Echi Classici Nell'opera Di Seamus Heaney

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Echi Classici Nell'opera Di Seamus Heaney UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PARMA Dottorato di ricerca in Filologia Greca e Latina (e fortuna dei classici) Ciclo XXVIII L’Orfeo d’Irlanda: echi classici nell’opera di Seamus Heaney Coordinatore: Chiar.mo Prof. Giuseppe Gilberto Biondi Tutor: Chiar.ma Prof. ssa Mariella Bonvicini Dottoranda: Lidia Sessi Indice Introduzione p. 2 Capitolo I: La tradizione classica in Irlanda p. 7 Capitolo II: In difesa della poesia p. 56 Capitolo III: L'Orestea d'Irlanda p. 97 Capitolo IV: Il rito della sepoltura tra Grecia classica e Irlanda moderna p. 146 Capitolo V: Vergilius redivivus p. 190 Appendice p. 253 1 Introduzione In considerazione del notevole numero di studi sull'opera di Heaney, pare opportuno che ogni nuovo lavoro dichiari la propria raison d'être. In altre parole, sembra necessario precisare quale contributo si presuma di offrire alla comprensione del percorso poetico di Heaney, anche in rapporto alle monografie e ai saggi esistenti. È il poeta stesso a indicare la chiave di lettura che meglio consente di cogliere il senso profondo della sua ricerca estetica ed etica. Nel componimento “Out of the Bag” il narratore richiama l'attenzione su “the cure / By poetry that cannot be coerced”1. Riassumendo in questo verso le qualità fondamentali dell'arte poetica, Heaney mette in luce i tratti distintivi della sua produzione, sempre alla ricerca, fin dalle prime prestazioni, di una mediazione fra le pressioni socio-politiche del mondo esterno e la volontà di mantenere intatto il potere terapeutico del medium poetico. Lo scopo di questa ricerca è quello di affrontare la lettura, o rilettura, delle poesie di Heaney, come egli stesso suggerisce in “Squarings XXXVII”: “Talking about it isn't good enough / But quoting from it at least demonstrates / The virtue of an art that knows its mind”2. Cercherò dunque di citare il più possibile le sue parole, evitando di sovrastare la sua voce con la mia. Molti sono i componimenti che illustrano le qualità intrinseche della poesia, “the virtue of an art”, e incoraggiano il lettore ad acquisire consapevolezza del confine sottile che separa la realtà tangibile da quella immaginata. Superare quel limite, afferma il poeta, è possibile e auspicabile perchè al di là “There was fleetness, furtherance, untiredness / In time that was extra, unforeseen and free”3. Ogni singola poesia fa i conti con molteplici esigenze, dalle responsabilità personali a quelle sociali ed estetiche, in equilibrio fra dimensione terrena e trascendente. Con il progresssivo allentarsi delle tensioni politiche in nord Irlanda, anche in ragione del processo di pace avviato nel 1 S.Heaney, “Out of the Bag”, Electric Light, Faber & Faber 2001, p. 7. 2 S.Heaney, “Squarings XXXVII”, Seeing Things, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York 2001, p. 97. 3 S.Heaney, “Markings”, Seeing Things, op. cit., p. 10. 2 1998, la riflessione si sofferma su temi meno contingenti, più universali, sul mistero dellla vita e della morte, su quella “stability of truth”4 nella quale il poeta non ha mai cessato di avere fiducia. Al fine di dimostrare come senso di responsabilità personale e totale dedizione all'arte ispirano il poeta fin dagli esordi dell'“homunculus Incertus”5, questa ricerca pone l'attenzione su componimenti giovanili, per lo più ignorati dalla critica ma fondamentali come “stepping stones” nella sua evoluzione artistica. Alcuni dei testi esaminati, “Poor Man's Death”, “Birdwatcher”, “Reaping in Heat”, “Pastoral”, composti negli anni dal 1959 al 1966, durante e subito dopo il periodo universitario a Belfast, sebbene “scartati” dall'autore, contengono in filigrana le premesse linguistiche e tematiche delle opere mature e dell'intera poetica di Heaney. La suddivisione in cinque capitoli risponde all'esigenza di collocare ogni singola opera presa in esame all'interno del percorso artistico di Heaney senza trascurare da un lato il panorama della cultura irlandese e dall'altro proponendo un'attenta analisi della complessa trama di sonorità e scelte lessicali che è elemento fondamentale della sua cifra stilistica. Il primo capitolo propone un'indagine dell'impatto che l'antichità greco-romana ha avuto in Irlanda a partire dal V secolo, epoca in cui i monaci cristiani, impegnati nella diffusione di un nuovo umanesimo, contribuivano all'alfabetizzazione delle popolazioni locali e rivoluzionavano il sistema dell'istruzione. Un excursus sulle influenze classiche nell'isola rivela la straordinaria