ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution

Mosquitoes (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) of the pecies

S Keys, Florida, of America

of

ists 1* 2 1 3 L Lawrence J. Hribar , Andrea L. Leal , David J. DeMay and Adriane N. Tambasco

1 Mosquito Control District, 503 107th Street, Marathon, FL 33050, USA. 2 Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, 5224 College Road, , FL 33040, USA. 3 Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, 100701 , , FL 33037, USA. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Abstract: A list of the Culicidae collected in the Florida Keys is presented. Mosquito records were obtained from the

known from the Florida Keys. scientific literature and from collections made by mosquito control personnel. Forty-eight species or species groups are

Introduction deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, the The Florida Keys comprise an archipelago that Yale University Peabody Museum of Natural History, and surrounds the southern tip of the state of Florida (Figure the collection maintained by the Florida Keys Mosquito 1). Although the word “key” is used for many small islands Control District. Collections on Federal and State lands near the Florida coast, the Florida Keys proper are those were made after issuance of permits by the United States islands extending from in the northeast to Key Fish and Wildlife Service or the Florida Department of West in the southwest. There is a natural division in the Environmental Protection. island chain, the Upper Keys, those from Soldier Key to ; and the Lower Keys, those from Big Pine Results and Discussion Key to Key West. The division is due to the underlying rock: Forty-eight species or species groups of mosquitoes the Upper Keys are composed of and have been reported from the Florida Keys (Table 1). One the Lower Keys of oölitic limestone (Hoffmeister and Multer 1968). The Upper and Lower Keys differ in of mosquitoes from the Florida Keys is that there were terms of vegetation, rainfall, and permeability of bedrock numerousdifficulty in changes tracing inthe nomenclature development ofduring the faunal the early list (Stern and Brizicky 1957; Snyder et al. 1990; Corbett et Twentieth Century and there is often an abundance of al. 1999). The highest point in the Florida Keys is about synonyms to unravel. This review of the mosquito fauna of 5.5 meters above sea level; most of the islands lie below 2 the Florida Keys will present a historical treatment of the meters above sea level (Ross et al. 1992). development of knowledge of the mosquito fauna of the Mosquitoes (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) are perhaps Florida Keys. Generic and subgeneric abbreviations follow the most important haematophagous insects impacting Reinert (1975). human and animal health. They serve as vectors of numerous disease organisms, including bacteria, protozoa, and helminths. Mosquitoes also serve as food items for other animals.

Materials and Methods Mosquito records were located via review of relevant literature and from unpublished collection records of the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District. Collections of mosquitoes were made by Florida Keys Mosquito Control District staff from May 1998 to August 2010. Larvae and pupae were collected via use of dippers, pipettes, or aquarium nets. Adults were collected in various kinds of traps, such as CDC light traps, ABC light traps (unbaited or baited with carbon dioxide), BG Sentinel® traps, and Mosquito Magnet® District staff, except for a few that were sent to a taxonomist Figure 1. The southern portion of the Florida peninsula and the Florida traps. All specimens were identified by Keys. for identification or verification. Voucher specimens are Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011 458 Hribar et al. | Culicidae of the Florida Keys, USA

Table 1. The southern portion of the Florida peninsula and the Florida Keys.

TAXON LOCALITY ANOPHELINAE Annette Key, Bahia Honda Key, , Big Pine Key, , , Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, , , , Howe Key, Indian Key, Key Largo, Key West, , Little Pine Key, Little , Long Anopheles (Anopheles) atropos Dyar and Knab Key, , , , , , Pumpkin Keys, Raccoon Key, , , , Summerland

Windley Key Key, Sunrise Cay, “Torch Key”, , Vaca Key, Water Key, Water Keys, An. (Ano.) bradleyi King Key Largo, Lower Matecumbe Key An. (Ano.) crucians Wiedemann Big Pine Key, Indian Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Ramrod Key Annette Key, Bahia Honda Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae An. (Ano.) crucians complex (females) Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, , Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Rodriguez Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland

An. (Ano.) grabhamii Theobald Key,Big Pine Sunrise Key, Cay, Big UpperTorch Key, Matecumbe, Key West, Vaca Middle Key, Torch Water Key, Keys, No Windley Name Key, Key Sugarloaf Key An. (Ano.) quadrimaculatus complex Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Key Largo, Key West, Plantation Key, Sugarloaf Key An. (Ano.) walkeri Theobald Key Largo Big Pine Key, , Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe An. (Nyssorhynchus) albimanus Wiedemann

CULICINAE Key, No Name Key, Stock Island, Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key Aedini Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Cudjoe Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Lignumvitae Aedes (Ochlereotatus) atlanticus Dyar and Knab Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Long Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Stock Island, Annette Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, , Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Howe Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Ae. (Och.) condolescens Dyar and Knab Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Rodriguez Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key,

Key , Sunrise Cay, Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key, Water Keys, Windley Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Cudjoe Key, Cross Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key Ae. (Och.) infirmatus Dyar and Knab West, Little Knockemdown Key, Long Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Stock Island,

Ae. (Och.) mitchellae (Dyar) SugarloafBig Torch Key,Key Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key, Windley Key Ae. (Och.) scapularis (Rondani)

VacaAnnette Key Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Grassy Key, Horseshoe Key, Howe Key, Johnson Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Ae. (Och.) sollicitans (Walker) Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Long Point Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key,

SummerlandAnnette Key, BahiaKey, Vaca Honda Key, Key, Water Bamboo Key, Water Key, BigKeys Coppitt Key, Big Munson Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Boot Key, “Crawl Keys”, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, , , Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Horseshoe Key, Howe Key, Indian Key, Johnson Key, Key Largo, Key West, , Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Ae. (Och.) taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) Pine Key, , Long Key, Long Point Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key,

Key, Water Key, Water Keys, Windley Key Summerland Key, Toptree Hammmock Key, “Torch Key”, Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Ae. (Och.) thelcter Dyar Key Big Coppitt Key, Boca Chica Key, “Crawl Key No. 1”, Key Largo, Key West, Long Key, Vaca

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Table 1. Continued.

TAXON LOCALITY Annette Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Boot Key, “Crawl Keys”, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Ae. (Och.) tortilis (Theobald) Lignumvitae Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key,

UpperAnnette Matecumbe Key, Big Pine Key, Key, Vaca Big Key, Torch Water Key, Keys,Boca ChicaWindley Key, Key Boot Key, Cudjoe Key, Cross Key, Indian Key, Key Largo, Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Ae. (Protomacleaya) triseriatus (Say) Key, Plantation Key, Rodriguez Key, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Sunrise Cay, Upper Matecumbe Key, Water Keys, Windley Key Annette Key, Bahia Honda Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Crawl Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Duck Key, Fat Deer Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Little Pine Key, , Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Ae. (Stegomyia) aegypti Linnaeus Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Ramrod Key, Rodriguez Key, , Shelter Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Sunrise

Ae. (Stg.) albopictus (Skuse) Cay,Big Pine Upper Key, Matecumbe Key Largo, Key, West, Key, Stock Windley Island, Key Upper Matecumbe Key Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Cudjoe Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Psorophora (Psorophora) ciliata (F.) Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Raccoon Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Water Key, Water Keys Ps. (Pso.) howardii Coquillett Stock Island Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Ps. (Grabhamia) columbiae (Dyar and Knab) Key, Key Largo, Key West, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key Annette Key, Big Coppitt Key, Pig Pine Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Ps. (Gra.) pygmaea (Theobald) West, Middle Torch Key, Ramrod Key, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Key Largo. Little Ps.(Janthinosoma) ferox Pine Key, Middle Torch Key, Sugarloaf Key (Von Humboldt) Annette Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Ps. (Jan.) johnstonii (Grabham) Pine Key, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation

Windley Key Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Vaca Key, Water Keys, Culisetini Culiseta (Climacura) melanura (Coquillett) No Name Key Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boot Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Little Pine Key, Cs. (Culiseta) inornata (Williston) Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Water Keys Culicini Annette Key, Bahia Honda Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Elliott Key, Fat Deer Key, Geiger Key, Johnson Key, Key Largo, Key West, Knights Key, Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Long Culex (Culex) bahamensis Dyar and Knab Point Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Pumpkin Keys, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key,

UpperBig Coppitt Matecumbe Key, Big Key, Pine Vaca Key, Key, Big Water Torch Key, Key, Water Cross Keys, Key, Windley Cudjoe Key Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Key West, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Middle Torch Key, Cx. (Cux.) declarator Dyar and Knab No Name Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Sunrise Cay,

AnnetteUpper Matecumbe Key, Big Coppitt Key, Vaca Key, Key Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Boot Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Cx. (Cux.) nigripalpus Theobald Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Long Point Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key,

Summerland Key, Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key, Water Keys, Windley Key

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Table 1. Continued.

TAXON LOCALITY Annette Key, Big Coppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Boot Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Duck Key, Fat Deer Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Cx. (Cux.) quinquefasciatus Say Lignumvitae Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Ramrod Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key,

Cx. (Cux.) salinarius Coquillett Upper Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key, Windley Key BigAnnette Pine Key,Key, BigCudjoe Pine Key, Key, Geiger Big Torch Key, Key, Grassy Boca Key, Chica Key Key, Largo, “Crawl Vaca Keys”, Key, CudjoeStock Island Key, Elliott Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Key West, Lignumvitae Key, Little Knockemdown Cx. (Melanoconion) atratus Theobald Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Ramrod Key, Saddlebunch Keys, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland

Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Key Largo, Key West, Little Knockemdown Key, Stock Island, Cx. (Mel.) cedecei Stone and Hair Key, “Torch Key”, Vaca Key, Water Keys, Windley Key Sugarloaf Key Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Cudjoe Key, Cross Key, Geiger Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Cx. (Mel.) erraticus Dyar and Knab Key West, Long Key, No Name Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Upper Matecumbe Key Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Key West, Long Key, No Cx. (Mel.) iolambdis Dyar

Cx. (Mel.) mulrennani Basham NameBig Pine Key, Key, Plantation Cudjoe Key, Key, Key Stock Largo, Island, Long Upper Key, MatecumbeRamrod Key Key, Vaca Key, Windley Key Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Key West, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Cx. (Mel.) peccator Dyar and Knab Plantation Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland Key, Upper Matecumbe Key, Water Keys Big Pine Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Cx. (Mel.) pilosus Dyar and Knab

Key,Annette Stock Key, Island, Bahia “Torch Honda Key’, Key, Vaca Big KeyCoppitt Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Boca Chica Key, Boot Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Geiger Key, Key Largo, Lignumvitae Key, Little Deinocerites cancer Theobald Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Middle Torch Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Raccoon Key, Ramrod Key, Rodriguez Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Summerland

Mansoniini Key, Sunrise Cay, Vaca Key, Water Keys, Windley Key Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) perturbans (Walker) Annette Key, Key Largo, Little Knockemdown Key, Long Key Mansonia (Mansonia) dyari Belkin, Heinemann, and Page Big Pine Key, Grassy Key Ma. (Man.) titillans (Walker)

Sabethini Long Key, Vaca Key Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) mitchellii (Theobald) Big Pine Key, Cudjoe Key Wy. (Wyo.) vanduzeei Dyar and Knab Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Key Largo, Little Knockemdown Key, Ramrod Key Uranotaeniini Annette Key, Big Pine Key, Big Torch Key, Cross Key, Cudjoe Key, Grassy Key, Key Largo, Little Knockemdown Key, Little Pine Key, Long Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, Middle Torch Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) lowii Theobald Key, No Name Key, Plantation Key, Rodriguez Key, Stock Island, Sugarloaf Key, Sunrise

