Portfolio 2016 Global Programme Water 2 Table of Contents

About the Global Programme Water 4 Objective 1: Water Security in the Global Agenda 6 1.1 Strategic Networks 1.1.1 Initiative for a UN Intergovernmental Body on Water ...... 7 1.1.2 Contribution to UN-Water ...... 10 1.1.3 Global Expanded Monitoring Initiative (GEMI), Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) ...... 11 Objective 2: Water Governance 12 2.1 Strategic Networks 2.1.1 Global Water Partnership (GWP) ...... 13 2.1.2 Women for Water Partnership (WfWP) ...... 14 2.1.3 International Secretariat for Water (ISW) - Solidarity Water Europe (SWE) ...... 15 2.2 Water Diplomacy Cluster 2.2.1 Blue Peace Global ...... 16 2.2.2 Blue Peace in the Middle East ...... 18 2.2.3 Water Diplomacy & Governance in Key Transboundary Hot Spots ...... 21 2.2.4 Establishment of a Global Hydrometry Support Facility and Innovation Hub ...... 25 2.3 Water Economics Cluster 2.3.1 SuizAgua Colombia ...... 26 2.3.2 SuizAgua Andina ...... 27 2.3.3 Vietnam to produce more coffee with less water ...... 28 2.3.4 Scaling Up Payments and Investments in Watershed Services ...... 29 2.3.5 2030 Water Resources Group ...... 30 2.3.6 Resource Recovery and safe Reuse (RR&R) ...... 31 Objective 3: Equitable Access 34 3.1 Strategic Networks 3.1.1 Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) ...... 35 3.1.2 World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) ...... 36 3.2 Water Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) Cluster 3.2.1 Research for action ...... 37 3.2.2 Water, sanitation & irrigation services in Africa and Asia ...... 39 3.2.3 Hand washing in Africa ...... 40 3.2.4 Contribution to WaterLex ...... 41 3.2.5 Information management system on geogenic contaminants ...... 42 3.2.6 Swiss Bluetec Bridge: Swiss start-ups benefit disadvantaged populations ...... 43 3.2.7 Scaling up safe water ...... 44 3.3 Water for Family Agriculture Cluster 3.3.1 Scaling up productive water (small irrigation) ...... 45 3.3.2 Strengthening Agricultural Water Efficiency and Productivity ...... 46 Objective 4: Swiss Voice 48 4.1 Swiss Voice 4.1.1 Solidarit’eau suisse ...... 49 4.1.2 The Swiss Water Partnership ...... 50

3 About the Global Programme Water

Commitment A water-secure world as defined by “the capacity of a population to safeguard sustainable access to adequate quantities of and acceptable quality water for sustaining livelihoods, human well-being, and socio-economic development, for ensuring protection against water-borne pollution and water-related disasters, and for preserving ecosystems in a climate of peace and political stability” (UN-Water).

Water is at the core of sustainable development and the looming water crisis is of global concern. The endeavours of the Global Programme Water meet key global challenges related to the management of water resources, including access to drinking water and the productive use of water in agriculture, industry and households. By focusing on inequity and poverty, they contribute to the reduction of global risks and the realization of a water-secure world.

form on IWRM for Central Asia countries is set up. • Transboundary water management: Instituti- onal frameworks and capacities for transboundary cooperation are strengthened in 14 basins (Andes, Mesoamerica, Mekong and Africa), the Water and Land Resource Centres in Ethiopia and Kenya develop knowledge products and conflict resolution mechanisms, and at least one transboundary aquifer commission gets in place. • Data and information management: The Glo- bal Hydromet Support Facility has developed its core business and the innovative Monitoring and Modelling services centres are performing in Tan- zania and Central Asia. • Water economics: The knowledge on Water Footprint application expands in Latin America and advocacy on Payment and Investment for Watershed Services impacts policies at country and global levels based on evidence from Peru and the Blue Nile. Resource Recovery and Reu- se businesses in Kampala and Lima foster private sector engagement in the cities’ sanitation sector. • Water Resources Platform: The 2030 Water Resources Group makes key policy contributions in particular to the Peruvian water sector moder- nisation, whilst engaging in the areas of water valuation and financing. • Advocacy and partnerships for WASH: The Priorities in 2016 Ministerial and the High-Level meetings of Sani- • 2030 Agenda in the water sector: Switzerland tation and Water for All (SWA) yield important continues to be influential in advancing an effec- commitments of high-level policy makers, where- tive global institutional architecture and mecha- as the 7th Forum of the Rural Water Supply Net- nisms to meet the political ambition of the 2030 work (RWSN) performs on “Reaching the SDGs Agenda in the water sector. Complementing the for rural water supply”. Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) on WASH, the • Access to WASH: The Swiss Water and Sanitati- integrated monitoring of water and sanitation re- on NGO Consortium meets its ambitious targets lated SDG targets (GEMI) under the umbrella of and develops innovative means of results’ com- UN-Water is tested in pilot countries. munication, whilst through large scaling-up in • Blue Peace initiatives: The Global High-Level Peru more than 700’000 people gain access to Panel for Water and Peace presents its first re- water and 280’000 to sanitation. Furthermore, commendations in a UN General Assembly side the proven business models delivering safe wa- event and the Geneva Water Hub gets fully ope- ter to the poorest and most vulnerable are do- rational. In the regions, the Blue Peace Middle cumented for replication, and two handwashing East community continues to harness collabora- campaigns are conducted in urban and rural con- tive solutions, while a High-Level Dialogue Plat- texts of Africa.

4 • Water for agriculture: Value chains and busi- World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations ness models for small-scale irrigation kits are Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), Uni- consolidated, whereas water audits in Burkina ted Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), UN Secretary Faso, Morocco and Uganda pave the way for in- General›s Advisory Board on Water and Sanitation vestment projects on water efficiency and pro- (UNSGAB), Food and Agriculture Organization of ductivity. Moreover, a profound reflection on the the United Nations (FAO), World Meteorological thematic cluster is conducted. Organization (WMO), Joint Monitoring Program- • Swiss Voice: The RésEAU is boosted (strategy, me WHO-UNICEF (JMP), Water and Sanitation Pro- core group and tools) and its African chapter gram (WSP), International Finance Corporation (IFC), launched. The AGUASAN Workshop series rede- Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council signed and the Swiss Water Partnership leverage (WSSCC) influence in joint initiatives, collaboration with the WB Water Practice and performances at ma- International institutions and platforms: jor national and international events.Further, a Global Water Partnership (GWP), Water Integri- longer-term vision for Solidarit’eau Switzerland ty Network (WIN), Rural Water Supply Network formulated. (RWSN), International Union for the Conservation • Cross-cutting issues: Evidence-based commu- of Nature (IUCN), Strategic Foresight Group India nication on achievements results in four highly (SFG), World Water Council (WWC), Water Footprint relevant success stories being published, accom- Network (WFN), International Secretariat for Water panied by strong advocacy for the realization of (ISW), Women for Water Partnership (WfWP), 2030 the Human Right to Water and Sanitation and Water Resources Group (WRG), World Economic Fo- gender mainstreaming. Also, the high-quality as- rum (WEF), Earth Security Group (ESG), Global Sani- surance and peer review mechanism across the tation Fund (GSF) entire GPWI portfolio is consolidated. Switzerland: Key partners IDANE Wasser, Swiss Water Partnership (SWP), Multilateral organisations: AGUASAN Community of Practice, Eawag/Sandec, UN-Water, United Nations Economic Commission Swiss Water and Sanitation NGOs Consortium, Swiss for Europe (UNECE), United Nations Educational, start-ups and SMEs, Swiss universities and universi- Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), ties of applied sciences

5 Objective 1: Water Security in the Global Agenda

Attain that water security (as defined by the UN) is in the frontline of the priorities of the international global development agenda.

Strategic Networks

• Initiative for a UN Intergovernmental Body on Water • Contribution to UN-Water • Global Expanded Monitoring Initiative (GEMI), Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS)

6 A more effective Global Water Architecture for the 2030 Agenda Initiative for a UN Intergovernmental Body on Water

accelerate progress. It envisages that the global review frameworks is centred on the High-level Political Forum for Sustainable Development (HLPF) and that thematic follow-up and review at the global level, while being open and inclusive, will essentially build on the work of UN intergovernmental bodies, such as the ECOSOC functio- nal commissions.

ANALYSIS

The final report of the UN Secretary- General’s Advisory Board on Water and Sanitation (UNSGAB, 2004-2015), highlights that there is currently a mismatch between the holistic and ambitious 2030 Agenda vision of water and sanitation management and the international political structures available to effectively contribute to its implementation. UNSGAB’s key recommendations to remedy this deficiency are: • The creation of a UN Intergovernmental Committee on Water and Sanitation for the thematic follow-up and review at the global level, • The strengthening of UN-Water; as the coor- dinating structure of UN actions on water and sanitation, UN-Water serves as the BACKGROUND Secretariat and support entity for the UN Intergovernmental Committee on Water and The ambitious 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Sanitation, Development, adopted in New York in Sep- • The setting up of a comprehensive global tember 2015, will guide our efforts to achieve water and sanitation monitoring framework sustainable development and eradicate poverty to support follow-up and review with high- over the next 15 years. Its 17 Sustainable Deve- quality data. lopment Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Based on UNSGAB’s fundamental analysis, the Agenda. current setup of the global water institutional The agenda must now be translated into a architecture will not allow effective and coor- strong commitment by all stakeholders to imple- dinated support for Member States in implement the 2030 Agenda and achieve its Goals menting the 2030 Agenda. It also does not allow and targets. for a comprehensive and integrated follow-up Sustainable management of freshwater and sani- and review of progress towards implementing tation (hereafter water) are vital elements of the the new global water agenda. 2030 Agenda. It contains a dedicated Goal of sustainable management of water and sanitati- This is due to the following reasons: on, SDG 6, and a multitude of SDGs with targets • The global water governance structure that are directly related to water and sanitation. is highly fragmented. While a multitude Their successful implementation will be crucial of forums, including UN agencies, deal with for realising the whole 2030 Agenda. water, they treat it as a sub-topic and/or look The 2030 Agenda recognises the need for coun- at it from single-issue perspectives. There is try-led ‘robust, voluntary, effective, participatory, disconnection between the water-specific transparent and integrated follow-up and review’ processes that form the current international in order to support national implementation and water policy on the one hand and the inter-

7 national political level on the other hand. filled in the global water sector. • Unlike for other themes, such as gender It also follows the logic of the Report that no or food security, there is no dedicated intergovernmental body can claim exclusi- UN intergovernmental body for water ve ownership of any Goal and that the SDG- endorsed by UN Member States. Such a review should be organised in such a way that body is needed in order to deal with water it promotes ‘a cross-cutting understanding of the in a comprehensive and integrated manner significant interlinkages across the goals and tar- at the political level within the UN. gets.’

A ‘FIT-FOR-PURPOSE’ UN INSTITUTI- THE PROPOSED WAY FORWARD ONAL WATER ARCHITECTURE FOR THE 2030 AGENDA Following up on UNSGAB’s recommendations and in line with the 2030 Agenda and the Report Provide a dedicated intergovernmental of the UN Secretary-General, there is a need to body for comprehensive and integrated fol- reform the international institutional architecture low-up and review to show progress for water, i.e. to make global water governance • To enable regular dialogue among govern- more efficient, inclusive, and politically viable in ments and major groups at the global level, line with the functions described above. providing guidance and recommendations At the core of this effort stands the establish- for implementation of the SDG’s targets ment of a UN intergovernmental Body on related to water, feeding into the HLPF. Water. • To offer a forum for knowledge exchange This body, supported by a secretariat and poten- and mutual learning, and for building part- tially linked to ECOSOC, would be tasked with nerships for implementation and coopera- the follow-up and review of the implementati- tion. on of all SDG targets related to water. It would achieve this by providing the key thematic input Such a body should have the following key to the HLPF regarding SDG 6 and water related characteristics: targets, incorporating inputs from supporting • It should be endorsed by the UN Member working structures/entities and other relevant States as part of the UN system. It should UN intergovernmental bodies, and by supporting build on and engage with water-relevant reviews of closely related SDGs. thematic networks and multi-stakeholder Such a body would safeguard a comprehensive partnerships, integrating their inputs into and integrated water perspective in the imple- global thematic follow-up and review. mentation of the 2030 Agenda, while reflecting • It should foster integrated reviews by linking interlinkages with other themes thereby allowing with other related goals and targets and the HLPF to carry out its mandate fully. It should relevant thematic intergovernmental plat- also prepare UNGA sessions dedicated to water. forms. Through the inclusion of existing thematic networks and partnerships and the participation of Strengthen UN-Water and maximize major groups, it should promote coherence bet- system-wide coordinated action and ween the activities of the government and other coherence. stakeholders, resulting in more effective and effi- • To streamline and coordinate the water-rela- cient use of ‘resources’. ted activities of the UN system. The new body should be as lean as possible, • To serve as secretariat and support entity for with minimal implications on the UN budget. the UN Intergovernmental Body on Water. The expenses should be compensated by a more • To coordinate the global monitoring and effective, integrated and coordinated approach evaluation of all water-related targets, inclu- to support the implementation of the Agenda ding means of implementation, and regularly 2030 with regards to water and sanitation and to provides the HLPF and other UN intergovern- review progress. mental bodies and forums reviewing SDGs An adequate UN architecture for the realisation with water-related targets with an integra- of the 2030 water agenda, including the esta- ted, comprehensive assessment of progress blishment of a UN Intergovernmental Body on in implementation. Water should be endorsed by a UN resolution. This initiative is supported by a group of coun- This vision, with the foreseen new intergovern- tries (Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, the mental body at its core, is in line with the 2030 Netherlands and Switzerland). All interested UN Agenda and the Report of the Secretary-Gene- Member States are welcome to join and support ral, which underlines the central role of the UN the development and further work on a coherent intergovernmental process and bodies, and their concept for a global institutional water architec- corresponding supporting entities, for the fol- ture that is ‘fit for purpose’. low-up and review process – a role currently not

8 9 Support to UN-Water SDC Contribution to UN-Water

The support of SDC to UN-Water core bud- verty reduction and towards the achievement of the get is strategic to ensure economic, effec- 2030 agenda for sustainable development. tive and efficient operations of UN-Water and reinforce its position as a major actor UN-Water represents the one voice of the UN with high level outreach capacity in imple- System on all freshwater-related matters Region menting the global water agenda. Global UN Water is the inter-agency coordinati- As one of its main focus areas, UN-Water carries out on mechanism established in 2003 to foster numerous activities aiming at influencing high-level Partners synergies and information sharing among global policy dialogues. In 2013, to identify the fu- 31 UN Agencies as the 30 UN Agencies active in the water sec- ture course of water, UN-Water undertook a consul- members and 38 partners tor. tation process on the 2030 agenda, resulting in the outside the UN report “A Post-2015 Global Goal for Water – Syn- UN-Water plays an important role in global gover- thesis of key findings and recommendations from Background information nance as coordinator/facilitator and repository of UN-Water”. The report promotes a holistic water Strengthen UN System global data, information and knowledge about wa- and sanitation. Through the UN inter-agency Tech- and agencies coordination ter and is a major pillar of the global water architec- nical Support Team (TST), the report fed into the to respond to the global ture. political process, to which UN-Water also provided water challenges. continuous support during 2014. Much of the UN- It is a powerful vehicle for strong, shared and susta- Water recommendations are captured in SDG 6 of Project objectives inable vision among UN agencies and programmes the 2030 Agenda, aiming to ensure «availability and The UN Agencies speak in in the water community its permanent operational sustainable management of water and sanitation for one voice on all freshwater structure (the Chief Technical advisor and his staff) all». Moreover, UN Water influenced on the choice related matters. are both based in Geneva. of global indicators. Strengthen the positioning of UN-Water in the global UN-Water focuses on: UN-Water also monitors and reports on the state, water architecture for the • Providing freshwater-related information, po- use and management of the world’s freshwater re- 2030 agenda. licy briefs and other communication materials sources through a series publications. Together, the- for policy-makers and managers. se publications provide a comprehensive picture and Beneficiaries • Building the knowledge base on water issues an in depth analysis of specific issues or geographic 31 UN Members and through efficient monitoring and reporting sys- areas. 38 global Partners (Aqua- tems. fed, IUCN, GWP, WWF, • Providing a platform for system-wide discussi- Moreover, World Water Day is held annually on WWC, IWMI, etc.) ons to identify challenges in global water ma- 22 March under the leadership of UN-Water, as a nagement. means of focusing attention on the importance of Costs freshwater and advocating for the sustainable ma- CHF 2,000,000 Improving coherence and coordination of the UN- nagement of freshwater resources. Water programs (implemented by UNDP, UNEP, Duration UNICEF, WMO etc.) increases efficiencies of a UN ------2012 - 2015 portfolio of more than a billion dollars in the water Additional information: (2016-2020 under agree- sector in a way that contributes to growth and po- www.unwater.org ment procedure)

10 Global Expanded Monitoring Initiative (GEMI), Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) Development of a global framework for water and sanitation monitoring in the 2030 Agenda

To fulfil the monitoring needs of the 2030 Agenda and its dedicated goal on water and sanitation, an integrated monitoring framework composed of two existing – JMP and GLAAS – and one new monitoring pro- Region grammes – GEMI – is being developed. They Global integrate and expand existing monitoring efforts on water, sanitation, hygiene, waste- Partner water, water quality and water-related eco- WHO, UNICEF, UNEP, UN- systems to ensure coherent monitoring of Habitat, FAO, UNESCO and the entire water cycle. All three initiatives WMO, operating under operate under the UN-Water umbrella and the umbrella of UN-Water involve various specialized UN-Agencies.

