Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Annual Report 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath Tuairisc Bhliantúil 2017 Scoil Na Fisice Cosmaí

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Annual Report 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath Tuairisc Bhliantúil 2017 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí

Réalteolaíocht agus Réaltfhisic Sprioc 1: Eolas agus léargais nua a fháil trí bhuntaighde agus scoláireacht ardleibhéil Gan amhras b’í eachtra na bliana an brath de chumasc neodrónréalta i dtonnta mtharraingteacha agus an brath ina dhiaidh sin d’astú leictreamaighnéadach. Ar ámharaí an tsaoil, tharla an eachtra i réigiún den spéir agus ag am nuair a bhí sé inrochtana do theileascóip gáma-gha ardfhuinnimh H.E.S.S. a bhreathnaigh air mar thargaid deise laistigh de chúig uair a’ chloig ach nach bhfaca dada. Mar sin féin, cuir sé seo ar chumas H.E.S.S. teorainneacha uasta a chur ar an astú gáma-gha ardfhuinnimh ón gcumasc agus d’fhág go rabhamar inár mbaill d’fhoireann domhanda de bhreis agus 3500 eolaí páirteach san fheachtas il-tonnfhad. Mar a tharla sé, b’é an cuibhreannas H.E.S.S., a bhfuil DIAS ina bhall de, an chéad réadlann ar talamh a bhí ábalta an fhoinse a bhreathnú de bharr an tsuímh geografaigh atá aige i ndeisceart na hAfraice.

Lean J. Mackey dá chomhar le ndéantar formhór na ngathanna féidir le scealla dá leithéid foirmiú V.V. Gvaramadze, N. Langer, T. cosmacha réaltracha breathnaithe réaltaí a óstáil (Szecsi et al., 2018, Haworth agus comhghleacaithe a luasghéarú in iarsmaí ollnóva á chur i gcló, leagan réamhchló i dtogra ina rinne siad an chéad aonair agus go mb’fhéidir gurb ar fáil ag arXiv:1711.04007). bhrath ar bholgán gaoithe réaltaí iad gaotha réaltacha láidre ó Rinne sé imscrúdú ar éabhlóid thar réalta B aonair príomh- oll-réaltaí i mbraislí óga an réaltaí an-ollmhór i Réaltbhraislí sheicheamh (Gvaramadze et al., phríomhfhoinse, go háirithe Cruinneogacha ar mhiotalacht 2017, MNRAS,466,1857). Bhí mórthimpeall ar fhuinnimh PeV. íseal, agus fuair sé amach gur an samhaltú ríomhaireachta ar Ina theannta sin, tá sé ag teacht féidir le réaltaí na 2 glúine foirmiú an réaltnéal séidte ag an ngaoth go maith lena bhfuair Grúpa i ndlúthscealla mórthimpeall ar agus a shínithe breathnaitheacha Foirmithe Réaltaí DIAS amach ollfhathaigh. Ina thennta sin, is ríthábhachtach chun an maíomh cúpla bliain ó shin gur féidir le féidir le patrúin ﬂiúirse ceimice na seo a dhéanamh. Tá sé seo réalta óga ar mhais íseal, ﬁú, a réalt a fhoirmítear ar an mbealach suntasach toisc go bhfuil cinntí bheith ina bhfoinsí do ghathanna seo bheith ag meaitseáil leo siúd breathnaitheach ar láidreacht cosmacha ísealfuinnimh atá ag an daonraí ilréaltacha na ngaoth réaltacha ó réalta (Ainsworth et al. 2014). a fhaightear i Réaltbhraislí B an-éiginnte agus go bhfuil Cruinneogacha. B’fhéidir go tuartha teoiriciúla an-deacair. Rinne J. Mackey forbairt ar a gcuideoidh an obair seo go mór Mar thoradh ar an mbolgán obair roimhe seo ag déanamh le réiteach ar an bhfaidhb atá gaoithe a bhrath go díreach agus staidéir ar scealla réaltaí ann le fada maidir leis an gcaoi a mhéid agus a fhuinneamh a mórthimpeall ar ollfhathaigh inar foirmíodh réaltbhraislí thomhas tugtar srian láidir agus dhearga, lean ríomh cathain is cruinneogacha. neamhspleách ar fhuinneamh na gaoithe.

Nascann an obair seo go breá le roinn torthaí suntasacha a fuair Felix Aharonian agus a chomhghleacaithe. Ag féachaint ar dháíleadh gathach astú gáma- gha ardfhuinnimh thar roinnt gaolmhaireachtaí óga OB tá ﬁanaise faighte acu a léiríonn luasghéarú suntasach gathanna cosmacha i gcumaisc réaltaí den chineál sin. Tugann sé seo le tuiscint go m’fhéidur nach mór leasú a dhéanamh ar an tuairim DIAS Scholar wins 2017 Earnshaw Medal a nglactar léi i gcoitinne, go Bhuaigh Scoláire ó Institiúid Árd- Léinn an Bonn Earnshaw

38 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School Of Cosmic Physics

Astronomy and Astrophysics Goal 1: Discovery of new knowledge and insights through advanced fundamental research and scholarship The science event of the year was undoubtedly the detection of a neutron star merger in gravitational waves and the subsequent detection of electromagnetic emission. Fortunately, the event occurred in a region of the sky and at a time when it was accessible to the H.E.S.S. high-energy gamma-ray telescopes which observed it as a target of opportunity within ﬁve hours but saw nothing. Nevertheless, this enabled H.E.S.S. to place upper limits on the high- energy gamma-ray emission from the merger and made us part of the world-wide team of over 3500 scientists involved in the multi-wavelength campaign. The H.E.S.S. consortium, of which DIAS is a member, was in fact the ﬁrst ground-based observatory to be able to observe the source due to its favourable geographical location in Southern Africa.

J. Mackey continued his massive stars in young clusters may abundance patterns of the stars collaboration with V.V. in fact be the dominant source, formed in this way can match those Gvaramadze, N. Langer, T. especially around PeV energies. of the multiple stellar populations Haworth and co-workers in a Moreover, it also dovetails with found in Globular Clusters. This project where they made the first the discovery by the DIAS Star work may prove to be a significant detection of a stellar-wind bubble Formation Group a few years ago contribution to the long-standing around a single main-sequence that even low mass young stars may problem of how Globular Clusters B star (Gvaramadze et al., 2017, be sources of low energy cosmic formed. rays (Ainsworth et al. 2014). MNRAS,466,1857). Internationally acclaimed photo of the “Star Betelgeuse” The computer modelling of J. Mackey built on his previous (taken by Dr. O’ Gorman, DIAS) the wind-blown nebula and its work studying circumstellar Pictiúr le moladh idirnáisiúnta observational signatures was shells around red supergiants, don 'Star Betelgeuse'(Dr O key to making this claim. This is to calculate when such shells Gorman,DIAS) significant because observational can host star formation (Szecsi determinations of the strength et al., 2018, in press, preprint at of stellar winds from B stars are arXiv:1711.04007). very uncertain and theoretical predictions are very difficult. He investigated evolution of very Detecting the wind bubble directly massive stars in low-metallicity and measuring its size and energy Globular Clusters, and found that gives a powerful and independent 2nd generation stars can form in constraint on the wind strength. dense shells around supergiants. Furthermore, the chemical This work links nicely to some remarkable results obtained by Felix Aharonian and his coworkers. Looking at the radial distribution of high-energy gamma-ray emission around several young OB associations they have found evidence pointing to significant cosmic ray acceleration in such star clusters.

This suggests that the generally accepted idea, that the bulk of the observed Galactic cosmic rays are accelerated in individual supernova remnants, may need revision and Hess Radio Telescope Array in Namibia (DIAS Lead Partner) that strong stellar winds from Hess Radio Telescope Array in Namibia (i bpáirt le DIAS)