Ur. (Ura.) sapphirina (Osten Sacken) Cay,Stock Upper Island Matecumbe Key, Vaca Key, Windley Key

Early Twentieth Century as a synonym of Psorophora pygmaea (Theobald) (Dyar During the early years of the Twentieth Century, and Knab 1906). A year later, in 1904, Gardner (1904) the 1900s to the 1930s, very little work was done on reported the presence of Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann the mosquitoes of the Florida Keys. A few species were in Key West (as An. argyritarsis albipes Theobald, see reported but there was no sustained effort to record the Rozeboom and Gabaldón (1941) for discussion of synonymy). Dyar and Knab (1906) described Anopheles Florida Keys were in Coquillett’s description of Culex nanus atropos from the “Florida Keys”; they did not specify a fauna.(Coquillett The first 1903). published Coquillett records described of mosquitoes his new from species the locality. Johnson (1913), in his treatment of the Diptera based on 10 specimens, four collected in August 1901 in of Florida, listed eight mosquito species in the Florida Key West by August Busck, and six others collected 1 to 3 Keys, viz., Anopheles albimanus, An. atropos, Psorophora April 1903 by E.A. Schwarz. Culex nanus is now regarded ciliata (as Psorophora ciliatus [sic]), Psorophora pygmaea

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(as Janthinosoma pygmaea), Aedes aegypti (as Stegomyia from Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama, Colombia, calopus, see Dyar 1920), Aedes taeniorhynchus (as Aedes niger), Culex quinquefasciatus, and Culex bahamensis (as Ae. euplocamus by Pritchard et al. (1947) Culex corniger). The name “Psorophora ciliatus” is most wereand Venezuela, actually Ae and. scapularis that the specimens (Rondani). from Furthermore, Vaca Key likely a typographic error; nowhere else has this species Bickleymisidentified (1984) as reported that Ps. confinnis did not occur been given that epithet. Since its description by Fabricius, in the southeastern United States, and that the proper it has always been “ciliata”. identity of this Psorophora species was Ps. columbiae Dyar In 1915, Howard, Dyar, and Knab mentioned generally and Knab. that Deinocerites cancer and Wyeomyia mitchellii Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say had not been reported (Theobald) (as Wy. antoinetta Dyar and Knab) were found from the Florida Keys during any of the prior mosquito in “Southern Florida”; they also reported Cx. bahamensis surveys, although it had been collected from the near from Knights Key (as Cx. corniger) and Cx. quinquefasciatus adjacent mainland (Thurman 1948). In 1948, Basham and Say from Key West. In 1917, Howard, Dyar, and Knab Haeger (1948) reported the collection of small numbers included records of Ps. ciliata from Key West collected by of An. quadrimaculatus from Big Pine Key, Key Largo, and Busck in August of 1901; the above mentioned records Plantation Key. Reinert et al. (1997) eventually determined of Ps. pygmaea, Ae. taeniorhynchus from Knights Key and that the nominal species An. quadrimaculatus was a Key West (as Ae. niger); Ae. aegypti from Key West (as Ae. calopus), An. albimanus from Key West; An. atropos from not assign the records of Basham and Haeger to any of the “Florida Keys”. Dyar (1922) included earlier records of complex of five morphologically similar species. They did Coquillett (1903), Johnson (1913), and Howard et al. Pritchard et al. (1947) reported collecting an (1915; 1917), and reported a new record of Ae. sollicitans undescribedfive species described Culex species in their during paper. their survey of the from Ramrod Key. Two years later Moznette (1924) mosquitoes of the Florida Keys. Basham (1948) described reported the presence of Ae. taeniorhynchus on Bamboo a new species of Culex (Melanoconion), Cx. (Mel.) Key. Toward the end of the 1930s, previously reported mulrennani, from material collected on Big Pine, Cudjoe, records of mosquitoes from the Florida Keys were included and Ramrod Keys; this was the undescribed species in a review of the distribution of An. albimanus (King reported previously by Pritchard et al (1947). the southeastern United States (King et al. 1939). At the Post World War Two end1937) of theand decade, a handbook Fisk (1939) for identification reported An of. atropos mosquitoes and Cx of. The decades of the 1950s and 1960s saw very little bahamensis from the island of Key West. King and Bradley work on the mosquitoes of the Florida Keys. Branch et al. (1941) reviewed the distribution of Anopheles species in (1958) collected Mansonia titillans the United States, citing earlier records of An. albimanus Key, and An. albimanus from several islands. These authors and An. atropos in the Florida Keys. also reported