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HISTORIC HOUSE RESEARCH Ronald V. May, RPA, President and Principal Investigator Dale Ballou May, Vice President and Principal Researcher P.O. Box 15967 • San Diego, CA 92175 Phone (619) 269-3924 • www.legacy106.com
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial ______NRHP Status Code 3S Other Listings ______Review Code _____ Reviewer ______Date ______
Page 1 of 4 *Resource Name or #: Douglas and Martha Young House
P1. Other Identifier: 4363 North Talmadge Drive (current address) and 4766 N. Talmadge Drive (original address) *P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: San Diego and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Mesa Date: 1997 Maptech, Inc.T ; R ; ¼ of ¼ of Sec ; M.D. B.M. c. Address: 4363 North Talmadge Drive City: San Diego Zip: 92116 d. UTM: Zone: 11 ; 490736 mE/ 36224908 mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc.) Elevation: 368 feet Legal Description: Lot 178 of Talmadge Park Unit 1, Map 1869. The house is located on the south side of North Talmadge Drive, north of Adams Avenue. It is Tax Assessor’s Parcel # 465-331-02-00.
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) This two-story single-family house is a Spanish Eclectic design with Monterey influences. It exhibits a full tile roof, half tower entrance, front tapered chimney, and front gable first floor living room that connects to the first floor. To the right of the chimney is a second floor Monterey style wood porch over a small front courtyard. The interior exhibits special qualities with extensive woodworking, such as built-in cabinetry, hardwood floors, coved ceilings, and arched door portals. The condition is excellent with good architectural integrity. (See Continuation Sheet.)
Residential Building Record. The Tax Assessor’s Residential Building Record shows they first taxed this property in 1930.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP2 *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District
P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date, accession #) View of North Elevation, January 19, 2009 Photo by Ronald V. May, RPA
*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both Index to Property 1931-1934; 1931 Residential Building Record 1930
*P7. Owner and Address: Michael Lubin and Betty Engel 4363 North Talmadge Drive San Diego, CA 92116
*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Ronald V. May, RPA and Dale Ballou May, Legacy 106, Inc., P.O. Box 15967, San Diego, CA 92175 *P9. Date Recorded: November, 2009 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Intensive *P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.") Historical Nomination of the Douglas and Martha Young House, San Diego, California for the City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board, by Ronald V. May, RPA and Dale Ballou May, Legacy 106, Inc. November 2009. Legacy 106, Inc. is indebted to Linda Canada for her assistance with the preparation of this report.
*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):
DPR 523A *Required Information 4
State of California _ The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CO NTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 2 of 4 *Resource Name or #: The Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) (Continued):
This 2,441 square foot, two-story house exhibits Mexican Monterey, Spanish Andalusian, and North African Islamic cultural design influences that create a unique example of Spanish Eclectic architecture for this Talmadge Park neighborhood. Visible from North Talmadge Drive and the public sidewalk are architecturally defining elements that distinguish this house as a unique example of the architectural style. The garage is detached off the southwest corner of the house.
Presentation Side – North Elevation. The presentation side faces North Talmadge Drive. The north elevation includes a full hipped fired red clay Mission half barrel tile roof over a two story sandy stucco walled house. Central is a two story tapered stucco faux chimney with Islamic privacy screen window, flanked on the second floor by a pair of casement windows with faux shutters on the east and a prominent veranda on the west. Beneath the window is a quarter tower entrance and to the left is the one story living room projection. There are eight distinct Spanish Eclectic architecturally defining elements to the presentation side of the house:
Full Hipped Tile Roof. While most Spanish style houses in Talmadge Park and the Kensington area exhibit limited tile roofing at the front of a flat rear roof, this house exhibits a rare full hipped tile roof. Examination of the Mission half-barrel tiles through one of the upstairs windows failed to disclose maker’s marks. The tiles are high-fired semi-vitreous and the surfaces exhibit oxidation, moss stains, and dust accumulation associated with very old tile roofing. Remnants of the original roof cement mortar survives. The tile roof slightly projects over the single board wooden eave and a few straight cut roof beams project out.
Monterey Style Veranda. The most prominent defining architectural feature of this house is the Monterey style veranda on the second floor. The east base of the second floor veranda connects to the first floor quarter round tower entrance, second floor faux chimney, and cuts through the tiled roof. This highly crafted wooden veranda with tiled roof is accessed by a set of French doors. Heavy, thick, ornamental ceiling beams project out under the veranda floor and terminate in finely crafted ends that form the base of this oriel style window. Above the deck are corner post beams topped with ornamental corbels that support a heavy fired red clay Mission half-barrel tile shed roof. Between the posts is an ornate balustrade comprised of lathe-turned, vertical spindles topped by a long wood board.
Central Faux Chimney. One of the key architecturally defining elements of this house is the central faux chimney that connects the north elevation to the first floor quarter tower and second floor Monterey style veranda. This chimney is entirely ornamental, as the second floor is actually a dressing room and closet that is illuminated by the Islamic privacy window.
Quarter Tower Entrance. Central on the north elevation first floor and beneath the faux chimney is the quarter tower entrance to the house. This architecturally defining element links the faux chimney, second floor Monterey veranda, and front gable living room with the main mass of the house. Andalusian style tower entrances are an interesting feature on 1920s-1930s Spanish Eclectic style houses and though rare in San Diego, can be found in Talmadge Park, Kensington Manor, Loma Portal (Point Loma), Riviera Heights (Point Loma), Azure Vista (Point Loma), Sunset Cliffs (Point Loma), and older areas of La Jolla. Topped with a low pitched “cone” shaped tower roof of Mission half barrel tile, the geometric-walled tower exhibits a central inset Medieval front door flanked by Islamic privacy grill windows. The Medieval front door consists of seven tall vertical boards set with seven rows of hammered steel bolt heads. Centered between the first and second rows is a rectangular peep covered with a wrought iron grill. The front door is inset in the quarter tower entry, which is flanked by two porch lamps.
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State of California _ The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CO NTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 3 of 4 *Resource Name or #: The Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) (Continued):
To the right and left of the door are Islamic privacy screen windows. Half way between the east porch lamp and porch is a metal mail slot. The cast brass door latch plate matches an arrowhead shaped doorbell plate, both of which have been hammered to resemble handmade metal. To the left of the quarter tower entrance is the front gable projected living room.
North Elevation First Floor Fixed Window. Beneath the north elevation Monterey style veranda is a 15-pane fixed window in a wooden frame set into the sandy stucco wall. This window and the living room west elevation window both face the small patio flanking the porch and walkway to the wooden gate set in the low sandy stucco front yard wall.
Front Gable Living Room. The southeast quarter of the north elevation consists of a first floor, front gable living room that projects 23-feet north of the quarter tower entrance. The full size of the living room measures 38-feet on a north-south axis by the 16-foot wide front gable. The low pitch front gable in the north elevation is raked over with tiles. Beneath the front gable is a circular cast plaster wall plaque with a floral scroll pattern interior. Centered beneath the front gable apex and plaque is a tall, vertical, fixed plate glass window with arched top set in a wooden framed jam in the north elevation stucco wall. The window sill is flat terra cotta tile.
Living Room West Elevation Window. Central in the west elevation of the living room is a 15-pane fixed window set in wood framed jams that is shaded by a canvas awning supported by steel poles tipped by cast iron spearheads.
Front Yard Patio. The front yard patio is an architecturally defining element to the house. Half way up the concrete driveway are concrete stepping stones that lead to a short wooden gate set in a low sandy stucco wall that arches around to connect the northwest corner of the living room with the northwest corner of the main house. Inside the gate, the stepping stones lead up to the very unique porch of geometric broken terra cotta tiles separated by white grout.
West Elevation. The two-story west elevation of the house exhibits five pairs of wood-framed casement windows; three upstairs with faux shutters and two below. The west elevation of the first floor living room projection is a sandy stucco wall set with a 15-pane fixed wood framed window covered by an awning supported by steel poles topped by cast iron spearheads. At the southwest rear of the house and inset several feet is a room addition that is not visible from the street. Also visible along the west elevation is a low sandy stucco wall that surrounds the front patio.
East Elevation. The east elevation involves the two story portion of the house. Inset from the northeast corner is the front projecting first floor living room. Centered in the first floor projecting living room is the two story, sandy stucco, chimney. Flanking the chimney are pairs of wood casement windows. Inset behind the southeast corner of the two story portion of the house is modern addition off the south elevation (not visible from the street).