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 39 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Bhrath an Grúpa Foirmithe thar ceann phobal réalteolaíochta (Anton Freeney-Johanssen) agus Réaltaí réalta óg ag minicíochtaí na hÉireann, agus le tacaíocht eolaí tacaíochta LOFAR (an Dr raidió an-íseal den chéad uair ríthábhachtach ó Joe Hogan ón Oisin Creaner, a bhí in Institiúid ag baint úsáide as LOFAR (Colm tionscal, d’fhógair Rialtas na Teicneolaíochta Bhaile Átha Cliath Coghlan et al. 2017). Ní hamháín hÉireann go raibh sé ar intinn roimhe seo) lonnaithe in DIAS gur oscail sé seo “fuinneog” nua ar aige dul isteach sa Réadlann faoi dheireadh na bliana 2017. bhreith réaltach ach freisin fuair Eorpach sa Leathsféar Theas. siad amach gur chas an speictream Leis an gcinneadh seo, baintear Tá comhaontú sroichte i raidió thart, a chuir ar a gcumas amach aidhm a bhí ag Scoil bprionsabal leis an Institiúid neart ghaoth ianaithe an réalta na Fisice Cosmaí le fada agus Taighde sa Réaltfhisic agus a thomhas. Rud nua eile ab ea tugtar aghaidh ar bhearna Pláinéadeolaíocht (IRAP) atá an brath d’fhuilleamh diosca thromchúiseach i struchtúr lonnaithe i Toulouse le rochtain eipeasóideach i réad réaltach óg taighde na hÉireann atá ann a cheadú do DIAS ar shonraí ón ardmhaise ag Alessio Caratti o ó cuireadh deireadh leis an Suirbhé Oidhreachta SPIRou Garatti et al a foisíodh san iris gcomhaontú La Palma idir DIAS (SLS). Sa suirbhé seo, a éileoidh Nature Physics. Tacaíonn an tátal agus an Ríocht Aontaithe. Meastar cúpla céad ar Theileascóp Haváí seo leis an tuairim chonspóideach go dtarlóidh aontachas foirmiúil Cheanada agus na Fraince (CFHT) gur féidir le réaltaí ollmhóra ag druidim le deireadh na bliana thar ceithre bliana déanfar tomhas foirmiú ar bhealach atá an-chosúil 2018 agus ceadóidh sé rochtain ag ar na réimsí maighnéadacha le réaltaí ar mhais íseal. Mar réalteolaithe na hÉireann ar chuid agus a dtimpeallachtaí. Ina chríoch, rinne Eamon O’Gorman de na háiseanna réalteolaíochta ar theannta sin, ligfear dúinn brath et al. breathnuithe ALMA a réitigh talamh is fearr ar domhan. a dhéanamh ar phleainéid de atmaisféar an ollfhathaigh dhearg mhais an Domhain mórthimpeall Betelgeuse. I ndiaidh athbhreithnithe ar na ar réaltaí de chineál M (na réaltaí 3 misean atá á meas do shliotán is coitianta sa Réaltra). Cuideoidh Rinne Spásteileascóp James M4 ESA (lainseáil thart ar 2025), ranníocaíocht airgeadais DIAS leis Webb (JWST) beagnach 100 chinn an coiste comhairleach an maoiniú do chiar minicíochta lá de thástáil chrióigineach ag ábhartha ARIEL a mholadh, léasair (LFC) le cur isteach i Lárionad Spáis Johnson i Houston, misean a fhiosróidh na hatmaisféir SPIRou. Mar thoradh air seo beidh Texas. D’éirigh go maith leis na atá ag cúpla céad eiseapláinéad. cruinneas luais níos airde fós tástálacha go léir lena n-áirítear na Comh-Phríomhthaighdeoir is (codán de mhéadar in aghaidh an cinn sin a bhain leis an Ionstraim ea Tom Ray agus tá sé ar intinn soicind) ná mar a samhlaíodh ar Mheán-Infreadhearg (MIRI) go gcuirfidh DIAS scoiltirí léis dtús i sonraíochtaí na hionstraime. a bhfuil baint ag DIAS léi. Tá agus scagairí ar fáil agus go moill curtha ar lainseáil JWST, bhforbróimid na bogearraí do Mar ullmhúchán do dhul ar scoir áfach, ó Dheireadh Fómhair thorthaí brathadóra i gcomhar le Luke Drury i Meitheamh na 2018, ar dtús go dtí Earrach 2019 JPL. Cuireadh an cinneadh deiridh bliana 2018 bhunaigh an Bord agus anois go 2020. Tá an clár ón gCoiste Polasaí Eolaíochta Stiúrtha coiste cuardaigh agus ama comhaontaithe JWST, ina (SPC) maidir le ARIEL a ghlacadh roghnúcháin chun cuardach a bhfuil DIAS páirteach go mór, ar athló go dtí Márta 2018 ach tá dhéanamh d’iarrthóir ag obair i i aontaithe. Gheobhaidh Patrick sé sin dearbhaithe anois. réimse na n-eiseapláinéad agus/nó Kavanagh agus Martin Topinka na fisice gréine agus fógraíodh an oiliúínt chun obair ar an láthair Ó dheireadh mhí Iúil 2017, tá post i Meitheamh 2017. Is ionann sa Seomra Rialaithe san Institiúid stáisiún LOFAR na hÉireann é seo agus scoilt ón mbéim láidir Eolaíochta Spásteileascóip i dtaca i mBiorra, Contae Uibh Fhailí a bhíodh ann ar an réaltfhisic le hoibríochtaí JWST. Bhaul comhtháite leis an gcuid eile de ardfhuinnimh agus tá sé ceaptha Cuibhreannas um Ionstraim líonra LOFAR na hEorpach atá le naisc a fhorbairt le hobair Mheán-Infreadhearg (MIRI) lárnaithe san Isiltír. Tá tús curtha na Rannóige Geofisice chomh JWST i mBaile Átha Cliath i Meán le gnáthbhreathnuithe lena maith le forbairt a dhéanamh ar Fómhair chun athbhreithniú a n-áirítear roinnt príomhchlár an gcnuasach láidir de shaothar dhéanamh ar an dul chun cinn. eolaíochta a bhfuil baint ag atá déanta ag an ngrúpa foirmiú an tír seo leo. Bhí comhalta réalta. Rinneadh an gearrliostú I ndiaidh dianstocaireachta ag iardhochtúireachta LOFAR (an agus bhí agallaimh ann faoi Tom Ray agus Paul Callanan Dr Simon Purser, a bhí in Ollscoil dheireadh na bliana. (Coláiste na hOllscoil, Corcaigh) Leeds roimhe), mac léinn PhD

40 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

The Star Formation Group Ireland’s research infrastructure to detect Earth-massed planets detected a young star at very low which has existed since the around M-type stars (the most radio frequencies for the first time ending of the La Palma agreement common stars in the Milky Way). using LOFAR (Colm Coghlan et al. between DIAS and the UK. Formal The DIAS financial contribution will 2017). Not only did this open up accession is expected to take place help fund a laser frequency comb a new “window” on stellar birth towards the end of 2018 and will (LFC) for insertion into SPIRou. This but they also found the radio allow access by Irish astronomers will result in even higher velocity spectrum turned over, allowing to some of the best ground-based precision (a fraction of a metre per them to measure the strength of astronomical facilities in the world. second) than originally envisaged in the star’s ionised wind. Another the instrument’s specifications. first was the detection of episodic Following a review of the 3 disk accretion in a high-mass missions being considered for In preparation for the retirement young stellar object by Alessio ESA’s M4 slot (launch around of Luke Drury in June 2018 the Caratti o Garatti et al which 2025), the relevant advisory Governing Board set up a search appeared in Nature Physics. This committee decided to recommend and selection committee to look finding supports the controversial ARIEL, a mission that will explore for a candidate working in the areas idea that massive stars may form the atmospheres of several of exoplanets and/or solar physics in a very similar way to their low hundred exoplanets. Tom Ray and advertised the position in June mass brethren. Finally Eamon is Co-Principal Investigator and 2017. This represents a break from O’Gorman et al. carried out the intention is that DIAS will the previous strong emphasis on ALMA observations that resolved contribute beam splitters and high-energy astrophysics and is the atmosphere of the red giant filters as well as develop the intended to build links to the work Betelgeuse. detector readout software in of the Geophysics Section as well association with JPL. The final as to build on the strong track The James Webb Space Telescope decision on adopting ARIEL from record of the star-formation group. (JWST) completed almost 100 the Science Policy Committee The shortlisting and interviews were days of cryogenic testing at the (SPC) was deferred until March completed by the end of the year. Johnson Space Center in Houston, 2018 but is now confirmed. Texas. All tests went well including Felix Aharonian was honoured by those involving the Mid-Infrared Since the end of July 2017, the election to membership of the Instrument (MIRI) in which DIAS Irish LOFAR station at Birr, County Academia Europaea. is involved. The launch of JWST Offaly, has been integrated into Luke Drury was appointed has however been delayed from the rest of the European LOFAR by ALLEA, the All European October 2018, first to Spring network centred in the Netherlands. Academies group, on the 2019 and now to 2020. The JWST Routine observations have begun nomination of the Royal Irish guaranteed time program, in which including a number of key science Academy, to be a member of its DIAS is substantially involved, programs with Irish involvement. working group looking at the issue has been agreed upon. Patrick A LOFAR postdoctoral fellow of Trust in Science. Kavanagh and Martin Topinka (Dr Simon Purser, formerly of the will receive training to work on University of Leeds), PhD student (Anton Freeney-Johanssen) and Goal 2: Internationalisation site at the Space Telescope of our research and Science Institute Control Room in LOFAR support scientist (Dr Oisin connection with JWST operations. Creaner, formerly Dublin Institute of collaborations The JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument Technology) were in place in DIAS Through Jonathan Mackey’s IRC (MIRI) Consortium met in Dublin in by the end of 2017. funded project on the "Evolution September to review progress. and Explosion of Massive Stars" we An agreement has been reached in invited a number of international principle with the Toulouse based Following intensive lobbying by speakers and participants to the Research Institute in Astrophysics Tom Ray and Paul Callanan (UCC) workshops held in DIAS (25-26 May and Planetology (IRAP) to allow on behalf of the Irish astronomical 2017) and Armagh Observatory and DIAS access to data from the community, and with crucial support Planetarium (10-11 August 2017). from industry in the person of SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS). This Joe Hogan, the Irish Government survey, requiring several hundred Invited review speakers: announced its intention to join the nights on the Canada France Hawaii European Southern Observatory. Telescope (CFHT) over four years u Sylvia Ekström (Geneva) This fulfils a long-standing ambition will measure the magnetic fields of reviewing the evolution of of the School of Cosmic Physics young stars and their environments. massive stars and challenges we and addresses a serious deficit in In addition, it will also allow us face in understanding this;

