decision support and ment of a fleet was a milestone which was advisory functions, Tactical functions achieved in December 1959. The promul- and weapon functions include torpedo gation of the Indonesian EEZ in the 1980s preparation firing, and control, as well as gave further impetus for Indonesia to mod- missile preparation and firing, mine func- ernise its Navy. To develop its Navy into a tions and torpedo counter-measures func- more professional, effective and modern tions. The MSI-90U Mk 2 system is capable navy, Indonesia initiated a development of performing simultaneous automatic and management programme, including and operator-in-the-loop target motion the maintenance of forces through an inte- analysis computation for more than 100 grated fleet weapons system. To achieve targets. The system can prepare and con- minimum maritime capability for sea trol up to eight torpedoes (Type DM2A3, denial, the fleet was expanded by acquiring Type DM2A4, Type A184 Mod. 3, Black ships from Netherland, erstwhile Yugosla- Shark/NSP or SUT) simultaneously in the via, UK and Germany. The national ship- water. The system is prepared for firing yard PT PAL also started producing fast and control up to four missiles (UGM-84 patrol boats (FPB). SubHarpoon, SM 39 Exocet). Development Organisation. The Navy’s headquarters activities are on to integrate the IDAS is at Jakarta under the overall command (Interactive Defence & Attack System for of Chief of Staff. It has the Submarines) missile. located at Surabaya and the Indra of Spain has tied up with DSME at Jakarta which were established in 1985. to provide the three submarines with its It also has a marine corps, a small air arm radar signal detection system and a Low and a military sealift command. KRI Ki Hajar Dewantara Probability of Intercept radar system. The value of the contract is in excess of $12.9 Naval Force levels and Modernisation for ASW purposes. It will be the one of the world’s most critical submarine m. Indra’s system will help submarines to Currently the Indonesian Navy is focusing largest warship built by PT PAL. The first choke points due to the Strait of Malacca detect and analyse any radar signals that on ‘Green Water’ capability, due to its mari- steel cutting ceremony was held in Janu- through which a large percentage of the might be in their surroundings and iden- time environment, by acquiring small size, ary 2014 and order for two PKR ships is shipping trade moves. Add to this the tify the emitter by type of vessel, subma- modern frigates and corvettes equipped confirmed. They will be equipped with shallow littoral waters around the Indo- rine or aircraft. with anti-ship missiles reinforced by a VL Mica missiles and Oerlikon Millen- nesian archipelago and the area becomes large number of FPBs and guided-missile nium Close-in weapon system. ideal submarine hunting grounds however Modernisation Plans attack craft. Effort is also on to increase zz Indonesian Navy has accepted a Indonesia has only 2 “Cakra class”/ U209 In 2010 Indonesia formulated Strategic its coastal combatants and improved capa- grant of two British made, used patrol submarines and thus has to rely on its Defence Plan for developing a ‘Minimum bility to rapidly deploy troops within the boats equipped with guided missiles surface fleet for maritime security. Indo- Essential Force’ (MEF) 2024 which includes archipelago. Currently there are some from Brunei. nesian Navy has projected a force level of ambitious plans like acquiring a 274-ship critical gaps in long-range maritime sur- zz During January 2012, the Navy had 10 submarines by 2024 when its 2 Cakra navy and 12 new diesel–electric subma- veillance, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), confirmed the order for the 24 guided- class submarines will also be obsolescent rines. 274 ships include 110 surface com- mining/countermining and subsurface missile fast boats for deploying in shal- if not obsolete. Daewoo Shipbuilding of batants, 66 patrol vessels and 98 support capability. Future plans include acquisition low waters. In December 2013 Indone- had won a contract during ships. The focus still remains the devel- of limited ‘Blue Water’ capability for local sia had inducted 4 KCR-40s (40 m Fast December 2011 for $1.07 billion to pro- opment of ‘Green Water’ capability which force projection, protecting its EEZ against Missile Boat). vide three 1,400-tonne Type 209 Chang will concentrate on developing maritime other nations like China. zz Indonesian Navy also plans to acquire Bogo class submarines, two of which are anti-access capabilities—such as anti-ship Current force level. The Indonesian three new British corvettes. Initially to be built in South Korea, while the third missiles, fast attack craft, submarines, Navy has approximately 213 ships of all they were built for Brunei but were one is to be assembled in Indonesia by PT shore-launched missiles, land-based tacti- types, consisting of 11 major surface com- PAL. The first two boats are to be deliv- cal fighter aircraft, sea mining and amphib- batants, 72 patrol and coastal combatants, ered in 2015 and 2016; the third has been ious warfare assets. These plans take into 11 ships for mine warfare and mine coun- Kongsberg’s relations with scheduled for 2018. The project is lagging account the security of its EEZ and 13,000 termeasures, 5 major amphibious ships, 26 behind and revised schedule is for two islands stretching from the Andaman Sea landing ships, 54 landing craft, 2 subma- the Indonesian Navy and submarines to be delivered in 2017 and and India’s Andaman and Nicobar Islands rines and 32 logistics and support vessels. DSME go back to January the submarine from PT PAL in 2019-20. PT to Timor and Arafura Sea with close prox- However many of them are obsolete and PAL has also been allotted $250 million to imity to Australia. SP need urgent replacement. 2010 when it was contracted upgrade its facilities. Force accretion. All navies have to Kongsberg Defence Systems’ Naval Editor’s note: Recently Indonesia has build minimum maritime capability for by DSME for the upgrade of Systems & Surveillance division has been elected a new President ‘Joko Widodo’. sea denial, to ensure national security. To awarded a $55.5 million contract by Dae- Considering that Indonesia is the world’s achieve such a capability Indonesian Navy Indonesian Navy Type 209 woo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineer- biggest Islamic nation, its strategic loca- is carrying on modernisation by acquir- ing (DSME) for the supply of MSI-90U Mk tion straddling the sea lines of commu- ing modern, high technology naval ships submarine 2 submarine command and fire control nications and President’s Joko’s focus on from multiple countries, including Nether- system components for three new sub- maritime affairs it is essential that Prime land (Fatahilah class corvettes, ‘Van Spijk’ marines under construction. Kongsberg’s Minister engages Indonesia in a big way.