South Elevation. The south elevation is not within the public view. The original south elevation wall measured 32-feet wide. Young then hired Anderson & Johnson to add a sunroom and bathroom off this south elevation in 1935. A 1975 remodel extended the 1935 addition to a twenty foot wide family room sixteen feet into the rear yard. This addition is inset 12-inches off the west elevation wall plane and 15-feet off the east elevation wall plane. Set in the corner of the family room addition is a modern stucco chimney. A portion of the second floor above the room addition is also extended out. Very little of this addition is visible, except at the extreme northwest corner of the property looking up the driveway.
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State of California _ The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CO NTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 4 of 4 *Resource Name or #: The Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) (Continued):
Garage. The detached garage is off the southwest corner of the house. A modern, but old appearing garage door is set in the north elevation and faces the driveway. None of the other elevations are visible from North Talmadge Drive. The interior of the garage was remodeled in 1975.
Yard Setting. The front yard of 4363 North Talmadge Drive is a green lawn. A tall hedge grows at the base of the front gable living room north elevation. A tall tree grows inside the front patio and extends over the first floor, but the limbs and leaves are thin enough to allow relatively clear vision of the house. Between the street and sidewalk is a City of San Diego owned lawn strip with mature palm trees. Dense landscaping on the neighbor’s yard to the west obscures much of the view of the driveway. The neighbor’s house to the east obscures much of the east elevation of the house.
Interior Living Room. The living room exhibits a high, tongue-in-groove board-on-beam, naturally stained wood, open-beam ceiling with stenciled heavy roof beams. Various stencils in pale blue, dark gray, and mauve decorate the beams. Wrought iron steel trusses with scrollwork and projectile point terminals connect the ridge beam to the top of the walls near the beams. The walls are hand sculpted plaster. The north wall in the living room exhibits one tall central plate glass window arched at the top and flanked by two tall inset bookshelves arched at the top to match the pitch of the window arch. The living room window is set in a wooden jam and the outside sill is flat quarry tile grouted with cement mortar. The rectangular portals from the entry to the living and dining rooms exhibit dark-stained wooden corbels in the upper corners. Down near the floor is a cast metal heat register. Central in the east living room wall is the sculpted plaster fireplace with faux Aztec Claycraft tile fireplace surround. The hardwood floor exhibits a thin strip of dark wood marketry that frames a number of thin strips that step-in to frame a panel of wider oak floor boards that run north-south on the floor. Original door hardware, heat registers, and lighting fixtures survive in the house.
Entry. The interior of the quarter tower entrance forms the entry that provides access to the living room, dining room, kitchen, and upstairs staircase. The floor of the entry is a high-fired intricate terra cotta flat floor tile interspersed with small polychrome tiles. The wrought iron staircase balustrade is a fine display of hand-hammered metal craftsmanship. The vertical pieces are bonded to metal scrolls with thin metal strips and the top of the railing has been dented to contribute to the sense and feel of a handmade metal staircase. The terminals of the metal railing have been forged and hammered to splay out and then curl inward to form a floral scroll.
Dining Room. The dining room is a flat ceiling with stucco walls. The doors set in this room are a dark- stained natural wood coated with a light green wash that probably matched much of the rest of the house, but only these in the dining room now survive. A small board at the base of the plaster wall protects it from cleaning tools. The dining room door to the kitchen exhibits an ornate metal push-plate that enables pass through access with minimal effort.
Bathrooms. Three original bathrooms exist in the house. One bathroom exhibits Art Deco wainscoting that is mustard yellow accented in a black trim. The original toilet fixture remains in the room. Another bathroom exhibits a different tile wainscoting with light yellow tiles trimmed in turquoise with a narrow strip of tile beneath the top row of yellow tiles. This narrow strip exhibits a floral design. The floor in this bath is light green with pink triangles around the edge of the wainscoting. The third bathroom involves light tan tile wainscoting trimmed in dark blue that arches around a tall, narrow, mirror with an arched top. The mirror rests on a light blue tile shelf flanked by taller cabinetry topped by light blue tiles trimmed to match the wainscoting. Beneath the wainscoting and vanity, the floor is a honeycomb gray tile.
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______
BUILDINGS , STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD
Page 1 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
B1. Historic Name: 4363 North Talmadge Drive B2. Common Name: 4363 North Talmadge Drive B3. Original Use: Single Family Property B4. Present Use: Single Family Property *B5. Architectural Style: Spanish Eclectic *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations) The Tax Assessor’s Residential Building Record reported the first property tax in 1930. The Youngs filed a Notice of Completion in March of 1935 for the addition of a downstairs sunroom and second floor bathroom. The City of San Diego has the following building permits on record: E 02176 issued July 29, 1955 for electric stove hookup; C35726 issued June 13, 1961 for kitchen cabinets; A51689 issued September 25, 1966 for water heater replacement; E35787 (no date) for kitchen remodel; R37311 issued June 13, 1975 for a family room remodel. (See Continuation Sheet.)
*B7. Moved? No Yes Unknown Date: Original Location: *B8. Related Features: Detached garage B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Anderson & Johnson (Robert A. Anderson and Leonard Johnson) *B10. Significance: Theme: Residential Architecture Area: Talmadge Park Unit 1 (San Diego) Period of Significance: 1930-1950 Property Type: Single-Family Property Applicable Criteria: b, c (Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.) The Douglas and Martha Young House at 4363 North Talmadge Drive is significant under Criterion “b” for its association with Douglas Young, who was recognized as an historically important individual in association with the Qualitee Dairy Building in downtown San Diego. It is also significant under Criterion “c” as an excellent example of Spanish Eclectic architecture. This house has been restored, well maintained, and has excellent integrity within the public view. (See Continuation Sheet.)
B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) none
*B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet)
B13. Remarks: none
*B14. Evaluator: Ronald V. May, RPA
*Date of Evaluation: November 2009
(This space reserved for official comments.)
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 2 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B6. Construction History (continued):
The Tax Assessor’s Residential Building Record shows the City of San Diego issued Building Permit 35725 in 1961 for a kitchen remodel; permit A40973 in July 1966 for installation of a stone veneer (since removed by the current owner); and Building Permit K37311 on May 27, 1975 for a family room remodel. The footprint of the Residential Building Record shows the family room off the south elevation, which has been inset 1-foot and stepped-back on the second floor (not within public view). There is a note the garage doors looked new in 1976.
*B10. Significance (continued):
Criterion A: Exemplifies or reflects special elements of the City’s, a community’s or a neighborhood’s historical, archaeological, cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, landscaping or architectural development.
No special elements about this house were found in the course of research for 4363 N. Talmadge Drive which indicate it qualifies for designation under Criterion A. The following discussion provides the background for this conclusion.
“Movie Girl Subdivision.” One of San Diego’s most interesting and glamorous subdivisions of the 1920s is without doubt the Talmadge Park subdivision, which opened with great publicity in 1925. The wealth behind the subdivision was touted as exceeding $75,000,000. (San Diego Sun, February 12, 1927) The marketing strategy promoted Talmadge Park as the “Movie Girl Subdivision” by creating the illusion of an association with Hollywood silent film stars and sisters, Norma, Constance, and Natalie Talmadge. Even today, the myth remains that the Talmadge Sisters once lived in the “Wonder House of Stone,” located a few houses east of the Young’s house. At the tract’s opening ceremony, the Talmadge sisters and cowboy star William S. Hart were present at the eastern end of Talmadge Drive to make this a reality. The next day they departed and there is no credible evidence they returned, even to attend a party or stay a night in the real estate office (Wonder House of Stone). The Hollywood developers turned interest in the tract sales and the management of real estate enterprise over to brothers Roy and Guy Lichty, who lived in the community.
The key individuals in the Talmadge Park subdivisions (Units 1, 2, and 3) were I.C. Freud, a Los Angeles capitalist and president of the Southern California Realty Corporation, who joined with other Hollywood and Los Angeles businessmen and women to finance and develop Talmadge Park under the Lichty’s guidance. The luminaries were of course sisters Norma Talmadge, Constance Talmadge, and Natalie Talmadge. Natalie’s husband, Buster Keaton was involved, as was Keaton’s business manager and brother-in-law, Joseph M. Schenck, head of the United Artists Corporation and husband to Norma Talmadge. Schenck produced most of Norma’s early pictures from their converted studio in New York and later when they moved their operations west to Hollywood (Baumann p. 49 and 61). A February 12, 1927 article in the San Diego Sun called Schenk “one of the wealthiest business men in California as well as one of the most powerful figures in the film industry.”