Ae. (Aedemorphus) vexans (Walker) (Meigen) from Vaca and Ma. indubitans (Dyar and Shannon) from Monroe . Second World War The outbreak of the Second World War stimulated refer to the mainland portion of Monroe County. In their research on mosquitoes throughout the world. King et descriptionNo island was of Ma specified,. dyari, Belkin and these et al. records (1970) most stated likely that al. (1942) updated their handbook of mosquitoes of the all records of Ma. indubitans from Florida and elsewhere southeastern United States; in this revision they included in the southeastern United States were likely Ma. dyari. new records of Cx. bahamensis from Elliott Key. A number Moreover, Branch et al. (1958) reported Cx. opisthopus of new records were reported from the Florida Keys during from the mainland of Monroe County. Stone and Hair this period. Several species were described from material (1968) described Cx. cedecei from Florida and stated that collected in the Florida Keys, as well. Roth and Young all records of Cx. opisthopus in the United States correctly (1944) reported a new species record, Cx. atratus, from the were Cx. cedecei. In 1960, King et al. (1960) again updated Florida Keys. Wirth (1945) reported Ae. taeniorhynchus their manual of mosquitoes of the southeastern United from Key Largo. In this same paper he also reported Cx. States. (Melanoconion) elevator Dyar and Knab from Key Largo. Pratt and Seabrook (1952), however, determined that Late Twentieth Century and Twenty-First Century these specimens actually were Cx. (Mel.) iolambdis Dyar. Beginning in the late 1990s and continuing until the Staebler and Buren (1946) recorded a new national record, present, the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District has Ae. tortilis surveyed the Florida Keys and has reported numerous new the establishment of Ps. pygmaea in Florida. Buren (1947) distribution records within the island chain. Three species also described, from a newKey species,West. Buren Ae. keyensis (1946), fromalso confirmedKey West. new to the fauna of the United States were recognized Thurman and coauthors (1949) later synonymized Ae. based entirely or in part on specimens collected in the keyensis with Ae. thelcter Dyar, and reported records from Florida Keys. Other species that had not been collected for years were recorded once again from the Florida Keys. The publication of an annotated list of Florida Keys Hribar (1999) collected An. albimanus from Long Key mosquitoesLong Key, Key by Largo, Pritchard Key West,et al. and (1947) Vaca addedKey. many new records to the fauna of the Florida Keys. In total, 28 species Cx. peccator Dyar and Knab from Monroe County, on Big were recorded, including Ae. euplocamus Dyar and Knab andPine No Key. Name In that Key. same Hribar paper (2001) Ps. johnstoniimade the firstwas reportreported of and Ps. confinnis (Lynch Arribalzaga). Arnell (1976), however, stated that Ae. euplocamus was known only (2001) reported several mosquito species from state from Summerland Key for the first time. Hribar and Vlach Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011 462 Hribar et al. | Culicidae of the Florida Keys, USA parks in the Florida Keys, including records from Bahia Honda Key. Hribar et al. (2001) presented larval collection of mosquitoes from Lignumvitae Key. Of those, the most records from several islands in the area of Key West. abundantDeMay were and Ae Hribar. taeniorhynchus (2005) recorded, De. cancer fifteen, Ps. johnstonii species, Hribar (2002) analyzed collection records from a number and An. atropos. Hribar (2007) described the collection of of islands within the Florida Keys, and reported Culiseta Cs. inornata from No Name Key, Big Pine Key, and Grassy melanura Coquillett from No Name Key. Darsie et al. (2002) Key after strong winds from the north. DeMay and Hribar reported a new addition to the fauna of the United States, (2008) collected 28 species of mosquitoes from Key Largo, An. grabhamii Theobald, from Big Pine Key. Later, Hribar Cx. cedecei, Cx. peccator, Cx. (2005) reported An. grabhamii from No Name Key. Darsie salinarius, and Cs. inornata from this island. Later, DeMay Ae. condolescens includingand Hribar the (2009) first records provided of the only published records Dyar and Knab from Annette Key, Big Pine Key, and of mosquitoes on Boot Key; ten species were collected, Howe(2003) Key. reported Later the Hribar first collectionset al. (2005) of reported Ae. including Cs. inornata and Ae. triseriatus Say. Finally, Leal condolescens from 22 different islands within the Florida and Hribar (2010) reported the collection of 30 mosquito Keys. Darsie and Shroyer (2004) reported Cx. declarator species from wilderness islands within the National Key Dyar and Knab from Big Pine Key, Key Largo, and Long Deer Refuge and the Great White Heron National Wildlife Key. Refuge.