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 41 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Sprioc 2: Idirnáisiúnú ar ár u Dan Whalen (Portsmouth) ag Kieran O’Brien (Durham) maidir dtaighde agus comhair caint faoi éabhlóid na réaltaí le KIDSpec; an Speictreagraf sárollmhóra agus a dtitim go Induchtaithe Cinéiteach do Trí thogra Jonathan Mackey, dúphoill; réalteolaíocht optach/IR, maoinithe ag IRC, ar "Éabhlóid agus Pléascadh Réaltaí Ollmhóra" u Nancy Elias Rosa (an Iodáil) Pieter de Visser (SRON) maidir thugamar cuireadh do roinnt ag caint faoi ollnóvaí a le Dinimic Cuasacháithníní cainteoirí agus rannpháirtithe idrighníomaíonn le dlúthghás idirnáisiúnta teacht chuig na mórthimpeall, agus rudaí a Jason Austermann ceardlanna a eagraíodh in DIAS bhfuil cuma ollnóva orthu ach (NIST) maidir le Brathadóirí (25-26 Bealtaine 2017) agus nach ollnóvaí iad; agus Ionduchtaithe Ciníteach Réadlann agus Pláinéadlann Ard Ilsrathacha Ti TiN do Mhacha (10-11 Lúnasa 2017). u Allard Jan van Marle (Páras) Polaraiméadracht Toinn Fo- ag caint faoi cháithníní Mhiliméadair agus Miliméadair, Cainteoirí athbhreithnithe ar neamtheirmeacha (gathanna tugadh cuireadh dóibh: cosmacha) agus a luasghéarú i Jonas Zmuidzinas (Caltech/JPL) gcroití. maidir le KIDanna: Dúshláin agus u Sylvia Ekström (An Ghinéiv) Deiseanna. ag caint faoi éabhlóid réaltaí Eagraíodh ceardlann i DIAS ón ollmhóra agus dúshláin 7-8 Meán Fomhair ar Bhrathadóirí IMTHARRAINGT atá romhainn chun é seo a Ionduchtaithe Cinéiteach Lean DIAS dá chomhoibriú thuiscint; Micreathoinne (MKIDanna) le hInstitiúid Réalteolaíochta agus tugadh cuireadh do na Max (MPIA) i Heidelberg agus u Ben Davies (Learpholl) ag hoibrithe idirnáisiúnta is mó sa an Institut de Planétologie et caint faoinár dtuiscint ar réalta réimse bheith i láthair. Fuair an d’Astrophysique (IPAG) i Grenoble Ollfhathaigh Dhearga; cheardlann tacaíocht ó SFI trí maidir leis an trasnamhéadar neas-infreadhearg don chéad u Robert Izzard (Cambridge) ag dheontas chuig Tom Ray. I measc plé córas réaltaí déacha; na gcaointeoirí bhí ann: ghlúin eile GRAVITY lonnaithe ag an suíomh Paranal de chuid ESO. u Debora Sijacki (Cambridge) Peter Day (Caltech) maidir D’áirigh sé seo cuidiú ó bhaill ag caint faoin gcaoi ina bhfuil le hIonduchtú Cinéiteach foirne DIAS sa choimisiúnú agus réaltaí ollmhóra agus ollnóvaí Neamhlíneach, luathbhreathnuithe ar réaltaí óga tábhachtach do shamhaltaí chun inniúlachtaí na hionstraime Jochem Baselmans (SRON) cosmeolaíochta d’fhoirmiú a ríomh. maidir le MKIDanna ar Réadlanna réaltraí; Spáis Todhchaí, RadioNet u Tom Ray (DIAS) ag caint linn Erik Shirkoff (Chicago) maidir Rinneadh ball den líonra faoi na deiseanna ag teacht le le Speictreascópacht Ar-Shlis ag ardleibhéil pobail AE RadioNet de Spásteileascóp James Webb an baint úsáid as MKIDanna, DIAS in éineacht le Coláiste na bhliain seo chugainn; agus Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath, mar Omid Noroozian (National aitheantas ar a rannpháirtíocht u Takashi Moria (NOA sa Radio Astronomy) maidir i dtogra LOFAR na hÉireann. tSeapáin) ag caint faoin na le Comhaireamh-Fótóin le Cuireann RadioNet polasaí naisc atá á dhéanamh againn hAthshonadóirí KID, Eorpach um aerspás oscailte chun idir ollnóvaí agus a réaltaí cinn don réalteolaíocht raidó sinsir. Philip Mauskopf (Arizona State agus faigheann sé tacaíocht trí University) maidir le Leictreonaic Do chruinniú Ard Mhacha mhaoiniú H2020. Go háirithe, Léamh don Chéad Ghlúin Eile, thugamar cuireadh dóibh seo a le maoiniú RadioNet, cuideoidh DIAS le bogearraí a fhorbairt leanas: Brad Johnson (Columbia), d’fhoirmiú léasacha LOFAR maidir le MIDanna Ilchróacha do u Nir Shaviv (Iosrael) ag caint optamacha nuair a bhíonn Staidéar Polarúcháin CMB, faoi réaltaí ollmhóra in aice le spriocanna réalteolaíochta ag teorainn na seasmhachta; Simon Doyle (Cardiff) maidir le airdí éagsúla. MUSCAT – Ceamara Contanaim bunaithe ar KID,

42 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

u Ben Davies (Liverpool) reviewing Jochem Baselmans (SRON) RadioNet our understanding of Red on MKIDs on Future Space DIAS became a member of the Supergiant stars; Observatories, EU advanced community network RadioNet, along with Trinity u Robert Izzard (Cambridge) Erik Shirkoff (Chicago) on On-chip College Dublin, in recognition of discussing binary star systems; Spectroscopy using MKIDs, its involvement in the Irish LOFAR u Debora Sijacki (Cambridge) Omid Noroozian (National project. RadioNet promotes a reviewing how massive stars Radio Astronomy Observatory) European open sky policy for and supernovae are important on Photon-Counting with KID radio astronomy and is supported for cosmological simulations of Resonators, through H2020 funding. In galaxy formation; particular DIAS, with RadioNet Philip Mauskopf (Arizona State funding, will help develop software u Tom Ray (DIAS) telling us about University) on Next Generation for optimal LOFAR beam forming the opportunities coming Readout Electronics, when astronomical targets are at with the James Webb Space varying altitude. Telescope next year; and Brad Johnson (Columbia) on Multi- Chroic MKIDs for CMB Polarization ARIEL u Takashi Moria (NOA Japan) Studies, We will be responsible for all reviewing the connections beam splitters and filters on the Simon Doyle (Cardiff) on MUSCAT we are beginning to make Atmospheric Remote-sensing – a KID-based Continuum Camera, between supernovae with their Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey progenitor stars. Jonas Zmuidzinas (Caltech/ (ARIEL). ARIEL has been developed JPL) on KIDs: Challenges and by a consortium of European For the Armagh meeting we Opportunities, institutes based in the UK, France, invited: Italy, the Netherlands, the Czech Kieran O’Brien (Durham) on Republic, Poland, Belgium, u Nir Shaviv (Israel) discussing KIDSpec; the Kinetic Inductance very massive stars near the limit Austria, Denmark, Portugal as Detector SPEctrograph for optical/ of stability; well as Ireland. This, of course, IR astronomy, will strengthen our international u Dan Whalen (Portsmouth) links but in particular we will be Pieter de Visser (SRON) on reviewing the evolution of working particularly closely with Quasiparticle Dynamics supermassive stars and their the University of Prague and the Rutherford Appleton Laboratories collapse to black holes; Jason Austermann (NIST) on Ti in Oxford, as collectively we are TiN Multilayer Kinetic Inductance u Nancy Elias Rosa (Italy) responsible for the so-called Detectors for Sub Millimeter and reviewing supernovae that common optics. Millimeter Wave Polarimetry, interact with surrounding dense Felix Aharonian continued as a gas, and things that look like Jonas Zmuidzinas (Caltech) member of the Scientific Advisory supernovae but aren't; and on KIDS: Challenges and Committee of the APPEC Opportunities u Allard Jan van Marle (Paris) Astroparticle Physics European discussing non-thermal GRAVITY Consortium; as chair of the particles (cosmic rays) and their DIAS continued its collaboration International Advisory Council of acceleration in shocks. with the Max Planck Institute of the UCCUB Institute of Sciences Astronomy (MPIA) in Heidelberg of the Cosmos, University of A workshop on Microwave Kinetic Barcelona; and as a member of Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) and the Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique (IPAG) in Grenoble the Science Advisory Committee was held in DIAS from 7th-8th of AHEAD, Integrated Activities September to which all the leading on the next generation near- infrared interferometer GRAVITY for the High-Energy Astrophysics international workers in the field Domain of Horizon 2020. were invited. The workshop was based at the ESO Paranal site. supported by SFI through a grant to This included assistance by DIAS Luke Drury continued as a Tom Ray. Speakers included: personnel in the commissioning member of the Science Steering and early observations of young Committee of PRACE, the Peter Day (Caltech) on Non-linear stars to determine the instruments European Partnership for Advanced Kinetic Inductance, capabilities. Computing; as a member of the Euro-ICSU management group

