FAMILY Pomacanthidae Jordan & Evermann 1898 [=Holacanthiformes, Pomacanthinae, Paradiretmidae] Notes: Name in prevailing recent practice, Article 35.5 Holacanthiformes Bleeker 1859d:XXI [ref. 371] (subfamily) Holacanthus [Holacanthidae used as valid after 1899] Pomacanthinae Jordan & Evermann 1898a:1670 [ref. 2444] (subfamily) Pomacanthus [family-group name used as valid by: Schultz with Stern 1948 [ref. 31938], Nelson 1976 [ref. 32838], Nelson 1984 [ref. 13596], Quéro et al. 1990 [ref. 15946], Robins et al. 1991a [ref. 14237], Robins et al. 1991b [ref. 14238], Allen & Robertson 1994 [ref. 22193], Nelson 1994 [ref. 26204], Springer & Raasch 1995:106 [ref. 25656], Eschmeyer 1998 [ref. 23416], Menezes et al. 2003 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004 [ref. 27807], Hoese et al. 2006, Nelson 2006 [ref. 32486], Kimura, Satapoomin & Matsuura 2009 [ref. 30425], Allen & Erdmann 2012 [ref. 31980]] Paradiretmidae Whitley 1951a:62 [ref. 4711] (family) Paradiretmus

GENUS Apolemichthys Burton, 1934 [=Apolemichthys (subgenus of Holacanthus) Burton [M.] (ex Fraser-Brunner) 1934:Pisces p. 57, Desmoholacanthus Fowler [H. W.] 1941:256] Notes: [ref. 20938]. Masc. Holacanthus xanthurus Bennett 1833. Type by original designation. Not available from Fraser-Brunner 1933:578 [ref. 671], no type designated or indicated after 1930 and 3 included species (Art. 13.3). Genus does date to 1934 with author as Burton as published in the Zoological Record for 1933 (see Art. 13.3 in Appendix A in Eschmeyer 1990 [ref. 20647]). •Valid as Apolemichthys Burton 1934 -- (Klausewitz 1972:363 [ref. 30491], Heemstra 1984 [ref. 5298], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:188 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:624 [ref. 5714], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Allen et al. 2006:1303 [ref. 29090]). Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys Burton 1934. Pomacanthidae. (Desmoholacanthus) [ref. 1438]. Masc. Holacanthus arcuatus Gray 1831. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Apolemichthys Burton 1934. Current status: Synonym of Apolemichthys Burton 1934. Pomacanthidae.

Species Apolemichthys arcuatus (Gray, 1831) [=Holacanthus arcuatus Gray [J. E.] 1831:33] Notes: [Zoological Miscellany 1831; ref. 18153] Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys arcuatus (Gray 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll, Hawaiian Ridge, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys griffisi (Carlson & Taylor, 1981) [=Holacanthus (Apolemichthys) griffisi Carlson [B. A.] & Taylor [L. R., Jr.] 1981:8, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Freshwater and Marine Aquarium v. 4 (no. 5); ref. 8622] Canton Island, northern Phoenix Islands, South Pacific, depth 65 feet. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys griffisi (Carlson & Taylor 1981). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Kiribati (Gilbert Islands), Phoenix Islands and Line Islands; also Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and Sulawesi. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys guezei (Randall & Mauge, 1978) [=Holacanthus guezei Randall [J. E.] & Maugé [A. L.] 1978:298, Fig. 1] Notes: [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 3) No. 514 (for May-June 1978); ref. 8889] West coast off Baie de la Possession, Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 70 meters. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys guezei (Randall & Maugé 1978). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Réunion (western Mascarenes endemic). Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys kingi Heemstra, 1984 [=Apolemichthys kingi Heemstra [P. C.] 1984:6, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [The J.L.B Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication No. 35; ref. 5298] No. 1 Reef off Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 30 meters. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys kingi Heemstra 1984. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: southern Africa. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys trimaculatus (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus trimaculatus Cuvier [G.] (ex Lacepède) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:196, Pl. 182] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys trimaculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles and Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys xanthopunctatus Burgess, 1973 [=Apolemichthys xanthopunctatus Burgess [W. E.] 1973:56, Fig.] Notes: [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 21 (no. 12); ref. 7558] Tabuaeran [= Fanning Island], Line Islands, central Pacific. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys xanthopunctatus Burgess 1973. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys xanthotis (Fraser-Brunner, 1950) [=Holacanthus (Apolemichthys) xanthotis Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1950:43, Pl. 1 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 120 (pt 1); ref. 12951] Al-Mukalla, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys xanthotis (Fraser-Brunner 1950). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf. Habitat: marine.

Species Apolemichthys xanthurus (Bennett, 1833) [=Holacanthus xanthurus Bennett [E. T.] 1833:183] Notes: [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1832 (pt 2); ref. 16789] Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Apolemichthys xanthurus (Bennett 1833). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mascarenes, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Andaman Sea (Andaman Islands, Myanmar and Thailand). Habitat: marine. GENUS Centropyge Kaup, 1860 [=Centropyge Kaup [J. J.] 1860:138, Paradiretmus Whitley [G. P.] 1948:83, Sumireyakko Burgess [W. E.] 1991:70, Xiphypops Jordan [D. S.] in Jordan & Jordan 1922:64] Notes: [ref. 2583]. Fem. Holacanthus tibicen Cuvier 1831. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Centropyge Kaup 1860 -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:188 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:624 [ref. 5714], Kosaki 1989 [ref. 13510], Kuiter 1998:85 [ref. 23587], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Burgess 2003:1675 [ref. 27101], Schindler 2003:37 [ref. 27490], Allen et al. 2006:14 [ref. 28625] with author as Kemp, Allen et al. 2006:1303 [ref. 29090], Shen et al. 2012:415 [ref. 31830]). Current status: Valid as Centropyge Kaup 1860. Pomacanthidae. (Paradiretmus) [ref. 4710]. Masc. Paradiretmus circularis Whitley 1948. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Based on a larval specimen; not Diretmidae. •Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860 -- (Allen et al. 1976:410 [ref. 13629]). Current status: Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860. Pomacanthidae. (Sumireyakko) [ref. 19211]. Masc. Holacanthus venustus Yasuda & Tominaga 1969. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Treated as masculine, Art. 30.2.4. •Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860. Pomacanthidae. (Xiphypops) [ref. 2487]. Masc. Holacanthus fisheri Snyder 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Spelled Xiphipops in Weber & de Beaufort 1936:159 [ref. 4606]. •Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860 based on placement of type species -- (Smith & Heemstra 1986:624 [ref. 5714]). Current status: Synonym of Centropyge Kaup 1860. Pomacanthidae.