Others included Sid Grauman, Louis B. Mayer, who was Vice-President and General Manger of Metro- Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, Los Angeles capitalist Joe Toplitzky, Joseph Loeb, a prominent Los Angeles attorney, and Roy C. Lichty, the subdivision manager. In 1933, Schenck, Mayer, and Darryl Zanuck headed the Twentieth Century Company (Baumann p. 50). Unnamed as a partner, but certainly financially involved was San Diego Banker and real estate investor, George Burnham. (San Diego Union, December 20, 1925 “Charity to Get Proceeds from First Lot Sale: Dedication of Subdivision is Set for Jan 3; Norma Talmadge to Plant Tree.”) Later sources would reveal another investor was movie great Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle. (Oakland Tribune, April 30, 1933)
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 3 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion A continued):
Biographies of Buster Keaton reveal these investors were long time friends who formed a business network that revolved around their Hollywood careers. Lou Anger managed both Keaton’s and Arbuckle’s careers, and Schenck was a longtime friend of Arbuckle’s who supported him both financially and emotionally after a false rape accusation devastated his career.
Kensington resident and biographer Dr. Thomas H. Bauman, D.D.S., provided one of the best descriptions of their involvement in Kensington-Talmadge 1910-1997 (pp. 49-72). Much has been written about the Talmadge sister’s greatly publicized opening of the Talmadge Park subdivision, but in truth, very little is known about the details of their investments in San Diego or how they came to be involved with this particular tract. While Baumann’s book is an important study of the area, much more can still be learned about the community. Today, probably the biggest misconception about Kensington / Talmadge is that they are in essence one large community that developed about the same time. The entire community is, in fact, the product of nearly 24 separate subdivisions, thirteen in Kensington and eleven in Talmadge. The Talmadge units were separate from the Kensington units, although in general much of the area built out their initial phases in the 1920s.
Legacy 106, Inc. has intensively studied nearly twenty houses in the adjacent subdivisions of Talmadge Park Units 1 and 2, Kensington Point, Kensington Park, Kensington Manor Unit 2, and Kensington Heights Units 1, 2, and 3. In addition, a number of other researchers, historians, architects, and homeowners have submitted historical studies relevant to the area to achieve historical landmark status. For those wanting to learn more about these interesting houses, these studies are available at the San Diego Historical Society’s Research Archives in Balboa Park and/or through the City of San Diego’s Planning Department / Historical Resources Board.
In general, however, Legacy 106, Inc. is still learning about the investment relationship between Los Angeles-based real estate people and the Kensington / Talmadge tracts. Talmadge Park manager Roy Lichty also had his roots in Los Angeles, and is clearly documented bringing Los Angeles area developers and buyers to San Diego (Personal Communication, Headrick 2007). In a May 2, 1926 news article in the San Diego Union, Lichty announced that Los Angeles contractor Paul V. Struble had purchased 100 lots in Talmadge Park in “one of the biggest home-building programs planned in San Diego. . . He has done considerable amount of home building in Los Angeles, particularly in the vicinity of Figuerosa and 102nd streets, and also in Glendale.” Lichty actively recruited buyers from the Long Beach and Los Angeles area, as indicated by this April 18, 1926 San Diego Union article which stated:
Eighteen residents of Long Beach were visitors at Talmadge Park last Wednesday. They were on a two-day sightseeing tour of San Diego, conducted by R.E. Huff, a prominent Long Beach realtor. Huff is conducting three sightseeing tours every Wednesday and Saturday, bringing his parties from Long Beach to San Diego in de luxe motor busses.”
While many believe that the enormous “Wonder House of Stone,” located at the end of Adams Avenue in Talmadge was the Talmadge Sisters’ home, in truth it was not. The building served as a real estate headquarters for lot sales and a model home. Interestingly, Roy Lichty’s daughter, Jean Lichty, would marry Cliff May, who would gain world-wide fame as the “father of the western ranch house” in the 1930s – 1960s. Both Lichty’s own home, and a National Register landmark Cliff May ranch house, are located a short walk to the north up East Talmadge Drive, south of Adams Avenue.
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 4 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion A continued):
Thus, in terms of Community Development under Criterion “a,” a great deal more research needs to be done to better understand the relationship between the Los Angeles area and San Diego as to the architectural, historical, and economic development of the community. However, it is clear that all of the houses built in the Talmadge Park subdivision while Lichty was its manager, demonstrate special elements of the community’s architectural development. The designs had to be approved with investment minimum criteria and strict architectural control that required design approval. It is becoming increasingly better documented and understood that many of the builders in Talmadge Park were also building in Los Angeles and/or had strong ties to the Hollywood movie industry.
The marketing strategy of Talmadge Park did not result in a great deal of house building in the first five years. Aerial photographs show many vacant lots. Lot 178 remained vacant until 1930, and did not play a significant role in the Hollywood industry marketing strategy of Talmadge Park.
“City Beautiful” the Nolen Plan and the Proximity to New State College. Talmadge Park also owes its existence to plans for the relocation of the Normal School in University Heights to “the forward edge of the City of San Diego” (San Diego Union April 18, 1926). M.W. Folsom wrote a letter to the editor comparing Hollywood and Beverly Hills real estate appreciation in relation to creation of college campus sites. The San Diego real estate industry promoted relocation of the Normal School campus and urban utilities east to the city boundaries, just as in the case of Hollywood and Beverly Hills.
Wilson used the Nolen Plan as an argument for this eastern extension, which Talmadge Park developers picked up on in their planning and marketing campaigns of the 1920s-1930s. An April 11, 1926 article in the San Diego Union entitled “’City Beautiful’ Plan Interests Heights Section: Kensington District Residents Pleased to Learn Proposed Main Road Cuts Property,” states that “Study of the Nolen Plan for development of San Diego into real “city beautiful” is attracting the especial attention of residents and property owners of the Kensington Park section.” This community is adjacent to Talmadge Park, and by extension, it is indisputable that Lichty and his partners were aware of the affect Nolen’s plans to extend a great main boulevard and parking system from Mission Valley to the Kensington section to Chollas Valley would have on their property values. The Sunday edition of the San Diego Union on April 11, 1926 revealed how Talmadge Park designers came up with the curved Talmadge loop road that follows the ridge and canyon contours for easy automotive driving and viewing of Mission Valley to the north and Mahogany Canyon to the east. Lichty also stated he planned to develop a recreational area and artist’s colony down in Mahogany Canyon (Fairmount Avenue) as an added amenity to Talmadge Park Unit 1, although this plan was never realized. (San Diego Union April 4, 1926)
Early Area History. Evidence of the early history of this area remains scarce, and little, if any, archaeological evidence has been found on these Kensington and Talmadge mesas or Fairmount (Mahogany) Canyon to show evidence of the activities of the prehistoric Kumeyaay people, who are recorded to have occupied the region. Records at the South Coastal Information Center do not reflect base camps or recorded Kumeyaay villages in the Kensington or Talmadge Park mesa area. The mesa lands overlooking canyons that flowed into Mission Valley to the north are essentially devoid of dependable year-round water resources. Access up the steep, cobble-strewn bluffs, covered with native vegetation was always a challenge for the heartiest people, animals, and livestock.
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 5 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion A continued):
The relative abundance of water, vegetation, and food resources along the San Diego River in Mission Valley provided nearly everything a person could want for survival and habitation. No doubt ancient peoples did hike the game trails to cross over the mesas en route to other destinations, such as Chollas Creek to the south and rock quarries at Otay Mountain, or over to San Diego Bay to the southwest.
The history of these early occupants and their contact with Spanish representatives who arrived in San Diego in 1542 is not well understood in terms of Native American land use in the Talmadge area. Unlike La Jolla, which has a vast known archaeological component beneath many of the existing residential structures, no such condition is known to exist in Talmadge Park. Documented pre-subdivision uses in the area include poultry ranches and film studio work of the United States Film Corporation in neighboring Kensington Park area in 1914 (San Diego Union, May 31, 1914, “San Diego Paradise for ‘Movie’ Company, Big Concern with Many Actors Busy in Kensington Park).
Ronald V. May, RPA (Registered Professional Archaeologist), and president of Legacy 106, Inc., walked around the yard surrounding 4363 N. Talmadge Drive keeping in mind the historical background of the known prehistoric and Kumeyaay land use of the Mission Valley and mesas to the south. This included casual observation of the garden dirt. No archaeology deposits or artifacts were observed in the upturned earth and base of the shrubbery. No physical change is proposed by this nomination that would affect the soil or disturb any buried features under the house or landscaping, should they exist.
At this time, there are no special elements about this house that were found in the course of research for this study to determine 4363 N. Talmadge Drive qualifies for designation under Criterion A.
Criterion B: Is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history. A summary of the individuals associated with this property is provided along with a conclusion regarding their significance under Criterion b.
Douglas and Martha Young (1931 – 1950)
Douglas Young qualifies as a person who achieved local historical significance under Criterion “B” in the City of San Diego while living at 4363 N. Talmadge Drive. His achievements that qualify him are organized in order of importance as follows:
• In 1990, the Historical Resources Board and City Council designated the Art Deco style “Reincarnation Building” for its association with Douglas Young, a recognized historically important person with the Qualitee Milk Company.