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 43 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

ARIEL Sprioc 3: Ceannairí taighde Mheall sé seo saineolaithe Beimid freagrach as na scoiltirí léis a mhealladh, a choinneáil idirnáisiúnta chomh maith agus scagairí ar fad ar an Suirbhé agus a chothú le saineolaithe náisiúnta: an Dr Gerhard Ulbricht (a bhí in Mór Eiseaplainéid Cianbhrath Thosaigh beirt mhac léinn PhD Ollscoil California, Santa Barbara Infreadhearg (ARIEL). Tá ARIEL tograí in 2017 sa réaltfhisic roimhe), an Dr Ivan Colantoni forbartha ag cuibhreannas ríomhaireachta ag obair le (a bhí in Ollscoil na Róimhe d’institúidí Eorpacha sa Ríocht J. Mackey: Sam Green agus roimhe), agus Colm Bracken (a Aontaithe, an Fhrainc, an Iodáil, Maria Moutzouri. Tá siad ag bhí sa Choláiste na hOllscoil, an Ísiltír, Poblacht na Seice, an obair ar ionsamhlúcháin de BÁC). Ina theannta sin ceapadh Pholainn, an Bheilg, an Ostair, réaltnéalta tiomáinte ag gaoth beirt mhac léinn PhD chuig an an Danmhairg, an Phortaingéil agus scaird timpeall ar réaltaí ngrúpa in 2017: Eoin Baldwin agus Éire. Ar ndóigh, láidreoidh ollmhóra, agus ag déanamh (Coláiste na hOllscoile, Corcaigh) sé seo ár naisc idirnáisiúnta breathnuithe bréige í na sonraí agus Mario De Lucia (Ollscoil ach beimid ag obair go dlúth le ionsamhlúcháin is féidir a chur i Naples). Tá an togra seo á rith i hOllscoil Phrág agus Saotharlanna gcomparáid le breathnuithe. Tá gcomhar leis an Lárionad CRANN Rutherford Appleton in Oxford S. Green ag díriú ar astú X-gha i gColáiste na Tríonóide BÁC go háirithe, toisc go bhfuilimid agus infreadhearg ó bholgáin agus Ollscoil Mhá Nuad. Tógfar le chéile freagrach as na hoptaic gaoithe, agus tá M. Moutzouri ag na brathadóirí réalteolaíochtaí choitianta, mar a thugtar orthu. déanamh imscrúdaithe ar astú nuae seo i CRANN agus déanfar raidió neamtheirmeach agus Lean Felix Aharonian de bheith iad a thástáil inár saotharlann próisis ghaolmhara luasghéaraithe ina bhall de Choiste Comhairleach crióiginice in DIAS ag teochtaí cáithníní. Eolaíochta an chuibhreannais faoi bhun 100 mK. Ag druidim le APPEC (Astroparticle Physics Nascann an taighde seo obair J. deireadh 2017, ordaíodh an córas European Consortium); mar Mackey ar réaltaí ollmhóra le crióiginice riachtanach ó Entropy i chathaoir ar an gComhairle láidreachtaí reatha taighde DIAS Munich mar thoradh ar thairiscint Chomhairleach d’Institiúid sa réaltfhisic: déanfar tuarthaí Eorpach. Measfar go ndéanfar é Eolaíochtaí an Chosmais d’astú infreadhearg a thástáil a sheachadadh i Meitheamh na UCCUB, Ollscoil Barcelona; ag Spásteileascóp James Webb bliana 2018. agus mar bhall de Choiste (grúpa an Ollaimh Ray), agus Le maoiniú ón gComhairle Comhairleach Eolaíochta AHEAD, tá ríomhanna d’astú X-gha agus Eorpach um Thaighde (Deontas Gníomhaíochtaí Comhtháite don luasghéarú cáithníní nasctha Ardleibhéil dár teideal Ejection Réimse Réaltfhisice Ardfhuinnimh le réaltfhisic ardfhuinnimh, áit Accretion Structures in YSOs (EASY)), de Horizon 2020. a bhfuil an-saineolas ag DIAS Líon Tom Ray dhá phost nua le is na hOllaimh Drury agus Lean Luke Drury de bheith iardhochtúireachta in 2017: Aharonian. Déanfar tuarthaí ina bhall den Choiste Stiúrtha an Dr Alessio Caratti o Garatti d’astú raidió neamhtheirmeacha Eolaíochta do PRACE (European le hobair ar GRAVITY agus an a thástáil le breathnuithe leis Partnership for Advanced Dr Simon Purser (a bhíodh in an líonra LOFAR de theileascóp Computing); mar bhall den Ollscoil Leeds tráth) le staidéar a raidió lena n-áirítear an t-eagar ghrúpa bainistíochta Euro-ICSU dhéanamh ar réaltaí óga ag baint nuabhunaithe I-LOFAR i mBiorra, d’Acadaimh Eorpacha; agus mar úsáide as LOFAR agus an Eagar a chuideoidh le tairbhe iomlán a Chathaoirleach ar Lárionad Barr An-Mhór Janksy (JVLA). Ceapadh bhaint as an gcuid thábhachtach Horizon 2020 E-CAM. dhá scoláireacht ghaolmhara seo d’infreastruchtúr freisin: Anton Feeney-Johansson réalteolaíochta na hÉireann. Lean Tom Ray mar Chathaoirleach (iarchéimí TCD) agus Camille ar Choiste Eolaíochtaí Fisice, Sa bhliain 2017 freisin seoladh Stock (MSc sa Réaltfhisic, St Ceimice agus Matamaitice an Grúpa nua um Brathadóirí Andrews). Chláraigh an bheirt de chuid Acadamh Ríoga na Ionduchtaithe Cinéiteach mhac léinn i Scoil na Fisice i hÉireann; mar bhall de Bhord Micreathoinne (MKIDanna) le gColáiste na Tríonóide, BÁC. Réadlann agus Plainéadlann tacaíocht ó SFI. Ard Mhacha agus mar bhall den Choiste Stiúrtha e-MERLIN sa Ríocht Aontaithe;

