DOCSLIB.ORG

The Village, the State, and Amerindian Shamanic Thought: Becoming Makushi in the Hinterland of Guyana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Village, the State, and Amerindian Shamanic Thought: Becoming Makushi in the Hinterland of Guyana THE VILLAGE, THE STATE, AND AMERINDIAN SHAMANIC THOUGHT: BECOMING MAKUSHI IN THE HINTERLAND OF GUYANA Lucas Carneiro de Carvalho Charlottesville, Virginia M.A. Anthropology, University of Virginia, 2011 M.A. Socio-Cultural Anthropology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008 B.A. Social Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2005 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Virginia April, 2016 Copyright by Lucas Carneiro de Carvalho All rights reserved April 2016 II THE VILLAGE, THE STATE, AND AMERINDIAN SHAMANIC THOUGHT: BECOMING MAKUSHI IN THE HINTERLAND OF GUYANA Lucas Carneiro de Carvalho Charlottesville, Virginia M.A. Anthropology, University of Virginia, 2011 M.A. Socio-Cultural Anthropology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008 B.A. Social Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2005 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Virginia __________________________ __________________________ George Mentore, Ph.D. Roy Wagner, Ph.D. Department of Anthropology Department of Anthropology Advisory Committee Chair __________________________ __________________________ Richard Handler, Ph.D. Allison Bigelow, Ph.D. Department of Anthropology Department of Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese April, 2016 III IV Abstract This dissertation presents a comparison between the cul- tural representations of Coastlanders and Amerindians in Guyana. This is done by contrasting Makushi practices and understandings of sociality, politics, violence, and the power to kill with non-Amerindian practices and understandings. The dissertation presents a series of episodes to illustrate the differences and similarities between these two systems. In these episodes, themes such as group identity, leadership, politics, kinship, development, shamanism, and death and violence are presented and discussed. Moreover, the dissertation explores the underly- ing Makushi aesthetics of being, together with the intricacies of their shamanic thought, in order to compare and contrast the differences between Makushi and Coastlander cultural represen- tations of violence and the power to kill. V Acknowledgments After seven years working on my Ph.D., I can finally acknowledge all of the people who helped me along the way. The most important mentions go to my Makushi brothers and sisters, my in-laws, and all the youmbayamî I made along the way in the many months I lived in the Rupununi region of Guyana and in Roraima, Brazil. In Lethem, I would like to thank Dayan, Tamsin, Zayna, and Kalen. A special thanks to Guy, Andrew, Walter, Ro- land, Allamed, Padmine, Maribeth, and Dexter for their patience and for welcoming me into their family, their households, and their village. My dearest Makushi parents Leo and Rufina ac- cepted me as a son, and taught me how to be a real person, a real human being. Living among the Makushi, laughing, gaffing, and also crying with them changed me in such deep and profound ways that all the changes are still not clear to me. I feel in my heart that the experience changed me to be better and to do better towards others. Other important people that I leave many thanks to for helping me while in Georgetown, Guyana, are the staff from the Walter Roth National Museum of Anthropology. These are Jennifer Wishart, Shebana Daniels, and Louisa Daggers. From Boa Vista, I want to acknowledge the encouragement and support of Alexandro Machado Namem. At the University of Virginia, I am grateful for VI the classes, workshops, and stimulating conversations with fac- ulty and students. Among the faculty, I would like to thank Ira Bashkow, Allison Bigelow, Eve Danziger, Fred Damon, James Igoe, Adria LaViolette, Susan McKinnon, Peter Metcalf, Brian Owensby, Edith Turner, and Kath Weston. I am extremely grateful to my amazing graduate committee formed by George Mentore, Roy Wagner, and Richard Handler. They offered me all the support I needed, but also provided me the intellectual freedom to trace my own path. A special thank you goes out to my committee chair, George Mentore. Witnessing not only George’s passion for good anthropology, but also his re- spect and compassion for Indigenous Peoples has been moving. His engagement with critical theory has been an inspiration to me, and hope I can be at least a fraction of the scholar that he hopes for me to become. I also would like to thank my classmates and colleagues in the Department of Anthropology who, in one way or another, also helped shape my research and dissertation. They are: Lydia Rodríguez, Rose Wellman, Nathalie Nahas, Nathan Hedges, Patricia Sánchez Bao, Giancarlo Rolando, Alessandro Questa, Jacqueline