permeabilità della cultura gaelica e la facilità con la quale la tradizione dei greci e dei latini venne assorbita per poi unirsi alle convenzioni poetiche consolidate. Dal “filí” dell'Irlanda gaelica fino a Heaney, passando attraverso l'esperienza di Yeats, i maestri classici rappresentano non soltanto un modello di eleganza estetica, ma si integrano con il patrimonio mitologico pre-esistente. Infine, si cercherà di illustrare la posizione di Heaney anche in relazione all'esigenza, tutta irlandese, di definire i 4 S.Heaney, Crediting Poetry, Discorso tenuto alla Reale Accademia di Stoccolma in occasione del conferimento del premio Nobel, disponibile sul sito http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1995/heaney- lecture.html (ultimo accesso: 05/10/2015). 5 S.Heaney in D.O'Driscoll, Stepping Stones. Interview with Seamus Heaney, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York 2008, p. 79. 3 connotati di un'identità nazionale. Riconoscendo agli artisti greco-romani un'energia intrinseca inesauribile, il poeta di Derry guarda alle loro opere come a “sacred objects” in grado di consentire un atteggiamento distaccato e critico verso l'attualità. L'interazione dialettica con i maestri implica necessariamente una riflessione sul rapporto fra arte e vita e sulla funzione della poesia in un mondo, quello moderno, funestato da devastanti conflitti. Nel secondo capitolo si affronta il tema della funzione della poesia, mettendo in luce la ricerca, da parte del poeta, di una coincidentia oppositorum tra complessità della realtà storica ed esigenze estetiche. Come “middle ground”6, terreno di un possibile equilibrio tra opposti, si propone una selezione di poesie tratte dalla silloge dal titolo emblematico The Spirit Level, insieme con i saggi contenuti in The Government of the Tongue e The Redress of Poetry. Anche per le raccolte in prosa si è resa necessaria una scelta al fine di illustrare il complesso rapporto fra società civile e arte. Se in The Government of the Tongue (1988) e The Redress of Poetry (1995) Heaney confuta la teoria platonica dell'insignificanza del medium poetico, sono i componimenti poetici a definire l'identità della poesia come “field of force”, lo spazio fluido dove arte e realtà contingente si confrontano. “Weighing In”, “Poet's Chair” e “Damson” esemplificano la teleologia del poeta anche attraverso immagini ricche di echi della tradizione greco-romana. Ancora in riferimento alle influenze classiche, il terzo capitolo illustra il “mythic method”7 di Heaney e analizza l'importanza della cultura gaelica nella composizione del poemetto “Mycenae Lookout” che occupa non casualmente la posizione centrale in una silloge, The Spirit Level, tutta dedicata alla ricerca di sintesi tra forze antitetiche. L'Orestea di Sofocle cui la sequenza è ispirata, rappresenta la “safety net” che consente al poeta uno sguardo distaccato e obiettivo sulla realtà contemporanea. Affidandosi al passato per comprendere il presente, Heaney mette in risalto le affinità fra epoche remote, il V secolo a.C. e il XX secolo, e luoghi distanti, la Grecia classica e l'Irlanda contemporanea. Le voci dell'antichità si mescolano a frammenti dell'attualità che il poeta 6 S.Heaney, “The Swing”, The Spirit Level, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York 1996, p. 58. 7 S.Heaney, The Government of the Tongue, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York 1988, p. 116. 4 cerca di decodificare evitando di lasciarsi sopraffare dal pessimismo. In funzione, anche in questo caso, del ripristino di un equilibrio compromesso, Heaney conclude la sua riscrittura dell'Orestea descrivendo una rigenerazione che si compie attraverso l'acqua, simbolo ancestrale del mistero della vita. Le sorgenti sacre ad Orfeo si identificano qui con i pozzi miracolosi sacri alle divinità celtiche, sede di riti terapeutici, e con il pozzo della fattoria di famiglia, rivisto come luogo d'incontro tra buio e luce, mondo mortale e aldilà. Tali dualismi vengono affrontati nel quarto capitolo con la disamina di componimenti di tono elegiaco. Si è scelto di concentrare l'attenzione su testi poco noti, mai pubblicati nelle raccolte, dunque di fatto “scartati”. In realtà si ritiene che queste opere, composte da un giovanissimo Heaney, forse insicuro della propria cifra stilistica, rappresentino tappe significative, mai scontate nel suo percorso artistico e umano. “Poor Man's Death” (1963) e “Birdwatcher” (1968) non sono banali effusioni elegiache. L'aspetto più caratteristico è, in fondo, la centralità della memoria, del ricordo persistente dei defunti all'interno