Species Centropyge abei Allen et al., 2006 [=Centropyge abei Allen [G. R.], Young [F.] & Colin [P. L.] 2006:13, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 28625] Southeast side of Manado Tua, about 1°6.20040'S, 124°7.1222'E, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Centropyge abei Allen, Young & Colin 2006. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Sulawesi (Indonesia) and Palau. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge acanthops (Norman, 1922) [=Holacanthus acanthops Norman [J. R.] 1922:318] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 9 (no. 52); ref. 15357] Durban/eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Centropyge acanthops (Norman 1922). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, South Africa, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Maldives and Chagos Archipelago. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge argi Woods & Kanazawa, 1951 [=Centropyge argi Woods [L. P.] & Kanazawa [R. H.] 1951:636, Fig. 135] Notes: [Fieldiana Zoology v. 31 (no. 53); ref. 12812] Argus Bank, Bermuda Island, depth 93 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Centropyge argi Woods & Kanazawa 1951. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge aurantia Randall & Wass, 1974 [=Centropyge aurantius Randall [J. E.] & Wass [R. C.] 1974:140, Fig. 2] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 21 (no. 3); ref. 7536] Pago Pago Harbor, Tutuila, Aua Reef, American Samoa, depth 36 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge aurantia Randall & Wass 1974. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Caroline Islands and Samoa. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge aurantonotus Burgess, 1974 [=Centropyge aurantonotus Burgess [W. E.] 1974:90, Fig.] Notes: [Tropical Fish Hobbyist v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 7492] Off Oistins, Barbados, West Indies, depth 50-60 feet. Current status: Valid as Centropyge aurantonotus Burgess 1974. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic and eastern Atlantic (São Tomé). Habitat: marine. Species Centropyge bicolor (Bloch, 1787) [=Chaetodon bicolor Bloch [M. E.] 1787:94, Pl. 206 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Brazil [in error, actual is Pacific]. Current status: Valid as Centropyge bicolor (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean: Sumatra and South China Sea to Micronesia and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands and south to Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge bispinosus (Gunther, 1860) [=Holacanthus bispinosus Günther [A.] 1860:48, 516, Centropyge tutuilae Jordan [D. S.] & Jordan [E. K.] 1922:62, Pl. 3 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Centropyge bispinosa (Günther 1860). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Aldabra, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Marshall and Tuamotu islands, north to Izu Islands, south to Western Australia, to Japan, Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine. (tutuilae) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 2487] Pago Pago, Tutuila, American Samoa. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge bispinosa (Günther 1860). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge boylei Pyle & Randall, in Pyle, 1992 [=Centropyge boylei Pyle [R. L.] & Randall [J. E.] in Pyle 1992:17, Figs.] Notes: [Freshwater and Marine Aquarium v. 15 (no. 7); ref. 19835] Matauera, east side, Rarotonga, Cook Islands, South Pacific, depth 78 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge boylei Pyle & Randall 1992. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: South Pacific: Cook Islands. Habitat: marine. Species Centropyge cocosensis Shen et al., 2016 [=Centropyge cocosensis Shen [K.-N.], Chang [C.-W.], Delrieu-Trottin [E.] & Borsa [P.] 2016:15] Notes: [Marine Biodiversity; ref. 34943] Cocos (Keeling) Islands, eastern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Centropyge cocosensis Shen, Chang, Delrieu-Trottin & Borsa 2016. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island. Habitat: freshwater, marine.

Species Centropyge colini Smith-Vaniz & Randall, 1974 [=Centropyge colini Smith-Vaniz [W. F.] & Randall [J. E.] 1974:110, Figs. 2, 4-6] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 126; ref. 26] Turks Reef, Cocos-Keeling Islands, 12°06'30"S, 96°49'35"E, depth 67-73 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge colini Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1974. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: South China Sea, Indonesia, Cocos-Keeling Islands, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Guam, Marshal Islands and Fiji. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge debelius Pyle, 1990 [=Centropyge debelius Pyle [R. L.] 1990:47, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 17 (no. 2); ref. 19599] Off reef southwest of Grand Baie, northwestern Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 50 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge debelius Pyle 1990. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Aldabra and western Mascarenes. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge deborae Shen et al., 2012 [=Centropyge deborae Shen [K.-N.], Ho [H.-C.] & Chang [C.-W.] 2012:418, Figs. 1A, B, 2] Notes: [Zoological Studies v. 51 (no. 3); ref. 31830] Bligh Water, 17°09.208'S, 177°41.397'E to 17°14.349'S, 178°41.397'E, east of Yasawa I., western Fiji, (purchase), depth 5-25 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge deborae Shen, Ho & Chang 2012. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Fiji Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge eibli Klausewitz, 1963 [=Centropyge eibli Klausewitz [W.] 1963:177, Fig. 1-2] Notes: [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 44 (no. 3); ref. 4935] Castle Bay, Tillanchong, Nicobar Islands, depth 20 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge eibli Klausewitz 1963. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Maldives east to Java and Bali (Indonesia), Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge ferrugata Randall & Burgess, in Burgess & Axelrod, 1972 [=Centropyge ferrugatus Randall [J. E.] & Burgess [W. E.] in Burgess & Axelrod 1972:21, Figs. 30-31] Notes: [Pacific marine fishes. Book 1; ref. 7605] Reef one half mile off harbor of Ishigaki City, Ishigaki, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Current status: Valid as Centropyge ferrugata Randall & Burgess 1972. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines north to Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Japan and Ogasawara Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge fisheri (Snyder, 1904) [=Holacanthus fisheri Snyder [J. O.] 1904:532, Pl. 11 (fig. 21), Centropyge caudoxanthorus Shen [S.-C.] 1973:70, Figs. 75-76, Centropyge flavicauda Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:597, Fig. 29, Centropyge flavipectoralis Randall [J. E.] & Klausewitz [W.] 1977:236, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 4149] Off Diamond Head, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands, depth 27-29 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Centropyge fisheri (Snyder 1904). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Maldives east to Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Chesterfield Islands (New Caledonia) and Tonga. Habitat: marine. (caudoxanthorus) [Report of the Institute of Fishery Biology of Ministry of Economic Affairs and National Taiwan Unversity, Taipei v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 7590] Ho-bi-hou, southwestern tip of Taiwan, S. China Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge fisheri (Snyder 1904). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (flavicauda) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1933 (pt 3, no. 30); ref. 671] Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge fisheri (Snyder 1904). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (flavipectoralis) [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 57 (nos 4/6) (for 1976); ref. 8560] Lively Rocks, Trincomalee, Sri Lanka, depth 20 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge flavipectoralis Randall & Klausewitz 1977. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Sri Lanka, Maldives to Andaman Sea, Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus flavissimus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:197, Holacanthus cyanotis Günther [A.] 1860:517, Holacanthus luteolus Cuvier [G.] (ex Parkinson) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:198, Holacanthus monophthalmus Kner [R.] 1867:714 [6], Pl. 4 (fig. 1), Holacanthus ocularis Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:147, Holacanthus sphynx De Vis [C. W.] 1884:457, Holacanthus uniocellatus Borodin [N. A.] 1932:86, Pl. 1 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Uléa, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. Current status: Valid as Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Cocos-Keeling Islands east to Wake Atoll, Line Islands (Kiribati) and Marquesas Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and Rapa; introduced in Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (cyanotis) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Aneiteum Island, Vanuatu. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (luteolus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Tahiti, Society Islands. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (monophthalmus) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 56; ref. 2645] Raiatea, Society Islands. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (ocularis) [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 3441] South Seas. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (sphynx) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4898] Queensland coast, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (uniocellatus) [Bulletin Vanderbilt Marine Museum v. 1 (art. 3); ref. 16361] Pango Pango, Samoan Islands, South Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge heraldi Woods & Schultz, in Schultz et al., 1953 [=Centropyge heraldi Woods [L. P.] & Schultz [L. P.] in Schultz et al. 1953:602, Pl. 59 (fig. a)] Notes: [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 1; ref. 3975] 100 yards offshore in lagoon, Ariji Island, Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, depth 20-40 feet. Current status: Valid as Centropyge heraldi Woods & Schultz 1953. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Brunei, Philippines. Taiwan to southern Japan, south to Great Barrier Reef (Australia) and to Melanesia, Micronesia and French Polynesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge hotumatua Randall & Caldwell, 1973 [=Centropyge hotumatua Randall [J. E.] & Caldwell [D. K.] 1973:6, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 237; ref. 7582] Offshore from Ahu Akapu on western side of Easter Island, southeastern Pacific, depth 70 feet. Current status: Valid as Centropyge hotumatua Randall & Caldwell 1973. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Oceania. Habitat: marine. Species Centropyge interruptus (Tanaka, 1918) [=Angelichthys interruptus Tanaka [S.] 1918:224] Notes: [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 30 (no. 356); ref. 17357] Tanabe, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. Current status: Valid as Centropyge interrupta (Tanaka 1918). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western and Central North Pacific: southern Japan, Ogasawara Islands, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge joculator Smith-Vaniz & Randall, 1974 [=Centropyge joculator Smith-Vaniz [W. F.] & Randall [J. E.] 1974:106, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 126; ref. 26] Turks Reef, Cocos-Keeling Islands, 12°06'30"S, 96°49'35"E, depth 30-46 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge joculator Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1974. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Christmas and Cocos-Keeling islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge loriculus (Gunther, 1874) [=Holacanthus loriculus Günther [A.] 1874:53, Pl. 40 (fig. C), Centropyge flammeus Woods [L. P.] & Schultz [L. P.] in Schultz et al. 1953:604, Fig. 88] Notes: [Andrew Garrett's Fische der Südsee Bd 1 (Heft 2); ref. 14190] Society Islands [French Polynesia, South Pacific]. Current status: Valid as Centropyge loriculus (Günther 1874). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Mariana Islands east to Hawaiian Islands, Line Islands and to Marcasus Islands and Pitcairn Group, south to New Caledonia, Tonga and Gambier Islands. Habitat: marine. (flammeus) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 1; ref. 3975] Reef along northern side of atoll, Johnston Island, central Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge loricula (Günther 1874). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge multicolor Randall & Wass, 1974 [=Centropyge multicolor Randall [J. E.] & Wass [R. C.] 1974:138, Fig. 1] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 21 (no. 3); ref. 7536] Off ocean reef, Rigili [Leroy] Islet, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands, western Pacific, depth 30 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge multicolor Randall & Wass 1974. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western and Central Pacific: Micronesia, Johnston Atoll, Hawaiian Islands, Fiji, Cook Islands, Society Islands (French Polynesia). Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge multispinis (Playfair, in Playfair & Gunther, 1867) [=Holacanthus multispinis Playfair [R. L.] in Playfair & Günther 1867:37, Pl. 6 (fig. 4)] Notes: [The fishes of Zanzibar; ref. 3490] Zanzibar, Tanzania, western Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Centropyge multispinis (Playfair 1867). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Andaman Sea, Nicobar Islands, Myanmar, Thailand and western Sumatra (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge nahackyi Kosaki, 1989 [=Centropyge nahackyi Kosaki [R. K.] 1989:881, Fig. 1] Notes: [Copeia 1989 (no. 4); ref. 13510] Northwestern side of Johnston Atoll, outer reef slope, northern central Pacific, depth 45 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge nahackyi Kosaki 1989. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll. waif from Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge narcosis Pyle & Randall, 1993 [=Centropyge narcosis Pyle [R. L.] & Randall [J. E.] 1993:116, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 19 (no. 4) for 1992; ref. 20968] Matauera, Rarotonga, Cook Islands, depth 110 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge narcosis Pyle & Randall 1993. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge nigriocellus Woods & Schultz, in Schultz et al., 1953 [=Centropyge nigriocellus Woods [L. P.] & Schultz [L. P.] in Schultz et al. 1953:607, Fig. 89] Notes: [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 1; ref. 3975] Johnston Island, Northern Central Pacific, reef along northern side of atoll. Current status: Valid as Centropyge nigriocella Woods & Schultz 1953. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Mariana Islands, Admirality Islands, Johnston Atoll, Samoa, Line Islands, Society Islands (French Polynesia), Marquesas Islands, Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge nox (Bleeker, 1853) [=Holacanthus nox Bleeker [P.] 1853:338] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 5117] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Centropyge nox (Bleeker 1853). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea to Vanuatu and Great Barrier Reef (Australia), to Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan, East Indian Region. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge potteri (Jordan & Metz, 1912) [=Holacanthus potteri Jordan [D. S.] & Metz [C. W.] 1912:525, Pl. 71 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 42 (no. 1915); ref. 10639] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Valid as Centropyge potteri (Jordan & Metz 1912). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll and Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge resplendens Lubbock & Stankey, 1975 [=Centropyge resplendens Lubbock [R.] & Sankey [R. D.] 1975:227, Fig. 1; Pl. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology v. 28 (no. 5); ref. 7265] Ascension Island, depth 20 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge resplendens Lubbock & Sankey 1975. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Ascension Island. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge shepardi Randall & Yasuda, 1979 [=Centropyge shepardi Randall [J. E.] & Yasuda [F.] 1979:56, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 26 (no. 1); ref. 8793] Northwestern side of Cocos Island, Guam, Mariana Islands, depth 22-30 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge shepardi Randall & Yasuda 1979. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Centorpyge tibicen (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus tibicen Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:173, Holacanthus leucopleura Bleeker [P.] 1853:79] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] No locality. Current status: Valid as Centropyge tibicen (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: Malay Peninsula to Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia to Japan; Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). Habitat: marine. (leucopleura) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 16911] Lawajong, Solor Island, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Centropyge tibicen (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge venustus (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969) [=Holacanthus venustus Yasuda [F.] & Tominaga [Y.] 1969:143, Figs. 1, 3] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 7855] Oshima Island, Sagami Bay, Japan, 34°41'N, 139°27'E, about 10 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge venusta (Yasuda & Tominaga 1969). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge vrolikii (Bleeker, 1853) [=Holacanthus vrolikii Bleeker [P.] 1853:339] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 5117] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Centropyge vrolikii (Bleeker 1853). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: Malay Peninsula to Vanuatu, Micronesia, Australia to Japan and Ogasawara Islands; also Christmas Island and offshore reefs of Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Centropyge woodheadi Kuiter, 1998 [=Centropyge woodheadi Kuiter [R. H.] 1998:86, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 23587] Maloa Island, Lau Group, Fiji, 18°35'S, 179°50'E, depth 9 meters. Current status: Valid as Centropyge woodheadi Kuiter 1998. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southern Pacific Ocean: Great Barrier Reef to Gambier Archipelago. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Chaetodontoplus Bleeker, 1876 [=Chaetodontoplus Bleeker [P.] 1876:307] Notes: [ref. 448]. Masc. Holacanthus septentrionalis Temminck & Schlegel 1844. Type by original designation (also monotypic in ref. 448). Also in Bleeker 1876:Pl.368, 369 [ref. 6835] (earliest not determined). •Valid as Chaetodontoplus Bleeker 1876 -- (Yasuda & Tominaga 1976 [ref. 5505], Ida in Masuda et al. 1984:187 [ref. 6441], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Allen & Steene 2004:24 [ref. 27615], Allen et al. 2006:1305 [ref. 29090], Randall & Rocha 2009:511 [ref. 30410]). Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus Bleeker 1876. Pomacanthidae.