Background information Entering the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Develop- With the 2030 agenda ment with a dedicated goal on water and sanitation, the water sector has the the sector at large requires a coherent monitoring opportunity to build a co- framework, with improved data acquisition and herent monitoring frame- analysis, to track progress and provide a platform for Children›s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), the Food work that is covering the action. Credible data will underpin sector advocacy, and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations whole water cycle. This will stimulate political commitment, inform decision ma- (FAO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and contribute to an improved king at all levels and trigger well-placed investment Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Health integrated water resources towards optimum health, environment and econo- Organization (WHO) and the World Meteorological management. mic gains. Organization (WMO), operating under the umbrella of UN-Water. Project objectives Created in the MDG area, the WHO/UNICEF Joint • Establish and manage, Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and The long term goal of the SDC support to these by 2030, a coherent Sanitation (JMP) is monitoring progress on drin- three initiatives is to (i) establish and manage, by and unified monitoring king water, sanitation and hygiene, while the UN- 2030, a coherent and unified monitoring frame- framework tor water Water Global Analysis and Assessment of work for water and sanitation in the 2030 Agen- and sanitation Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) imple- da, and (ii) contribute to country progress through • Contribute to country mented by WHO provides policy makers at all levels well-informed decision-making on water, based on progress through weIl with a reliable, easily accessible, comprehensive and harmonized, comprehensive, timely and accurate in- infotmed decision-ma- global analysis of the evidence to make informed formation. king, based an harmo- decisions for investments in sanitation and drinking- nized, comprehensive, water. To create a coherent framework for a global Up to mid-2018 all three initiatives need to adapt timely and accurate monitoring mechanism to track progress on all wa- or develop their monitoring methodologies to make information ter related SDG targets, GEMI – Integrated mo- them fit for monitoring the SDG targets 6.1 to 6.6 as • Report on global pro- nitoring of water and sanitation related SDG well as 6.a and 6.b. For the national level monitoring gress towards all targets targets – is being developed, integrating and ex- guides will be developed that combine traditional of SDG 6 panding existing monitoring efforts on wastewater and innovative data collection. Regular reports will treatment and water quality, water scarcity and wa- be published. Beneficiaries ter use-efficiency, integrated water resources ma- Policy- and decision-management and water-related ecosystems. kers and the general public ------GEMI is an inter-agency initiative composed of the Additional information: Costs United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), JMP: www.wssinfo.org CHF 7,811,000 the United Nations Human Settlements Program- GLAAS: www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/glaas me (UN-Habitat), the United Nations International GEMI: www.unwater.org/gemi Duration 07.2015 - 06.2018

11 Objective 2: Water Governance

Influence the global policy dialogue on Integrated Water Resource Management fostering water cooperation and promoting equitable and balanced socio-economic development with gender inclusion ensuring access for the poor.

Strategic Networks

• Global Water Partnership (GWP) • Women for Water Partnership (WfWP) • International Secretariat for Water (ISW) - Solidarity Water Europe (SWE)

Cluster Water Diplomacy

• Blue Peace Global • Blue Peace in the Middle East • Water Diplomacy & Governance in Key Transboundary Hot Spots • Establishment of a Global Hydrometry Support Facility and Innovative Hub

Cluster Water Economics

• SuizAgua Colombia • SuizAgua Andina • Vietnam to produce more coffee with less water • Scaling Up Payments and Investments in Watershed Services to Address the Global Water Crisis • 2030 Water Resources Group • Resource Recovery and safe Reuse (RR&R)

12 Support to Global Water Partnerships (GWP) Towards effective Global Water Governance and implementing coherent action

The demand for enhancing global water governance is to increase in the coming decades in a world where more than half of the global population will suffer from water shortage. The Global Water Partnership Region (GWP) as an organizational network is pla- Global ying an increasingly important role in global water governance. Through its country level Partners presence the GPW is a key actor to translate Over 3’000 partner organi- the post-2015 agenda on water into action sations in 167 countries while providing knowledge and promoting key concepts at the global level. The network Background information Stress on global water GWP’s global strategy Towards 2020 stresses the GWP’s comparative advantage lies also in its extensi- resources is an important need for innovative and multi-sectoral approaches ve network that has been established at global, regi- issue in terms of long to adequately address the manifold threats and op- onal and country levels and counts today over 3,000 term sustainability. There portunities relating to sustainable water resource partners in 167 countries. In some cases, GWP wa- is a growing demand for management in the context of climate change, rapid ter partnerships have been established at basin level sustainable development urbanization, and growing inequalities. within countries. The added value of GWP is further and management of water manifested in its multi-stakeholder approach and resources support. The strategy takes a thematic approach to water se- the establishment of the water partnerships that curity and supports programme implementation in build knowledge and facilitate stakeholder partici- Project objectives six key areas of development: climate change, trans- pation, especially during consultation processes and GWP›s vision is for a water boundary cooperation, food, urbanisation, energy, for building collective ownership of processes. secure world. Its mission and ecosystems. is to advance governance Focus areas of SDC contribution and management of water GWP adheres to fostering IWRM resources for sustainable In addition to its core contribution to GWP, SDC sup- and equitable develop- Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) ports GWP’s thematic programme “Transboundary ment. remains the prevalent conceptual framework to Water Management and Security” that aims at pro- address these challenges. With its mandate to promoting and updating knowledge on transboundary Beneficiaries mote IWRM, GWP has ensured that the concept water management (TWM) issues on national, regio- Water Users, Water Basin is nowadays widely accepted. GWP has not only nal and global level. Further, SDC subscribed to sup- Organisations, Govern- shaped significantly the concept but contributed port to the implementation of the new GWP gender ments, Civil Society, largely to its understanding and uptake on many strategy with focus on gender mainstreaming in Academic Sector etc. different levels (local and community, basins, trans- IWRM policies, planning and implementation. boundary, national and international) through the Budget delivery of several services and products by their ------Total: CHF 18 Mio./year network. Additional information: SDC core contribution: www.gwp.org CHF 3,000,000 GWP is a global network, that supports the sustai- www.gwptoolbox.org nable development and integrated management of Duration water resources at all levels towards a water-secure 2014 – 2016 world. The global network engages at different levels: national, regional and global. It is recognised as an important ingredient of the global water governance structure.

13 Women for Water Partnership (WfWP) Women as Agents of Change for a water secure and equitable future

The active and meaningful engagement of women in the provision, management and safeguarding of water is known to decre- ase irresponsible water use and pollution, to prevent corruption and conflicts, and to Region increase water efficiency and the sustaina- Global bility of interventions. “Women for Water Partnership” unites the diversity of women’s Partners civil society across the globe and facilitates Women for Water Part- their collective contributions to achieving nership universal access to and the sustainable governance of water resources. In this way, Background information women and their organisations are empo- • At the national level: WfWP creates a strong Having access to water ca- wered and positioned as development women’s civil society voice for influencing de- talyses women’s social and agents in their communities, countries and cision-making and provides a platform and the economic development. regions. evidence base for their joint contributions to WfWP mobilises and capa- implementing policies and programmes. citates women to provide The Women for Water Partnership (WfWP) consists • At community level: Women’s empowerment water for themselves and of 26 women’s civil society networks with subsidiari- and leadership in the water and development their communities and to es in approximately 100 countries. The membership sector are central in all WfWP interventions. Ac- ensure equitable allocation ranges from rural women, academia, women water tive exchange between member organisations and sustainable use. professionals and businesswomen to service organi- is complemented with a global support mecha- sations and special interest groups. This diversity of nism to facilitate their projects that in turn lead Mission women’s civil society organisations creates an enab- to the improvement of the living conditions of To position women and ling environment for women’s active contribution to women and their communities, in particular in their organizations as sustainable development. Universal access to water low and middle income countries. active leaders in sustaina- for all uses – including hygiene and sanitation – is ble development and to the agreed entry point for women’s empowerment In the current phase, WfWP will focus more precise- enable them to catalyze and their social and economic development. ly on the following strategic objectives: change towards integrated • Advocate the link between women, water and approaches and universal Since its establishment in 2004, WfWP has con- sustainable development in policies and imple- access to water for all uses, sistently raised the profile of women in the water mentation sanitation inclusive. sector, both in their professional capacity and as • Position women as agents of change, leaders, major group in society. This has contributed to the professionals, experts and partners on equal Beneficiaries global agenda setting on integrated water resour- footing with men in water and sustainable de- WfWP member organi- ces management, gender mainstreaming and the velopment programmes to achieve equitable sations and their local human right to water and sanitation. The streng- access to water for all for all uses networks. Women world- thening of, and support to, member organisations • Advocate for women’s access to financial in- wide in different layers of has resulted in effective influence on national poli- vestments and instruments society. cies and in a myriad of concerted actions and local • Use and promote gender disaggregated indica- projects that accelerate the implementation of the tors in the water sector Costs internationally-agreed, water-related development • Establish regional or national hubs (dependent CHF 600,000 goals. on additional funding) • Develop a knowledge platform for learning Duration The partnership focuses on integrating water, gen- 02.2016 – 12.2018 der and sustainable development in policy and practice by facilitating women’s meaningful participati------on: Additional information: • At the global level: WfWP is active in suppor- www.womenforwater.org ting a more effective global water architecture for the 2030 agenda, and uses its convening power to promote gender equality at international level.

14 Support to the International Secretariat for Water (ISW) - Solidarity Water Europe (SWE) Innovative multi-stakeholders initiatives to promote civil society and youth

The International Secretariat for Water (ISW) - Solidarity Water Europe (SWE) is a non-governmental organisation and a strategic international network that brings together 300 people and organisations com- Region mitted to supporting the cause of water Global in the world. ISW-SWE advocates for the acceleration of the implementation of the Partners human rights to water and sanitation with International Secretariat an integrated multi-stakeholders approach. for Water (ISW) - Solidarity The specificity of ISW-SWE is its capacity to Water Europe (SWE) decrypt not only the tendencies of the water sector but also the needs of the civil society Background information and to develop innovative and creative mul- ISW-SWE›s mission is to ti-stakeholder initiatives that mobilise those ensure universal access to in favour of access to water and sanitation ISW-SWE network water and sanitation is a for all, including the sustainability of water priority of sustainable and resources they depend on. ISW-SWE`s comparative advantage consists in its equitable development. To broad network that has been established since 25 achieve this, an innova- ISW-SWE challenges years at national, regional and global levels and tive, multi-stakeholder brings together more than 300 organisations and approach is crucial. • To ensure universal access to water and sanita- people. ISW-SWE works in partnership with orga- tion for all is one of the priorities of sustainable nizations and networks from all around the world Project objectives and equitable development. to ensure the civil society›s voice is heard by the ISW-SWE use the latest • To fight for access for all to water as a source of decision-makers. knowledge, build partner- life, democracy, peace, creativity and tradition. ships and harness creativity • To create decentralised and cross-subsidising The network has the capacity to decrypt not only to develop initiatives that financing mechanisms to ensure services reach the tendencies of the water sector but also the mobilise stakeholders in marginalised populations. needs of the civil society and to develop innovative favour of universal and • To promote the involvement of the civil society concepts and partnerships. ISW-SWE›s activities inequitable access to water in transboundary water management. clude advocacy, awareness-raising and information and sanitation. • To develop local climate change adaptation campaigns, communication, field projects as well as strategies. youth initiatives. Beneficiaries Civil Society, Water & Sani- ISW-SWE know-how Specific focus of SDC contribution tation Users, Governments (local / national levels), • The promotion and support of local knowledge SDC also supports the European Youth Programme multilateral organizations, and institutional capacity building. of ISW-SWE aiming at empowering young people etc. • The promotion of local, national and continen- to engage in water issues. Grants are provided by tal alliances. SDC to assist the European Youth Parliamentarians Budget • The involvement of youth and their elders in the for Water in implementing their water projects in SDC Core Contribution: search of innovative solutions. their own countries. CHF 340,000 • The design of awareness-raising and informati- SDC Support to the Youth on campaigns which promote integrated water ------Programme: CHF 50,000 basin management whether on a local or inter- Additional information: national scale. www.sie-isw.org Duration • The use of events for communication and ad- 01.2016 - 12.2018 vocacy actions.

15 Blue Peace Global The Global High Level Panel for Water and Peace

The Blue Peace initiative supports the work The issue of “Water and Peace” has many facets. of the Global High-Level Panel on Water and Thus, the Panel will also focus on: Peace. The panel was officially launched in • identifying legal, economic, financial and insti- November 2015 and is set to last a maximum tutional mechanisms to incentivise multi-secto- of two years. Its main objective, as decided ral and transboundary water cooperation; Region by the 15 co-convening countries, is to deve- • examining how to cope with and prevent wa- Global lop a set of proposals aiming to strengthen ter-related conflicts, namely transboundary and the global architecture to prevent and resol- intersectoral – possibly exploring potential me- Partners ve water-related tensions and conflicts, chanisms to promote hydrodiplomacy; Co-convening countries and facilitate the use of water for building • promoting effective implementation of the glo- from all the world’s regi- peace. bal water conventions; and ons; Geneva Water Hub; • promoting best practices in water cooperation. Strategic Foresight Group Sustainable water resources management is one (India); other partners of the global challenges of the 21st century. Water The work of the panel focuses specifically on linka- issues are a growing cause of social, economic and ges between water and peace, which contributes to Background information political instability, with significant impact on secu- improving water governance at all levels. Its propo- The Swiss Government rity and peace in the world. In its 2015 Global Risks sals should also contribute to the implementation of and the SFG have held report, the World Economic Forum ranked water as the water goal of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable consultations with more the top global risk. Development. Indeed, growing tensions and dispu- than 150 political leaders, tes over water allocation and uses may undermine diplomats and water For the last 5 years, the Swiss Government, together the achievement of the Sustainable Development experts that have shown with other countries and in partnership with the Goals. the need for a high-level Strategic Foresight Group (SFG), a global think tank political debate on how to based in Mumbai, has developed the “Blue Peace” The panel is independent and tasked to outline prevent water conflicts. framework for transforming water from a source of concrete proposals/recommendations to enable potential crisis into an instrument for peace. water to be an instrument of peace. These propo- Project target sals/recommendations will be nonbinding, and will Develop a set of propo- The freshly established Global High Level Panel on address policy issues at all levels (global, regional, sals aiming to strengthen Water and Peace is composed of 15 eminent persons national, local). However, the panel will not make the global architecture to coming from a variety of backgrounds and sectors, any country specific recommendations. prevent and resolve water- each nominated by one of the co-convening count- related conflicts. ries (Cambodia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Estonia, Fran- While the Panel functions outside the formal struc- ce, Ghana, Hungary, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Morocco, ture of the United Nations, it works in close coope- Beneficiaries Oman, Senegal, Slovenia, Spain, and Switzerland). ration with relevant stakeholders, including the UN Political, UN, academic, It is chaired by H.E. Danilo Türk, former President which is represented in the Panel through UN-Water civil society and private of the Republic of Slovenia. In addition, an informal as observer, taking into account already existing ini- sector actors that can in- ‘Group of Friends’ of the Panel is being created to tiatives and organisations in the water sector. fluence the water, security encourage participation from additional countries. and peace theme. ------The Panel will recommend a global architecture for Additional information Costs transforming water into an instrument of peace. It is www.genevawaterhub.org CHF 1,870,000, plus con- established for a maximum of two years and has the www.strategicforesight.com tributions from partners following objectives: 1. to develop a set of proposals aiming to streng- Duration then the global architecture to prevent and re- 06.2014 – 12.2016 solve water-related conflicts; 2. to facilitate the use of water for building peace and cooperation; and 3. to put water relations at the centre of government policy worldwide.