44 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

of European Academies; and as international as well as national Carlo Romoli was awarded a PhD Chair of the Horizon 2020 Centre of talent: Dr Gerhard Ulbricht from Dublin City University for Excellence E-CAM. (formerly of the University of his work on processing data from California, Santa Barbara), Dr Ivan the H.E.S.S. large CT5 telescope Tom Ray continued as Chair of Colantoni (formerly of the University to investigate flaring activity in the Royal Irish Academy’s Physical of Rome), and Colm Bracken AGNs and other sources. He Chemical and Mathematical (formerly University College Dublin). was subsequently offered a Sciences Committee; a member In addition two PhD students postdoctoral position in MPK of the Armagh Observatory and were appointed in 2017 to the Heidelberg. Planetarium Board and as a group: Eoin Baldwin (University member of the e-MERLIN Steering College Cork) and Mario De Lucia Goal 4: Strengthening the Committee in the UK. (University of Naples). This project disciplines nationally is in collaboration with the CRANN Massive Stars meetings: Goal 3: Attracting, Centre in Trinity College Dublin In 2016 a number of new Astronomy retaining and cultivating and the Maynooth University. These and Astrophysics research groups research leaders new astronomical detectors will were set up in Ireland to study be manufactured in CRANN and Two PhD students started massive stars, their evolution, and tested in our cryogenics lab in projects in 2017 in computational explosion. J. Mackey obtained DIAS at temperatures below 100 astrophysics working with J. funding from the IRC New mK. Towards the end of 2017, the Mackey: Sam Green and Maria Foundations programme to run a required cryogenic system was Moutzouri. They are working on series of meetings linking these ordered from Entropy in Munich simulations of wind- and jet-driven researchers to their Northern Irish following on from a European nebulae around massive stars, and colleagues at research centres for tender. It is expected to be making synthetic observations the evolution (Armagh Observatory delivered in June 2018. from the simulation data that can and Planetarium, AOP) and be compared with observations. With funding from the European explosion (Queens University S. Green is focussing on X-ray Research Council (Advanced Belfast) of stars. These meetings and infrared emission from wind Grant entitled Ejection Accretion aimed to enable knowledge bubbles, whereas M. Moutzouri Structures in YSOs (EASY)), Tom exchange, build collaborations, is investigating non-thermal radio Ray filled two new postdoctoral help group leaders to develop emission and related particle- positions in 2017: Dr Alessio Caratti complementary themes of research, acceleration processes. o Garatti to work on GRAVITY and strengthen North-South This research links the massive and Dr Simon Purser (formerly of collaboration in education and stars work of J. Mackey with current the University of Leeds) to study public engagement projects. A strengths of DIAS astrophysics young stars using LOFAR and the website was set up at https://www. research: predictions for infrared Janksy Very Large Array (JVLA). dias.ie/eestars/ with information emission will be tested by the Two associated studentships were relating to the meetings. also appointed: Anton Feeney- upcoming James Webb Space The first meeting was held at the Johansson (TCD graduate) and Telescope (Prof. Ray's group), and Dublin Institute for Advanced Camille Stock (MSc in Astrophysics, calculations for X-ray emission and Studies on the 25th and 26th of St Andrews). Both students particle acceleration link into high- May 2017, with 44 participants from registered in the School of Physics energy astrophysics where DIAS Ireland and overseas. It was great in TCD. is very well represented by Profs. to see the breadth of research Drury and Aharonian. Predictions Donna Rodgers-Lee was awarded being undertaken in the country, for non-thermal radio emission will a PhD by Trinity College Dublin and the potential for collaboration be tested by observations with the for her research into disks around and growth. The second meeting LOFAR network of radio telescopes young stars. This included both took place on the 10th and 11th of including the newly installed observational work based on August 2017 at AOP, and focused I-LOFAR array in Birr, helping to data from the Herschel Space on getting input from international make full use of this key piece of Observatory and computational colleagues about the current Irish astronomy infrastructure. simulations on the growth of the state of the art and upcoming 2017 also saw the launch of the magneto-rotational instability in developments in research, with 33 new SFI-supported Microwave disks. She subsequently obtained participants. We discussed both the Kinetic Inductance Detector a postdoctoral position at the technical aspects of research and (MKIDs) Group. This attracted University of Hertfordshire. how to build the research base and

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 45 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Bhain Donna Rodgers-Lee dias.ie/eestars/le heolas maidir leis céim PhD amach ó Choláiste na cruinnithe. na Tríonóide BÁC as a taighde ar dhioscaí timpeall ar réaltaí Tionóladh an chéad chruinniú ag óga. D’áirigh sé seo obair Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha bhreathnaithe bunaithe ar shonraí Cliath an 25 agus 26 Bealtaine ó Réadlann Spáis Herschel agus 2017, le 44 rannpháirtí ó Éirinn ionsamhlúchán ríomhaireachta ar agus thar lear. B’iontach an rud fhás éagobhsaíochta maighéada- léargas a fháil ar leithead an rothlaí i ndioscaí. Ina dhiaidh sin taighde atá ar siúl sa tír, agus fuair sí post iardhochtúireachta in an cumas le comhar agus fás. Ollscoil Hertfordshire. Bhí an dara cruinniú ann an 10 agus 11 Lúnasa 2017 ag AOP, Bhain Carlo Romoli céim PhD agus díríodh ar ionchur a fháil o amach ó Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile chomhghleacaithe idirnáisiúnta Átha Cliath as a chuid oibre ar faoi fhorbairtí reatha agus faoi shonraí a phróiseáil ó theileascóp fhorbairtí atá ag teacht sa taighde, faoi láthair is iad na teileascóip mór CT5 H.E.S.S. chun staidéar le 33 rannpháirtí. Phléamar sa Réadlann Eorpach sa a dhéanamh ar ghníomhaíocht gnéithe teicniúla an taighde agus Leathsféar Theas (ESO) sa tSile bladhmtha in AGNann agus foinsí freisin conas an bonn taighde a na cinn is fearr ar domhan chun eile. Ina dhiaidh sin tairgeadh post fhorbairt agus ár bpobal a fhás. staidéar a dhéanamh ar réaltaí iardhochtúireachta dó in MPK Bhí an-rath ar na cruinnithe ollmhóra, mar sin má thógtar an Heidelberg. i dtéarmaí aird a dhíriú ar an chomhdháil ardiomrá seo chun na méid taighde atá á dhéanamh i hÉireann cuideofar le feasacht ar Sprioc 4: Na disciplíní a mbeagnach gach ollscoil ar oileán ESO a ardú agus le haird a dhíriú láidriú go náisiúnta na hÉireann, agus i dtéarmaí ar na torthaí ardchaighdeáin Cruinnithe faoi Réaltaí daoine a thabhairt le chéile chun a tháirgeann pobal taighde na Ollmhóra: caidreamh a bhunú lena chéile. hEireann ag baint úsáide as áiseanna ESO. Sa bhliain bunaíodh roinnt grúpaí Bhí dhá ócáid for-rochtana poiblí againn freisin a bhí nasctha leis taighde nua Réalteolaíochta For-rochtain/Oideachas: agus Réaltfhisice in Éirinn na cruinnithe: Oíche Oscailte Táimid an-bhuíoch dár chun staidéar a dhéanamh ar amháin i Réadlann Dhún Sinche gcomhpháirtí réalteolaíochta réaltaí ollmhóra, a n-éabhlóid, (cainteoir: Erkki Kankare ó amaitéarach, Cumann agus pléascadh. Fuair J. Ollscoil na Banríona Béal Feirste), Réalteolaíochta na hÉireann Mackey maoiniú ón gclár IRC agus Oíche Oscoilte amháin ag (IAS), as a dtacaíocht leanúnach New Foundations le sraith de AOP (cainteoir: Erin Higgins ó le hoicheanta oscailte poiblí agus chruinnithe a eagrú chun na AOP). imeachtaí eile a reachtáiltear ag taighdeoirí seo a nascadh lena I ndiaidh na gcruinnithe seo, Réadlann Dhún Sinche DIAS. gcomhghleacaithe i dTuaisceart bhí J. Mackey i gceannas ar Lena gcuid eolais faoi spéir na Éireann ag lárionaid taighde ar thogra le roinnt comhghleacaithe hóiche agus a ndíograis chun éabhlóid réalatí (Réadlann agus go ndéanfaí óstáil ar an gcéad é seo a chur in iúl don phobal, Pleainéadlann Ard Mhacha, AOP) chruinniú eile ar Réaltaí Ollmhóra trí chainteanna/plé agus trí agus pléascadh réaltaí (Ollscoil de chuid an Aontais Idirnáisiúnta theileascóip a bhunú ag ab na Banríona Béal Feirste). Bhí Réalteolaíochta (IAU) in Réadlann, cuirtear go mór le sé d’aidhm ag na cruinnithe 2020. Tá sé seo roghnaithe saibhreas thaithí na gcuairteoirí seo cuidiú le malartú eolais, ag an gCoimisiún um Réaltaí ar ár n-imeachtaí. comhair a fhorbairt, cuidiú le Ollmhóra mar an togra is fearr ceannairí grúpaí téamaí taighde a cuireadh isteach agus mar comhlántacha a fhorbairt, sin, cé go bhfuil roinnt cinntí agus comhar Thuaidh-Theas a ardleibhéil le glacadh, tá dóchas neartú i dtograí oideachais agus againn go dtiocfaidh an cruinniú rannpháirtíochta poiblí. Bunaíodh idirnáisiúnta cáiliúil seo go suíomh gréasáin ag https://www. hÉirinn 2020.

