AL-V-B-152 Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge, site
Architectural Survey File
This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.
Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.
All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.
Last Updated: 12-11-2003 INDIVIDUAL PROPERTY/DISTRICT MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST INTERNAL NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM
Property/District Name: RR Bridge over Wills Creek Survey Number: AL-V-B-152
Project: Proposed demolition Agency:
Site visit by MHT Staff: ~no __ yes
Eligibility recommended _x~- Eligibility not recommended
Criteria: ~A __B __c __D Considerations: __A __B __c __D __E __F __G __None
Justification for decision: (Use continuation sheet if necessary and attach map)
Located in Locust Grove, the railroad bridge over Wills Creek is a brick structure constructed in the 1840s. It is one of the earliest remaining railroad bridges in Maryland. The structure is a four span brick arch bridge supported by granite piers. Marble and granite capstones line the deck. Built by the Cumberland Pennsylvania Railroad, the bridge was a component of the network of rail lines that brought Western Maryland coal to the eastern markets. The bridge is significant for its association with the development of rail transportation in the county as well as the state (Criterion A). Abandoned in the 1980s, the bridge exhibits signs of serious deterioration but its integrity of location, design, materials, feeling and association remain intact. The railroad bridge over Wills Creek at Locust Grove illustrates distinctive characteristics of type, period and method of ~.onstruction.
N.B. To ease flooding, CSX is pursuing the demolition of the bridge. It appeares that MHT does not have a regulatory handle on the demolition. We recommended that the bridge be recorded prior to demolition.
Documentation on the property/district is presented in =~M.,.a::.:r'-y'""'l"'""a=n'-"'d'-=-I""'n'"'v"""e:.:.n.:.:t:..:o""r"-y....______
Prepared by: G. J. Melodini, CSX Transportation/Inventory Form=David Dorsey
Lauren Bowlin October 24 1997 Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date
NR program concurrence: X. yes no not applicable ') l , /) c;: l ~- ,_ L -~~ ( \ .___ IC 1-2-7/'~/ / Reviewer, N program ':; 1 D1te MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST NR Eligible: yes _X_ NR-ELIGIBILITY REVIEW FORM no
Property Name: Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge Inventory Number: AL-V-B-152
Address: Route 40 & Mount Savage Road City: Homewood Zip Code: ______
County: ~A=l=le,,...g~a=n'-'-v ______USGS Topographic Map: CUMBERLAND
Owner:
Tax Parcel Number: Tax Map Number: ____ Tax Account ID Number:
Project: Agency:
Site visit by MHT staff: X no __yes Name: Date:
Eligibility recommended ~ Eligibility not recommended
Criteria: A B C D Considerations: A B c D E F G None
Is the property located within a historic district? no __yes Name of District: ------~ Is district listed? no yes Determined eligible? no yes District Inventory Number:
Documentation on the property/district is presented in:
)escription of Property and Eligibility Determination: (Use continuation sheet if necessary and attach map and photo) The Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge is significant in architectural, engineering, and industrial history as a rare example of a mid-19th century, masonry, arched bridge, a type of constuction once found more commonly proir to the later 19th century proliferation of iron bridges. Built by the Maryland Mining Company around 1845, the four-span bridge was associated with the development of the coal mining industry in western Maryland.
Prepared by: ICC/Phyllis Johnson-Ball Date Prepared: 03/30/1981
MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW Eligibility recommended __K__ Eligibility not recommended __ Criteria A B C D Considerations A B C D E F G None MHT Comments: Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge was Federally nominated for the National Register of Historic Places.
Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date Bruce MacDougal Mav 14.1981 Reviewer, NR Program Date AL-V-B-152 Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge
On the 7th of April in 1845 the Maryland Mining Company broke ground for the construction of a railway from Eckhart Mines to the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad's Mount Savage line on the northern side of Wills Creek at the Narrows. The most interesting feature of the Eckhart Branch railroad is the masonry bridge across Wills Creek where it joined the Cumberland and Pennsylvania line. The bridge consists of four elliptical brick arches with gauged brick borders. Walls of the bridge are laid in english bond with pilasters at the piers. It rests on three stone piers and stone abutments. Although it is the oldest standing railroad bridge in Allegany County and in poor condition, the brick bridge is still in use serving local industries.