16 Blue Peace Global Developing the Geneva Water Hub

Water insecurity is increasingly a cause of The Geneva Water Hub will enable partnerships social and political instability threatening with international think tanks as well as with UN peace and security at all levels. The Geneva and non-UN institutions and agencies. It will build Water Hub aims at better understanding on Switzerland’s experience and capitalize on the and preventing water-related tensions bet- wealth of international actors in Geneva and bey- Region ween competing uses, between public and ond concerned with water issues. The Geneva Wa- Global private actors, and between political enti- ter Hub is being gradually developed as a flexible, ties and countries. The Hub will leverage lean structure with the support of the Swiss Agency Partners resources available in international Geneva for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and several UN and global actors from to develop the hydropolitics agenda. It will global actors from civil society, academia, river basin civil society, academia, also offer a hydrodiplomacy platform provi- organisations, and the private sector. It is expected river basin organisations, ding facilitation, conciliation and mediation to be fully operational as an independent legal enti- and the private sector. services. ty by the end of 2016.

Background information Sustainable water resources management is a global The Geneva Water Hub will be composed of: The Hub will help scale up challenge of the 21st century, and is more and more • A networking platform, to connect and bring the Blue Peace approach to linked to insecurity at local, regional and global sca- together organizations and actors of internatio- the global level, promoting le. This is illustrated by growing tensions around nal Geneva and of Switzerland, to focus on the dialogue between political, large dams, mining operations and various disputes global theme of water, security and peace. socio-economic and the- over land and water. • An education and knowledge platform with matic actors. global outreach, at the intersection of research However, despite the complexity of the challenges, and political action, for the prevention and Project target water can become a theme for collaboration and management of water-related conflicts, and Develop a hub of com- can be transformed from a source of potential crisis strategic analysis for evidence-based decision petence in hydropolitics into an instrument of peace. It is with this positive making. This platform is coordinated by the to better understand and vision that Switzerland is engaged in global water University of Geneva which is establishing a prevent water-related ten- issues in partnership with UN organizations, bilateral global scientific network focusing on the latest sions between competing partners and NGOs, to help prevent water conflicts thinking and developments in this field. uses and between political at an early stage and to promote water as an instru- • A think tank linked to organizations based in entities. ment of peace and cooperation. Geneva and in Switzerland, and well connected at global level, to function as an independent, Beneficiaries Geneva forms the most active centre of multilate- neutral platform to better understand, facilitate Political, UN, academic, ral diplomacy worldwide, and has become a recog- and mediate water-related tensions and con- civil society and private nized global centre of expertise in several areas that flicts. It will operate at both transsectoral and sector actors that can in- are highly relevant to hydropolitics and global water transboundary levels and respond to demands fluence the water, security governance. In response to the wish expressed by by countries, regional organizations, civil socie- and peace theme and im- many partners to federate the expertise available in ty, public and private sector actors. plement concrete solutions Geneva, Switzerland is supporting the formal estab- at all levels. lishment of a hub of competence in hydropolitics to The Geneva Water Hub will interact closely with two promote water cooperation and good governance. related initiatives being developed in parallel: the Costs Global High-Level Panel on Water and Peace, and CHF 2,510,000, plus con- the Global Hydrometry Support Facility and Innova- tributions from partners tion Hub of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Duration 06.2014 – 12.2016 ------Additional information www.genevawaterhub.org

17 Blue Peace in the Middle East Cooperation and Confidence Building

The Blue Peace Community, a network created in 2011 with today over 200 policy makers and opinion makers in the Middle East, appears to be the only sustained mechanism of regional dialogue on water Region during a five year period when the Middle Middle East East has seen violent conflicts and crisis of governance. It is now moving towards Partners implementing concrete confidence building Strategic Foresight Group measures in water management that will (India) improve living conditions for common people and also help establish a Cooperation Background information Council in the post conflict era. Countries in the Middle These media expressions appeared in Arabic, Tur- East lack desire for co- Blue Peace in the Middle East is a unique process kish, Kurdish, Hebrew, Persian, English and French. operation for sustainable to use water for building peace and cooperation in management of water the strife torn region. It has sustained in the context It has led to an informal agreement between Iraqi resources despite depleti- of serious crisis of governance, internal political un- and Turkish decision makers on twinning of moni- on of rivers and aquifers, rest, civil conflict, and conflicts between countries. toring stations in order to harmonise standards for drought and refugee crisis Despite such turmoil, resulting in massive death, measurement of water flows and thereby remove extending beyond the displacement and refugees to Europe it has created misunderstanding and build confidence. This agree- region. a community of champions of water cooperation ment will be implemented once the border areas of from governments, parliaments, academia, media, Iraq and Turkey are free from extremist violence. It Project objective and public in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey, and will directly benefit 30 million people living in the To facilitate emergence of also separately in Israel and Palestine. It will be ex- Tigris basin. institutional solutions and tended gradually to include stakeholders from Iran concrete actions on the and Syria in due course. It has led to an initial dialogue between Israeli and ground to promote colla- Palestinian experts on confidence building measu- borative and sustainable The Blue Peace Process has led to adoption of prin- res that can improve living conditions of ordinary management of water ciples of cooperation by the policy makers and opi- Palestinian people needing access to water. When resources and to create po- nion makers in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey. this dialogue progresses, it will directly benefit a few litical will among opinion These principles include common responsibility, thousand villagers, but the indirect and long term makers and the public at efficient management of water resources, benefit benefits will be immense in terms of contribution to large for such cooperation. sharing and cooperation. regional peace and cooperation.

Beneficiaries The process has resulted in publication of over 500 The Blue Peace Process eventually aims to establish Public organisations, articles, comments and news analysis and broadcas- Cooperation Council for the sustainable manage- state water management ting of prime time television programmes advoca- ment of water resources in the Middle East. It is bodies, industries, agricul- ting the benefits of water cooperation in the Middle primarily expected to include Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, tural units, environmental East and sensitising around 40-50 million people. Syria and Turkey and can be realistically implemen- bodies, water users, parti- ted once the political situation in Syria makes such cularly including women an institutional structure feasible. In the meanwhile, while the “hardware” of the Cooperation Council Costs has to wait for the post conflict era, the “software” CHF 970,000 is being created by the Blue Peace Community through its confidence building measures between Duration policy makers and awareness building of the general 03.2015 – 12.2018 public.

------Additional information www.strategicforesight.com

18 Blue Peace in the Middle East Hydropolitical baseline study of the Yarmouk basin

Water resources from the Yarmouk River Rationale. The study is valuable for a number of basin are shared by Syria and Jordan, but reasons: the use of flows has been contested for a • Surface and groundwater in the Yarmouk basin long time. Despite the difficulties, the cir- irrigate over 35,000 hectares in Syria, meaning cumstances may at the same time provide the flows will remain crucial for livelihood secu- Country / Region an opportunity to enable a more effective rity and state-building efforts when the current Jordan, Syria transboundary arrangement. The hydropoli- conflict in Syria dissipates; tical baseline study will provide the ground • The flows are currently used well beyond their Partners for an effective and integrated trans- sustainable limits; University East Anglia boundary water management in the basin. • Use of the flows between Syria and Jordan is (UEA) Water Security Re- The study will establish the baseline of water heavily contested, despite or because of the search Centre, Jordanian availability and use in the Yarmouk tributary 1953 and 1987 bi-lateral agreements; and Syrian water experts to the Jordan River from 1915 – 2015, with • The conflict in Syria has likely altered use of a view to serve hydro-diplomacy and trans- the flows, and may provide an opportunity to Background information boundary water resources management. enable a more effective transboundary arran- Shared between Syria and gement; Jordan, water resources Context. The Middle East including the Yarmouk • A more effective arrangement on the Yarmouk in the Yarmouk basin are River basin is a highly water-stressed region. Espe- tributary is also crucial for Jordan River Basin- used well beyond their cially when compared with the rest of the Jordan wide diplomacy; sustainable limits. River basin, collective knowledge of the hydrology • Despite all of the above, even basic data on wa- and politics of the Yarmouk River is inadequate. ter availability and use is lacking. Project objective Though the water resources are used well beyond To provide rigorous their sustainable limits, basic hydrological modelling Objectives. The overall goal of the study is to pro- hydrological and political is wanting. Knowledge of the hydrogeology in the vide rigorous hydrological and political analysis that analysis that will serve as a region is even more scant, despite the importance will serve as a baseline for effective transboundary baseline for effective trans- of groundwater for both irrigation and contributing water resources management and hydro-diplomacy boundary water resources to surface flows. Groundwater also receives next to programming by SDC and others. It contributes to management and hydro- no mention in the 1953 and 1987 Syrian-Jordanian strengthening data and knowledge sharing of the diplomacy programming agreements. Moreover, the conflict in Syria has likely hydrology and politics of the Yarmouk River and will by SDC and others. altered use of the flows. As a result of the Syrian be beneficial to an evidence-based dialogue bet- crisis, the basin furthermore hosts one of the lar- ween the different stakeholders. The specific objec- Beneficiaries gest concentrations of Syrian refugees, which has tives of the study are: Water users in the basin; a tremendous impact on the water resources in the • Establish historical and current water use; SDC and others involved basin. • Improve the state of knowledge of the hydrolo- in hydro diplomacy and gy and hydrogeology; effective transboundary • Provide a rigorous political analysis of the trans- water management (e.g. boundary cooperation. governments of Jordan and Syria)

Costs CHF 200,000

Duration 05.2016 – 11.2017

The YHPB Research team overlooking the Yarmouk River right before it enters the Jordan River.

19 Blue Peace in the Middle East Water Start-Up Programme & Innovation Trainings for Humanitarian WASH in the Middle East

Worldwide, the Middle East is the most water-scarce region and youth unemployment also ranks the highest in the world. In addition, the on-going Syrian and Iraqi conflict has created a devastating humanitarian Country / Region crisis with millions of people displaced both Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, within the countries and to neighbouring Palestinian Authority countries. To address the pressing situation, this multi-faceted project trains and sup- Partners ports local entrepreneurs and humanitarian GIZ, German Toilet Organi- WASH actors in the region to develop inno- zation, BORDA, Awarenet, vative, locally adapted water and sanitation local organisations solutions for refugees and host communi- Water start-ups discussing business ideas in Ramalllah. © Lillian Volat, cewas ties. Background information The Middle East is facing Since 2011, the entire region of the Middle East has Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq. The programme has two ongoing humanitarian been facing instability as a result of political uprising, main target groups: Firstly, these are the local and crisis with millions of violence and warfare. The Middle East is a water international humanitarian actors, local universities, displaced persons, diminis- scarce region struggling to meet the basic water and local governmental authorities and NGOs already hing natural resources and sanitation demands of its rapidly growing populati- operating in the fields of water and sanitation. In a the mismanagement of on With millions of displaced persons, the situation series of trainings and innovation workshops, new, water and waste as well as is even more critical. Refugees and displaced popu- sustainable WASH solutions for this protracted hu- high unemployment across lations are acutely vulnerable, and increasing pressu- manitarian crisis will be developed. In addition, to the region. re is put on host communities resources. Adding to further support all Arabic speaking WASH actors, that, youth unemployment in the Middle East ranks all capacity development materials as well as a main Project objective the highest in the world, which further contributes online platform will be translated into Arabic. • increase the resilience of to instability and increases vulnerability. vulnerable populations The second target group are those involved in the through building capaci- The water actors in the region lack the capacities business community; entrepreneurs, existing busi- ties and new businesses and access to innovations that can sustainably ame- nesses, investors and mentors. Here, dedicated in the WASH sector liorate the water, sanitation and waste crisis that Water Start-Up Training Programmes will link the • Contribute to impro- the Middle East is currently facing. New, innovative, different players and support water and sanitation ving sustainable water sustainable, and creative “out-of-the-box” solutions entrepreneurs to bring their innovative solution to sanitation and resources with a working business model are needed that can the local market. Thereby the program aims to inc- management tackle those water challenges, create employment rease employment opportunities and strengthen the and improve overall living conditions in the effort to role of the private sector in sustainable water, sani- Beneficiaries support longer-term solutions in a context marked tation and resource management in the Middle East. • Direct: Local water and by forced displacement. sanitation entrepre- Synergies with other Swiss Federal Administration neurs, WASH practiti- Cewas, the international center for water manage- actors and relevant partners in the region are being oners ment, has been making these links between exper- sought during the implementation of this project. • Indirect: Refugees and tise in water and sanitation, innovation and business host communities in the development since 2011. Cewas is the world’s first ------MENA region and only dedicated water and sanitation start-up Additional information incubator and business innovation training pro- www.cewasmiddleeast.org Costs gram. Since its inception, cewas created more than www.cewas.org CHF 730,000 40 international water and sanitation start-ups and executed over 20 water entrepreneurship training Duration programs on 4 continents. 04.2016 – 12.2018 The cewas Middle East Programme will strengthen the local capacity of water and sanitation actors particularly with regards to humanitarian response in

20 Water Diplomacy and Governance in Key Trans-boundary Hot Spots Building River Dialogue and Governance (BRIDGE) – Phase 3

BRIDGE supports the capacities of stake- The BRIDGE strategy aims at catalysing sustainable holders from local to transboundary levels water resources development, including progress on in countries sharing river or lake basins safe water supply, sustainable watershed manage- to design and implement effective water ment and biodiversity conservation. It is based on management arrangements through a sha- the principles that demonstrations on the ground Region red vision, benefit-sharing principles and are necessary to test how to make cooperation ope- Global transparent and coherent institutional fra- rational, and that in order to build the necessary di- meworks. BRIDGE is implemented in five alogues to make cooperation a reality that catalyzes Partners regions through demonstration at basin- change, it is necessary to use capacity development IUCN level, learning support, dialogue facilitation, and learning as a vehicle and leaders as agents of leadership development, and the provision change.Support facilities: provide advice on demand Background information of advice and technical support. to governments and stakeholders on water gover- Transboundary water nance. bodies create hydrological, With over 40% of the world’s population living in social and economic inter- 275 transboundary basins, cooperation over water The adoption of new global frameworks – the dependencies between so- management is essential for people’s well-being, UNWC, globalization of the UNECE Convention and cieties. While incorporating political stability and the sustainability of ecosys- adoption of the SDGs – motivate increased efforts a potential for competition tems. Today, the complexities of sharing water to operationalize cooperation mechanisms. At the and conflict, they also among States require innovation relative to tradi- same time, strengthening water governance ca- provide opportunities for tional approaches to water governance, calling for pacities across levels and physical and institutional cooperation. improved water diplomacy across multiple levels. boundaries requires improvements in coordination. This can be achieved by strengthening institutions, Project objective The goal of BRIDGE is to enhance cooperation mobilizing multi-level stakeholder dialogues that Poverty alleviation, nature among riparian countries through the use of water include civil society, municipalities, the private sec- conservation and econo- diplomacy in order to increase the socio-economic, tor and ministries, and multiplying the results from mic growth are enhanced environmental and political benefits derived from BRIDGE by influencing other basins through scaling in target basins through water. Cooperation among countries in the ma- up activities. sustainable management nagement of transboundary waters is a building and governance of trans- block of international security and regional stability. Based on these needs, phase 3 of BRIDGE integrates boundary water resources Likewise, water management is also a local activity the three original regions (Andes, Mesoamerica and because clean, safe and dependable water is intrin- the Mekong) with five additional hotspots in three Beneficiaries sic to health, food security and economic opportu- regions of Africa (West and Central Africa, Southern National government nities. The costs of failing to manage water are of- Africa and Horn of Africa). institutions and agencies, ten reflected in poverty, disease, loss of biodiversity, municipal and provincial conflict and instability. level governments, basin ------organizations, local com- Additional information: munities, businesses and www.iucn.org/bridge civil society http://waterlawandg- overnance.org Costs http://3sbasin.org CHF 4,800,000

Duration 01.2016 – 12.2018

Transboundary basins supported by BRIDGE for demonstration actions for improvements in water governance

21 Water Diplomacy and Governance in Key Trans-boundary Hot Spots Water and Land Resource Centres (WLRC) Project – phase III

Trans-boundary river basins in Ethiopia, hydropower and irrigation dams in Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania face multiple environ- and Egypt, poses a major threat. At the same time, mental, social and economic challenges the productivity of rain-fed agriculture in the Ethio- which have considerable impact on hydro- pian highlands is reduced due to loss of fertile soil political relations both within and beyond and nutrients. Against this background, knowledge Region the respective countries. Evidence-based generation and dissemination of “best practices” of Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania information on water and land manage- integrated water and land management technolo- ment, synthesized as targeted knowledge gies are essential in order to significantly increase Partners products for policy and practice are crucial food production, enhance water productivity, im- Centre for Development in supporting hydro-political negotiations prove the livelihoods of subsistence farmers and re- and Environment (CDE) and decision-making. duce the potential for conflicts.