46 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

grow our community. The meetings As in previous years, DIAS Dunsink members of our partner amateur were a great success in terms of Observatory enthusiastically astronomy societies. highlighting how much research contributed to National Science is being done in almost every Week (12-19th November) with The radio antenna is tuned to the university on the island of Ireland, events for schools and the general GRAVES transmitter in France, and in bringing people together to public. The outreach events were and detects radio waves reflected engage with each other. We also supported by a small grant from SFI from the meteors back to Earth. held two public outreach events to bring in Seanie Morris for two Equipment for the cameras and associated with the meetings: one days of rocket workshops, public antenna can be purchased off- Open Night at Dunsink Observatory talks, and Big Bear Planetariums the-shelf and is used by members (speaker: Erkki Kankare of Queen's for a day of astronomy learning for of the NEMETODE network of University Belfast), and one Open schools using a mobile planetarium. meteor observers in the UK and Night at AOP (speaker: Erin Higgins Ireland. It is developing into a of AOP). Transition Year Science Week at successful professional-amateur DIAS Dunsink Observatory: collaboration, that has the potential Following these meetings, J. We started TY Science Week at for useful scientific advances as Mackey led a proposal with some DIAS Dunsink Observatory at well as education and engagement colleagues to host the next Massive the end of February 2017, based activities. We also plan to link Stars Meeting of the International around the SFI-funded meteor in to the established meteor Astronomical Union (IAU) in 2020. cameras and radio antenna installed observing programme at Armagh This has been selected by the on the Observatory grounds. These Observatory. Massive Stars Commission as detectors automatically scan the Citizen Science Engagement: the best submitted proposal and sky and record shooting stars, or so, while there are still a number meteors, when they come into the We have received very positive of higher-level decisions to be field of view, and are detecting over feedback about our Citizen Science taken, we are hopeful that this 2200 meteors per year (plus many approach to public engagement prestigious international meeting birds, bats, airplanes and satellites). and education at DIAS Dunsink will now come to Ireland in 2020. We had a group of 5 students from Observatory. This adds a different The telescopes of the European Castleknock and the wider Dublin dimension to the TY Week Southern Observatory (ESO) in and Kildare areas, and plan to experience, and also allows us to Chile are currently the best in increase this to 15-20 for 2018. A engage better with our amateur the world for studying massive very positive development is that astronomy partners, the Irish stars, so bringing this high-profile some of the DIAS PhD students are Astronomical Society (IAS) and the international conference to Ireland beginning to take on leadership Irish Federation of Astronomical will help to raise awareness of ESO roles in developing the teaching Societies (IFAS). and showcase the high-quality and learning materials for the week, On the 21st of October 2017 we results that the Irish research notably Sam Green. community produces using ESO hosted the NEMETODE Meteor facilities. The Transition Year students learn workshop at DIAS Dunsink how day-to-day scientific research is Observatory, with talks by William Outreach/Education: done by finding out about meteors Stewart, Michael O'Connell, Mike We are very grateful to our amateur and looking at what is recorded Foylan, Sam Green, Jonathan astronomy partner, the Irish by the detectors. Analysing these Mackey about meteor observing, Astronomical Society (IAS), for their data, the students use the maths citizen science, and education. This ongoing support with public open and physics they have learned in was followed by hands-on tutorials nights and other events held at school to determine where meteors led by William Stewart and Michael DIAS Dunsink Observatory. Their entered Earth's atmosphere, how O'Connell on analysis methods, knowledge of the night sky and fast they were travelling, and where techniques and introduction to enthusiasm to communicate this they came from in the Solar System. software. to the public, both through talks/ At the end of the week they present discussions and through setting a poster with their findings to the up telescopes at the Observatory, staff of the DIAS Astrophysics greatly enriches the experience of Section. There is a strong citizen visitors for our events. science emphasis through the NEMETODE network of meteor observers in Ireland and the UK, and through contributions from

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 47 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Mar a tharla i mblianta roimhe, ghlac Réadlann Dhún Sinche DIAS páirt go fonnmhar sa tSeachtain Náisiúnta Eolaíochta (12-19 Samhain) le himeachtaí do scoileanna agus don phobal i gcoitinne. Fuair na imeachtaí for-rochtana tacaíocht le deontas beag ó SFI chun Seanie Morris a thabhairt isteach do dhá lá de cheardlanna roicéid agus cainteanna poiblí, agus Pláinéadlanna Big Bear do lá foghlama réalteolaíochta do scoileanna le plainéadlann shoghluaiste.

Seachtain Eolaíochta na hIdirbhliana ag Réadlann Dhún School of Cosmic Physics Statutory Public Lecture 2017. Prof. Giovanna Sinche DIAS: Timelti, UCL Thosaíomar Seachtain Eolaíochta Léacht Reachtuil Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí 2017. An tOll.Giovanna Timelti, UCL na hIdirbhliana ag Réadlann as an mata agus an fhisic atá Tá sé ar intinn againn freisin Dhún Sinche DIAS ag deireahd foghlama acu ar scoil lena ríomh nascadh isteach sa chlár Feabhra 2017, bunaithe ar na cén áit a tháining dreigí isteach breathnaithe dreigí atá bunaithe ceamaraí dreigí agus aeróg raidió in atmaisféar an Domhain, cé cheana ag Réadlann Ard Mhacha. maoinithe ag SFI atá suiteáilte ar chomh tapa is a bhí siad ag thailte na Réadlainne. Déanann taisteal, agus cad as a dtáinig siad Rannpháirtíocht le hEolaíocht na brathadóirí seo scanadh go sa Ghrianchóras. Ag deireadh na an Phobail: huathoibríoch ar an spéir agus seachtaine cuireann siad póstaer Tá aiseolas an-dearfach faighte taifeadadh ar réaltaí reatha, i láthair lena dtorthaí chuig againn faoinár gcur chuige um nó dreigí, nuair a thagann siad foireann Rannóg Réaltfhisice Eolaíocht an Phobail i dtaca isteach sa raon amhairc, agus DIAS. Tá béim láidir ar eolaíocht le rannpháirtíocht an phobail tá siad ag brath breis agus 2200 an phobail trí líonra NEMETODE agus oideachas ag Réadlann dreige in aghaidh na bliana na mbreathnóirí dreigí in Éirinn Dhún Sinche DIAS. Cuireann (móide neart éan, ialtóg, eitleán agus sa Ríocht Aontaithe, agus sé seo gné éagsúil le heispéireas agus saitilítí). Bhí grúpa 5 scoláire trí ionchur ó bhaill dár gcumainn Sheachtain na hIdirbhliana, agus againn ó Chaisleán Cnucha agus réalteolaíochta amaitéaracha. ligeann sé dúinn freisin caidramh áiteanna eile i mBaile Átha Cliath níos fearr a bheith againn lenár agus Cill Dara, agus méadófar air Tá an aeróg raidió tiúnáilte leis an gcomhpháirtithe réalteolaíochta seo go 15-20 do 2018. Forbairt tarchuradóir GRAVES sa Fhrainc, amaitéaracha, Cumann an-dearfach is ea go bhfuil roinnt agus brathann sé tonnta raidió Réalteolaíochta na hÉireann (IAS) de na mic léinn PhD in DIAS ag frithchaite ó na dreigí ar ais chuig agus Cónaidhm Éireannach na glacadh le róil ceannaireachta san an Domhan. Is féidir trealamh gCumann Réalteolaíochta (IFAS). fhorbairt ar na hábhair teagaisc do na ceamaraí agus don aeróg a agus foghlama don tseachtain, go cheannach ón seilf agus baineann An 21 Deireadh Fómhair 2017 háirithe Sam Green. baill líonra NEMETODE na rinneamar óstáil ar an gceardlann mbreathnóirí dreigí in Éirinn agus dreigí NEMETODE ag Réadlann Foghlaimíonn scoláirí na sa Ríocht Aontaithe úsáid as. Tá sé Dhún Sinche DIAS, le cainteanna hIdirbhliana faoin gcaoi ina seo ag forbairt mar chomhoibriú ó William Stewart, Michael ndéantar taighde eolaíochta ó rathúil gairmeach-amaitéarach, O'Connell, Mike Foylan, Sam lá go lá trína fháil amach faoi a bhfuil sé de chumas aige dul Green, Jonathan Mackey maidir dhreigí agus féachaint cad a chun cinn eolaíochta úsáideach le breathnú dreigí, eolaíocht an thaifeadann na brathadóirí. Ag a dhéanamh chomh maith le phobail, agus oideachas. déanamh anailíse ar na sonraí gníomhaíochtaí oideachais agus seo, baineann na scoláirí úsáid rannpháirtíochta.

48 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

Solarfest Solarfest

Sun's Corona Corona na gréine

We plan that this will become and an afternoon family event on of Theoretical Physics) discussing an annual focal event for the Sunday 18th June. DIAS hosted a the mystery of dark matter and the community, helping to build up Media Studies intern from DCU, evidence for its existence. the national meteor observing Hannah Dunne, who helped to coverage so that we have a network promote and report on the event Unfortunately due to status red that is observing meteors over the for her work placement as part of weather warning the annual whole of Ireland and surrounding her course at DCU. The day was Hamilton Walk had to be cancelled seas. very well attended and there was in 2017. considerable focus on the solar Solarfest was run again on the eclipse in August 2017. Many 16-18th of June and for once we participants were planning to travel had great weather with blazing to America to witness the eclipse. sunshine, allowing for lots of solar observing. The free event International Dark Matter Day consisted of a public open evening on 31 October was marked by on Friday 16th June, an all-day a joint presentation from Luke public event on Saturday 17th June Drury and Werner Nahm (School

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 49 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Ina dhiaidh sin bhí ranganna Rinneadh Lá Idirnáisiúnta teagaisc praiticiúla faoi stiúr Damhna Dorcha an 31 Deireadh William Stewart agus Michael Fómhair a mharcáil le comh-chur O'Connell maidir le modhanna i láthair uaim féim agus Werner anailíse, teicnící agus bunchúrsa Nahm (Scoil na Fisice Teoiriciúla) bogearraí. Tá sé ar intinn ag caint faoi rúndiamhar an againn go mbeadh sé seo ina damhna dorcha agus an fhianaise mhórimeacht bliantúil don go bhfuil sé ann. phobal, acg cuidiú le forbairt a dhéanamh ar an gclúdach Ar an drochuair, mar thoradh náisiúnta de bhreathnuithe dreigí ar fholáireamh aimsire le stádas sa chaoi is go mbeidh líonra dearg, bhí orainn an Siúlóid againn atá ag breathnú dreigí os Hamilton bhliantúil a chur ar cionn iomlán na hÉireann agus na ceal in 2017. farraigí mórthimpeall.