Species Chaetodontoplus ballinae Whitley, 1959 [=Chaetodontoplus ballinae Whitley [G. P.] 1959:21, Fig. 8] Notes: [Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales v. for 1957-58; ref. 4730] Off Ballina Bar, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus ballinae Whitley 1959. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus Yasuda & Tominaga, 1976 [=Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus Yasuda [F.] & Tominaga [Y.] 1976:130, Fig.1] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 5505] Philippines. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus Yasuda & Tominaga 1976. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus cephalareticulatus Shen & Lim, 1975 [=Chaetodontoplus cephalareticulatus Shen [S.-C.] & Lim [P.-C.] 1975:97, Fig. 16] Notes: [Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica (Taipei) v. 14 (no. 2); ref. 7471] Northeastern coast of Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus cephalareticulatus Shen & Lim 1975. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: southern Japan and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus chrysocephalus Bleeker, 1855 [=Holacanthus chrysocephalus Bleeker [P.] 1855:428] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 3); ref. 16941] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus chrysocephalus (Bleeker 1855). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Java Sea, Indonesia to Philippines. Habitat: marine. Species Chaetodontoplus conspicillatus (Waite, 1900) [=Holacanthus conspicillatus Waite [E. R.] 1900:203, Pl. 35] Notes: [Records of the Australian Museum v. 3 (no. 7); ref. 4558] Lord Howe Island. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus conspicillatus (Waite 1900). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus dimidiatus (Bleeker, 1860) [=Holacanthus dimidiatus Bleeker [P.] 1860:11] Notes: [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 8 (art. 5); ref. 378] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus dimidiatus (Bleeker 1860). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus duboulayi (Gunther, 1867) [=Holacanthus duboulayi Günther [A.] 1867:67, Holacanthus darwiniensis Saville-Kent [W.] 1889:235, Holacanthus douboulayi var. longitudinaliterstriata Klunzinger [C. B.] 1880:362 [38]] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 20 (no. 115); ref. 1988] Northwestern coast of Australia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus duboulayi (Günther 1867). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: Aru Islands (Indionesia), southern Papua New Guinea and Western Australia to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine. (darwiniensis) [Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland v. 6 (pt 5); ref. 18382] Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus duboulayi (Günther 1867). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (longitudinaliterstriata) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 80 (1. Abth.) (nos 3-4); ref. 2624] Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus duboulayi (Günther 1867). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. Species Chaetodontoplus melanosoma (Bleeker, 1853) [=Holacanthus melanosoma Bleeker [P.] 1853:78] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 16911] Lawajong, Solor Island, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus melanosoma (Bleeker 1853). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: central Indonesia to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus meredithi Kuiter, 1990 [=Chaetodontoplus meredithi Kuiter [R. H.] 1990:114, Figs. 1-5] Notes: [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 16 (no. 4) [1989]; ref. 17688] Pilot Station, Sydney Harbor, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus meredithi Kuiter 1990. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch, 1787) [=Chaetodon mesoleucus Bloch [M. E.] 1787:117, Pl. 216 (fig. 2), Chaetodon atratus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:72, Chaetodon mesomelas Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1263, Holacanthus bicolor var. oahuensis Borodin [N. A.] 1930:56] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Japan (possibly in error). Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean: East Indian Region, Indonesia, Western Australia to Malaysia to Philippines and to Japan. Habitat: marine. (atratus) [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] India. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (mesomelas) [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Japan. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (oahuensis) [Bulletin Vanderbilt Marine Museum v. 1 (art. 2); ref. 16069] Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus niger Chan, 1966 [=Chaetodontoplus niger Chan [W. L.] 1966:326, Figs. 2-3] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 13) v. 8 (no. 90) (for 1965); ref. 9022] Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea, 16°4.8'N, 114°40.8'E, depth 38-44 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus niger Chan 1966. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: South China Sea and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus personifer (McCulloch, 1914) [=Holacanthus (Chaetodontoplus) personifer McCulloch [A. R.] 1914:221, Pl. 31] Notes: [Records of the Western Australian Museum v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 17621] Shark Bay, Western Australia. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus personifer (McCulloch 1914). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus poliourus Randall & Rocha, 2009 [=Chaetodontoplus poliourus Randall [J. E.] & Rocha [L. A.] 2009:513, Figs. 2, 4-7] Notes: [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 57 (no. 2); ref. 30410] Kimbe Bay, first reef off Walindi Pnantation, New Britain, Papua New Guinea, depth 6-10 meters. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus poliourus Randall & Rocha 2009. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Palau and eastern East Indian Region, Papua New Guinea to Solomon Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) [=Holacanthus septentrionalis Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1844:82, Pl. 44 (fig. 2), Holacanthus ronin Jordan [D. S.] & Fowler [H. W.] 1902:546, Fig. 6] Notes: [Fauna Japonica Parts 5-6; ref. 4372] Nagasaki, Japan. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis (Temminck & Schlegel 1844). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine. (ronin) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 25 (no. 1296); ref. 10572] Misaki, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis (Temminck & Schlegel 1844). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Chaetodontoplus vanderloosi Allen & Steene, 2004 [=Chaetodontoplus vanderloosi Allen [G. R.] & Steene [R. C.] 2004:24, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 27615] Wharf at Samarai Island, 10°36.50'S, 150°39.64'E, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, depth 6 meters. Current status: Valid as Chaetodontoplus vanderloosi Allen & Steene 2004. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Genicanthus Swainson, 1839 [=Genicanthus (subgenus of Holacanthus) Swainson [W.] 1839:170, 212] Notes: [ref. 4303]. Masc. Holacanthus lamarck Lacepède 1802. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Swain 1882:273 [ref. 5966]. Species sometimes spelled Lemarckii. •Valid as Genicanthus Swainson 1839 -- (Randall 1975 [ref. 6490], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:188 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:624 [ref. 5714], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Allen et al. 2006:1307 [ref. 29090], Trnski 2015:1306 [ref. 34198]). Current status: Valid as Genicanthus Swainson 1839. Pomacanthidae.