• Young was president and general manager of Qualitee Milk Company, worth $108 million. The Qualitee Milk Company building was designed by the Quayle Brothers in 1923. It served as one of the top ten employers in San Diego during the Great Depression, under Young’s leadership.
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 6 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion B continued):
• President Emeritus of the San Diego Hospital Association, 1947-1957, and his leadership role in raising $500,000 in funds from Thomas E. Sharp (a total of $2,493,357.27, plus a $770,247.00 federal grant) for the design, construction, and operation of the Donald N. Sharp Memorial Hospital on Kearny Mesa, which opened in 1955.
• He served as Treasurer and Fund Raising Chair of the Tri-Hospital Building Fund in 1961, when they raised $5.25 million dollars toward their $10.5 million goal for construction expansion.
• Director and Board Chair of the Vista Hill Psychiatric Foundation from 1959-1961; The Douglas Young Clinic, Mesa Vista Hospital was named in his honor.
• Named by the Grant Club as “Mr. San Diego” in 1955 (the 4th person to receive such an honor) for his civic leadership with the promotion of war bonds, Community Chest in the Great Depression, two- times as president of the Chamber of Commerce, school bond fundraising, and 10-years as president of the San Diego Hospital Association.
• Leader of a citizen committee in 1948 to draft and pass a $6.8 million dollar bond issue to expand classrooms for the City of San Diego School District.
• President of the Crippled Children’s Society in 1947 and through his leadership raised money to develop facilities and supplies to help children with debilitating illnesses, such as Polio.
• Chairman of the San Diego Committee of the American Red Cross, 1940-1948.
• Director Emeritus of the San Diego Federal Savings & Loan Bank, Los Angeles, 1936-1940.
• President of the Community Chest (San Diego Chapter of the American Red Cross, Girl Scouts, Salvation Army, Catholic Charities, YMCA of San Diego), 1934-1935, to raise money for food, medical, and other assistance to the impoverished and homeless people during the worst years of the Great Depression in San Diego and for development of local hospitals.
• Chair of the Better Housing Program and coordinated service on the Board of Directors of the California-Pacific Exposition in 1935-1936. He organized the Model Home Exhibit, which enabled local architects (Lloyd Ruocco and Kenneth Messenger) to design miniature model houses and to promote Federal Housing Authority funding for people to finance new or remodel old houses.
• Leadership and Treasurer (1934-1936) in the Civic Affairs Conference (CAC) to vote-in a slate of four City Council candidates who would enforce the City Manager form of government following corruption scandals. The success of the CAC convinced Henry Ford to invest in funding construction of the Ford Building for the 1935 exposition. This building is now the Aerospace Museum.
• Chair of the Easter Seal Drive in 1941-1942 to raise funds for medical services and facilities for children suffering from long-term debilitating or deadly diseases, such as purchasing iron lungs for local hospitals.
• Board Member, Community Welfare Council, 1932-1933.
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• Leadership roles during the 1930s-1950s in the San Diego Chamber of Commerce, San Diego Club, Lions Club, University Club (President in 1935), Scholia Club, San Diego Taxpayers Association, Employers Association, and American Red Cross to improve living conditions in the City of San Diego.
• President of the Milk Institute of California, 1936.
• President of the Chamber of Commerce, 1935-1940s.
• President of the California Dairy Council, 1933-1934.
• President of the Executives Association, 1937-1938.
• Chairman and member of the Scholia Club, 1934-1968.
• Leader and 57-year Board Member of the Armed Forces YMCA at State and Broadway.
• Co-founder of the Merchants Association (aka Retail Credit Association).
• Director Emeritus, San Diego Federal Savings and Loan Association.
• Member of Community Boards: First Unitarian Church, Grant Club, San Diego Athletic Club, San Diego Club, San Diego Council of Churches, San Diego Open Forum, University Club (1937-1978).
• First San Diego Representative on the Board of Directors, Federal Home Loan Bank of Los Angeles (through letters of recommendation from Congressmen, Senators, and business leaders).
Douglas and Martha (Longmore) Young bought the newly constructed house on Lot 178 from Robert and Cora Anderson and their partners Leonard and Helga Johnson on June 25, 1931. They were the first owners and occupants of 4766 N. Talmadge Drive, which the Post Office later changed to 4363 N. Talmadge Drive in 1938. They lived in the house until 1950.
Born Harry Douglas Young on December 3. 1889 to Theodore and Emma (Thompson) Young, he went by “Douglas Young” through his life. He died on July 4, 1968 at the age of 78 (Obituary, San Diego Union, July 5, 1968). His early years were spent on a farm in Jefferson County, Kentucky as an only child. His father died when Young was only 10 years old, and he worked as a farm hand until he was 18 years old to help support his mother. He only completed elementary school and did not pursue higher education.
As an adult, he moved to Louisville, Kentucky and first began work as a farm hand then worked at an automobile agency. His true vocational training occurred when employed at the American National Bank, where he learned bookkeeping. He then accepted a position with Fidelity Trust Company. In 1911, he moved again to work for the Santa Fe Railway and YMCA in East Las Vegas, New Mexico. His mother soon joined him there and they shortly decided to move to San Diego, California, where they settled in 1913.
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Once in San Diego, Douglas first found employment with PM Dairy in 1913, which later became Arden Farms. Agricultural operations during those years developed cooperatives linking many daily farmers to bottling and distribution centers. Douglas accepted a position as general manager of the Milk Producers Association of San Diego County in 1917. He founded Qualitee Dairy Products in 1923. His peers elected him president of the state-wide California Dairy Council in 1933 and 1934. In 1936, his peers elected him as president of the Milk Institute of California, where he served for many years. While in that role, he merged Qualitee Dairy Products with the Milk Producers Association in 1952, and then it merged with Carnation Company in 1959. These organizations developed hygiene methodologies for pasteurizing, bottling, and delivery of milk products.
The wealth and knowledge Young developed during his 1931 to 1950 residence at 4363 N. Talmadge Drive enabled him to give back to the people of San Diego who purchased his milk products. This community service placed him in leadership positions that shaped the history of the City of San Diego. Periodic news articles referred to Young as a civic leader, philanthropist, and businessman. Five years after moving to La Jolla, following his residence in Talmadge Park, the City Council honored him as “Mr. San Diego.” In 1961, Sharp Memorial Hospital named their new wing of Mesa Vista Hospital as the “Douglas Young Clinic” in his honor.
When newspaper coverage of corruption at City Hall nearly caused Henry Ford to withdraw from involvement at the 1935 California-Pacific Exposition, Young joined forces with Walter Casey and other leaders of the Civic Affairs Conference. His leadership role helped convince the voters to change the City Charter to shift the power from a corrupt mayoral system to a City Council appointed City Manager. This convinced Ford to return to San Diego and build the structure that now houses the Aerospace Museum in Balboa Park.
Young played a significant leadership role in helping San Diego recover from the worst effects of the Great Depression. As the banks collapsed from 1931-1934, and homeowners lost their houses, Young volunteered in various civic leadership positions to help guide the San Diego Chamber of Commerce, San Diego Taxpayers Association, Employers Association, and American Red Cross to improve the plight of San Diego citizens. As a board director on the Chamber of Commerce, Young seized upon the opportunity to help create a second exposition set for 1935 that would restart the economy.
While actively engaged with the Civic Affairs Conference in 1934-1935, Young served as President of Community Chest, which raised money to provide food, medical services, and find housing and work for the homeless in San Diego. San Diego suffered the worst effects of the Great Depression in 1934, and thousands of people found themselves impoverished on the streets and in need of food and shelter.
In 1935, Young also served as Chairman of the Better Housing Committee, which provided financial assistance to homeowners to either purchase a new house or restore or remodel existing houses during the worst years of the Great Depression. Young’s leadership brought a Model Home Exhibit to the California-Pacific Exposition in 1935 that provided opportunities for local and Los Angeles architects to design and exhibit miniature model houses that visitors could examine and then take away literature on the Better Housing Program. As Europe and the South Pacific slipped into war in the late 1930s, Young expanded his involvement in many groups of civic leaders as possible to help San Diego to continue to recover from the Great Depression, Young joined and became a leader in the San Diego Club, Lions Club, University Club, and Scholia Club. An exemplary example of Young’s civic leadership during World War II is his chairmanship of the Easter Seal Drive in 1941, which raised money for children suffering from a variety of terrible diseases.