della comunità che li aveva accolti. È proprio in ragione dell'importanza della memoria collettiva che la letteratura irlandese mostra un'imponente mole di poesia elegiaca. Da una parte l'irlandese è costretto da circostanze storiche e politiche a fare spesso riferimento al passato, a interrogarlo e sondarlo per ritrovarvi il senso del proprio essere popolo. Dall'altra egli cerca di individuare, o costruire, una continuità con l'antica tradizione gaelica, spesso filtrata attraverso traduzioni in inglese. È in The Burial at Thebes che il “backward look” del poeta si volge al passato, classico e gaelico, non per contemplarlo, bensì per indagarlo a fondo e creare una diversa, più solida visione di sé. Se il “poor man” di “Poor Man's Death” e l'anonimo amante della natura di “Birdwatcher” sopravvivono nel ricordo della comunità, la morte può essere accettata, il presente acquista significato, il futuro, per quanto incerto, non suscita terrore. Con i due componimenti e più ancora con il dramma The Burial at Thebes, Heaney mostra un'equilibrata sintesi tra individualità, legata all'espressione emotiva del dolore e coralità liturgica.
Recommended publications
  • Reference Resources in Irish Literature by JAMES BRACKEN
    Choice, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2001, pp.229-242. ISSN: 1523-8253 http://www.ala.org/ http://www.cro2.org/default.aspx Copyright © 2001American Library Association. BIBLIOGRAPHIC ESSAY Reference Resources in Irish Literature BY JAMES BRACKEN James Bracken is acting assistant director for Main Library Research and Reference Services at Ohio State University. The recent publication of Nobel laureate Seamus Heaney's Beowulf: A New Verse Translation suggests some of the difficulties in attempting to distinguish an Irish identity in English literature. This Beowulf can be interpreted as a clever trick of literary appropriation: if, as it has been said, the great works of Irish literature have been written in English, in Heaney's Beowulf one of England's literary treasures is made Irish. Just what constitutes Irish literature often seems to be as much a matter of semantics as national identity. In the Oxford Companion to Irish Literature, editor Robert Welch argues that Field Day Anthology of Irish Writing, edited by Seamus Deane, the standard by which all subsequent anthologies of Irish literature must be measured, confronts "the discontinuities in Irish literary culture." Some collections have taken Deane's example to the extreme: for instance, The Ireland Anthology, edited by Sean Dunne, includes on its "literary map of Ireland" Edmund Spenser, William Thackeray, Katherine Mansfield, and John Betjeman, Chevalier de la Tocnaye, Alexis de Tocqueville, Friedrich En- gels, and Pope John Paul II. In The Oxford Book of Ireland editor Patricia Craig takes "the opposite extreme ... of the formidable Field Day Anthology"; she observes that her volume could "do no more than skim the surface of Ireland." Neither approach has adequately delineated a single Irish identity.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Post-Classical Works of Art, Literature, and Music Based on Myths of the Greeks and Romans
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 112 438 CS 202 298 AUTHOR Smith, Ron TITLE A Guide to Post-Classical Works of Art, Literature, and Music Based on Myths of the Greeks and Romans. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 40p.; Prepared at Utah State University; Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original document !DRS PRICE MF-$0.76 Plus Postage. HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Art; *Bibliographies; Greek Literature; Higher Education; Latin Literature; *Literature; Literature Guides; *Music; *Mythology ABSTRACT The approximately 650 works listed in this guide have as their focus the myths cf the Greeks and Romans. Titles were chosen as being (1)interesting treatments of the subject matter, (2) representative of a variety of types, styles, and time periods, and (3) available in some way. Entries are listed in one of four categories - -art, literature, music, and bibliography of secondary sources--and an introduction to the guide provides information on the use and organization of the guide.(JM) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied
    [Show full text]
  • HEANEY, SEAMUS, 1939-2013. Seamus Heaney Papers, 1951-2004