Cieslak, Allison Broach, Jessica Boynton, Kyle Edwards, Beth Hart, Grace Reynolds, Dionisios Kavadias, David Flood, Erika Brant, Dannah Dennis, Carolyn Howarter, Susan Palazzo, Harri VII Siikala, and Julie Starr. Among my peers, Yu-Chien Huang de- serves special mention for battling through and managing to read and give me a great deal of constructive criticism on previous versions of some dissertation chapters. My most important acknowledgment goes to my wife, Julie. She supported me emotionally throughout the ups and down of graduate student life, she was my shelter and safe haven in this weird world that is the U.S., and she even quit her job to accompany me during part of my field research in Guyana. It is because of her unconditional love and generosity that I was able to make it to the sunny afternoon on which I wrote this acknowl- edgment. And it is to her whom I dedicate this dissertation. We make a great research team and partners in life. I feel that now life has just begun once again, and we are headed into another journey of an entirely different sort. VIII Note on Pronunciation The phones present in the Makushi language are: Consonants: p t k Ž (') s m n ř (r) w Ø (y) Vowels: a e i o u î (î) Source: South American Phonological Inventory Database (2014); Miriam About (1976;1991). IX Table of Contents Abstract..................................................... V Acknowledgments............................................. VI Note on Pronunciation....................................... IX Introduction................................................. 1 Research Problem ........................................ 4 Field Research .......................................... 7 Organization of Chapters ................................ 7 Chapter One: Village Politics............................... 11 Introduction ........................................... 11 General Village Meeting in Tunaîmî ..................... 12 Tunaîmî ................................................ 49 The School ............................................. 53 Village Cattle ......................................... 61 Hot Meal Project ....................................... 63 Outside Money Logic .................................... 67 The Water Project ...................................... 71 The Village Tractor .................................... 74 Historical Context ..................................... 76 Final Remarks .......................................... 82 Chapter Two: Amerindian Act................................. 83 Introduction ........................................... 83 Modernity in Guyana .................................... 85 Guyana Regional Politics ............................... 93 X Amerindians and the Hinterlands ........................ 97 Sparse Presence of Government ......................... 100 Venezuela’s Claim and the Rupununi Uprising ........... 102 Amerindian Act and the Problem of Mediation ........... 106 Amerindians through a Legal Lens ...................... 109 Historical Demographic Changes ........................ 122 Satellite Villages .................................... 125 Governmental Control of Resources ..................... 127 Movement of Amerindians ............................... 137 Political Representation .............................. 143 Makushi Aesthetics of Being ........................... 144 Kinds of People ....................................... 148 Politics and Kinship .................................. 153 Losing Face ........................................... 157 Deconstructing the Individual ......................... 159 Land Demarcation ...................................... 163 Final Remarks ......................................... 166 Chapter Three: Tunaîmî Pantoni. Pata Pantoni............... 168 Introduction .......................................... 168 The One Next to God ................................... 171 The Journey ........................................... 173 Sacred Heart Hill ..................................... 174 Frog in a Jar ......................................... 175 The Cheating Wife and the Jealous Husband ............. 178 XI The Smell of Spirits .................................. 179 From Place to Place ................................... 185 Chapter Four: Dark and Light Shamans....................... 193 Introduction .......................................... 193 Rupununi Cattle ....................................... 199 Village Leader ........................................ 201 Conquering Souls ...................................... 204 Entrenchment .......................................... 209 Bichiwung - The One Who Met God ......................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Can Money Whiten? Exploring Race Practice in Colonial Venezuela and Its Implications for Contemporary Race Discourse
