Donald Trump
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Donald Trump For other uses, see Donald Trump (disambiguation). eventually became one of the city’s biggest real estate developers.[8][10] Trump has one brother, Robert (born 1948), and two sisters: Maryanne (born 1937) and Eliz- Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an Amer- ican businessman, politician, television personality, au- abeth (born 1942). Maryanne is a United States federal judge on senior status for the United States Court of Ap- thor, and the presumptive nominee of the Republican peals for the Third Circuit.[11] Another brother, Fred Jr. Party for President of the United States in the 2016 [12] election. Trump is the Chairman and President of The (1938–1981), died of complications from alcoholism. Trump Organization, as well as the founder of the gam- Trump’s father was born in Woodhaven, Queens, to ing and hotel enterprise, Trump Entertainment Resorts, Elizabeth (née Christ) and Frederick Trump, immi- now owned by Carl Icahn. grants who moved to the United States from Kallstadt, [13] Trump is a son of New York City real estate developer Germany in 1885. Frederick worked as a successful Fred Trump and worked for his father’s firm, Elizabeth Klondike Gold Rush restaurateur and possibly as a brothel keeper.[14][15] In a 1976 New York Times biographical Trump & Son, while attending college. After graduating [16] in 1968 from the Wharton School of the University of profile, and again in his 1987 book, The Art of the Deal, Trump incorrectly stated that Frederick Trump was Pennsylvania, he joined the company, and in 1971 was [17][18] given control, later renaming it The Trump Organization. of Swedish origin, an assertion that Fred Trump Trump has since built casinos, golf courses, hotels, and made for many years ostensibly because “he had a lot of other properties, many of which bear his name. Jewish tenants and it wasn't a good thing to be German”, according to a nephew identified as a family historian by Trump and his businesses, as well as his three marriages, The New York Times.[19] Donald Trump later acknowl- have received prominent media exposure. He hosted The edged his German ancestry and served as grand marshal Apprentice, a popular NBC reality show, from 2004 to of the 1999 German-American Steuben Parade in New 2015. York City.[10] Trump first campaigned for the U.S. presidency in 2000, The family had a two-story mock Tudor Revival home and withdrew before any votes were cast, but neverthe- on Wareham Place in Jamaica Estates,[20] where Trump less won two Reform Party primaries after withdrawing. lived while attending The Kew-Forest School. At Kew- On June 16, 2015, he again announced his candidacy for Forest, Fred Trump served as a member of the Board president, as a Republican. Trump became known for his of Trustees. Due to behavior problems, Trump left the opposition to illegal immigration and various free-trade school at age 13 and was enrolled in the New York Mili- agreements, as well as his frequently non-interventionist tary Academy (NYMA).[21] In 1983, Fred told an inter- views on foreign policy, and quickly emerged as the Re- viewer that Donald “was a pretty rough fellow when he publican nomination front-runner. As of May 4, 2016, he was small.” Trump finished eighth grade and high school has won 28 contests in the 2016 Republican presidential at NYMA.[22] During his senior year, Trump participated primaries, and is very widely expected to be the Republi- in marching drills and wore a uniform, attaining the rank can nominee, after his last two remaining rivals Ted Cruz of captain.[23] In 2015, he told a biographer that NYMA and John Kasich suspended their respective campaigns. gave him “more training militarily than a lot of the guys that go into the military.”[24] Trump attended Fordham University in the Bronx for 1 Early life two years. He entered the Wharton School of Busi- ness at the University of Pennsylvania, as Wharton then Trump was born on June 14, 1946, in Queens, one offered one of the few real estate studies departments [25] of New York City’s five boroughs.[4][5][6][7] He was the in U.S. academia. While there, he worked at his fa- [26] fourth of five children of Mary Anne (née MacLeod; ther’s company, Elizabeth Trump & Son. Trump grad- 1912–2000), a homemaker and philanthropist,[8] and uated from Wharton in 1968 with a bachelor’s degree in [27][28] Fred Trump (1905–1999), a real estate developer. His economics. mother was born at Tong on the Scottish island of Lewis Trump was eligible for the draft lottery during the and Harris.[9] In 1930, aged 18, she visited the United Vietnam War.[29] He was not drafted due to four stu- States and met Fred Trump. They were married in 1936 dent deferments (2-S) while attending college, as well as a and settled in Jamaica Estates, Queens, as Fred Trump 1 2 2 BUSINESS CAREER medical deferment (1-Y, later converted to 4-F) obtained violating terms of the settlement.