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De Bello Gallico Caesar’s De Bello Gallico SELECTION OF LATIN TEXTS FOR COLLEGE CREDIT LatinLego.com | B. Carrington | December 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico SUMMARY OF CONTENTS Book 1 1. The nature of Gaul (Book 1, Chapter 1) pages 2-7 2. The conspiracy of Orgetorix (Book 1, Chapters 2-3) pages 8-17 3. The preparations of the Helvetians (Book 1, Chapters 4-5) pages 18-23 4. The Helvetians request passage (Book 1, Chapters 6-7) pages 24-33 Book 4 5. Caesar’s troops arrive off the coast of Britain (Book 4, Chapters 24-25) pages 34-41 6. Battle on the shores of Britian (Book 4, Chapters 26-27) pages 42-49 7. A storm at sea, and among the British chieftains (Book 4, Chapters 28-30) pages 50-59 8. A surprise attack! (Book 4, Chapters 31-33) pages 60-69 9. Caesar defeats the Britons (Book 4, Chapters 34-36) pages 70-77 Book 5 10. Winter quarters (Book 5, Chapters 24-25) pages 78-85 11. Trouble arises (Book 5, Chapters 26-27) pages 86-95 12. Deliberation (Book 5, Chapters 28-29) pages 96-105 13. Moving out (Book 5, Chapters 30-32) pages 106-113 14. A trap (Book 5, Chapters 33-34) pages 114-121 15. Roman bravery in adversity (Book 5, Chapters 35-36) pages 122-129 16. Sabinus’s last stand (Book 5, Chapters 37-39) pages 130-139 17. Quintus Cicero under attack (Book 5, Chapters 40-41) pages 140-147 18. The Nervii attack (Book 5, Chapters 42-43) pages 148-155 19. Bravery and letters to Caesar (Book 5, Chapters 44-46) pages 156-165 20. Help is collected (Book 5, Chapters 47-48) pages 166-173 Book 6 21. Druids (Book 6, Chapter 13) pages 174-181 22. Power and privilege among the Gauls (Book 6, Chapters 14-16) pages 182-191 23. The Gauls and their gods (Book 6, Chapters 17-18) pages 192-197 24. Life among the Gauls (Book 6, Chapters 19-20) pages 198-203 Appendixes 1. List of functions page 205 2. List of structures pages 206-207 1 3. Endings and Color Coding Key pages 208-210 e 4. Methodology: sequence of steps pages 211-217 Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico THE NATURE OF GAUL. TEXT [1] 1) Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur. 2) Hi omnes lingua, institutis, legibus inter se differunt. 3) Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana dividit. 4) Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt. 5) Qua de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt, quod fere cotidianis proeliis cum Germanis contendunt, cum aut suis finibus eos prohibent aut ipsi in eorum finibus bellum gerunt. 6) Eorum una pars, quam Gallos obtinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum, attingit etiam ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, vergit ad septentriones. 7) Belgae ab extremis Galliae finibus oriuntur, pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni, spectant in septentrionem et orientem solem. 8) Aquitania a Garumna flumine ad Pyrenaeos montes et eam partem Oceani quae est ad Hispaniam pertinet; spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones. 2 e Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico VOCABULARY – NOTES – COMMENTS – SPEECH DEVICES – COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS 3 e Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico THE NATURE OF GAUL. PLAIN TRANSLATION [1] 1) All Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae inhabit, the Aquitani another, those who in their own language are called Celts, in our Gauls, the third. 2) All these differ from each other in language, customs and laws. 3) The river Garonne separates the Gauls from the Aquitani; the Marne and the Seine separate them from the Belgae. 4) Of all these, the Belgae are the bravest, because they are furthest from the civilization and refinement of our Province, and merchants least frequently resort to them, and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind; and they are the nearest to the Germans, who dwell beyond the Rhine, with whom they are continually waging war. REVERSE CHUNKED VERBATIM TRANSLATION [1] 1) All Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae inhabit, the Aquitani another, those who in their own language are called Celts, in our Gauls, the third. 