Background information In phase I of the project, the Centre for Develop- The WLRC Kenya focuses mainly on the Ewaso Most trans-boundary river ment and Environment and its local partners es- Ng’iro Basin (Kenya/Somalia) and the Pangani Ba- basins in Eastern Africa tablished two Water and Land Resource Centers sin (Kenya/Tanzania). Both basins are severely water face increasing water stress (WLRC) in Ethiopia and Kenya. During phase I and II stressed and pressure on water will continue to build due to economic deve- both Centers established hydro-meteorological ob- up as a result of economic growth. In Kenya, de- lopment and population servatories, which feed rich and open access data volved governance systems are in force since 2013, growth. and information repositories, produced tailor made which effectively delegate water resources manage- information products for various stakeholder groups ment and governance from the national to the basin Project target and implemented transformative land and water level. Basin Water Committees emerge as important To promote integrated wa- management activities on the ground, such as lear- players in the sector and are the key addressee of ter and land use manage- ning watersheds. These efforts will be continued information generated and capacity development ment at the basin level in and strengthened in phase III. by the WLRC. An additional important focus is the hot spot basins. strengthening of Water User Associations in both The overall goal of the project is to improve susta- Kenya and Tanzania. Beneficiaries inable water and land resource management and People living in targeted governance, secure environmental services and deal basins, from smallholders more effectively with inherent conflict in national to policy makers. and transnational river basins in the Eastern Nile and East Africa. It does so by generating knowledge for Costs devolved processes of negotiation, planning, imple- CHF 2,400,000 mentation and conflict resolution, with a view to balancing benefit-sharing and long-term preservation Duration of water-related environmental services. 01.2016 – 12.2018 The WLRC in Ethiopia focuses on the Blue Nile Basin in the Ethiopian Highlands. In this basin, two inter- linked important issues with transboundary implications are land degradation and hydro-sedimentolo- gy. Over the last centuries, water and land resources in the Ethiopian Highlands have been exposed to ------exploitative subsistence agriculture. This has had ne- Additional information: gative on- and off-site effects both in Ethiopia and www.cde.unibe.ch/research in downstream countries. Increased sediment load www.wlrc-eth.org in the Nile River, leading to siltation of downstream www.cetrad.org

22 Water Diplomacy and Governance in Key Trans-boundary Hot Spots Support to the UNECE Water Convention activities

The Swiss contribution will support a 1. Support to cooperation in adapting to climate number of activities in the programme of change in one of the pilot projects under the work for 2013-2015 of the UNECE Conven- Convention’s programme. tion on the Protection and Use of Trans- Riparian countries in one of the pilot basins (of the boundary Watercourses and Internatio- Convention’s programme of pilot projects on clima- Region nal Lakes (Water Convention) adopted by te change adaptation in trans-boundary basins) will Global the Convention’s Meeting of the Parties in be supported in joint adaptation to climate change November 2012. The activities aim to enhan- at the trans-boundary level. This will include the de- Partners ce sustainable use of shared water resources, velopment of a basin-wide adaptation strategy and UNESCO, UNFCCC, FAO, water security and trans-boundary water implementation of some adaptation measures. The WMO, other UN Regional cooperation through: capacity-building; experience of the pilot will be shared with all the Commissions, GEF, the policy guidance development; pilot projects other basins in the global network so that the part- Ramsar Convention, GWP, on the ground; and exchange of experience. ners can compare methodologies and approaches, IUCN, INBO and many foster the exchange of experience and promote a more The UNECE Water Convention is a key element of in- shared vision between the participating basins. ternational water law and an important intergovern- Background information mental framework to promote trans-boundary wa- 2. Development of policy guidance that quantifies The intervention aims to ter cooperation. Since the 1990s, the Convention the benefits of trans-boundary water coopera- promote at both technical has fostered the development of trans-boundary tion. and political level coope- agreements, the establishment of joint institutions The activity will support countries to estimate the ration on trans-boundary and the strengthening of cooperation, in the UNECE benefits of trans-boundary cooperation (including wat-ers touching upon region. Amendments to the Convention came into the costs of non-action) by providing guidance on different aspects of water force in February 2013 that turned into it a global how to identify, quantify and communicate the ran- management and use. legal framework. ge of benefits linked to cooperation.

Project target Intervention strategy and components 3. Capacity-building activities at both national and 1. To reduce security risks regional levels to support the widening of the associated to poten- The intervention will aim to promote at both techni- Water Convention outside the UNECE region. tial conflicts over the cal and political level cooperation on trans-bounda- A number of different events targeting countries management and use of ry waters and touch upon different aspects of water or sub-regions outside the UNECE region will be shared water resources. management and use. organized at different levels (experts, decision ma- 2. To foster cooperation on kers) to promote understanding of the Convention trans-boundary waters The intervention will build on four elements: and build capacity on its implementation as well as through implementation to exchange experience on trans-boundary water of the Water Convention 1. Preparation of an assessment of trans-boundary management. Training will focus on the rights and at the global level. waters, covering around 10 basins, that exami- obligations of the Water Convention, its practical nes the water-food-energy-ecosystems nexus. application on the ground and the experience and Beneficiaries For each basin, the assessment will provide a pictu- lessons learned gathered under its many activities. Experts and decision re of the interdependencies (or their understanding) makers on various levels, across water, energy, food, water-related ecosys------NGOs and international tems and other areas — such as climate change and Additional information: organizations biodiversity — in terms of uses, needs, economic www.unece.org/env/water and social benefits. In each basin, the assessment Costs will seek to identify opportunities to further exploit CHF 1,000,000 synergies, find ways to reduce tensions between sectoral objectives, and avoid unintended conse- Duration quences, and resolve trade-offs to meet increasing 04.2013 - 06.2016 demand without compromising sustainability.

23 Water Diplomacy and Governance in Key Trans-boundary Hot Spots Groundwater Resources Governance in Trans-Boundary Aquifers

This project aims to address issues and pro- Based on the recognition and the dialogue and trust blems related to the Trans-Boundary moni- building that happened during the assessment in toring and management of Aquifers (TBA) the first phase, phase two of the project will focus and to respond to the pressing need to on achieving the agreement on the priority issues, increase the knowledge on their physical the establishment of a common monitoring system Region and socioeconomic characteristics. Its goal and the development of cooperation mechanisms Central Asia, Southern is to ensure the sustainable use of ground- among countries. Steps are already taken towards Africa, Central America water resources through enhanced trans- a political commitment to cooperate and implement boundary groundwater governance. The priority actions. This includes the establishment of Partners project will contribute to develop capacity multi-country consultative bodies. UNESCO - IHP, IUCN on governance, gender and conflict issues and facilitate coordination mechanisms for The project is linked to - and works in collaborati- Background information joint monitoring and management in three on with - major international networks and strate- Two-step approach to trans-boundary aquifers: Trifinio (Meso- gic partners in the field of TBAs. The project clo- build recognition of the America), Pretashkent (Central Asia) and sely cooperates with organisations and institutions shared nature of the Stampriet (Southern Africa). Indirectly the engaged with UNESCO in the global effort to im- resource and to reach con- project will contribute to improve the ove- prove trans-boundary groundwater management, sensus on trans-boundary rall environmental sustainability. in particular the GEF, FAO, the World Bank, UNEP, governance mechanisms. UN WWAP, IGRAC, and UNESCO‐IHE, as well as The project wants to achieve a better integration regional organisations and UN Regional Economic Project target of groundwater resources into the water budget of Commissions. • To improve knowledge basins, countries and regions, as part of a step-by- and recognition of the step approach to enable and foster trans-boundary ------importance and vulnera- cooperation. Additional information: bility of trans-boundary www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environ- groundwater resources. UNESCO’s work will gradually shift from establi- ment/water/ihp/ihp-programmes/isarm/ • To enhance cooperation shing a shared understanding in the three concer- on water security, redu- ned trans-boundary aquifers in the previous phase ce trans-boundary and to joint groundwater governance at national and water-use conflicts, and regional level and capacity building for conflict re- improve overall environ- solution, gender responsive activities and coopera- mental sustainability. tive frameworks. It will therefore keep improving the resources knowledge based on recognition of Beneficiaries the importance and vulnerability of trans-boundary National Governments, groundwater resources. major user groups, international organisations

Costs CHF 1,880,000 (SDC) CHF 1,000,000 (co-financing)

Duration 01.2016 – 12.2018

Contact Global Programme Water [email protected]

24 Innovative Monitoring and Modeling Establishment of a Global Hydrometry Support Facility and Innovation Hub

Reliable hydro-meteorological observations systems in hydrometry and water monitoring of and forecasts are critical to implement bet- national hydromet services, and facilitates free ter water resources management practices and open data sharing; and policies. The project, implemented by • GHSF strengthens fit-for-purpose and sustaina- the World Meteorological Organization ble monitoring capabilities through innovation Region (WMO) and the iMoMo consortium, will in applied monitoring systems for the benefit Global combine traditional with new and decen- of local water users and national hydromet ser- tralized monitoring approaches based on vices, as well as decision-makers at the natio- Partners crowd-sourcing with mobile phones, brin- nal, transboundary and global level; WMO, iMoMo consorti- ging decision-relevant information faster • Local beneficiaries are engaged in crowd- um, BGW Management to the users. It aims to enhance the base sensed innovative monitoring and modelling Advisory Group of hydro-meteorological data to foster evi- of hydromet data to enhance coverage and dence-based policy- and decision-making in availability of hydromet data in six countries at Background information water resources management. transboundary, national, sub-catchment or lo- Today, data on water cal community levels. remain scarce, fragmented Many countries are unable to provide accurate, ti- and difficult to access and mely, and coherent information and forecasts that To help achieve these objectives, a single operatio- interpret. This hampers meet user needs. This increases societal vulnerabi- nal structure will be created, the Global Hydrome- effective decision-support lity to natural hazards and inhibits socioeconomic try Support Facility, which will bring together the for integrated water growth, translating into water insecurity with WHYCOS office, the World Hydrological Observing resources management measurable adverse impacts on communities, their System (WHOS), a Hydrological Services Information (IWRM), translating into livelihoods and ecosystems. Platform, and a Global Innovation Hub. water insecurity. Poor data management can contribute to conflicts Project objective and inequitable access. The challenge is to provide Development of a reliable hydrologic information on a regular, sustainable and base of hydrological data transparent basis to meet the growing need to apply to foster evidence-based such information to development planning across a policy- and decision- wide range of economic sectors, to secure life and making, and conflict reso- property, and to foster water cooperation. A data lution, in water resources revolution will be needed to underpin the achieve- management at global, ment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). transboundary, national and local levels. Suitable investments to strengthen national capacity to provide hydrological information services The set-up of an Innovation Hub within GHSF allows Beneficiaries should be driven and guided by the demand of to closely link iMoMo achievements with the Hub National hydromet services users. Recent technology advances open up new objective of using innovative monitoring technolo- and local water users. perspectives through non-traditional, people- gies for improved, fit-for-purpose and sustainable Populations through better centered approaches, which are at the core of the hydromet monitoring. The iMoMo consortium will access to water informati- Innovative Monitoring and Modelling (iMoMo) initi- contribute during the set-up of the Hub with back- on and informed decis- ative, incubated by SDC since 2012, and which has stopping support. The technical know-how and ions in water manage- contributed to significant policy advances at natio- institutional expertise gained through iMoMo will ment. nal and global level. inform the innovation calls by the Hub. At the project level, existing and new iMoMo activities will be Costs The overall goal of the project is to develop a re- outscaled in Central Asia and Africa. These activi- CHF 3,370,000, plus con- liable base of hydrological data to foster evi- ties will be taken up as case studies by the Hub to tributions from partners dence-based policy- and decision-making, and demonstrate the viability of innovative monitoring conflict resolution, in water resources manage- concepts globally and inspire approaches to main- Duration ment at global, transboundary, national and stream innovative monitoring and link it with traditi- 05.2016-12.2019 local levels. The establishment of a Global Hydro- onal monitoring approaches. metry Support Facility (GHSF) and Innovation Hub, ------as well as the outscaling of existing and new iMoMo Additional information: activities aim to achieve to following objectives: www.wmo.int • GHSF provides an efficient, innovative and su- www.imomohub.org stainable framework to support operational 25 SuizAgua Colombia Strategic partnerships for better water management

With growing water scarcity, improved Key results and insights from previous phases water management and collaboration between different sectors has become key for • WF went from an unknown concept to well ap- future well-being and sustainable deve- preciated tool by private sector, public institu- lopment. SuizAgua Colombia works with tions, academia, and research centers. Country the Ministries of Environment and Agri- • A fruitful Public-Private Partnership experience Colombia culture, the National Business Associati- with 11 multinational companies from diverse on and applied national and international productive sectors. Partners research centers, in order to: i) scale up the • Companies’ investments up to 2.5 Mio USD • IDEAM Colombia water footprint tool; ii) promote corporate (2010-2015) in WF reduction and monitoring, • Unit for Rural Agricultural water stewardship strategies; iii) identify and water focus actions (CSR). Planning of the Agricultu- and advocate for stronger water criteria in • WF introduced for the first time in Colombia’s ral Ministry the agricultural sector; iv) introduce a veri- public policy instrument the National Water • National Business Asso- fiable investment mechanism for the provi- Study (ENA). ciation sion of water as part of ecosystem services • Knowledge management and communication • Alianza BioCuenca and v) setting-up a community of practice supported international visibility and scaling-up • National Center for Clea- to influence water management positively in the region (Peru / Chile). ner Production, Quantis, in Colombia and through partners in other Center of Science and countries of the Latin America region. Objectives and intervention lines 2016-2019 Technology, Good Stuff International, CEO Water The OECD estimates that by 2030, about 4 billion • Strategic scaling-up of WF promotes corporate Mandate Colombia people worldwide – almost half of the population water stewardship strategies (CWS). – will live under severe water stress. On one hand, • Stronger water criteria are used by the agricul- Background information the recently established dedicated Water Goal (SDG tural planning sector and the National Monito- Water risks are rapidly 6) within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Deve- ring Program on Water Quality Standards, with increasing, due to inefficient lopment emphasizes the urgency and interest of regards to WF, is enhanced. water use, meagre water addressing the global water crisis, attributing also to • A practical scheme of Water Benefit Certificates treatment, increasing water the private sector a key role in realising a sustainable (WBC) in place, as verifiable investment mecha- scarcity and competition future. And on the other hand the private sector is nism for Integrated Water Resources manage- among different water uses. increasingly aware that water is becoming a subs- ment (IWRM). tantive risk for business. Thus, committed partner- • Partners constitute a community of practice Project targets ships among different actors, including the private where knowledge is shared and technical com- Results of partner compa- sector, are key to foster good governance for more mon grounds agreed upon in order to jointly nies constitute convincing equitable access and efficient water management. influence water management. showcases. A collaboration In this context, there is a need for recognised and • Develop guidelines based on practical applica- group on water with key standardised tools for steering water risk manage- tion in Latinoamerica of the ISO 14046, in part- players of the agricultural ment at corporate and territorial levels. The water nership with the Mexican Center of life-cycle sector is active. The WBC footprint (WF) contributes as an indicator for asses- assessment and eco-design (CADIS). pilot project counts with es- sing, monitoring and motivating strategic invest- tablished methodology and ments for reducing direct and indirect impacts from The investment for the reduction of the water foot- verification mechanism. water uses, in the production of goods and services. print of the companies and the supply chain is fully financed by the companies themselves. SDC finan- Target groups cing is used for knowledge creation and transfer and Direct: Communities, water also to support and exchange between the develop- and agriculture institutions, ment of ISO-Norms and the application of the water business associations footprint by companies. Indirect: Companies, water practitioners, citizens