------,_ ---·'------__.--:.:___ __ ~ ---- AL-V-B-152
MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST MAGI NO. 0108155417
INVENTORY FORM FOR STATE HISTORIC SITES SURVEY
0NAME HISTORIC Eckhart Branch Railroad Bridge
AND/OR COMMON
flLOCATION STREET & NUMBER Wills Creek ( at the Narrows) Sixth CITY. rowN La Vale CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT _ VICINITY OF STATE Maryland llCLASSIFICATION
CATEGORY OWNERSHIP xSTATUS PRESENT USE _DISTRICT _PUBLIC _OCCUPIED __AGRICULTURE _MUSEUM
_BUILDING($) _X>RIVATE _UNOCCUPIED _COMMERCIAL -~PARK XsrnucTuRE _BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS _EDUCATIONAL _PRIVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE _ENTERTAINMENT _RELIGIOUS _OBJECT _IN PROCESS _YES RESTRICTED _GOVERNMENT _SCIENTIFIC _BEING CONSIDERED X-- YES UNRESTRICTED _INDUSTRIAL ~TRANSPORTATION _NO _MILITARY _OTHER DOWNER OF PROPERTY
NAME The Chessie System Telephone # : 724-3000 STREET & NUMBER 722 Virginia Avenue CITY. TOWN STATE I Zl.p code Cumberland _ v1c1N1TY oF Maryland 21502 llLOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION Liber #: COURTHOUSE. Folio #: REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Allegany County Courthouse STREET & NUMBER 30 Washington Street CITY. TOWN STATE Cumberland Maryland 21502 II REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE
DATE _FEDERAL -STATE _COUNTY _LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS
CITY. TOWN STATE j ,_-v - ;_) - B DESCRIPTION /
CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE x x _EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED _UNALTERED _ORIGrNAL SITE _GOOD _RUINS __ALTERED _MOVED DATE ___ _ UNEXPOSED
DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
The bridge consists of four elliptical brick arches with gauged brick borders. Wall are laid in enlish bond and wall features include brick pilasters located above the piers. A stone railing is raised approximately one-half foot above the deck of the bridge. It rests on rectangular stone piers with rounded ends and cement fenders which absorb the force of water, stricking debris, and ice. The stone abutment on the north is in relatively good condition. The southern abutment and a small part of the northernmost arch have been partially obscured by construction of Route 36. The bridge and a small part of the railroad are still in use serving local industries.
CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY II SIGNIFICANCE
r'ERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW
_PREHfSTORIC ____ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _RELIGION _1400-1499 __ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW _SCIENCE _1500-1599 --"'GRICULTUR~ _ECONOMICS _LITERATURE _SCULPTURE _1600-1699 _MRCHITECTURE _EDUCATION _MILITARY _SOCIAUHUMANITARIAN _ 1700-1799 ____ART ~ENGINEERING _MUSIC --XTHEATER ~1800-1899 _COMMERCE _EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY _TRANSPORTATION _1900- _COMMUNICATIONS _INDUSTRY _POLITI CS/GOVERNMENT _OTHER ISPECIFYI _INVENTION
SPECIFIC DATES 1845 BUILDER/ARCHITECT The Maryland Mining Company
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
On the 7th of April in 1845 the Maryland Mining Company broke ground for the construction of a railway from Eckhart Mines to the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad's Mount Savage line on the northern side of Wills Creek at the Narrows. (1) 11 It required a full year of construction for the railroad to literally tear its way throught the'steep and rocky and rugged sides of the mountains'. 