2) All these differ from each other in language, customs and laws. 3) The river Garonne separates the Gauls from the Aquitani; the Marne and the Seine separate them from the Belgae. 4) Of all these, the Belgae are the bravest, because they are furthest from the civilization and refinement of our Province, and merchants least frequently resort to them, and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind; and they are the nearest to the Germans, who dwell beyond the Rhine, with whom they are continually waging war. 4 e Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico COLOREMUS [1] 1) Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam1 qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur2. 2) Hi omnes lingua, institutis, legibus inter se differunt. 3) Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana dividit. 4) Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea1 quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent2 important1, proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt3, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt4. FSO (Functions Subjects/Objects) – FOTSO (Functions Other Than Subjects/Objects): see below 1) est 1) incolunt 1) (incolunt) 1) (incolunt) 1) appellantur 2) differunt 3) dividit 3) <dividunt> 4) sunt 4) absunt 4) commeant 4) pertinent 4) important 4) sunt 4) incolunt 4) gerunt FOTSO & STRUCTURES (Fct# 8-9-11-23-44-49 / Str# 1-6-9.2-10-12.1-12.3 / 18.2-20.1) 1) quarum: 3) ab Aquitanis / a Belgis: 1) ipsorum: 1) lingua: 3) Garumna flumen: 1) nostra: 4) a cultu atque humanitate: 2) lingua, institutis, legibus: 4) horum omnium: 4) ad eos: 4) provinciae: 4) ad effeminandos animos: 4) Germanis: 4) quibuscum: 1) quarum […] / qui […] & 4) quae […] / qui […]: 4) propterea quod […]: 5 e Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico PLAIN TRANSLATION 5) For which reason the Helvetii also surpass the rest of the Gauls in valor, as they contend with the Germans in almost daily battles, when they either repel them from their own territories, or themselves wage war on their frontiers. 6) One part of these, which it has been said that the Gauls occupy, takes its beginning at the river Rhone; it is bounded by the river Garonne, the ocean, and the territories of the Belgae; it borders, too, on the side of the Sequani and the Helvetii, upon the river Rhine, and stretches toward the north. 7) The Belgae rises from the extreme frontier of Gaul, extend to the lower part of the river Rhine; and look toward the north and the rising sun. 8) Aquitania extends from the river Garonne to the Pyrenaean Mountains and to that part of the ocean which is near Spain: it looks between the setting of the sun, and the North Star. REVERSE CHUNKED VERBATIM TRANSLATION 5) For which reason the Helvetii also surpass the rest of the Gauls in valor, as they contend with the Germans in almost daily battles, when they either repel them from their own territories, or themselves wage war on their frontiers. 6) One part of these, which it has been said that the Gauls occupy, takes its beginning at the river Rhone; it is bounded by the river Garonne, the ocean, and the territories of the Belgae; it borders, too, on the side of the Sequani and the Helvetii, upon the river Rhine, and stretches toward the north. 7) The Belgae rises from the extreme frontier of Gaul, extend to the lower part of the river Rhine; and look toward the north and the rising sun. 8) Aquitania extends from the river Garonne to the Pyrenaean mountains and to that part of the ocean which is near Spain: it looks between the setting of the sun, and the north star. 6 e Pag Sources: Translation: W. A. McDevitte, W. S. Bohn, 1st Edition, Harper & Brothers, 1869. Chunked translation, Coloremus, FSOs, FOTSO & Structures: B.Carrington, LatinLego.com 2017 Julius Cæsar - De Bello Gallico COLOREMUS 5) Qua de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt, quod fere cotidianis proeliis cum Germanis contendunt1, cum aut suis finibus eos prohibent aut ipsi in eorum finibus bellum gerunt2. 6) Eorum una pars, quam Gallos obtinere dictum est1, initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum, attingit etiam ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, vergit ad septentriones.
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