Costs SDC: CHF 1,589,000 Total: CHF 5,985,800

Duration 01.2016 – 03.2019 26 SuizAgua Andina A Water Footprint Project for Peru and Chile

The project aims to influence the policy dia- Achieved results (at the end of the 1st phase) logue on IWRM ensuring a more sustainable use of water and avoiding water conflicts The specific achievements are (Peru and Chile): based on the water footprint (WF) concept. Specific activities are developed in Peru and • 10 companies have measured and reduced Country/Region Chile. It aims to 1) reduce the WF of the their WF and executed CSR activities in water Peru, Chile / Latin America business sector; 2) to embed the concept benefiting their stakeholders; to serve as decision-making tool on policies • Almost $10 million invested in water efficiency Partners to improve water management at national and CSR initiatives with up to 14,000 direct be- • Unacem, Camposol, Duke levels; and 3) to facilitate the countries to neficiaries; Energy, Mexichem Payco, become sources of learning and influence of • Innovative water culture campaigns (water mu- Nestlé Perú, Nestlé Chile, the WF developments at the global level. seum in a shopping mall); Mall Plaza, Tinguiririca • National WF reports as a strategic planning tool Energía, Polpaico and Competition for water as a key productive re- in Peru (agricultural sector) and Chile (Rapel wa- Clariant source is increasing tershed). • Agualimpia Perú, Funda- • The WF concept is valued in Peru/Chile to serve ción Chile, WWF Perú Properly managed water resources are a critical as a decision-making tool on policies to impro- • National Water Authori- component of growth, poverty reduction and equi- ve water management and culture; ties of Peru and Chile ty. This is especially true for Peru and Chile. In both • The project is being used as a model in both • Quantis, Water Footprint countries, competition for water as a key produc- countries for effective private sector participa- Network tive resource is increasing and conflicts over water tion in IWRM – a voluntary framework based are intensifying. With this project, SDC in alliance on the project experience and achievements Background information with leading companies and key policy makers aims is developed by the Peruvian National Water The competition for water at contributing to a better water resource manage- Authority. as a key productive resource ment as one of the most pressing regional develop- is increasing. The natio- ment challenges. Switzerland is through this the 1st ------nal water authorities and international cooperation agency that promotes a Additional information: business sector are eager project related to the WFP in the region, contribu- www.cooperacionsuizaenperu.org.pe to understand the link and ting to raising awareness regarding water shortage reduce the effects between and helping the countries to have a new tool to opti- The investment for the reduction of the water foot- human consumption and im- mize their water management and to prevent social print of the companies and the supply chain is fully pacts on freshwater systems. conflicts. financed by the companies themselves. SDC financing is used for knowledge creation and transfer and Project target Authorities, Swiss companies and Peruvian/ also to support and exchange between the develop- Extend the WF concept to Chilean firms engage ment of ISO-Norms and the application of the water the Andean Region as a tool footprint by companies. for effective participation of Attending the request of the Peruvian National Wa- the private sector on IWRM. ter Authority and the Chilean General Direction of Publish a Peruvian and Chi- Water, a geographic application of the WF at both lean national report on WF. the national and local level is being developed. With Disseminate the WF and the the support of two regional “do-tanks” – Agualim- SuizAgua Andina model. pia Perú and Fundación Chile – 10 influential regional companies based in Peru and Chile partnered Target groups with SDC to assess their WF, to reduce their water National authorities, busi- use and to compensate their WF through corporate ness sector, policy-makers social responsibility (CSR) projects in water. Additi- and populations. onally, the companies participated in knowledge exchanges and the dissemination of project achieve- Costs ments and the WF concept in general at the national SDC: CHF 1,700,000 and global level. Quantis, a Swiss start-up specialised Total: CHF 3,500,000 in eco-impact assessments, guided the scientific WF assessment process ensuring the correct application Duration of the ISO 14046 methodology. 10.2012 – 04.2016 Potential next phase is under construction 27 Vietnam to produce more coffee with less water Towards a reduction of the blue water footprint in coffee production

The project aims to ensure equitable and sufficient water availability for all water users in the Central Highlands (Vietnam) and obtain pivotal water savings through improved irrigation management in the cof- Country fee sector reaching out to a critical mass of Vietnam farmers, and hence improving people’s livelihoods in socio-economic terms and protec- Partners ting the environment. Nestlé, University of Neuchâtel - Centre of Hy- Coffee production in Vietnam has major im- drogeology and Geother- pacts on water demand mics, Hanoi University of try of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Science, EDE consulting Vietnam is the second largest coffee producer in the National Agricultural Extension Centre expressed world and leading Robusta coffee exporter. Coffee full recognition of the study findings and called for Background information is the most important export product in value for immediate action to formalize government approval Coffee is one of the pri- the country and supporting the rural livelihoods of and broad introduction of the research findings to mary agricultural products over 2 million people, mainly in the Central High- the grassroots level through mass media and farmer traded in the world and is lands. trainings. In response, SDC and Nestlé confirmed a commodity of outstan- In order to make coffee farming economically viab- continued support. ding significance for the le, water for irrigation is a pre-condition to achieve producing regions. Coffee yields that average 2.3 Mt per ha. Although water Expected results production in Vietnam has is scare during the dry season, smallholder coffee a significant impact on farmers tend to irrigate excessively. Over-extraction Water availability, supply and demand have been in- water resources. can be explained by the fact that water is an open ventoried and the impact of coffee production on access resource, has no price and licensing regulati- water resources assessed in Dak Lak province; water Project target ons about the maximum number of wells and their scarce hotspots have been identified and Water Ac- • Improved water resour- maximum extraction depth are not enforced. As a tion Plans have been formulated, implemented and ces management consequence, people living in the Central Highlands monitored for 2 pilot micro-catchments by local in- • A weather early war- of Vietnam are increasingly facing the challenges of stitutions in partnership with and through capacity ning system supports drought and extreme water shortage. These threa- building support from selected international institu- optimization of farm ten agricultural production, which not only affects tions. management community life, but also weakens the local econo- A weather early warning system has been designed, • Large-scale awareness my. tested and implemented for one Central Highland’s raising and training Aggravating this situation is the absence of systema- province in order to support optimization of farm of farmers on rational tic monitoring of water resources, which makes it management. water use for coffee impossible to provide information on the condition 50,000 small-scale and poorer farmers deprived of production of water resources and recommend a course of ac- information, and often part of the ethnic minorities, • Policy advocacy on ratio- tion on water resources management for the region. in the 5 main coffee producing provinces produce nal water use. coffee in an economically and particularly water An innovative public-private development efficient manner through access to improved sup- Target groups partnership port with regard to water management and state 50,000 smallholder coffee of the art Good Agricultural Practices for Robusta growers, extension ser- In 2011, Nestlé, the main off-taker of Robusta cof- production which leads to important water savings vices, policy-makers and fee in Vietnam and SDC engaged in a public private in agriculture. coffee manufacturers. partnership program to study the water footprint of Through policy advocacy, the project is a concrete Robusta coffee as a means to raise awareness for model featuring the subject of water efficiency in an Costs farmers about the value of water and to jointly de- international policy debate and to sensitize relevant Total: CHF 1,688,335 velop steps to rationalize and optimize water use. policy makers through its results. SDC: CHF 844,167 The project’s research findings outlined in the policy brief entitled: “Vietnam to produce more coffee Duration with less water”, were presented in October 2013 06.2014 – 06.2017 at a stakeholder workshop. The Vietnamese Minis-

28 Payments for Ecosystem Services Scaling Up Payments and Investments in Watershed Services

The project is fostering a paradigm change Overall goal that could transform the way the world’s The vision is that the protection and restoration of watersheds are valued and managed. Inve- healthy watersheds can contribute to addressing the sting in natural infrastructure – such as wet- global water crisis by providing reliable and clean lands, streams, and forests that can capture, water supplies, contributing to food security, and Region filter, and store freshwater – is emerging as supporting livelihoods, particularly for poorer com- Global; demo projects one of the most cost-effective solutions to munities. This will be done through widespread in Bolivia, Brazil, China, the global water crisis. Payments for Waters- adoption of innovative financial mechanisms, such Ghana, Kenya, Mexico, hed Services are now exceeding 10 billion as payments and investments in watershed services Peru and possibly other USD annually worldwide and are becoming (IWS). Specifically, with this project we seek to sca- countries. a sustainable alternative to costly traditio- le up IWS as a means of cost-effectively addressing nal infrastructure from mega-cities such as water quality and quantity challenges in watersheds, Partners Beijing and New York City to small villages providing co-benefits, and improving livelihoods. Forest Trends and part- in Bolivia. ners in target countries Key results expected from phase 2 (Government, NGOs, pri- Achieving sustainable water management is argua- Demonstrating Solutions: Demonstration projects in vate sector); global actors bly one of the greatest challenges facing the world at least 6 countries are implementing IWS solutions such as IUCN. today. To meet post-2015 Sustainable Development that protect or restore the natural infrastructure of Goals, the world will need massive amounts of new water¬sheds, improve the quality and/or quantity of Background information or upgraded water infrastructure. This urgent need water for people, and support local livelihoods; the Significant threats to water to address the water crisis has created an opportu- portfolio of projects is actively engaged in providing security and booming nity for sustainable solutions that incorporate a na- and dissemi¬nating a diversity of models for scaling water infrastructure needs tural infrastructure approach. This does not mean up IWS solutions. are calling for innovative abandoning traditional ‘grey’ infrastructure but Building Knowledge and Capacity: The state of solutions to the global rather including natural infrastructure as an impor- science and knowledge base for IWS is advanced, water crisis. tant part of the mix. The term Investing in Waters- through developing new practice-based information hed Services (IWS) includes a wide range of financial resources and tools, and strengthening regional and Project objectives mechanisms – ranging from direct cash payments, global knowledge networks for IWS best practice To scale up payments and to tradable credits, to technical assistance – that all and dissemination through targeted IWS support. investments in watershed focus on providing incentives for investing in natural Engaging New Sectors & Communicating Value: Key services as a cost-effective infrastructure for water. IWS also supports imple- leaders in the water sector are aware of the benefits means to address the mentation of IWRM because it needs a watershed of IWS, have the necessary information and tools, global water crisis and approach, engagement with a broad range of sta- and are actively engaged in incorporating natural in- improve livelihoods. keholder groups, and the balancing of the needs of frastructure and IWS solutions as part of best prac- multiple water users in a watershed. tice in IWRM. Beneficiaries The project has a global The Payments and Investments for Watershed ------outreach and targets bene- Services Model Additional information: ficiaries at different levels www.watershedconnect.org (rural communities, city dwellers, policy makers…); it systematically assesses poverty and gender impacts.

Costs CHF 4,750,000

Duration 01.2014 – 12.2016

29 Innovative Multi Stakeholder Collaboration 2030 Water Resources Group (2030 WRG)

There is an emerging gap between safe Sugarcane in Karnataka: As an important partner freshwater availability and water demand in of 2030 WRG, the Government of Karnataka (India) many developing and fast growing econo- has made water conservation a priority. The Govern- mies around the world. The economic, envi- ment, together with 2030 WRG, is promoting drip ronment, social and political challenges that irrigation in commercial crops - such as sugarcane Region this gap presents to governments is serious. - as a major focus for state-wide adoption. The in- Global 2030 WRG address these challenges by brin- itiative aims to cover 700,000 sugarcane farmers ging together the private sector, public sec- and bring 434,000 hectares of sugarcane cultiva- Partners tor and civil society; providing expert ana- tion under drip irrigation over a three-year period. 2030 WRG lysis; identifying best practices; promoting Some key elements addressed are: a) business case public private partnerships; advising on the for adopting drip irrigation; b) smart/green subsidy Background information development of national policies and pro- to accelerate the migration; c) policy framework; d) Water scarcity is an inc- grams; and encouraging big private sector risk mitigation; e) sharing of information among sta- reasing concern for many to support water efficiency. 2030 WRGs goal keholders; and approaches for finance facilitation. governments in develo- is to facilitate open, trust-based dialogue ping countries. They face processes to drive action on water resources Water Valuation and efficient water use in challenges in managing reform in water stressed countries in deve- mining industry in Mongolia: 2030 WRG is fa- water resources to safely loping economies. The ultimate aim of such cilitating the development of a new methodology deliver the water needed reforms and actions is to close the gap bet- for water valuation, leading to changes of tariffs for to fuel growth, as well ween water demand and supply by the year commercial water abstraction, smarter incentives as for humans and the 2030. for efficient water use and waste water treatment. environment. On the basis of a recently concluded hydro-econo- The 2030 Water Resources Group (WRG) was mic assessment of the mining sector in Mongolia, Project objectives created by the private sector (such as Nestlé, Coca- 2030 WRG is developing a regional mining pro- To incorporate perspec- Cola), the World Bank Group (IFC), the WEF, NGO’s gram to incentivize better water management in tives from the private sec- and bilateral agencies (SDC) to develop new ideas/ Mongolia’s mining industry. tor and economic growth approaches to address water scarcity and water ma- into the water dialogue nagement with a multi stakeholder approach. First Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100: 2030 WRG is sup- and to steer the private created at the WEF it is hosted by the International porting the formulation of the Bangladesh Delta sector to use water more Finance Corporation (IFC) since 2013. 2030 WRG is Plan (BDP) 2100 as a partner with the Government efficiently and to bring in working in Peru, Mexico, South Africa, Tanzania, of Bangladesh, Government of Netherlands and its know-how in the water Kenya, India (Ganga, Karnataka, and Maharasht- the World Bank Group. The BDP 2100 will identify sector. ra), Bangladesh and Mongolia. New countries are and prioritize infrastructure investments (in water being explored such as Vietnam, China, Brazil and resources, energy, transport and other sectors) to Beneficiaries Colombia. 2030 WRG has a three phased approach: ensure sustainable development of the Bangladesh • People living in water Analyze (Hydro Economic Analysis), Convene Mul- Delta. The initiative involves the assessment of the scarce areas ti Stakeholder Platforms, Transformation on the possible effects of population growth, economic de- • Farmers & economic ground. velopment and climate change. actors • Governments ------• Private Sector Additional information: www.2030wrg.org Costs CHF 900,000

Duration 07.2016 – 06.2017

30 Resource Recovery and safe Reuse (RR&R) Implementing Resource Recovery and Safe Reuse – Preparation for Scaling Sanitation Safety Planning

The Sanitation Safety Planning (SSP) is a step-by-step risk based approach to assist in the implementation of the 2006 WHO Guidelines for Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater. The approach can be Region applied to all san-itary systems to ensure the Global system is managed to meet health objectives. Partners RR&R Phase 2 will build global capacity on WHO in collaboration with SSP and support selected coun-tries and ear- Intervention strategy and expected results Swiss TPH, IWMI, CEWAS ly adopters to managed health risks in reuse In the long term WHO’s vision is to support Member businesses and faecal sludge management States to ensure health risk based management for Background information (FSM) services. sanitation systems is used at policy, city and system SSP is a health risk based level following the principles of the 2006 WHO Gui- tool for managing, mo- Context and Rationale of Project delines. nitoring and improving There is increasing interest and demand from Mem- The immediate goal of this Phase is to further prove sanitation systems. ber States and the emerging sanitation private sec- the SSP concept and build a foundation of capacity SSP was developed in tor to go beyond access to household latrines and and experience among trainers, early adopters and RR&R Phase 1. Phase 2 ensure sanitation services are safely managed. Sa- several Member States to support global SSP scale- outlined here will prepares fely managed services prevent human contact with up. for global scaling of the excreta along the sanitation chain and where pos- approach. sible derive value from sanitation waste. This more Result 1: Sufficient global and regional ambitious approach to sanitation service delivery is SSP expertise and learning resources widely Project objectives reflected in many national and regional plans and available to support global scale-up • Building global capacity most significantly targets 6.2 and 6.3 in the new su- 1. SSP training package and policy roadmap do- and resources on SSP stainable development goal (SDG) agenda. cument • Prove SSP concept at po- Moving from informal or absent sanitation chain 2. Global level SSP expert trainers and trained re- licy and implementation management and reuse to safely managed services gional trainers level in high potential poses many challenges, Defining and communica- 3. SSP case examples showing SSP application in countries ting what “safe” means in this context, establishing specific contexts • Support early adopters risk assessment and management pro-cesses, and 4. Online platform established for all SSP resour- to integrate SSP in revisiting outdated policies and standards across ces reuse busi-ness and FSM sectors is critical if progress is to be made. services. Sanitation Safety Planning (SSP) is a management Result 2: The SSP concept is proved tool to assist countries to implement the 2006 WHO through application at policy and implementa- Beneficiaries Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta tion level in high potential countries Direct: public authorities, and Greywater and apply the principle of risk asses- 1. SSP implemented in 3-4 countries in with direct NGO and private sector sment and management to sanitation systems. SSP technical support from WHO and partners authorities at various is useful to all actors working in sanitation service 2. Policy and institutional barriers identified and scales , small / medium delivery to systematically identify and address real priority policy actions imple-mented enterprises and perceived health risks and to ensure measures 3. Policy analysis paper on incentives, barriers and and monitoring are in place with the various actors enablers for SSP Costs along the sanitation chain. CHF 1,000,000 WHO and RR&R Phase 1 partners developed the Result 3: SSP early adopters are apply- SSP manual and tested it in 6 countries (India Peru, ing, innovating and communi-cating SSP and Duration Philippines, Portugal, Uganda and Vietnam) n con- catalysing wider uptake 06.2015 – 05.2017 junction with conjunction with business models for 1. SSP embedded in the operations of early ad- waste reuse. WHO foresees a global scale-up of the opters SSP approach following a similar trajectory global 2. Generic SSPs for different typologies of SSP scaling of Water Safety Planning (WSP) now used in over 77 countries. This Preparation for scaling-up ------SSP strategy builds on activities started in Phase 1 Additional information: of the RR&R project and focuses on developing a www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/wastewater foundation of experience and capacity to underpin a global scale-up in 2018 and beyond. 31 Resource Recovery and safe Reuse (RR&R) Improving the sanitation sector while promoting Resource Recovery and safe Reuse in Kampala

About half of the world’s population is Intervention strategy and partners predicted to live in water stressed areas by It is against this backdrop that the Reform of the 2025. This scenario is further aggravated Urban Water and Sanitation Sector (RUWASS) pro- by the inadequate man-agement of liquid gramme implemented by GIZ supports Kampala and solid wastes in urban and peri-urban Capital City Authority (KCCA) and other key stake- Region areas of low- and middle-income countries, holders under a co-funding agreement between the Global leading to the disposal of untreated waste German Government (Federal Ministry for Economic streams and associated human and environ- Cooperation and Development, BMZ) and the Swiss Partners mental health risks. The recovery of wa-ter, Government (Swiss Agency for Development and GIZ, Kampala Capital City nutrients and energy from sanitation sys- Cooperation, SDC). The main goal is to improve the Authority, Eawag, WHO tems is therefore an increasing priority for sanitation sector of Kampala while promoting alter- many governments. natives to classic waste disposal. The reasoning be- Background information hind this is that the amount of liquid and solid waste The results of the RR&R Context and Rationale of the Project is going to increase once the framework conditions Project Phase 1 (2011- Sanitation issues are some of the most significant are strengthened. However, the capacities to deal 2015) found a potential development challenges for Uganda’s capital city with the waste are likely to remain the same. Hence, for implementing certain Kampala. Like many other capital cities in develo- alternative solutions to recover and reuse nutrients, RR&R businesses in Kam- ping countries, Kampala is experiencing rapid popu- water and energy from waste are needed. The inter- pala. However, the legal lation and economic growth. However, provision of ventions will focus on three thematic areas: and institutional frame- key services including adequate sanitation services 1. Strengthening the legal and institutional framework is not strong enough. for the population has not been in tandem with the- work for Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) as se developments. well as RR&R; Project objectives In Kampala, about 90% of the people rely on on-si- 2. Coaching and training of actual RR&R business • Implementation of eco- te sanitation solutions, which cannot be considered entrepreneurs and supporting the implementa- nomically viable RR&R “improved” or “acceptable” in most cases. Pit-latri- tion of a number of economically viable RR&R business models while nes are unlined, filled with solid waste and difficult business pilots; addressing public health to access for emptying services - ultimately leading 3. Promoting the adaptation, implementation and environmental to filled-up facilities that are either abandoned or and use of WHO’s concept of Sanitation Safety implications. directly emptied into the urban environment, which Planning (SSP) both on policy and private sector • Strengthening the legal poses health and environmental risks for the city level. and institutional frame- and its people. work for sanitation Untreated industrial wastewater, that is discharged Expected Results management through directly into the environment, and insufficient solid The expected results of the project are: application of Sanita- waste management add to the fact that the city 1. The legal and institutional framework for priva- tion Safety Planning in faces increasing challenges in safeguarding public te sector engagement in Kampala’s sanitation selected businesses and health and protecting its natural resources. sector is strengthened; pilot areas. The main reasons are a weak institutional and legal 2. Safe and financially sustainable RR&R business frameworks for the sanitation sector, an unregula- pilots are established in Kampala; Beneficiaries ted private sector and a lack of alternatives to turn 3. SSP is one of the standard planning and mo- Entrepreneurs of small and liquid and solid waste into value. nitoring tools for the sanitation sector by local medium RR&R enterpri- authorities and is put into practice by RR&R ses, private faecal sludge businesses. emptiers, poor households without access to sanitati------on, public authorities Additional information: www.eawag.ch/en/department/sandec/projects/ Costs ewm/rrr-resource-recovery-reuse/ SDC: EUR 1,000,000 www.sswm.info Total: EUR 2,000,000 www.giz.ruwass.de

Duration 06.2015 – 05.2017 Open dumping of faecal sludge in Kampala

32 33 Objective 3: Equitable Access

Influence at the global level for improved, equitable access to basic water and sanitation services and efficient use of water for agriculture.

Strategic Networks

• Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) • World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)

Cluster Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH)

• Research for action • Water, sanitation & irrigation services in Africa and Asia • Hand washing in Africa • Contribution to WaterLex • Information management system on geogenic contaminants • Swiss Bluetec Bridge: Swiss start-ups benefit disadvantaged populations • Scaling up safe water

Cluster Water for Family Agriculture

• Scaling up productive water (small irrigation) • Strengthening Agricultural Water Efficiency and Productivity

34 Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) Collaborative effort to address the global sanitation and hygiene challenge

The Water Supply and Sanitation Collabo- WSSCC is also a hub of knowledge, research, lear- rative Council (WSSCC) is at the heart of a ning and sharing. Its training tools, reports and advo- global movement to improve sanitation for cacy on topics such as menstrual hygiene are at the everyone. For the past 25 years, WSSCC has leading edge, and it supports research and action to worked to build a world where all people – help guide and improve sanitation programmes in Region regardless of their location or economic or developing countries. Crucially, WSSCC’s work puts Global, with a focus on Ea- social status – have access to decent toilets society’s most vulnerable and marginalized people – stern and Western Africa, and hygiene. It is the only United Nations women, children, the disabled, the elderly, and tho- South and Southeast Asia body devoted solely to sanitation for the se living in the most remote regions – at the centre. most vulnerable and marginalized people in Partner the world. Global Sanitation Fund WSSCC WSSCC’s Global Sanitation Fund (GSF) provides One billion people defecate in the open because targeted investments for national sanitation and Background information they don’t have access to a decent toilet. An estima- hygiene programmes in the world’s most vulnerab- WSSCC was created in ted 600,000 children under five still die each year le communities. It is the first and only internatio- 1990 by a UN General because they play in and drink water contaminated nal fund devoted solely to sanitation and hygiene. Assembly resolution to with human waste. However, when a community Developed in consultation with local organizations continue the work of the gains access to sanitation – decent toilets, clean and with the support of national governments, GSF- International Drinking Wa- water and soap for hand-washing and safe facilities supported programmes help communities under- ter Supply and Sanitation for menstruating women and girls – life improves stand the importance of having a safe, clean place Decade (1981-1990). by every measure. This is what WSSCC works to to defecate and focuses on changing behaviours in achieve. In particular, WSSCC works through three order to transform living standards and empower Project objectives complementary and reinforcing programme areas: communities. In the period from 2012 to mid 2015 • Tens of millions people Networking & Knowledge Management, Advocacy the GSF has contributed to achieving the following gain access to improved & Communications, and the Global Sanitation Fund. aggregated results from 13 intervention countries: sanitation and adopt 8.21 Million people with improved toilets; 9.92 Mil- good hygiene practices, Networking & Knowledge Management lion people living in Open Defecation Free environ- prioritizing poor and WSSCC provides a neutral space in which individu- ments; and 13.46 Million people with handwashing marginalised groups. als and organizations concerned with sanitation, facilities. • More individuals, orga- hygiene and water for poor people in developing nisations and businesses countries can network and share ideas. WSSCC has Advocacy and Communications involved in sanitation over 5’000 individual members in 150 countries to Despite a high cost-benefit-ratio of investments of and hygiene. support its work, including WSSCC National Coor- 1:3 to 9 CHF (Report on effectiveness, SDC SECO, • Individuals and agen- dinators in 15 countries with the largest sanitation 2010) sanitation and hygiene are historically neglec- cies in sanitation and and hygiene needs. ted and underfunded topics characterized by incon- hygiene improve their sistent approaches and policies, fragmentation and knowledge and skills. unclear responsibilities. WSSCC’s global advocacy has helped make sanitation a worldwide develop- Beneficiaries ment priority. International campaigns, such as the Individuals without access UN End Open Defecation campaign, build aware- to sanitation and hygiene, ness of the sanitation crisis and the urgent need for marginalized groups, greater action. WSSCC has contributed to the fact national and international that sanitation figures prominently in 2030 Agenda sector professionals. for Sustainable Development and provides an important piece as Means of Implementation to reach Costs Goal 6.2 on sanitation and hygiene. At the national CHF 8,000,000 level, WSSCC supports coalitions working to accele- WSSCC has sponsored groundbreaking research, training and policy advo- rate action on sanitation, hygiene, and safe water. Duration cacy that has provided new insight into the links between sanitation and 01.2016 – 12.2017 other critical development issues, including menstrual hygiene, economic ------inequality and women’s health. Additional information: www.wsscc.org

35 Equitable Access to Water Supply and Sanitation Services World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)

Access to Water Supply and Sanitation Ser- Building on the positive results from its previous vices (WSS) remains a perennial challen- support, SDC will contribute to the implementati- ge for the development community. The on of WSP 2011-15 business plan at global, regio- historic interventions in the sector typically nal (Africa) and national levels (Mozambique, Niger, relied on financing infrastructure without Pakistan), especially in the following core business Region adequately assessing the institutional fra- areas: Global mework and the needs of poor people. In 1. Scaling of sanitation and hygiene in rural areas, addition there has been a lack of analysis through triggering demand for sanitation ser- Partners of what worked at scale. Against these chal- vices and supporting entrepreneurship; Water and Sanitation lenges and since 2005, SDC partnered with 2. Creation of sustainable services through the Program, part of the World the Water and Sanitation Programme (WSP) private sector; Bank Group’s Global to improve global knowledge on WSS with 3. Supporting the inclusion of the poor in sector Practice emphasis on analytical and knowledge dis- reforms; semination. 4. Targeting the urban poor and improving ser- Background information vices in small towns; In 2015, 663 million As the innovative arm of the World Bank Global 5. Delivering WSS services in fragile state people still lack improved Practice Team, WSP aims to replicate successful drinking water sources & approaches, conduct targeted learning efforts and ------2.4 billion people lack im- support reforms that ensure the adoption of sustai- Additional information: proved sanitation facilities nable investments in the WSS sector. WSP provides www.wsp.org (WHO & UNICEF JMP). its support through its network of over 125 technical staff in 25 countries across Africa, East Asia-Pacific, Project objectives South Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. To assist governments scale up water supply, WSP has been extremely influential in shaping the sanitation services and strategic orientation of the World Bank water sec- hygiene programs for poor tor and is renowned as a major actor globally. It is people. the main network supported by SDC Water in its endeavour to influence at global level the achieve- Beneficiaries ment of the Water SDG with respect to WSS. As a Governments (national and key supporter since its beginnings, SDC has a special sub-national levels), civil role in the steering of the WSP activities and is clo- society, domestic private sely involved in the activities on global, regional and sector in target count- national levels. ries.

Costs CHF 9,525,000

Duration 01.2012 – 12.2016

36 Research for action – Water and Sustainable Sanitation (WASSA) Global Research and Capacity Development with High Impact on Practice

Access to safe water and sanitation is a Flagship research products human right, essential for poverty reduction, health, economic development and Building upon the achievements of past research, a life in dignity. However, this human right following flagship research products with great po- is by far not realty for everyone. This pro- tential for high impact worldwide will be developed Region ject aims at supporting the development in the current phase: Global of appropriate and sustainable water and • The development of a flexible mobile techno- sanitation concepts and technologies adap- logy for monitoring water quality and service. Partners ted to the poor and marginalized in low and • Sanitation planning and programming solu- Eawag / Sandec middle income countries. tions for small towns. • Developing the faecal sludge service chain for Background information Today, 2.5 billion people lack access to improved sa- adequate sanitation access for the poor. 700 million people still nitation, and 748 million people still do not access • Setting up a platform for sharing knowledge on lack access to improved to safe drinking water supply, of which 80% live in business innovation and scaling up. sources of drinking water rural areas. These numbers are substantially higher • Innovative methods to enhance environmental and 2.5 billion do not use if water and sanitation quality and affordability are engineering education across the globe. an improved sanitation considered. Sanitation and rural water supply are facility. These numbers crucial stepping stones to better health, economic ------are substantially higher development and poverty reduction. Additional information: if water and sanitation www.eawag.ch quality and affordability Objectives of the project are considered. This project supports the applied research and ca- Project objectives pacity development projects of the Department of Research and capacity de- Water and Sanitation in Dev. Countries (Sandec) of velopment for integrated the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and solutions in drinking water Technology (Eawag). Sandec is a long-term strategic treatment, sanitation partner of SDC, working towards universal access to planning, excreta and solid water and sanitation on the global level, with a fo- waste management. cus on the poor and marginalized, through applied research, transformative innovations, documentati- Beneficiaries on of best practices and capacity development. San- a) Local experts (practitio- dec also maintains a large network with more than ners), decision makers, and 40 partner organisations in developing countries policy makers and works toward increasing their research capacity b) project officers and and professional expertise in the field of water sup- decision makers with ply and environmental sanitation. national and international development agencies Through the support to Sandec’s applied research c) local stakeholder groups and capacity building activites, SDC supports • The identification, documentation and dissemi- Costs nation of integrated water, sanitation and solid Total: CHF 2,079,984 waste service approaches for the poor which SDC: CHF 1,299,615 are considered by local government, utilities, © Eawag development partners and the private sector. Duration • The development of expert knowledge on sta- 01.2015 – 12.2017 te-of-art pro-poor approaches in water treatment, excreta and organic waste management, and participatory sanitation planning for tertia- ry education and practitioners’ level. • The identification, assessment, documentation and dissemination of human waste resource recovery approaches.