11 (2) Provisions of the charters of most Maryland mining companies enabled them to build such service railroads from the mining region to larger transportation centers. (3) Later in the 1840 1 s the Maryland Mining Company built another branch of the railroad through the Narrows into the town of Cumberland. (4) Scharf noted that in 1950 the company was making regular shipments of coal from Eckhart Mines to Cumberland, probably to the C &0 Canal which was opened to traffic in that year. (5) The most interesting feature of the Eckhart Branch railroad is the masonry bridge across Wills Creek where it joined the Cumberland and Pennsylvania line. The bridge consists of four elliptical brick arches with gauged brick borders. Walls of the bridge are laid in english bond with pilasters at the piers. It rests on three stone piers and stone abutments. In 1852 both branches of the Maryland Mining Company's rail road were sold to the Cumberland Coal and Iron Company when the company went out of business. (6) It became part of the Cumberland and Penns.Y.lvania Railroad Company's system during the 1850 1 s or 1860 1 s when that company "absorbed" most of the local service railroads. (7) Later in the nineteenth century the bridge became the focal point of competition between the C and P and the George's Creek and Cumberland Railroad. The latter company eventually won the right to use the C and P's bridge in court. (8) The C an P Railroad was itself absorbed by the Western Maryland Railway in 1944, 99 years after the construction of the bridge. (9) Although it is the oldest standing railroad bridge in Allegany County and in poor condition, the brick bridge is still in use serving local industries. (cont.) CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY IJMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Stegmaier, Harry Jr. et al, Allegany County, A History Parsons WVa. McClain Pr ~g Co. Scharf, John T. History of Western Maryland, Philadephia: L. H. Everts Co. 1882 Lowdermilk, Will H. History of Cumberland Baltimore: Regional Publishing Co. 1971 Harvey, Katherine A. Best Dressed Miners: Life and Labor in the Mar land Coal Re ion coJ~imJ 9 J& 1~~~~f~r ltrYrr&k~E~Si&-t 969 IIiJGEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY------
VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION
LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES
STATE COUNTY
STATE COUNTY mFORM PREPARED BY NAME I TITLE David A. Dorsey, Historic Sites Coordinator
ORGANIZATION DATE Allegany County Historic Sites March 3, 1980 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE 3 Pershing Street 777-5944 CITY OR TOWN STATE Cumberland Maryl and 21502
The Maryland Historic Sites Inventory was officially created by an Act of the ~aryland Legislature, to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 Supplement.
The Survey and Inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringe ment of individual property rights.
RETURN TO: Maryland Historical Trust The Shaw House, 21 State Circle Annapolis, Maryland 21401 ( 301) 267-1438
PS- 1108 " . . f • r- (Significance cont.) i - r -., \;1 -· c) - ~~C\
Footnotes (1) John T. Scharf, History of Western Maryland (Philadelphia: L.H. Everts Co. ). p. 1446 (2) Harry I. Stegmaier, Jr. et al., Allegany County, A History (Parsons, H. Va.: McClain Printing Co.) p. 141-142 (3) Katherine A. Harvey, Best Dressed Miners: Life and Labor in the Mar land Coal Re ion, 1835-1910 (Ithaca: Corne University Press p. (4) Will H. Lowdennilk, History of Cumberland (Baltimore: Regional Publishing Co.) p.361 (5) Scharf. p. 1435 and Lowdermilk, P. 368 (6) Allegany County Land Records, Liber 8, Folio 717 (7) Harvey, Katherine p. 12 (8) Stegmaier, p. 205 (9) Harvey, Katherine pp. 369-370 INVENTORY NO:/) l - v ( E-/~2
REMODELING : Drastic, moderate, minor_ (-;8 '/0cj
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WALL CONSTRUCTION : ( !; FRAf.lE : Bevel, clapboard, weatherboard, wood shingles, board & batten (type?) ("1 BRICK : Bond type - common, English, Flemish . Sketch variants. ( ) S TO;-\E : Bond lype - rubble, ashlar (random or regular), quoins-plain, rusticated ( ) LOG ) OTHER : Coverings
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