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the numerous inspectors and Fisk, F.W. 1939. New mosquito records from Key West. Journal of technicians employed by the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District who Economic Entomology 32(3): 469. throughout the years have collected specimens. We also thank Kristen Gardner, C.H. 1904. Anopheles mosquitoes found at Key West, Florida. Public Health Reports 195(34): 1651. of the specimens reported herein. Hoffmeister, J.E. and H.G. Multer. 1968. Geology and origin of the Florida Bird for preparing the figure. Dr. R.F. Darsie, Jr. identified or verified some Keys. GSA Bulletin 9(11): 1487-1502. Literature Cited Howard. L.O., H.G. Dyar and F. Knab. 1915. The Mosquitoes of North and Arnell, J.H. 1976. Mosquito studies (Diptera, Culicidae). XXXIII. A revision Central America and the West Indies. Systematic Description, part I. of the scapularis group of Aedes (Ochlerotatus). Contributions of the Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 159(3): 1-523. American Entomological Institute 13(3): 1-144. Howard. L.O., H.G. Dyar and F. Knab. 1917. The Mosquitoes of North and Basham, E.H. 1948. Culex (Melanoconion) mulrennani, a new species from Central America and the West Indies. Systematic Description, part II. Florida. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 41(1): 1-7. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 159(4): 525-1064. Basham, E.H. and J.S. Haeger. 1948. Records of Anopheles quadrimaculatus Hribar, L.J. 1999. Continued presence of Anopheles albimanus (Diptera: Say for the Florida Keys. Mosquito News 8(1): 72. Culicidae) in Monroe County, Florida. Entomological News 110(5): Belkin, J.N., S.J. Heinemann and W.A. Page. 1970. The Culicidae of Jamaica 317-319. (Mosquito Studies, XXI). Contributions of the American Entomological Hribar, L.J. 2001. Uncommonly collected mosquitoes from the Florida Institute 6(1): 1-458. Keys. Entomological News 112(2): 123. Bickley, W.E. 1984. Notes on the Psorophora confinnis complex. Mosquito Hribar, L.J. 2002. Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) collections in the Florida Systematics 16(2): 162-167. Keys, Monroe County, Florida, USA. Studia Dipterologica 9(2): 679- Branch, N., L. Logan, E.C. Beck and J.A. Mulrennan. 1958. New 691. distributional records for Florida mosquitoes. Florida Entomologist Hribar, L.J. 2005. New locality record for Anopheles grabhamii (Diptera: 41(4): 155-163. Culicidae) from the Florida Keys. Florida Scientist 68(2): 8-10. Buren, W.F. 1946. Psorophora pygmaea (Theobald), an exotic mosquito Hribar, L.J. 2007. New and old mosquito records for extreme southern now established in Florida. Mosquito News 6(4): 185. Florida. Insecta Mundi 5: 1-3. Buren, W.F. 1947. A new Aedes from the Florida Keys. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 61(8): 228-229. midge (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collections in Florida Keys state Coquillett, D.W. 1903. Four new species of Culex. Canadian Entomologist Hribar,parks. L.J. Floridaand J.J. ScientistVlach. 2001. 64(3): Mosquito 219-223. (Diptera: Culicidae) and biting 35(9): 255-257. Corbett, D.R., J. Chanton, W. Burnett, K. Dillon, C. Rutkowski and J.W. container- breeding mosquitoes from the Florida Keys, Monroe Fourqurean. 1999. Patterns of groundwater discharge into Florida Hribar,County, L.J., Florida. J. M. Smith, Journal J.J. of the Vlach American and T.N. Mosquito Verna. Control 2001. Association Survey of Bay. Limnology and Oceanography 44(4): 1045-1055. 17(4): 245-248. Darsie, R.F., Jr. 2003. First report of Ochlerotatus condolescens (Dyar and Hribar, L.J., D.J. DeMay, M.J. Hemmen and A.L. Leal. 2005. Observations Knab) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the United States. Proceedings of the on the distribution and seasonality of Ochlerotatus condolescens Entomological Society of Washington 105(4): 1067-1068. (Dyar & Knab) in the Florida Keys, USA (Diptera: Culicidae). Studia Darsie, R.F., Jr. and C.D. Morris. 2000. Keys to the adult females and fourth Dipterologica 12(1): 361-362. instar larvae of the mosquitoes of Florida. Technical Bulletin of the Johnson, C.W. 1913. Insects of Florida. III. Diptera. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 32: 37-90. Darsie, R.F., Jr. and D.A. Shroyer. 2004. Culex (Culex) declarator, a mosquito Anopheles albimanus and its speciesFlorida Mosquito new to Florida. Control JournalAssociation of the Volume American 1 (revised). Mosquito 159 Control p. occurrence in the United States. Southern Medical Journal 30(9): Association 20(3): 224-227. King,943-946. W.V. 1937. On the distribution of