    HEANEY, SEAMUS, 1939-2013. Seamus Heaney papers, 1951-2004 Emory University Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library Atlanta, GA 30322 404-727-6887 [email protected] Collection Stored Off-Site All or portions of this collection are housed off-site. Materials can still be requested but researchers should expect a delay of up to two business days for retrieval. Descriptive Summary Creator: Heaney, Seamus, 1939-2013. Title: Seamus Heaney papers, 1951-2004 Call Number: Manuscript Collection No. 960 Extent: 49.5 linear feet (100 boxes), 3 oversized papers boxes (OP), and AV Masters: 1 linear foot (2 boxes) Abstract: Personal papers of Irish poet Seamus Heaney consisting mostly of correspondence, as well as some literary manuscripts, printed material, subject files, photographs, audiovisual material, and personal papers from 1951-2004. Language: Materials entirely in English. Administrative Information Restrictions on access Collection stored off-site. Researchers must contact the Rose Library in advance to access this collection. Special restrictions apply: Use copies have not been made for audiovisual material in this collection. Researchers must contact the Rose Library at least two weeks in advance for access to these items. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the Rose Library's ability to provide access to audiovisual material. Terms Governing Use and Reproduction All requests subject to limitations noted in departmental policies on reproduction. Emory Libraries provides copies of its finding aids for use only in research and private study. Copies supplied may not be copied for others or otherwise distributed without prior consent of the holding repository.
    [Show full text]
  • European Influences in the Fine Arts: Melbourne 1940-1960
    INTERSECTING CULTURES European Influences in the Fine Arts: Melbourne 1940-1960 Sheridan Palmer Bull Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree ofDoctor ofPhilosophy December 2004 School of Art History, Cinema, Classics and Archaeology and The Australian Centre The University ofMelbourne Produced on acid-free paper. Abstract The development of modern European scholarship and art, more marked.in Austria and Germany, had produced by the early part of the twentieth century challenging innovations in art and the principles of art historical scholarship. Art history, in its quest to explicate the connections between art and mind, time and place, became a discipline that combined or connected various fields of enquiry to other historical moments. Hitler's accession to power in 1933 resulted in a major diaspora of Europeans, mostly German Jews, and one of the most critical dispersions of intellectuals ever recorded. Their relocation to many western countries, including Australia, resulted in major intellectual and cultural developments within those societies. By investigating selected case studies, this research illuminates the important contributions made by these individuals to the academic and cultural studies in Melbourne. Dr Ursula Hoff, a German art scholar, exiled from Hamburg, arrived in Melbourne via London in December 1939. After a brief period as a secretary at the Women's College at the University of Melbourne, she became the first qualified art historian to work within an Australian state gallery as well as one of the foundation lecturers at the School of Fine Arts at the University of Melbourne. While her legacy at the National Gallery of Victoria rests mostly on an internationally recognised Department of Prints and Drawings, her concern and dedication extended to the Gallery as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Byzantium and France: the Twelfth Century Renaissance and the Birth of the Medieval Romance
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-1992 Byzantium and France: the Twelfth Century Renaissance and the Birth of the Medieval Romance Leon Stratikis University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Modern Languages Commons Recommended Citation Stratikis, Leon, "Byzantium and France: the Twelfth Century Renaissance and the Birth of the Medieval Romance. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 1992. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/2521 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Leon Stratikis entitled "Byzantium and France: the Twelfth Century Renaissance and the Birth of the Medieval Romance." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Modern Foreign Languages. Paul Barrette, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: James E. Shelton, Patrick Brady, Bryant Creel, Thomas Heffernan Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation by Leon Stratikis entitled Byzantium and France: the Twelfth Century Renaissance and the Birth of the Medieval Romance.
    [Show full text]
  • "The Given Note": Traditional Music and Modern Irish Poetry
    Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title "The Given Note": traditional music and modern Irish poetry Author(s) Crosson, Seán Publication Date 2008 Publication Crosson, Seán. (2008). "The Given Note": Traditional Music Information and Modern Irish Poetry, by Seán Crosson. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Publisher Cambridge Scholars Publishing Link to publisher's http://www.cambridgescholars.com/the-given-note-25 version Item record http://hdl.handle.net/10379/6060 Downloaded 2021-09-26T13:34:31Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. "The Given Note" "The Given Note": Traditional Music and Modern Irish Poetry By Seán Crosson Cambridge Scholars Publishing "The Given Note": Traditional Music and Modern Irish Poetry, by Seán Crosson This book first published 2008 by Cambridge Scholars Publishing 15 Angerton Gardens, Newcastle, NE5 2JA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2008 by Seán Crosson All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-84718-569-X, ISBN (13): 9781847185693 Do m’Athair agus mo Mháthair TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-18014-7 — Seamus Heaney in Context Edited by Geraldine Higgins Index More Information
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-18014-7 — Seamus Heaney in Context Edited by Geraldine Higgins Index More Information Index Abbey Theatre, , Balkans, Adams, Gerry, Bantock, G. H., Aeschylus, Barańczak, Stanislaw, , , Agamemnon, Batten, Guinn, – afterlife, , , , , , BBC Northern Ireland, , aisling (dream-vision poem), , , , – Heaney archive, , Allen, Donald, New American Poetry –, BBC Schools Service, Explorations, , , Allen, Michael, Beckett, Samuel, , alliteration, , , , Beecroft, Alexander, Alvarez generation, Belfast, , , , , Alvarez, Al, , –, Belfast Group, , , –, , gentility principle, Bell, Sam Hanna, New Poetry, The, –, Benjamin, Walter, ‘Critique of Violence’, – ‘Beyond the Gentility Principle’, Berkeley, University of California, –, Amis, Kingsley, –, –, Amnesty International, , , Bancroft Library archive, , Republic of Conscience Award, Bishop, Elizabeth, , , , , , Anahorish School, Blake, William, , Anglo-Irish Revival, Blandiana, Ana, Aristotle, Poetics, Bloody Friday, Armitage, Simon, Bloody Sunday, , Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, – Bloom, Harold, , Armstrong, Sean, Modern Critical Views: Seamus Heaney, Arnold, Matthew, , , , , Bly, Robert, –, ‘Dover Beach’, Silence in the Snowy Fields, Attic Press, ‘Teeth-Mother Naked at Last, The’, Auden, W. H., , , , , , , Bockhampton, , ‘In Memory of W. B. Yeats’, , , bog bodies, , , , , , , ‘Shield of Achilles, The’, bog poems, , , , , , , , , ‘Spain ’, –, , – auditory imagination, , –, –, –, bogland, – , Bogside, battle of,
    [Show full text]
  • AP Art History Chapter 21Questions: the Renaissance in Quattrocento Italy
    AP Art History Chapter 21Questions: The Renaissance in Quattrocento Italy 1. _______ became a great patron of art and spent the equivalent of _____ dollars to establish the first public library since the ancient world. His grandson, _____ called the _______ spent lavishly on _______, ______, and sculptures. (559) 2. Of all the Florentine masters the Medici family employed, the most famous today is ______ ________. (559) 3. Botticelli painted _______ for Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de’ Medici. What is the narrative of this painting?(559) 4. What was humanism? What is meant by the “Renaissance man”? List at least three qualities of the Italian humanists.(560) 5. In 1401, there was a competition to make bronze doors for the Baptistery of San Giovanni. What was the subject matter for the panel and why was this chosen? Who were the two finalists? Who won and why? (560‐ 562) 6. In the Four Crowned Saints, how did the artist liberate the statuary from its architectural setting? (563) 7. Who is the artist of Saint Mark (figure 21‐5)? List at least three ways that he gives movement and frees it from its architectural setting. (564) 8. In Donatello’s, Saint George and the Dragon, how did he create atmospheric effect? 9. In Donatello’s, Feast of Herod, how does he create rationalized perspective space? 10. Read the grey insert on page 567. What is the definition of linear and atmospheric perspective? (565) 11. Why the east doors of the Baptistery of San Giovanni were called the “Gates of Paradise?” (566) 12. On the panels, the figures stand according to a ________‐_________ perspective and the figures almost appear fully in the _______.