    Michigan Journal of Race and Law Volume 3 1998 Can Money Whiten? Exploring Race Practice in Colonial Venezuela and Its Implications for Contemporary Race Discourse Estelle T. Lau State University of New York at Buffalo Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, Law and Race Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Legal History Commons Recommended Citation Estelle T. Lau, Can Money Whiten? Exploring Race Practice in Colonial Venezuela and Its Implications for Contemporary Race Discourse, 3 MICH. J. RACE & L. 417 (1998). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl/vol3/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Journal of Race and Law by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CAN MONEY WHITEN? EXPLORING RACE PRACTICE IN COLONIAL VENEZUELA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY RACE DISCOURSE Estelle T. Lau* The Gracias al Sacar, a fascinating and seemingly inconceivable practice in eighteenth century colonial Venezuela, allowed certain individuals of mixed Black and White ancestry to purchase "Whiteness" from their King. The author exposes the irony of this system, developed in a society obsessed with "natural" ordering that labeled individuals according to their precise racial ancestry. While recognizing that the Gracias al Sacar provided opportunities for advancement and an avenue for material and social struggle, the author argues that it also justified the persistence of racial hierarchy.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation of Venezuelans Who Have Returned and Are Trying to Return to Their Country in the Context of Covid-19
    SITUATION OF VENEZUELANS WHO HAVE RETURNED AND ARE TRYING TO RETURN TO THEIR COUNTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 SEPTEMBER 2020 OFFICE TO ADDRESS THE CRISIS OF VENEZUELAN MIGRANTS AND REFUGEES OF THE OAS GENERAL SECRETARIAT SITUATION OF VENEZUELANS WHO HAVE RETURNED AND ARE TRYING TO RETURN TO THEIR COUNTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 OAS General Secretariat Office to Address the Crisis of Venezuelan Migrants and Refugees of the OAS General Secretariat ([email protected]) María Fernanda López Luisa Marín Ernesto Romero David Smolansky Contributors: Valery Fierro Valentina Vethencourt Cover photograph: María Elisa Ramírez © (2020) Organization of American States. All rights reserved under the International and Pan-American Convention. Reproduction and citation of its content is authorized provided the source is cited. SITUATION OF VENEZUELANS WHO HAVE RETURNED AND ARE TRYING TO RETURN TO THEIR COUNTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 The absence of a democratic system, systematic human rights violations, food shortages, precarious health systems, the electricity crisis, widespread violence and economic collapse are some of the main causes that have led to more than 5.200.000 Venezuelans1, (including pregnant women, children, adolescents, people with disabilities and the elderly) being forced to flee their country since 2015. The Venezuelan migration crisis has generated enormous challenges for transit and receiving countries which, with the support of the international community and civil society organizations, have made every effort to guarantee the free enjoyment and exercise of the human rights of Venezuelan migrants and refugees, observing jus cogens and working to ensure the full dignity and non-discrimination of this population, which is in a situation of manifest weakness.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteria Associated to Human Saliva Are Major Microbial Components of Ecuadorian Indigenous Beers
    A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in PeerJ on 28 April 2016. View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/1962), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. Freire AL, Zapata S, Mosquera J, Mejia ML, Trueba G. 2016. Bacteria associated with human saliva are major microbial components of Ecuadorian indigenous beers (chicha) PeerJ 4:e1962 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1962 1 Bacteria associated to human saliva are major microbial components of Ecuadorian 2 indigenous beers (chicha) 3 4 Ana L. Freire1, Sonia Zapata1, Juan Mosquera1 Maria Lorena Mejia 1, and Gabriel 5 Trueba1 6 1 Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador. 7 8 Subjects: Food Microbiology, Anthropology 9 Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria, indigenous beer, fermentation, cassava, chicha, Ecuador, 10 microbiota, indigenous beer, Streptococcus salivarius, artisanal fermented beverages, Streptococcus 11 mutans, fermented cassava, lactic acid bacteria, saliva, chewed indigenous beer 12 13 Corresponding autor: Gabriel Trueba, [email protected] PeerJ Preprints | https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1520v2 | CC-BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 28 Feb 2016, publ: 28 Feb 2016 14 ABSTRACT 15 Indigenous beers (chicha) are part of the indigenous culture in Ecuador. The 16 fermentation process of these beers rely probably on microorganisms from: fermenting 17 substrates, environment and human microbiota. We analyzed the microbiota of artisanal beers 18 (including a type of beer produced after chewing boiled cassava) using bacterial culture and 19 16S-based tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing (bTEFAP). Surprisingly, we found 20 that Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mutans (part of the human oral microbiota) 21 where among the most abundant bacteria in chewed cassava and in non-chewed cassava 22 beers.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity Among Makushi Amerindians of Guyana (South America)