Species Genicanthus bellus Randall, 1975 [=Genicanthus bellus Randall [J. E.] 1975:402, Pl. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 6490] Outside barrier reef off District of Paea, Tahiti, Society Islands, depth 60 meters. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus bellus Randall 1975. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean: Cocos-Keeling Islands, Indonesia, Philippines, Mariana, Marshall and Society islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus caudovittatus (Gunther, 1860) [=Holacanthus caudovittatus Günther [A.] 1860:44, Holacanthus caudibicolor Sauvage [H.-E.] (ex Liénard) 1891:267, Pls. 29 (fig. 6), 33 (fig. 2), Holacanthus zebra Sauvage [H.-E.] 1891:263, Pl. 32 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus caudovittatus (Günther 1860). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East and South Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Andaman Sea and Sumatra and near Bali (Indonesia). Habitat: marine. (caudibicolor) [Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar; ref. 14503] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus caudovittatus (Günther 1860). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (zebra) [Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar; ref. 14503] [Ile Maurice] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus caudovittatus (Günther 1860). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus lamarck (Lacepede, 1802) [=Holacanthus lamarck Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:526, 530, Holacanthus chapmani Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1933:19, Holacanthus lamarcki japonicus Schmidt [P. J.] 1931:99, Pl. 5 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] No locality. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus lamarck (Lacepède 1802). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South China Sea to Vanuatu, northern Barrier Reef (Australia) to Ryukyu Islands, Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine. (chapmani) [Copeia 1933 (no. 1); ref. 2106] Dumaguete, Oriental Negros, Philippines. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus lamarck (Lacepède 1802). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (japonicus) [Transactions of the Pacific Committee of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. v. 1; ref. 3937] Itoman, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus lamarck (Lacepède 1802). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus melanospilos (Bleeker, 1857) [=Holacanthus melanospilos Bleeker [P.] 1857:56, Genicanthus macclesfieldiensis Chan [W. L.] 1966:330, Figs. 4-5] Notes: [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus melanospilos (Bleeker 1857). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea to New Caledonia and Vanuatu; Western Australia, Great Barrier Reef (Australia) to Ryukyu Islands. Habitat: marine. (macclesfieldiensis) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 13) v. 8 (no. 90) (for 1965); ref. 9022] Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea, 16°03'N, 114°40'E, depth 45-46 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus melanospilos (Bleeker 1857). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus personatus Randall, 1975 [=Genicanthus personatus Randall [J. E.] 1975:418, Pl. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 6490] Off Magic Island, Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands, depth 80 feet. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus personatus Randall 1975. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus semicinctus (Waite, 1900) [=Holacanthus semicinctus Waite [E. R.] 1900:204, Pl. 36] Notes: [Records of the Australian Museum v. 3 (no. 7); ref. 4558] Lord Howe Island. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus semicinctus (Waite 1900). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus semifasciatus (Kamohara, 1934) [=Holacanthus semifasciatus Kamohara [T.] 1934:459, Fig. 2, Holacanthus fucosus Yasuda [F.] & Tominaga [Y.] 1970:141, Figs. 1, 2, 13] Notes: [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 46 (no. 552); ref. 19716] Kashiwajima, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus semifasciatus (Kamohara 1934). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands and southern Japan. Habitat: marine. (fucosus) [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 17 (no. 4); ref. 430] Sanbon-ne, Miyake-jima, Japan, about 34°05'N, 139°30'E, depth about 15 meters. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus semifasciatus (Kamohara 1934). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus spinus Randall, 1975 [=Genicanthus spinus Randall [J. E.] 1975:415, Figs. 16-17] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 25 (no. 3); ref. 6490] Reef off Bounty Bay, Pitcairn Island, depth 33.5 meters. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus spinus Randall 1975. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Oceana. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus takeuchii Pyle, 1997 [=Genicanthus takeuchii Pyle [R. L.] 1997:88, Figs. 1-4 (not 1-5)] Notes: [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 24 (no. 3-4); ref. 23468] Ani-jima, Mansakunohama, Ogasawara Islands, depth 45 meters. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus takeuchii Pyle 1997. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

Species Genicanthus watanabei (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1970) [=Holacanthus watanabei Yasuda [F.] & Tominaga [Y.] 1970:144, Figs. 3-7, 11, 12, Genicanthus vermiculatus Shen [S.-C.] & Lim [P.-C.] 1975:86, Fig. 7] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 17 (no. 4); ref. 430] Onna Beach, Okinawa-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, about 26°30'N, 127°50'E. Current status: Valid as Genicanthus watanabei (Yasuda & Tominaga 1970). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine. (vermiculatus) [Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica (Taipei) v. 14 (no. 2); ref. 7471] Lü-tao (Green Island), Taiwan, South China Sea, depth 20 meters. Current status: Synonym of Genicanthus watanabei (Yasuda & Tominaga 1970). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Holacanthus Lacepede, 1802 [=Holacanthus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:525, Acanthochaetodon Bleeker [P.] 1876:308, Angelichthys Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1896:420, Plitops (subgenus of Holacanthus) Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:581, Pomacanthodes Gill [T. N.] 1862:244] Notes: [ref. 4929]. Masc. Chaetodon tricolor Bloch 1795. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Desmarest 1856:227 [ref. 17401] -- see Whitley 1939:223 [ref. 25866] but Whitley has wrong date for Desmarest, also by Bleeker 1876:307-308 [ref. 448]. Holacantha Rafinesque 1815:83 [ref. 3584] and Holocanthus Gray 1831:35 (not investigated) are apparently incorrect subsequent spellings. •Valid as Holacanthus Lacepède 1802 -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:392 [ref. 14275], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:188 [ref. 6441], Burgess 2003:1675 [ref. 27101]). Current status: Valid as Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Acanthochaetodon) [ref. 448]. Masc. Pomacanthus annularis Bloch 1787. Type by original designation (also monotypic in ref. 448). Also in Bleeker 1876:Pls. 365, 367, 370, 372 [ref. 6835] (earliest not established). •Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Angelichthys) [ref. 2442]. Masc. Chaetodon ciliaris Linnaeus 1758. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Plitops) [ref. 671]. Masc. Holacanthus clarionensis Gilbert 1891. Not available from Fraser-Brunner, no type species designated or indicated after 1930, 2 included species (Art. 13.3). Apparently can date to Burton 1934 in the Zoological Record for 1933 (see remarks on Art. 13.3 in Appendix A in Eschmeyer 1990 [ref. 20647]). •Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Pomacanthodes) [ref. 1665]. Masc. Pomacanthodes zonipectus Gill 1862. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae.