5/2014 9  weapons

Major Weapon Requirements... continued from page 6

Surface ships in ASW role mainly launch speed of Mach 7. It is likely to be ready modern and tuned to cater to the stringent facturer. It currently has orders worth over heavyweight torpedoes. Few of the notable for testing by 2017. qualitative requirements of guided weapon `18,000 crore. BDL is also the lead integra- heavyweight torpedoes include the US MK zz is said to be an all-weather systems. Special process facilities such as tor for all missiles and torpedoes for the 48 ADCAP, the Russian 53-65 KE, and electri- low-cost long-range with flow forming and electron beam welding Indian armed forces. cal torpedoes, the Italian Blackshark and the stealth and high accuracy. The mis- have been set up and ensure reliable inputs. In conclusion it can be appreciated that German Seehect. Hughes Aircraft produce sile may have a range of 1,000 km and Environmental test facilities as motion with ‘Make in India’ thrust there is every pos- the US MK 48 ADCAP wire guided torpedo. weigh about one tonne with a length simulators, walk-in test chambers etc., are sibility that the best of weapon OEMs would This thermal torpedo has a range of 30 km of 6 metres. It will be capable of being utilized to test the products simulating the come to India for production of advanced at 65 kts and 50 km at 40 kts. Whitehead launched from multiple platforms on environmental conditions as encountered weapon systems for use by the Indian Sistemi Subacquei has developed Black- land, sea, and air for induction into by the weapon system in operational con- armed forces as well as for sale to other shark. It has advanced ECCM, motor design Indian Navy, Army and Air Force. It is ditions. It is a profit-earning Mini Ratna – countries. It is also makes good business and battery, giving it a speed of +50 km at likely to carry nuclear warheads also. Category-I company by the Government of sense to establish a long lasting relationship +50 kts. Atlas Elecktronik manufactures As far as indigenous manufacture of India. BDL is poised to enter new avenues to enable reaping benefits over decades due Seehecht, DM2A4. It was the first torpedo to torpedoes and missiles is concerned, the of manufacturing covering a wide range to requirements of regular spares, mainte- be fitted with a fibre optic wire guidance sys- (BDL) is one of of weapon systems such as surface-to-air nance, retrofitting and upgrades. SP tem. IN has issued an RFI for heavyweight India’s leading manufacturers of guided missiles, air defence systems, heavyweight torpedoes for its Scorpene submarines and weapon systems. The manufacturing and torpedoes, air-to-air missiles etc., making The author is former DGNI and Senior warships in pipeline. The Indian Navy is also testing facilities established at BDL are it a world-class defence equipment manu- Fellow at New Westminster College, Canada carrying out sea trials of Varunastra, heavy- weight, electric-powered torpedo developed at NSTL. It is wire-guided and has a range of 30 km. The launch weight of Varunastra is 1,500 kg and it is capable of doing speeds up to of 38 kt. It has a 250 kg warhead. Var- unastra may also be inducted once the trials are successful. A formidable heavyweight torpedo with ranges >80 km manufactured Indispensable in India would go a long way to address the future needs of the IN.

Missiles Some of the naval cruise missiles worth mentioning are the BrahMos, the Toma- hawk, the Klub, and the Exocet. BrahMos is produced by BrahMos Aerospace Pvt Ltd, which is a JV between India and Russia. BrahMos has the capability of attacking sur- face targets by flying as low as 5 metres in altitude and the maximum altitude it can fly Reference is 14 km. It has a diameter of 70 cm and a wingspan of 1.7 metres. It can gain a speed of Mach 2.8, and has a maximum range of 290 km. With induction into the IN and the Indian Army (land attack version), it has also become a cross service missile.Yearbook Further,Milita SP’s it is likely to be inducted into the Indian Air Force and Indian naval submarines once tri- als are completed. Tomahawk by Raytheon SP’s is perhaps the most famous and widely 2014 used cruise missile. The current version - is network-centric and can utilize data from a variety of inputs like UAVs, Military satellites and ground forces. Retargeting during r its

MUST BUY FORy THE INDUSTRY KEEN TOWARDS BUSINESS IN flight is possible due Yearbook to its loitering fea- 2015 THE MOST ture.SOUGHT The Rus- AFTERsince DESTINATIONS 1965 SUCH AS INDIA42nd issue

sian2015 Klub is2014 an anti-

ship- ping subsonic missile with a - supersonic terminal speed of 2.9 Mach. It has a warhead of 200 kg and a range of 220 km. Exocet missile, From 50 Years Old Media House produced by MBDA, is a sea-skim- ming turbojet missile with a range of +180 km. It has a warhead of 165 kg. IN has ordered the submarine fired version of this missile, namely the SM 39, for the Scorpene submarines under acquisition. Finmeccanica and India: There is a need here to mention Barak in the spirit of partnership. 8, which is an Indo-Israeli medium-range surface-to-air missile for anti-aircraft/ anti- missile/anti-UAV role. It has a length of 4.5 metres, with a diameter of 0.54 metre,

and weighs 275 kg with a 60 kg proxim42nd issue - ity warhead. The missile has a range of 70 km with a maximum speed of Mach 2. This missile would replace missile. Reserve Your Two other missiles, which are likely to Own Copies, Now! be deployed by the Navy in future, include: zz BrahMos Mark II, which is a hypersonic [email protected] cruise missile currently under devel- opment by BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited. The BrahMos-II is expected to

www.spsnavalforces.com utilize a scramjet engine for achieving a

SP's MYB 1415 ADVERT_LF_NF.indd 1 10/06/14 10:39 AM 10 5/2014 editor-in-chief

Price: Inland Rs 8,275.00; jayant baranwal Foreign (Surface Mail): Stg. £ 436.00; US$ 776.00

SP military yearbook 110x181_11.indd 1 27/06/12 10.39

SP's MYB Cover 2014-2015_Final.indd 1 heritage_220-275_2013-10-11.indd 1 11/10/13 10:36 18/04/14 11:12 AM show report / euronaval 2014 Asia and Middle East Driving Demand for Ships Economic growth in Asia and the Middle East is driving demand in those regions and increasing the importance attached to maritime matters

