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TheThe AmericanAmerican GARDENERGARDENER® TheTheT he MagazineMagazineMagazine ofof thethe AAmericanmerican HorticulturalHorticultural SocietySocietySociety JanuaryJanuaryJanuary // FebruaryFebruaryFebruary 201322013 fashionable Currants NewNew PlantsPlants forfor 2013 KellyKelly Griffin: Master Hybridizer of Succulents ChelseaChelsea FlowerFlower ShowShow CelebratesCelebrates 100100 YearsYears contents Volume 92, Number 1 . January / February 2013 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 members’ forum 8 NEWS FROM THE AHS The American Horticultural Society celebrates 40th anniversary at River Farm, 2013 seed exchange catalog available for members, 2013 AHS Travel Study Program destinations, new AHS website launching soon, register your community for 2013 America in Bloom competition. 12 AHS MEMBERS MAKING A DIFFERENCE Russell Studebaker. 42 HOMEGROWN HARVEST Fresh figs can’t be beat. page 14 44 GARDEN SOLUTIONS Success with seeds. gardener’s notebook 14 NEW FOR 2013 by mary yee 46 Downy mildew epidemic strikes impatiens Our annual look at some of the new plants that will be available in 2012, renewable energy facilities may for home gardens this spring. threaten native plants, western wildfire recovery slowed by seed shortages, why 20 KELLY GRIFFIN page 20page 20 plant-eating insects are important, new by nan sterman fern genus named for pop star, Lady Bird Johnson featured on postage stamp, Jeffrey If you’ve purchased a colorful Downing is new director for Mt. Cuba succulent recently, it might well Center, High Country Gardens closes. be one introduced by this prolific Green Garage: Tools for winter gardening. California-based hybridizer. 52 BOOK REVIEWS 26 CHELSEA TURNS 100 by marty wingate Beautiful No-Mow Yards, Lawn Gone! and The grand dame of flower shows, located in London, celebrates Why Grow That When You Can Grow This? a century of showcasing gardening at its finest. Special focus: Garden biographies and memoirs. 32 TRUE TO SEED by graham rice 54 REGIONAL HAPPENINGS When growing plants from seed, it’s important to understand that not all seeds produce plants that resemble their parents. 57 2013 SEED EXCHANGE LIST 61 HARDINESS AND HEAT ZONES 37 A NEW ERA FOR CURRANTS by jo ann gardner AND PRONUNCIATIONS Attractive and tasty currants are gaining popularity in the edible 62 PLANT IN THE SPOTLIGHT landscape. Flannel bush. On THe COveR: Red-flowering currant(Ribes sanguineum) is an early-blooming species native from TOP: COURTESY OF TERRA NOVA NURSERIES. BOTTOM: NAN STERMAN. the coast of British Columbia to central California. Photograph by Mark Turner January / February 2013 3 AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 1,3/)2321+$-. Making America a Nation of Gardeners, a Land of Gardens ,1/+$&'/&1-'3,$+2/ Board of Directors CHAIR Harry A. Rissetto, Esq. Falls Church, Virginia FIRST VICE CHAIRMAN Jane Diamantis McDonald, Tennessee SECOND VICE CHAIRMAN Mary Pat Matheson Atlanta, Georgia SECRETARY Leslie Ariail Alexandria, Virginia TREASURER J. Landon Reeve, IV Woodbine, Maryland IMMEDIATE PAST CHAIR Susie Usrey Dayton, Oregon EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Henrietta Burke Alexandria, Virginia Sandra Address Chevy Chase, Maryland Q Sally Spangler Barnett Jacksonville, Florida Q Amy Bolton Falls Church, Virginia Skipp Calvert Alexandria, Virginia Q Joel Goldsmith Gilroy, California Q Mary Huddleston Dallas, Texas Shirley Nicolai Ft. Washington, Maryland Q Ed Snodgrass Street, Maryland Q Marcia Zech Mercer Island, Washington EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Tom Underwood PRESIDENT EMERITUS Katy Moss Warner President’s Council The President’s Council is comprised of dedicated members whose annual support makes many of the Society’s programs possible, from youth gardening activities to horticultural awards programs. FOUNDER’S CIRCLE ($25,000+) Mr. and Mrs. Harry A. Rissetto Q Mr. and Mrs. Klaus Zech CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE ($10,000–$24,999) Mrs. Leslie S. Ariail Q Mr. and Mrs. Kurt Bluemel Q Mr. and Mrs. George Diamantis Q Mr. and (+$23,.3#'-..