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But perhaps Young’s most significant contribution to the City of San Diego involved his role in creating Sharp Memorial Hospital on Kearny Mesa in 1947. The San Diego Hospital Association elected Young president and he organized the fundraising effort. Through his leadership, the family of Lieutenant Donald Sharp, United States Army Air Corps, donated the basic funding. They named the new hospital in honor of Lieutenant Sharp, whose bomber crashed during the war. Together they funded the design and construction of Sharp Memorial Hospital, which is a cornerstone in the San Diego medical community. In 1947, the Crippled Children’s Society elected Young as president to raise funds to pay for the care of children suffering from Polio and other debilitating diseases. Young continued to serve as President of the board of directors of Sharp Memorial Hospital through 1957. The American Cancer Society and Mental Health Association recruited Young to their boards in 1948. The City of San Diego honored him for his leadership in 1955 and Sharp Memorial Hospital named a clinic after him in 1961.
In 1948, Young organized a citizen committee to raise a $6.8 million dollar bond issue to help the San Diego City Schools build more classrooms to meet the needs of the families of returned war veterans. This effort passed and schools throughout San Diego expanded to meet the needs of this growing community. In later years, he would become director emeritus of the San Diego Federal Savings and Loan Association and later a representative on the board of Federal Home Loan Bank of Los Angeles.
Although the Young family moved to 1790 La Jolla Rancho Road in 1950, he continued his leadership role in civic affairs. He remained active in the Blackmer Masonic Lodge for 56-years. When he could no longer care for himself, he moved to St. Paul’s Manor at Second and Nutmeg, where he remained for the rest of his life.
Martha Elizabeth Longmore was born in 1888 in Mesa, Arizona. She married Douglas Young in San Diego in 1919. Martha listed her employment in the 1932 to 1949 directories as Vice President, General Manager, and Treasurer of Qualitee Dairy Products. The 1950 directory lists her as President of Qualitee Dairy Products Company.
There is no information on Martha’s involvement in community affairs. She died in San Diego in 1966, two years before Douglas. Martha served as a member of the Eastern Star, a Masonic auxiliary. Douglas and Martha listed their religion as Unitarian.
Two sons may have also lived at 4363 N. Talmadge Drive. Douglas Young, Jr, worked as President and owner of Pacific Glass and Mirror Company. Theodore C. Young worked as a Senior Vice President of Home Federal Savings and Loan Association. They also had a daughter, Mrs. Betty Jane Webster, who lived on Novato, California. In addition, the couple had 10 grandchildren. We note that the historical photograph shows two young boys riding their bikes outside the house, and it is likely they are Douglas and Theodore.
We also note that the 1937 San Diego city directory listed a Donna Pace, a maid, living at 4766 N. Talmadge Drive, although no further information is known about her and she was not listed in other San Diego directories.
Based on this review and the supporting documentation in Attachment B, there is substantial evidence that Douglas Young qualifies as an historically significant person during his 1931-1950 association with 4363 N. Talmadge Drive under Criterion B.
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Donna Pace (1937)
The 1937 directory shows Donna Pace resided at this house. Pace listed her occupation as maid. No further information is known about this resident.
Insufficient information was found about Donna Pace to determine she was historically significant for her association with 4363 N. Talmadge Drive under Criterion B.
Andrew and Frances Galloway (1952, 1958-60)
On June 30, 1950, the Youngs sold the property to Andrew and Frances S. Galloway. That transaction recorded on September 1, 1950. The Galloway’s owned the property through 1960, but from 1953 through 1957 they rented it to Mortimer and Mildred Johnson. They returned to reside in the residence from 1958 through 1960, which covers the historical period for the house. They sold it to J. Michael and Susan A. Channick on April 30, 1974. No vital statistics were found for Andrew Galloway. Frances Scaefer was born on August 17, 1903 in Wisconsin and died on May 31, 1985 in San Diego. Her mother’s maiden name was Tunmire (California Death Index).
Insufficient information was found about Andrew and Frances Galloway to determine they were historically significant for their association with 4363 N. Talmadge Drive under Criterion B.
Mortimer F. and Mildred Johnson (1953 – 1957)
Mortimer F. Johnson was born on February 17, 1891 in Connecticut and died on April 16, 1958. He was buried at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery in San Diego. At the time of his death, he resided at 4352 N. Talmadge Drive and he was the owner of the Johnson Envelope Company, which is still located at 631 Front Street. He lived in San Diego for 30 years and was a veteran of World War I. His obituary states he was a member of Post 6 of the American Legion, the San Diego Club, Uplifters Club, San Diego Executives Association, and the San Diego Lions Club. His next of kin were his widow, Mildred, a son, Robert, a daughter, Mrs. Wilma Heilbronner, two brothers, Fred and Harold, and a grandson.
Mildred was born on January 15, 1898 in Kansas (1930 U.S. Census). San Diego city directories from 1937 through 1948 show the couple lived in San Diego at 520 E. Arbor Drive and later 530 E. Arbor Drive, before they moved into the Talmadge Park house. The 1930 U.S. Census also shows Mildred worked as a cashier for a building and loan company while her husband owned the envelope manufacturing company. No further information is known about this couple.
Insufficient information was found about Mortimer and Mildred Johnson to determine they were historically significant for their association with 4363 N. Talmadge Drive under Criterion B.
For the reasons stated above, Legacy 106, Inc. concludes that only owner Douglas Young was significant under Criterion “B” during the period he occupied the house at 4363 N. Talmadge Drive.
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*B10. Significance (Criterion C continued):
Criterion “C” Embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of construction or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship.
Spanish Eclectic Style. The City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board staff relies on published sources and the known architectural history of San Diego to identify house styles. This residence is Spanish Eclectic style (Virginia and Lee McAlester, 2002, A Field Guide to American Houses, Alfred Knopf: New York, p. 416-429). This style often blended other styles such as adobe and Pueblo Revival, Native American, Mission, Gothic, Renaissance, Monterey, and Moorish and Islamic motifs and influences. Although many examples of Spanish Eclectic in Talmadge Park are one-story bungalows, this house varies considerably with the Andalusian style quarter tower entrance. The upstairs balcony and casement windows with shutters are reminiscent of Monterey style, but the overall front façade is an eclectic mix of design elements that constitute what is known as Spanish Eclectic. The designer probably drew from a mixture of design elements recorded in books on Spain and old Mexico. The current owner removed inappropriate rock appliqué to restore the house back to the way it appeared in the old photo shot by Robert W. Anderson to document his work. The architecturally defining features that are supportive of historic landmarking are:
1. The Andalusian style quarter tower entrance with Islamic privacy grills; 2. The cross-gable Spanish fired red clay tile roof that is primarily original tiles; 3. The round appliqué ornament at the top of the north gable facing North Talmadge Drive; 4. The original stucco walls and tapered stucco chimney; 5. The cathedral style living room window set in the front gable; 6. The second floor Monterey style balcony with lathe-turned balustrade; 7. The Spanish style faux chimney with small Islamic privacy window above the tower entrance; 8. The pairs of 3-pane casement windows flanked by wood shutters; 9. The two-car garage with modern wood doors that resemble older carpentry; 10. The exposed ornamental rafter tails under the short eaves; 11. The tile window sill at the base of the front cathedral windows; 12. The Medieval style front door with rows of heavy metal studs, wrought iron covered peep window, and cast brass door handle; 13. The cast brass doorbell plate that matches the door handle; 14. The wrought metal Spanish style porch lights; 15. The unusual grouted broken tile front porch and steps; 16. The dining room fixed 6-pane window flanked by 3-pane casement windows; 17. The canvas awning with cast steel spear support rods; 18. The low front patio wall with reconstructed front wood gate; 19. The spectacular living room stenciled open beam ceiling with wrought iron ornamental truss system; 20. The sculpted interior wall plaster with corbelled foyer portal, fireplace mantle, shelf and inset niches, and bullnosed corners; 21. The doors and baseboards antiqued with the green wash over dark stain; 22. The ornamental “Aztec hieroglyphic” Claycraft tile fireplace surround; 23. The terra cotta geometric tile foyer accented with polychrome tiles; 24. The finely wrought iron staircase balustrade; 25. The interior wood casement windows that seal the Islamic privacy windows; 26. The thin hardwood floor boards; 27. The original lighting fixtures; 28. The original toilet plumbing fixtures, tile floor, and tile wainscoting.
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*B10. Significance (Criterion C continued):
The City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board relies on the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historical Properties, which encourages retention of removed original fabric and materials. The current owner has retained the original materials and replaced in-kind the various windows, exterior walls, gates, and other features. In addition to the character-defining elements that are supportive of historic landmarking of the house, this study also includes itemization of the architectural changes that cause integrity loss to the house, as viewed from the public right-of-way. The only changes we observed are:
• The new wrought steel security bars on the east side of the house (not in public view); • The new stucco chimney that protrudes at the southwest corner of the house (not in public view).