Species Holacanthus africanus Cadenat, 1951 [=Holacanthus africanus Cadenat [J.] 1951:239, Fig. 175] Notes: [Initiations Africaines. III. Poissons de mer du Sénégal; ref. 12676] Gorée, Senegal. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus africanus Cadenat 1951. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senagel to Congo, including Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Holacanthus bermudensis Goode, 1876 [=Holacanthus ciliaris var. bermudensis Goode [G. B.] 1876:43, Angelichthys townsendi Nichols [J. T.] & Mowbray [L. L.] 1914:581] Notes: [Bulletin of the United States National Museum [v. 1] No. 5; ref. 1832] Key West, Florida, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus bermudensis Goode 1876. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (townsendi) [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 33 (art. 37); ref. 14162] Key West, Florida, U.S.A. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus bermudensis Goode 1876. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) [=Chaetodon ciliaris Linnaeus [C.] 1758:276, Chaetodon aculeatus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:72, Chaetodon catesbeii Shaw [G.] 1803:325, Holacanthus coronatus Desmarest [A. G.] 1823:204 [44], Pl. 3 (fig. 3) of separate, Holacanthus formosus Castelnau [F. L.] 1855:19, Pl. 11 (fig. 2), Holacanthus iodocus Jordan [D. S.] & Rutter [C. M.] in Gilbert 1897:445, Holocanthus lunatus Blosser [C. B.] 1909:299, Pl. 12 (fig. 1), Chaetodon parrae Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:235, Chaetodon squamulosus Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1796:no page number, Pl. 275] Notes: [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Western Atlantic/Caribbean. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (aculeatus) [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] "Curassaviam in Oceano Americano". Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (catesbeii) [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Carolinas and Bahamas. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (coronatus) [Mémoires de la Société linnéenne de Paris v. 2; ref. 1120] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (formosus) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (iodocus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] Galápagos Islands. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (lunatus) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 14363] St. Croix Island, Virgin Islands, West Indies. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (parrae) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Locality not stated [Havana, Cuba]. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (squamulosus) [The Naturalist's Miscellany; ref. 4013] Coasts of America and West Indies. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. Species Holacanthus clarionensis Gilbert, 1890 [=Holacanthus clarionensis Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:72] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Clarion, Socorro and San Benedicto Islands,Revillagigedo Islands, off western Mexico. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus clarionensis Gilbert 1890. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Holacanthus limbaughi Baldwin, 1963 [=Holacanthus limbaughi Baldwin [W. J.] 1963:3, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 74; ref. 4010] Northwestern shore of Clipperton Island, eastern Pacific, 10°18'N, 109°13'W. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus limbaughi Baldwin 1963. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Holacanthus passer Valenciennes, 1846 [=Holacanthus passer Valenciennes [A.] 1846:no p., Pl. 6, Holacanthus strigatus Gill [T. N.] 1862:243] Notes: [Voyage autour du monde sur la frégate "la Vénus"; ref. 6165] Galápagos Islands. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus passer Valenciennes 1846. Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (strigatus) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1665] Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Holacanthus passer Valenciennes 1846. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Holacanthus tricolor (Bloch, 1795) [=Chaetodon tricolor Bloch [M. E.] 1795:103, Pl. 425] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 9; ref. 464] Brazil. Current status: Valid as Holacanthus tricolor (Bloch 1795). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Paracentropyge Burgess, 1991 [=Paracentropyge Burgess [W. E.] 1991:69] Notes: [ref. 19211]. Fem. Holacanthus multifasciatus Smith & Radcliffe 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Paracentropyge Burgess 1991 -- (Myers & Donaldson 2003:631 [ref. 27495], Allen et al. 2006:1307 [ref. 29090]). Current status: Valid as Paracentropyge Burgess 1991. Pomacanthidae.

Species Paracentropyge multifasciatus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911) [=Holacanthus multifasciatus Smith [H. M.] & Radcliffe [L.] 1911:324, Fig. 3] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 40 (no. 1822); ref. 10246] Port Galera, Mindoro, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Paracentropyge multifasciata (Smith & Radcliffe 1911). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Pomacanthus Lacepede, 1802 [=Pomacanthus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:517, Arusetta (subgenus of Heteropyge) Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:572, Euxiphipops Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1934:192, Heteropyge Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:569, Pomacanthops Smith [J. L. B.] 1955:383] Notes: [ref. 4929]. Masc. Chaetodon arcuatus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently designated first by Jordan & Gilbert 1883:615 [ref. 2476]. Pomacantha Rafinesque 1815:83 [ref. 3584] is an incorrect subsequent spelling. •Valid as Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802 -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:390 [ref. 14275], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:187 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:625 [ref. 5714], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Burgess 2003:1674 [ref. 27101], Allen et al. 2006:1308 [ref. 29090], Bariche 2010:31 [ref. 30715]). Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Arusetta) [ref. 671]. Fem. Chaetodon asfur Forsskål 1775. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Euxiphipops) [ref. 1488]. Masc. Holacanthus xanthometopon Bleeker 1853. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Heteropyge Fraser-Brunner 1933, preoccupied by Heteropyge Silvestri 1897 in Myriopoda. •Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Heteropyge) [ref. 671]. Fem. Holacanthus xanthometopon Bleeker 1853. Type by original designation. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Heteropyge Silvestri 1897 in Myriapoda, replaced by Euxiphipops Fraser-Brunner 1934. •Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae. (Pomacanthops) [ref. 4098]. Masc. Pomacanthops filamentosus Smith 1955. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802 -- (Smith & Heemstra 1986:625 [ref. 5714]). Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus Lacepède 1802. Pomacanthidae.