Photographs: esdpa.org, Finmeccanica, Thales, IAI

(Clockwise from top left): The French Minister of Defence with the CEO of MBDA Antoine Bouvier, Oto Melara presents the new HITROLE 20mm cannon, Thales launches new SearchMaster multi-role surveillance radar, IAI’s KATANA USV combat marine system

n Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) who had special pavilions, besides a num- Exhibitors and their Products – first time the naval version of its combat ber of new exhibiting nations like , An Overview proven Excalibur precision-guided projec- lobally there are over Belgium, Korea and . tile: The Excalibur N5. The N5 retains all 500 new maritime construction The programme also included confer- Rafael’s range of products the capabilities of the land version, has programmes with a total of ences on important subjects like “Devel- Spotlite-M: Rafael highlighted the Spotlite- been adapted to be fired from a 5-inch more than 3,800 new surface opment of Types of Sea Conflicts between M, an advanced electro-optic systems for (127mm) naval gun with a range of 50 km vessels and submarines. There Today and 2025”; “The Contribution of weapon fire sources Detection location clas- with an average miss distance of 2 m. Gis heightened activity all over and one International Cooperation for Maintaining sification and tracking applications. The Phalanx Close-in Weapon Systems platform that offers excellent opportunity a Powerful Industrial Tool” and “Reindus- system incorporates state-of-the-art fully (CIWS): Raytheon announced the signing to interact, network and exchange ideas, trialisation and Support of Medium-sized operational day and night passive sensors of a multi-year bulk buy contract total- besides firming up business, is one of the Companies”. Patrick Boissier said that there for multiple fire sources threats detection. ling over $200 million to provide Phalanx topmost events – Euronaval. is a growing awareness worldwide that the Typhoon: Rafael displayed the CIWS upgrade kits, support equipment Euronaval held every alternate year, future will play out at sea. To be part of Typhoon MLS-ER Naval Missile System. The and hardware spares to the Japan Mari- offers unique networking opportunity for it, countries will need to exploit the oceans system includes Spike-ER missiles, launch- time Self-Defense Force). The CIWS is an industry involved in naval defence, mari- and secure their territorial waters and EEZs ers, an electro-optical director and a fire integral element of Japan’s Ship Self- time safety and security, shipbuilding and to protect their sovereign interests. control system. Rafael also presented the Defense Programme. manufacture of systems and equipment. C-GEM, a new shipborne off-board active TALON: Raytheon and L-3 demon- Specialists, policy makers and users all Asia and Middle East driving demand Decoy, which defeats modern radars and strated a second successful test of the over the world visit Euronaval held in Paris On demand for ships, he said it varies from missiles. It can be packed into standard TALON Rocket Remote Weapon Sys- to be exposed to current and future trends, region to region. The US market – the biggest size chaff rockets. The system includes tem (TALON RRWS), an innovative and and interact with each other. It is an ideal of all – remains closed to outsiders. China, low-power technique generator and high cost-effective defence solution for small platform for the companies to show their another growing market, is also closed. In ERP transmitter arrays which generate vessel protection. products to the decision makers of global Europe, defence budgets are, regrettably, effective jamming countermeasures. maritime nations. shrinking so demand is weak. Europe used C-Dome: Rafael presented for the first Thales range of products and solutions Euronaval 2014, held from October to account for a third of worldwide demand, time the C-Dome Naval Point Defense Sys- Compact FLASH dipping sonar system: 27-31 in Paris, has had a good show, consid- but now only a quarter. Economic growth in tem. The Sea Spotter, an advanced Naval Thales announced its first Compact FLASH ering that there has been a significant rise Asia and the Middle East is driving demand IRST system that will enable a naval ves- dipping sonar system has passed its fac- in the official delegations. Patrick Boissier, in those regions and increasing the impor- sel to automatically locate and pinpoint tory acceptance test, the first test for this Euronaval & Gican President, said with 352 tance attached to maritime matters. Some threats and targets located around it with- new variant of the highly successful FLASH exhibitors from 28 countries, it’s bigger navies that used to focus on coastal waters out being exposed to enemy systems, was family of dipping sonars. than in 2012. And with 55 per cent of the are moving into blue water operations and also at the show. I-MAST 500: In an effort to combine exhibitors from outside France, it has reaf- some are investing in submarines. Brazil its different existing products, Thales pro- firmed its international appeal. This year and other South American countries are Raytheon presents Excalibur N5 poses its new integrated mast I-MAST 500. has been special for Australia and India expanding their navies. Excalibur N5: Raytheon showcased for the I-Mast 500 integrates a I-Mast 400, already

5/2014 11  show report / euronaval 2014

Photographs: Raytheon, Airbus DS, Saab, MBDA

(Clockwise from top left): Raytheon TALON laser-guided rocket, Airbus Defence & Space signs cooperation agreement with DCNS for the development of TANAN ship-based UAS, Saab Double Eagle MkIII, MBDA-SIMBAD-RC