These integrity issues are not serious, as they are generally not visible from the public view. The room additions off the back are inset 1-foot and for the most part not visible. The chimney is furthest to the rear and does not draw attention. Use of the interior steel security bars has minimized the intrusion of security bars, although this might be a safety issue during a fire.
Integrity Standards for Landmarking. The City of San Diego’s Historical Landmarking Policy focuses on what can be seen from the sidewalk, or public view, and that view must present “good” integrity. This term simply means high integrity would be no change since it was built and changes are a loss of integrity. Integrity is grounded in the property’s physical features and how they convey its significance. In other words, why, where, and when a property was built is important. Basically, the guidelines say that each property is recognized as a physical record of its time, place, and use. The degree to which changes impact the ability of a house to landmark is guided by whether or not the historic character of the property was retained and preserved. Some changes, if old enough, can achieve historical significance in their own right.
Ultimately, the question of integrity is answered by whether or not the property retains the identity for which it is significant. In evaluating a historic property, the City of San Diego uses the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. Part VIII of the National Register Bulletin provides guidance on how to evaluate the integrity of a property by outlining seven values or tests. These values are the property’s Location, Design, Setting, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association. That document asserts that a property must possess some, if not most, of these aspects in order to meet the National Register’s threshold for integrity. Local jurisdictions use these aspects as guidelines, but often apply a less stringent threshold for local landmarking.
Seven Integrity Value Tests: Location, Design, Setting, Materials, Workmanship, Feeling, and Association
Location. Location is the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred.
Review of the July 1934 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map No. 299H reveals the house is in its original location. The original address was 4766 N. Talmadge Drive.
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Design. Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements from other historic properties, will not be undertaken.
Although no architectural plans are known to exist, the house seems to match the old photo provided by Robert W. Anderson, son of the builder. The house is an excellent example of Spanish Eclectic design, as interpreted by Anderson in 1930. The designer drew from North African Islamic, Spanish Andalusian, and Mexican Monterey architectural influences to create this unique version of Spanish Eclectic architecture. While most architectural historians would place Monterey style as late 1930s in San Diego, this example is important as an early interpretation of this design feature. The original Mexican Monterey design of second floor verandas is actually derived from Eastern United States Colonial Revival architectural styles that adapted to adobe buildings and Spanish cutout, lathe-turned wood, and wrought iron railings.
The only changes to the original design are the additions off the back and southwest corner, most of which are not visible from the public view. Minor changes include the removal of the “S” brace on the front false chimney and replacement of the original lights on either side of the front door. Thus, the Design aspect is excellent.
Setting. Setting is the physical environment of a historic property. The setting is the larger area or environment in which a historic property is located. It may be an urban, suburban, or rural neighborhood or a natural landscape in which buildings have been constructed. The relationship of buildings to each other, setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways and walkways, and street trees together create the character of a district or neighborhood.
The setting is an old urban residential neighborhood that appears essentially unchanged with lot line setbacks, front lawns, and perimeter shrubbery. The streets and sidewalks also appear unchanged. The mature palm trees in the lawn strips look like they have been in those locations for a very long time. Overall, the public view of the street and Setting are excellent.
Materials. Materials are the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. The Standards state that deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary, physical, or pictorial evidence.
The house exhibits a Spanish fired red clay tile roof, restored sandy wall stucco, cement window grills, reconstructed wood entry gate (that matches the original), wood casement and fixed windows, and replacement tiles were intermixed with the original tiles. The interior ceiling beams and wrought iron ceiling truss system are exquisite and original. The original stenciling on the dark stained ceiling beams are in excellent condition. Highly skilled craftsmen created the interior lath and plaster walls, fireplace, inset bookshelves, and niches. The details shown in the hand-wrought iron staircase balustrade exhibits high craftsmanship, in that the rail top has been hammered to give the illusion of hand-hammering and the ends flare out at the scroll ends. Although Legacy 106, Inc. has examined a number of fireplaces with faux “Aztec” fireplace tile surrounds, this one is unique in our studies. The maker was identified by Joseph Thompson of the Tile Heritage Foundation in Healdsburg, California (Personal communication November 10, 2009). The current owner commissioned accurate reconstruction of the casement windows and careful replacement of the hardware to match the “ghost” scars left by the original hinges and crank arms.
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The owner also removed the stone veneer installed in 1966 to restore the front stucco to the way shown in the historical photo. The bathroom tiles appear to be original, although the blue tiles are unique and the interior tiles look newer than the house. The Materials aspect is excellent.
Workmanship. Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory.
The workmanship invested in creating this house shows high skills in design, erection of the design, plastering, woodworking, cement work, and tile setting. The Workmanship is excellent.
Feeling. Feeling is a property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time.
Pedestrians or commuters passing along the street and sidewalks could experience a strong historical sense of the 1920s-1930s time frame. The historical Feeling is excellent.
Association. Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.
This house is directly associated with the most productive period in Douglas Young’s life, where he attained historical significance for his professional and community service. The other people associated with the house did not attain historical significance.
Conclusion. The house at 4363 N. Talmadge Drive retains all seven aspects of integrity, which is excellent. Thus, the house meets the standard for excellent architectural integrity. Legacy 106, Inc. recommends the house for historical designation under Criterion C.
Criterion “D” Is representative of a notable work of a master builder, designer, architect, engineer, landscape architect, interior designer, artist or craftsman.
Contractors Robert A. Anderson and his partner Leonard Johnson of Anderson and Johnson Building Company, erected 4363 North Talmadge Drive. Legacy 106, Inc. first became acquainted with the building firm of Anderson and Johnson in 2007, while researching the Francis and Dorothy Harvey House, located at 5801 Adelaide Avenue in the San Diego community of El Cerrito. (Now San Diego Historical Landmark No. 935.) Anderson’s son provided both the owners of 5801 Adelaide and 4363 North Talmadge Drive with documentation indicating his father erected both houses. That material included historical photographs of both houses. There is no record of who designed 4363 North Talmadge Drive, although the architect for 5801 Adelaide was identified as Kenneth Messenger. All attempts to track down that son for further information have failed.
Contractor, Anderson and Johnson. The firm of Anderson and Johnson was headed by Robert A. Anderson, a building contractor. In 1928, he lived at 4745 Hawley Avenue with his wife Cora and their family. Deed records for the property show that Robert and Cora Anderson and Leonard and Helga Johnson, as joint tenants, purchased the N. Talmadge Drive lot from Edwin and Anna Peterson on October 29, 1930. The 1928 San Diego city directory shows Leonard listed his occupation as a building contractor and he and Helga lived at 5007 Marlborough Drive in Kensington.
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The Official Blue Book 1951 business directory for San Diego also listed the firm, with offices at 517 Harbor Insurance Building. The history of this company’s building record in San Diego, and perhaps elsewhere, is not well understood, even by the family, although photographs of the houses survive. The current owners of 5801 Adelaide Avenue in El Cerrito have a partial copy of an Anderson family newsletter that R.A. “Bob” Anderson provided to the previous owners in December 1991. In that year, Anderson was then living in Lakeside, California. The newsletter indicated his father kept a photographic collection of the houses he built, although most were unidentified by address.
The discovery process to learn more about this company and the Anderson and Johnson family has been a bit of a challenge. The company did not file Articles of Incorporation for their firm. A search of the San Diego City directories in the 1920s and 1930s will show that there are many people with the last name of Andersons and Johnson working as building contractors and carpenters in this period. The best initial information came from the Homeowner’s Handbook associated with 5801 Adelaide Avenue, provided by R.A. Anderson. The Historical Resources Board designated 5801 Adelaide Avenue of El Cerrito in October 2009, but left the door open for Anderson’s status as a master builder for a future nomination.
The Douglas and Martha Young house was included in this newsletter as, “just east of Kensington.” The newsletter also indicated that his father had not written much information on the photographs, but the reverse side of the Adelaide house had “Gates 740-23 St.,” which Anderson noted was “an area of San Diego that was raised for freeway 94” (Homeowner’s Handbook, newsletter from R.A. Anderson). This would suggest that the gates may have been salvaged from a property that was to be destroyed by the construction of the freeway. This raises interesting questions about builder’s involvement in the salvage of building materials for the houses slated for destruction by the wide breadth of highway which cut a line from east to west from downtown San Diego eastward. Legacy 106, Inc. has evaluated a number of old houses, some from the turn of the century, that were moved to new locations by this process, and has found that the documentation of this migration of houses is scarce, as part of San Diego’s community history. In addition, the salvaging of building parts, and the role contractors, builders, and architects may have played in that process, is an untold chapter of San Diego’s development that deserves further study, presuming, of course, that the records can be found.