    [Show full text]
  • Lot 1 the United Irishmen and Their Times by Robert R. Madden. 7 Individual Volumes from Different Editions 1843 On
    Purcell Auctioneers - Auction Of A Collection Of Irish Historical Interest Books To Include Books From Eyrefield Lodge Stud (Co Kildare) And The John Nagle GAA Book Collection - Starts 17 Feb 2021 Lot 1 The United Irishmen and their Times by Robert R. Madden. 7 individual volumes from different editions 1843 on. Some plates, one attractive leather binding. Sold as a lot Estimate: 30 - 60 Fees: 20% inc VAT for absentee bids, telephone bids and bidding in person 23.69% inc VAT for Live Bidding and Autobids Lot 2 A Nest of Simple Folk, 1937; and A Purse of Coppers. 1937 by Sean O’Faolain, first editions and others similar including Guests of the Nation by Frank O’Connor, 1937 first edition. 15 books Estimate: 40 - 80 Fees: 20% inc VAT for absentee bids, telephone bids and bidding in person 23.69% inc VAT for Live Bidding and Autobids Lot 3 Music – musicians. 26 books on individual musicians, including Strauss, Bruckner, Bartock, Vaughan Williams, Montiverdi, Mozart, Beethoven, Handel, Hayden, Bach, Schubert, Brahms, Dvorak, Elgar, Chopin, Palestrina, and Wagner, and a few more modern autobiographies. 1940s to 1960s, all cloth bound, almost all in dust jackets. A good collection Estimate: 40 - 80 Fees: 20% inc VAT for absentee bids, telephone bids and bidding in person 23.69% inc VAT for Live Bidding and Autobids Lot 4 Music – History. 14 books on the history of classical music and musical instruments (organ & piano), 1940s to 1960s. All cloth bound, all but 3 in dust jackets. Useful collection Estimate: 30 - 60 Fees: 20% inc VAT for absentee bids, telephone bids and bidding in person 23.69% inc VAT for Live Bidding and Autobids Lot 5 Music – musicians.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2, Issue 1, Bealtaine 2003
    TRISKELE A newsletter of UWM’s Center for Celtic Studies Volume 2, Issue 1 Bealtaine, 2003 Fáilte! Croeso! Mannbet! Kroesan! Welcome! Tá an teanga beo i Milwaukee! The language lives in Milwaukee! UWM has the distinction of being one of a small handful of colleges in North America offering a full program on the Irish language (Gaelic). The tradition began some thirty years ago with the innovative work of the late Professor Janet Dunleavy and her husband Gareth. Today we offer four semesters in conversational Gaelic along with complementary courses in literature and culture and a very popular Study Abroad program in the Donegal Gaeltacht. The study and appreciation of this richest and oldest of European vernacular languages has become one of the strengths and cornerstones of our Celtic Studies program. The Milwaukee community also has a long history of activism in support of Irish language preservation. Jeremiah Curtin, noted linguist and diplomat and the first Milwaukeean to attend Harvard, made it his business to learn Irish among the Irish Gaelic community of Boston. As an ethnographer working for the Smithsonian Institute, he was one of the first collectors of Irish folklore to use the spoken tongue of the people rather than the Hiberno-English used by the likes of William Butler Yeats and Lady Gregory. Jeremiah Quinn, who left Ireland as a young man, capped a lifelong local commitment to Irish language and culture when in 1906, at the Pabst Theatre, he introduced Dr. Douglas Hyde to a capacity crowd, including the Governor, Archbishop, and other dignitaries. Hyde, one of the founders of the Gaelic League that was organized to halt the decline of the language, went on to become the first president of Ireland in 1937.