    Journal of Ethnobiology 20(2): 239-265 Winter 2000 PERCEPTION AND MANAGEMENT OF CASSAVA (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ) DIVERSITY AMONG MAKUSHI AMERINDIANS OF GUYANA (SOUTH AMERICA) MARIANNE ELIAS cefe-wrs 1919 R01lte de Mende MOIl/peI/ier cedex 5, Ftance LAURA RIVAL Depnrtlllel/t ofAnthropology Eliot College, University of Ken/ Callterbury, Ken/ en 7NS, Ullited Kingdom DOYLE MCKEY cefe-cllrs 1919 Route de Mende MOIl/pellier cedex 5, ~'/allce ABSTRACT.-This article presents the ways in which Makushi subsistence economy and its farming practices, food preparations, cultural knowl.edge and social processes have all played a role in bringing cassava varietal and genetic diversity into existence. After comparing cassava varietal dh'ersity among the Makushi of Guyana with thai found in the rest of Amazonia, the authors discuss the genetic implications of traditional management and show that eV'Jlution in populations of domesticated cassava results from the combined action of natural and human selection. Various socio-cultural factors exercising sel~tive pressure, in particular the exchange of planting material between f<1fmers and the conceptual opposition of seedlings and plants coming from vegetative propagMion, are examined. The approach adopted, which integrates indigenous 'botanical knowledge, elements of pl.lnt genetics and ecology, emphasises that diversity cannot be reduced to a finite stock of well defined, separate entities called varieties, but is, rather, a fluid and evolving process by which farm-grown varieties are continuously gained and lost. Key words: Cassava, Manihot esclllflfla, Makushi Amerindians, Guyana, traditional agriculture RESUMEN.-Esle articulo presenta la manera en que la c<onomia desu'bsistencia de los Malushi y las practicas de eultivo, la preparaei6n de las comidas, el conocimientocultural y los mccanismos sociales han contribuidoa una irnportantt> diversidad genetica y varietal de la yuca.
    [Show full text]
  • Doralzuelan: an Emerging Identity of the Venezuelan Immigrant in Southern Florida
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ASU Digital Repository Doralzuelan: An Emerging Identity of the Venezuelan Immigrant in Southern Florida by Blanca Romero Pino A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Approved June 2018 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Karen Adams, Chair Matthew Prior Doris Warriner ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY August 2018 ABSTRACT The steady influx of Venezuelan immigrants to the United States has resulted in the creation of a close-knit community of these immigrants in the city of Doral, Florida, now nicknamed Doralzuela given the strong imprint Venezuelan have left in this city. This study aimed at gaining understanding on how the process of immigration and settlement in the context has affected Venezuelan immigrants’ identity, their perception and use of English and Spanish in daily interactions, and how, or if, their bonds with the home country has affected their incorporation to the host society. The study followed a qualitative design. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed following Riessman’s (2008) notion of dialogic narrative analysis. Six themes emerged from the data; (re)configuration of the self, the role of social networks, negotiating identity through language, issues of assimilation, transnational identity, and Doralzuela, the new Venezuela. These themes were discussed, and multiple and distinct views on each theme were identified. i DEDICATION To my family, for giving me their unconditional love To Shea, for being my rock To Venezuela, for being my source of inspiration ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I owe my eternal gratitude to so many people who have helped me, not on the completion of this thesis, but throughout my entire master’s program.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorandum of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on The