Robert A. Anderson. (Cora Anderson). The newsletter also discusses Bob’s uncle, Willie Anderson, who worked with his father. Willie is pictured posing next to Multnomah Falls, near Portland, Oregon, in a picture taken by his brother Robert in 1920. Another photograph shows Robert posing next to his Model T Ford “along some unknown section of road.” This information shows that the Anderson brothers were clearly sufficiently wealthy to own an automobile in 1920. Furthermore, they were apparently adventurous travelers, and may have been familiar with San Diego’s back country, and would have had an interest in the development of the highway and road infrastructure throughout the county.
U.S. Census records provide some information about the Anderson family, although virtually no information was found about the Johnson’s. In all likelihood they were connected as family to the Andersons, presumably by marriage, but this could not be confirmed. The 1930 U.S. Census identifies Robert and Cora Anderson living at 4745 Hawley blvd. Previous San Diego city directories, including the 1921 directory, show Robert Anderson worked as a carpenter as early as that year, and resided at 1632 Dale Street in San Diego. The 1920 U.S. Census shows he lived with his parents and siblings in Buse, Otter Tail, Minnesota, where his father was a farmer and Robert and Willie worked as carpenters in “general carpentry.” The 1923 directory shows he was residing at 3134 Dale, and working as a builder.
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*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion D continued):
The most significant entry in this period comes from the 1924 San Diego city directory, which listed Robert at 3134 Dale, with the company name “Anderson & Johnson.” This would indicate that he and Johnson formed their company by that year. A separate listing under Anderson & Johnson indicated that the firm was “Anderson & Johnson, R A Anderson and Leonard Johnson, building contractors, 1517 30th” (1924 San Diego city directory). The 1925 directory shows Anderson still resided at the same address, and he listed himself as a building contractor, without the Anderson & Johnson association. He does not yet appear to be married in this year, as Cora was not listed. The 1910 U.S. Census reveals some clues about the family. Robert and Willie Anderson’s parents were Andrew and Carrie Anderson. Both were born in Denmark and they had immigrated to America in 1894. They became naturalized citizens in 1899, no doubt a promising accomplishment for the young immigrants looking forward to a new century.
In 1920, Andrew Anderson was 54 years of age and Carrie was 58. They had four children living with them, Willie, who was born about 1892 in Minnesota and was then 28 years old. Robert was their next youngest son, and he like all of his siblings, was also born in Minnesota, in 1896. He was 24 years old. His younger brother was Harry, born about 1901, and was then 19 years old. The youngest was a daughter Esther, age 16, who was born about 1904. Andrew listed his occupation as a farmer, but the two sons clearly had another occupation and destiny in mind, as they were both carpenters and by the following year would be taking a Model T Ford west. We can only wonder if younger siblings Harry and Esther joined them west, in the years following.
San Diego city directory information for Anderson also shows that by 1927 he had married Cora, and they were living at the 4745 Hawley Boulevard address. They remained at that address through 1939, and perhaps longer. The 1930 U.S. Census indicates that Robert and Carrie Anderson married when they were 29 years old, which means it would be nine years after they left for the west before Robert married. Clearly, he moved to Dale Street by 1921, and the directory indicates he “resided “r” ” there, which means he did not own the house and there is another person associated with that address who was the owner.
Leonard (Lenard) Johnson. (Helga or Helda Johnson). Leonard Johnson is listed in the 1924 San Diego city directory residing at 1811 Adams Avenue, with “Anderson & Johnson” as his work association. He did not list a wife, so we presume he was not married at that time. This address was the location of the Mission Cliff Hotel and Apartments, located near Park Boulevard and the famous San Diego Ostrich Farm. The classified section listed the firm as “Anderson & Johnson, 1517 30th “ (1924 San Diego city directory). The 1925 city directory listed him residing at 1811 Adams Avenue and his occupation as a building contractor. Johnson was not listed in the 1921 or 1923 directories. By 1926, Johnson had married and his listing in the city directory was now as a building contractor living at 5007 Marlborough Drive. His wife’s name was Helga L. Johnson. This residence was located very near the offices of the Davis Baker Company, Pasadena-based developers of the extensive and exclusive Kensington Heights tract, with offices on the corner of Hilldale and Marlborough Drive. The location of their new home suggests that Anderson & Johnson were likely involved with building homes in Kensington Heights, based upon Legacy106, Inc.’s extensive research of buildings in this tract.
By 1933, Helga and Leonard’s address was 4965 Marlborough Drive instead of 5007 Marlborough. This could either mean that they moved, or it could also be a product of the shift in addresses in this neighborhood due to infill of new house construction, which necessitated a “bumping” of addresses. In all likelihood, the latter situation is the case, as the Householder’s section of the directory, which shows addresses by street, indicates most of this area was well built out along this block by this time.
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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial
Page 17 of 17 *Resource Name or # Douglas and Martha Young House
*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA *Date: November 2009 Continuation Update
*B10. Significance (Criterion D continued):
In 1934, the Johnsons were listed at the same address in the directory. However, Leonard did not list any occupation (although this period was the worst of the Great Depression). By 1936, the Johnsons were not listed at 4965 Marlborough Drive and the reverse Householders directory indicates Mrs. G. M. Engle was living there. Mrs. Gertrude Engle was the wife of chiropractor Harry Engle, and it is not known if she was a relative of the Johnsons. Perhaps this was simply a temporary rental, as the 1939 directory shows the Johnsons were back in their 4965 Marlborough address, and Leonard listed his occupation as “carpenter” (1939 San Diego city directory).
One additional source of information about this family is the 1930 U.S. Census, which shows the family living at 5001 Marlborough Drive in Kensington. This record listed Leonard as “Lenard,” and Helga as “Helda L.” They had a 3 year old son, Arny L., who was born in California. The census shows that they owned the home, and it was valued at $7000. Leonard was 39 years old and Helga was 27, and she had married him when she was 22 years old and he was 33. They both were from Sweden, as were their parents, and their native language was Swedish. Interestingly, the census also indicates that he had immigrated to America in 1913 and she came in 1925, probably the year before they married. Leonard listed his occupation as a building contractor and that he owned his own company (1930 U.S. Census).
In conclusion, this is the second residence the HRB has considered by this building company. However, more information is needed about Robert A. Anderson and Leonard Johnson to evaluate their importance as builders under Criterion D.
HRB Criterion E National Register of Historic Places listing or eligibility.
This Criterion does not presently apply.
HRB Criterion F as a contributing resource to a Historical District.
This house has not been surveyed within any potential or proposed historic district. At this time this Criterion does not apply.
1
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A.1 Assessor’s Building Record
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A.1 Assessor’s Building Record
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A.2 Notice of Completion – 1935 Sun-room and Second Floor Bathroom by Anderson & Johnson for Douglas Young
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A.3 Water Record – November 1930 By Robert Anderson, Builder & Property Owner
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A.3 Sewer Record
None Found
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A.4 Building / Construction Permits - 1975
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A.5 Site Plan with Footprint Showing Additions
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A.6 County Lot and Block Book Page
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A.7 Previous Survey Forms
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Attachment B Ownership and Occupant Information
B.1 – Chain of Title B.2 – Directory Search of Occupants B.3 – Deed from the Date of Construction
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B.1 Chain of Title
Instrument Date
May 8, 1928 Union Trust Company of San Diego to Edwin L. Peterson Book 1456, Page 345, Recorded June 9, 1928
October 29, 1930 Edwin L. and Anna M. Peterson to Robert and Cora Anderson and Leonard and Helga Johnson, Joint Tenants Book 1801, Page 339, Recorded October 30, 1930
June 25, 1931 Robert and Cora Anderson and Leonard and Helga Johnson, Joint Tenants To Douglas and Martha E. Young, Book 6, Page 191, Recorded July 21, 1931
March 22, 1935 Notice of Completion. Douglas Young. Contracted with Anderson & Johnson for an addition of a downstairs sunroom and second floor bathroom Completed March 4, 1935. Recorded March 22, 1935
September 5, 1941 Union Title Insurance and Trust Company to Seaboard Securities Company Book 1229, Page 404, Reversionary rights for Talmadge Park Map 1869, Talmadge Park Unit 2 Map 1878, Talmadge Park Unit 3 Map 1900 Recorded September 11, 1941
June 30, 1950 Douglas and Martha E. Young to Andrew and Frances S. Galloway Book 3762, Page 180. Recorded September 1, 1950
February 18, 1965 Sheriff’s Notice of Levy Upon Real Property upon Andrew and Frances Galloway File No. 30115.