37 Research for action – Rural Water Supply Network Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN)

The Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) is a Planned Activities and Priorities during 2015- global network of professionals and practi- 2017 tioners. It works to raise standards of know- • Promoting the uptake and use of the Hand- ledge as well as technical and professional book on the Human Right to Water, and wor- competence in rural water supplies and thus king with the UN Special Rapporteur. Region fulfil the vision of sustainable rural water • Overcoming barriers to Universal Acces. Global services for all. • Inclusive design for water services. • Promoting exchange and collaboration bet- Partners Vision: RWSN’s vision is of a world in which all ru- ween academics, practitioners and govern- Skat Foundation, World ral people have access to a sustainable and reliable ments on cutting-edge groundwater research Bank, WSP, Unicef, water supply which can be effectively managed to in Africa. WaterAid, IRC, WaterAid, provide sufficient, affordable and safe water within • Promoting the exchange of knowledge and African Development Bank a reasonable distance of the home. uptake of good practices in rainwater harvesting for water supply and food security world- Background information Mission: RWSN is a global network of professio- wide. 650 million rural dwellers nals and practitioners working to raise standards of • Promoting the sustainability of rural water ser- do not have access to an knowledge and evidence, technical and professional vices through the use of approaches such as life improved water supply. competence, practice and policy in rural water sup- cycle costing, business skills and the Technolo- ply and so fulfil the vision of sustainable rural water gy Applicability Framework. Project objectives services for all. • Maintaining international standards on public- 1. Appropriate balan- domain handpump designs, and focus on tack- ce between capital RWSN activities focus on four themes in the current ling the widespread problem of corrosion due expenditure to extend strategy period: to poor procurement, quality control and ins- access and recurrent tallation. expenditure to maintain Theme Objective • Continuing the professionalisation of manual services. Equality, Targeting of service provision at and mechanised water well drilling through 2. Standards of design, Non-discrimi- all levels is inclusive of the needs adaptation and uptake in countries and in or- construction, operation nation and and rights of all, with special at- ganisations of the Code of Practice for Cost Ef- and maintenance are Inclusion tention being given to those who fective Boreholes. continuously improved. are frequently excluded from • Acting as a focal point for exchange and colla- 3. Scaling up promising access to services. boration on rural water mapping and monito- practices in terms of de- ring technologies and management. Sustainable Groundwater resources are livering sustainable rural • Developing online and in-country learning re- groundwater properly considered and sustaina- water services through sources to increase the level of professionalism development bly used for developing drinking national programmes. of rural water practitioners. for rural wa- water supply sources. • Organising webinars, e-discussions and publi- ter supplies Beneficiaries cations in multiple languages on key topics and Rural Water Users, Sustainable Rural water supply services to highlight innovation and lessons learned. Government Rural Water Services are adequately financed, meet • Organising the 7th RWSN Forum in 2016. Departments, NGOs, priva- country norms and standards and • Continuing to grow and strengthen the net- te sector service providers, are managed by defined service work to foster useful knowledge exchange and Academia and research providers with adequate support. collaboration. Accelerating Self-supply is an accepted option Costs Self-supply for drinking water supply in rural The network has over 6500 members in over 140 Total: USD 3,396,982 areas by government, develop- countries. The Secretariat is hosted by Skat Founda- SDC: CHF 540,000 ment partners and water users tion, St Gallen. themselves. Duration ------2015-2017 Plus the cross-cutting topic – Mapping and Moni- Additional information: toring, which facilitates exchange on issues from www.rural-water-supply.net the use of mobile phone technology for water point mapping and ‘smart’ handpump monitoring, to broader issues such as country-led monitoring.

38 38 Water, sanitation & irrigation services in Africa and Asia Eight Swiss NGOs working together to better respond to the global water and sanitation crisis

In spite of the considerable progress accom- The added value of the consortium is the sharing plished globally in the last 20 years with of resources and know-how between the NGOs as regards to access to water and sanitation, well as synergies contributing to the scaling up of the situation is still dramatic in many regi- innovative approaches and best practices. ons of the world. The Swiss Water & Sanita- Region tion NGO Consortium was created as a new Africa, Asia form of cooperation in 2011 as a mechanism to massively improve water and sanitati- Partners on coverage and to trigger innovation and Caritas, Fastenopfer, HEKS- knowledge sharing as well as strengthening EPER, Helvetas, Solidar Swiss profile in advocacy and policy dialo- Suisse, Swissaid, Swiss Red gue. Cross, Terre des hommes Starting point and specificity of this project Background information The water and sanitation The Consortium organisations - HELVETAS Swiss situation is still dramatic Intercooperation, Caritas Switzerland, Terre des in many regions of the hommes, Swiss Red Cross, HEKS-EPER, Solidar Su- world. The Consortium isse, Swissaid, and Fastenopfer – have been working Expected output targets these countries and together since 2011. They target their know-how provides access to water, and resources to the most off-track countries and The second phase will allow to further extend ac- sanitation and water for the most marginalised populations with the aim to cess to water, sanitation and hygiene to approxi- family farming. make a significant difference in the living conditions mately 300’000 people in communities, 40’000 of those groups by improving access to drinking wa- school pupils, 300’000 health centre patients and Project objectives ter supply, sanitation and water for family farming. 10’000 small-scale farmers. Additionally, the second Increased and sustainable phase will put a particular weight on quality, accom- access to safe drinking The Consortium programme achieved significant re- panying for instance local government partners to water, adequate sanitati- sults in the first phase; even exceeding the expected strengthen their monitoring of coverage and func- on, improved hygiene, and results. Moreover, it also proved to be an appropria- tionality, and promoting good practices to improve water for family farming. te vehicle for mainstreaming innovations, replicating handwashing and water quality at point of use. This Increased knowledge and and scaling up promising approaches and facilita- is expected to enhance the sustainability and health expertise of NGOs and ting knowledge sharing. impact of the Consortium interventions. partner organisations as well as strengthening In order to reach a critical mass per country and in- In the second phase, the Consortium will put a Swiss profile in Advocacy crease opportunities for country-level collaboration stronger emphasis on policy development as a and Policy Dialogue. in the second Phase, the consortium decided to re- way to scale up promising approaches. This means duce the number of project countries from 16 to 10. among others creating the evidence base for sha- Beneficiaries Structured around three regions: French-speaking ping policies promoting in particular the realisation Households in rural areas Africa (Benin, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Togo), Ea- of the human right to water and sanitation and the and small towns, patients stern and Southern Africa (Ethiopia, Mozambique, development of local capacities as well as strengthe- of health centres, pupils, South Sudan) and Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal), the ning the civil society voice. The Consortium’s policy farmers, local associations Consortium initiative is implemented through 20 work particularly aims at linking local level imple- and governments. operational projects. mentation with national and regional/global policy development. Costs Total: CHF 19,750,000 SDC: CHF 14,335,000

Duration 07.2014 – 09.2017

39 Hand washing in Africa Hand washing behaviour change campaign designed by evidence and tailored to the target population

Diarrhoea kills around 2,000 children every day, which is more than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined. And yet simply giving your hands a good washing with soap con- stitutes a very effective way to counter these Country infections diseases. In rural and urban Zimb- Zimbabwe and Global abwe, SDC is active in promoting this practice by means of a large-scale awareness- Partners raising campaign involving all stakeholders Eawag, WASH United, from policy makers to care givers and pupils. ActionAid International Zimbabwe For most people, washing their hands with soap is common sense, but for many it is not an everyday Background information habit. Therefore the starting point of these cam- Hand washing with soap paigns is a good understanding of what are the cri- can dramatically cut the teria that determine the hand washing behaviours number of young children of the target populations in Zimbabwe. and people who get sick. The implementation of the campaigns is assured To achieve this goal, a unique approach is underta- an implementing agency based in Zimbabwe. The Project objectives ken based on a scientific model developed by the En- innovative aspects of the campaigns lay upon the • To have sustainable vironmental and Health Psychology group of Eawag: extensive use of media, the promotion by local and hand washing practices the “Risk, Attitude, Norms, Abilities & Self-regulati- national champions and the highlight of positive and to increase commit- on” model (RANAS). In a nutshell, this model allows messages of hand washing, showcasing values and ment and political will of analysing the risks perceived to contract a disease, symbols that are dear to the targeted population. national decision-makers the beliefs and feelings of changing the behaviour, Finally, an in-depth evaluation by Eawag assesses for hand washing with the cultural norms to be obeyed and the abilities/ the effectiveness of such evidence-based campaign. soap (including national commitments to change the behaviour. This process policy changes). assures that the populations are tackled regarding A series of innovative hand washing cam- • To disseminate the their unique motivations and not with irrelevant or paigns to exert a global influence results and use by global even counterproductive measures. Meanwhile, poli- WASH players around cy makers and national players are involved to fine- In 2013, SDC organized a first innovative hand wa- the world. tune a campaign tailored to the cultural and social shing campaign in India: this campaign was imple- context and define strategies to make those new mented on an unprecedented scale (more than 80 Beneficiaries hand washing behaviours durable. million people reached) and used both positive mes- • Rural and urban popu- sages and innovative communication channels, in- lation in Zimbabwe (1,5 cluding Bollywood actors and cricket stars as cham- million people) pions. • Decision makers • Global WASH commu- In order to develop a global product relevant in dif- nity ferent contexts, SDC launches two additional campaigns in Zimbabwe, one in a rural context (Districts Costs Zaka and Bikita), where little has been made so far CHF 1,650,000 with respect to hand washing awareness raising, and one in an urban context (Harare). Duration 01.2014 – 02.2017 ------Additional information www.eawag.ch/forschung/ess/gruppen/ehpsy/ index_EN www.wash-united.org www.actionaid.org/zimbabwe

40 Contribution to WaterLex Supporting the implementation of the Human Right to Water and Sanitation

WaterLex is a Geneva-based international WaterLex Operations Desk – Building the capa- membership association, established in 2010 city of practitioners to provide support to all water governance stakeholders in the implementation of and The WaterLex Operations Desk undertakes core compliance with the human right to water activities and delivers a range of products that are Region and sanitation (HR2WS). practical and that are able to overcome obstacles Global SDC supports WaterLex’s core budget. This that hinder making the HR2WS a reality for the poo- enables WaterLex to reinforce its position rest and most vulnerable citizens around the world. Partner as a specialist – and a facilitator – within WaterLex the global water agenda. The focus is on WaterLex activities include: the improvement of water related legal and • multi-stakeholder country water governance Background information policy frameworks. assessments; Strengthen the integration • multi-stakeholder workshops to draft National of legal frameworks regu- WaterLex is both an innovative legal incubator and a Action Plans and Strategies (e.g. in the field of lating water governance field-facilitator of water governance reforms. These decentralized water cooperation); to respond to global water two sides of the organization are reflected in the • the provision of targeted field assistance and governance challenges. two divisions that determine the staffing and the training to main water governance stakehol- activities: the Legal Desk and the Operations Desk. ders; Project objectives • the design of innovative education and capaci- Improve governance WaterLex Legal Desk – Providing quality legal ty-development materials, for example: a Tool- frameworks to secure the services kit on the human rights-based approach to in- realization of the human tegrated water resources management (IWRM), right to water and sani- WaterLex identified the harmonisation of existing a country mapping for Uganda on implementa- tation. law and policies governing water resources at in- tion and monitoring of the HR2WS, or activities ternational, regional and national levels as the high- to promote parliamentary action on water. Beneficiaries est priority. Therefore, to shape new ways of water Governments, Parliamenta- governance and to operationalise the human right ------rians, NHRIs, and non-state to water and sanitation, WaterLex established wor- Additional information: actors. king relationships with inter-governmental organi- www.waterlex.org sations, including UNECE, WHO, UNDP, UNEP and Costs UNESCO. CHF 200,000 WaterLex compiles, evaluates, designs and promo- Duration tes water laws and policies that comply with human 2016 - 2017 rights commitments of States through strategic projects such as: the Legal Database Initiative; its Parliamentarian HelpDesk; and the National Human Rights Institution (NHRI) Initiative.

41 Information management system on geogenic contaminants Groundwater Assessment Platform (GAP): Awareness creation and action to mitigate geogenic contamination in drinking water

An estimated 200 million people worldwi- special focus on the geogenic contaminants arsenic de, roughly 10% of those who use ground- and fluoride aims to fill these gaps. Central to GAP water for drinking, are exposed to elevated will be arsenic and fluoride hazard maps and tools concentrations of arsenic or fluoride (geo- to predict where geogenic contaminants may occur genic contaminants), whose health effects for areas that have not yet been comprehensively Region are severe. The Groundwater Assessment tested. GAP will allow users to Global; Burkina Faso, India Platform (GAP) is an online open-source • browse available data; data and information portal that will pro- • upload and perform data analysis in a protec- Partners vide decision makers with an interactive ted section; Eawag knowledge hub and source of expertise for • share and exchange water quality data and detailed analysis and recommendations for maps with other users, Background information action. • information exchange on mitigation activities. Globally, an estimated 200 million people drink Groundwater is generally seen as a safe alternati- Long-term sustainability and global reach will be en- groundwater contamina- ve to drinking untreated, microbially contaminated sured by active collaboration from the onset with ted with arsenic or fluori- surface water. However, around 10% of wells are WHO and other strategic partners. de. This project contributes contaminated with arsenic and fluoride that leach An integral part of GAP is to increase the capacity to awareness creation and into the groundwater from aquifer rocks and sedi- of potential users through coaching workshops. The improves capacities to plan ments. This causes severe health effects, particularly aim is to start with selected partners and expand to and manage mitigation for those with poor diets. Ingestion of excess arse- neighbouring countries. strategies. nic over long periods can result in various internal • In Burkina Faso some groundwater is conta- cancers amongst other conditions, while high levels minated with arsenic leached from mineralised Project objectives of fluoride are responsible for the development of zones in the bedrock. GAP is actively collabora- • A sustainably estab- dental and crippling skeletal fluorosis. ting with partners from research, government lished knowledge hub and NGOs to perform monitoring surveys, to for geogenic contamina- Developing countries may be significantly affected. manipulate and assess the data, to develop tion of drinking water While the most severely affected countries may have maps and develop a mitigation program. • Active use of the know- carried out comprehensive well screening programs, • In India fluoride contamination of groundwa- ledge hub. many have not, and where data does exist it is not ter used for drinking is extensive and many mil- • Long term sustainability always managed in an optimal manner. There are lions suffer from fluorosis. Despite the severity of the knowledge hub gaps in knowledge of potential arsenic and fluori- of the problem, states have been unwilling to de contamination, gaps in expertise to create and share information. The GAP team, together Beneficiaries manage data and gaps in opportunity to share and with national partners, will encourage informa- Government agencies, exchange information on mitigation strategies. tion exchange and support the use of GAP. NGOs, national/local ------water professionals, local The GAP, an online open-source data and informati- Additional information: population on portal for groundwater-related questions, with a www.gapmaps.org

Costs CHF 1,428,717

Duration 04.2014 – 04.2017

Figure 1: Arsenic hazard map showing the population density in regions where the probability of groundwater contamination with arsenic or fluoride is greater than 50%. The hazard map is underlain with country income levels.

42 Cutting-edge technologies in the water sector Swiss Bluetec Bridge: Swiss start-ups benefit disadvantaged populations

The challenges involving water are creating AquaNetto Group GmbH – Water kiosks for opportunities for cutting-edge technolo- northern Kenya gical innovation. The SDC‘s Swiss Bluetec Through the installation of water purification kiosks, Bridge initiative supports these innovations Aquanetto intends to deliver clean water sustainably to improve access to water for the poorest to improve the health and increase the overall stan- Region populations. dard of living of the population. Global Switzerland subsidises technological innovation in Swiss Intech Sarl – Pumpex for more efficient Partners the water sector, notably for fundamental research, water supply Strategos SA (project applied research and the creation of prototypes. Swiss Intech goal is to develop a market in the DRC manager), Cewas, Swiss New private sources of finance investing in areas for their very innovative solar pump through a net- start-ups and SMEs with high social, environmental and financial po- work of local partners. Their pump has a great potential are now emerging. But despite this favoura- tential to reduce water usage and fuel consumption Background information ble environment it is not always easy for innovative and the objective is to half the water supply price. More than a billion people projects to gain the necessary credibility to attract do not have access to drin- private investors. This is doubly true for technologies Ennos Gmbh – sunlight pump for smallholder king water. New technolo- that target the poorest populations. farmers gies rarely target the bot- The vision of Ennos is to supply a high quality pro- tom of the social pyramid. The goal of the SDC’s Swiss Bluetec Bridge initiative duct and make it accessible and affordable for small- Nevertheless, they may is to provide interest-free loans to start-ups and to holder farmers, offering extensive support and after play a key role in solving a small and medium-sized companies so that they can sales services to the customers to guarantee a pro- number of problems these gain the expertise that will enable them to receive ductive use of the technology for many years. populations face. private support. The first six projects which have been selected: Switzerland has cutting edge expertise in water Project objectives technology innovation. The start-ups and small and Facilitating access to drin- Swiss Fresh Water SA – Safe drinking water in medium-sized enterprises that entered Swiss Blue- king water for the poorest rural Senegal tec Bridge’s competition all demonstrated a clear sections of the population Swiss Fresh Water (SFW) is the first winner of the determination to benefit those at the bottom of the with the aid of innovative Swiss Bluetec Bridge. The company›s low-cost me- social pyramid and to respect the environment. The technologies by Swiss thod for desalinating salty or brackish water allows provision of large water purification plants is domi- start-ups and SMEs. the production of about 4’000 litres of drinking wa- nated by multinationals, but small-scale energy-sa- ter a day. It is designed to be easy to use, simple ving equipment still offers enormous development Target Groups to maintain and energy efficient. In January 2016, potential. • Poor & rural populations SFW was supplying through their kiosks more than in developing & emer- 70,000 persons/day in Senegal. ging countries • Local or regional opera- Weconnex AG (formerly Trunz Water Systems) tors & maintenance staff – Water Enterprise Development Nepal • Financiers & private Weconnex is installing three solar powered water investors purification units in the Nawalparasi district in Terai region of rural Nepal to test different business mo- Costs dels with the goal to provide a sustainable solution Budget Phase 2: to the treatment and provision of arsenic-contami- CHF 2,355,000 nated groundwater.