Species Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787) [=Chaetodon annularis Bloch [M. E.] 1787:114, Pl. 215 (fig. 2), Holacanthus pseudannularis Bleeker [P.] 1858:170, Chaetodon vorticosus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:74] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to New Caledonia and Solomon Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands; throughout the East Indian Region. Habitat: marine. (pseudoannularis) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 15 (no. 1); ref. 16957] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (vorticosus) [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) [=Chaetodon arcuatus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:273, Pomacanthus balteatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:208, Pomacanthus cingulatus Cuvier [G.] in Guérin-Méneville 1828:no page number, Livraison 13, Pomacanthus cingulatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:209, Pl. 185, Chaetodon littoricola Poey [F.] 1868:351, Chetodon lutescens Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Browne) 1788:82, Chetodon luteus Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Plumier) 1788:88, Pl. 92 (fig. 381), Chaetodon quinquecinctus Cuvier [G.] 1829:192] Notes: [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] "Indiis" Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (balteatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Puerto Rico. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (cingulatus CinG) [Planches de Seba v. 3; ref. 29508] Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (cingulatus CinC) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] West Indies. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (littoricola) [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3505] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (lutescens) [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Jamaica. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (luteus) [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Antilles. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (quinquecinctus) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] No locality [West Indies]. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus asfur (Forsskal, 1775) [=Chaetodon asfur Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:61, xii, Holacanthus caeruleus Cuvier [G.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:194] Notes: [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus asfur (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Gulf of Aden (northwestern Indian Ocean) and Red Sea. Habitat: marine. (caeruleus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus asfur (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus chrysurus (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus chrysurus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:188] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Dorey Harbor, New Guinea [? Madagascar]. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus chrysurus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787) [=Chaetodon imperator Bloch [M. E.] 1787:51, Pl. 194, Holacanthus bishopi Seale [A.] 1901:106, Holacanthus geometricus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:528, 535, Pl. 13 (fig. 1), Chaetodon imperialis Shaw [G.] 1803:324, Pl. 46, Holacanthus marianas Seale [A.] 1901:104, Chaetodon nicobariensis Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:219 (574), Pl. 50] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Japan sea. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, Tonga and Austral Islands. Habitat: marine. (bishopi) [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14357] Agaña, Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (geometricus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (imperialis) [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Japan. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (marianas) [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14357] Agaña, Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (nicobariensis) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Nicobar Islands [as Indian Ocean]. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskal, 1775) [=Chaetodon maculosus Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:xiii, 62, Chaetodon arusa Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:62, Chaetodon arusa Bonnaterre [J. P.] 1788:89, Holacanthus aruset Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:528, 535, Holacanthus caerulescens Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830:133, Pomacanthops filamentosus Smith [J. L. B.] 1955:383, Pl. 4 (fig. A), Holacanthus haddaja Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:175, Holacanthus ignatius Playfair [R. L.] 1868:852, Pl. 41, Holacanthus lineatus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830:133, Holacanthus mokhella Cuvier [G.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:177, Holacanthus striatus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1836:32, Pl. 10 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Africa and Gulf of Aden to Pakistan; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine. (arusa F) [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. (arusa B) [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. (aruset) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (caerulescens) [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (filamentosus) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 8 (no. 89) (art. 46); ref. 4098] Tekomazi Island, Mozambique, ca. 10°40'S, 40°40'E, western Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (haddaja) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (ignatius) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (pt 3); ref. 14049] Seychelles. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (lineatus) [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (mokhella) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (striatus) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål 1775). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus navarchus (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus navarchus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:171, Holacanthus amiralis Cuvier [G.] 1829:192] Notes; [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Nagasaki, Japan [erroneous, is Indonesia]. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus navarchus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: South China Sea,, Vietnam to Solomon and Caroline islands, Australia to Philippines. Habitat: marine. (amiralis) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] No locality. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus navarchus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus paru (Bloch, 1787) [=Chaetodon paru Bloch [M. E.] 1787:57, Pl. 197, Chaetodon aureus Bloch [M. E.] 1787:49, Pl. 193 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Brazil and Jamaica. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus paru (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic and St. Paul's Rocks and islands in the central eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (aureus) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Antilles. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus paru (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus rhomboides (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) [=Holacanthus rhomboides Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1908:161] Notes: [Annals of the South African Museum v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 14320] KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.=, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus rhomboides (Gilchrist & Thompson 1908). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:191, Pl. 183, Holacanthus alternans Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:193, Holacanthus lepidolepis Bleeker [P.] 1853:468, Holacanthus alternans var. meleagris Alcock [A. W.] 1896:303 [3], Holacanthus poecilus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1868:454, Holacanthus reginae Liénard [F.] in Sauvage 1891:268, Pl. 34 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Timor, Bourou, Waigeo, Indonesia, and Port Praslin, New Ireland Island, Bismarck Archipelago. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan, Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (alternans) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Madagascar. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (lepidolepis) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 336] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (meleagris) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 65 (pt 2, No. 3); ref. 91] Palk Straits, 9°51'50"N, 79°53'22"E, Investigator station 174, depth 7 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (poecilus) [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1868; ref. 7935] Zanzibar, Tanzania, western Indian Ocean (purchased). Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (reginae) [Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar; ref. 14503] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) [=Holacanthus sexstriatus Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:194, Chaetodon resimus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:71] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: Sumatra, Indonesia, South China Sea to New Caledonia and Vanuatu, Australia to Japan. Habitat: marine. (resimus) [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier 1831). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853) [=Holacanthus xanthometopon Bleeker [P.] 1853:258] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Telok betong, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker 1853). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Maldives east to Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia) and Western Australia to Japan. Habitat: marine.

Species Pomacanthus zonipectus (Gill, 1862) [=Pomacanthodes zonipectus Gill [T. N.] 1862:244] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1665] San Salvador, El Salvador. Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus zonipectus (Gill 1862). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Pygoplites Fraser-Brunner, 1933 [=Pygoplites Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:587] Notes: [ref. 671]. Masc. Chaetodon diacanthus Boddaert 1772. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Pygoplites Fraser-Brunner 1933 -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:188 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:626 [ref. 5714], Pyle 2001:3267 [ref. 26118], Allen et al. 2006:1309 [ref. 29090]). Current status: Valid as Pygoplites Fraser-Brunner 1933. Pomacanthidae.