    Memorandum of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on the Application filed before the International Court of Justice by the Cooperative of Guyana on March 29th, 2018 ANNEX Table of Contents I. Venezuela’s territorial claim and process of decolonization of the British Guyana, 1961-1965 ................................................................... 3 II. London Conference, December 9th-10th, 1965………………………15 III. Geneva Conference, February 16th-17th, 1966………………………20 IV. Intervention of Minister Iribarren Borges on the Geneva Agreement at the National Congress, March 17th, 1966……………………………25 V. The recognition of Guyana by Venezuela, May 1966 ........................ 37 VI. Mixed Commission, 1966-1970 .......................................................... 41 VII. The Protocol of Port of Spain, 1970-1982 .......................................... 49 VIII. Reactivation of the Geneva Agreement: election of means of settlement by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1982-198371 IX. The choice of Good Offices, 1983-1989 ............................................. 83 X. The process of Good Offices, 1989-2014 ........................................... 87 XI. Work Plan Proposal: Process of good offices in the border dispute between Guyana and Venezuela, 2013 ............................................. 116 XII. Events leading to the communiqué of the UN Secretary-General of January 30th, 2018 (2014-2018) ....................................................... 118 2 I. Venezuela’s territorial claim and Process of decolonization
    [Show full text]
  • Jurisprudence and Land Conflict in the Process of Demarcation of the Indigenous Reserve Raposa Serra Do Sol
    JURISPRUDENCE AND LAND CONFLICT IN THE PROCESS OF DEMARCATION OF THE INDIGENOUS RESERVE RAPOSA SERRA DO SOL José de Arimateia Barbosa ([email protected]), Ariane Silva Barbosa ([email protected]), Rui Barbosa Netto([email protected]), Delaíde Silva Passos ([email protected]) BRAZIL 1. INDIGENOUS RESERVE RAPOSA SERRA DO SOL: Source: UOL, 2009 INDIGENOUS RESERVE RAPOSA SERRA DO SOL: Source: LIMA, 2018 INDIGENOUS RESERVE RAPOSA SERRA DO SOL Area 1.7 million hectares of continuous area Population About 20 thousand Indians Indigenous Peoples Makuxi, Uapixana, Ingaricó, Taurepangue, and Patamona Borders countries Venezuela and Guyana Graph 1: Population Indigenous Land Raposa Serra do Sol 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1993 1994 1999 2006 2007 2008 2010 2012 2015 Source: Instituto Socioambiental (ISA), 2018. Graph 2: Raposa Serra do Sol Indian Land in the total area 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Normandia Pacaraima Uiramutã Source: Instituto Socioambiental (ISA), 2018. Graph 3: Total Deforested Area of Indigenous Land per year 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 2017 Table 1 – Indigeneous Organizatoin in Raposa Serra do Sol Name SIGLA Aliança para a Integração e Desenvolvimento das Comunidades ALIDCIRR Indígenas de Roraima Associação Agropecuária da Região Central Água Fria AARCAF Associação dos Povos Indígenas de Roraima APIRR Associação Regional Indígena do Rio Kinô, Cotingo e Monte
    [Show full text]
  • Venezuelan Migration, Crime, and Misperceptions: a Review of Data from Colombia, Peru, and Chile
    Venezuelan Migration, Crime, and ISSUE BRIEF Misperceptions A Review of Data from Colombia, Peru, and Chile SEPTEMBER 2020 BY DANY BAHAR, MEAGAN DOOLEY, AND ANDREW SELEE allow for this to be done in exactly the same way in Executive Summary all three countries). The sudden, large-scale movement of nearly 5.2 For the most part, analysis of data from 2019 sug- million Venezuelans out of their country, most since gests that Venezuelan immigrants commit substan- 2014, with more than 4.2 million of them settling in tially fewer crimes than the native born, relative to other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, their share in the overall population, signaling that has raised concerns about how this is affecting re- public perceptions on newcomers driving up crime ceiving communities, with some politicians and pun- rates are misleading. dits claiming that these new arrivals are leading to a rise in crime. Yet few studies have been conducted In Chile, for example, only 0.7 percent of people in- in the region that examine whether and what type dicted for crimes in 2019 were Venezuelan nationals, of link may exist between immigration and crime, in even though Venezuelans made up 2.4 percent of part because immigration at this scale is a relatively the population. Similarly, in Peru, where this analysis uses imprisonment data as a proxy for crime rates, new phenomenon in most Latin American countries, 1.3 percent of those in prison were foreign born—of and this particular mass migration is so recent.1 any nationality—as of 2019, whereas Venezuelan na- This issue brief explores data in the three countries tionals make up 2.9 percent of the country’s overall population.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 Version Available for Download From
    Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/ris/key_ris_index.htm. Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 14, 3rd edition). A 4th edition of the Handbook is in preparation and will be available in 2009. 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. DD MM YY Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro - Bióloga - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) Designation date Site Reference Number 99136-0940. Antonio Lisboa - Geógrafo - MSc. Biogeografia - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) 99137-1192. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio Rua Alfredo Cruz, 283, Centro, Boa Vista -RR. CEP: 69.301-140 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Race, Gender, and Environmental Ethics in Contemporary Caribbean Women's Literature Debbie-Ann Morrison University of Miami, [email protected]
    University of Miami Scholarly Repository Open Access Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2012-04-25 Ecowomanist Endeavors: Race, Gender, and Environmental Ethics in Contemporary Caribbean Women's Literature Debbie-Ann Morrison University of Miami, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations Recommended Citation Morrison, Debbie-Ann, "Ecowomanist Endeavors: Race, Gender, and Environmental Ethics in Contemporary Caribbean Women's Literature" (2012). Open Access Dissertations. 764. https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/764 This Open access is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Scholarly Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI ECOWOMANIST ENDEAVORS: RACE, GENDER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN CONTEMPORARY CARIBBEAN WOMEN'S LITERATURE By Debbie-Ann C. Morrison A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Miami in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Coral Gables, Florida May 2012 ©2012 Debbie-Ann C. Morrison All Rights Reserved UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ECOWOMANIST ENDEAVORS: RACE, GENDER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN CONTEMPORARY CARIBBEAN WOMEN’S LITERATURE Debbie-Ann C. Morrison Approved: ________________ _________________ Sandra Pouchet Paquet, Ph.D. Terri A. Scandura, Ph.D. Professor Emerita, English Dean of the Graduate School ________________ _________________ Brenna Munro, Ph.D. Patricia Saunders, Ph.D. Professor of English Professor of English ________________ Joni Adamson, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Society of America Bulletin
    Downloaded from gsabulletin.gsapubs.org on February 6, 2012 Geological Society of America Bulletin Sediment production and delivery in the Amazon River basin quantified by in situ −produced cosmogenic nuclides and recent river loads Hella Wittmann, Friedhelm von Blanckenburg, Laurence Maurice, Jean-Loup Guyot, Naziano Filizola and Peter W. Kubik Geological Society of America Bulletin 2011;123, no. 5-6;934-950 doi: 10.1130/B30317.1 Email alerting services click www.gsapubs.org/cgi/alerts to receive free e-mail alerts when new articles cite this article Subscribe click www.gsapubs.org/subscriptions/ to subscribe to Geological Society of America Bulletin Permission request click http://www.geosociety.org/pubs/copyrt.htm#gsa to contact GSA Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in subsequent works and to make unlimited copies of items in GSA's journals for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education and science. This file may not be posted to any Web site, but authors may post the abstracts only of their articles on their own or their organization's Web site providing the posting includes a reference to the article's full citation. GSA provides this and other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect official positions of the Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of the Amazon Tributaries on Major Flood in Óbidos
    Impact of the Amazon tributaries on major flood in Óbidos Josyane Ronchail, Jean-Loup Guyot, Jhan Carlo Espinoza Villar, Pascal Fraizy, Gérard Cochonneau, Juan Ordenez To cite this version: Josyane Ronchail, Jean-Loup Guyot, Jhan Carlo Espinoza Villar, Pascal Fraizy, Gérard Cochonneau, et al.. Impact of the Amazon tributaries on major flood in Óbidos. Procceedings of the Fifth FRIEND World Conference held at Havana, Cuba, November 2006), IAHS Publ. 308, 2006, 220-225, 2006. hal- 02987838 HAL Id: hal-02987838 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02987838 Submitted on 4 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Impact of the Amazon tributaries on major flood in Óbidos JOSYANE RONCHAIL Université Paris 7- Denis Diderot and Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat (LOCEAN-IPSL), case 100, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris-France e-mail: [email protected] JEAN-LOUP GUYOT, JHAN CARLO ESPINOZA VILLAR, PASCAL FRAIZY Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and Universidad Agraria La Molina, casilla 18 1209, Lima 18, Peru. GERARD
    [Show full text]