installed on Dutch OPV Holland class, and ment of unmanned underwater vehicles – marine systems and the MEOS II optronic ready-to-fire Mistral missiles, already in ser- an Active Phased Array Radar (APAR). to improve the performance and safety of unit for surface systems. vice with the French Navy and with several Thales I-Mast 500 offers all the necessary conventional-propulsion submarines. Airbus Defence & Space and DCNS signed navies around the world. capacities needed by modern ships. SMX Ocean: DCNS also unveiled the a cooperation agreement to develop a ship- SearchMaster: is a multi-role surveil- SMX Ocean conventionally powered attack based helicopter unmanned aerial system MTU lance radar with the ability to meet all the submarine which draws extensively on capability. This technological partnership Under the brand MTU, Rolls-Royce pre- surveillance requirements of five mission the design of a state-of-the-art nuclear- will help to speed up the market release of sented propulsion and system solutions types: anti-surface warfare, anti-submarine powered submarine, with a number of key the TANAN vertical take-off and landing tac- for the naval defence and marine sectors warfare, maritime surveillance, ground sur- innovations that give this diesel-electric tical helicopter UAS. with focus on the new diesel gensets based veillance and tactical air support. adaptation truly outstanding performance. on Series 1600 and Series 4000, advanced Sea Fire 500: This is a new multifunc- Aerospace Industries (IAI) developments on the proven Series 1163 tion naval radar with a fully solid-state four Insitu IAI has expanded its best-selling maritime main propulsion unit and the Callosum panel phased-array antenna, designed for Insitu announced the ScanEagle 2, the next surveillance radar family, having displayed automation system. The MTU brand is part large surface combatants. generation of its revolutionary ScanEagle models of the two new additions i.e. ELM- of Rolls-Royce Power Systems within the SeeMapper: SeeMapper is a turnkey platform. Leveraging lessons learned from 2022ES radar and the ELM-2022ML light- Land & Sea division of Rolls-Royce. system designed to protect shipping lanes, more than 8,00,000 operational hours, Sca- weight radar. port access channels, naval bases and pri- nEagle 2 provides increased payload power Fincantieri PPA vately operated underwater installations. and expanded payload options, a more Lockheed Martin Fincantieri PPA (Pattugliatore Polivalente The system provides continuous, high- robust navigation system, better image The resurgence of piracy on the high seas, D’Altura), offshore polyvalent patrol, was resolution mapping of the sea-bed using a quality due to a fully digital video system the increasing difficulty in protecting sov- displayed for the first time at Euronaval 14. towed synthetic aperture sonar deployed and a state-of-the-art, purpose-built pro- ereign shorelines and defence budget The vessel can perform a wide range of off- by a service vessel. pulsion system. restrains demand an advanced, yet afford- shore patrolling missions due to its modular Thales BlueWatcher: Thales announced able, maritime security solution. Countries sections conception. PPA have been chosen a new range of compact sonars for surface Sagem (Safran) signs contract with MBDA now need ships designed to counter mul- by Italian Navy for the replacement pro- combatants and patrol vessels displacing Simbad RC: Sagem announced that it has tiple threats arising in the open ocean to gramme of Italian corvettes, patrol vessels 300 tonnes or more. Easy to install and oper- signed a contract with MBDA to supply coastal waters. Lockheed Martin’s offers and Durand de la Penne destroyers. ate, the new products include a hull-mounted several dozen Matis SP thermal imagers fast, survivable and affordable international sonar, the Thales BlueWatcher, and an asso- for Simbad RC (remote control) surface-to- surface combatant designs – the multi-mis- Saab ciated towed array sonar, the Captas-1. air launcher stations to be delivered to an sion combat ship and surface combat ship – Saab exhibited for the first time a large unidentified navy. can meet the needs and counter the threats, range of naval remotely operated systems, Schiebel’s UAS ANL/Sea Venom: It has also signed a quickly and affordably. such as the Double Eagle MkIII propelled Austrian company Schiebel presented an contract with MBDA to develop and pro- variable depth sonar (PVDS) MkIII. upgraded variant of its well-known Cam- duce the infrared seeker for the upcoming Oto Melara copter S-100 unmanned aerial system (UAS). light antiship missile, the ANL/Sea Venom, Oto Melara unveiled its new multi-barrel Nexter During the show Schiebel chose to integrate a joint French-British programme launched cannon HITROLE – 20mm RWS, which is a Nexter exported a number of NARWHAL the Selex ES SAGE advanced digital electronic within the scope of the Lancaster House modern, fully stabilised, electrically oper- 20A remote weapon stations (RWS with 20 support measures system on its drone. treaty signed in November 2010. ated and remotely controlled naval weapon x 102 ammunitions) to Lebanon. A com- BlueNaute: Sagem (Safran) announced system, which can provide an effective, pany representative also declared that the DCNS capabilities that it has delivered the 200th BlueNaute short range self-defence for small boats NARWHAL 20B (with 20x139 ammunitions) Unmanned Underwater Vehicle D19: precision attitude and heading reference as well as the secondary armament for any will be fitted on board French Navy’s Mis- Especially for Navy Recognition, DCNS systems for civilian maritime applications. class of ship. tral class LHDs. presented its new unmanned underwater Vehicle D19. This new vehicle is developed Airbus DS cooperation agreement MBDA GE Marine to accomplish a wide range of missions, OMS 110 and 200: Airbus Defence & MBDA announced that the SIMBAD-RC ship GE Marine, one of the world’s leading manu- including ISR, electronic warfare, etc. Space presented its optics and optron- self-defence system has now entered the facturers of aero-derivative marine gas tur- Major innovations: DCNS unveiled ics systems for naval applications for qualification phase, first deliveries of which bines, had a complete range of gas turbines major innovations in three key areas – submarines systems as well as surface will occur in 2015. The SIMBAD-RC is the from 6,000 to 57,300 shaft horsepower. improved submerged endurance, enhanced system. The twin optronic mast solution, “remote controlled” variant of the SIMBAD GE gas turbines—the LM500, LM2500,

SP www.spsnavalforces.com surface intelligence gathering, and deploy- with OMS 110 and OMS 200, is for sub- twin launcher system equipped with two LM2500+, LM2500+G4, and LM6000

12 5/2014 seminar report 50 Glorious Years of Indigenous Warship Design: Seminar Report

The Indian Navy and its design organisation has successfully converted the stumbling blocks into stepping stones and went on to augment the strength of the Navy’s Designers in this glorious journey of 50 years, now being the largest pool of Naval Architects in the country

Photograph: Indian Navy n Rear Admiral Sushil Ramsay (retd)