September 20, 1965 Sheriff’s Notice of Release of Levy upon Andrew Galloway. File No. 170228
April 30, 1974 Andrew and Frances S. Galloway to J. Michael and Susan A. Channick File No. 110320
October 24, 1979 J. Michael and Susan A. Channick to Betty L. Engel File No. 185696
April 10, 1989 Betty L. Lubin and Micael Lubin to Betty L. Engel File No. 185696
January 9, 1992 Betty L. Engel to Michael Lubin and Betty L. Engel Quitclaim. File No. 12994
June 25, 1992 Michael Lubin and Betty L. Engel to Betty L. Engel Quitclaim. File No. 396500
August 2, 1993 Betty L. Engel to Michael Lubin and Betty L. Engel Quitclaim. File No. 496100
April 10, 2000 Betty L. Engel and Michael Lubin to Lubin/Engel Family Trust Quitclaim. File No. 180984
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B.2 Directory Search of Occupants
Date Owner(s) Information from Alpha listing 1927-31 No listing 1932-33 Young, Douglas [note house number (Martha E) Genl Mgr-Treas is listed as 4766] Qualitee Dairy Prods Co. 1934-49 Young, Douglas Note: street number (Martha E) Vice Pres - Genl Mgr- changes to 4363 in 1938 directory Treas Qualitee Dairy Prods Co. 1950 Young, Douglas (Martha E) Pres Qualitee Dairy Prods Co. 1952 Galloway, Andrew (o) (Frances) USN 1953-57 Johnson, Mortimer F (Mildred) Johnson Envelope Co. [631 Front] 1958-60 Galloway, Andres (o) USN
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B.3 Deed from the Date of Construction
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B.3 Deed from the Date of Construction
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B.3 Deed from the Date of Construction
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Attachment C Maps
C.1 — City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map C.2 — Current and Historical USGS Maps C.3 — Original Subdivision Map C.4 — Sanborn Maps 1886/1887 1906 1921 1940 1950 1956
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C.1 City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map
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C.2 Current USGS Map
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C.2 Historical USGS Maps – 1938-1939 (Courtesy San Diego Historical Society)
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C.3 Original Subdivision Map – Talmadge Park Unit No. 1, Map 1869
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C.3 Original Subdivision Map – Talmadge Park Unit No. 1, Map 1869
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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1886/1887
None for this Area
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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1906
None for this Area
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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1921
None for this Area
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C.4 Sanborn Map 299H – July 1934
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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1950
None available
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C.4 Sanborn Map 299HF – 1956 Update (Courtesy San Diego Public Library)
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Attachment D Photographs
D.1 — Historical Photographs D.2 — Current Photographs
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D.1 Historical Photograph Comparison with Current view of the House Provided by R.A. “Bob” Anderson in December 1991 and handed down to Rick Haas and Suzanne Floyd
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D.1 Historical Photograph – 1930 San Diego Historical Society # 89:17794-14
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D.2 Current Photographs – North Elevation All photos by Ronald V. May
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D.2 Current Photographs – North Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – North Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – North Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – North Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – West Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – West Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – East Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – South Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – South Elevation
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D.2 Current Photographs – South Elevation Addition
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D.2 Current Photographs – South Elevation Addition
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D.2 Current Photographs – Interior
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D.2 Current Photographs – Interior
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D.2 Current Photographs – Interior
47
D.2 Current Photographs – Interior
48
D.2 Current Photographs – Interior
49
Attachment E HRB Criteria Supplemental Documentation
E.1 — Criterion A E.2 — Criterion B E.3 — Criterion C E.4 — Criterion D E.5 — Criterion E E.6 — Criterion F
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E.1 Criterion A – Community History San Diego Union, January 9, 1927
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E.1 Criterion A – Community History Architectural Control
In 1948, San Diego’s Planning Commission evaluated District 27, which included Talmadge Park and Kensington, wrote an article stating these two subdivisions had retained their values since 1925, despite the economic troubles of the 1930s and World War II:
San Diego Union, October 24, 1948,
“Talmadge Park, Kensington Boast Highest Average-Cost Homes in SD
FAR AHEAD OF AVERAGE COST. This small quiet section with its winding, tree-lined streets is far down the list in numbers of new houses in recent years, but a valuation comparison shows that it ranks far ahead the average cost of new dwelling units of any other section, including La Jolla, well known for its homes in the upper-cost bracket. . . .
. . . George Forbes, original owner and developer of Kensington Heights, said that of the 500 lots in this tract alone, less than 50 remain vacant and of these, few are for sale. Most of the vacant lots are held by prospective builders or by home-0owners who wanted more adjacent space.
The same situation is true in Talmadge Park, said Guy Lichty, who with his brother, the late Roy C. Lichty, represented the syndicate that developed it. The 6 units in Talmadge Park included about 1500 lots and Lichty estimated that 1200 homes have been built since the development started in January, 1925. He well recalls the day when the Talmadge Park project was opened, sparked by a fiesta and a visit of three actress- sisters, Norma, Constance, and Natalie Talmadge. For whom the subdivision was named. “We sold $190,000 worth of real estate here that day.” He said.”
… Both Lichty and Forbes agree that architectural control, plus a determined desire to build up a better place to live, has led District 27 to the top of San Diego’s finer-homes list.”
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E. Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E. Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Douglas and Martha E Young (1932 – 1950)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Andrew and Frances Galloway (1952 and 1958-60)
Date Owner(s) Information from Alpha listing 1952 Galloway, Andrew (o) (Frances) USN 1953-57 Johnson, Mortimer F (Mildred) Johnson Envelope Co. [631 Front] 1958-60 Galloway, Andres (o) USN
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Mortimer F. and Mildred Johnson (1953 – 1957)
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E.2 Criterion B – Historical Person
Mortimer F. and Mildred Johnson (1953 – 1957)
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E.4 Criterion D – Contractor Anderson & Johnson
Page 3 of family newsletter listing two houses built by Anderson & Johnson (Courtesy of Rick Haas and Suzanne Floyd; from Homeowner’s Handbook)
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E.4 Criterion D – Contractor Anderson & Johnson – 1924 Directory Listings
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E.4 Criterion D – Contractor Anderson & Johnson – 1932 Directory Listings
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E.4 Criterion D – Contractor Leonard Johnson – 1930 U.S. Census
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, July 15, 1996
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, July 15, 1996
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, July 15, 1996
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, July 15, 1996
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Historical Greater Mid-City San Diego Preservation Strategy, July 15, 1996
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E.4 Criterion F City of San Diego Kensington / Talmadge Existing Conditions Historic and Cultural Resources, October 8, 2003 (landmarks = red dot) http://www.sandiego.gov/planning/community/profiles/kensington-talmadge/pdf/2hckental.pdf (Note: This map has not been updated by the City since 2003.)
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Attachment F Works Cited
F.1 — Provide a list of works cited (bibliography)
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F.1 Bibliography
Books
Brandes, Ray S. 1991 “San Diego Architects 1868-1939.” University of San Diego
California Office of Historic Preservation 1996 The California Register of Historic Resources: Regulations for Nomination of Historic Properties. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation
McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester 2002 Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.
McGrew, Clarence Alan 1922 History of San Diego and Imperial Counties. New York: The American History Society
National Park Service 1985 Historic American Building Survey Guidelines for Preparing Written and Historical Descriptive Data. Division of National Register Programs, Western Regional Office, San Francisco, California
Hartmann, Glenn D. 1977 Architectural Description Guide: Developed for Use in Preparing Nominations for State and National Registers of Historic Places. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Washington State Parks & Recreation Commission, Olympia, Washington
Government Documents
City of San Diego Historical Resources Board 2009 Historical Resource Research Report Guidelines and Requirements, Land Development Manual, Historical Resources Guidelines, Appendix E, Part 1.1, Adopted by the Historical Resources Board November 30, 2006, Updated January 24, 2008 and February 9, 2009.
City of San Diego Historical Resources Board 2009 Historical Landmarks Designated by the San Diego Historical Resources Board
Historical Nominations
Historical Nomination of the Francis and Dorothy Harvey / Kenneth Messenger House. Kenneth Messenger, Architect, Anderson & Johnson, Builder, 5801 Adelaide Avenue, El Cerrito Heights, San Diego, California for the City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board, by Ronald V. May, RPA and Dale Ballou May, Legacy 106, Inc. December 2007.
Internet
Ancestry.com, www.ancestry.com (U.S. Census, California Death Index, Social Security Death Index, genealogical files)
Personal Communication
Joseph Thompson, Tile Heritage Foundation in Healdsburg, California, November 2009
San Diego Historical Society, Archives
Index to Property, Biographical Files / Obituaries, Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, City Directories, 1926-1956