Ritheadh an fhéile Solarfest arís an 16-18 Meitheamh agus an uair seo bhí aimsir iontach againn le scaladh gréine, a cheadaigh neart breathnuithe gréine. San imeacht seo, a bhí saor in aisce, bhí oíche oscailte phoiblí Dé hAoine 16 Meitheamh, ócáid lae phoiblí Dé Sathairn 17 Meitheamh agus ócáid teaghlaigh san iarnóin, Dé Domhnaigh 18 Meitheamh. Rinne DIAS óstáil ar intéirneach Staidéar na Meán ó OCBÁC, Hannah Dunne, a chuidigh linn an ócáid a chur chun cimm agus tuairisciú air dá socrúchán oibre mar chuid dá cúrsa ag OCBÁC. Bhí tinreamh maith ann ar an lá agus bhí fócas suntasach ar urú na gréine i Lúnasa 2017. Bhí neart rannpháirtithe ag beartú taisteal go Meiriceá chun an t-urú a fheiceáil.

50 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

Appendix A - seminars 25 October, Dr. Giovanni Rosotti, * 29 May - 2 June, Ginzburg given in the Astronomy University of Cambridge, Studying centenary conference, Lebedev and Astrophysics Section in planet formation in the era of ALMA Institute, Moscow. Invited talk “The Origin of Cosmic Rays; 50 years on” 2017 15 November, Dr. Morgan Fraser, 25 January, Dr Carlos del Burgo, University College Dublin, The * 12-19 July ICRC Busan s. Korea, INAOE Mexico, Characterization of golden age of transient astronomy invited plenary talk “Galactic Cosmic Rays - Theory and stars (with and without planets) from 5 December, Prof. Andrea Ferrara, Interpretation” absolute flux spectrophotometry Scuola Normale Superiore, The obtained with the Hubble Space Interstellar Medium of High Redshift 15-17 Sep, German Irish Telescope Galaxies Conference, Limerick, “German as 15 February, Dr Nate Bastian, a language of science and German Appendix B Presentations speakers in DIAS”. Liverpool University, The Puzzle of in 2017 (* denotes Multiple Populations in Globular significant one) * 16-18 October, GRAPPA@5 Clusters meeting Amsterdam, invited Felix Aharonian 1 March, Dr Luca Matra, University talk “Open questions in particle *27 Feb "Nature’s Extreme of Cambridge, Exocometary gas in acceleration theory” Accelerators", Rosenblum Lecture, debris disks * Dec 3-8, TEXAS conference, Cape Hebrew University; Jerusalem. 27 March, Donna Rodgers-Lee, Town, invited plenary talk “Physics 28 Feb “Scientific Objectives of high Presentation as part of her PhD of Cosmic Rays”. energy gamma-ray astronomy", defence, Protoplanetary Disc Keynote talk at the workshop Tom Ray Evolution "High Energy Astrophysics”, Racah 14 March South African 29 March, Dr Ernst de Mooij, Dublin Institute of Physics, Jerusalem. Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) City University, Characterising Alien Cape Town, invited talk “Preparing 10 May "Probing the Origin of Worlds: studying the atmospheres Your Observing Program for the Cosmic Rays", Seminar at the of exoplanets James Webb Space Telescope” Excellence Center “Prizma”, 10 April, Dr. Kim-Vy Tran, Texas University of Mainz. 16 March Square Kilometer Array A&M University, From the FOURGE Headquarters in South Africa, 14 Jun "Gamma Ray Physics in to the FIRE: Tracking Galaxy invited talk on “The James Webb Space“, Lecture at the International Evolution Over 12 Billion Years Space Telescope” School of Space Science“, L’Aquila, 2 June, Dr Graeme Wong, Italy. 30 June European Week of University of Western Sydney, The Astronomy and Space Science *15 Sep "Concluding Remarks", Mopra Southern Galactic Plane CO (EWASS) in Prague, invited talk Summary Talk at the 6th survey on “Jets and Outflows: A JWST International Meeting "High Perspective” 8 June, Dr Federico Urban, NICPB Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Tallinn, Searching for UHE Galactic Outflows“; Moscow. 22 September Celebrating Protons, and all things UHECRs, Professor David Williams’ (University *3 Nov. "Exploring the Nonthermal with Telescope Array College London) 80th Birthday, Universe with High Energy Gamma Royal Astronomical Society 26 July, Dr Ray Jayawardhana, Rays", talk on occasion of election in London, “Chemistry of the University of York, Characterizing as Honorary Member of the Ioffe Interstellar Medium Using JWST” Exoplanets from the Ground and Physical-Technical Institute; St. from Space Petersburg. 15 December Celebrating Professor Sam Falle’s (University of Leeds) 14 August, Dr. Alexandra Kozyreva, Luke Drury 70th Birthday, Outflows from Young Tel Aviv University, Diversity of pair- 2 Mar - Festrede for the 70th instability supernovae Stars: What Have We Learnt in the birthday of Heinz Voelk, MPIK Last Decade” 20 September, Dr John Regan, Heidelberg, “The Chemistry of Dublin City University, Formation Cosmic Rays.” Andrew Taylor *12-19 July ICRC Busan s. Korea, and Growth of the first Black Holes 10 Mar - Seminar in University invited plenary talk “UHECR sources 3 October, Prof Roberto Maiolino, of Newcastle “Cosmic Ray and transport” University of Cambridge, Acceleration and Magnetic Field The multiple routes of galaxy Amplification in Shocks”. transformation

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies ANNUAL REPORT 2017 51 Scoil na Fisice Cosmaí (ar lean)

Astronomy and 6. Taylor, Andrew M. & Giacinti, 14. Contreras Peña, C., et al.: Astrophysics Bibliography Gwenael: Cosmic rays in a Infrared spectroscopy of of Publications 2017 galactic breeze Physical Review eruptive variable protostars D (2017) 95 023001. from VVV Monthly Notices of 1. Publications in peer-reviewed the Royal Astronomical Society 7. H.E.S.S. Collaboration, et al.: journals (2017) 465 3039-3100. Characterizing the °-ray long- These papers are in the ADS private term variability of PKS 2155-304 15. Caratti o Garatti, A., et al.: Disk- library http://adsabs.harvard.edu/ with H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT mediated accretion burst in a cgi-bin/nph-abs_connect?library Astronomy and Astrophysics high-mass young stellar object &libname=Ref2017&libid=4794 (2017) 598 A39. Nature Physics (2017) 13 276- ca7845. 279. 8. Romoli, C., Taylor, A.M., 1. H.E.S.S. Collaboration, et al.: & Aharonian, F.: Cut-off 16. Srivastava, Abhishek Kumar, et First limits on the very-high characterisation of energy al.: High-frequency torsional energy gamma-ray afterglow spectra of bright fermi sources: Alfvén waves as an energy emission of a fast radio burst. Current instrument limits and source for coronal heating H.E.S.S. observations of future possibilities Astroparticle Scientiﬁc Reports (2017) 7 FRB 150418 Astronomy and Physics (2017) 88 38-45. 43147. Astrophysics (2017) 597 A115. 9. Vig, S., et al.: Dust and gas 17. Alcalá, J. M., et al.: X-shooter 2. Drury, Luke O.’C. & environment of the young spectroscopy of young stellar Strong, Andrew W.: Power embedded cluster IRAS objects in Lupus. Accretion requirements for cosmic ray 18511+0146 Astronomy and properties of class II and propagation models involving Astrophysics (2017) 599 A38. transitional objects Astronomy diffusive reacceleration; and Astrophysics (2017) 600 estimates and implications for 10. O’Gorman, E., Harper, G. M., A20. the damping of interstellar & Vlemmings, W.: Detection of turbulence Astronomy and thermal radio emission from a 18. H.E.S.S. Collaboration, et al.: Astrophysics (2017) 597 A117. single coronal giant Astronomy Gamma-ray blazar spectra and Astrophysics (2017) 599 with H.E.S.S. II mono analysis: 3. Coughlan, Colm P., et al.: A A47. The case of PKS 2155-304 and LOFAR Detection of the Low- PG 1553+113 Astronomy and mass Young Star T Tau at 149 11. Antoniucci, S., et al.: X-shooter Astrophysics (2017) 600 A89. MHz The Astrophysical Journal spectroscopy of young stellar (2017) 834 206. objects. VI. H I line decrements 19. Yang, Rui-zhi & Aharonian, Astronomy and Astrophysics Felix: Diffuse °-ray emission 4. Huang, Z., et al.: Explosive (2017) 599 A105. near the young massive cluster events in active region NGC 3603 Astronomy and observed by IRIS and SST/ 12. Aharonian, F. A., et al.: Hitomi Astrophysics (2017) 600 A107. CRISP Monthly Notices of the Constraints on the 3.5 keV Line Royal Astronomical Society in the Perseus Galaxy Cluster 20. Moscadelli, L., et al.: Extended (2017) 464 1753-1761. The Astrophysical Journal CH3OH maser ﬂare excited (2017) 837 L15. by a bursting massive YSO 5. Lau, J. C., et al.: Interstellar gas Astronomy and Astrophysics towards the TeV °-ray sources 13. Contreras Peña, C., et al.: A (2017) 600 L8. HESS J1640-465 and HESS population of eruptive variable J1641-463 Monthly Notices of protostars in VVVMonthly 21. Pinilla, P., et al.: AMulti- the Royal Astronomical Society Notices of the Royal wavelength Analysis of (2017) 464 3757-3774. Astronomical Society (2017) Dust and Gas in the SR 465 3011-3038. 24S Transition Disk The Astrophysical Journal (2017) 839 99.