    [Show full text]
  • Idealization of the Power of Hispanic Elites Through the Representation of Hercules Mosaics
    Graeco-Latina Brunensia 26 / 2021 / 1 https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2021-1-9 Idealization of the power of Hispanic elites through the representation of Hercules mosaics Diego Piay Augusto – Patricia Argüelles Álvarez (University of Oviedo; University of Salamanca) Abstract Hercules has been, without a doubt, one of the most revered mythological figures in the Gre- / ARTICLES ČLÁNKY co-Roman world since the emergence of accounts of his exploits. Courage, bravery, and phys- ical strength were some of the virtues associated with the hero, a reason which explains the adoption of his attributes in the official representations of emperors of the High Imperial era, such as Commodus, and the Low Imperial era, such as Maximian. The appeal radiated by the figure of Hercules also reached many Roman aristocrats, who held important public positions and spent their leisure time in retreat at their luxurious villae and domus. Evidence of this can be seen in the dissemination throughout the empire of mosaics with mythological represen- tations of the hero. In this work, we will review the mosaic representations of Hercules documented to date in the villae and domus spaces across the empire, to later focus on the Hispania case. Keywords Hercules; Roman villae; domus; mythification; Late Antiquity; Hispania 135 Diego Piay Augusto – Patricia Argüelles Álvarez Idealization of the power of Hispanic elites through the representation of Hercules mosaics Introduction: Hercules and the mythology Classic mythology has always played a leading role not only in ancient studies but also in later chronologies, even being present nowadays. The main object of this study is the famous Hercules.
    [Show full text]
  • Sweeney Astray and the Notebook Draft Seamus Hean
    The Politics of Metaphor in Heaney’s Sweeney Astray I. Heaney’s Sweeney: Sweeney Astray and the notebook draft Seamus Heaney began translating the Middle Irish romance Buile Suibhne after moving south to Wicklow to work on his poetry full-time, in the summer of 1972.1 Forty or so pages into the notebook in which the project was first drafted, along the top of a page of miscellaneous notes, Heaney wrote in sprawling, green-ink capitals: LEFT ULSTER MYSELF / ALLEGORY. 2 These words lend credence to the commonly-held view, partly promulgated by Heaney himself, that the story’s protagonist – Suibhne, a king of Ulster driven mad during battle and transformed into a bird, who travels throughout Ireland reciting verses about his plight – first appealed to Heaney as an alter ego of sorts. Which elements of Suibhne’s case most struck a chord, however, is debatable. Sweeney’s defiant reappearance in the ‘Sweeney Redivivus’ section of Station Island the year after Heaney’s ‘version from the Irish’, Sweeney Astray, was published in 1983, suggests that the figure appealed to Heaney as a symbol of release from social and political obligations. Heaney’s claim in an interview of 2002 that Sweeney Astray came about because he ‘wanted an excuse to write about rain, wet, woods and trees’ points, further, to a desire to frame his translation of Buile Suibhne as not only the story of a figure freed from political ties, but itself a retreat from politics.3 Much in Heaney’s early draft, however, and his running commentary on it, suggests an urge to contribute to wider political debate, and consider the political implications of writing poetry.
    [Show full text]