n international seminar “Future Trends and Oppor- tunities in Warship Design and Construction” was held on September 25, 2014, DRDO BAhawan, New Delhi to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Indian Navy’s Indigenous Warship Design. Admiral R.K. Dhowan, Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS), was the chief guest. The event was honoured by the presence of the Defence Secretary, R.K. Mathur, Flag Officers, Officers of the Indian Navy (IN) and officials from the Min- istry of Defence, Chairmen and Managing Directors of Shipyards, dignitaries from PSUs, classification societies and luminar- ies from the Ship Building Industry. During his address, the CNS said that in recognition of the need for develop- ment of indigenous capabilities, the Corps of Naval Constructors had been formed in 1954, followed by setting up of a Central Design Office (CDO) in 1964. In 1970, CDO emerged as the Directorate of Naval Design (DND) and it formed the bedrock of all war- ship design activities in the country. In the last five decades, India’s growing maritime self-reliance has facilitated the greater rec- ognition of the role that India plays in pro- viding stability in the Indian Ocean region. He also said that the DND has been a Directorate of Naval Design for their pro- first to make a presentation on the histori- Managing Director, Cochin Shipyard Limited. cornerstone for the construction of 119 fessionalism and relentless indigenisation cal perspective on force level planning of The first paper on ‘Green Technologies and warships and submarines of various types efforts to cater to the maritime security the modern IN since its formative years. He Practices: Application and Opportunities and sizes in our shipyards as of date. Dur- challenges faced by the nation. very succinctly brought out the transition for Naval Vessels’ was presented by Derek ing the address he said that this journey of The Navy’s Design Directorate is pos- and transformation of the Indian Navy from Novak, President/COO Pacific, ABS Tech- 50 years is a milestone in the self-reliance sibly the only uniformed Design Organisa- Buyer’s Navy to Builder’s Navy with indigeni- nologies. This presentation was followed by programme of IN and stressed that indi- tion in the world to possess self-sufficiency sation being the main pivot of its strategic yet another illuminating paper by Valeiry genisation of platforms, weapons, sensors and self-reliance in warship design and growth. He highlighted the need for devel- N. Poliakov, Krylov State Research Cen- and equipment, through participation of construction capability to produce state- oping the core competency and understand- tre, Russian Federation on ‘Future Trends public and private sectors will continue to of-the-art warships. Warships being a very ing the risks and its management. Towards in Design and Construction of Warships’. remain a focus area. The recently commis- complex entity, necessitates that the activi- greater focus on self-reliance through indi- Shashak Tripathi, Leader Strategic Analysis sioned warships INS Kolkata, INS Kamorta ties progress concurrently between the genisation he emphasised the need to adopt Group, PricewaterhouseCoopers, presented (in August 2014) and INS Sumitra (in early staff, design teams and the shipyard. The ‘Buy and Make Indian,’ as the pronounced an analytical overview of the warship design September 2014) appropriately demon- Directorate is linked with all major ship- policy the Government of India. and construction in India. While lauding the strate the immense potential of the country yards with well-equipped video conferenc- William Hunter Hilarides, achievements of the Directorate of Naval in indigenous warship design and building ing facility for quick, close and continuous Commander Naval Sea Systems Command, Design in glowing terms, he advanced the capability. He emphasised that “Roadmap interaction during the design and construc- US Navy, presented an enlightening paper thought process that warships should not for the Navy’s expansion and growth would tion process. Navy’s Design Organisation on ‘Considerations for the Design and Sus- just be battle worthy, they should be winner continue to remain firmly anchored on self- is unique in its own way as it assumes a tainment of Modern Warships’. He empha- worthy. At the culmination of the Session, reliance and indigenisation”. With 41 ships central and pivotal role in design and con- sised upon the development and intro- G.K. Harish, Additional Princi- and submarines under construction at vari- struction of warship projects and interacts duction of many common software and pal Director Naval Design (SSG) presented ous public and private shipyards within the with a host of agencies during the entire hardware for different classes of ships and the paper on ‘Design and Construction of country, CNS said, “We need to leverage design and construction process. The IN is submarines to achieve greater standardisa- Warships for the 21st Century’ on behalf of the shipbuilding capacities and capabilities passing through an intense phase of mod- tion, adoption of COTS technologies, etc., Professor David Andrews. available in our private and public sectors in ernisation and transformation. The induc- all to reduce cost in warship construction. The day-long seminar was most pro- a holistic manner to ensure that we provide tion programme of warships and weapon Professor Paul Wrobel, Professor of Naval fessionally organised, managed and was a our indigenisation vision the right impetus.” systems will have an increasing thrust on Construction at the University College of fitting tribute to the outstanding achieve- He further urged the ship designers to work indigenous design and construction. London, spoke on the ‘Challenges in Design ments, growth and development of IN’s in synergy with all shipyards and domain The proceedings of the Seminar began and Construction of Warships for the 21st home grown Warship Design Organisation. experts and absorb the best practices avail- with screening of a scintillating movie on Century’. Kireev Valeiry from Joint Stock The seminar very successfully advanced able the world-over to ensure that our “indigenous Warship Design of IN.” Company, SSTC of Russian Federation, the articulations from the experts of global future warships meet best global standards Session I was presided over by Rear presented a highly professional paper on repute with diverse specialisation to gen- in build quality, timelines and cost. Admiral N.P. Gupta (Retd), former Director ‘Stages of Cooperation and Industrial Base erate thought provoking and valuable con- CNS, in conclusion, congratulated General Naval Design (Surface Ship Group). of Shipbuilding in the XXI Century’. cepts to germinate visionary and futuristic Rear Admiral A.K. Saxena, Director Gen- Rear Admiral A.B. Singh, Assistant Chief Session II was chaired by Commodore approach in warship designs by the Direc- eral Naval Design and all personnel of the of Naval Staff (Perspective Planning), was Karthik Subrmaniam (Retd), Chairman and torate General of Naval Design. SP