mosquito fauna of United States, Anopheles grabhamii (Diptera: of Anopheles. American Association for the Advancement of Science Darsie,Culicidae). R.F., Jr., Journal J.J. Vlach of Medical and E.M. Entomology Fussell. 2002. 39(3): New 430- addition 431. to the King,Publication W.V. and G.H.15: 71-78. Bradley. 1941. Distribution of the Nearctic species DeMay, D.J. and L.J. Hribar. 2005. Species composition, seasonal distribution, and relative abundance of mosquitoes (Diptera: southeastern states. USDA Miscellaneous Publication 36. 1-87. Culicidae) on Lignumvitae Key in the Florida Keys, USA. Trends in King, W.V., G.H. Bradley, and T. E. McNeel. 1939. The mosquitoes of the Entomology 4: 71-74. southeastern states, revised. USDA Miscellaneous Publication 336. DeMay, D.J. and L.J. Hribar. 2008. Mosquito fauna of Key Largo, Florida. King,1-95. W.V., G.H. Bradley, and T. E. McNeel. 1942. The mosquitoes of the Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 24(4): 471-477. A handbook DeMay, D.J. and L.J. Hribar. 2009. Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) collection of the mosquitoes of the southeastern United States. USDA Agriculture records from Boot Key, Florida. Florida Scientist 72(3): 240-241. King,Handbook W.V., G.H. 173.Bradley, 188 C.N.p. Smith, and W.C. McDuffie. 1960. Dyar, H.G. 1920. The earliest name of the yellow fever mosquito (Diptera, Leal, A.L. and L.J. Hribar. 2010. Mosquito fauna of wilderness islands Culicidae). Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 8(10-12): 204. within the National Refuge and the Great White Heron Dyar, H.G. 1922. The mosquitoes of the United States. Proceedings of the National Wildlife Refuge, Monroe County, Florida. Journal of the United States National Museum 62: 1-119. American Mosquito Control Association 26(2): 141-147. Dyar, H.G. and F. Knab. 1906. Notes on some American mosquitoes with Pratt, H.D. and E.L. Seabrook. 1952. The occurrence of Culex iolambdis descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Dyar in Florida and Puerto Rico, with a description of the larva. Washington 19(6): 159-172. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 54(1): 27-32.