Species Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert, 1772) [=Chaetodon diacanthus Boddaert [P.] 1772:1, Pl., Chaetodon boddaerti Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1243, Chaetodon diacanthus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:420, Chaetodon dux Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1255, Chaetodon fasciatus Bloch [M. E.] 1787:53, Pl. 195, Chaetodon flavescens Bennett [E. T.] 1831:61] Notes: [De Chaetodonte diacantho descripto .... 1 pl.; ref. 16974] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Madagascar Channel, Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius (Mascarenes) and Maldives east to Gambier Islands, north to southern Japan and Ryukyu Islands and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (boddaerti) [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] No locality. Current status: Synonym of Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (diacanthus) [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (dux) [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] India. Current status: Synonym of Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (fasciatus) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] East Indies. Current status: Synonym of Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. (flavescens) [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 19795] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert 1772). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Pacific and Indian Ocean (subspecies flavescens). Habitat: marine.

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Unavailable names, uncertain taxa armitagei, Apolemichthys Smith [J. L. B.] 1955:380, Pl. 4 (fig. B) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 8 (no. 89) (art. 46); ref. 4098] Mahé, Seychelles, western Indian Ocean, depth 6 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 5. •Synonym of Apolemichthys trimaculatus (Cuvier 1831) -- (Allen 1980:249 [ref. 22764]). •Valid as Apolemichthys armitagei Smith 1955 -- (authors). •Hybrid of Apolemichthys trimaculatus X Apolemichthys xanthurus -- (Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:278 [ref. 28072]). Current status: Synonym of Apolemichthys. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. circularis, Paradiretmus Whitley [G. P.] 1948:83, Fig. 6 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 22 (no. 1); ref. 4710] Off Lord Howe Island (stomach content). Holotype (unique): AMS IB.1944. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. diacanthus, Holacanthus Bleeker [P.] 1857:57 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Lectotype: BMNH 1858.4.21.461. Paralectotypes: (3). Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:347 [ref. 24106]. Wrongly treated as valid by Fricke 1999:347 [ref. 24106]; see Holacanthus bispinosus Günther 1860. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. amboinensis, Genicanthus lamarck var. Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:576, Fig. 18C [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1933 (pt 3, no. 30); ref. 671] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. trilineatus, Genicanthus lamarck var. Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1933:576, Fig. 18B [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1933 (pt 3, no. 30); ref. 671] Misool [Misol] Island, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. albofasciatus, Holacanthus Tanaka [S.] 1909:16 [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 27 (art. 8); ref. 4322] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 2146. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. ataja, Holacanthus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:526, 530 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Arabian Sea. Based on second of two names used by Forsskål for species also called Sciaena rubra. Used by Lacepède as valid which may thereby make the name available, dated to Forsskål 1775. •Probably a holocentrid and not a pomacanthid -- (R. Pyle, pers. comm. Nov. 2003). Holocentridae. Habitat: marine. diacanthus, Holacanthus Bleeker [P.] 1857:57 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Lectotype: BMNH 1858.4.21.461. Paralectotypes: (3). Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:347 [ref. 24106]. Wrongly treated as valid by Fricke 1999:347 [ref. 24106]; see Holacanthus bispinosus Günther 1860. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. forsteni, Holacanthus Bleeker [P.] 1877:139 [Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen (Amsterdam) v. 17 (art. 2); ref. 17112] Not available, museum name mentioned in passing in the synonymy of Holacanthus diacanthus Bleeker 1857. Pomacanthidae. forsteri, Holacanthus Günther [A.] 1860:48 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Not available, name on specimen mentioned under Holacanthus diacanthus Bleeker 1857. Pomacanthidae. iburu, Holacanthus Montrouzier [X.] 1857:447 [169] [Annales de la Société d'Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon (sér. 2) v. 8 (1856); ref. 17789] On p. 169 of reprint. Not available, manuscript name mentioned in passing in synonymy; from Woodlark I., South Pacific. Pomacanthidae. lamarckii, Holacanthus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:198, Pl. 184 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] An incorrect subsequent spelling of Holacanthus lamarck Lacepède 1802 appearing on Pl. 184; name was spelled correctly as lamarck in the text on p. 198 and elsewhere. •An incorrect subsequent spelling of Holacanthus lamarck Lacepède 1802 appearing on Pl. 184; name was spelled correctly as lamarck in the text on p. 198 and elsewhere. Pomacanthidae. lasti, Holacanthus von Bonde [C.] 1934:449, Pl. 23 (fig. 2) [Annals of the Natal Museum. v. 7 (pt 3); ref. 16466] Shearwater Patches, north of Zanzibar, Tanzania, western Indfian Ocean, depth 17 fathoms. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. nigrocaeruleus, Chaetodon Commerson [P.] in Lacepède 1802:534 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Appeared as "Chaetodon nigro- caeruleus, lineis obliquatis ..." in the account of Holacanthus imperator. Regarded as non-binominal and not available. See ICZN Opinion 89. Pomacanthidae. nigrolunatus, Acanthochaetodon Tanaka [S.] 1918:223 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 30 (no. 356); ref. 17357] Tokyo fish market, probably from Izu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 8344 (lost). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. rodriquesi, Holacanthus von Bonde [C.] 1934:448, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Annals of the Natal Museum. v. 7 (pt 3); ref. 16466] Zanzibar fish market, Tanzania, western Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. semicircularis, Holacanthus De Vis [C. W.] 1884:457 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4898] Not available; an incorrect subsequent spelling of Holacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier 1831. Appeared as "Holacanthus semi-circularis C. & V." in original. Allen 1980:251 [ref. 22764] implies that this is a separate description. Pomacanthidae. somervillii, Holacanthus Regan [C. T.] 1908:228, Pl. 24 (fig. 6) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Coetivy Island, Seychelles Is, Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.3.23.97. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. tenigab, Holacanthus Montrouzier [X.] 1857:447 [169] [Annales de la Société d'Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon (sér. 2) v. 8 (1856); ref. 17789] Woodlark Island, South Pacific. No types known. On p. 169 of reprint. •Unidentifiable, probably a Centropyge -- (R. Pyle, pers. comm. Nov. 2003). Pomacanthidae. uniocellatus, Holacanthus Kner [R.] 1867:no page number, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 56; ref. 2645] Illustration only, may be illustration of Holacanthus monophthalmus Kner with a manuscript name. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. leachii, Chaetodon Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:124 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Madeira. •Possible synonym of Pomacanthus paru (Bloch 1787) -- (Maugé 1990:841 [ref. 17126]). Current status: Uncertain as Pomacanthus paru (Bloch 1787). Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine. rathbuni, Pomacanthus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1915:Chaetodontidae p. 7, Pl. opposite p. 6 [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 17; ref. 3711] Bahia, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNRJ 3137. Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1953:396 [ref. 12732]. On p. 207 when continuously paginated. Pomacanthidae. Habitat: marine.