[42] in 1968 after his college graduation, prior to the lottery being initiated.[30] Trump was deemed fit for service after a military medical examination in 1966 and was briefly classified as 1-A by a local draft board shortly before his 1968 medical disqualification.[31] Trump attributed his medical deferment to "heel spurs" in both feet, accord- ing to a 2015 biographer,[24] but told an Iowa campaign audience he suffered from a spur in one foot, although he could not remember which one.[31] “I actually got lucky because I had a very high draft number”, he told WNYW in 2011.[32] Selective Service records retrieved by The Smoking Gun website from the National Archives show that Trump did eventually receive a high selective service lottery number in 1969. 2 Business career Trump has said that when he graduated from college in 1968, he was worth about US$200,000 (equivalent to $1,021,000 in 2015).[33] At age 23, he made an un- successful commercial foray into show business, invest- ing $70,000 to become co-producer of the 1970 Broad- way comedy “Paris Is Out!", which flopped.[34] Trump began his real estate career at his father’s company,[35] Elizabeth Trump and Son,[36] which focused on middle- class rental housing in the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. During his under- The Trump Organization owns, operates, develops, and invests in graduate study, one of Trump’s first projects had been real estate around the world such as Trump Ocean Club Interna- the revitalization of the foreclosed Swifton Village apart- tional Hotel and Tower, seen at center, in Panama City, Panama. ment complex in Cincinnati, Ohio, which his father had purchased for $5.7 million in 1962.[37] Fred and Don- Trump had an option to buy and made plans to de- ald Trump became involved in the project and, with a velop the Penn Central Transportation Company prop- $500,000 investment, turned the 1,200-unit complex’s erty, which was in bankruptcy. This included the 60th occupancy rate from 34% to 100%. Trump oversaw the Street rail yard on the Hudson River—later developed as Riverside South—as well as the land around Grand company’s 14,000 apartments across Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island.[38] In 1972, The Trump Organization Central Terminal, for which he paid $60 million with no money down.[44] Later, with the help of a 40-year sold Swifton Village for $6.75 million.[39][40] tax abatement from the New York City government, he In 1971, Trump moved to Manhattan, where he became turned the bankrupt Commodore Hotel next to Grand involved in larger construction projects, and used attrac- Central into the Grand Hyatt[45] and created The Trump tive architectural design to win public recognition.[41] Organization.[46] Trump initially came to public attention in 1973 when he was accused by the Justice Department of violations Trump promoted Penn Central’s rail yard on 30th Street of the Fair Housing Act in the operation of 39 buildings, as a site for New York City’s planned Jacob K. Jav- its Convention Center. Trump estimated his company including false “no vacancy” statements, and sham leases [47] presenting higher rents to minority applicants, to facili- could have completed the project for $110 million, tate the denial of housing to racial minorities.[42] Trump but, while the city chose his site, it rejected his offer and in turn accused the Justice Department of targeting his Trump received a broker’s fee on the sale of the property company because it was a large one, and in order to force instead. Repairs on the Wollman Rink in Central Park, built in 1955, were started in 1980 with an expected 2 it to rent to welfare recipients. After an unsuccessful 1 countersuit filed by attorney Roy Cohn,[42] Trump set- ⁄2-year construction schedule, but were not completed tled the charges in 1975 without admitting guilt, saying by 1986. Trump took over the management of the project he was satisfied that the agreement did not “compel the without the city needing to pay anything, and completed it in three months for $1.95 million, which was $750,000 Trump organization to accept persons on welfare as ten- [48] ants unless as qualified as any other tenant.”[43] Several less than the initial budget. years later the Trump Organization was again in court for In 1988, Trump acquired the Taj Mahal Casino in 3 Atlantic City, New Jersey, in a transaction with Merv Trump-branded real estate projects in Florida have gone Griffin and Resorts International.[49] The acquisition into foreclosure.[60] The Turkish owner of Trump Towers was funded by significant bank borrowing;[50] by 1989, Istanbul, who pays Trump for the use of his name, was re- Trump was unable to meet loan payments.