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Chapel Rural Historic District Other Nameslsite Number: VDHR File No

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Chapel Rural Historic District Other Nameslsite Number: VDHR File No NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. 1. Name of Property LISTED ON: Historic name: Chapel Rural Historic District Other nameslsite number: VDHR File No. 021-5025 121121201 3 Name of related multiple property listing: NIA NRHP 02/14/2014 (Enter "NIA" if property is not part of a multiple property listing 2. Location Street & number: Generallv centered along Lord Fairfax Hwy. from Millwood (south) to Harry Byrd Hw. (north); from Salem Church Rd. (west) to Chilly Hollow Rd. (east City or town: Millwood, Boyce, Berryville State: Virginia County: Clarke Not For Publication: /N/A Vicinity: 3. StatelFederal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination -request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property X meets -does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: national -statewide X local Glicable National Register Criteria: 1 Virginia Department of Historic Resources I 1 State or Federal agencylbureau or Tribal Government I In my opinion, the property -meets -does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official: Date Title : State or Federal agencyhureau or Tribal Government United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Chapel Rural Historic District Clarke County, Virginia Name of Property County and State _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register determined eligible for the National Register determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register other (explain:) _____________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) Private: X Public – Local Public – State Public – Federal Category of Property (Check only one box.) Building(s) District X Site Structure Object Number of Resources within Property Sections 1-6 page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Chapel Rural Historic District Clarke County, Virginia Name of Property County and State (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing ___651_______ ____413________ buildings ___ 17_________ ____ 1________ sites ___ 19_________ ____ 40________ structures ___ 1_________ ____ 1________ objects ___ 688________ ____455________ Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register ___56______ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC: Single Dwelling, Secondary Structure COMMERCE/TRADE: Department Store: general store EDUCATION: School RELIGION: Religious Facility; Church-related residence FUNERARY: Cemetery AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: Processing, Storage; Agricultural Field; Animal Facility; Horticultural Facility; Agricultural Outbuilding LANDSCAPE: Garden; Forest; Unoccupied Land TRANSPORTATION: Rail-Related; Road-Related (vehicular) Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC: Single Dwelling; Secondary Structure RELIGION: Religious Facility; Church-related residence FUNERARY: Cemetery AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE: Processing; Storage; Agricultural Field; Animal Facility; Horticultural Facility; Agricultural Outbuilding LANDSCAPE: Garden; Forest; Unoccupied Land TRANSPORTATION: Rail-Related; Road-Related (vehicular) Sections 1-6 page 3 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Chapel Rural Historic District Clarke County, Virginia Name of Property County and State _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.) COLONIAL EARLY REPUBLIC: Early Classical Revival; Federal MID-19TH-CENTURY: Greek Revival; Gothic Revival LATE VICTORIAN: Italianate; Queen Anne; Gothic LATE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY REVIVALS: Colonial Revival: Georgian Revival; Italian Renaissance; Tudor Revival LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENTS: American Foursquare, Bungalow/Craftsman MODERN MOVEMENT: Minimal Traditional; Ranch OTHER: I house; Hall-parlor plan; Folk Victorian; Vernacular Materials: (enter categories from instructions.) Principal exterior materials of the property: WOOD: Weatherboard, Log; BRICK; STONE: Limestone; METAL; STUCCO; ASPHALT; CONCRETE; SYNTHETICS: Vinyl, Aluminum Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current physical appearance and condition of the property. Describe contributing and noncontributing resources if applicable. Begin with a summary paragraph that briefly describes the general characteristics of the property, such as its location, type, style, method of construction, setting, size, and significant features. Indicate whether the property has historic integrity.) ______________________________________________________________________________ Summary Paragraph: Located in the Lower Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, the Chapel Rural Historic District contains approximately 11,496 acres of pristine rural land in central Clarke County situated between two National Register-listed Rural Historic Districts: Greenway (021-0963; NRHP 1993) to the south and Long Marsh Run (021-0967; NRHP 1996) to the north. The Boyce Historic District (172- 0001; NRHP 2004) borders the district to the south and the Cool Spring Battlefield (021-0976; NRHP 1997) is located a short distance to the east. Lord Fairfax Highway (U.S. Route 340), which links the towns of Berryville and Boyce, runs north-south through the district. The boundaries of the irregularly-shaped district generally stretch from the village of Millwood on the south, to approximately one-half mile south of Berryville, and continue to Harry Byrd Highway (Route 7 east of Berryville) on the north, and from the Shenandoah River and Chilly Hollow Road on the east to Salem Church Road near the Opequon Creek on the west. The Norfolk Southern Railroad parallels Lord Fairfax Highway. Old Chapel, an 18th-century Section 7 page 4 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Chapel Rural Historic District Clarke County, Virginia Name of Property County and State Episcopal church, stands at a prominent intersection of several historic county roads at the center of the district. The Chapel Rural Historic District incorporates as much of the intact rural landscape as possible between the previously-listed rural historic districts and contains 319 properties that tell the story of the growth and development of this rich agricultural land. While the Chapel Rural Historic District shares much of the same historic context with the adjacent National Register-listed rural historic districts, it enhances that history to tell a unique story based on the resources within its boundaries. The district contains primarily domestic and agricultural buildings that capture the period from 1756 (the earliest documented resource) to 1963, when construction markedly decreased. These resources reflect both the historic and ongoing use of the land, which developed primarily as large estates and smaller working farms. These farmsteads that date from the mid-18th to the mid-20th centuries represent a variety of building traditions that directly reflect their builders. Different building types are broadly represented in a relatively small rural area. The Chapel Rural Historic District includes large high-style dwellings alongside more modest ones of vernacular forms with many of their associated outbuildings such as smokehouses, springhouses, garages, sheds, and summer kitchens. Since so many landholders held slaves up until the Civil War, slave quarters were also common on these properties. A few former plantations continue to retain these buildings, including Milton Valley (021-0049, 021-5025-0194), Summerville (021-0101, 021-5025-0051), Huntingdon (021-0188, 021-5025-0034), Avenel (021-0005, 021-5025-0123), Llewellyn (021- 0520, 021-5025-0197), Chapel Hill (021-0014, 021-5025-0073), Clermont Farm (021-0019, 021- 5025-0312),
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