+.*!302//+.*3&#!3-.( Mrs. Thomas Farrell Q Mr. and Mrs. Shephard W. Hill Q Mrs. Shirley Ann Nicolai Q Ms. Katy Moss Warner (20+*.+.*3 ,&13*-1(2. #21/!32-1/)%1+2.(' 3/2$).+&203%,1 LIBERTY HYDE BAILEY CIRCLE ($5,000–$9,999) Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Bogle Q Ms. Amy Bolton Q Mrs. Elisabeth C. Dudley Q Mr. and 0&$$200%&'' 3*1,+.*3-.(3)-120/+.* Mrs. Albert Huddleston Q Mr. and Mrs. Tom Underwood Q Mr. and Mrs. Bruce W. Usrey )21"0!3%1&+/0!3-.(32*2/-"'20 &**20/+,.03,.3/)23"20/3$1,#3 HAUPT CIRCLE ($2,500–$4,999) Mrs. Sandra L. Address Q Mr. and Mrs. Taylor Burke, II Q Ms. Petra Burke Q Mr. James R. Cargill, II Q -1+2/+203%,13(+%%212./312*+,.0 Ms. Katherine B. Edwards and Mr. John A. Ronveaux Q Mr. and Mrs. Carl Estes Q Mr. and Mrs. Don W. Godsey Q Ms. Amy Goldman Q 302-0,." 02-0,.3*&+(23%,1 Mr. and Mrs. Joel Goldsmith Q Dr. and Mrs. William O. Hargrove Q Mrs. Carole S. Hofley Q Mr. and Mrs. Ken Mountcastle Q Dr. David "1+.*+.*3/)23%120)20/3%1&+/0!3)21"0!3 D. Parrish Q Mr. and Mrs. J. Landon Reeve, IV -.(32*2/-"'203%1,3*-1(2.3/,3#'-/2 COUNCIL MEMBER’S CIRCLE ($1,000–$2,499) Mr. and Mrs. Robert Baillie Q Mr. and Mrs. Carter Bales Q Mr. and Mrs. Bill Barnett Q Mrs. George P. Bissell, Jr. Q Mrs. Elspeth G. Bobbs Q Mr. Skipp Calvert Q Ms. Mary Ann Carey Q Mr. Hans Edwards Q Mr. Monte Enright Q Mr. Joseph Errington and Mr. William Pullen Q Ms. Inger Fair Q Mrs. Walter S. Fletcher Q Dr. and Mrs. John A. Floyd, Jr. Q Ms. Marguerite P. Foster Q Mrs. Janet Gebler Q Mrs. Barbara Grant Q Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Hanselman Q Ms. Catherine M. Hayes Q Mr. and Mrs. Paul and Nancy Hess Q Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Hixon Q Ms. Nancy Hockstad Q Mr. and Mrs. Michael P. Ireland Q Ms. Stephanie Jutila and Mrs. Thomas Seltz Q Ms. Irene D. Kress Q Ms. Mike Kunce Q Mr. Richard Lessans Q Ms. Carolyn Marsh Lindsay Q Mr. and Mrs. R. Scott Lyons Q Mr. and Mrs. Bob J. MacLean Q Mrs. Dorothy W. Marston Q Mr. and Mrs. Bill May Q Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Memery Q Mr. and Mrs. Egon Molbak Q Mr. and Mrs. Peter Morris Q Mr. James R. Moxley, Jr. Q Ms. Julie Overbeck Q Mr. Edward Pasquesi Q Mrs. Laura Riddle Q Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Roe Q Mr. R.P. Simmons Q Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Smith Q Mr. Ed Snodgrass Q Mr. Lamar Thompson Q Mr. Joe Viar Q Mrs. Angela M. Vikesland Q Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Volk Q Ms. Katherine J. Ward Q Ms. Elizabeth M. Wehrle Q Mrs. Dudley B. White Q Mr. and Mrs. Dennis White Q Mr. and Mrs. Harvey C. White HONORARY PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL Ms. Louise Fruehling* Q Mrs. Enid Haupt* Q Mrs. John A. Lutz* Q Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Miller* *In memoriam 3 -.( 3$)-1/03/)-/3/2''3 ,&3)2.3/, 0,3022(03-.(3)-120/3(+%%212./3 Corporate Members 2*2/-"'20 20,&1$23'+0/3-.(3*',00-1 Bonnie Plants Q The Burpee Foundation Q The Care of Trees Q Chapel Valley Landscape Company Q Q Q Q ,123/)-.33$,',13#),/,*1-#)0 The Espoma Company Homestead Gardens Kurt Bluemel, Inc. Monrovia Osmocote /)1,&*),&/3 Horticultural Partners -#21"-$!3 3333#-*20 America in Bloom Symposium & Awards Program Q Bellingrath Gardens and Home Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Garden Symposium Q Cox Arboretum MetroPark Garden Centers of America Q The Gardeners of America/Men’s Garden Clubs of America Great Gardens and Landscaping Symposium Q The Homestead in the Garden Symposium Inniswood Garden Society Q Oklahoma Botanical Garden & Arboretum 4 the American