52 TUAIRISC BHLIANTÚIL 2017 Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath School of Cosmic Physics (continued)

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4. H. E. S. S. Collaboration, et 14. Fernández-Barral, A., et al.: 3. Other publications al.: Characterising the VHE Gamma rays from microquasars These miscellaneous publications diffuse emission in the central Cygnus X-1 and Cygnus X-3. are in the ADS private library http:// 200 parsecs of our Galaxy with adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph- 15. Acero, F., et al.: Cherenkov H.E.S.S. abs_connect?library&libname=Non Telescope Array Contributions Ref2017&libid=4794ca7845 5. Wykes, Sarka, et al.: UHECR to the 35th International propagation from Centaurus A. Cosmic Ray Conference 1. Barkov,Maxim V., Aharonian, (ICRC2017). Felix, & Khangulyan, Dmitriy 6. Hitomi Collaboration, et al.: V.: Ultrafast VHE Gamma-Ray 16. H. E. S. S. Collaboration, Search for Thermal X-ray Flares of IC 310 New Frontiers et al.: Contributions of the Features from the Crab in Black Hole Astrophysics nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray High Energy Stereoscopic (2017) 324 157-163. Spectrometer. System (H.E.S.S.) to the 35th International Cosmic Ray 2. Gabici, Stefano, Aharonian, 7. MAGIC Collaboration, et Conference (ICRC), Busan, Felix A., Moulin, Emmanuel, al.: Constraints on particle Korea. & Viana, Aion: Acceleration of acceleration in SS433/W50 particles up to PeV energies 17. Yang, Rui-zhi, de OñaWilhelmi, from MAGIC and H.E.S.S. at the galactic centre New Emma, & Aharonian, Felix: observations. Frontiers in Black Hole Diffuse gamma-ray emission 8. Hitomi Collaboration, et al.: Astrophysics (2017) 324 317- in the vicinity of young star 321. Hitomi X-ray studies of Giant clusterWesterlund 2. Radio Pulses from the Crab 3. Aharonian, Felix, Hofmann, pulsar. 18. Hitomi Collaboration, et al.: Werner, & Rieger, Frank: Measurements of resonant 9. Tibaldo, L., et al.: The Vela X Preface: 6th International scattering in the Perseus cluster Symposium onHigh pulsar wind nebula through the core with Hitomi SXS. eyes of H.E.S.S. and Suzaku. EnergyGamma-Ray 19. Hitomi Collaboration, et al.: Astronomy 6th International 10. Taylor, Andrew M., Sanchez, Atmospheric gas dynamics in SymposiumonHigh Energy David, Cerruti, Matteo, & the Perseus cluster observed Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) on behalf of the H. E. S. S. with Hitomi. 1792 010001. collaboration: Extragalactic Observations with HESS: Past 20. Stecklum, B., et al.: Infrared 4. Taylor, Andrew M.: New and Future. variability, maser activity, and developments in AGN accretion of massive young gamma-ray astrophysics 6th 11. Angüner, E. O., et al.: Very high stellar objects. International Symposium on energy emission from the hard High Energy Gamma-Ray spectrum sources HESS J1641- 21. Szécsi, Dorottya,Mackey, Astronomy (2017) 1792 020016. 463, HESS J1741-302 and HESS Jonathan, & Langer, Norbert: J1826-130. Supergiants and their shells in 5. Tsuji, Naomi, et al.: Chandra young globular clusters. and NuSTAR observations 12. O’C. Drury, Luke: Galactic of supernova remnant RX Cosmic Rays - Theory and 22. Stecklum, B., et al.: Tracing J1713.7-3946 6th International Interpretation. accretion variability of high- Symposium on High Energy mass YSOs via light echoes. Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) 13. Garcia Lopez, R., et al.: The 1792 040003. wind and the magnetospheric accretion onto the T Tauri star 6. Parsons, R. D., et al.: The S Coronae Australis at sub-au galactic centre viewed with resolution. H.E.S.S. 6th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) 1792 040005.

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7. Bogovalov, S. V., Aharonian, 14. Romoli, Carlo, Taylor, Andrew 19. Liu, Ruo-Yu, Taylor, Andrew, F., &Khangulyan,D.: Formation M., & Aharonian, Felix: Cut- Wang, Xiang-Yu, & Aharonian, of the pulsed TeV gammaray off characterisation of energy Felix: Constraining the redshift emission at the light cylinder spectra of bright Fermi distribution of ultrahigh- 6th International Symposium sources: Current instrument energy-cosmic-ray sources on High Energy Gamma-Ray limits and future possibilities by isotropic gamma-ray Astronomy (2017) 1792 040010. 6th International Symposium background 6th International on High Energy Gamma-Ray Symposium on High Energy 8. Voisin, F., et al.: ISM studies Astronomy (2017) 1792 050013. Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) towards several PWNe 6th 1792 060005. International Symposium on 15. Zaborov, D., et al.: Gamma-ray High Energy Gamma-Ray blazar spectra with H.E.S.S. II 20. Prosekin, Anton, Kelner, Astronomy (2017) 1792 040011. mono analysis: The case of PKS Stanislav R., & Aharonian, Felix 2155-304 and PG 1553+113 A.: On the synchro-curvature 9. Klepser, S., et al.: New insights 6th International Symposium radiation 6th International into pulsar wind nebula on High Energy Gamma-Ray Symposium on High Energy evolution with H.E.S.S. I and II Astronomy (2017) 1792 050017. Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) 6th International Symposium 1792 090001. on High Energy Gamma-Ray 16. Cologna, G., et al.: The Astronomy (2017) 1792 040012. exceptional flare of Mrk 501 in 21. Tambovtseva, L. V., et 2014 combined observations al.: Accretion Disks, 10. Bordas, P., et al.: Observations with H.E.S.S. and FACT 6th Magnetospheres, and Disk of binary systems with the International Symposium on Winds as Emitters of the H.E.S.S. telescopes 6th High Energy Gamma-Ray Hydrogen Lines in Herbig Ae/ International Symposium on Astronomy (2017) 1792 050019. Be Stars The B[e] Phenomenon: High Energy Gamma-Ray Forty Years of Studies (2017) Astronomy (2017) 1792 040017. 17. Sun, Xiao-na, Yang, Rui- 508 67. zhi, Mckinley, Benjamin, & 11. Bordas, Pol, et al.: Gamma-ray Aharonian, Felix: Giant lobes 22. Topinka,Martin,Mickaelian, emission towards SS433/W50 of Centaurus A as seen in Areg,Nesci, Roberto, &Rossi, 6th International Symposium radio and gamma-ray images Corinne: Automatic Source on High Energy Gamma-Ray obtained with the Fermi- Classification in Digitised Astronomy (2017) 1792 040020. LAT and Planck satellites 6th First Byurakan Survey International Symposium on Astroinformatics (2017) 325 12. Zanin, Roberta, et al.: Detection High Energy Gamma-Ray 186-190. of high-energy gamma rays Astronomy (2017) 1792 050030. from Cygnus X-1 associated 23. Topinka,M., Mickaelian, A. with the jets 6th International 18. Wang, Kai, et al.: The effective M., Nesci, R., & Rossi, C.: Symposium on High Energy penetration distance of Automatic Classification of Rare Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) ultrahigh energy photons in the Sources in DFBS Astronomical 1792 040021. cosmic background radiation Society of the Pacific and the corresponding Conference Series (2017) 511 13. Angüner, E. O., et al.: HESS neutrinos production 6th 164. J1826-130: A very hard γ-ray International Symposium on spectrumsource in the galactic High Energy Gamma-Ray 24. Stecklum, Bringfried, Caratti plane 6th International Astronomy (2017) 1792 060004. o Garatti, Alessio, Klose, Symposium on High Energy Sylvio, & Wiseman, Phil: Gamma-Ray Astronomy (2017) Mid-TermNear-Infrared 1792 040024. Variability of theMassive Young Stellar Object RAFGL 7009S associated with G25.65+1.05 The Astronomer’s Telegram (2017) 10842.

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