5/2014 13  SP’s exclusives / News News in Brief

By SP’s Special Correspondent Second LCA Navy Prototype (640 x 512 FPA) thermal imager (TI) with exercise. As is well known, the main contrib- Ready To Fly optical zoom, colour day TV with optical utors to improvement in LCA Navy Mk.2 are Naval utility helicopter tender The second prototype of the LCA Navy zoom camera and eye-safe laser range higher thrust engine (the F414), increased scrapped, made bigger Mk.1, currently in ground and taxi tests, is finder (ELRF). The day TV camera and TI wingspan, lighter landing gear and struc- ready for its first flight and could take to the sport a narrow field of view (NFOV) of 0.8° ture, and improved systems layout towards air just after Diwali, top sources tell SP’s. x 0.6° and wide field of view (WFOV) of 5° better safety and maintainability. A design The first single-seat prototype of the naval x 4° with additional 2 X electronic zoom consultancy with Airbus Defence & Space jet incorporates the improved landing gear in TI. These sensors provide a recognition (formerley EADS/Cassidian) has been ini- that was created under a consultancy with range of 7 km for a NATO type of target. tialised following its assistance in the LCA Airbus Defence & Space (formerley EADS/ ELRF provides range of the target from Navy Mk.1. In the ineterim, computational Cassidian) and weight reduction, a pro- 200 m to 9,995 m with an accuracy of ± fluid dynamics (CFD) studies on several con- cess which will carry forward on the NP5 5 m. According to DRDO, “The modular figurations of LCA Navy Mk.2 have been car- (the second trainer prototype), which, as approach of this sight results into a quick ried out. Performance estimation with new SP’s reported in August this year, is being customisation for different applications GE-414-INS6 engine has also been carried Following the recent cancellation of the 197 planned as a risk mitigation exercise. The namely fire control solution for armoured out. The next phase will involve wind tunnel reconnaissance and surveillance helicopter first trainer prototype went supersonic in fighting vehicles, surveillance from high testing. Design iterations of LCA Navy Mk.2 (RSH) competition, the MoD has followed March this year with improvements, after speed boats and low altitude aerostat, and surface geometry has also been undertaken up by cancelling the 56 naval utility heli- being out of action and virtually on the tracking system for a QR-SAM.” The DRDO based on suggestions made by design con- copter (NUH) tender as well, and refloating drawing board for nearly two years after its will be looking to integrate the new sight sultant Airbus D&S and have been evaluated it as a similar ‘Buy & Make (Indian)’ com- first flight in 2012. In December this year, onto a slew of upcoming products. with CFD studies. “Meanwhile, based on the petition for 100 helicopters. The earlier the NP1 prototype that’s currently in a reg- design suggestions, design teams involv- tender saw Airbus Helicopters’ AS 565 MB ular routine of test flights will also make its Basic India-UAE Navy exercise ing aerodynamics, structures and various Panther (the militarised navalised Dauphin) first flight off the shore-based test facility in complete groups are working on the concept design and the AgustaWestland AW109 Koala LUH Goa. The NP1 has completed over 25 flights Its gaze fixed on anti-piracy operations, of LCA Navy Mk2,” says the the Aeronautical in the fray, though the contest had not pro- so far, notching up 21 sorties since it began securing seal lanes and strengthening link- Development Agency. gressed beyond the preliminary phase. The flying again in November last year, with ten ages with countries in the Indian Ocean An improved landing gear design, sup- Indian Navy has stipulated in the fresh RFI of those flights taking place since January region (IOR), the Indian Navy is upping the plied by Airbus Defence & Space is cur- that it needs the 100 helicopters to sport this year. The sortie generation rate on the tempo in deployments in the Indian Ocean. rently under review for implementation full SAR and utility capabilities, HADR NP1 is less than the desired rate, though a Following an advanced exercise involving on the Mk.2. “This would reduce landing (high availability disaster recover) capabil- concerted call has been taken at the Aero- destroyer INS Mysore, stealth frigates INS gear mass considerably,” admits ADA. All ity, anti-piracy & anti-terrorism and limited nautical Development Agency to take all Tabar and Tarkash and fleet tanker INS issues related to landing gear observed maritime surveillance & targeting capabil- precautions to study the new landing gear, Aditya last month, the UAE Navy conducted during initial block of flight testing on ity. Also, the helicopter should be twin- sink rate performance, etc. a smaller exercise with visiting Indian cadet the NP1 have been rectified. Part fabrica- engine platform, with a wheeled landing training ship earlier this week off Port tion of the arrester hook assembly and gear and bade fold capability. The helicop- Breakthrough in indigenous E/O Rashid. Three training ships, INS Tir, INS the actuator-cum-damper assembly have ter should be capable of operating from sensor tech Sujata and INS Tarangini were in the UAE been progress at ADA. The arrester hook ship and shore. For its required maritime for the overseas leg of the seamanship and assembly has been integrated on the NP2. surveillance and targeting capability, the navigation part of sail training. On board A modified arrester hook system conform navy has stipulated that weapons to meet INS Tir were over 100 officers fresh out of to the fuselage is being studied for imple- those roles will likely need to be fittable. the Naval Academy in Ezhimala. They will mentation on LCA Navy Mk2. The ‘Buy & Make (Indian)’ decision, which spend six months training to sail warships. The LCA Mk.2, both air force and navy the Narendra Modi Government has shown The visit to UAE comes at a time when variants, are intended for far improved its preference for, mandates purchase three frontline surface combatants from performance across the flight envelope, from an Indian vendor (including an Indian the Western fleet—destroyer INS Mumbai, including higher turn rates, acceleration company forming joint venture/ establish- frigates INS Teg and INS Talwar, and fleet and climb, a much smaller logistics and ing production arrangement with OEM), tanker INS Deepak—are on deployment to maintenance footprint, longer endurance followed by licensed production and indig- countries in East Africa and the Southern with a larger fuel carrying capacity, a vastly enous manufacture in the country. The Indian Ocean on a military diplomatic mis- improved electronic warfare suite and a category makes compulsory minimum 50 A heartening new indigenous development sion. Three of the four ships—INS Mum- full weapons capability, including beyond per cent indigenous content on cost basis, could take care of India’s over-dependence bai, INS Talwar and INS Deepak docked at visual range air-to-air missiles, stand-off which implies that indigenous content in on foreign suppliers for critical electro- Mombasa, Kenya on October 15 and will strike weapons and anti-ship missiles. The the total of (i) basic cost of equipment; (ii) optical sensors for surface payloads. The host a series of bilateral events. G limits on the Mk.2 will be up from +8/-3.5 cost of manufacturers’ recommended list DRDO’s Instruments Research and Devel- to +9/-3.5. The platform will also sport an of spares; and (iii) cost of special mainte- opment Establishment (IRDE) in Dehradun All eyes on LCA Tejas Mk.2 onboard oxygen generation system and will nance tools and special test equipment, has developed a Stabilised Electro-optical With the LCA Navy Mk.2, things are slightly be 45 per cent composites by weight. SP must be at least 50 per cent of the total Sight (SEOS) with two-axis stabilisation and more complicated. The second and third contract value. AgustaWestland and Air- an integrated automatic video tracker facil- prototypes NP3 and NP4 will be Mk.2 vari- For complete versions, log on to: bus Helicopters, in addition to other firms, ity. The indigenous SEOS has three electro- ants of the LCA Navy, while NP5, a second www.spsnavalforces.com & may participate. optical sensors, third generation 3-5 µm trainer is under build as a risk mitigation www.spsmai.com