Duration NVTerra SA – Quality drinking water for Addah 05.2016 – 12.2019 Village, Ivory Coast In just a few hours, the Swiss Fresh Water team installs a machine in a water Based in Monthey (VS), the spin-off NVTerra is in- kiosk in Niakhar in Senegal. This machine enables the low-cost production of stalling a pilot water treatment unit based on filt- drinking water from unhealthy brackish water. (© Swiss Fresh Water) ration and electrolysis in Addah village in the Ivory ------Coast. The plant has a capacity of 100m3/day and Additional information will treat insalubrious water from a well, to be sold www.swissbluetecbridge.ch at affordable prices through village fountains and through ergonomic cans in the neighbourhood.

43 Scaling up safe water Market creation for safe drinking water technologies affordable to poor people

This project aims at disseminating safe water technologies to people living at the base of the (economic) pyramid. It facilitates the creation of viable supply chains and at the same times assures that the promoted solu- Country/Region tions are accessible to poor and vulnerable India, Cambodia, Pakistan, households. The experiences in the focus Guinea Conakry, Nepal countries are documented for diffusion and replication at global level. Partners Antenna Technologies Access to safe water can be improved through household water treatment and safe storage sys- Background information tems. However, it remains challenging to market Phase 2 of this project has safe water solutions to the “base of the pyramid” a strong focus on the reali- customers. The most promising approach to reach In addition, Antenna will cooperate with FANSA zation of the Human Right the 900 million people who drink polluted water is (Freshwater Action Network) and IRC (International to water and consolidates to combine social marketing (to create awareness) Water and Sanitation Centre), gathering synergies the promoted business and marketing (to disseminate the solutions). and know-how in Switzerland and abroad. Antenna models for scaling up and will analyse and document the business models in developing a global tool. In the first phase (2009-2013), Antenna partnered terms of social marketing. IRC will complement pro- with four local NGOs, which’s key task was to iden- ject activities with a monitoring and evaluation of Project objectives tify and define the delivery channels for household the business models through technical review, data To contribute to the water treatment and safe storage solutions to vul- collection and analysis, as well as support Antenna progressive realization of nerable populations in countries in Asia and Africa. to develop a Toolbox with practical materials and the human right to water Results are really positive and the inclusion of social guidelines for implementation. On the other side, in 5 developing countries enterprises has proved to increase impact. The pro- FANSA will be playing a main role in implementing a by the scaling up of the ject reaches now more than one million beneficia- lobbying platform in the chosen countries, but also application of Household ries and positive results for the poorest have been documenting the business models on their compli- Water Treatment Solutions observed. ance with Human Rights. for the people at the base of the pyramid. In this phase, the work on successful business mo------dels that are producing locally different household Additional information: Beneficiaries water treatment and safe storage products or ser- www.antenna.ch Poor urban and rural vices such as chlorination, filters or treated water communities in target will be continued. Different delivery channels to re- countries ach the most vulnerable people from the base of the pyramid have been developed and include: Costs • retail distribution (shops, service points, health CHF 1,590,100 posts, health care centres), • public water service providers/utilities, and Duration • private water service providers with a gap in 02.2014 – 02.2018 the “last miles distribution” (standpipes, kiosks, water tankers).

44 Scaling up productive water (small irrigation) Scaling Up of Productive Water for Irrigation - Phase II

The project aims at disseminating water efficient micro-irrigation technologies to smallholders by creating markets and supply chains with local retailers for low-pressure and affordable drip irrigation and other Country/Region water saving technologies, such as sprink- Nicaragua, Honduras, lers, storage tanks, treadle pumps and solar Burkina Faso, Kyrgyzstan / pumps. Tajikistan and Global Target groups are smallholder farmers that are provided with the necessary technical Partners support, agricultural know-how to utilize iDE these irrigation technologies in an efficient and sustainable manner. Background information Phase II consolidates the The agricultural sector needs to increase the effi- results achieved at regional cient use of water for food production, which ac- level and business models counts for 70% of the world’s water consumption. and aims at scaling-up Part of the solution for this global challenge consists the approach by partne- of affordable micro-irrigation technologies targeted ring with others, through at smallholder farmers that enable much more water experience exchange and efficient and sustainable cultivation methods. Drip knowledge sharing. irrigation for instance can save between 50-80% the project has set up a global supply initiative of water compared to flood or furrow irrigation. that allows sourcing technologies for partners and Project objectives Plantain farmers in Nicaragua use “only” 4.5 million external projects. To-date, this initiative has sold • Increased smallholder litres of water per Manzana (0.7 Has) compared to micro-irrigation products to more than 100 insti- income and water effici- over 9 million litres for sprinkler or flood irrigation. tutional and private partners in over 25 countries. ency at global scale. • Productive water During phase I, this project has introduced over In close cooperation with the School of Agricultu- technologies, water 25,000 farmers to affordable micro-irrigation tech- ral, Forest and Food Sciences (HAFL) in Bern, tools tools and market-based nologies and other methods to improve their water are developed for measuring the efficient use of dissemination approa- efficiency and increase water productivity in Central water such as (1) the water wheel for the optimal ches are replicated at America, West Africa and Asia and developed busi- irrigation of crops, (2) the water productivity tool to global scale. ness models. analyse water use at farm level and (3) the water • Regional initiatives grow availability tool that focuses at the watershed level. in scale and impact bey- The objective for phase II is to consolidate the supply ond the end of 2016. chains created and to make them economically vi- At regional level, the dissemination method follows able. Small and medium-sized enterprises and other a market creation approach of several steps: Step 1 Beneficiaries private actors are involved in these supply chains and 2 consist in demonstrating the technology and Farmers depending on as retailers, farm business advisors and manufac- involving early adopter farmers. Step 3 consists in water resources for their turers of drip systems. The project will also work on involving early majority farmers and making them agricultural production and the exchange of global best practices and replica- adopt the technology. Finally, Step 4 consists in in- livelihoods. ting market creation approaches and technologies volving retailers when a certain volume of sales is through various partnerships and alliances (with reached. Once smallholder farmers succeed in pro- Costs NGOs, international organizations, corporate so- ducing more crops, linking them to markets where CHF 4,500,000 cial responsibility initiatives, government programs they can profitably sell their produce is also crucial to and larger irrigation companies) and cooperates achieve sustainable change and therefore part of the Duration with them as their commercial focus is shifting from regional project activities. The process of creating 02.2014 – 12.2016 large and medium towards smallholder farmers. viable enterprises along the supply chain and sustainable value-chains requires 4 to 6 years, depending Furthermore, International Development Enterprises on the context. However, in the end it offers lasting (iDE) works on developing tools for implementing impact by generating higher yields and income for similar projects in other regions and knowledge smallholders, while at the same time significantly in- management at international level. In this regard, creasing water productivity in the agricultural sector.

45 Strengthening Agricultural Water Efficiency and Productivity Saving water and improving livelihoods by enhancing agricultural water efficiency and productivity in Africa

Enhancing agricultural water efficiency and productivity is imperative to mitigate water scarcity and to increase food security and income of small scale farmers in the developing world. Implemented through FAO and Country/Region the Agricultural Water Partnership for Afri- Burkina Faso, Morocco, ca, this project will establish evidence based Uganda policy, good practice and investment in sustainable agricultural water management On the practice level, relevant experts and exten- Partner in Burkina Faso, Morocco, Uganda and glo- sion agents in related ministries as well as farmers’ Food and Agriculture bally by linking catalytic activities to natio- representatives are trained on the use of tools to Organisation (FAO), Agri- nal and regional policy processes. enhance water productivity (AquaCrop), tools to im- cultural Water Partnership prove the performance of small scale irrigation sys- for Africa Agricultural water management in Africa tems (MASSCOTE) and methods to enhance water Africa is a rural continent where agriculture plays an harvesting. The project has a case study approach Background information important role in its social and economic develop- to apply the tools and methods on pilot sites. Once The agricultural sector is ment. Notwithstanding the importance of the sec- improvements on crop water productivity, water irri- the biggest user of water: tor, productivity levels are far from reaching its full gation efficiency and water harvesting are attained, it accounts for 70% of glo- potential. In rainfed areas, reliance on irregular and lessons learned and key results will be disseminated bal freshwater withdrawal. unreliable rainfall is one of the major causes behind to reach a wide community of small scale farmers. To avert a global water the low crop yields that characterize African agricul- crisis, agriculture has to ture. In irrigated areas, the lack of modern irrigation On the policy level, national water audits are con- produce more food with systems and the bad state of infrastructure lead to ducted: This detailed analysis of agricultural water less water. considerable water losses. This, coupled with inade- use and other water uses gives countries a baseline quate farming management practices, has resulted to adapt water policies and improve water manage- Project objectives in low water productivity and use efficiency in both ment plans. Findings of the case studies and the Agricultural water ma- irrigated and rainfed areas. water audits will result into revised AWM policies nagement is improved in Improved Agriculture Water Management (AWM) and also feed into the development of investment target countries and know- can play a key role in increasing water use effici- profiles and the formulation of bankable investment ledge is mainstreamed in ency and productivity. Within rainfed agriculture, projects. This intervention and scaling-up strategy is policy and practice on the AWM includes the more efficient use of soil moistu- shown in the figure below: African and global level. re, developing water harvesting capacity and using supplementary irrigation techniques. For irrigated Beneficiaries agriculture, improved AWM aims at reducing water Smallholder farmers, losses from drainage and non-productive evapora- extension agents, water tion. use planners and decision makers Mainstreaming improved agricultural water management in policy and practice Costs The project aims at reducing hunger and poverty in CHF 3,850,000 three African countries (Burkina Faso, Morocco and Uganda) by focusing on the improvement of AWM Duration and mainstreaming AWM in national frameworks 12.2014 – 11.2017 and processes. The project is in line with the objectives of the Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme (CAADP) of promoting agriculture growth on the African continent and in particular with its Pillar 1, that aims to extend the area under sustainable land management and reli------able water control systems. Additional information: The intervention approach is to work closely with www.fao.org/nr/water/agwa relevant government officials, extension agents, research institutions and farmer representatives:

46 47 Objective 4: Swiss Voice

Maintain and strengthen the know-how of Swiss players active in the water sector and mobilize them to position Switzerland at the forefront of the international water challenges.

Swiss Voice

• Solidarit`eau Suisse • The Swiss Water Partnership

48 Solidarit’eau suisse Swiss communes improve access to water in countries of the South

In developing countries, municipalities and Goals water utilities can play a key role in mobilizing additional finance and know-how • Leverage additional funds, capacity and know- for improved water supply and sanitation how into the water and sanitation sector to services through decentralized solidarity contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Region mechanisms. By strengthening the platform Development Goal (SDG) No. 6. Global Solidarit’eau suisse, this project enables • Establish and test a voluntary integrated sam- communes and other local authorities in pling system (solidarity coin) with at least two Partners Switzerland to consult a list of projects and, Swiss water utilities. BHP - Brugger and Part- if they want to become more involved, make • Facilitate at least one new public-public partners Ltd. contact with partners abroad. nership between a Swiss water utility and a water utility in a developing country. Background information Decentralized solidarity mechanisms are not used on Around 660 million people a large scale and perform way below their potential. Results from previous phases do not have access to an Solidarit’eau suisse is helping to remedy this situa- improved drinking water tion in the case of Switzerland. Swiss non-govern- • Since its foundation in 2007, Solidarit’eau su- source and 2.4 billion lack mental organisations present their projects on the isse has raised CHF 5 million in contributions access to basic sanitation. Solidarit›eau suisse website so that partners intere- from 130 municipalities and water utilities. sted in funding them can get an overall picture of • About 1 Million people have gained access to Project target the work being done, with ongoing updates. All the improved drinking water sources and sanitation 1. Increase public awa- projects presented online have first been assessed thanks to project contributions via Solidarit’eau reness in Switzerland for quality by independent experts. The NGOs re- suisse. of drinking water and sponsible for implementing the projects cover all sanitation challenges in the administrative costs. This means that every franc ------poorer countries, resul- invested by a Solidarit’eau partner in Switzerland is Additional information: ting in contributions to spent directly in helping the project beneficiaries. www.solidariteausuisse.ch projects that address the problem effectively. 2. Solidarit’eau suisse is evaluated by an external agency and its structure realigned to lower its financial dependence on the SDC.

Beneficiaries People without access to improved drinking water and sanitation facilities or with access to only unim- proved drinking water and sanitation facilities.

Costs Total: approx. CHF 3,000,000 SDC: CHF 565,000

Duration 01.2016 – 12.2018

49 Swiss Water Voice The Swiss Water Partnership

Water is a vital resource for human deve- Shared values lopment. The SWP was created after ack- nowledging that Switzerland is indeed rich The SWP members have agreed upon the following in water resources, but more than eigh- shared values: ty percent of fresh water used to produce • SOLIDARITY Country goods and services consumed in Switzer- Switzerland has privileged access to water resources. Switzerland land is sourced from other countries. Swit- Unfortunately not everybody is in such a privileged zerland has therefore an interest, and the situation and showing solidarity and supporting the Partners moral obligation, to assist countries with less less privileged in getting universal access to safe wa- HELVETAS Swiss Interco- favorable conditions and to address current ter, sanitation and hygiene and manage their water operation (Secretariat), 74 global water challenges. resources in an integrated and sustainable manner is SWP members at the core of SWP’s activities. The SWP brings together relevant Swiss stakehol- • INTEGRITY Background information ders active in the international water sector, with Water projects need to be managed in an integer The SWP is a Swiss non- the aim to ensure that the members and their part- way, assuring transparency, accountability and par- profit association founded ners abroad contribute in a coordinated and effec- ticipation of the civil society and thereby assure ow- in 2012 and regroups the tive way to promote: nership and sustainability. main Swiss stakeholders • sustainable and equitable use of water resour- working on global water ces; Guiding principles challenges. • sustainable provision of universal access to drinking water and sanitation for all citizens; The activities of the platform is guided by the follo- Project objectives • sustainable and equitable management of eco- wing principles: Bring together relevant systems, including water, food and energy pro- • Non-partisan stakeholders to promote a duction aspects; • Evidence-based sustainable and equitable • mitigation and adaptation to prevent natural • Information transparency use and management of hazards; water resources and uni- • Swiss knowhow and experiences in addressing The functioning of the SWP implies to gather all versal access to water and the above-mentioned challenges; water sector stakeholders for a constructive cross sanitation. particularly by working together in preparing and sector dialogue and to take into account the per- implementing major international processes and spectives of the members’ partners in developing Beneficiaries events. countries. The Charter, signed by all members, is a Water decision & policy binding document to ensure respect of these values makers, water users, aca- Specific Objectives and principles link to charter and statutes. demic sector, civil society, private sector etc. 1. DYNAMIC LEARNING SWP allows its members to meet, exchange in- Costs formation on their activities and on internatio- CHF 950,000 nal initiatives in the water sector and to share knowledge. It creates a space develop new ide- Duration as and solutions building up on the diversity of 08.2015 – 12.2018 the SWP members’ skills and experience. 2. STRONG SWISS VOICE The Swiss knowhow, solutions and research on water are widely recognized due to a better coordination of the Swiss stakeholders at international level. ------3. WATER DIALOGUE Additional information: SWP members contribute to shaping water www.swisswaterpartnership.ch policies in accordance to the goals of the SWP Statutes (such as sustainable universal access to drinking water and sanitation).

50 51 Contact:

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SDC Directorate Global Cooperation Global Programme Water Freiburgstrasse 130, CH – 3003 Bern Tel: +41 58 462 31 07 [email protected] www.sdc.ch / www.sdc-water.ch

June 2016