Maryland Historical Magazine, 1986, Volume 81, Issue No. 2
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Maryland Historical Masazine & o o' < GC 2 o p 3 3 re N f-' CO Published Quarterly by the Museum and Library of Maryland History The Maryland Historical Society Summer 1986 THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY OFFICERS, 1986-1987 William C. Whitridge, Chairman* Robert G. Merrick, Sr., Honorary Chairman* Brian B. Topping, President* Mrs. Charles W. Cole, Jr., Vice President* E. Phillips Hathaway, Treasurer* Mrs. Frederick W. Lafferty, Vice President* Samuel Hopkins, Asst. Secretary/Treasurer* Walter D. Pinkard, Sr., Vice President* Bryson L. Cook, Counsel* Truman T. Semans, Vice President* Leonard C. Crewe, Jr., Past President* Frank H. Weller, Jr., Vice President* J. Fife Symington, Jr.,* Richard P. Moran, Secretary* Past Chairman of the Board* The officers listed above constitute the Society's Executive Committee. BOARD OF TRUSTEES, 1986-1987 H. Furlong Baldwin Hon. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. Mrs. Emory J. Barber, St. Mary's Co. Robert G. Merrick, Jr. Gary Black Michael Middleton, Charles Co. John E. Boulais, Caroline Co. Jack Moseley Mrs. James Frederick Colwill (Honorary) Thomas S. Nichols (Honorary) Donald L. DeVries James O. Olfson, Anne Arundel Co. Leslie B. Disharoon Mrs. David R. Owen Jerome Geckle Mrs. Brice Phillips, Worcester Co. William C. Gilchrist, Allegany Co. J. Hurst Purnell, Jr., Kent Co. Hon. Louis L. Goldstein, Calvert Co. George M. Radcliffe Kingdon Gould, Jr., Howard Co. Adrian P. Reed, Queen Anne's Co. Benjamin H. Griswold III G. Donald Riley, Carroll Co. Willard Hackerman Mrs. Timothy Rodgers R. Patrick Hayman, Somerset Co. John D. Schapiro Louis G. Hecht Jacques T. Schlenger E. Mason Hendrickson, Washington Co. Jess Joseph Smith, Jr., Prince George's Co. T. Hughlett Henry, Jr., Talbot Co. John T. Stinson Michael Hoffberger Bernard C. Trueschler Hon. William S. James, Harford Co. Thomas D. Washburne H. Irvine Keyser II (Honorary) Jeffrey P. Williamson, Dorchester Co. Richard R. Kline, Frederick Co. COUNCIL, 1986-1987 Mrs. Howard Baetjer II J. Sidney King Dr. D. Randall Beirne Dr. Bayly Ellen Marks Dr. George H. Callcott Charles E. McCarthy III Mrs. Charles W. Cole, Jr. James L. Nace P. McEvoy Cromwell Walter D. Pinkard, Sr. Mrs. Charles S. Garland, Jr. George M. Radcliffe Louis G. Hecht Mary Virginia Slaughter Mrs. Jay Katz J. Jefferson Miller II, Director Barbara Wells Sarudy, Karen A. Stuart, Administrative Director Head Librarian Stiles Tuttle Colwill, Judith Van Dyke, Curator of the Gallery Education Director MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE (ISSN 0025-4258) is published quarterly by the Maryland Historical Society, 201 W. Monument St., Baltimore Md. 21201. Second class postage paid at Baltimore, Md. and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER please send address changes to the MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 201 W. Monument St., Baltimore, Md. 21201. Volume 81, Number 2, Summer 1986. Composed and printed by The Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pa. 17331. i Copyright 1986, Maryland Histor- ical Society. Volume 81 HISTORI Number 2 Summer 1986 ISSN-0025-4258 CONTENTS Kent Lancaster On the Drama of Dying in Early Nineteenth Century Baltimore 103 Virginia Walcott Beauchamp The Sisters and the Soldiers 117 Stephen J. Vicchio Baltimore's Burial Practices, Mortuary Art and Notions of Grief and Bereavement, 1780-1900 134 David Hein The Founding of the Boys' School of St. Paul's Parish, Baltimore 149 David L. Holmes William Holland Wilmer: A Newly Discovered Memoir 160 Book Reviews Fields, Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground; Maryland During the Civil War, by Benjamin Quarles • Papenfuse, Day, Jordan and Stiverson, A Biographical Dictionary of the Maryland Legisla- ture, 1635-1789, Volume 2, by Gary L. Browne • Miller and Wakelyn, eds., Catholics in the Old South: Essays on Church and Culture, by Michael S. Franch • Anderson, Faith in the Furnace: A History of Harriet Chapel, Catoctin Furnace, Maryland, by Basil L. Crapster • Williams, The Garden of American Methodism: The Delmarva Peninsula, by Kenneth L. Carroll 165 MARYLAND MAGAZINE OF GENEALOGY Thomas L. Hollowak Maryland Genealogy and Family History Published in 1983 and 1984: A Bibliography 171 Book Notes Arps, Departed This Life: Death Notices from the Baltimore Sun • Holdcraft, Names in Stone: 75,000 Cemetery Inscriptions from Frederick County, Maryland • Kent County Historical Society, Gone But Not Forgotten: Historic Graves, Private Burial Grounds and Cemeteries of Kent County, Maryland • Brumbaugh, Maryland Records: Colonial, Revolutionary, County, and Church, from Original Sources • Kinsey, Ball Cousins, by Robert Barnes 182 NEWS AND NOTICES 184 MARYLAND PICTURE PUZZLE 186 HALL OF RECORDS LIBRARY ^NAPQUS^jgYLAm Angels of the Battlefield Anonymous, believed to have been painted by one of the Sisters of Charity at St. Joseph's. Collection of St. Joseph's Provincial House Archives, Emmitsburg. BRUGGER REPLACES BROWNE AS