Naval Chief reviews progress of that the Indian Navy has been nominated as for commercial shipping and international of aerial platforms, both land and naval sce- relief efforts the lead service for the conduct of relief and trade. The 24th edition of CORPAT was narios. It is designed jointly with the DRDO rescue operations codenamed Op Lehar in conducted from September 9 to 30. The (Defence Research and Development Organ- Andhra Pradesh and Odisha and will under- Indonesian Navy was represented by KRI isation) in India and is used by the Israeli take operations with a whole navy approach Pattimura and Maritime Patrol aircraft CN defence forces and the Indian defence i.e. the entire navy will do its best to respond 235 while INS Kesari (with Chetak integral forces. The system includes an advanced to the situation through the Eastern Naval helicopter) and one IN Dornier participated Phased Array digital radar, command and Command, with the aim of not only attend- from the IN. The high level Indonesian dele- control, vertical launchers and missiles car- ing to the needs of the naval base and gation for the 24th CORPAT was headed by rying a highly advanced seeker. naval personnel, but also the entire town of First Admiral Harjo Susmoro, Commander Barak-8 is regarded as an extensive Visakhapatnam and its citizens. Sea Task Force, Western Fleet Command. project by the IMOD and is led by IAI, the prime contractor, in collaboration with 24th Edition of Indian–Indonesia IAI Successfully Tests the Barak-8 IMOD’s Directorate of Defense Research Admiral R.K. Dhowan, Chief of the Naval Corpat concludes Air & Missile Defense System and Development (DDR&D), ELTA Systems Staff, reviewed the relief efforts for Cyclone Under the broad ambit of this Strategic Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), in collabo- Ltd.- IAI’s group and subsidiary, Rafael Hudhud during the Naval Commanders Con- Partnership, the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) ration with the Israeli Ministry of Defense Advanced Defense Systems, and other ference. The Admiral said that all ranks of and the Indian Navy (IN) have been carry- (IMOD), conducted a successful test of the defense industries. the Navy have joined hands in the face of this ing out coordinated patrolling twice a year Barak-8 Air & Missile Defense System. The current test validated all compo- natural calamity and pledged their whole- since 2002 near the International Maritime Barak-8 is an advanced groundbreaking nents of the weapon system to the satis- hearted support in mitigating the hardships Boundary Line to keep this vital part of air and missile defence system that pro- faction of the customer representatives.

www.spsnavalforces.com caused by the severe cyclonic storm. He said the Indian Ocean region safe and secure vides ultimate protection against a variety Israeli specialists and Indian scientists,

14 5/2014 News

including IMOD’s and DDR&D’s represen- Fast Patrol Vessel ICGS Abhiraj Teg will participate in Exercise IBSAMAR tatives participated in the test, along with commissioned (India-Brazil- Maritime) along Publisher and Editor-in-Chief both countries’ armed forces officers. The Ship Abhiraj, the with the Navies of South Africa and Brazil. Jayant Baranwal fourth in the series of 20 fast patrol vessels Assistant Group Editor R. Chandrakanth Indian Warships visit to East Africa (FPVs), designed and built by the Cochin 1,000 Amphibious Marine Commandos and South Indian Ocean Shipyard Limited, was commissioned on to Guard Gujarat Coastline Senior Editorial Adviser R. Adm S.K. Ramsay (Retd) September 2 at Tuticorin by Vice Admiral To protect its 1,600-km-long coastline, Senior Technical Group Editor S.P.S. Cheema, Flag Officer Commanding- Gujarat has taken the lead in planning to Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) in-Chief, , in the deploy an elite force of 1,000 ‘amphibious’ Air Marshal B.K. Pandey (Retd) presence of Inspector General S.P. Sharma, marine commandos to guard its coastline Contributing Editor Commander Coast Guard Region (East) and against threats like infiltration and drug Lt General V.K. Kapoor (Retd) other senior dignitaries of the Central and trafficking. Nearly 50 per cent of the marine Contributors State government. The 50 m indigenous commandos will come from the existing India FPV displaces 290 tonnes and can achieve a State Reserve Police, while the remaining 50 Admiral Arun Prakash (Retd) maximum speed of 33 knots with an endur- per cent will be inducted through a sepa- R. Adm Raja Menon (Retd) ance of 1,500 nautical miles at an economi- rate recruitment process. This force will Cmde C.P. Srivastava Indian naval ships Mumbai, Talwar, Teg cal speed of 13 knots. be in addition to marine police stations on Cmde Sujeet Samaddar (Retd) Cmde A.J. Singh (Retd) and Deepak under the command of Rear different locations along the state coast. A Admiral R. Hari Kumar, the Flag Officer INS Sumitra commissioned by CNS specialised training centre for marine com- Europe Alan Peaford, Doug Richardson, Commanding Western Fleet, are on a two- mandos will be set up at Jamnagar which Andrew Brookes (UK) month long Overseas Deployment to East will also be the headquarters. USA & Canada Africa and the South Indian Ocean region. Lon Nordeen (USA) Three of the four ships—INS Mumbai, INS Chinese Naval Missile Defence Anil R. Pustam (West Indies) Talwar and INS Deepak—arrived at Mom- System Unveiled West Asia/Africa basa on October 15, 2014, towards bol- China revealed its HongQi-10 surface-to-air H.R. Heitman (S. Africa) stering bilateral ties and reinforcing coop- missile system for the first time on Septem- Chairman & Managing Director eration in maritime security between India ber 10, in a China Central Television report. Jayant Baranwal and Kenya. India and Kenya have historical The advanced missile system can counter the Executive Vice President maritime trading links and evidence of this threat from low-altitude anti-ship missiles. (Planning & Business Development) interaction is available through the size- The CNS Admiral R.K. Dhowan, commis- HongQi-10 is a naval point-defence missile Rohit Goel able Indian diaspora settled in Kenya. The sioned INS Sumitra (fourth indigenous naval system which boasts of a particularly quick Administration & Circulation Bharti Sharma involvement of Indian naval ships in com- offshore patrol vessel) into the Indian Navy response to low-altitude missiles that area- [email protected] bating piracy off the coast of Somalia since at Chennai. Vice Admiral Satish Soni, Flag defence systems fail to intercept with a high Creative Director October 2008 has further strengthened Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval success rate in intercepting them. HongQi-10 Anoop Kamath bilateral ties and interaction with navies in Command and other dignitaries like Vice can be prepared to launch missiles in about Design the region. Kenyan naval personnel are also Admiral A.V. Subhedar, Controller Warship 10 seconds and aims at missiles only 1.5 to Vimlesh Kumar Yadav, Sonu Singh Bisht being trained in India. Production and Acquisition, Rear Admiral 10 metres above the sea level. The system is Research Assistant: Graphics Shekhar Mittal (Retd), Chairman and Man- already in service with the Liaoning aircraft Survi Massey Saab receives ROV order aging Director, Goa Shipyard Ltd were also carrier and the type 056 corvette. SP Sales & Marketing present. INS Sumitra is the first major ship Director Sales & Marketing: Neetu Dhulia to be based at Chennai in recognition of Appointment General Manager: Rajeev Chugh the growing importance of the region and SP’s Website enhanced surveillance needs. Measuring Sr. Web Developer: Shailendra P. Ashish about 105 m in length, 13 m in breadth and Web Developer: Ugrashen Vishwakarma displacing 2,200 tonnes, the ship can achieve Published bimonthly by Jayant Baranwal on behalf speed of 25 knots with an endurance of of SP Guide Publications Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may 6,000 nm. The ship is fitted with state-of-the- be reproduced, stored in a retrieval art weapon, navigation and sensor systems. system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, photocopying, recording, electronic, Saab has received an order from the Swed- ‘Swachh Bharat Campaign’ and Green or otherwise without the prior written ish Defence Materiel Administration for ten Initiatives launched by Indian Navy permission of the publishers. remotely operated vehicles ( ROV) systems, Printed in India by Kala Jyothi Process Pvt Ltd which will be deployed operationally for © SP Guide Publications, 2014 seabed surveys, inspections, light under- Rear Admiral Ajendra Bahadur Singh water operations and recovery of objects. Subscription/ Circulation takes over as Eastern Fleet Commander: ` Saab will provide Seaeye Falcon system Annual Inland: 600 • Overseas: US$180 Rear Admiral , VSM, E-mail: [email protected] duly modified to meet the user require- Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet, [email protected] ments. The ROV systems will be delivered handed over the command of the East- Letters to the Editor as stand-alone systems and will be partially ern Fleet to Rear Admiral Ajendra Baha- [email protected] integrated aboard patrol boats and auxil- dur Singh, VSM. The change of guard For Advertising Details, Contact: iary ships operated by the Swedish Navy. took place at an impressive ceremony [email protected] Falcon is a proven and highly capable ROV On the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, naval held on October 7, 2014, onboard the [email protected] and is available with many advanced tools personnel across all the formations and Flag Ship INS Jalashwa. SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD and customised accessories. The ten sys- Commands were administered with the Rear Admiral Singh is a specialist in POSTAL ADDRESS tems will be delivered within 12 months. ‘Swachhta Shapath’ in respective offices, Navigation and Aircraft direction and a Corporate Office A 133 Nagar, Opp Defence Colony, residential areas and schools. CNS Admi- graduate of National Defence Academy, ral R.K. Dhowan participated in a num- New Delhi 110003, India Khadakvasla, and Defence Services Staff Tel: +91(11) 24644693, 24644763, 24620130 >> SHOW CALENDAR ber of activities at New Delhi including a College, Wellington. The Admiral also Fax: +91 (11) 24647093 ‘Swachhta Awareness Run/ Walk’ followed holds a masters degree from Cranfield Regd Office 5–8 November 2014 by shramdan in naval areas. He also admin- University, UK. Fax: +91 (11) 23622942 Indo Defence 2014 istered the ‘Swachhta Shapath’ to the naval Rear Admiral A.B. Singh has com- E-mail: [email protected] Jakarta International Expo (PRJ) fraternity including officers, sailors, ladies manded Indian naval ships Veer (Missile Representative Offices Kemayoran, Jakarta, Indonesia and children at the Nausena Bagh complex vessel), Vindhyagiri (frigate), , BENGALURU, INDIA www.indodefence.com Air Marshal B.K. Pandey (Retd) and to the officers and sailors at INS India, (frigate) and Viraat (). the base depot at New Delhi. 204, Jal Vayu Vihar, Kalyan Nagar, 12–13 November The officer also has held various pres- Bengaluru 560043, India. Coastal Surveillance 2014 tigious staff and operational appoint- Tel: +91 (80) 23682204 Marina Bay Sands, Singapore Overseas deployment of Western ments and was awarded the Vishisht MOSCOW, RUSSIA www.coastalsurveillancemda.com Fleet Ships Seva Medal in 2011. Prior taking over as LAGUK Co., Ltd, Yuri Laskin 2–5 December Indian naval ships Mumbai, Talwar, Teg Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet, Krasnokholmskaya, Nab., Exponaval 2014 and Deepak under the Command of Rear the Admiral was serving as Assistant 11/15, app. 132, Moscow 115172, Russia. Admiral R. Hari Kumar, Flag Officer Com- Tel: +7 (495) 911 2762, Base Aeronaval, Viña del Mar, Concon, Chief of Naval Staff (Policy & Plans) at Fax: +7 (495) 912 1260 V Region, Valparaiso, Chile manding Western Fleet, departed on two- Naval Headquarters, Delhi. month long Overseas Deployment to East www.spguidepublications.com www.exponaval.cl The Eastern Fleet now comprises 30 www.spsnavalforces.com Africa and the Southern Indian Ocean 8–9 December ships which include amphibious platform Region on October 1, 2014. During the RNI Number: DELENG/2008/25836 Coastal & Maritime Surveillance: Middle East Jalashwa, destroyers, stealth frigates, InterContinental Abu Dhabi, UAE course of deployment, the ships are sched- Anti-Submarine Warfare corvette Kam- www.coastalsurveillancemiddleeast.com uled to visit Antisiranana (Madagascar), orta, missile corvettes, landing ship tanks, Mombasa (Kenya), Dar-es-Salaam (Tanza- offshore patrol vessels, missile boats and 8–10 December nia), St Denis (Reunion Island, France), Port tankers. Rear Admiral A.K. Jain will now Offshore Patrol Vessels Middle East Louis (Mauritius), Port Victoria (Seychelles), InterContinental Abu Dhabi, UAE assume duties of Chief of Staff, Southern Nacala (Mozambique) and Simon’s Town www.opvmiddleeast.com Naval Command at Kochi. SP (South Africa). While in South Africa, INS

5/2014 15 Founded by Shri S P Baranwal in 1964, Guide Publications began its humble journey. Today SP Guide Publications (SP’s) is the Asia’s Largest Publishing House for Aerospace & Defence Sectors. We at SP’s look forward to coming years and decades with even stronger conviction.

SP's Turns to 50 years LF.indd 1 09/04/14 4:11 PM