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Pritchard, A.E., E.L. Seabrook and J.A. Mulrennan. 1947. The mosquitoes Staebler, A.E. and W.F. Buren. 1946. Aedes tortilis (Theobald), a mosquito of the Florida Keys. Florida Entomologist 30(1-2): 8-15. new to the United States. Entomological News 57(6): 157. Reinert, J.F. 1975. Mosquito generic and subgeneric abbreviations (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics 7(2): 105-110. Keys. Introduction. Tropical Woods 107: 36-65. Reinert, J.F., P.E. Kaiser and J.A. Seawright. 1997. Analysis of the Stone,Stern, W.L.A. and and J.A. G.K. Hair. Brizicky. 1968. A1957. new TheCulex woods (Melanoconion and flora )of form the Florida Anopheles (Anopheles) quadrimaculatus complex of sibling species (Diptera, Culicidae). Mosquito News 28(1): 39-41. (Diptera: Culicidae) using morphological, cytological, molecular, Thurman, D.C., Jr. 1948. A far south record of Anopheles quadrimaculatus genetic, biochemical, and ecological techniques in an ecological Say. Mosquito News 8(1): 19. approach. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association Thurman, E.B., J.S. Haeger and J.A Mulrennan. 1949. The occurrence of 13(Supplement): 1-102. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) thelcter Dyar in the Florida Keys. Mosquito News 9(4): 171-172. Florida Keys terrestrial habitats. Biotropica 24(4): 488-502. Wirth, W.W. 1945. The occurrence of Culex (Melanoconion) elevator Dyar Roth,Ross, M.S.,L.M. J.J.and O’Brien F.N. Young. and L.J. 1944. Flynn. Culex 1992. (Melanoconion Ecological site) atratus classification Theobald of and Knab in Florida, with keys to the Melanoconions of the United in Florida: a new North American continental record, with notes on States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 47(7): the other Melanoconions of the southeastern United States. Annals of 199-210. the Entomological Society of America 37(1): 84-88. Rozeboom, L.E. and A. Gabaldón. 1941. A summary of the “tarsimaculatus” complex of Anopheles (Diptera; Culicidae). American Journal of : September 2010 Hygiene 33(3): 88-100. : April 2011 Snyder, J.R., A. Herndon and W.B. Robertson, Jr. 1990. South Florida Received : June 2011 rockland; p. 230-277 In R.L. Myers and J.J. Ewel (ed.). Ecosystems of Last Revised : July 2011 Florida. University of Central Florida Press. Accepted : Cristiano Lopes-Andrade Published online Editorial responsibility

Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011 464 ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution

Mosquitoes (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) of the Florida pecies

S Keys, Florida, United States of America

of

ists 1* 2 1 3 L Lawrence J. Hribar , Andrea L. Leal , David J. DeMay and Adriane N. Tambasco

1 Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, 503 107th Street, Marathon, FL 33050, USA. 2 Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, 5224 College Road, Key West, FL 33040, USA. 3 Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, 100701 Overseas Highway, Key Largo, FL 33037, USA. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

ERRATUM

Page 459: Heading of Table 1 should be: Culicidae We regret these errors. known to occur in the Florida Keys.

Page 459: Within Table 1, Aedes (Ochlereotatus) atlanticus, subgenus should be “Ochlerotatus”. August 2011.

Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011