EDITOR OF THE Maryland Historical Magazine This year, 1986, marks the 81st year of continuous publication of the Mary- land Historical Magazine—one of the most distinguished runs for any Amer- ican historical journal. The Magazine has flourished under ten successive ed- itors whose names appear inside the back cover. Each one has made his own distinctive contribution to our knowledge and appreciation of the past, and then the torch is passed on for the special contribution of his successor. In this 81st year we mark with regret the departure of Dr. Gary L. Browne, professor of history at the University of Maryland Baltimore County, who is retiring as editor to devote additional time to his own research and writing about the Maryland past. Meanwhile, with great pleasure, we welcome the new editor. Dr. Robert J. Brugger, formerly of Johns Hopkins University and the University of Vir- ginia. Dr. Brugger is presently completing a one-volume history of the state which will be published next year by the Maryland Historical Society and the Johns Hopkins University Press. One reader of the manuscript has noted that it promises to be "the best one volume history that will have been written for any American state." Dr. Brugger's vision for the Magazine, which he has shared with members of the Publications Committee and officers of the Society, is ambitous and ex- citing. Our aim is to have not only the best one-volume state history, but the best state historical journal as well. GEORGE H. CALLCOTT, Chairman Publications Committee in On the Drama of Dying in Early Nineteenth Century Baltimore KENT LANCASTER X WENTIETH CENTURY AMERICA HAS is valid, Baltimore was atypical. The Bal- chosen to isolate the dying and, inasmuch timore audience at the great drama of as possible, to ignore death. In sharp con- death was an educated and discrimi- trast, early nineteenth—century Balti- nating one and Baltimoreans made ex- moreans—the women at least—were fas- plicit demands on the principals, helped cinated by death and dying, and lavished train them throughout life for the part, constant attention on this final human and ultimately usurped direction of the rite of passage. Most Baltimoreans of the drama from those principals. The audi- early nineteenth century perceived death ence wrote critically of the performance primarily as a spiritual occasion. Its mes- of the dying and looked hopefully for the sage was essentially religious, but the perfect second act. Survivors were never medium in which Baltimoreans chose to to find perfection, however, because their enclose it was drama. The nineteenth- expectations were too high. Those expec- century drama of death could include at tations were predicated on an almost des- least four formal acts, will-making, the perate need to understand—to know. deathbed, the funeral, and grieving. Of What they sought was the key to the these, the first will—making, was intro- mysteries of death itself and of afterlife. ductory and optional; participation in Death was ritualized and dying became a that act was limited, at any rate, because role as society programmed generations by Maryland law married women could to die, hoping ever that somone sometime not devise property. The second act, the might slip back across from beyond and deathbed, was the crux and focus of the provide the answers it sought. No Balti- whole stream of events attending the end morean directed his or her own of a life. The funeral and grieving in acts deathbed.2 Already at the beginning of three and four merely concluded and re- the nineteenth century, the heroic solved the drama of the deathbed. deathbed was gone from Baltimore, re- Grieving would eventually eclipse the placed by one of the end-products of the deathbed in importance and become the process that has been described as the focus of the drama, but this process was feminization or domestication of death. In not complete even by mid—century. This the great drama of death in Baltimore, study, then, explores the crucial second act two dominated the attention of the pe- act—the Baltimore deathbed and the riod and women monopolized act two. training in the art of dying society gave Males were often the role models studied the principals for that part of the drama.1 by those training for death, but they were Philippe Aries has seen the deathbed of always foreign males—usually English this period as a pinnacle of individualism literary or religious figures. No Balti- and self expression, with the principal more man performed well enough to find himself presiding over the action. If his a secure place even in the local literature view of the nineteenth century deathbed of dying.3 The art of dying was not, indeed, one of the manly arts in early nineteenth cen- Dr. Lancaster is Professor of History at Goucher tury Baltimore. One looks in vain for the College. patriarch, imbued with the drama of the 103 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE VOL. 81, No. 2, SUMMER 1986 104 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE moment, acting out his own elaborate changes were accomplished is not en- parting.