Gardener The American NOTES CFROM RIVER FARM GARDENER EDITOR David J. Ellis MANAGING EDITOR AND ART DIRECTOR Mary Yee ASSOCIATE EDITOR Viveka Neveln WO YEARS AGO in this column, we shared the news of a critical need to EDITORIAL INTERN make a significant investment in upgrading the aging utility infrastruc- Neel Patel ture at the American Horticultural Society’s River Farm headquarters in CONTRIBUTING EDITOR T Alexandria, Virginia, with our “By the Foot” campaign. Today, as you sit down Rita Pelczar with this issue of The American Gardener, we are pleased to report that the con- CONTRIBUTING WRITER struction phase of this important work is underway and will soon be completed. Carole Ottesen Bringing this project to fruition has been a long, involved process because we EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD needed to navigate the intricacies of working with a property that is both unique and CHAIR Richard E. Bir in an environmentally sensitive setting. In addition to the many AHS members who Brevard, North Carolina have generously contributed to the effort, we have been blessed with many support- Allan M. Armitage ers from the local community who have stepped forward in many ways to help us get Athens, Georgia where we needed to go. But we are not there yet. In order to accomplish the project Nina L. Bassuk efficiently, it has been necessary to secure financing. As a result, we will have interest Ithaca, New York and principal costs as part of the AHS’s annual expenses. Retiring this mortgage as Steve Bender soon as possible will permit us to remain focused on the programs that carry out our Birmingham, Alabama mission. In addition, we, like many non-profit organizations, generally experienced John E. Bryan a “down” year in 2012. We need your support in 2013 more than ever. San Francisco, California Coincidentally, this year marks the 40th anniversary of our acquisition of River Farm, Panayoti Kelaidis Denver, Colorado so it is only fitting that we mark this milestone with a major investment in the Soci- Richard W.
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  • Tolmeldajate Mõju Eesti Käokeelte Populatsioonidele the Effect of Pollinators on the Populations of Platanthera in Estonia

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    EESTI MAAÜLIKOOL Põllumajandus- ja keskkonnainstituut Marilin Mõtlep TOLMELDAJATE MÕJU EESTI KÄOKEELTE POPULATSIOONIDELE THE EFFECT OF POLLINATORS ON THE POPULATIONS OF PLATANTHERA IN ESTONIA Magistritöö Vee- ja maismaa ökosüsteemide rakendusbioloogia õppekava Juhendaja: vanemteadur Kadri Tali, PhD Tartu 2015 Lihtlitsents lõputöö salvestamiseks ja üldsusele kättesaadavaks tegemiseks Mina, Marilin Mõtlep, sünniaeg 26.03.1987, 1. annan Eesti Maaülikoolile tasuta loa (lihtlitsentsi) enda loodud lõputöö „Tolmeldajate mõju Eesti käokeelte populatsioonidele“, mille juhendaja on Kadri Tali PhD, 1.1. salvestamiseks säilitamise eesmärgil, 1.2. digiarhiivi DSpace lisamiseks ja 1.3. veebikeskkonnas üldsusele kättesaadavaks tegemiseks kuni autoriõiguse kehtivuse tähtaja lõppemiseni; 2. olen teadlik, et punktis 1 nimetatud õigused jäävad alles ka autorile; 3. kinnitan, et lihtlitsentsi andmisega ei rikuta teiste isikute intellektuaalomandi ega isiku- andmete kaitse seadusest tulenevaid õigusi. Lõputöö autor ______________________________ (allkiri) Tartu, 18.05.2015 Juhendaja kinnitus lõputöö kaitsmisele lubamise kohta Luban lõputöö kaitsmisele. Kadri Tali ______________________________, 18.05.2015 (allkiri) 2 Eesti Maaülikool Magistritöö lühikokkuvõte Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014 Õppekava: Vee ja maismaa ökosüsteemide Autor: Marilin Mõtlep rakendusbioloogia Pealkiri eesti keeles: Tolmeldajate mõju Eesti käokeelte populatsioonidele Pealkiri inglise keeles: The effect of pollinators on the populations of Platanthera in Estonia Lehekülgi: 75 Jooniseid: