APPENDIX B SHORELINE CHARACTERIZATION, GRANT COUNTY

Appendix B

Grant County Shoreline Master Program Update Shoreline Inventory, Analysis, and Characterization Report

1 SHORELINE INVENTORY Appendix B contains the Inventory, Analysis, and Characterization results for unincorporated portions of Grant County (County). This section describes the land use patterns of the County, specifically detailing:

Existing land use Planned land use based on the County’s 2006 updated Comprehensive Plan Preferred use for shoreline areas based on the Shoreline Management Act (SMA) Existing shoreline environment designations based on the current County Shoreline Master Program (SMP)

Section 2 summarizes the land-capacity analysis results per the methodology outlined in Section 8 of the main report.

Section 3 summarizes the characterization of each County shoreline reach. The following reaches are included:

Columbia River (Reaches 1 through 5) Crescent Bay and Lake Roosevelt Banks and Associated Lakes Coffee and Long Lakes Sun Lakes: Blue Lake Sun Lakes: Other Lakes Sun Lakes: Park Lake Soap Lake Reservoirs along Main Canal Small Lakes South of Wilson Creek Ephrata Lake and Rocky Ford Lake Moses Lake (Reaches 1 through 3) Quincy Basin Lakes Potholes Coulee and Frenchman Coulee Lakes

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Potholes Reservoir (Reaches 1 through 2) Drumheller Channels Lakes Lakes North of Lower Crab Creek Lower Grant County Lakes Lind Coulee Lower Crab Creek Rocky Ford Creek Sand Hollow Creek Upper Crab Creek (Reaches 1 through 2)

1.1 Land Use Patterns 1.1.1 Existing Land Use Currently the County has approximately 32,400 acres of land along its shoreline. Most of the Grant County shoreline is unimproved and owned by federal, state, or local governments. Public ownership includes the following:

National Parks Service (NPS) Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission (State Parks) Washington State Department of Natural Resources (DNR) U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)

Unimproved land includes barren, grass, and shrub type land covers. Besides unimproved vacant land, the predominant existing use along the shoreline is agriculture. Other uses include commercial, industrial, and residential uses. Most of the developed lands fall within the County’s Urban Growth Areas (UGA), and activity centers where intense rural developments take place. See Appendices C through H for land uses within the cities and towns, including the Town of Coulee City, City of Electric City, City of Grand Coulee, Town of Krupp, City of Soap Lake and the Town of Wilson Creek.

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Table 1 Shoreline Existing Land Use – County-wide

Existing Land Use Shoreline Area Acres % of Land Use Agriculture 3,357.01 10.5% Commercial 145.54 0.5% Open Space 291.40 0.9% Recreational 1,455.81 4.5% Residential, Multifamily 27.49 0.1% Residential, Single 536.49 1.7% Resource 36.45 0.1% Transportation 295.91 0.9% Undeveloped 25,872.00 80.8%

1.1.2 Planned Land Use Grant County’s Comprehensive Plan (plan) was adopted in 1999 and updated in 2006. The plan reflects a collective vision of the community’s desire and provides guidance for future development. Its vision and goal are set to protect and conserve the natural beauty and rural character of the County. It also aims to protect and conserve the County’s agricultural resources, and prevent inappropriate conversion of prime agricultural lands.

The plan’s land use element aims to promote growth and economic development, as well as maintain the rural and agricultural land use. The plan provides overall direction and guidelines for future commercial, industrial, residential, agricultural, and natural resource lands, as well as general location, distribution, and intensity of various land use types. Designation of various land use types is a key aspect for the County to implement its land use goals and vision.

In most cases, Grant County’s existing land uses are consistent with future land use. Outside the city limits and Urban Growth Boundaries, the planned land use along the shoreline constitutes of rural residential 1, rural residential 2, residential, low density, residential, medium density, residential, high density, commercial, recreational development, rural community, rural village, rural remote, agricultural service center, Hanford Federal Reserve, open space, master planned resort, Hanford shoreline development, dryland, irrigated, and

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rangeland. All future land uses within shoreline jurisdiction and their general purpose and intent are discussed below.

1.1.2.1 Rural Residential 1 This designation allows one dwelling unit per 5 acres. This maintains existing rural character and acts as a transition between existing rural developments and other higher or lower intensity developments. Other uses include small scale farm and open space.

1.1.2.2 Rural Residential 2 This land use designation allows one dwelling unit per 5 acres. This maintains rural character and also allows residential uses near smaller lots and where services and infrastructure may be available. Uses besides residential include include small-scale farms and open space.

1.1.2.3 Residential, Low Density Residential, low density allows one to four dwelling units per acre. Allowed uses are single- family residential housing and duplexes.

1.1.2.4 Residential, Medium Density This land use designation allows four to eight dwelling units per acre. Allowed uses are single-family residential housing and duplexes.

1.1.2.5 Residential, High Density This land use designation allows higher residential density at eight to 16 dwelling units per acre. This also allows multifamily housing.

1.1.2.6 Commercial Commercial land use designation provides areas for retail, office, personal and professional services, and other commercial activities.

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1.1.2.7 Recreational Development This land use allows residential and commercial development related to seasonal, resort- related, or tourist activities in rural areas. Activities and uses are often shoreline related. Land use includes hotels, condominiums, vacation home rentals, retail stores, restaurants, golf courses, marinas, open space, and similar recreational or tourist activities. Small-scale residential development is also allowed in this land use designation with maximum density of one dwelling unit per acre.

1.1.2.8 Rural Community Rural community land use designation areas are characterized by urban type densities and that may offer some urban services such as community water, limited commercial uses, and fire protection. This land use designation is assigned to small communities and allows a mix of single-family residences, small-scale industries, and businesses, public facilities such as post offices, schools, and fire departments, and open space. Residential density allowed in this land use designation is one dwelling unit per acre.

1.1.2.9 Rural Village Rural village land use is designated for compact, self-sufficient town that functions as a small urban center and provides housing, convenience goods, and services to residents. Allows uses include single-family residences, small-scale industries and businesses, public facilities such as post offices, schools, and fire departments, and open space. Although residential density is limited by the soil and infrastructure capacity, maximum density allowed in this land use is four dwelling units per acre.

1.1.2.10 Rural Remote Rural remote land use allows one dwelling unit per 20 acres. This land use is for remote areas with limited development opportunities where intensive farming is not suitable. Other uses include resource-oriented activities (farming and mineral extraction), and open space.

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1.1.2.11 Agricultural Service Center This land use designation allows small and large scale agricultural industries and businesses in a compact core, single-family residences, and open space uses. Single-family residential density is limited to one dwelling unit per acre.

1.1.2.12 Hanford Federal Reserve Hanford Federal Reserve land use is designated to areas under Hanford Reach National Monument. This land use designation aims to protect and enhance the areas plant and natural resources and offer recreation per the County’s Interim Action Plan.

1.1.2.13 Port of Moses Lake This land use designation is one of the County’s special district designations. This is assigned to Grant Public Utility District’s (PUD’s) District No. 10. This district includes the Port’s multiple economic development activities, such as heavy jet testing and training facilities, business parks, and industrial facilities.

1.1.2.14 Open Space Grant County’s shoreline contains significant amount of land with open space land use designation. According to the County Comprehensive Plan, the purpose of the open space land use designation is to identify and protect unique and outstanding examples of publicly owned areas pertaining to recreation, fish and wildlife habitat conservation, or unique geologic features. This land use designation also acknowledges the ongoing responsibility of the County, state, and federal governments to protect critical areas and other valued resources on lands within this designation. These lands are owned by a federal, state, or local governmental entity and are maintained as closely as possible to their natural state.

1.1.2.15 Master Planned Resort Master Planned Resort is a self-contained planned unit development with significant natural amenities. The primary focus of this land use is destination resort facilities. It includes areas with urban characteristics and tourist accommodations, and also includes associated residential development.

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1.1.2.16 Shoreline Development Shoreline development land use is characterized by small lot, single-family residential development situated along scenic shorelines to take advantage of scenic and shoreline recreation. Lot sizes range from quarter of an acre to 2 acres. Residences can be for seasonal and year-round uses.

1.1.2.17 Dryland Dryland is used for grain or feed crop production. It also includes land under the Federal Conservation Reserve program (CRP).

1.1.2.18 Irrigated Irrigated agricultural land is the primary agricultural land for the county. This land use includes production of hard and soft fruits, as well as forage, grain crops, and vegetables.

1.1.2.19 Rangeland This particular land use is designated for raising livestock and as rangelands for grazing livestock.

1.2 SMA Use Preference The SMA identifies water-oriented uses for shoreline as (173-26-020 WAC), “water-oriented use means a use that is water-dependent, water-related, or water-enjoyment, or a combination of such uses.” The SMA guidelines also require that non water-oriented uses be limited to areas where preferred uses are not appropriate or these uses contribute to the goals of the SMA [WAC 173-26-201(2)(d)]. Preferred uses for shoreline areas are listed in WAC 173-26-201(2)(d). The order of preference assigned to these uses is as follows:

Protection and restoration of ecological function Water-dependent uses Water-related uses Other compatible water enjoyment uses Single-family residences

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Based on existing land use data in Table 1 and SMA use preference, several uses meet the definitions of water-oriented uses in Grant County shoreline such as:

Open Space Recreational Commercial

1.3 Existing Shoreline Environment Designations Grant County applies shoreline environment designations within its shoreline jurisdiction under its current SMP. The 1975 SMP indicates three environment designations: conservancy, rural, and suburban. The amended Chapter 24.12 includes policies for additional environment designations, such as natural and aquatic environments. Criteria and policies for environment designation establish the basis of prioritization and designation as follows.

1.3.1 Conservancy The conservancy environment is designated for those areas within shoreline that contain natural resources and valuable historical and cultural areas. This environment is also assigned for areas which present too severe biophysical limitations to be designated as rural or suburban environments. The objective of this environment is to protect, conserve, and manage such existing natural resources. This environment is intended to maintain its existing character without significant alteration and degradation. The preferred uses include uses that are non-consumptive of physical and biological resources such as diffuse outdoor recreation activities, passive agricultural uses such as pasture as range lands. General policies related to conservancy environment are as follows:

Prohibit or restrict activities and uses that would substantially degrade or permanently deplete the physical or biological resources of the area. Restrict new development to that which is compatible with the natural or biological limitations of the land and water. Prohibit activities or uses that would strip the shoreline of vegetative cover, cause substantial erosion or sedimentation, or adversely affect wildlife or aquatic life.

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Encourage agricultural and recreational activities that will not be detrimental to the natural shoreline character. Allow single-family residential development as a principal use in the Conservancy environment. Ensure that developments within the conservancy environment are compatible with uses and activities in adjacent (including aquatic) environments.

1.3.2 Rural Environment The rural environment is characterized by lands that contain or have capabilities to support intensive agricultural and recreational uses. This is intended to protect agricultural land from urban expansion. It restricts intensive development along undeveloped shorelines, functions as a buffer between suburban areas, and maintains open spaces and opportunities for recreational uses compatible with agricultural activities. Preferred uses include agriculture, recreational facilities, and low density residential development. General policies related to rural environment are as follows:

Protect areas with a high capacity of supporting agricultural or forestry uses from incompatible development. Encourage public and private recreational facilities that are compatible with agriculture and forestry industry. Discourage urban density development. Promote low-density residential development. Allow mineral extraction with sufficient buffers. Require development within the rural environment to be compatible with uses and activities in adjacent (including aquatic) environments.

1.3.3 Suburban Environment The suburban environment is designated for residential, commercial, and industrial uses within the County’s shoreline. This environment insures optimum utilization of shoreline allows intensive public use and manages development for multiple suburban uses. The suburban environment includes lands that are less environmentally sensitive, and areas that are presently subject to intense development and are planned to accommodate future suburban expansion. Policies for suburban environment are as follows:

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Prioritize the preservation or expansion of existing high-intensity commercial or industrial waterfront centers over the creation of new high intensity industrial or commercial sites. Site industrial or urban development in areas without severe biophysical limitations. Prioritize “water-dependent,” “water-related,” and “water-enjoyment” uses over other waterfront uses. Ensure that developments within the suburban environment are compatible with uses and activities in adjacent (including aquatic) environments.

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2 LAND CAPACITY ANALYSIS RESULTS BY REACHES The shoreline jurisdiction land-capacity analysis results for total residential unit capacities are organized by reach and summarized in Table 2. The land-capacity analysis results for commercial lands by reach are provided in Table 3. The methodology used to develop these results is described in Section 8 of the report.

Table 2 Estimated Residential Land Capacity Summary

Net Total Capacity Developable in Residential Reach Acre Units Columbia River Reach 1 – Crescent Bar 51 8 Columbia River Reach 2 – Downstream of Crescent Bar to Wanapum Dam, 656 34 including Sunland Estates Columbia River Reach 3 – Downstream of 726 50 Wanapum Dam to Priest Rapids Dam Columbia River Reach 4 – Priest Rapids 288 14 Dam to Vernita Bridge Columbia River Reach 5 – Vernita Bridge 0 0 to County Boundary Crescent Bay and Lake Roosevelt 0 0 Banks and Associated Lakes 0 0 Coffee and Long Lakes 62 2 Sun Lakes – Blue Lake 88 98 Sun Lakes – All Others 248 12 Sun Lakes – Park Lake 32 4 Soap Lake – Unincorporated 58 20 Reservoirs along Main Canal 180 7 Small Lakes South of Wilson Creek 132 3 Ephrata/North Rocky Ford Lakes 145 30 Moses Lake – Reach 1 322 90 Moses Lake – Reach 2 154 456 Moses Lake – Reach 3 177 587 Quincy Basin Lakes 1,798 81 Potholes/Frenchman Coulee Lakes 50 1981 Potholes Reservoir – Reach 1 75 4 Potholes Reservoir – Reach 2 9 9 Drumheller Channels Lakes 57 7

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Net Total Capacity Developable in Residential Reach Acre Units Lakes North of Lower Crab Creek 289 30 Lower Grant County Lakes 102 5 Lind Coulee 856 21 Lower Crab Creek 1,405 39 Rocky Ford Creek 389 53 Sand Hollow Creek 2,742 29 Upper Crab Creek Reach 1 – County Line 1,141 29 to Brook Lake Upper Crab Creek Reach 2 – Brook Lake 2,742 217 to Moses Lake

Note: 1. Variable density for master planned resort. Four dwelling unit per acre is considered.

Table 3 Estimated Commercial Land Capacity Summary

Net Total Building Area Capacity in Developable Square Feet (40% land Reach Acre coverage) Moses Lake - Reach 3 4 53,371 Sun Lakes – Park Lake 1 17,000

Columbia River – Crescent Bar Land use on the eastern bank of the Columbia River is rural remote. As the Crescent Bar island area is developed for recreational purposes according to the County's recreational development land use and the Grant Public Utility District (PUD) plan, future residential development will mainly occur in the rural remote designated area. Development capacity in this area is limited and is further restricted by the steep slopes in the area. Use conflicts between anticipated uses and SMA preferred uses are unlikely especially when accounting for the County's recreational development land use that would allow recreational uses proposed in the Crescent Bar island.

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Columbia River – Downstream of Crescent Bar to Wanapum Dam, Including Sunland Estates Most of the undeveloped land in this area has a rural remote land use designation, accounting for 32 of the 34 calculated residential unit development capacity. Sunland Estates is designated shoreline development and is primarily developed with single family residences. Most of this development is outside the shoreline area; Grant PUD either owns or retains easement of most of the shoreline near Sunland Estates.

Approximately 34% of the shoreline area (24 acres) is likely to continue to have restrictions on development, including the Quincy Wildlife Area and Grant PUD-owned or managed recreation areas. No potential use conflicts between SMA preferred uses and currently planned future uses are anticipated in this reach.

Columbia River – Downstream of Wanapum Dam to Priest Rapids Dam Most of the undeveloped land in this area has rural remote land use designation accounting for 33 of the 50 calculated residential unit development capacity. Also, undeveloped lands near Beverly with rural residential 2 land use designation and near Desert Aire with rural residential 1 land use designation, as well as rural village land use designation provides some additional capacity. No potential land use conflict is anticipated for the projected future development pattern in this reach.

Columbia River – Priest Rapids Dam to Vernita Bridge The plan's Hanford Federal Reserve land use designation would limit development capacity in this reach, along with public land ownership by Grant County PUD and USBR. Developable land in this reach include those areas designated as rural remote (13 potential residential units) and irrigated (one potential residential unit). Potential use conflicts between SMA preferred uses and currently planned future uses would be minimal in this reach.

Columbia River – Vernita to County Boundary This entire reach is restricted under Hanford Federal Reserve land use. No development is anticipated in this reach.

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Crab Creek – Brook Lake to Moses Lake (Waterbody) Overall, much of the development potential in this reach would be restricted by public land ownership. The north-south stretch of the shoreline from the Stratford to Moses Lake is owned primarily by WDFW (Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area – 1271.42 acres) and USBR (427 acres). This represents more than 50% of the shorelands within this reach. For this reach, major development capacity is roughly equally distributed among lands with rural remote, rural residential 1, and rural residential 2 land use designations. Any use conflict under SMA preferred use is anticipated to be minimal in residential developments. Because of the protection of wild life areas, use conflict is further minimized.

Crab Creek – County Line to Brook Lake This entire reach has dryland, irrigated, and rangeland land uses. These would have minimal residential development capacity (1 dwelling unit per 40 acres). No public ownership exists in this reach to further restrict development potential. Based on the existing and future land use, use conflict with SMA is anticipated to be minimal.

Lake Group C – Coffee and Long This entire reach has a dryland land use designation and is entirely in private ownership. This limits the residential development capacity. No potential land use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Lake Group F – Reservoirs along Main Canal This reach has predominantly open space and rangeland land use designations. Other land uses include irrigated and rural residential 2. Rangeland and irrigated would add very limited residential development capacity (three units). Development capacity for four additional residential units exists in the rural residential 2 land use area near Stratford. No potential land use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Lake Group G – South of Wilson Creek This entire reach has rangeland land use designation. This provides limited residential development capacity (three units). Potential land use conflict is in this reach would be minimal.

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Lake Group H – Ephrata/North Rocky Ford Although land in this reach is 60% publicly owned (WDFW and DNR), DNR-owned land has development potential. DNR and other privately owned land under rural residential 1 land use designation provides capacity in this reach (30 units). There are some existing commercial uses in the rural residential 1 land use area that may pose a use conflict.

Lake Group J – Quincy Basin In this reach, public ownership of land by USBR (Desert Wildlife Area – 266 acres and Potholes Wildlife Area – 290 acres) and WDFW (Quincy Wildlife Area – 32 acres) limits future development, accounting for approximately 25% of the shorelands. The majority of the residential development capacity exists in rural remote designated areas (64 of the 81 total units). Land designated irrigated and rural residential comprise the rest of the development capacity. No major land use conflict is in this reach is anticipated.

Lake Group K – Potholes/Frenchman Coulee In this reach, major land capacity exists in the 63-acre area with master planned resort land use designation around Hilltop Lake. This area is on the west side of Hilltop Lake and abuts the Frenchman Coulee recreation area to the west and south. Development potential in this lake shoreline would be mostly on private land. Uses allowed under master planned resort are mostly recreational in nature, but do allow both water and non-water oriented uses. Use conflict can be minimized by locating non-water oriented recreational uses outside the shoreline area.

For this area, no specific density has been identified in the county plan to identify a specific the land capacity; density is dependent on a specific development proposal. For the purpose of this analysis, a development density of four dwelling units per acre has been conservatively assumed, for a total of 198 potential residential units.

In other areas of this reach, development would be largely restricted along Potholes Coulee Lakes shoreline because of the wildlife refuge area under public ownership (USBR and WDFW). The County's open space land use designation is applied to these lands. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in Potholes Coulee Lakes shoreline area.

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Lake Group M – Drumheller Channels Limited capacity exists in the rural residential 2 land use areas near Warden Lake. Most of the shoreline is under open space designation, and is also part of wildlife refuge areas under public ownership that would restrict future development. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Lake Group N – North of Lower Crab Creek Rural remote and rural residential 1 land uses in this area provide development capacity in this reach (9 and 21 units respectively). This includes shoreline along Red Rock Lake owned by DNR. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Lind Coulee This entire reach has irrigated and open space land use designations, providing 21 units of residential development capacity at one dwelling unit per 40 acres. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Lower Crab Creek Limited capacity exists in the rural residential 2 land use area near Beverly and Schawana (four potential units), with the remaining (35 potential units) existing in rangeland and irrigated designated lands. A major portion of the shoreline in this reach also includes wildlife refuge and recreation areas with an open space land use designation. No potential SMA use conflicts are anticipated in this reach.

Moses Lake – Reach 1 Moses Lake Reach 1 has major development potential along the east and west banks. The land use designation along the east bank is shoreline development and accounts for more than half of the development capacity (52 of 90). This area is partially developed with single- family residences. The west bank is mainly undeveloped. Rural residential 1 designated lands in this area provide most of the remaining development potential (34 units). Generally, residential land uses are not expected to have any major SMA preferred use conflict.

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Moses Lake – Reach 2 Significant development capacity exists in Moses Lake Reach 2, especially within the City of Moses Lake UGA. Residential, low density land use designated areas provides significant development capacity (352 units of the 456 total capacity), followed by residential, medium density (99 units). Generally, residential land uses are not expected to have any major SMA preferred use conflict. However, development at a relatively higher density in this reach might result in the placement of some uses accessory to residential developments within shoreline.

Moses Lake – Reach 3 Significant development capacity exists in Moses Lake Reach 3. Development capacity in this reach exists mostly within the residential, low density areas (351 units of the 587 total). Residential, high density designated lands, primarily on the east side of the reach would also add significant development potential (230 units). Generally, residential land uses are not expected to have any major SMA preferred use conflict. However, similar to other reaches in Moses Lake, development at a relatively higher density in this reach might result in the placement of some uses accessory to residential developments within shoreline.

Rocky Ford Creek Land capacity in this reach is limited to approximately half of the reach. The rest of the reach is part of the Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area owned by WDFW. Within the developable areas, development capacity would be added in the rural remote (15 units) and rural residential 1 (38 units) land use areas. No SMA preferred use conflicts are anticipated.

Sand Hollow Rural remote and irrigated land use designated areas exist adjacent to Sand Hollow and based on acreage available up to 29 residential units could be developed. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated.

Soap Lake – Unincorporated Rural residential 1 and recreational development land use designated areas would add some capacity in this reach (21 units total roughly equally split between the two designations).

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This entire reach is under public ownership. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Sun Lakes – All Others Sun Lakes Dry Falls State Park near Dry Falls Lake and Deep Lake are designated as master planned resort. This area could add significant development capacity in this reach, as illustrated with a density of four dwelling units per acre. However, development would most likely be restricted under the state ownership. Limited capacity may be added in privately owned land under rangeland, rural remote and shoreline development land use areas. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Sun Lakes – Blue Lake Most of the land capacity is anticipated on the east bank of Blue Lake due to its relatively flat topography. This would occur mostly on the undeveloped portion of the Shoreline development land use area (93 of the 98 units). No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Sun Lakes – Park Lake This reach is also part of the Sun Lakes Dry Falls State Park. Development capacity under the master planned resort land use designation would likely mostly be restricted by state ownership. Limited additional capacity exists in the rural residential land use area. No potential SMA use conflict is anticipated in this reach.

Several other reaches would have very limited development capacity due to current land use or land conservation expected under state or federal ownership, including: Banks Lake Lower Grant County Lakes Crescent Bay and Lake Roosevelt Potholes Reservoir Reach 1 Potholes Reservoir Reach 2 Sun Lake – Park Lake

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3 REACH CHARACTERIZATION TABLES This section summarizes the characterization of each Grant County shoreline reach. The elements described for each location include:

Existing/physical descriptions

Reach location description Reach length Shoreline jurisdiction area Ownership Existing land cover Geomorphic character Flooding and geologic hazards Land use and current SMP designations Habitat types and presence of priority species and habitats Existing public access Vegetation characteristics Major infrastructure Water quality concerns

Reach characterization and analysis

Water quantity Water quality Habitat

Preliminary reach goals and environment designations

Protection goals Restoration goals Public access goals

Identified development plans

Identified restoration measures Identified public access improvements Cumulative impact considerations

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach 1/RM 441.5 to 439 Reach Length: 2.5 miles Crescent Bar Shoreline Jurisdiction: 172 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Columbia River (Lake Wanapum) at Crescent Bar Subreaches (SR), see Figure 1: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The majority of the reach is owned by the public (80%, Grant County PUD). The other 20% is privately owned.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Dominant land covers are medium density residential, lawn (park and golf course), and parking lot. Undeveloped areas have limited vegetation.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Master planned resort, 0.4 acres; open space, 36 acres; recreational development, 55 acres; rural remote, 81 acres Current SMP environment designation: Suburban (Crescent Bar only), rural

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Major Infrastructure: Marina, campground, golf course, waste water treatment plant, public water system, roads, and bridge crossing onto the island Geomorphic Character: Large outburst flood gravel deposit that creates an island within Wanapum Reservoir; east bank is a steep, exposed basalt outcrop. Hardened banks: Bulkheads/walls in places around the island. Total estimated hardened shoreline distance is approximately 2,900 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Flood risk on the Columbia River is managed by upstream dams. Trinidad Creek is known to flood frequently (FEMA). The reach contains steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls, and soils susceptible and somewhat susceptible to liquefaction.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely regulated by Wanapum Dam operations, which regulate the pool elevation of the Wanapum Reservoir, and Rock Island Dam, which regulates upstream water input to the reach. Within the reach, water inputs include Baird Creek (seasonal, spring-water stream); other small, steep bedrock gullies that primarily convey surface water runoff during storms; and surface water runoff from adjacent developed areas on Crescent Bar. Floodplain functions are highly impacted by the regulated pool elevation; the area available for floodplain storage is limited to the narrow wetland areas along the island margins. Sediment input and transport are impacted by dam operations. Inputs within the immediate reach are limited to Baird Creek, other minor drainages, and adjacent developed areas, which contribute fine sediments during storms from both water and wind.

Water Quality: There is a 305b water quality listing for pH and dissolved oxygen near the golf course on Crescent Bar. Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Functional riparian habitat is limited by development and natural conditions; however, a relatively wide buffer occurs on the east side of the island from the south end of the island to the southern extent of the RV park. Riparian buffer widths varying from approximately 0 feet to 200 feet. The central western side of the island also has a moderate sized riparian buffer of approximately 170 feet. In all other portions of the island, riparian areas are limited with widths of 15 feet or less. Except for a few trees associated with recreation development, no riparian vegetation exists along the eastern shore of the river. Upland areas include shrub steppe habitat supporting mule deer and prairie falcon, and developed areas for recreation, residential, or agricultural uses. The area, including Trinidad Creek, supports a migratory and rearing corridor for steelhead and other salmonids, and a resting area for common loon, ducks and other migratory waterfowl in high concentrations. There are 24 acres of wetlands, which are primarily palustrine emergent, but also including scrub-shrub and forested areas (NWI).

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Instream habitat quality is primarily limited by dams, which inhibit salmonid migration and disrupt natural fluvial processes such as flooding, development of riparian vegetation, and transport and retention of bedload and large woody debris. The pool conditions limit instream diversity such as shallow water and alcove habitat along the shoreline. Conditions may also support predation of juvenile salmonids by larger fish and introduced species due to lack of cover and shallow water habitat.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Development associated with residential, recreation and agriculture uses; armoring, recreation use; road crossings, docks; recreation uses Potential Stressors: Increased recreational development and use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Establish riparian buffers where absent on island; incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit recreation access within intact riparian and wetland areas; stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting/enhancing natural functions and recreation access. Consider combination of conservancy and recreation-related designations, including high intensity (Crescent Bar).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Public access in this management area is mainly available within the Crescent Bar Recreation Area owned by Grant PUD. This area provides public access amenities such as campground, boat launch, golf course, fishing and swimming activities, and beach access. Crescent Bar Road NW provides major access to all recreational facilities and connects upland recreation areas with the island. Currently, private parties lease condominiums and RV lots on the Crescent Bar Island. Public access is blocked in some areas by existing developments, especially the two RV parks and one hotel establishment. The wildlife area east of the main island does not have trail or water access. Public access to the remaining shoreline in this management area, especially to the east bank of the Columbia River, is limited due to the steep slope and rocky nature of the shoreline. In addition to Grant PUD, WDFW also owns land in this shoreline area. Public ownership and recreation constitutes 11% of the shoreline in this management area as follows: • Grant PUD – Crescent Bar Recreation Area – 12 acres • WDFW – Quincy Wildlife Area – 7 acres Overall, this management area has 52 acres of recreational land in public and private ownership out of a total 172 acres of shoreline. Existing public access facilities all provided by Grant PUD in this management area are as follows: • Boat ramp – improved – 2 • Boat ramp – unimproved –2 • Campground – 1 • Dock – 8

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: Crescent Bar Island Plan was prepared in 2010 as part of the Grant PUD Shoreline Management Plan and this plan includes ways to increase public use opportunities and access. The preferred option of the Plan would remove several existing uses (e.g. RV lots, condominiums) from the island and would transform them into public recreational facilities such as campgrounds, boat launch etc. It proposes multiple trails such as upland shoreline trail, wildlife interpretive trail, and non-motorized water trail. Improvements also include multiple public access amenities such as parks, campgrounds, viewing areas, day use beach, parking, boat launch areas including hand boat launch, and removal of shoreline bulkheads in the vicinity of the RV parks. The non-motorized water trail would provide access to the riparian habitat restoration areas. Improvements would remove six RV sites and place a directional sign, picnic tables, a vault toilet, and a site map.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Maintain and, where possible, improve public access opportunities in this reach.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on Wanapum Dam operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Chemical contaminant impacts from recreation infrastructure and development • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation, overwater structures, and planned beach nourishment (aquatic fill) • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through recreation development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach 2/RM 439 to 415 Reach Length: 24 miles Crescent Bar to Wanapum Dam Shoreline Jurisdiction: 722 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Typical shorelands in Reach 2 (Subreach 1, left) and Sunland Estates (Subreach 3, right). Description: Columbia River (Lake Wanapum) from the downstream end of Crescent Bar to Wanapum Dam; east shore only. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d: SR A: Begins at approximately river mile 439 extending 43,000 feet to the south SR B: Extends approximately 11,000 feet around developed area to the south SR C: Extends approximately 47,000 feet to the south SR D: Extends approximately 35,000 feet to the south ending just downstream of Wanapum Dam PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The majority is public (WDFW, USBR, Grant PUD) with a small amount (<10%) of private ownership.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space (Quincy unit of State Wildlife Refuge)

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rural remote, 716 acres; shoreline development, 6 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, road along water, Interstate 90 road crossing, major hydroelectric dam, public water systems

Geomorphic Character: Wanapum Reservoir is controlled by the Wanapum Dam; the river is flanked by outburst flood deposits in Subreaches 1 through 3 and steep, exposed basalt outcrop in Subreach 4 and at the upstream end of Subreach 1. Hardened banks: A few sections of armored shoreline in places where roads run next to the river. Total estimated hardened shoreline is approximately 900 feet.

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Flood risk on the Columbia River is managed by upstream dams. The reach contains steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls, and soils susceptible and somewhat susceptible to liquefaction.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely regulated by Wanapum Dam operations, which regulate the pool elevation of the Wanapum Reservoir, and Rock Island Dam, which regulates upstream water input to the reach. Water inputs include several small, steep bedrock gullies that primarily convey surface water runoff during storms, and surface water runoff from adjacent developed areas in Sunland Estates. Inputs into the reach also include Sand Hollow Creek and several larger Kittitas County creeks from the west. Floodplain functions are highly impacted by the regulated pool elevation; the area available for floodplain storage is limited to the narrow wetland areas along the island margins. Sediment input and transport are impacted by dam operations. Inputs within the immediate reach are limited to bedrock gullies, and adjacent developed areas, which contribute fine sediments during storms from both water and wind.

Water Quality: There is a 303d listing for temperature and a 305b listing for water with a TMDL for total dissolved gas. Water quality is affected by riparian vegetation conditions, soil type, slope, stormwater events, and wind erosion. In this reach specifically, water quality appears to be affected by dam operations where releases cause total dissolved gas impacts and water impounded in reservoirs cause increases in temperature.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The riparian zone is naturally sparse here due to the climate and steep cliff walls and, where it exists, it consists of scattered trees. Riparian habitat forming processes are dominated by pool-level management at the Wanapum Dam that effectively limits the extent and diversity of riparian vegetation and habitat diversity. Within this reach, wetland habitat along the eastern shoreline is essentially absent except for fringes on the island upstream of Wanapum and a few off-channel wetlands within SR 4. These areas serve as a resting and use location for common loon, ducks and other migratory waterfowl in high concentrations. The upland landcover is shrub-scrub steppe with abundant agricultural fields several miles away. Channel migration is naturally confined by the cliff walls and faces. The rare plant known as snowball cactus is found in some tributary canyon walls, and on some islands in the river. Mule deer, chukar, peregrine falcon and prairie falcon are present, along with several snake species. Dolly varden/bull trout, rainbow trout, and summer steelhead rear or spawn in the upper portions of tributaries in this reach. Anadromous fish include fall, spring, and summer Chinook, coho, sockeye, and summer steelhead, with fall Chinook and summer steelhead spawning in Sand Hollow Creek. Lake species include large- and smallmouth bass, kokanee, and walleye. White sturgeon and mountain whitefish are also present. Mule deer, elk, and bighorn sheep are present on the cliffs/bluffs to the west of the river.

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) within small off-channel coves where aquatic species may take refuge. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect cove areas from heavy recreation use; consider encouraging public access moorage outside of vegetated areas, especially those areas providing high-quality habitat including shrub-steppe habitat. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Recreation use, residential development, groins and other armoring, docks and boat ramps near southern end of subreach Potential Stressors: Further residential and recreation development and use, greater conversion of private yards from native vegetation to lawns and associated increase in fertilizer/herbicide use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Convert areas within the shoreline jurisdiction to native vegetation, and re- establishing a functional riparian shoreline. Evaluate opportunities to incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) along with soft bank stabilization techniques, particularly to support habitat substrate and water access opportunities (beach). Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect native riparian and shrub-steppe vegetation to preserve and support re-establishment of this land cover type. Limit recreation access within intact riparian and shrub-steppe areas. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use including off-road vehicle and trail impacts within shrub steppe habitat Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate recreation water access to limit fragmentation of upland habitat. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Major highway crossing, highway adjacent to shoreline, dam infrastructure, development, and

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY armoring Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use, expanded dam development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) within small off-channel coves where fish may take refuge. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect cove areas from heavy recreation use; consider encouraging public access moorage outside of vegetated areas, especially those areas providing high-quality habitat including shrub-steppe habitat. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses (rural remote and shoreline residential), while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider conservancy (SR A, C, D) and shoreline residential (SR B).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Most of the shoreline in this management area is characterized by steep slope that limits shoreline public access. Land from the south of the Crescent Bar area to the Frenchman Coulee Recreation Area is mostly under public ownership by the BLM, USBR, and Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW). Public ownership and recreation constitutes about 43% of the shoreline area. The Wanapum Dam area is owned by Grant PUD. Public ownership of shoreline is listed below: • Grant PUD – lower and upper Wanapum Dam, Sunland boat launch, Frenchman Coulee – 4 acres • BLM – Quincy Wildlife Area – 29 acres • USBR – Quincy Wildlife Area and other – 45.5 acres • WDFW – Quincy Wildlife Area and other – 165.49 acres • Washington Department of Natural Resources land – 37 acres Public Access Opportunities such as boat ramp and moorage are available at the southern part of Sunland Estates. To the south of Sunland Estates, several county roads end at the shoreline. Further south, Old Vantage Highway runs through Frenchman Coulee Recreation Area, ending at the river bank providing shoreline access and parking facilities. South of Frenchman Coulee, I-90 parallels the shoreline at a higher elevation until it crosses the Columbia River. In this segment, I-90 South provides visual access to Columbia River and access to viewpoint locations on USBR land. SR 243 and a segment of SR 26 parallel the shoreline on high banks providing view of the Columbia River. SR 243 near the SR 26 junction provides shoreline access and gravel parking facilities on Grant PUD owned land. The Wanapum Dam and Sunland Estates shoreline areas have public access and boat launching facilities. Existing public access facilities in this management area are as follows: • Boat ramp – improved – 4 • Campground – 2 • Private docks – 2 • Water access – 2

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: On Grant PUD properties, improvements have been identified for the Wanapum Dam boat launch, Wanapum Overlook, Wanapum Heritage Center, Ice Age Floods Kiosks (2) and Historic Properties Protection Sign, and Frenchman Coulee Boat Launch (FERC 2012).

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Public access is limited on steep slope areas. Existing public access opportunities and proposed improvements would adequately address public access needs for this reach.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on Wanapum Dam operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces at Wanapum leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Chemical contaminant impacts from Wanapum development • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through groins along residential development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use, residential development, and Wanapum Dam

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach 3/RM 415 to 397.5 Reach Length: 17.5 miles Wanapum Dam to Priest Rapids Dam Shoreline Jurisdiction: 789 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Typical shorelands in Reach 3 (Subreach 1, left) and Desert Aire (Subreach 3, right). Description: Columbia River (Priest Rapids Lake) from Wanapum Dam to Priest Rapids Dam; east shore only Subreaches (SR), see Figures 3a, 3b, 3c: SR A: Begins downstream of Wanapum Dam and extends approximately 23,000 feet south to the outlet of Lower Crab Creek SR B: Extends approximately 80,000 feet to the south, including a number of off-channel areas SR C: Extends approximately 28,000 feet to the southeast ending at the Priest Rapids Dam PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The majority is private with some federal (BLM), state (WDFW), and county (Grant PUD).

Existing Land Cover/Development: Rural residential, agriculture, and open space

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rural community, 10 acres; rural remote, 727 acres; rural residential 2, 50 acres; rural village, 2.5 acres Current SMP environment designation: • Suburban (RM 397.5-403) • Rural (RM 403-415) Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, railroad crossing, road along water, transmission line crossings, major hydroelectric dam.

Geomorphic Character: Priest Rapids Reservoir is controlled by the Priest Rapids dam; the river banks are primarily river alluvium with some outburst flood gravels and dune sands. Hardened banks: Some sections of armored shoreline where roads run next to river. Total estimated hardened shoreline is approximately 2,600 feet.

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Flood risk on the Columbia River is managed by upstream dams. The reach contains a minor amount of steep slope (>40%) hazards just downstream of Crab Creek, and moderate to high liquefiable soils associated with river alluvium that are primarily located between Wanapum Dam and Mattawa.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely regulated by Priest Rapids Dam operations which regulate the pool elevation of the Priest Rapids Reservoir and Wanapum Dam, which regulates upstream water input to the reach. Major sediment inputs are provided by Lower Crab Creek at sub-reach B. Sediment inputs from agricultural lands along western side of river occur within sub-reach B and C.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for temperature, PCB, 4,4'-DDE, 4,4'-DDD; 305b listing for waters with a TMDL for total dissolved gas and dioxin; 305b listings for water of concern for 2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ; and 305b listings for water impaired by a non-pollutant (invasive exotic species). Water quality for this reach appears to be affected by dam operations where releases cause total dissolved gas impacts and water impounded in reservoirs cause increases in temperature. Additionally, water quality may be affected by runoff from irrigated farmland and electric processes.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The riparian zone is naturally sparse throughout much of the reach due to the climate and steep cliff walls. At Subreaches B and C, riparian buffer widths are approximately 100 feet. Off-channel areas within Subreach C support riparian and wetland vegetation. Upstream areas include shrub steppe habitat outside of development. Islands in Subreach A and off-channel areas in Subreach B and the northern portion of Subreach C contain fringe wetland vegetation. Several rare plants have been documented in or near the shoreline jurisdiction plant, including Northern wormwood, grand redstem, gray cryptantha, Hoover’s desert-parsley, Geyer’s milk-vetch, dwarf evening primrose, and white eatonella. Awned halfchaff sedge and beaked spike rush have been documented in wetlands along the shoreline and on islands in the reach. These areas serve as a resting and use location for and other migratory waterfowl in sizeable concentrations. Dolly Varden/bull trout, rainbow trout, and summer steelhead rear or spawn in the upper portions of tributaries in this reach. Anadromous fish include fall, spring, and summer Chinook, coho, sockeye, and summer steelhead. Lake species include large- and smallmouth bass, kokanee, and walleye. White sturgeon and mountain whitefish are also present. Mule deer, elk, and bighorn sheep are present on the cliffs/bluffs to the west of the river. Mule deer, chukar, peregrine and prairie falcons, golden and bald eagle, Caspian terns, black-crowned night heron, sagebrush lizard and vole are present, along with several snake species. The context of this reach is shrub-scrub steppe with some areas of residential and agricultural land use. Channel migration is naturally confined by the cliff walls and faces. Riparian habitat forming processes are dominated by pool level management at the Priest Rapids Dam that effectively limits the extent and diversity of riparian vegetation

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY and habitat diversity.

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Railroad bridge/trail crossing, portions of highway within shoreline jurisdiction, residential development, recreation use Potential Stressors: Rural residential 2 zoning at Beverley and Schawana allowing one dwelling unit per 2.5 acres; increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate incentives for private landowners to preserve native vegetation or increase riparian buffers. Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect cove areas from increased recreation use, especially where intact wetlands or riparian areas exist. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Highway within shoreline jurisdiction, off-road vehicle trails within shrub-steppe habitat, recreation use, agricultural field within shoreline jurisdiction Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use; development associated with highways (increased width) Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) within off- channel coves where high quality habitat exists. Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect cove areas from heavy recreation use; consider encouraging public access moorage outside of vegetated areas, especially those areas likely used as refuge by fish. SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Recreation development and use, residential development (outside of jurisdiction boundary), dam operations, and infrastructure Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and residential development pressure Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider Incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) where it will not interfere with dam operations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect large riparian areas within north portion of subreach from heavy recreation use; consider encouraging public access moorage outside of vegetated areas. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural conservancy, shoreline residential

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Shoreline in this management area is owned by both public and private entities. Public ownership and recreation constitutes about 22% of the shoreline area. Similar to the previous management area, SR 243 parallels the shoreline. View of the Columbia River is available from SR 243 near Beverly where John Wayne Pioneer Trail connects with the Milwaukee Road Corridor and crosses the river at the Beverly Railroad Bridge. Near Schawana, one graveled road from Shore Drive provides shoreline public access. The Desert Aire residential area has public access and boat launching facilities. Grant PUD manages the entire river frontage in this management area under operational easement. However, some portions of the Grant PUD managed areas are less than the 200 feet of shoreline jurisdiction and the remaining portions of the shoreline are owned by private property owners. This area is mostly improved. Remaining unimproved privately owned portion of shoreline is too steep and rocky to have direct public access. The Priest Rapids Wildlife area west of Mattawa urban growth area is owned by WDFW. Boat launch (Buckshot Boat Launch) and public access is available on the southern side of the shoreline owned by Grant PUD. Public ownership of shoreline is listed below:

• Grant PUD – lower and upper Wanapum Dam, Sunland boat launch, Frenchman Coulee – 512 acres • BLM – Quincy Wildlife Area – 29 acres • USBR – Quincy Wildlife Area and other – 45.5 acres • WDFW – Quincy Wildlife Area and other – 165.49 acres • WDNR land – 37 acres

Existing public access facilities in this management area are as follows:

• Boat ramp – improved – 3 • Campground – 2 • Dock – 1 • Water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: On Grant PUD properties, improvements have been identified for the Priest Rapids Park and Desert Aire/Mattawa trail, Desert Aire Boat Launch, Priest Rapids Park (Priest Rapids Recreation Area) and Priest Rapids Dam Tailrace (FERC 2012).

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Existing public access opportunities and proposed improvements for this management area support and implement the goals and policies of the Grant PUD's Shoreline Management Plan 2010. Overall, these improvements would meet the public access need in the area.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS

Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on Priest Rapids Dam operations.

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces at Priest Rapids dam and residential development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Chemical contaminant impacts from dam operations and irrigation development • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization • Other impacts including increased noise and light from Priest Rapids Dam

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach 4/RM 397.5 to 388.5 Reach Length: 9 miles Priest Rapids Dam to Vernita Bridge Shoreline Jurisdiction: 364 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Typical shorelands in Reach 4 Description: Columbia River from Priest Rapids Dam to Vernita Bridge; east/north shore only Subreaches (SR), see Figure 4: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Some private (40%); mostly federal (60%) split between Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site, and joint U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Hanford Reach National Monument).

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Hanford Federal Reserve, 59 acres; irrigated, 32 acres; rural remote, 273 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, State Highway 24 crossing, transmission line crossings

Geomorphic Character: This reach is within the Hanford Reach, which is the last free-flowing portion of the Columbia River that is not a dam reservoir. However, river flows are regulated by upstream dam operations. River banks are primarily outburst flood deposits with some river alluvium and dune sands. Hardened banks: None identified in this reach

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Flood risk on the Columbia River is managed by upstream dams. Portions of the adjacent floodplain including the lower-lying areas near RM 393 and just upstream of Vernita bridge are within the mapped FEMA 100-year floodplain. The reach contains a minor amount of moderately erodible soils; soils generally have low liquefaction potential, except for those designated moderate to high near RM 393 and near Vernita Bridge.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely regulated by Priest Rapids Dam which regulates upstream water input to the reach. Sediment input processes are restricted by upstream dams, but sediment can move freely within the reach.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for temperature, Aldrin, PCB, Chlordane, and 4,4'-DDE and 305b listings for waters with a TMDL for total dissoved gas, Dioxin; 305b waters of concern for PCB, pH, and Chromium. Water quality for this reach appears to be affected by dam operations where releases cause total dissolved gas impacts and water impounded in reservoirs cause increases in temperature. Additionally, water quality may be affected by runoff from irrigated farmland and electric processes.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The area downstream of Priest Rapids Dam is the only free-flowing reach of the Columbia River in Grant County. Upstream dam operation still dominates much of the hydrology in this reach and wetland habitats are essentially absent except for fringes, where they are relatively well formed and extend to the water edge. The riparian zone is naturally sparse here due to the climate and steep cliff walls and, where it exists, it consists of scattered trees. Swainson’s hawk, and prairie and peregrine falcon are present. Islands contain fringe wetland vegetation. There is a limited amount of irrigated agriculture, and some areas of larger riparian wetlands. Upland areas are exclusively shrub-scrub steppe. Trees and other shrubs are generally confined to the river's edge, and coverage is sparse on the gradual and steep canyon walls. Rare plant species documented to exist in or near the shoreline jurisdiction include Indian ricegrass, bitterbrush, gray cryptantha, evening primrose, persistent sepal yellowcress, sand dropseed, Sandberg’s bluegrass, and Columbia milk vetch. Habitat is relatively diverse instream, including large gravel bars and contoured areas that support fish populations. The shaded and productive habitat available in the narrow riparian zones along the shorelines provide habitat for many fish and wildlife species in this dry area. Dolly Varden/bull trout, rainbow trout, and summer steelhead rear or spawn in the upper portions of tributaries in this reach. Anadromous fish presence and migration include, spring, and summer Chinook, coho, sockeye, and summer steelhead. Lake species include large- and smallmouth bass, kokanee, and walleye. White sturgeon and fall Chinook also spawn in the reach. Mountain whitefish are also present. This reach includes areas of active and stabilized dunes that are a relatively rare habitat in the region.

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Highway crossing (at reach break), irrigation canal inputs with associated water quality concerns Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate recreation water access to limit fragmentation of upland habitat. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses (agriculture and rural remote), while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider combination of conservancy- and recreation-related designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Except for few privately owned parcels east of the Priest Rapids Dam, most of the shoreline is owned by Grant PUD, USBR, and USDOE. SR 243 parallels the shoreline where shoreline view is available. The eastern half of the shoreline is part of the Hanford Reach National Monument's Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge area. This land is owned by USDOE. This area provides safety and security buffer zone for the Hanford site's operations. USFWS administers this area under USDOE permit to provide sports fishing on the Columbia River (USFWS 2008). WDFW manages the one boat launch area just upstream of Vernita Bridge. Public ownership of shoreline constitutes 35% of shoreline as listed below:

• DOE – 95 acres • USBR – 33 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are as follows:

• Boat ramp – unimproved – 1 • Campground – 1 • Water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: The Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan evaluates options for public access and recreation, such as opening this area to public for hunting and fishing. Proposed projects are at a conceptual level and no specific project sites or developments have been identified in this Plan. All of the alternatives indicate the management area either being closed for public use, or being open under controlled hunting enclosure. Only Alternative A (No Action Alternative) indicates the Vernita Bridge area will remain open for public use with existing boat launch, parking, and interpretive facilities. However, the Preferred Alternative (Alternative C-1) describes the area open under controlled hunting enclosure. This alternative provides facilities such as boat-in campsites along the Hanford Reach. But this would be developed after inventories of resources are conducted and sensitive areas are identified in the area under consideration USFWS 2008).

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Potential Public Access Opportunities: Maintain public access opportunity at Vernita Bridge for boat launching. Support opportunities to develop boat launch facilities that concentrate launching into specific area instead of currently unmanaged condition. Access is dependent, in part, on the Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan implementation.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces at highway crossing • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion, particularly from unmanaged boat launching activities • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures

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Appendix B

COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Reach 5/RM 388.5 to 370 Reach Length: 18.5 miles Vernita Bridge to County Boundary Shoreline Jurisdiction: 724 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Typical shorelands in Reach 5. Description: Columbia River from Vernita Bridge to the south county boundary; east/north shore only Subreaches (SR), see Figure 5: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Federal (U.S. Department of Energy/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hanford Reach National Monument)

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Hanford Federal Reserve, 724 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, transmission line crossings, Hanford development (outside of Grant County).

Geomorphic Character: This reach is within the Hanford Reach, which is the last free-flowing portion of the Columbia River that is not a dam reservoir. The reach contains several islands and a more complex channel form than other reaches of the Columbia, particularly downstream of RM 378. River flows are regulated by upstream dam operations. River banks are primarily outburst flood deposits with some river alluvium and dune sands. Hardened banks: None identified in this reach.

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Flood risk on the Columbia River is managed by upstream dams. Portions of the adjacent floodplain including the lower-lying areas near RM 393 and just upstream of Vernita Bridge are within the mapped FEMA 100-year floodplain. The reach contains a minor amount of moderately erodible soils between Vernita Bridge and RM 376; downstream of this point the steep, unstable, bedrock formation along the bank present steep slope (>40%) hazards. Liquefaction potential is generally low.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely regulated by Priest Rapids Dam, which regulates upstream water input to the reach. The process of water flow and sediment input is restricted by upstream dams, but sediment can move freely within the reach.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for PCB, Dioxin, 4,4'-DDE; 305b waters with a TMDL for Dioxin; 305b waters of concern for mercury, benzo[a]pyrene, heptachlor, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, Aldrin, PCB, Chlordane, 4,4'-DDE. Water quality may be affected by runoff from irrigated farmland wasteways, electric processes and the Hanford development.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The area downstream of Priest Rapids Dam is the only free-flowing reach of the Columbia River in Grant County. The riparian zone is naturally sparse here due to the climate and steep cliff walls, and the main riparian patch occurs near Vernita Bridge with widths of approximately 150 feet. Elsewhere, riparian areas consist of scattered trees. Islands and portions of shoreline contain fringe wetland vegetation. Uplands are exclusively shrub-scrub steppe and steep bluffs. Mule deer, geese, gulls, terns, white pelicans, common loon, Swainson’s hawk, bald eagle, black-crowned night heron, burrowing owl, and loggerhead shrike are present. Rare plant species documented to exist in or near the shoreline jurisdiction include awned halfchaff sedge, Indian ricegrass, bitterbrush, Geyer's milk-vetch, grand redstem, gray cryptantha, lowland toothcup, persistent sepal yellowcress, and Piper’s Daisy. Watershed processes within the reach are mostly intact since this area is within the Hanford Reach, the only river segment where the Columbia River is unimpounded. Therefore, the channel is relatively unrestricted and can migrate within the floodplain. Gravel bars in the main channel are common, providing substrate and relatively diverse habitat for migrating and spawning salmon. Dolly Varden/bull trout, rainbow trout, and summer steelhead rear or spawn in the upper portions of tributaries in this reach. Anadromous fish presence and migration include, spring, and summer Chinook, coho, sockeye, and summer steelhead. Lake species include large- and smallmouth bass, kokanee, and walleye. White sturgeon and fall Chinook also spawn in the reach. Mountain whitefish are also present.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH)

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COLUMBIA RIVER GRANT COUNTY Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Hanford development and remedial work (outside of Grant County) Potential Restoration Opportunities: Not applicable Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect existing wetland and riparian habitat by limiting upland access. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Natural

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: The entire shoreline area is owned by USDOE, as part of the Hanford Reach National Monument's Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge area. The area provides buffers for the Hanford's nuclear production sites. SR 24 parallels a portion of the shoreline where shoreline view is available. Few county roads access shoreline although these accesses are mostly restricted to public. USFWS administers this area under USDOE permit to provide sports fishing on the Columbia River (USFWS 2008).

Identified Public Access Improvements: The Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan evaluates options for public access and recreation, such as opening this area to public for hunting and fishing. Proposed projects are at a conceptual level and no specific project sites or developments have been identified in this Plan (USFWS 2008). All of the alternatives indicate the management area either being closed for public use, or being open under controlled hunting enclosure. The Preferred Alternative (Alternative C-1) proposes the area to remain open under controlled hunting enclosure. This alternative provides facilities such as boat-in campsites along the Hanford Reach. But this would be developed after inventories of resources are conducted and sensitive areas are identified in the area under consideration (USFWS 2008).

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Public access opportunity is limited and will depend on the Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan implementation.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures

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CRESCENT BAY AND LAKE ROOSEVELT GRANT COUNTY Crescent Bay, 92 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 86 acres Lake Roosevelt, 212 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Lake Roosevelt (foreground in photo) is the reservoir pool behind the Grand Coulee Dam. Crescent Lake (background) is located between Lake Roosevelt and the City of Grand Coulee; the unincorporated shorelines are east and northeast of the city. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 6: SR A: Located upstream of Grand Coulee Dam, extending downstream approximately 3,000 feet SR B: Extends downstream of Grand Coulee Dam approximately 2,500 feet SR C: Extends south from incorporated area of Lake Roosevelt approximately 5,200 feet SR D: Unincorporated portion of Crescent Bay; subreach length is approximately 5,000 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is primarily federal (NPS) with a small privately owned area at the boat launch northeast of the East Heights development.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space; minor recreational development (e.g., boat launch and access road at both waterbodies)

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CRESCENT BAY AND LAKE ROOSEVELT GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Open space, 80 acres; open space (urban), 5 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Crescent Bay public boat launch, rock quarry within proximity, pump station on Lake Roosevelt, Grand Coulee Dam, and associated facilities.

Geomorphic Character: Lake Roosevelt is a reservoir pool within a bedrock canyon formed by the Grand Coulee Dam. Although Crescent Bay does not have a surface water connection to the reservoir it is maintained by a subsurface connection to the reservoir and the surrounding drainage area. The banks are primarily bedrock with areas of rock talus along Crescent Bay, and outburst flood/glaciolacustrine deposits composing the upland between Crescent Bay and Lake Roosevelt. Lake levels fluctuate seasonally by several feet. Hardened banks: 3,800 feet associated with Grand Coulee Dam.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Both lakes are mapped within the FEMA 100-year floodplain of the Columbia River and contain areas of severe-level soils susceptible to erosion that mantle the bedrock. Soils in the area generally have low to moderate liquefaction susceptibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Crescent Bay historically had two artificial inlets and one outlet culvert. The City of Grand Coulee had previously discharged treated sewage until its upgraded treatment plant was completed in 1987. Reclamation has historically pumped irrigation water from Lake Roosevelt to Crescent Bay to improve water quality. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to Lake Roosevelt during severe rain events. Sediment sources to Crescent Bay include lake shoreline erosion due to wind and wake driven currents exacerbated by soil characteristics and steep slopes.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for temperature, total dissolved gas, fecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, dioxin, mercury, and pH within Lake Roosevelt. Tissues medium listings for Lake Roosevelt include 4-4’-DDT, PCB, 4,4’-DDD, Alpha-BHC, and dioxin. These listings are likely due to the surrounding dam development and bioaccumulation processes due to the impounded nature of the reservoir as well as riparian vegetation conditions, soil type, slope, stormwater events, and wind erosion. Crescent Bay has no 303d or 305b listings; however, Crescent Bay historically was the outlet for sewage from Grand Coulee. Water quality has improved since the Grand Coulee sewage treatment plant was completed in 1987.

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CRESCENT BAY AND LAKE ROOSEVELT GRANT COUNTY Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: On Roosevelt Lake, the riparian zone is naturally sparse due to the climate and steep cliff walls and, where it exists, it consists of scattered trees. Shrub steppe habitat occurs within Subreach C and is dominated by sagebrush species (Artemisia sp.) Crescent Bay shorelines are quite steep and support sagebrush species (Artemisia sp.), Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), and the non-native Tree-of-Heaven species (Ailanthus altissima) with a few patches of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) (River Mile Extension Workshop 2012: http://www.nwnature.net/trm/index.html). The southern portion of the subreach is mostly forested and the northern portion contains steep cliffs with shrub steppe upland habitat. There are no rare plants identified in the area. Fish in these areas include spring and summer Chinook, coho, Dolly Varden/bull trout, sockeye, and summer steelhead. Resident species are rainbow trout, eastern brook trout, and mountain whitefish. Lake-associated species include kokanee, large- and smallmouth bass, burbot, and walleye. Mule deer and Rocky mountain elk are present seasonally. There are several bald eagle and golden eagle nests near the shoreline.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Dam operations and infrastructure, transmission lines, roads, recreation development Potential Stressors: Increased recreation development and changes in dam operations/expansion Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate opportunities to increase riparian vegetation and use of native vegetation within recreation areas. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect intact shrub steppe habitat from fragmentation by future trails or roads. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Dam operations and infrastructure, roads, recreation development Potential Stressors: Increased recreation development and changes in dam operations/expansion Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate opportunities to increase riparian vegetation and use of native vegetation within recreation areas. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use including trails and off-road vehicles in shrub steppe upland areas

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CRESCENT BAY AND LAKE ROOSEVELT GRANT COUNTY Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect intact shrub steppe habitat from fragmentation by future trails or roads. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Protect steep slope areas from runoff and sedimentation.

SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Exotic species in aquatic, riparian and upland areas; recreation use on eastern shore Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive species and replant with natives in riparian and upland areas; if recreation development occurs, consider soft shoreline bank stabilization methods to protect infrastructure. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation consolidating roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Protect steep slope areas from runoff and sedimentation. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider high intensity – public facilities or recreation-related designation (SR A and B) and natural or conservancy-related designations with opportunities for recreation (SR C and D).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Lake Roosevelt and Crescent Bay shoreline within the unincorporated Grant County and the City of Grand Coulee and UGA includes open space land use categories for the most part. This entire shoreline is owned by the US National Parks Service (NPS) and is part of the Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area. The unincorporated Grant County portion has only one dock for public access. Identified Public Access Improvements: No specific improvement has been identified for this reach.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Public access opportunities are limited on the Lake Roosevelt shoreline due to rocky and steep nature of the shoreline. Public access can be enhanced on the Crescent Bay shoreline. However, public access planned within the City of Grand Coulee shoreline (See Lake Roosevelt, Crescent Bay, City of Grand Coulee and UGA) may be adequate to provide public access for the entire Crescent Bay shoreline. CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on Lake Roosevelt and Grand Coulee Dam operations. Crescent Bay protection and revegetation would be beneficial to ecological processes. Reach level: • None identified – no development planned

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY Banks Lake, 26,478 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 2,658 acres Osborn Bay Lake, 321 acres Thompson Lake, 33 acres

Upper right: Banks Lake Lower left: Osborn Bay Lake Lower right: Thompson Lake, Banks Lake in foreground

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Banks Lake is a lake of statewide significance located in the northern portion of Grant County. Osborn Bay is hydraulically connected to a portion of Banks Lake but is spatially separated by a Highway 17 bridge southwest of Electric City. Thompson Lake is within Steamboat Rock State Park. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Primarily federal; a few private parcels intersect the buffer on the east bank of Banks.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Primarily open space. The shorelands of Banks and Osborn Bay Lakes contain a minor amount of paved and unpaved roads, at launches, and recreational infrastructure such as camping and RV sites. A landing strip is located on the east bank southwest of Electric City.

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Dryland, 10 acres; open space, 2,637 acres; rural remote, 11 acres; rural residential 2, 0.4 acres Current SMP environment designation: Grant County – Conservancy Shoreline Coulee City Community Park: Rural Electric City Park (Coulee Playground): Suburban Steamboat Rock State Park: Rural

Major Infrastructure: State park, wildlife area, public water access, dam and CBP facilities, State Highway 155 nearby, transmission lines nearby

Geomorphic Character: Banks Lake and Osborn Bay Lake are located within the bedrock-lined Grand Coulee. The downstream pool elevation is held by Dry Falls Dam. Thompson Lake is perched atop bedrock on Steamboat Rock. A majority of the banks are bedrock with local areas of glacial drift and outburst flood deposits. Thompson Lake is within an active dune area with sand and loess at the surface. Hardened banks: Dry Falls Dam along the downstream (southwest) shore of Banks Lake, armored intake structure at northwest shore adjacent to City of Grand Coulee, local areas of armored banks where Highway 155 runs along the shoreline including the crossing that forms Osborn Bay Lake. Total estimated distance of hardened shore is approximately 27,700 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Banks, Osborn Bay, and Thompson Lakes are within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the water input and elevation are controlled. Several drainages that enter the lake along the east shore are also included in FEMA mapping including Rusho, Devil’s, and Northrup Creeks, and Payne’s Gulch. Shoreline soils are shallow mantling bedrock and therefore have insignificant liquefaction susceptibility and moderate to severe erosion hazard.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is dependent on dam and pumping operations related to the Columbia Basin Project.

Water Quality: Banks Lake is on the 303d list for PCB, which was likely caused by remnants from electrical transformer processes at nearby hydroelectric facilities. It is also on the 303d list for 2,3,7,8-TCDD, which may have been caused by runoff from farmland. It is a 305b listed water, impaired by an invasive exotic species – Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum).

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The lakeshore riparian zone is limited due to the climate and exacerbated by CBP operations. Public input suggests that the lakeshore once supported willow groves. Where riparian areas exist today, they consist of scattered trees immediately adjacent to the water. Upland land cover includes shrub steppe habitat with

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY patches of grassland. Rare plants documented in the shoreline areas include; valley sedge, Idaho fescue, constricted Douglas’ onion, and several species of Artemisia. Because shorelines on these lakes are predominantly undeveloped except for road access to the shore, lake processes are generally functioning well here given the hydrology. Shoreline habitat is mostly intact due to the set back of development to the top of nearby bluffs. This area consist mainly of open-water lake habitat, supporting lake fish species such as burbot, large- and smallmouth bass, trout, kokanee, and walleye. There are also approximately 400 acres of wetlands present along the lake shores, primarily freshwater emergent. Bald eagles are present along some shorelines and on nearby hills. Waterfowl concentrations and rare birds are present in several areas such as American white pelican, common loon and western grebe. Golden eagle, prairie falcon, sagebrush lizard, peregrine falcon, Western long-eared bat, little brown myotis, Western small-footed myotis, canyon bat, big brown bat, California myotis and chukar are present. Cliff habitat and adjacent uplands support mule deer herds and sage grouse.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: A few recreation water access areas on the eastern shoreline, highway adjacent to shore in a few areas on the east and south, recreation use Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: If water access areas are redeveloped, consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Stabilize eroding shorelines utilizing bio-engineered bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect existing functions and habitats. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider natural or conservancy-related designations with opportunities for recreation.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 95% of the Banks Lake – unincorporated shoreline area is publicly owned by USBR, BLM, WDNR, and Washington State Parks. This falls under the Banks Lake Wildlife Area Unit (Fitzgerald 2006). The southern edge of the shoreline abuts SR-2 that offers expansive visual access to the lake. Most of the public access is available from the east and north banks of the shoreline. West bank of the shoreline has steep slope and is not easily accessible. On the east bank, Coulee Boulevard (WA-155) parallels most part of the shoreline and offers visual access. Several local county roads also provide water access on the east bank. Viewpoints and boat ramps are available from the east bank, for example, near the USBR wildlife refuge area, and areas south of it. Steamboat Rock State Park on the northern part of the shoreline has two campground areas, one day-use area, one swimming area, and a boat launch (Washington State Parks 2012). Public ownership of open space and shoreline areas within this shoreline area includes:

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY • USBR wildlife refuge – 2,143 acres • WDNR land – 37 acres • BLM – 17 acres • Washington State Parks (Steamboat Rock State Park) – 331 acres Specific facilities in this management area include:

• Boat Ramp – improved – 4 • Boat Ramp – unimproved – 3 • Campground – 5 • Docks – 4 • Road ends – 1

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: The USBR's Banks Lake Resource Management Plan has identified improvements as follows: • Boat Parking – Provide a 20- to 30-space boat moorage dock at Steamboat Rock State Park's North Campground • Boat Camping Areas – Designate and manage three boat-in camping areas. Two boat-in areas (one in Barker Flats and the other north of Devils Lake) will have no campsite improvements or site amenities (i.e., portable toilets), and the third (located south of the Million $ Mile North Boat Launch) will include the installation of fire rings/grills to delineate individual campsites. The USBR Resource Management Plan recognizes that improvements of facilities will depend of the site's location, need, use and compatibility with land use. Identified improvements needed are:

• Provide portable toilets on a seasonal basis in high use dispersed camping areas where human wastes pose a public health concern throughout the management area • Install a permanent vault toilet and provide centralized trash collection at the Osborn Bay SE Boat Launch • The existing WDFW launch site will become a “fee area” managed by the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission • Post signage for seasonal closures • Additional improvements will include fire rings and grills near campsites, picnic tables, RV hookups, etc. The Steamboat Rock State Park Management Plan recommends following recreational resource managements for the park:

• Expand trail system on Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) land using a management agreement to utilize current roads that are being damaged by illegal use. • Evaluate Northrup Canyon trails to continue with recreation and provide protection to important historic and natural areas. • Develop a trail plan for the park • Provide pamphlets and educational information on the park. Continue with interpretive signs for visitors. Tell the story of the Ice Age floods and the significance of Steamboat Rock. • Campground expansion will provide moorage • Evaluate and possibly develop a plan to allow limited camping in designated areas at Northrup Canyon Potential Public Access Opportunities: Gaps have been identified and addressed under the USBR Resource Management Plan and Steamboat Rock State Park Management Plan. Proposed improvements are expected to meet the public access need in this reach.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on Dry Falls Dam operations. Reach level:

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BANKS AND ASSOCIATED LAKES GRANT COUNTY • Impervious surfaces leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Chemical contaminant impacts from recreation infrastructure and development • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation, overwater structures, and planned beach nourishment (aquatic fill) • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through recreation development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use

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COFFEE AND LONG LAKES GRANT COUNTY Coffee Lake, 22 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 62 acres Long Lake (North), 21 acres total/18 within county limits

Description: Two small lakes in the scablands southeast of Banks Lake in the northern portion of the county. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 8: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The reach is privately owned.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space; may be grazed

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Dryland, 62 acres Current SMP environment designation: Grant County – Rural Major Infrastructure: No major infrastructure.

Geomorphic Character: Naturally low-lying lakes with water surface elevation that fluctuates seasonally. Hardened banks: None identified

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COFFEE AND LONG LAKES GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Both lakes are mapped within FEMA flood areas. Soils adjacent to the lakes shallowly overlay bedrock and therefore have moderate to severe erosion potential and low liquefaction potential.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: These lakes are likely low topographic areas that collect surface runoff during rain and snowmelt events and may also be affected by groundwater inputs.

Water Quality: Though there are no 303d or 305b listings for these lakes, runoff from nearby dryland farming activities may be transported to lakes during severe rain events.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: These lakes are situated in a remote area with few roads nearby. Open-water habitat is isolated from nearby rivers and streams. The immediate riparian zone is mostly unvegetated, but grasses and shrubs are present in the general shoreline area. Adjacent uplands are exclusively shrub-scrub steppe. Agriculture is present immediately to the east of both lakes (approximately 1/2 mile). The area around Long lake has been documented to support two rare plant species, constricted Douglas’ onion, and arrow thelypody. Mule deer, golden eagle, and sage grouse are present. While most habitat is lacustrine, several acres of freshwater emergent habitat exists along the lakes' shores.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Limited grazing around Long Lake, irrigated agricultural land cover and road near Long Lake (both outside of jurisdiction boundary) Potential Restoration Opportunities: None Potential Protection Opportunities: Monitor periodically and evaluate measures needed if grazing impacts appear Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural conservancy

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Shoreline in this management area is privately owned and largely unimproved. This area does not have any formalized public access opportunities. Local roads run near the lakes such as Grand Coulee Hill Road near Long Lake and Road 52 NE near Coffee Lake.

Identified Public Access Improvements: No improvements have been identified in this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunity exists for private development to include public access as the area develops.

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COFFEE AND LONG LAKES GRANT COUNTY CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations – conversion of surrounding shrub steppe upland habitat to croplands

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SUN LAKES, BLUE LAKE GRANT COUNTY Blue Lake, 534 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 195 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Blue Lake is within Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park and Sun Lakes Wildlife Area, southwest of Dry Falls Dam and Park Lake. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 9: SR A: Begins at inlet from Park lake, extending either direction approximately 4,800 feet SR B: From south shoreline extends approximately 7,900 feet west SR C: Extends approximately 6,000 feet southwest SR D: Extends approximately 2,300 feet southwest SR E: Extends around the southern portion of the lake approximately 6,000 feet SR F: Occurs along western shoreline approximately 14,000 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Approximately half public (USFWS) and half private ownership. A majority of the north and west shores is public and the south and east shores are private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space (wildlife area), and development including several private docks.

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SUN LAKES, BLUE LAKE GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rural remote, 124 acres; rural residential 2, 2.5 acres; shoreline development, 68 acres Current SMP environment designation: Suburban

Major Infrastructure: Campground, public water access, near State Highway 17

Geomorphic Character: A natural lake within the Grand Coulee and Sun Lakes chain that is affected by irrigation operations; the downstream water surface elevation is controlled by an outlet structure at the southwest shore. Hardened banks: Outlet structure; dock/marina infrastructure on south shore, private docks and walls along east shore, riprap along road on north shore. Total estimated distance of hardened bank is approximately 1,700 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Blue Lake is within the FEMA mapped floodplain; however, the pool elevation and water input is controlled. Adjacent soils are designated as severe to moderate erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility, except for the alluvial deposits along the south shore which have moderate to high liquefaction potential and low erosion potential.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: The lake is connected to upstream and downstream lakes by surface streams, and water supply comes from groundwater, precipitation, and runoff from rain and snowmelt. Lake level is controlled at the outlet. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lake during severe rain events.

Water Quality: Though there are no 303d or 305b listings for the lake nor any point sources, heavy recreational use, residential use, and nearby livestock farms can be sources of potential water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zones are sparsely vegetated with shrubs and grasses. Upland habitat is mostly natural shrub steppe cliffs and ridges with agriculture on surrounding hillsides. Most of the lake’s shoreline is rocky and/or steep providing poor habitat for vegetation. Rooted aquatic species are protected by docks or in small coves; the dominant species include muskwort plant-like algae, Richardson’s pondweed, northern water milfoil, and ditch-grass (DOE 1999). Blue Lake regularly hosts a variety of waterfowl including a migratory population of up to 60 loons in the spring and fall. Golden eagle, peregrine falcon, and prairie falcon use the cliffs above blue lake for nesting and breeding. Mule deer are also present.

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SUN LAKES, BLUE LAKE GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Recreation use and development, roads Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development, rural remote zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use, livestock or recreation trails within some portions of shrub steppe habitat Potential stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate livestock water access SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Residential development with extensive docks, turfgrass extending to shoreline, armoring, invasive plant species (Russian-olive) Potential Stressors: Zoning allows for two dwelling units per acre, a few parcels are undeveloped or under- developed Potential Restoration Opportunities: Improve riparian conditions on undeveloped parcels Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs.

SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use including roads/trails through shrub steppe habitat, invasive riparian plant species near sub-reach C(Russian-olive); recreational-related development and recreation usage stressors will continue and may increase Potential Stressors: Zoning allows for two dwelling units per acre; parcels have not yet been subdivided for this development density

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SUN LAKES, BLUE LAKE GRANT COUNTY Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Protect steep slopes areas from runoff and sedimentation.

SUBREACH E Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Recreation use and development, roads, residential development Potential Stressors: Zoning allows for two dwelling units per acre, full development is only occurring (with parcels subdivided) on eastern portion of subreach Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices and reduce impacts of armoring during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs.

SUBREACH F Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Highway and associated armoring along most of shoreline Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use, road widening impacts Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate opportunities for riparian planting at southern end of subreach and where bump-outs from highway occur. Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) if possible. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider high intensity (SR A and F), rural conservancy (SR B and D), and shoreline residential (SR C and E).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 53% of the Sun Lakes–Blue Lake management area is either publicly owned by Grant County, USFWS (Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area), WDFW, WDNR, and WSDOT or used for recreational purposes. This management area has multiple resort areas along the shoreline. Laurent's Sun Village Resort, a privately operated recreational area is located on the northern end of Blue Lake. This resort has public access recreational facilities. Coulee Lodge Resort is located on the western bank, west of Laurent's Sun

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SUN LAKES, BLUE LAKE GRANT COUNTY Village Resort. Blue Lake Resort is located on the southern edge of the Blue Lake. All these resorts provides similar public access and recreational facilities such as boat launch and moorage, cabins and RV sites, campgrounds, and fishing areas. One mobile home park is located on the southeast bank of the lake. This area provides community access to facilities such as a boat launch, swim areas and dock. On the west bank, SR 17/Coulee Corridor runs along the edge of the shoreline providing visual access to the shoreline. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below:

• Grant County – 0.3 acres • USFWS Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area – 65 acres • WDFW – 0.5 acres • WDNR – 20 acres • WSDOT – 2 acres Public access facilities in this management area include:

• Boat Ramp – improved – 3 • Boat Ramp – unimproved – 2 • Campground improved – 2 • Campground unimproved – 1 • Dock – 115 Identified Public Access Improvements: No additional public access improvement is expected for this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: The area appears to provide adequate public access opportunities on public land. Private lands in this reach are mostly developed. Undeveloped private properties may have opportunities for public access via easements and road ends as the area develops.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through outlet structure and shoreline stabilization associated with residential development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and residential development

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SUN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Alkali Lake, 299 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 789 acres Deep Lake, 101 acres Dry Falls Lake, 88 acres Lenore Lake, 1,406 acres Little Soap Lake, 80 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Alkali Lake (foreground) and Lenore Lake (background). Highway 17 is located through the middle of the photograph. Description: Sun Lakes southwest of Blue Lake and north of Soap Lake. Includes portions of the Sun Lakes Wildlife Area and Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 10a, 10b, 10c: Not applicable. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: There is a mixture of public (USFWS, State Parks) and private ownership.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Primarily open space (wildlife area and undeveloped private parcels. Minor amount of roads, access points, and recreational facilities within the shoreline buffer.

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SUN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Master planned resort, 172 acres; open space, 40 acres; open space (rural), 327 acres; rangeland, 197 acres; rural remote, 52 acres; shoreline development, 1.4 acres Current SMP environment designation: Grant County – Little Sun Lake and the south end of Lake Lenore are rural shoreline; all other areas are conservancy shoreline.

Major Infrastructure: Campground, public water access, state park, near State Highway 17

Geomorphic Character: Natural lakes within Grand Coulee affected by CBP operations; Alkali, Deep, and Lenore Lakes have an inlet channel with an outlet that controls the water surface at the southern end (Lenore Lake is pumped south to Soap Lake). Little Soap Lake does not contain an inlet or outlet channel. Dry Falls Lake contains an intermittent inlet channel and outlets to the south. The water levels of all the lakes fluctuate seasonally. Hardened banks: Outlet structures at described above. Some armored banks are present on the east shore of Lenore Lake and the southwest shore of Alkali Lake. The total estimated distance of hardened bank is approximately 1,300 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: The lakes are within the FEMA mapped floodplain; however, the pool elevation and water input is controlled for a majority of these lakes. Adjacent soils are designated as severe to moderate erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility in bedrock and outburst flood deposits (majority of shorelines), and as moderate to high liquefaction potential and low erosion potential in alluvial deposits (local areas of shorelands).

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: With the exception of Dry Falls and Little Soap Lakes, the Sun Lakes are connected to upstream and downstream lakes by surface streams or irrigation infrastructure. Water supply additionally comes from groundwater, precipitation, and runoff from rain and snowmelt. Lake levels are primarily controlled at their outlets.

Water Quality: Though there are no 303d or 305b listings for these lakes nor any point sources, heavy recreational use, residential use, and nearby livestock farms can be sources of potential water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zones are sparsely vegetated with shrubs and grasses. Upland habitat is mostly natural shrub-steppe cliffs. Rare vegetation species on the shores of Alkali Lake include; dwarf evening-primrose, narrow-stem crypantha, and Suksdorf’s money-flower. Rare vegetation on the shores of lake Lenore includes saltgrass, greasewood bluebunch wheatgrass, and Wyoming Big Sagebrush. The lakes contain migratory rainbow and westslope cutthroat trout. Wetlands are mostly freshwater emergent, although some forested shrub wetlands are also present. Golden eagle, Peregrine falcon and other

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SUN LAKES GRANT COUNTY species use the cliff above the lakes for nesting and breeding. Mule deer, greater sage grouse, striped whipsnake, prairie falcon, spotted bat, night snake, white-tailed jackrabbit, chukar, and Yuma myotis are present. Numerous species of migratory waterfowl use the Sun Lakes for resting and feeding. Documented migratory birds include tundra swan and red-necked grebe.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Highway crossing between Alkali and Lenore Lake and continuing at western edge of Lenore approximately 13,000 feet, a few paved and dirt roads to water access areas, small development area at south end of Lenore Lake (outside of jurisdiction boundary) Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use, road widening Potential Restoration Opportunities: If water access areas are redeveloped, consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect existing functions and habitats. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider rural conservancy (near development and along highway) and natural.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 57% of this management area is publicly owned by USFWS (Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area), Washington State Parks (Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park) and WDNR. There are also recreational uses under private ownership. Dry Falls Lake is part of the Washington State's Sun Lake - Dry falls area. This lake shoreline is mostly unimproved and has public access through local roads. Shorelines along Alkali, Lenore, Little Soap and all other lakes in this management area are mostly unimproved. SR-17 parallels this management area providing visual access to the shoreline. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below: • USFWS Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area – 239 acres • Washington State Parks (Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park) – 203 acres • WDNR – 16.85 acres Specific public access facilities in this management area include:

• Boat Ramp – improved – 1 • Boat Ramp – unimproved – 6 • Campground unimproved – 1 • Dock – 1 • Water access – 3

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SUN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: No additional public access improvement is expected for this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: The area appears to provide adequate public access opportunities where feasible. Most of the west banks area contains steep slope that would limit additional public access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through outlet structure and shoreline stabilization associated with public access • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and residential development

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SUN LAKES, PARK LAKE GRANT COUNTY Park Lake, 338 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 166 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Park Lake is within Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park and Sun Lakes Wildlife Area, southwest of Dry Falls Dam. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 11: SR A: Occurs along eastern side of lake; subreach length is approximately 12,200 feet SR B: Occurs along western side of lake; subreach length is approximately 18,000 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Majority public; Washington State Parks and USFWS. Some private ownership at the southwest end of the lake.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space (wildlife and public recreational areas), recreational development (Sun Lakes Resort at the northeast end of the lake includes cabins, access areas, and other facilities.

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SUN LAKES, PARK LAKE GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Master planned resort, 86 acres; rural remote, 63 acres; rural residential 1, 18 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Campground, public water access, near State Highway 17

Geomorphic Character: Natural lake within Grand Coulee and Sun Lakes chain affected by CBP operations; the downstream water surface elevation is controlled by an outlet structure at the southwest shore. Hardened banks: Outlet structure, dock/marina/boat ramp infrastructure on north shore, section of riprap on south central shore. Total estimated distance of hardened bank is approximately 1,100 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Park Lake is within the FEMA mapped floodplain; however, the pool elevation and water input is controlled. Adjacent soils are designated as severe to moderate erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility, except for local alluvial deposits including at the north and south shores which have moderate to high liquefaction potential and low erosion potential.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: The lake is connected to upstream and downstream lakes by surface streams, and water supply comes from groundwater, precipitation, and runoff from rain and snowmelt. Lake level is controlled at the outlets.

Water Quality: Though there are no 303d or 305b listings for the lake or any point sources, heavy recreational use, residential use, and nearby livestock farms can be sources of potential water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zones are sparsely vegetated with shrubs and grasses. Rare plants are located along the shores of Park Lake, and the surrounding bluffs and talus support a range of species. Upland habitat is mostly natural shrub-steppe cliffs and ridges with agriculture on surrounding hillsides. Wetlands comprise about 130 acres along the shores, mostly freshwater emergent dominated by bulrushes and cattails, although some forested shrub wetlands are also present. Salt-tolerant wetland species are also found in the area. Aquatic species found within this lake include Muskwort a plant-like algae, Richardson’s pondweed, sago pondweed (DOE 1999). The lakes contain migratory rainbow and westslope cutthroat trout. Golden eagle, Peregrine falcon, and other species use the cliff above the lakes for nesting and breeding. Numerous species of migratory waterfowl use the Sun Lakes for resting and feeding. Chukar and night snake are present.

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SUN LAKES, PARK LAKE GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Resort development, recreation development and use Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development, increased resort footprint Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual; preserve intact wetland and riparian buffers. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Highway and associated armoring along most of shoreline Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use, road-widening impacts Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate opportunities for riparian planting at southern end of subreach and where bump-outs from highway occur. Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) if possible. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider rural conservancy (undeveloped portions of SR B), high intensity (remainder of SR B), and shoreline residential (SR A).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 86% of the Sun Lakes–Park Lake management area is under public ownership by USFWS (Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area), Washington State Parks (Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park), and WDNR, and under recreational uses. The Sun Lakes State Park borders the northern part of the lake. The Sun Lake Resort operates in this area and provides multiple water access opportunities such as campground, boat ramp, fishing area, and golf course. Park areas outside the resort also provide public access opportunities such as trails, parking, and picnic areas. Park Lake Road NE runs along the east bank of the lake up to the Sun Lake Resort area providing public access along the shoreline. On the west bank, SR 17/Coulee Corridor runs along the edge of the shoreline providing visual access to the shoreline. Except for SR 17, public access on the west bank is limited due to steep slopes. Laurent's Sun Village Resort, a privately operated recreational area is located on the southeast bank, between Park Lake and Blue Lake. This resort mostly falls under the Sun Lakes–Blue Lake management area and is discussed under that section. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below:

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SUN LAKES, PARK LAKE GRANT COUNTY • USFWS – Sun Lakes Wildlife Refuge Area – 27 acres • Sun Lakes-Dry Falls State Park – 109 acres • WDNR land – 4 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat Ramp – improved – 1 • Boat Ramp – unimproved – 1 • Campground improved – 1 • Dock – 4 • Water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: No additional public access improvement is expected for this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: The area appears to provide adequate public access and recreational opportunities.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from nearby recreational development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through outlet structure and shoreline stabilization associated with residential development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and resort development

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SOAP LAKE GRANT COUNTY Soap Lake, 844 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 66 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx The North end of Soap Lake. Description: Soap Lake is the southernmost of the Sun Lakes, at the mouth of the Grand Coulee. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 12: Not applicable

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The majority of the reach is privately owned; a majority of the shoreline in the county jurisdiction is owned by a private land developer.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Undeveloped open space and residential development.

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SOAP LAKE GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Recreational development, 14 acres; rural residential 1, 52 acres Current SMP environment designation: Suburban (portion of the east shoreline), rural City of Soap Lake: Urban

Major Infrastructure: Near CBP canals, public water system, Highway 17 along east shore. Geomorphic Character: Natural lake within the Grand Coulee and Sun Lakes chain. The east and west banks are steep bedrock outcrops. The lake does not have an outlet or inlet and contains a naturally high concentration of minerals. Hardened banks: Local water storage/irrigation infrastructure. Bank hardening along portions of the north shore and just northeast of the City of Soap Lake within the unincorporated limits. There is likely hardening along the east shore where the road runs near the water. Total estimated distance of hardened banks is approximately 4,000 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Soap Lake is within the FEMA mapped floodplain; however, the pool elevation and water input is controlled. Adjacent soils are designated as severe to moderate erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility, except for the alluvial deposits along the north and south shores which have moderate to high liquefaction potential and low erosion potential. Steep slope hazards are present along the east and west shores of the lake where bedrock outcrops and rock talus may be susceptible to mass wasting.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: This lake has no outflow channel. Inflow is from groundwater, precipitation, and surface runoff from rain and snowmelt events. Sediment sources to the lake include soil erosion from small drainages to the lake, lake shoreline erosion due to wind and wake driven currents that may be exacerbated by lack of emergent wetland and riparian habitat.

Water Quality: Soap Lake is listed as a 305b water of concern for chloride. It has heavy recreational use and is mineral-rich. Water quality may be affected by runoff due to transportation and livestock activity. Soap Lake has naturally high concentrations of sodium carbonate and sulfate. Conditions within the lake are stratified between a lower layer, which is hyper-saline, cold, anaerobic and contains the highest concentration of sulfide recorded in natural water, and the top layer, which is aerobic and brackish (Sorokin et al. 2007). Groundwater seepage from Columbia Basin Project facilities and irrigation, and associated pumping of lake to maintain surface elevation, has diluted the mineral content of the lake (sodium, bicarbonate, sulfate, carbonate, chloride, potassium, and other minerals). Estimates indicate that the mineral content of the lake has been reduced by approximately 50% from the early 1950s to the 1990s. Additional direct pumping from the lake in the late 1990s further reduced mineral content (Coulee Corridor News Summer/Fall 2002).

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SOAP LAKE GRANT COUNTY Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Soap Lake is open-water habitat, with some forested and emergent wetlands outside shoreline jurisdiction on the northwest end. The riparian zone has little to no vegetation due to mineral content, dry climate and steep slopes. Where it occurs, vegetation is low-growing grasses and shrubs. The shore is armored on the east side to maintain road integrity. Adjacent uplands are shrub-steppe zones Waterfowl and shorebirds concentrate near the lake, and rare birds occur near the cliffs on the east shore. There are no rare plants identified nearby.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Highway along eastern shore, resort development on northeast shoreline Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use, zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect unique, fragile, non-renewable, and scenic resources; protect mineral content of lake. Protect existing limited wetland and riparian vegetation areas, manage shrub steppe consistent with WDFW Management Recommendations for shrub steppe priority habitat. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and recreation access. Consider recreation-related, conservancy, and natural designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: This management area doesn't have any publicly owned land. SR-17/ Coulee Corridor parallels the east bank of the lake providing visual access and access to a few viewpoint locations. One RV resort is located on the north bank that provides beach access. The remaining shoreline area is primarily unimproved. The west bank has limited public access due to steep slopes. This management area has only one private dock.

Identified Public Access Improvements: No public access improvements have been identified for this management area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities Opportunity may exist to add public access along the west bank as the area develops.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff

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SOAP LAKE GRANT COUNTY • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through irrigation infrastructure and shoreline stabilization associated with road

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RESERVOIRS ALONG MAIN CANAL GRANT COUNTY Trail Lake, 129 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: X acres Billy Clapp Lake, 974 acres Brook Lake, 412 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Left: North End of Billy Clapp Lake, Main Canal, Trail Lake in top left corner. Right: West shore of Brook Lake. Description: Trail Lake is a reservoir along the main canal, south of Coulee City. The canal enters Billy Clapp Lake at Summer Falls, which is the reservoir pool for the Pinto Dam. A spillway from the Pinto Dam feeds Brook Lake at the south end of Billy Clapp Lake. Upper Crab Creek enters Brook Lake at its east end. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 13: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Trail and Billy Clapp Lake are publicly-owned (federal and State), except a small portion of private ownership at the southwest side of Billy Clapp Lake. The northern arm of Brook Lake is owned by the State and the southern portion is private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Public lands are open space and undeveloped except for irrigation infrastructure. Billy Clapp Lake private development along the south end of the lake includes homes and docks along the shoreline. Private lands around Brook Lake are primarily agriculture and wetland areas.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 54 acres; open space, 375 acres; rangeland, 118 acres; rural residential 2, 17 acres Current SMP environment designation: Brook Lake: Rural Billy Clapp Lake: Conservancy Reservoir in T24-R28-S27: None

Major Infrastructure: State park, wildlife area, public water access, transmission line crossings, Main Canal, and associated infrastructure

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RESERVOIRS ALONG MAIN CANAL GRANT COUNTY Geomorphic Character: The lakes are located within natural depressions of existing coulees. The water surface elevation in the lakes is controlled by an outlet structure. The lake levels fluctuate seasonally according to water storage operations. Hardened banks: Irrigation/water control infrastructure, including Pinto Dam at the south end of Billy Clapp Lake. Total estimated distance of hardened banks, including the dam, is approximately 3,200 feet.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: The lakes are within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the pool elevation and water input of each lake is controlled. Adjacent soils are primarily designated as having moderate to severe erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility with some locally severe erosion areas. Steep slopes (>40%) are located in several locations where bedrock outcrops are located along the lake edges which are susceptible to rock falls.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantities in these lakes are controlled by Columbia Basin Project operations. Surface water from surrounding hillsides also runs off into the lakes. These lakes are used for water sources for nearby agriculture, and canals occur adjacent to these lakes or irrigation flow. The natural coulee was dammed on the south end to create Pinto Dam for this purpose. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: Limiting watershed processes include water quantity and quality due to irrigation use and nearby agricultural and urban development. There is 305b water impaired by a non-pollutant (invasive exotic species).

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian or shoreline vegetation is not generally present due to bank grade. The grade is also too steep for wetlands. Adjacent uplands are exclusively shrub-steppe, with agriculture occurring east and west approximately 1 to 2 miles away. Upland vegetation is limited by rocky soils and ranges from cheatgrass or bunchgrass in flat areas to shrubs on slopes. No rare plants are identified nearby. Fish species known to inhabit these lakes include rainbow trout and kokanee. Waterfowl concentrations are common in Billy Clapp and Brook Lakes, and mule deer and ring-necked pheasant occur in the adjacent shrub steppe uplands. Sage thrasher, prairie falcon, and peregrine falcon are present. Wetland coverage is approximately 100 acres for these three lakes, primarily freshwater emergent, with some forested shrub areas on the west end of Brook Lake. ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Isolated recreation development, canals, and development associated with water controls Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: If water access areas are redeveloped consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation).

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RESERVOIRS ALONG MAIN CANAL GRANT COUNTY Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect and enhance emergent wetland on Brook Lake

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy, natural designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 72% of this management area is publicly owned, primarily as part of Billy Clapp Lake - Stratford Wildlife Area owned by USBR. This shoreline area is also part of the Billy Clapp Lake Wildlife Unit under the Columbia basin Wildlife Area management Plan. Summer Falls State Park is located on the north end of Billy Clapp Lake. This park has fishing and picnic areas and offers viewing of summer falls (ncwportal 2008). Most of the shoreline along Billy Clapp Lake is steep and rocky, limiting public access. USBR maintains a public parking area and boat launch on the south end of the lake (Fitzgerald 2006). Brook Lake area shoreline is mostly owned by private entities and has access to shorelines through local roads. Trail lake shoreline is accessed by local roads and is mostly owned by USBR. Public ownership of open space areas within shoreline includes: • USBR – Billy Clapp Lake Stratford Wildlife Area – 348 acres • WDNR land – 58 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 1 • Private dock – 12 • Water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: No specific improvements are identified in this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunity exists for road ends and joint access easements for shoreline access as these areas develop. However, physical conditions at some of the sites may limit the potential for expanding access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations including Pinto Dam. Reach level: • Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion, invasive species impacts • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through outlet structure and shoreline stabilization associated with residential development

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SMALL LAKES SOUTH OF WILSON CREEK GRANT COUNTY Sand Coulee Syphon, 20 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 152 acres Round Lake, 60 acres Un-named Lake in T22-0N R29-0E S23, 29 acres

From left to right: Sand Coulee Siphon, Round Lake, Un-named Lake Description: The Sand Coulee syphon is a waterbody associated with the East Low Canal northeast of the Larson Air Force Base. Round Lake is a reservoir and natural depression southwest of Brook Lake. The Un- named Lake is a natural seep lake located in the Alkali Flat area directly south of the town of Wilson Creek. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 14: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Primarily private ownership; small portions of public parcels intersect with the shoreline buffer at all three lakes.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Surrounding shorelands are primarily undeveloped rangeland with a small amount of irrigation-related infrastructure on Round and Sand Coulee Lakes. Narrow wetlands present around the edges of the lakes.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rangeland, 152 acres Current SMP environment designation: Round Lake: Rural Others: None

Major Infrastructure: East Low Canal

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SMALL LAKES SOUTH OF WILSON CREEK GRANT COUNTY Geomorphic Character: These lakes are naturally low-lying lakes that capture surrounding surface water. Sand Coulee Siphon and Round Lake are used as reservoirs with a controlled water surface elevation. The water surface elevation of the lakes fluctuates seasonally. Hardened banks: Irrigation infrastructure on Round Lake and Sand Coulee Siphon.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Both lakes are mapped within FEMA flood areas. Soils adjacent to the lakes shallowly overly bedrock and therefore have moderate to severe erosion potential and low liquefaction potential. Minor areas around Sand Coulee Siphon and Un-named Lake have moderate to high liquefaction potential/low erosion potential. Steep slope hazards are present within the shorelands of all three lakes, primarily at the Un-named Lake and Round Lake.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity in these lakes may be affected by groundwater, Columbia Basin Project seepage, and runoff from rain and snowmelt events.

Water Quality: There are no 303d or 305b listings for these lakes; however, runoff from nearby farming activities may be transported to lakes during severe rain events.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian vegetation is mostly absent due to the dry climate and steep slopes. Uplands adjacent to these lakes are shrub steppe habitat, with agricultural uses approximately 1/2 to 3 miles away. Vegetation is dominated by dry-adapted shrubs. Approximately 6 acres of freshwater emergent wetland are present in the lakes in the Sand Coulee Syphon area. Mule deer, prairie falcon, and ferruginous hawk are present. Walleye, Bass and Trout species are found in Round Lake. The rest of the habitat in this vicinity is predominantly open-water lake. Waterfowl are known to concentrate in these lake areas.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Livestock grazing Potential Restoration Opportunities: None Potential Protection Opportunities: Monitor shorelines periodically and evaluate measures needed if grazing impacts appear Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy and natural designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Shoreline in this management area is mostly under private ownership, and only 19.6% is owned by USBR and WDNR. No formalized access exists in this management area, although both Sand

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SMALL LAKES SOUTH OF WILSON CREEK GRANT COUNTY Coulee Syphon and Round Lake has local access roads.

Identified Public Access Improvements: No specific improvements are identified in this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunity exists to formalize public access. However, physical conditions at some of the sites may limit the potential for expanding access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level: • Impervious surfaces from irrigation infrastructure leading to habitat loss and potential run-off • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through irrigation infrastructure • Channelization at Sand Coulee siphon

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EPHRATA LAKE AND ROCKY FORD LAKE GRANT COUNTY Ephrata Lake, 157 acres Rocky Ford Lake (South), 20 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 169 acres

Description: Ephrata Lake (Rocky Ford Lake – North) and Rocky Ford Lake, South are located south of Soap Lake and east of Ephrata. The lower lake is adjacent to the State Fish Hatchery. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 15: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Combination of federal, state (WDFW/WADNR), and private. The southern lake is federally owned and portions are leased to a private fishing lodge.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Open space; undeveloped

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rural remote, 13 acres; rural residential 1, 156 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural except on the southernmost shoreline, which is conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Wildlife area, transmission lines, public water access

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EPHRATA LAKE AND ROCKY FORD LAKE GRANT COUNTY Geomorphic Character: Natural lakes sourced by spring water and connected by dry channel that appears to become inundated during floods. The southern lake is perched in a bedrock depression. Hardened banks: Bulkhead at hatchery, approximately 460 feet long.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Within the mapped FEMA floodplain, including the connecting channel. The adjacent soils are thin and mantle bedrock and are such classified as having severe erosion potential and low liquefaction susceptibility. Steep slope hazards are present along the border of the southern lake.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity may be affected by groundwater, Columbia Basin Project seepage, and runoff from rain and snowmelt events.

Water Quality: Though there are no 303d or 305b listings for these lakes, the drainage area is small and contains undeveloped area and rangeland, which may contribute fine sediment through surface runoff during rain events.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian vegetation is mostly absent due to the dry climate, but some shrubs and sparse trees occur along the shores. Nearby adjacent upland habitat is rocky shrub-steppe. Habitat along this lakeshore and associated areas is situated in the context of an agricultural landscape, but is otherwise undisturbed at present. No rare plants are identified here. Wetlands associated with this lake include freshwater emergent and forested/shrub, covering about 10 acres near the lake. Other habitats include open water, grassland, and shrub steppe scattered with boulders. Waterfowl concentrate here, as well as rare birds and mink.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Armoring at hatchery, livestock use, dirt roads leading to hatchery Potential Stressors: Zoned rural residential 1, allowing one dwelling unit per 5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: None Potential Protection Opportunities: Monitor shorelines periodically and evaluate measures needed if grazing impacts appear Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy and shoreline residential (north Ephrata Lake).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Shoreline in this management area is a mix of public and privately owned land. About 60% of the shoreline is publicly owned. SR-17 abuts the northern end of North Rocky Ford Lake. View of the shoreline is available from this road. The rest of the shoreline is unimproved and has limited water access.

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EPHRATA LAKE AND ROCKY FORD LAKE GRANT COUNTY Public ownership of open space areas within the shoreline area includes:

• WDFW – Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area Rocky Ford Creek – 33 acres • WDNR land – 68 acres Identified Public Access Improvements: No specific improvements are identified in this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunity exists to provide road ends and joint public access easements for shoreline access as these areas develop. Also there is opportunity to formalize public accesses on publicly owned land.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Reach level: • Shoreline hardening/stabilization near hatchery

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MOSES LAKE REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY Moses Lake, 6,682 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 391 acres

Source:https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Examples of Moses Lake Reach 1 county shorelines. Description: Moses Lake is within the central part of Grant County; this characterization is for county shorelines outside of the City of Moses Lake. Reach 1 consists of the top half of the northwestern arm of the lake. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 16: SR A: Begins at the top half of the northwestern arm of the lake extending approximately 18,100 feet to the west SR B: Extends approximately 19,400 feet to the north SR C: Extends around the northern extent of Moses Lake approximately 42,000 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Reach 1 is primarily private with both large private landowners and small private parcels. Two areas are state-owned: Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area (WDFW) on the north end at Rocky Ford Creek, and a parcel further south owned by Washington State Department of Natural Resources.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Low- to high-intensity development including many private docks.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Rural remote, 39 acres; rural residential 1, 206 acres; shoreline development, 146 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural (northern portion), suburban (southern portion), conservancy (southwest corner)

Major Infrastructure: Near State Highway 17, public water access and public park.

Geomorphic Character: Large lake located within the Quincy Basin. The outlet is controlled at Potholes Reservoir and two bridges that influence flow. Rocky Coulee outlets to Reach 1 of the primary horn of Moses Lake within outburst flood deposits. Much of the west and south banks of Reach 1 have relatively steep slopes. Hardened banks: Private docks and bank armoring on the east/northeast shore.

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MOSES LAKE REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Moses Lake is within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the water surface elevation is controlled by the dam. Outburst flood soils are classified as moderate to severe erosion hazard, with generally low and very low liquefaction susceptibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations. Moses Lake receives water from Rocky Ford Creek (10% contribution), and Crab Creek with the associated Rocky Coulee wasteway (90% contribution). The Crab Creek/Rocky Coulee contribution is expected to increase due to increased annual flows planned with the CBP supplemental feed route expansion. Crab Creek flow from Brook Lake to the mouth will be increased in the near future to be utilized as a supplemental feed route to convey water from Banks Lake to Potholes Reservoir for Columbia Basin Project irrigation use. The lake is controlled by an outlet at Potholes Reservoir to the south. Sediment sources to the lake include soil erosion from Crab Creek, Rocky Ford Creek and smaller drainages to the lake, lake shoreline erosion due to wind and wake driven currents exacerbated by lack of emergent wetland and riparian habitat, as discussed within the Habitat Characteristics section below. Rain on snow episodic events could contribute up to an estimated 4,500 tons of sediment from Rocky Coulee to Crab Creek and Moses Lake (Grette Associates, 2009). The supplemental feed route expansion will increase the overall flow into Moses Lake affecting sediment transport and deposition to the lake.

Water Quality: Moses Lake has 303d listings for total phosphorus, PCB, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD and is a 305b water of concern for Dieldrin. It is also listed as a 305b water impaired by Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllumspicatum). This lake's water quality is likely impacted by heavy recreation use, chemicals from irrigation return flows, and surface stormwater runoff in impervious areas.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Common species for this reach include Willow species (Salix sp.), common reed species (Phragmites sp.), cattail species (Typha sp.), salt bush species (Atriplex sp.), bulrush species (Scirpus sp.), bunchgrass species, Giant Rye (Leymus condensatus) and sagebrush species (Artemisia sp.). Invasive vegetation along these shoreline reaches include Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila), Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), curly leaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus), purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), and Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum). Riparian vegetation is present, but naturally limited by slope and/or modified from its natural condition due to exotic species introduction or effects from irrigated landscaping. Native species dominate in Subreaches B and C, exotic (Russian-olive) or ornamental landscape species are more prevalent in Subreach A. The lake supports high concentrations of ducks and geese, with up to 50,000 ducks and 10,000 geese present in-water at various times (WDFW 2012a). Moses Lake supports lake fish species such as large-and smallmouth bass, rainbow trout, and walleye. The lake has waterfowl concentrations associated in various areas, as well as rare birds such as tundra swan, grebes, bald eagle, and long-billed curlew. Rare amphibians are present in nearby wetlands. No rare plants are identified here. Patches of emergent wetlands are present on the north tip of the lake, but most of the habitat is open water here.

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MOSES LAKE REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Recreation use and development including docks and boat ramps, dirt and paved roads nearby, residential development along portions of the subreach with armoring, docks, and turfgrass to the shoreline Potential Stressors: Further recreation and development, parcels have been platted for development and road construction has already occurred Potential Restoration Opportunities: Improve riparian conditions on undeveloped parcels Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices and reduce impacts of armoring during redevelopment or through landowner incentive and education programs. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: A few residential parcels developed at top of slope, nearby dirt and paved roads, off road vehicle use and water-based recreation Potential Stressors: Further recreation and development, parcels have been platted for development and road construction has already occurred Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect steep slope areas from runoff and sedimentation. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Dirt roads above slope, livestock grazing on western shore, recreation use Potential Stressors: Rural residential zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate livestock water access. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider shoreline residential (SR A and B) and natural (SR C) designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Moses Lake – Reach 1 has about 36% of shoreline under recreational use and public ownership. It also includes few joint use recreational areas. The northern bank has some low density residential developments with private docks. Connelly Park, located on the north-east edge of this

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MOSES LAKE REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY management area provides public access facilities such as boat launch, parking and play area. The southern bank is mostly privately owned and unimproved. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below: • WDFW – Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area Rocky Ford Creek – 62 acres • WDNR – 55 acres • Moses Lake Irrigation and Rehabilitation District – Connelly Park – 23 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 1 • Boat ramp – unimproved – 1 • Private docks – 54 • Public docks – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: Connelly Park's completed improvements include a new entrance and a new access road. From public input and survey in 2010, preferred uses for Connelly Park have been identified below. However, future improvements for Connelly Park are subject to available funding. Desired improvements include: • Airmen’s memorial • Picnic, boating, and fishing facilities • Water sports • Swimming, camping, and trails • Camp store, tent/RV, and vendor sites • Event parking • Wheelchair dock access • Public safety • Grassy area viewing No additional public access improvements have been identified for this management area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: The residential area on the north bank has mostly private docks. The unimproved and sparsely improved areas on both north and south banks of the lake have opportunity to add community docks, road ends, and shared access easements for shoreline public access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level: • Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion, invasive aquatic species • Water quality impacts associate with residential runoff, irrigation return flows, and recreation uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through private docks and bank protection associated with residential development

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MOSES LAKE REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and residential development, and non-native predation (domestic pets and small mouth bass)

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Moses Lake –6,682 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction Lands: 281 acres

Source:https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Examples of Moses Lake Reach 2 county shorelines. Description: Moses Lake is within the central part of Grant County; this characterization is for county shorelines outside of the City of Moses Lake. Reach 2 consists of the western shoreline of Moses Lake. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 17: SR A: Begins at west end of Reach 2 and extends approximately 5,500 feet to the east SR B: Extends approximately 5,500 feet to the east SR C: Occurs where the lake curves around to the south, complexity to the bank allowing for nearly 13,000 feet of shoreline SR D: Extends south approximately 2,700 feet SR E: Extends south approximately 2,300 feet SR F: Extends south approximately 9,500 feet SR G: Extends south approximately 8,400 feet SR H: Extends around the southern end of the lake approximately 17,300 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Reach 2 is primarily private, and includes both large (multiple acres) and small (less than one acre) private parcels adjacent to the waterfront. An area of federal land (USBR Potholes Wildlife Area) exists along the shoreline adjacent to Potholes Reservoir.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Low to high-intensity development including many private docks.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation:

• Open space, 51 acres; residential low density, 151 acres; residential medium density, 20 acres; rural residential 1, 33 acres; rural residential 2, 25 acres Current SMP environment designation: Shoreline residential

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Major Infrastructure: I-90, public water system, public water access Geomorphic Character: Large lake located within the Quincy Basin. The outlet is controlled at Potholes Reservoir and two bridges that influence flow. Reach 2 is located along the west shore, and primarily consists of outburst flood gravels with active sand dunes at the southern end between Moses Lake and Potholes Reservoir (Subreach G). Hardened banks: Private docks and bank armoring

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Moses Lake is within the mapped FEMA floodplain, however the water surface elevation is controlled by the dam. Outburst flood soils are classified as moderate to severe erosion hazard, with generally low and very low liquefaction susceptibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations. Moses Lake receives water from Rocky Ford Creek (10% contribution), and Crab Creek with the associated Rocky Coulee wasteway (90% contribution). The Crab Creek/Rocky Coulee contribution is expected to increase due to increased annual flows planned with the CBP supplemental feed route expansion. Crab Creek flow from Brook Lake to the mouth will be increased in the near future to be utilized as a supplemental feed route to convey water from Banks Lake to Potholes Reservoir for Columbia Basin Project irrigation use. The lake is controlled by an outlet at Potholes Reservoir to the south. Sediment sources to the lake include soil erosion from Crab Creek, Rocky Ford Creek and smaller drainages to the lake, lake shoreline erosion due to wind and wake driven currents exacerbated by lack of emergent wetland and riparian habitat, as discussed within the Habitat Characteristics section below. Rain on snow episodic events could contribute up to an estimated 4,500 tons of sediment from Rocky Coulee to Crab Creek and Moses Lake (Grette Associates 2009). The supplemental feed route expansion will increase the overall flow into Moses Lake affecting sediment transport and deposition to the lake. Water Quality: Moses Lake has 303d listings for total phosphorus, PCB, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD and is a 305b water of concern for Dieldrin. It is also listed as a 305b water, impaired by Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum). In addition to sedimentation, this lake's water quality is likely impacted by heavy recreation use, chemicals from irrigation return flows, and surface stormwater runoff in impervious areas. 303d listing for total phosphorus, PCB, 2,3,7,8-TCDD; 305b waters of concern for Dieldrin; 305b waters impaired by a non-pollutant for invasive exotic species.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence by Subreach (SR): Common species for this reach include Willow species (Salix sp.), common reed species (Phragmites sp.), cattail species (Typha sp.), salt bush species (Atriplex sp.), bulrush species (Scirpus sp.), bunchgrass species, Giant Rye (Leymus condensatus) and sagebrush species (Artemisia sp.). Invasive vegetation along these shoreline reaches include Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila), Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), curly leaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus), purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), and Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum). Riparian vegetation is present, but naturally limited by slope and/or modified from its natural condition due to exotic species introduction or effects from irrigated landscaping. Native riparian trees are

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY naturally present in SR A and F, exotic tree species dominate SR C, D and H, and a mix of native and non- native trees are present through irrigated landscaping associated with development in SR B, E, and G. Upland habitat is shrub steppe, with agriculture and development adjoining the middle and south portions of the lake. Docks, parking lots, and homes dominate the south lake shore, and are either on shore or directly adjacent to shore (Fry et al. 2011). Patches of emergent wetlands are present on the north tip of the lake, but most of the habitat is open-water here. Habitat is affected by urban development and its close proximity to the water. Natural shorelines do not exist in the south portion of the lake, and lakeshore riparian functions related to water quality are likely limited due to urban runoff, pesticides, and fertilizers. Riparian shading and opportunity for vegetation growth and upland connection is low because development extends all the way to the lake. Moses Lake supports lake fish species such as large-and smallmouth bass, rainbow trout, and walleye. The lake has waterfowl concentrations associated in various areas, as well as rare birds such as tundra swan, grebes, bald eagle, and long-billed curlew. Rare amphibians are present in nearby wetlands. No rare plants are identified here (WDFW 2011). The sand-dunes shrub-steppe habitat in this reach is used by a community of wildlife including mule deer, long-billed curlew, loggerhead shrikes, burrowing owl, wintering raptors, and three to four reptile species (WDFW 2012a).

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Substantial grazing and livestock trails within and outside shoreline jurisdiction boundary, which could be a source of soil erosion and compaction; irrigated agriculture far outside SMPJ could be a water quality impairment source Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one to four dwelling units per acre (du/acre) for residential low density. Also, recreational related development and recreation usage stressors will continue and may increase. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate livestock water access; Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual

SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Residential development within and outside jurisdiction boundary, which could be a water quality impairment source Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one du/2.5 acres for rural residential 2 (SR 2). Also, recreational related development and recreation usage expected to continue and may increase. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material,

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect steep slopes areas from runoff and sedimentation. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function : Partially functioning Stressors: Limited off road vehicle use in upland areas, vehicle traffic in wetlands and road fill (potentially from failed roads) in lake, and agriculture field with limited buffer in close proximity to the water. Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one to four du/acre for residential low density. Also, recreational related development and recreation usage stressors will continue and may increase.

Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit off road vehicle access outside of the riparian buffer. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Aquatic fill, potential sources of soil erosion and compactions including livestock trails and off road vehicles, irrigated agriculture fields outside jurisdiction boundary, which could be a water quality impairment source. Riparian buffers are of limited width and comprised mostly of invasive tree species (Russian-olive). Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one du/5 acres for rural residential 1. Also recreational-related development and recreation usage expected to continue and may increase.

Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species. Consider landowner incentive programs to increase riparian or grass filter strip buffers between agricultural land use and the shoreline. Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit livestock and off road vehicle access outside of the riparian buffer. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

SUBREACH E Level of Existing Function : Impaired Stressors: Residential development within and outside jurisdiction boundary with lawns extending to shoreline. Limited to no riparian buffers, shoreline armoring, and multiple overwater structures affect water quality and habitat functions. Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one to four du/acre for residential low density and one du/5 acres for rural residential 1. Also, recreational related development and recreation usage stressors will continue and may increase. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Improve riparian conditions on undeveloped parcels.

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices and reduce impacts of armoring during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs.

SUBREACH F Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Agricultural fields, golf facilities, limited overwater structure ramps, limited development on Westside Drive in jurisdiction boundary but future development platting has been established indicating potential development pressure around Moses Lake Pointe and near Subreach G. Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one to four du/acre for residential low density. Also, recreation-related development and recreational usage stressors will continue and may increase. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation) with future development along with soft bank stabilization techniques.

Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Protect steep slopes areas from runoff and sedimentation.

SUBREACH G Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Zoned low density with average shoreline lot size about ½ acre, irrigated lawns extending out to the water, with just a few riparian patches in certain yards and on steep bluffs; substantial armoring and over water structures are also present Potential Stressors: Designated residential development at one to four du/acre for residential low density. Also, recreation-related development and recreational usage stressors will continue and may increase. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Increase aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation); consider bulkhead removal and/or soft bank stabilization techniques. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices and reduce impacts of armoring during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs.

SUBREACH H Level of Existing Function : Partially functioning Stressors: Limited off-road vehicle use in upland areas, recreation use, exotic species (Russian-olive) patches,

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY and road crossings and hydrology controls separating lake from Potholes Reservoir Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development

Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species

Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit off-road vehicle access outside of the riparian buffer. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider shoreline residential and urban conservancy for private lands (SR A-G) and natural for public lands (SR H) within this reach.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 44 acres of the Moses Lake - Reach 2 management area is owned by USBR as part of the Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area. This constitutes about 16% of the shoreline. The rest of the shoreline is privately owned for residential use. The northern part of the management area has developed and partially developed residential areas. Moses Pointe golf course resort is located in this area. Area south of this golf course is developed with single-family homes. Most of these homes have private docks. Public access is blocked in these areas by existing developments. The southern end of the management area, south of I-90 is largely unimproved and is part of the Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area. Specific facilities in this management area include: • Boat ramp – improved – 1 • Private docks – 80 • Public water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: No public access improvement has been identified for this area. Potential Public Access Opportunities: This area appears to lack adequate shoreline public access for recreational opportunities. Opportunity exists for public agencies to plan for public access and recreational opportunities in this area. However, some public access opportunities are available in the adjacent areas in Moses Lake – Reach 3 management area and within the City of Moses Lake (e.g., Blue Heron State Park). This would address some of the public access gaps within this management area. Also there is potential opportunity for public access through easements, for trails, viewpoints or other access opportunities.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: Evaluate additional measures to manage sedimentation impacts from Crab Creek drainage into Moses Lake and wind and wave action within the lake that can further exacerbate sedimentation problems. Reach level: • Impervious surfaces from nearby development and road crossing leading to habitat loss and potential

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MOSES LAKE REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY run-off • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion, invasive aquatic species • Water quality impacts associate with residential and transportation runoff, irrigation return flows and recreation uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through private docks and bank protection associated with residential development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and residential development, and non-native predation (domestic pets)

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MOSES LAKE REACH 3 GRANT COUNTY Moses Lake, 6,682 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 428 acres

Source:https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Examples of Moses Lake Reach 3 county shorelines: southeast and northeast respectively. Description: Moses Lake is within the central part of Grant County; this characterization is for county shorelines outside of the City of Moses Lake UGA. Reach 3 consists of the northeastern and southeastern shorelines. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 18: SR A: Begins at southern end of Moses Lake, extending approximately 5,000 feet northeast SR B: Extends approximately 7,400 feet northeast in a crenulated pattern SR C: Is broken up into three pieces due to the incorporated city; total subreach length is approximately 50,000 feet SR D: Extends northwest approximately 6,500 feet PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Reach 3 is primarily private with several large private landowners and small private parcels. County (Sherriff’s department) ownership occurs at the southeast end.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Low to high-intensity development including many private docks.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Commercial (urban), 5 acres; industrial (urban), 0.3 acres; irrigated, 55 acres; open space, 59 acres; public facility (urban), 2 acres; residential high density, 25 acres; residential low density, 276 acres; rural residential 1, 0.25 acres; rural residential, 2 6 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Near State Highway 171, Interstate 90 crossing, railroad crossing, public water system, transmission line crossing, gravel mine.

Geomorphic Character: Large lake located within the Quincy Basin. The outlet is controlled at Potholes Reservoir and two bridges that influence flow. Reach 3 is located within outburst flood deposits with a small

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MOSES LAKE REACH 3 GRANT COUNTY section of active dunes on the south shore. Steep hillslopes make up the banks at the north end of Subreach 3. Hardened banks: Private docks and bank armoring.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Moses Lake is within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the water surface elevation is controlled by the dam. Outburst flood soils are classified as moderate to severe erosion hazard, with generally low and very low liquefaction susceptibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations. Moses Lake receives water from Rocky Ford Creek (10% contribution), and Crab Creek with the associated Rocky Coulee wasteway (90% contribution). The Crab Creek/Rocky Coulee contribution is expected to increase due to increased annual flows planned with the CBP supplemental feed route expansion. Crab Creek flow from Brook Lake to the mouth will be increased in the near future to be utilized as a supplemental feed route to convey water from Banks Lake to Potholes Reservoir for Columbia Basin Project irrigation use. The lake is controlled by an outlet at Potholes Reservoir to the south. Sediment sources to the lake include soil erosion from Crab Creek, Rocky Ford Creek and smaller drainages to the lake, lake shoreline erosion due to wind and wake driven currents exacerbated by lack of emergent wetland and riparian habitat, as discussed within the Habitat Characteristics section below. Rain on snow episodic events could contribute up to an estimated 4,500 tons of sediment from Rocky Coulee to Crab Creek and Moses Lake (Grette Associates, 2009). The supplemental feed route expansion will increase the overall flow into Moses Lake affecting sediment transport and deposition to the lake.

Water Quality: There are 303d listing for total phosphorus, PCB, 2,3,7,8-TCDD; 305b waters of concern for Dieldrin; 305b waters impaired by a non-pollutant for invasive exotic species. Moses Lake has 303d listings for total phosphorus, PCB, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD and is a 305b water of concern for Dieldrin. It is also listed as a 305b water impaired by Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllumspicatum). This lake's water quality is likely impacted by heavy recreation use, chemicals from irrigation return flows, and surface stormwater runoff in impervious areas.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian vegetation is present, but modified from its natural condition due to the prevalence of developed areas within Subreaches A and C and due to steep slopes in Subreach D. Scattered trees and turfgrass mostly line the shore within developed areas. Subreach B has a larger riparian area, though tree species are dominated by the non-native Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia). Undeveloped upland areas are dominated by shrub steppe habitat. Patches of emergent wetlands are present on the north tip of the lake, but most of the habitat is open water here. Moses Lake supports lake fish species such as large-and smallmouth bass, rainbow trout, and walleye. The lake has waterfowl concentrations associated in various areas, as well as rare birds such as tundra swan, grebes, bald eagle, and long-billed curlew. The lake supports high concentrations of ducks and geese, with up to 50,000 ducks and

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MOSES LAKE REACH 3 GRANT COUNTY 10,000 geese present in-water at various times, and this reach supports Canada goose and duck nests (WDFW 2012a). Rare amphibians are present in nearby wetlands. No rare plants are identified here.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Recreational development and use, moderate upland residential development including paved roads, docks, boat-ramp, moderate exotic vegetation encroachment (Russian-olive) Potential Stressors: Further development, parcels have already been platted for development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species Potential Protection Opportunities: Shrub steppe protection consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Moderate upland residential development including paved roads, substantial exotic vegetation (Russian-olive), some armoring (groins), recreation use Potential Stressors: Further development, parcels have already been platted for development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Residential development with lawns to shoreline, docks, armoring, highway crossing (at city boundary), gravel mine at northern end of subreach, recreation use Potential Stressors: Based on zoning/land-use designations Potential Restoration Opportunities: Improve riparian conditions on undeveloped parcels Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washingotn Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices and reduce impacts of armoring during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs. SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use, dirt roads at top of steep bluff Potential Stressors: Zoned residential low density. The parcels have not yet been platted to reflect this density.

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MOSES LAKE REACH 3 GRANT COUNTY Potential Restoration Opportunities: None Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect steep slopes areas from runoff and sedimentation. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider shoreline residential (SR 2 and 3), rural conservancy (SR 1), and natural (SR 4) designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Almost the entire shoreline in this management area is privately owned. Only 1.3% of the shoreline is publicly owned. Public ownership and recreational uses comprises of 10% of the shoreline. The northern part of the shoreline west of SR-17 is mostly unimproved. The rest of the shoreline is mostly improved with single family residences. Public access is blocked in these areas by existing developments. Most of the residential units have private docks. Shoreline access is mostly through private properties. Public ownership of open space areas within the shoreline areas are listed below: • Grant County – 1 acre • USBR – Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area – 4.5 acres • Moses Lake Irrigation and Rehabilitation District (Connelly Park) – 0.2 acre Existing shoreline access facilities in this management area include: • Private boat ramps – improved – 7 • Private docks – 227 • Public water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: No improvements have been identified for this area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: This area lacks adequate shoreline public access or recreational opportunities. Opportunity exists to utilize public rights-of-way at road ends. Joint access easements could also offer public access to the shoreline and viewing areas.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level: • Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion, invasive aquatic species • Water quality impacts associate with residential runoff, irrigation return flows and recreation uses • Structural effects on habitat through road and railroad fragmentation and overwater structures • Shoreline hardening/stabilization through private docks and bank protection associated with residential development • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and residential development, and non-native predation (domestic pets and smallmouth bass)

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QUINCY BASIN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Babcock Ridge Lake, 23 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 2,422 acres Crater Lake, 25 acres Frenchman Hills Lake, 58 acres Hiawatha Lake, 27 acres Martha Lake, 25 acres Sand Lake, 36 acres Un-named Lake in T17-0N R25-0E S04,33 acres Un-named Lake in T17-0N R26-0E S07, 31 acres Un-named Lake in T17-0N R27-0E S05, 27 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R25-0E S31, 108 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R26-0E S11, 42 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R26-0E S14, 355 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R26-0E S15, 33 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R26-0E S36, 38 acres Un-named Lake in T18-0N R27-0E S31, 29 acres Winchester Lakes, 406 acres

Description: The Quincy Basin Lakes complex is located northwest of Potholes reservoir, northeast of Potholes Coulee and Frenchman Coulee Lakes, and north of Lower Crab Creek. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19f, 19g: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is a combination of federal (USBR), state (WDFW), and private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Agriculture and open space

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QUINCY BASIN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 716 acres; rural remote, 1,695 acres; rural residential, 11 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy for Babcock Ridge Lake, Crater Lake, Martha Lake, Sand Lake and Frenchman Hills Rural for Winchester Lakes Other lakes are not applicable

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, public water system, near CBP canals/laterals, near Interstate 90 and State Highway 28

Geomorphic Character: Irrigation wasteway lakes are located within the Quincy Basin, a wide and flat topographic area that was historically the outlet of multiple outburst flood channels. The lakes are located in local depressions, many of which are underlain by bedrock. The Frenchman and Winchester Wasteway lakes are located through active dune areas and hummocky terrain that create dynamic chains of small lakes and wetlands. Prior to CBP operations, this area was a desert environment. Hardened banks: Interstate 90 intersects the Winchester Wasteway at the south end. No other hardened banks identified.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Lakes are within the mapped FEMA floodplain. A majority of the surrounding soils are classified as slight to moderate erosion hazard, with local areas (Babcock Ridge and Crater Lakes) containing steep bedrock slopes that are classified as severe. These areas also contain steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls or slides.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations and groundwater seepage. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for Dieldrin, pH, temperature; 305b waters of concern for dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH; 305b waters impaired by a non-pollutant for invasive exotic species. Water quality is likely impacted by irrigation return flows and farmland runoff.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian vegetation is naturally low-growing and sparse for these ponds and lakes. Wetland-associated vegetation occurs along most shorelines. The shrub steppe uplands that surround these lakes are flanked by agricultural land use on all sides. Wetlands surround these small, shallow lakes, supporting waterfowl concentrations and rare birds (ring- necked pheasant, sandhill crane, long-billed curlew). These wetlands are primarily pond habitat, with approximately 5,000 acres of freshwater emergent and forested scrub/shrub wetlands associated with the

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QUINCY BASIN LAKES GRANT COUNTY ponds. Mule deer and jackrabbits occur in the nearby shrub-steppe habitat. Most lakes have large- and smallmouth bass and the larger ones have rainbow trout.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agriculture fields with little to no buffer, nearby roads Potential Stressors: Rural remote zoning, which many of the lakes fall under allow for one dwelling unit per 20 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody plant strips in between agricultural fields and lakes Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy and natural designations (south-eastern portion of lake group).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 58% of shoreline in this management area is under public ownership and recreational use. Publicly owned land includes the Desert, Potholes, Winchester and Quincy Wildlife Areas. This management area stretches from near the Crescent Bar management area to the north up to the Potholes Reservoir – Reach 1 management area. Northern shoreline areas on Crater Lake and Babrock Ridge Lake, west of Quincy have shoreline access through local roads. To the south, limited access exists to the shoreline and wildlife refuge areas. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below: • USBR – Desert Wildlife Area – 266 acres • USBR – Potholes Wildlife Area – 290 acres • USBR – Winchester Wildlife Area – 301 acres • WDFW – Quincy Wildlife Area – 32 acres • WDNR land – 50 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area include: • Boat ramp – unimproved – 4 • Campground – 9 • Water access – 2

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QUINCY BASIN LAKES GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: As part of the development of the Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan, a citizen advisory group and agency staff identified the following for this management area:

• Increase wildlife viewing opportunities without disturbing wildlife • Control camping and decrease camping in areas with sensitive wildlife or habitat • Allow commercial guiding if conflict with public recreation does not occur • Post informational signs to reduce litter and vandalism problems • Manage public use impacts on CBWA by careful planning of access developments and improvements, controlling vehicles, implementing seasonal and use restrictions and using other land and resource management techniques • Investigate activities on CBWA that do not appear to be permitted or wildlife related and determine if corrective action is needed Protect small ponds from unacceptable human disturbances such as jet skis (Fitzgerald 2006).

Potential Public Access Opportunities: The wildlife refuge area of the shoreline provides limited public access consistent with the sensitive nature of the shoreline. Maintenance of current access and facilities will achieve the goals of the existing resource management and conservation plans and will address public access needs. To the north, opportunities exist for formalized shoreline public access with more facilities.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from I-90 leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations including invasive aquatic species • Water quality impacts associate with irrigation return flows and agricultural uses • Shoreline hardening/stabilization associated with I-90 • Channelization impacts

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POTHOLES COULEE AND FRENCHMAN COULEE LAKES GRANT COUNTY Ancient Lake, 26 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 663 acres Burke Lake, 69 acres Dusty Lake, 41 acres Evergreen Reservoir, 247 acres Flat Lake, 74 acres Hilltop Lake, 33 acres Quincy Lake, 54 acres Stan Coffin Lake, 53 acres

Description: An eight-lake complex located south of the town of Quincy, between the Columbia River to the west and I-90 to the south. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 20: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is a combination of federal (USBR), state (WDFW), and private. Dusty Lake, two areas along the shoreline of Flat Lake, and Hilltop Lake are private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Mostly open space. Agriculture landcovers and a canal exist along the northern shoreline of Flat Lake.

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POTHOLES COULEE AND FRENCHMAN COULEE LAKES GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Master planned resort, 63 acres; open space, 584 acres; rural remote, 16 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, transmission line crossings, near CBP canals

Geomorphic Character: Natural depressions in bedrock that are affected by irrigation practices from the surrounding hillsides are primarily composed of exposed bedrock or thin soils mantling bedrock. Hardened banks: None identified.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Lakes are within the mapped FEMA floodplain. A majority of the thin soils and bedrock surrounding the lakes are classified as having a severe erosion hazard. Steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls are located adjacent to Ancient and Dusty Lakes.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity in the lakes is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations and groundwater/surface water runoff from irrigated farmland. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for 2,3,7,8-TCDD; 305b waters impaired by a non-pollutant for invasive exotic species; 305b waters of concern for 2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ. These listings are likely due to runoff from irrigated farmland and irrigation return flows. Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian vegetation is natural and generally undisturbed in these lakes, and consists of low-growing shrubs and similar species. Upland landcover is shrub-steppe vegetation, with agriculture surrounding the lake area within approximately 1 mile. There are about 80 acres of wetlands associated with these lakes, primarily freshwater emergent. Rare plants occur near some of the lakes. This lake area is associated with waterfowl concentrations and birds such as chukar and ring-necked pheasant occur in the shrub-steppe habitat nearby. Western small-footed myotis, prairie falcon, long-legged myotis, silver-haired bat, spotted bat, burrowing owl, and Washington ground squirrel are present.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Irrigated agriculture fields, access roads, exotic plant species (Russian-olive) at Hilltop Lake Potential Stressors: Hilltop lake is zoned for master planned resort and near a rural residential 1 zoning area, which allows one dwelling unit per 5 acres. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody plant strips in between agricultural fields and lakes,

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POTHOLES COULEE AND FRENCHMAN COULEE LAKES GRANT COUNTY particularly Flat Lake Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect existing functions and habitats. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation consolidating roads and trails. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy or shoreline residential (Hilltop Lake), and natural.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 87% of shoreline in this management area is publicly owned as part of the Quincy Wildlife Area. On the northern lake groups, several lakes have boat launches and public access through local roads. Several lakes have seasonal fishing opportunities (Fitzgerald 2006). Some shoreline areas are too steep and rocky for public access. This area is largely unimproved due to the purposes of the wildlife area. Overall, public access is limited. On the south side near French Coulee area, Hilltop Lake has access through Silica Road SW. This shoreline is mostly privately owned and is currently unimproved. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below:

• USBR – Quincy Wildlife Area – 290 acres • WDFW – Quincy Wildlife Area – 219 acres • WDNR land – 663 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are all public and are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 5 • Boat ramp – unimproved – 3 • Campground – 7 • Water access – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: As part of the development of the Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan, a citizen advisory group and agency staff identified the following for this management area:

• Increase wildlife viewing opportunities without disturbing wildlife • Control camping and decrease camping in areas with sensitive wildlife or habitat • Allow commercial guiding if conflict with public recreation does not occur • Post informational signs to reduce litter and vandalism problems • Manage public use impacts on CBWA by careful planning of access developments and improvements, controlling vehicles, implementing seasonal and use restrictions and using other land and resource management techniques • Investigate activities on CBWA that do not appear to be permitted or wildlife related and determine if corrective action is needed • Protect small ponds from unacceptable human disturbances such as jet skis (Fitzgerald 2006) Potential Public Access Opportunities: The northern shoreline areas provide limited public access

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POTHOLES COULEE AND FRENCHMAN COULEE LAKES GRANT COUNTY consistent with the sensitive nature of the shoreline. Identified improvements, along with maintenance of current access and facilities, are expected to achieve the goals of the existing resource management and conservation plans, and to meet the public access need. Along Hilltop Lake, opportunities exist to improve public access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Water quality impacts associated with agricultural uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY Potholes Reservoir, 14,978 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 6,961 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Left: North end of Potholes Reservoir. Right: Northernmost extent of Potholes Reservoir facing south. Description: Potholes Reservoir Reach 1 consists of the undeveloped/open space shorelines of the reservoir, which are primarily dune landscape. Potholes Reservoir is located east of the Quincy Basin Lakes and Frenchman Hills Wasteway, and south of Moses Lake. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 21: Not applicable. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: The majority of the reach is mostly federal ownership (USBR Potholes Wildlife Area), with areas of private along the northernmost and western (just above the mouth of Frenchman Hills Wasteway) shorelines.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Wildlife area, rangeland, and recreational open space

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Commercial (urban), 1 acre; open space, 6,885 acres; rural remote, 75 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, transmission line crossing, campground Geomorphic Character: Potholes Reservoir is a manmade feature controlled by the O’Sullivan Dam. Reach 1 is primarily active sand dunes which form a series of troughs and islands that become inundated or exposed as the pool level fluctuates seasonally. Hardened banks: None identified in Reach 1.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Potholes Reservoir is within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the water surface elevation is controlled by the dam. Soils are classified as slight to moderate erosion hazard with generally low and very low liquefaction susceptibility.

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations.

Water Quality: These lakes have 303d listings for Dieldrin, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and 4,4'-DDE, which are likely due to runoff from irrigated farmland and irrigation return flows. There is also a 303d listing for PCBs, which may have been caused by electrical transformer processes. The lake is a 305b waters of concern for 2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The sandy islands within this reach of Potholes Reservoir supports willow species (Salix sp.), wild alfalfa (Psoralea tenuiflora) and sand dock (Rumex venosus) (USBR 2007). Riparian zone species are low-growing wetland associated plants and low grasses and shrubs. Uplands adjacent to the reservoir are shrub-steppe habitat, with agricultural uses approximately 1/2 to 3 miles away. A grass land occurs east of the reservoir. Rare plants are located on the shores in certain areas. Freshwater emergent and forested/shrub wetlands are present, comprising more than 1,000 acres over the majority of the Potholes Reservoir complex. Potholes Reservoir is home to a wealth of shorebirds, waterfowl, and other birds, including white pelican, bald eagle, tundra swan, and great blue heron. Phalaropes, avocets, stilts, sandpipers, black-crowned night heron, northern leopard frog, sagebrush lizard, sage sparrow, burrowing owl, and Washington ground squirrel are present. In-water use by up to 80,000 ducks of various species and 50,000 geese in the fall, winter and early spring and western grebe (WDFW 2012a). Rare amphibians are present in the wetlands. Fish species include rainbow trout and other lake species such as burbot, walleye, and large- and smallmouth bass. ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation use, nearby dirt roads, invasive vegetation (Russian-olive), irrigated agriculture fields fairly nearby Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species Potential Protection Opportunities: Shrub steppe protection consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Monitor shorelines periodically and evaluate measures needed if water access impacts appear. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Natural

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 98% of the shoreline is publicly owned by USBR (Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area), Washington State Parks (Potholes State Park) and WDNR. USBR owns the majority of public land (6,573.64 acres). A few dikes exist on the northern arms of this management area. Most of the Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area shoreline is currently open to the public year round. The Potholes State Park is located on the southern edge of the management area. See Potholes Reservoir – Reach 2 management area discussion for a description of the state park's public access facilities. Existing public access facilities in this management area include:

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 1 GRANT COUNTY • Boat ramps – unimproved – 1 • Boat ramps – improved – 1 • Campground – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: USBR's Recreation Sites and Improvements management strategies identify the following improvements:

• Provide permanent or portable toilets in high use dispersed camping areas where human wastes pose a public health or environmental hazard. • Construct trails and boardwalks to control public access and foot traffic through wetland and riparian habitats in high use recreation areas (i.e., within the Developed Corridor). • Perform minor road improvements (i.e., grading and/or the placement of gravel) as needed to improve vehicular access and/or reduce soil erosion and public safety concerns where continued primitive road access is desirable (USBR 2002). The Columbia Basin Wildlife Area 2006 plan identifies the following improvement:

• Post 4 islands within the Potholes Reservoir with signs to reduce human disturbances during the nesting season (Fitzgerald 2006)

Potential Public Access Opportunities As part of the development of the Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan, a citizen advisory group and agency staff identified the following for this management area:

• Increase wildlife viewing opportunities without disturbing wildlife • Control camping and decrease camping in areas with sensitive wildlife or habitat • Allow commercial guiding if conflict with public recreation does not occur • Post boating regulations and Potholes RMP boat speed limits for public safety and wildlife • Post informational signs to reduce litter and vandalism problems • Manage public use impacts on CBWA by careful planning of access developments and improvements, controlling vehicles, implementing seasonal and use restrictions and using other land and resource management techniques • Investigate activities on CBWA that do not appear to be permitted or wildlife related and determine if corrective action is needed • Protect small ponds from unacceptable human disturbances such as jet skis (Fitzgerald 2006) CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Water quality impacts associated with irrigation return flows, agricultural uses

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Potholes Reservoir, 14,978 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 482 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Western shoreline, southern shoreline with Soda Lake in the background, and eastern shoreline respectively. Description: Potholes Reservoir Reach 2 consists of the southern half of the reservoir closest to the dam. It is characterized by agriculture and development to the east, dam and highway to the south, and development and open space to the west. Potholes Reservoir is located east of the Quincy Basin Lakes and Frenchman Hills Wasteway, and south of Moses Lake. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 22: SR A: Begins on the western shore of the reservoir at the campground and extends approximately 18,000 feet around the southwest corner SR B: Extends approximately 76,400 feet along the southern and southeastern shoreline connecting into Lind Coulee PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is mostly federal (USBR Potholes Wildlife Area) with some state (Potholes State Park) and private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Recreational Development and Wildlife Area. Potholes State Park is located just south of the mouth of Frenchman Hills Wasteway. Developed areas exist along the southern and eastern shorelines. The eastern shoreline also has agriculture.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 10 acres; open space, 455 acres; recreational development, 17 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy and Rural Major Infrastructure: Public water system, public water access, state park, near CBP canal, campground, dam

Geomorphic Character: Potholes Reservoir is a manmade feature controlled by the O’Sullivan Dam. The west and south shores of Reach 2 are bedrock, which outburst flood gravels on the east shore. The pool level fluctuates seasonally. Hardened banks: These include O’Sullivan Dam/O’Sullivan Dam Road, located along the south shore, as well as the spillway and associated breakwater structure, located at the southeast corner. The west shore contains local infrastructure associated with boat launches and camping facilities, and there is a dock at the southwest corner of the reservoir. The total estimated distance of hardened shoreline is approximately 19,200 feet.

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: Potholes Reservoir is within the mapped FEMA floodplain; however, the water surface elevation is controlled by the dam. The shallow soils overlying bedrock typically have moderate erodibility and low liquefaction susceptibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations.

Water Quality: These lakes have 303d listings for Dieldrin, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and 4,4'-DDE, which are likely due to runoff from irrigated farmland and irrigation return flows. There is also a 303d listing for PCBs, which may have been caused by electrical transformer processes. The lake also has a 305b waters of concern listing for 2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zone species are low-growing wetland associated plants and low grasses and shrubs consistent with the surrounding shrub-scrub habitat. On the southeast reservoir shoreline, agricultural lands extend almost to the water. Uplands adjacent to the reservoir are shrub-steppe habitat, with agricultural uses generally approximately 1/2 to 3 miles away. Vegetation is dominated by dry-adapted shrubs. Potholes Reservoir is home to a wealth of shorebirds, waterfowl, and other birds, including white pelican, bald eagle, tundra swan, and great blue heron. Phalaropes, avocets, stilts, sandpipers, black-crowned night heron, northern leopard frog, sagebrush lizard, sage sparrow, burrowing owl, and Washington ground squirrel are present. In-water use by up to 80,000 ducks of various species and 50,000 geese in the fall, winter and early spring and western grebe (WDFW 2012a). Rare amphbians are present in the wetlands. Fish species present include rainbow trout and other lake species such as burbot, walleye, and large- and smallmouth bass. Rare plants are located on the shores in certain areas.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Recreation development including campgrounds, boat ramps, docks, parking and nearby paved roads, trails, exotic vegetation (Russian-olive) Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development Potential Restoration Opportunities: If water access points are redeveloped consider incorporating aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Potential Protection Opportunities: Shrub steppe protection consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agriculture fields, nearby dirt roads, road crossing (at subreach break)

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use and development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and reservoir Potential Protection Opportunities: Shrub steppe protection consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Monitor shorelines periodically and evaluate measures needed if water access impacts appear. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy, natural and high intensity (recreational development) designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 93% of the shoreline is under publicly ownership and recreational use. O'Sullivan Dam Road/WA-262 abuts the southern edge of this shoreline providing visual access to the shoreline. Several public access points are available from this road. Potholes State Park provides public access opportunities such as boat launches, campground, RV sites, parking and picnic areas. Public access and boat launch facilities are also available from the south of the park near O'Sullivan Sportsman resort. Two other resorts (MarDon and Perch Point Resorts) in this management area offer recreational and shoreline access facilities. Except for the recreational areas, the management area is largely unimproved. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below: • USBR – Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area – 361 acres • Washington State Parks – Potholes State Park – 70 acres • WDNR land – 9 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 3 • Boat ramp – unimproved – 5 • Private campground – 1 • Public campground – 6 • Private dock – 1 • Public dock – 1 • Water access – 1

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POTHOLES RESERVOIR REACH 2 GRANT COUNTY Identified Public Access Improvements: Recreation management strategies identify the following improvements:

• Provide permanent or portable toilets in high use dispersed camping areas where human wastes pose a public health or environmental hazard. • Construct trails and boardwalks to control public access and foot traffic through wetland and riparian habitats in high use recreation areas (i.e., within the Developed Corridor). • Perform minor road improvements (i.e., grading or the placement of gravel) as needed to improve vehicular access or reduce soil erosion and public safety concerns where continued primitive road access is desirable (USBR 2002). Columbia Basin Wildlife Area performance measures in 2006 for providing recreation compatible with fish, wildlife and habitat protection include improvements as follows:

• Post 4 islands within the Potholes Reservoir with signs to reduce human disturbances during the nesting season (Fitzgerald 2006)

Potential Public Access Opportunities: As part of the development of the Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan, a citizen advisory group and agency staff identified the following for this management area:

• Increase wildlife viewing opportunities without disturbing wildlife • Control camping and decrease camping in areas with sensitive wildlife or habitat • Allow commercial guiding if conflict with public recreation does not occur • Post boating regulations and Potholes RMP boat speed limits for public safety and wildlife • Post informational signs to reduce litter and vandalism problems • Manage public use impacts on CBWA by careful planning of access developments and improvements, controlling vehicles, implementing seasonal and use restrictions and using other land and resource management techniques • Investigate activities on CBWA that do not appear to be permitted or wildlife related and determine if corrective action is needed • Protect small ponds from unacceptable human disturbances such as jet skis (Fitzgerald 2006) CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on O’Sullivan dam operations. Reach level:

• Impervious surfaces from nearby development leading to habitat loss and potential runoff • Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Water quality impacts associate with irrigation return flows and agricultural land uses • Structural effects on habitat through overwater structures • Other impacts including increased noise and light from recreation use and dam

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DRUMHELLER CHANNELS LAKES GRANT COUNTY Blythe Lake, 37 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 1,568 acres Canal Lake, 69 acres Chukar Lake, 22 acres Corral Lake, 71 acres Crescent Lake, 22 acres Hampton Lake (North), 52 acres Hampton Lake (South), 22 acres Heart Lake, 23 acres Long Lake (South), 74 acres Lower Goose Lake, 65 acres Marsh Unit One, 30 acres North Teal Lake, 22 acres Pit Lakes, 37 acres Royal Lake, 20 acres Soda Lake, 154 acres South Teal Lake, 15 acres South Warden Lake, 24 acres Susan Lake, 25 acres Un-named Lake in T17-0N R29- 0E S34, 25 acres Upper Goose Lake, 130 acres Warden Lake, 200 acres Windmill Lake, 30 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Left: Corral Lake (Potholes Reservoir in the foreground) and Blythe Lake (background). Right: Drumheller Channels Lakes (except Royal Lake) Description: The Drumheller Channels Lakes are located between the southern extent of Potholes Reservoir

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DRUMHELLER CHANNELS LAKES GRANT COUNTY and Lind Coulee, and the Grant County boundary with Adams County. Subreaches (SR), see Figure 23: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is mostly federal (USBR and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) with private along the shorelines of Royal Lake.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Potholes Wildlife Area, Seep Lake Wildlife Area, and Columbia National Wildlife Area

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 30 acres; open space, 1,380 acres; rangeland, 127 acres; rural residential 2, 30 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural for Warden Lake and South Warden Lake; conservancy for all other lakes

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife refuge, wildlife area, CBP canal, near roads

Geomorphic Character: Channel scablands in bedrock south of O’Sullivan Dam that collect seepage and surface runoff. The surrounding hillsides are composed of exposed bedrock or thin soils mantling bedrock. Some lakes are widened canal areas (e.g., Marsh Unit One). Hardened banks: Irrigation/water control infrastructure along the Potholes Canal, levees and diking associated with Marsh Unit One. Possible hardened banks at the north end of Warden Lake.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: A majority of the lakes and canals are within the mapped FEMA floodplain except Susan Lake, the Warden Lakes, Hampton Lakes, Teal Lakes, and Pit Lakes. The thin soils and bedrock surrounding the lakes are classified as having a severe erosion hazard. Steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls are located along the shores of many of the Drumheller Channels lakes.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations and groundwater seepage. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: These lakes have 303d listings for Dieldrin, which is likely due to runoff from irrigated farmland and irrigation return flows.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zone species are low-growing wetland associated plants and low grasses and shrubs consistent with the surrounding shrub-scrub habitat. Adjacent upland cover is exclusively shrub-steppe habitat, with low- growing shrubs and grasses near these lakes. Washington ground squirrel, sage thrasher, sagebrush lizard, northern leopard frog, burrowing owl, and night snake are present. In-water PHS species use by Clark’s grebe and common loon is documented (WDFW 2012a). Rare plants (Piper's daisy) occur in the vicinity.

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DRUMHELLER CHANNELS LAKES GRANT COUNTY Agricultural uses are present within approximately 1/2 to 5 miles of each lake. Wetland habitat is abundant in the vicinity of this lake group just south of Potholes Reservoir, but just a few wetland acres are within the shoreline jurisdiction. Waterfowl concentrations occur here, in addition to mule deer in the adjacent shrub steppe habitat. Royal, Upper Hampton, and Soda Lake are particularly valuable as waterfowl habitat. Rainbow trout inhabit several of these lakes, in addition to kokanee and largemouth bass.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation development, residential development and adjacent highway at Warden Lake Access roads and recreation trails at all lakes, livestock use (Susan, Canal, and Pit Lakes), nearby irrigated agricultural fields (Royal and Goose Lakes) Potential Stressors: Recreation and residential development pressure at Warden Lake, rural residential 2 zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 2.5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody plant strips in between agricultural fields and Royal and Goose lakes. Shrub steppe restoration for Susan, Canal, and Pit lakes consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate livestock water access (Susan, Canal, and Pit lakes) Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider shoreline residential (Warden Lake), rural conservancy (Royal and Upper and Lower Goose Lakes) and natural.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: More than 83% of shoreline in management area is publicly owned as part of Potholes Wildlife Area, Seep Lake Wildlife Area and Columbia National Wildlife Area. All of the lakes have public access through local roads. WDFW maintains many miles of graveled access roads as well as several boat launches and parking areas on Seep Lake Wildlife Refuge Area primarily for the public fishing opportunities (Fitzgerald 2006). One RV resort and residential development exist north of Warden Lake. The rest of the management area is unimproved. Public ownerships of open space areas within shoreline include areas listed below: • USBR – Potholes Wildlife Refuge Area – 290 acres • USBR – Seep Lake Wildlife Refuge Area – 166 acres • USFWS – Columbia National Wildlife Area – 784 acres • WDNR land – 63 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 5 • Boat ramp – unimproved – 6 • Public campground – 10

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DRUMHELLER CHANNELS LAKES GRANT COUNTY • Water access – 1 Identified Public Access Improvements: Multiple improvements have been identified in the USFWS-owned property under the Columbia National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan. These improvements are aimed to support compatible uses and include creating hunting areas, and improving trails and overall access to identified public access areas. Specific improvements proposed for this management area include:

• Convert Soda Lake campground to Day Use only • Convert Bluebird Campground to Day Use Only • Permanent Wildlife Viewing & Photo Blind (site not yet determined) • Close Marsh Unit 1 to Deer Hunting • Convert March Unit 3 to Riparian Habitat • ADA fishing area (site not yet determined) • ADA hunt area (site not yet determined) • Close Morgan Lake Road at Night • New Interpretive trail (site not yet determined) (CNWR 2011)

Potential Public Access Opportunities: This area provides public access consistent with the sensitive nature of the shoreline. Improvements, expansion, maintenance, and further development as planned will achieve the goals of the existing resource management and conservation plans

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DRUMHELLER CHANNELS LAKES GRANT COUNTY CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level: • Water quality impacts associated with irrigation return flows and agricultural land uses • Channelization impacts

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LAKES NORTH OF LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Bobby Lake, 20 acres Shoreline Jurisdiction: 467 acres Burkett Lake, 41 acres Lenice Lake, 88 acres Nunnally Lake, 163 acres Red Rock Lake, 154 acres Sand Hollow Lake, 39 acres

Above: Overhead view of all lakes in relation to Lower Crab Creek.

Right: Burkett and Nunnally Lakes looking NE (Columbia River foreground).

Source:https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePh otos.aspx

Description: This complex of six lakes is located north of Lower Crab Creek, stretching from the Columbia River/Beverly (west) to Royal City (east). Subreaches (SR), see Figure 24a, 24b, 24c: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is a combination of federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), state (WDFW), and private.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Mostly open space. The western shorelines of Burkett and Red Rock Lakes may be considered rural residential.

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LAKES NORTH OF LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Open space, 129 acres; rural remote, 228 acres; rural residential 1, 110 acres Current SMP environment designation: Conservancy - Burkett, Bobby, and portions of Nunnally and Lenice Lakes. Sand Hollow and Red Rock Lake: None.

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, transmission line crossing, road crossing

Geomorphic Character: A series of lakes within minor coulees that capture seepage and surface runoff from the Frenchman Hills and Royal Slope areas. The surrounding hillsides are composed of exposed bedrock or thin soils mantling bedrock, with alluvium or outburst flood deposits in the coulees. Burkett Lake is adjacent to active dunes on the south shore. Hardened banks: Road at north shore of Burkett Lake and west shore of Red Rock Lake.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Nunnally, Lenice, and Royal Lakes are within the mapped FEMA floodplain. The thin soils and bedrock surrounding the lakes are classified as having moderate to severe erosion hazard. Some local areas of alluvium or outburst flood deposits have slight erosion hazard. Bobby, Lenice, and Nunnally Lakes are classified as moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility. Steep slope (>40%) hazards susceptible to rock falls are located along the shores of the lakes adjacent to bedrock outcrops.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is affected by Columbia Basin Project operations and groundwater seepage. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for 4,4'-DDE, Dieldrin; 305b waters impaired by a non-pollutant for invasive exotic species. Listings are likely due to runoff from irrigated farmland and irrigation return flows.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The riparian buffers of the lakes contain scattered trees and shrubs. Outside the immediate riparian zone, plants are low-growing wetland associated plants and low grasses. Upland areas adjacent to these waterbodies are flanked by cliffs/bluffs and shrub-steppe and contain mostly shrub and grass vegetation. The lakes generally run east to west, and most have pond and palustrine emergent wetland at their east and west ends. These lakes are associated with the Crab Creek sub-watershed of the Columbia River, and are just adjacent to Lower Crab Creek. Ferruginous hawk, ring-necked pheasant, and chukar are found on the habitats here.

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LAKES NORTH OF LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Recreation access roads(Red Rock Lake), adjacent roadways and residential development(Burkett Lake), nearby irrigated agriculture fields (Burkett, Nunnally, and Sand Hollow Lakes), livestock trails Potential Stressors: Rural remote for many lakes allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres, rural residential 1 zoning at Red Rock Lake allows for one dwelling unit per 5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody plant strips in between agricultural fields and Burkett, Nunnally, and Sand Hollow lakes. Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Concentrate livestock water access. Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation consolidating roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural conservancy, natural

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: More than 83% of shoreline in management area is publicly owned as part of the Burkett Lake Recreation Area, Columbia National Wildlife Refuge Area and Crab Creek Wildlife area. These lakes have limited public access to shoreline due to the sensitive nature of the wildlife area. Red Rock Lake to the east has access through local roads. Public ownership of open space areas within shoreline area includes:

• USFWS – Columbia National Wildlife Area – 36 acres • WDFW – Crab Creek Wildlife area – 236 acres • WDNR land – 63 acres • Grant PUD – Burkett Lake Recreation Area – 29 acres Existing public access facilities in this management area are mentioned below:

• Boat ramp – improved – 1 • Boat ramp – unimproved – 1 • Campground – 1 • Dock – 1 • Water access – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: For Burkett Lake Recreation Area, the following public access improvements have been proposed on Grant PUD properties:

• A barrier-free fishing pier or platform • Kiosks and Crab Creek corridor • Trails (FERC 2010) Potential Public Access Opportunities: Proposed public access opportunities and improvements for this management area would provide adequate and appropriate public access in this shoreline area.

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LAKES NORTH OF LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations including aquatic species invasion • Shoreline hardening/stabilization for roads • Water quality impacts associated with irrigation return flows and agricultural land uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation

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LOWER GRANT COUNTY LAKES GRANT COUNTY Un-named Lake in T15 0N R23 0E Shoreline Jurisdiction: 511 acres S 28, 33 acres Saddle Mountain Lake, 578 acres Saddle Mountain Wasteway, 63 acres

Description: These three lakes are located in lower Grant County. Two lakes are located on the Hanford Site and within the Hanford Reach National Monument/Saddle Mountain Wildlife Refuge. The Un-named Lake is located between the Columbia River and the town of Mattawa. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 25a, 25b: Not applicable PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership of shorelands is primarily public. The US Department of Energy is the exclusive owner of the shorelands surrounding Saddle Mountain Lake and Saddle Mountain Wasteway. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife owns the unnamed lake, and shorelands extend on to private agricultural land.

Existing Land Cover/Development: The primary land use of the shorelands is open space, with about 15% of the shorelands around the unnamed creek in agriculture.

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LOWER GRANT COUNTY LAKES GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Hanford Federal Reserve, 408 acres; rural remote, 103 acres Current SMP environment designation: Rural - Un-named Lake in T15 0N R23 0E S 28; Saddle Mountain Lake and Saddle Mountain Wasteway: None

Major Infrastructure: Saddle Mountain Wasteway feeds Saddle Mountain Lake. Priest Rapids Wasteway feeds the Un-named Lake next to Mattawa.

Geomorphic Character: The Un-named Lake is located in a former alcove area of the Columbia River and likely receives significant subsurface flow from the river, in addition to irrigation drainage from the wasteway draining fields to the east. Saddle Mountain Lake and Saddle Mountain Wasteway are natural depressions, but their hydrology is largely controlled by agricultural drainage.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: The un-named alcove lake is mapped within the FEMA 100-year floodplain of the Columbia River and contains areas of severe-level soils susceptible to erosion and moderate-high liquefaction susceptibility. The Saddle Mountain area lakes are located in an area of moderately erodible soils.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: The water level in the Un-named lake likely fluctuates based on inputs from the irrigation wasteway to the east and the Priest Rapids and Wanapum pool levels. The Saddle Mountain Lakes were established in existing topographic depressions by routing of irrigation water returns from the Columbia Basin Project; water levels fluctuate as a result of irrigation inputs and surface-water runoff during storms. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the lakes during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are no documented water quality exceedances. Pesticides and PCBs have been documented in resident fish in the Saddle Mountain Lakes.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Primarily willow communities (Salix sp.) and associated emergent wetlands species. Rare species at the Saddle Mountain Lakes include Bitterbrush, needle and thread grass, Indian ricegrass, and Gray Cryptantha. Typical riparian area is 15 feet or less in width. Adjacent uplands contain shrub-steppe habitat and irrigated agriculture. Water level fluctuations result in the establishment and maintenance of wetland areas along the margins of the lakes. Saddle Mountain lake complex supports s numerous species of terrestrial and avian wildlife including eagles; it is also identified as a waterfowl sanctuary. Sagebrush lizard, burrowing owl and Swainson’s hawk are also present. In-water PHS species use include western grebe, great blue heron. The lakes may also support some warm water fish species including largemouth bass. It is surrounded by Inter Mountain Basin active and stabilized dunes.

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LOWER GRANT COUNTY LAKES GRANT COUNTY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Access roads, nearby irrigated agricultural fields (Un-named Lake) Potential Stressors: Rural remote zoning around Un-named Lake allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody plant strips in between agricultural fields and Un-named Lake Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation by roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy (Un-named Lake) and natural designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Saddle Mountain shoreline on the eastside is publicly owned as part of the Hanford Reach National Monument, Saddle Mountain Unit. Public access is mostly restricted in this shoreline management area under the Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan. The lake to the west is part of the Priest Rapids Wildlife area and is owned by WDFW.

Identified Public Access Improvements: The Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan evaluates options for public access and recreation, such as opening this area to public for hunting and fishing. Proposed projects are at a conceptual level and no specific project sites or developments have been identified in this Plan (USFWS 2008).

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Public access opportunities will depend on the Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan implementation.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Water quality impacts (fish tissue) associated with agricultural land uses

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LIND COULEE GRANT COUNTY Reach 1/RM 0 to 21 Reach Length: 21 miles Mouth to County Boundary Shoreline Jurisdiction: 1,105 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Lower Lind Coulee at the transitition between Subreaches 1 and 2, viewed looking north Description: Lind Coulee extends from Potholes Reservoir (bridge crossing at Road M SE) to Grant County’s eastern boundary with Adams County. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 26a, 26b, 26c: SR A: Begins east of Potholes Reservoir and extends approximately 12,200 feet to the west SR B: Extends approximately 98,000 feet to the County boundary PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Subreach A is entirely federal (USBR Potholes Wildlife Area). Subreach B is a combination of federal and private with the very western portion part of the USBR Potholes Wildlife Area.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Subreach A is a combination of irrigated agriculture and open space (wildlife area). Subreach B is mostly agriculture with some open space.

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LIND COULEE GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 893 acres; open space, 212 acres Current SMP environment designation: RM 2-9: Rural shoreline RM 0-2 and RM 9-21: None Major Infrastructure: Public water access, road and railroad crossings, near CBP canals/laterals, near natural gas pipeline

Geomorphic Character: At the start of Subreach A, the valley bottom and channel widen approaching the Potholes Reservoir. This area contains a low-velocity, single-thread channel through wetlands that are maintained by backwater from the reservoir. Subreach B primarily consists of a single thread channel within a narrow, alluvial valley bottom confined through outburst flood deposits. Hardened banks: None identified.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: The valley bottom and portions of the adjacent hillsides are within the mapped flood hazard zone. Geologic hazards include valley bottom soils with moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility and moderate to severe erosion hazard.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely dependent on Columbia Basin Project feed and return flows.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for pH, temperature, 4,4'-DDE, and PCB.The contributing drainage contains irrigated agricultural land, which runoff likely contributes to water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zones in Lind Coulee are narrow and contain low-growing grasses and shrubs. Agriculture is dominant and flanks the riparian zone directly in many areas. Land cover adjacent to Lind Coulee is primarily shrub-scrub in Subreach A, dominated by sagebrush species, bitterbrush species and bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum) and Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis). Land cover is almost all agricultural within Subreach B. The stream is generally confined in its channel by this land use, but meanders are prevalent, and the wetland complex within Subreach A is expansive, spreading approximately 1000 feet in width across the channel at various points. Fish presence is primarily limited to rainbow trout in Lind Coulee. The wetlands cover approximately 15,700 acres, 15,500 acres of which is lake habitat. The remaining approximately 200 acres are freshwater emergent directly adjacent to the Coulee. Near RM 2, shorebirds and waterfowl concentrate, and mule deer and ring- necked pheasant are present in the shrub-steppe habitat.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH)

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LIND COULEE GRANT COUNTY SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Road crossing at reach break, nearby irrigated agricultural fields, off-road vehicles trails Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: If recreation development occurs, incorporate aquatic habitat complexity (substrate, organic material, structural elements [e.g., large woody debris], and aquatic and riparian vegetation). Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream. Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect shrub steppe areas from fragmentation from further roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Adjacent irrigated agricultural fields, six road crossings, exotic vegetation (Russian-olive), adjacent development, dirt roads within riparian zone Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy designation.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Most of the Lind Coulee shoreline area is privately owned. Shoreline near the Potholes Reservoir is owned by USBR. USBR is the only pubic owner of shoreline in this management area and constitutes about 19% of the shoreline. Private properties are accessed by multiple county roads that cross and parallel shoreline. Partial view of the shoreline is available from these county roads. Shoreline access on the USBR land is available from county roads off of SR 262. Existing public access facilities in this management area are as follows:

• Boat ramp - 2 • Campground – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: No new improvements have been identified.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunities exist for public access on USBR lands; access is limited in the rest of the area, due to the existing agricultural use of land.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations.

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LIND COULEE GRANT COUNTY Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion associated with agricultural land uses • Water quality impacts associated with irrigation return flows and agricultural uses • Structural effects on habitat through road, railroad and pipeline fragmentation • Channelization impacts

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LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Reach 1/RM 29.5 to 0 Reach Length: 29.5 miles Mouth to County Boundary Shoreline Jurisdiction: 3,283 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Lower Crab Creek between the mouth at the Columbia River, to the eastern border of Grant County. Includes the Crab Creek Habitat Management Area. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d: SR A: Begins at County boundary and extends approximately 61,000 feet to the west SR B: Extends approximately 14,000 feet to the west SR C: Extends approximately 15,500 feet to the west SR D: Extends approximately 45,000 feet to the west SR E: Extends approximately 29,000 feet to the west SR F: Extends approximately 14,000 feet to the west ending at the Columbia River PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Subreaches A through C are primarily private with two state-owned parcels near RM 15 and RM 25. Subreaches D through F are primarily public (WDFW and WADNR) with minor private ownership.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Dominantly agriculture in Subreaches A through C and open space (recreational and wildlife areas) in Subreaches D through F.

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LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Irrigated, 89 acres; open space, 1,461 acres; rangeland, 1,711 acres; rural residential 2, 22 acres Current SMP environment designation: RM 0-16: Conservancy RM 16-29.5: None

Major Infrastructure: Public water access, wildlife area, ORV access, road and railroad crossings, transmission line crossings, near CBP canals/laterals

Geomorphic Character: Subreaches A through C are primarily confined and channelized through agricultural lands. Subreach D is meandering channel with many anabranching, multi-thread channels and old channel positions visible in the floodplain. Some evidence of channel migration is visible in the historic photo record. Subreaches E and F include a single thread channel with a narrower floodplain within a naturally-confined valley. The lower approximately 0.8 river miles of Subreach F are affected by backwater from the Columbia River (Priest Rapids pool). Hardened banks: No armoring was observed during inspection of aerial photography, but local armoring is likely at bridge crossings, and much of Subreaches A through C is confined by levees. Channel Migration Zone (CMZ) Characterization: Lower Crab Creek is mostly channelized with a meandering single-thread channel planform throughout its extent from the Grant County line to its confluence with the Columbia River just upstream of the Priest Rapids dam (approximately 29.5 miles in length). The channel migration zone varies in width throughout Lower Crab Creek. In the upper extents of Lower Crab Creek, the CMZ is narrow. In this area, the stream is channelized and leveed through extensive agricultural lands (Subreach 1a). Throughout this Subreachsubreach, the valley bottom and walls mostly consist of bedrock basalt. The delineated CMZ through this area is relatively narrow. The CMZ then widens in an area of wetlands that is approximately 1.5 miles downstream of the County boundary (Subreach 1b). The stream generally follows along the northern boundary of its valley along much of this extent. The CMZ width widens downstream as the valley and floodplain broadens and alluvial deposits make up the valley walls and margins. In this area, the CMZs follow the topography and north valley margin. The extent wetland and the FEMA 100-year floodplain were also considered in the delineation in the broader valley areas. Confining infrastructure includes County road crossings (Road B SE (crossing), Road E SW (crossing), Lower Crab Creek Road SW, and one railroad bridge crossing). The CMZ narrows downstream of the County Road B SE crossing (Subreach 1c). The CMZ widens again in Subreach 1d, in a large, broad wetland complex. In the lower extent of Lower Crab Creek (Subreach 1e), the moves to the south of the valley where bedrock basalt comprises the south valley walls. Just upstream of its confluence with the Columbia River, sand dunes are located along the northern side of the channel, and, to a lesser extent, along the southern side (Subreach 1e). Upstream of the Columbia River (Priest Rapids pool above the dam), the stream backwaters up its valley, creating a large wetland area (Subreach 1f). State Route 243 bridge crossing is located at the mouth of Lower Crab Creek.

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LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: A majority of the valley bottom is within the mapped flood hazard zone. Valley soils have moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility with local areas of moderate to severe erosion risk. The Saddle Mountain fault and associated active folds and faults border the Lower Crab Creek valley to the south.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely dependent on Columbia Basin Project return flows and flows from the Drumheller Channels. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the stream during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for pH and temperature in several subreaches as well as DDE and PCB in the lowest subreach. The contributing drainage contains irrigated agricultural land, which runoff likely contributes to pH and temperature issues. Columbia River backwater into the lowest subreach may contribute to DDE and PCB issues.

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LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The riparian area of Lower Crab Creek is relatively free of manmade developments. The riparian zone width ranges from the width of the creek (tens of feet) to several hundred feet on either side. Trees and shrubs flank the streambed and palustrine wetlands dominate. The adjacent upland is predominantly shrub/scrub, with agriculture flanking the creek in Subreaches 1 through 3. There are some patches of grassland in the upper reaches near the creek. Rare plants are found within Subreach 5 (Hoover's desert parsley, among others). There are approximately 3,000 acres of wetlands present (NWI), primarily palustrine emergent with some riparian forested present in small patches. Loggerhead shrike, prairie falcon, sandhills crane, Washington ground squirrel, black-tailed jackrabbit, and ferruginous hawk are present. Channel migration potential is high due to the low gradient and the less-developed nature of the surrounding area. The basin has a history of channel migration visible north of the existing channel. Lower Crab Creek provides habitat for anadromous fall Chinook and summer steelhead as well as bass, walleye, and brown and rainbow trout.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH 1 Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields adjacent to shoreline, dirt roads, weirs, residential development (1), road crossings Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH 2 Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields adjacent to shoreline and nearby, weirs, road crossings Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH 3 Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields adjacent to a portion of the shoreline, dirt roads, weirs, road crossings Potential Stressors: Based on zoning/land-use designations Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater

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Appendix B

LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY manual

SUBREACH 4 Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Nearby agricultural fields, nearby dirt roads Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH 5 Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Dirt access roads and nearby roads, road crossings, off-road vehicle recreation Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation consolidating roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH 6 Level of Existing Function: Functioning, partially functioning, impaired Stressors: Off-road vehicle recreation, residential development, road crossing Potential Stressors: Increased recreation use Potential Restoration Opportunities: Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Protect shrub steppe areas from further fragmentation consolidating roads and trails. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy (SR-A through C, E and F) and natural (SR D) designations.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Most of the Crab Creek shoreline is publicly owned largely as part of Columbia National Wildlife Area and Crab Creek Wildlife Area. Public ownership and recreational land constitutes about 49% of the shoreline area. Public ownership of shoreline is listed below:

• Grant PUD – .37 acre • USFWS – 331.65 acres • WDFW – 917.34 acres • WDNR – 343 acres

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LOWER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Lower Crab Creek Road W parallels the shoreline for the most part. John Wayne Pioneer Trail continued on Milwaukee Road Corridor also runs parallel of the shoreline north of Lower Crab Creek Road W. Because of the Sentinel Mountain located south of the Lower Crab Creek, the shoreline is mostly accessible from the foothill to the north. Access to the shoreline and the creek from the Lower Crab Creek Road W is available from several locations such as south of Lenice Lake, east of Bobby Lake and west of Smyrna. An off road vehicular (ORV) access is available on the Beverly Sand Dunes area. Overall, limited improved public accesses exist in this shoreline management area due to the wildlife protection. Existing public access facilities in this management area are as follows:

• Boat ramp – unimproved – 1 • Campground – 1 • Water access – 2 Identified Public Access Improvements: Multiple improvements have been identified in the USFWS owned property under the Columbia National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan. These improvements include creating hunting areas, improving trails and overall access to identified public access areas. Crab Creek Corridor improvement (Burkett Lake Recreation Area) has been identified in Grant PUD's Recreation Resource Management Plan for FERC compliance (Grant PUD 2010). Proposed Burkett Lake Recreation Improvement Plan includes wildlife viewing areas, fishing piers, interpretive kiosks, day use facilities and ADA accessible toilets, pedestrian or multiuse trails, signage and parking facilities.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Proposed public access opportunities and improvements for this management area are consistent with existing management goals and policies. Proposed improvements will provide adequate and appropriate public access.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion associated with agricultural land uses • Water quality impacts associate with irrigation return flows and agricultural land uses • Structural effects on habitat through road, railroad and pipeline fragmentation • Channelization impacts

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ROCKY FORD CREEK GRANT COUNTY Reach 1: RM 14 to 22 Reach Length: 8 miles Shoreline Jurisdiction Lands: 506 acres

Source: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/UICoastalAtlas/Tools/ShorePhotos.aspx Description: Just below Ephrata Lake and Rocky Ford Creek Lakes and north of Moses Lake Subreaches (SR), see Figure 28: SR A: Occurs at the north end of Rocky Ford Creek from RM 22 to 20.5 SR B: Occurs from RM 20.5 to 14 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: WDFW and private Existing Land Cover/Development: Public facilities (fish hatchery), recreation and open space, limited large acreage irrigated agriculture and rural residential Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation:

• Rural remote, 314 acres; rural residential 1, 192 acres Current SMP environment designation: RM 14-19.5: Rural RM 19.5-22: Conservancy Major Infrastructure: Fish hatchery and associated facilities; HWY 17, Old Moses Lake HWY, and local road crossings. Small dam just upstream of Moses Lake confluence. Also some footbridges for recreation access.

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ROCKY FORD CREEK GRANT COUNTY Geomorphic Character: The upper subreach (SR A) is a highly confined series of ponded areas regulated by the hatchery operations. The lower subreach (SR B) is a meandering channel throughout with boulder-lined banks. Evidence of former channel positions or overbank flood pathways in the lower reach, some multi- threaded areas, low banks, few local bedrock controls; channel backwater pools from dams; wide, flat valley with valley slopes generally 10-20% up to 30%. Hardened banks: No significant armoring was noted during inspection of aerial photography. There may be local armoring associated with bridge crossings and hatchery installations. CMZ Characterization: Rocky Ford Creek extends from the hatchery (downstream of Rocky Ford Lake South) to the upstream extent of Moses Lake (approximately 8 river miles). The channel migration zone varies in width throughout its extent along Rocky Ford Creek and is mostly determined by the extent of the alluvial valley. Basalt bedrock is located along the channel and valley margin in isolated locations. At the upper extent near the fish hatchery (Subreach 1a), the CMZ is narrower (approximately 500 feet in width) and is confined within the valley walls. It appears that large rock (boulder-lined banks) have been placed to limit channel migration next to these facilities. The valley bottom consists of alluvium with the margins consisting of flood deposits. The CMZ widens downstream and reaches is maximum (approximately 1,400 feet) in the area upstream of its confluence with Moses Lake where large wetlands occupy the valley floor (Subreach 1b), and the channel has multiple flow paths. Old channel meanders (scars) are visible in the air photos on the valley bottom. The valley floor consists of alluvium with valley walls comprised of flood deposits. In this area the, CMZ extends approximately valley wall to valley wall. Limited infrastructure is located within the valley margins in Subreach 1b. Highway 17 crosses the stream approximately one mile upstream of its confluence with Moses Lake where the CMZ narrows at this crossing. Flooding and Geological Hazards: A majority of the floodplain (>90%) is within the mapped flood hazard zone. Geologic hazards include moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility in the valley. These risks are not deemed currently significant due to the relatively low level of infrastructure and existing development. REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: The contributing drainage area to the reach is relatively small, approximately 12 square miles. Upstream inputs are sourced from a spring and regulated by the hatchery dam at the top of the reach. The percentage of adjacent wetlands and floodplain area is high, resulting in good wetland and floodplain storage. With the Reclamation planned Crab Creek supplemental feeder route project, flows will increase in Rocky Ford due to subsurface hydrologic connections, and sediment transport rates could also increase (WDFW 2012a). Recruitment and transport of bedload sediment occurs more gradually in this reach due to flow regime (affected by natural conditions from limited contributing drainage area and water management for hatchery operations). Water Quality: There is a 303d listing for dissolved oxygen in the upper subreach around the fish hatchery. The contributing drainage contains primarily undeveloped area and rangelands, which may contribute fine sediment to the channel during severe rain events via surface water runoff. Existing riparian and wetland vegetation in the floodplain likely filter and remove these contaminants.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Vegetation within the Rocky Ford Creek is dominated by herbaceous species though some willow species

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ROCKY FORD CREEK GRANT COUNTY (Salix sp.) are present. Common species include watercress (Rorippa nasturtium), common duckweed (Lemna minor), coon’s tail (Ceratophyllum demersum), horned pondweed (Zannichellia palustris), pondweed species (Potamogeton sp.), knotweed species (Polygonum sp.), sedge species (Carex sp.), broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia) and bulrush species (Scirpus sp.), water parseley (Oenanthe sarmentosa), Belladonna (Atropa belladonna), nodding beggartick (Bidens cernoa), soft rush (Juncus effusus) and Baltic rush (Juncus balticus) (DOE 1998). Recruitment and transport of bedload sediment and LWD, and habitat-forming processes such as channel migration, are naturally limited in this reach. Existing wetland and high flow refugia habitat, particularly in the lower subreach, provides relatively good habitat area. The reach contains approximately 70 acres of hydrologic-associated wetlands. These include high quality waterfowl habitat that support migratory and breeding populations of multiple species. These wetlands are dominantly palustrine emergent systems with some open water areas. The creek has populations of largemouth and small mouth bass, walleye and rainbow trout. ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Fish hatchery development, overwater structures, and small creek crossings, some livestock, or possibly recreation trails between hatchery developments. Potential future residential development at one dwelling unit per 5 acres (du/acre) (rural residential 1) and one du/20 acres (rural remote), as well as potential recreation-related development and recreation usage. Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider grass or riparian vegetation buffer in degraded areas. Evaluate shrub steppe restoration opportunities consistent with WDFW 2011 restoration and protection recommendations Potential Protection Opportunities: Manage nutrient and temperature loading at hatchery to address low dissolved oxygen and other water quality concerns. Maintain existing wetland and floodplain areas to protect habitat and water quality functions. Concentrate livestock and recreation water access.

SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: One residence within floodplain and approximately three other developments outside of jurisdiction boundary and associated unpaved roads. Four creek crossings including Highway 17; no creek crossings were observed south of the highway. Potential residential development at one du/5 acres (rural residential 1) and one du/20 acres (rural remote), as well as potential recreation-related development and recreation usage.

Potential Restoration Opportunities: Evaluate shrub steppe restoration opportunities consistent with WDFW 2011 restoration and protection recommendations

Potential Protection Opportunities: Maintain existing wetland and floodplain areas to protect habitat and

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ROCKY FORD CREEK GRANT COUNTY water quality functions. Any new road crossings should provide sufficient capacity to allow floodplain functions to continue.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider natural or recreation-focused conservancy designation (SR A) and rural conservancy, which would allow for low- density residential development consistent with land use designations and zoning, but also protect habitat functions (SR B).

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: About 54% of Rocky Ford Creek's shoreline is under public ownership and recreational use. Only two public entities, WDFW and WDNR own shoreline in this management area, which constitutes the northernmost and southernmost parts of the shoreline, and a portion of shoreline in the middle of the management area. The southern portion of the shoreline is part of the Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area. Public ownership of shoreline is listed below:

• WDFW – Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area – 274 acres • WDNR – 506 acres The wildlife area on the north side of this management area has water access and footbridge on WDFW owned land. Trout Lodge Road parallels the shoreline on the northern part of Rocky Ford Creek. Several county roads parallel the shoreline where shoreline access is available. SR 17 and Old Moses lake Highway cross the shoreline providing visual access to shoreline. A total of three water accesses are available on WDFW land. Most of the shoreline is unimproved.

Identified Public Access Improvements: Most of the existing facilities are planned to be maintained. No new improvements have been identified.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunities exist for public access improvements in unimproved areas if further developed.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Watershed/Reach level:

• Recreation impacts on habitat functions/conditions • Water quality impacts associated with hatchery and agricultural land uses • Bridge and other structural effects on habitat and ecological processes • Future residential development

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SAND HOLLOW CREEK/SAND HOLLOW WASTEWAY GRANT COUNTY RM 0 to 11.7 Reach Length: 11.7 miles Shoreline Jurisdiction: 614 acres

Description: Sand Hollow Creek/Sand Hollow Wasteway is a narrow canyon/coulee system that drains the Royal Slope portion of the Quincy Columbia Basin Irrigation District.

Subreaches (SR), see Figures 31a, 31b, 31c: SR A: Extends from the Columbia River approximately 16,000 feet east SR B: Extends approximately 37,400 feet to the east. SR C: Extends approximately 8,500 feet to the east.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is mostly private, though small portions of federal (USBR) and State (DNR) parcels are present.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Irrigated agriculture, rangeland, open space, and wildlife area, there is a small part of industrial airport development in SR C.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: SR A: Rural Remote, Irrigated SR B: Irrigated SR C: Irrigated Current SMP environment designation: The confluence portion of SR A has an environment designation of Rural Shoreline

Major Infrastructure: Roads crossings including local roads SR 243 and SR 26 in SR A. Adjacent roads and road crossings, irrigation waste ponds and canals in SR B. Piped creek under developed farm airport, nearby roads and irrigation canals in SR C.

Geomorphic Character: Dunes present at the confluence of Sand Hollow and the Columbia, remainder of SR A includes Columbia River Basalts and Loess. SR B is mostly loess with pockets of Columbia River Basalt; SR C is comprised of Sedimentary Rocks and Deposits.

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SAND HOLLOW CREEK/SAND HOLLOW WASTEWAY GRANT COUNTY Flooding and Geological Hazards: SR A and B are found in the FEMA 100-year floodplain.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: Water quantity is largely dependent on Columbia Basin Project return flows and hyporheic recharge (also from irrigation); therefore peak flows occur in mid-summer. The lowest flows occur when no irrigation occurs in mid-winter.

Water Quality: pH and temperature water quality listings

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The upland areas are consistent with standard shrub steppe habitat. Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) dominates, with bitter brush (Purshia tridentata), parsnip-flowered eriogonum (Eriogonum heracleoides), and gray ball sage (Salvia dorrii) as secondary species, bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum) occurs on the hillsides of the canyon. Riparian areas are limited even though seeps along the upper reaches and high flows occur through the summer. A 1999 survey for fish resources found rainbow trout, longnose suckers, cottids, largescale suckers, bridgelip suckers. During the non-irrigation season, Chinook and steelhead are routinely observed within SR A, just upstream of the backwater wetland near the confluence. During the summer, high flows appear to preclude fish use throughout the creek. Channel migration potential is fairly limited due to the basalt geology and steep slopes of the canyon. Minor flow alterations from localized rock fall may occur (WSDOT, 2006).

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Informal recreation, adjacent highways, road crossings, irrigated agricultural fields further landward within uplands Potential Stressors: Rural Remote allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acre Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider grass or riparian vegetation buffer in degraded areas. Evaluate shrub steppe restoration opportunities consistent with WDFW 2011 restoration recommendations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Maintain existing wetland areas to protect habitat and water quality functions. Protect shrub steppe areas from fragmentation from further roads and trails. Concentrate recreation water access.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural Conservancy

SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning

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SAND HOLLOW CREEK/SAND HOLLOW WASTEWAY GRANT COUNTY Stressors: Irrigated agriculture, livestock use, Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington stormwater manual.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural Conservancy

SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Irrigated agriculture, industrial farm airport (piped segment of stream) Potential Stressors: Expansion of airport Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington stormwater manual.

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural Conservancy

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: Informal public access points around backwater wetland within SR A with informal pull-off along SR 26 and one pull-off along SR 243.

Identified Public Access Improvements: None

Potential Public Access Opportunities: None

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion associated with agricultural land uses • Water quality impacts associated with agricultural land uses and airport development • Structural effects on habitat through road and trail fragmentation • Channelization impacts

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UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Reach 1/RM 43 to 31 Reach Length: 12 miles County Boundary to Brook Lake Shoreline Jurisdiction: 1,170 acres

Description: Upper Crab Creek between the eastern border of Grant County to Brook Lake; does not include areas within the Krupp or Wilson Creek UGAs. Subreaches (SR), see Figures 29a, 29b: SR A: Begins at Brook Lake and extends approximately 32,000 feet east SR B: Extends 27,000 feet east SR C: Extends 8,500 feet east PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is private; much of the reach is owned by four major landowners.

Existing Land Cover/Development: Dominantly agricultural throughout; irrigated crop and grazing. Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Dryland, 227 acres; irrigated, 587 acres; rangeland, 356 acres • Current SMP environment designation: rural Major Infrastructure: Road and railroad crossings, including State Highway 28 crossings

Geomorphic Character: The channel is ditched and channelized through the reach. Between approximately RM 42 and 38, it appears the channel floods the valley. WDFW has indicated this could be caused by operations from an instream check structure (2012a). The valley bottom is composed primarily of stream alluvium flanked by outburst flood deposits and occasional bedrock outcrops, particularly upstream of Wilson Creek. Hardened banks: Levees and armored banks are likely common throughout the reach where the channel flows adjacent to fields and infrastructure. No significant hardened banks were observed during aerial photo inspection. CMZ Characterization: Upper Crab Creek Reach 1 extends from RM 43 to 31, approximately from the Town of

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UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Krupp boundary downstream to Brook Lake. Throughout Reach 1, Upper Crab Creek flows through an alluvial and bedrock valley through much of its extent, and the CMZ is limited by the railroad and State Highway 28 alignment along both the north and south side of the channel. In Subreach 1c (most upstream Subreach), the stream flows through flood deposits, alluvium and bed rock. Land use is mostly agriculture along the channel margins. Throughout the Subreach, the channel is narrow and incised with a narrow floodway. Bed rock defines the right bank CMZ through a portion of the Subreach 1c. At the downstream extent of Subreach 1c, a railroad alignment and Highway 28 limit migration to the south and define the CMZ boundary. In Subreach 1b, the CMZ widens as the valley widens and the stream flows through large ponded features. The thalweg appears to be confined to a distinct canal throughout the Subreach with flows overtopping and inundating wider floodplain areas. Subreach 1a extends downstream to Brook Lake. The highway and railroad make numerous crossings of the channel along this Subreach. The railroad is aligned immediately adjacent to the left bank for a large segment of the Subreach, limiting the CMZ along the left bank. Wetland areas are associated with floodplain area throughout a large segment of this Subreach. Bedrock basalt along the southern valley margin defines the CMZ at downstream extent of Subreach 1a. Flooding and Geological Hazards: Much of the valley bottom is within the mapped FEMA 100-year floodplain. Alluvial valley soils are typically designated as moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility. A minor amount of steep slopes along valley walls are present that present steep slope hazards and increase soil erodibility.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: The contributing drainage area to the reach is relatively large, approximately 1800 square miles. This reach is not regulated, however there are some irrigation diversions and increased groundwater well withdrawals upstream. A major inflow into this reach is Wilson Creek. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the stream during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There is a 303d listing for dissolved oxygen and a 305b water of concern listing for pH. Low summer flows combined with high summer temperatures likely contribute to water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: The riparian zone is primarily agricultural, with mostly low-growing species occurring along the creek. In many places, the agricultural footprint adjoins the creek. The uplands are scrub-shrub with agricultural components in nearby large patches. Approximately 200 acres of wetland habitat are present, mostly palustrine emergent, with small patches of riverine and pond wetlands (NWI). This portion of Crab Creek contains brown and rainbow trout, as well as largemouth bass and mountain whitefish. Waterfowl concentrations are present near RM 43, and white pelican has been spotted along this reach. Washington ground squirrel, ring-necked pheasant, and mule deer are present in the upland habitats nearby. There are no known rare plants in the area.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Weirs, road and railroad crossings, nearby paved and dirt roads and railroad tracks, irrigated agricultural fields Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream

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UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Weirs, irrigated agricultural fields, railroad crossing Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields Potential Restoration Opportunities: Grass or woody planting strips in between agricultural fields and stream Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Rural conservancy

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: The railroad and SR 28 cross and parallel the shoreline for some portions of this area. Several County roads also cross and parallel the shoreline area. Shoreline in this management area is entirely under private ownership and is mostly used for agricultural purposes.

Identified Public Access Improvements: No specific public access improvement plan has been identified for this management area.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Opportunity is limited to due current private ownership and the current rangeland and agriculture land uses.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Water quality impacts associated with agricultural land uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation • Channelization impacts

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UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Reach 2/RM 28.5 to 0 Reach Length: 28.5 miles Brook Lake to Moses Lake Shoreline Jurisdiction: 3,138 acres

Description: Upper Crab Creek from Moses Lake to Brook Lake Subreaches (SR), see Figures 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d: SR A: Extends from Moses Lake approximately 17,200 feet north SR B: Extends approximately 21,000 feet to the north SR C: Extends approximately 17,700 feet to the northwest SR D: Extends approximately 54,000 feet to the north SR E: Extends approximately 56,000 feet to the northeast PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ownership: Ownership is a combination of private and public, including state (WDFW) and federal (USBR).

Existing Land Cover/Development: Irrigated agriculture, rangeland, open space, and wildlife area dominate RM 29 to 4. At RM 4 there is a shift to rural residential up to RM 0.

Land Use/Current SMP: Land use designation: • Agricultural Service Center, 0.5 acres; irrigated, 380 acres; Port of Moses Lake, 8 acres; rangeland, 876 acres; rural remote, 1,096 acres; rural residential 1, 403 acres; rural residential 2, 375 acres Current SMP environment designation: rural

Major Infrastructure: Railroad and road crossings, including State Highway 28 crossing, public water access, wildlife area, transmission line crossings, public water systems, refined petroleum pipeline crossing, CBP canal crossings, weirs and rock structures

Geomorphic Character: Channel character is variable through this reach. In Subreach 1, the channel is highly confined throughout. In the upper subreach, the channel is confined and incised into outburst flood deposits. Downstream of approximately RM 21 the channel is located through bedrock canyons in a step- pool configuration with several ephemeral sections and ponded areas (Willow Lakes, Gloyd Seeps area). In Subreach 2 the channel is located through an alternating alluvial floodplain and bedrock plateau with a vast

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Appendix B

UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY wetland complex throughout. The channel is relatively dynamic and able to migrate through the alluvial areas and confined within the bedrock sections. The channel becomes wider and backwater-influenced approaching Moses Lake. A current proposal by the USBR will convert the reach to a supplemental feed route to Potholes Reservoir (USBR 2007). This action will significantly increase base and annual high flows to approximately 100 and 650 cfs, respectively. Hardened banks: None identified during aerial photo inspection, but there may be hardened banks in developed areas from RM 0.5 to 4 and local armor associated with road crossings. CMZ Characterization: Upper Crab Creek Reach 2 extends from RM 28.5 (downstream of Brook Lake) to RM 0 (Moses Lake). Downstream of Brook Lake (Subreach 2e), the CMZ is limited by the bedrock valley margins. Infrastructure limiting migration includes a railroad alignment along the southern valley margin and Highway 28 alignment. The railroad crosses the stream channel at two locations. The East Low Irrigation canal crosses under the creek via a syphon. The valley and floodplain are narrow where the channel is wholly located in a bedrock basalt valley. The Crab Creek alignment shifts to the south (from a generally east-west alignment) downstream of the unincorporated area of Adrian. In this area, the channel lies within a bedrock valley for part of its extents. The CMZ is defined by these bedrock extents and the valley topography downstream to the Subreaches 2e and 2d boundary. In Subreaches 2d and 2c, the stream is flowing south, in a predominately bedrock and alluvial valley with large wetland complexes. The stream flows through some lake and wetland complexes such as Willow Lake (Subreach 2d). Bedrock valley margins define the CMZ along Subreach segments. The channel flows through bedrock in parts of Subreaches 2d and 2c. Little infrastructure is present that limits channel migration throughout Subreaches 2d and 2c. In Subreach 2b, the stream continuous to flow through ponded/impounded areas that coincide with large wetland complexes in a bedrock and alluvial valley. Where exposed, bedrock outcrops limits migration throughout Subreach 2b. In the lower extents of this Subreach, bedrock is exposed along both banks. The CMZ is defined by topography and bedrock boundaries. In Subreach 2a, the stream flows into the urban area of the City of Moses Lake. Roadways and buildings are located along the channel margins and throughout the valley with the right bank floodplain extensively developed throughout this urban Subreach. The CMZ is limited by development, roadway and bridge crossings.

Flooding and Geological Hazards: Currently the mapped FEMA floodplain area is primarily confined to the ordinary high water inundation area due to the confined valley conditions; locally wide or flat areas extend into irrigated fields and areas of open space. The USBR feed route proposal would increase the annual high flows in the reach, extending the ordinary high water level inundation outside of the currently mapped FEMA floodplain in some areas, most noticeably in Subreach 2. Severe erodible soils exist throughout the reach where thin soils mantle bedrock, which moderate level soils in areas composed of outburst flood deposits. Minor areas with high liquefaction susceptibility exist where alluvial deposits are present.

REACH CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS Water Quantity and Sediment: This reach receives water from Brook Lake which can receive water from Billy Clapp Lake and can be used as a feed route for the Columbia Basin Project. It also receives water from Rocky Coulee Wasteway, another feed route for the Columbia Basin Project. This reach also appears to have

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Appendix B

UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY losses and gains through groundwater which affects the surface water quantity throughout the reach. Fine sediment inputs are likely transported to the stream during severe rain events.

Water Quality: There are 303d listings for pH throughout the reach and a 303d listing for temperature in Subreach 2. There is also a 305b water of concern listing for pH in the Subreach 1. High nutrient levels and high summer temperatures combined with little riparian vegetation likely contribute to water quality issues.

Habitat Characteristics and PHS Species Presence: Riparian zones in this reach consist of either low growing shrubs/grasses in the shrub-scrub environment or wetland vegetation where wetlands are present. The wetlands extend widely across the floodplain in some areas and are often directly adjacent to agricultural areas. Uplands adjacent to the creek here are mostly agricultural with some shrub-scrub, within the rural residential context. There are approximately 7,600 acres of wetland habitat in this each (NWI), almost all freshwater emergent, except riverine areas adjacent to the creek, and ponds in the lower RMs. There are also patches of riverine wetlands in narrower creek areas. Rare plants are not found in this reach. Channel migration is generally unlimited and a large floodplain is available. Waterfowl concentrations are prevalent in the southern RMs, 11 through 18, associated with the wetlands in the area. Rare birds and frogs have been spotted here, including white pelican and bald eagle. Mule deer, mink, and shrub-steppe birds such as ring-necked pheasant also occur in this reach. Fish species include rainbow and brown trout, walleye, and large- and smallmouth bass.

ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS (BY SUBREACH) SUBREACH A Level of Existing Function: Impaired Stressors: Residential development with little riparian buffer, exotic species (Russian-olive) where riparian patches exist, road crossing (at subreach break), irrigated agricultural fields Potential Stressors: Rural residential 2 zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 2.5 acres; many lots have already been subdivided for future development Potential Restoration Opportunities: Remove invasive riparian trees and replace with native species. Improve riparian conditions on undeveloped parcels. Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. Evaluate opportunities to improve riparian vegetation and landscape maintenance practices during redevelopment or through land owner incentive and education programs. SUBREACH B Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agriculture, livestock use, a few residential development lots at south end of subreach Potential Stressors: Rural remote zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres and rural residential 2

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Appendix B

UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 2.5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider landowner incentive programs to increase riparian or grass filter strip buffers between agricultural land use and the shoreline Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit livestock and off-road vehicle access outside of the riparian buffer. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH C Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agriculture, livestock use, dirt roads including a water access road/trail Potential Stressors: Rural residential 1 zoning (southern portion of subreach) allows for one dwelling unit per 5 acres; rural remote zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres; and rural residential 2 zoning allows for one dwelling unit per 2.5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider landowner incentive programs to increase riparian or grass filter strip buffers between agricultural land use and the shoreline. Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Potential Protection Opportunities: Limit livestock and off-road vehicle access outside of the riparian buffer. Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual. SUBREACH D Level of Existing Function: Functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields at north and south end of subreach, dirt roads nearby and within shoreline boundary, water access roads Potential Stressors: Rural remote zoning (within northern portion of subreach) allows for one dwelling unit per 20 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: None Potential Protection Opportunities: Shrub steppe protection consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations. Monitor shorelines periodically and evaluate measures needed if water access impacts appear.

SUBREACH E Level of Existing Function: Partially functioning Stressors: Irrigated agricultural fields, nearby roads and railroads, road and railroad crossings including a highway crossing Potential Stressors: Rural residential 1 zoning (southern portion of subreach) allows for one dwelling unit per 5 acres Potential Restoration Opportunities: Consider landowner incentive programs to increase riparian or grass filter strip buffers between agricultural land use and the shoreline. Shrub steppe restoration consistent with WDFW 2011 recommendations.

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Appendix B

UPPER CRAB CREEK GRANT COUNTY Potential Protection Opportunities: Stormwater controls consistent with Eastern Washington Stormwater manual

Preliminary Shoreline Environment Designation Considerations: Allow for existing uses and planned land uses, while protecting natural functions and providing recreation access. Consider rural conservancy.

PUBLIC ACCESS Existing Public Access: The east-west stretch of the shoreline from Brook Lake parallels the rail line west of Stratford and is mostly under private ownership. Public ownership and recreational land constitutes about 54% of the shoreline area. The north-south stretch of the shoreline from the Stratford to Moses Lake is owned primarily by WDFW and USBR. WDNR also owns land in this shoreline area. This management area is partly within the North Columbia Basin Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Recreation area, between Moses Lake and Stratford. Public ownership of shoreline is listed below:

• USBR – 427 acres • WDFW – Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Area – 1,271.42 acres • WDNR – 1 acre County roads cross the shoreline in multiple locations. The north-south segment of the shoreline has multiple shoreline accesses from county roads. Gloyd Seeps Wildlife Recreation area has multiple sites for campground near Roads 7, 10, 12, 14, and 16 (WDFW 2012b).

Identified Public Access Improvements: Most of the existing facilities are planned to be maintained. No new improvements have been identified.

Potential Public Access Opportunities: Limited opportunity exists for public access improvement due to fish, wildlife and habitat protection . Opportunity is also limited for public access due to the rail corridor on the east-west stretch of the shoreline.

CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS Cumulative Impact Considerations: Watershed level: The SMP has limited influence on CBP operations. Reach level:

• Vegetation alterations removing organic material and increasing soil erosion • Water quality impacts associated with agricultural land uses • Structural effects on habitat through road fragmentation

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Appendix B

4 REFERENCES BLM (Bureau of Land Management), 2009. “Montana/Dakotas: Public Access to Public Lands.” U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved from http://www.blm.gov/mt/st/en/prog/lands_realty/access.html

BioAnalysts, Inc. 2006. Crab Creek Instream and Riparian Habitat Assessment and Restoration Plan. Prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. July 2006.

CNWR (Columbia National Wildlife Refuge), 2011. Columbia National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan. Available at: http://www.fws.gov/columbia/documents/ccp/final-ccp.pdf.

Ecology, (Washington State Department of Ecology), 1998. Rocky Ford Creek TMDL Study. Publication No. 98-326. Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA. September 1998.

Ecology, 1999. Sun Lakes Trophic Status Assessment Study. March 1999.

FERC (U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission), 2012. Errata Notice to Public Utility District No. 2 of Grant County: “Order Modifying And Approving In Part Amendments to Articles 418 and 419.” February 14, 2012.

Fitzgerald, G., 2006. Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan. Prepared for Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

Grant County Public Utility District, 2010. Priest Rapids Project. Letter to: Kimberly D. Bose, Secretary, FERC. Available at: http://www.gcpud.org/pudDocuments/naturalResourcesDocs/LA418PrpRrmpAmend mentletter022610.pdf

KWA Ecological Sciences, 2004. Crab Creek Subbasin Plan. May 2004.

ncwportal, 2008. Summer Falls State Park. Retrieved from http://ncwportal.com/grant/parks/summer_falls_state_park. July 16, 2012.

NPS (National Park Service), 2009. Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Shoreline Management Plan/Environmental Assessment. U.S. Department of the Interior. Coulee Dam, Washington. September 2009.

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Appendix B

USBR (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation), 2001. Banks Lake Resource Management Plan. Grant County, Washington. July 2001.

USBR, 2002. Potholes Reservoir Resource Management Plan. Grant County, Washington. Prepared for U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region and Upper Columbia Area Office.

USBR, 2007. Potholes Reservoir Supplemental Feed Route Draft Environmental Assessment. April 2007.WDFW (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife), 2005. Lands 20/20: A Clear Vision for the Future. Olympia, Washington. July 2005.

USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), 2008. Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Final EIS. August 2008.

USFWS, 2010. Hanford Reach National Monument Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Final EIS Update.

WDFW, 2006. Columbia Basin Wildlife Area Management Plan. Wildlife Management Program, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Olympia, Washington.

WDFW, 2010. Gloyd Seeps Unit. Retrieved from: http://wdfw.wa.gov/lands/wildlife_areas/columbia_basin/access_sites.php#gloyd_seep s. June 11, 2012.

WDFW 2012a. Letter from Eric Pentico to Ben Floyd of Anchor QEA: Grant County Inventory, Analysis and Characterization Report Comments, dated November 28, 2012.

WDFW, 2012b. Gloyd Seeps Unit Map. Available at: http://wdfw.wa.gov/webmaps/gohunt/wildlife_area_pdf/wlau_gloyd_seeps.pdf

WSDOT, 2006. Reach and Site Assessment for SR 26, Milepost 1.5, Sand Hollow Wasteway Truck Climbing Lane Erosion Project, Grant County, Washington. September 2006.

Final Draft Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report June 2013 Grant County Shoreline Master Program Update 150 110827-01.01

FIGURES

Okanogan Ferry

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County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

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High Water Mark, and Including

Associated Wetlands

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County Boundary II

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:10 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 1 Columbia River, Reach 1, Environment Designations

Grant County Shoreline Master Program

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Subreach 2a Low Intensity

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[

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DRAFT Map 2a

Subreach 2b Subreach 2b Columbia River, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA II II

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DRAFT Map 2b Columbia River, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

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[ Feet

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DRAFT Map 2c Columbia River, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

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II [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:38:19 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 2d Columbia River, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

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DRAFT Map 3a Columbia River, Reach 3, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

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DRAFT Map 3b Columbia River, Reach 3, Environment Designations

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DRAFT Map 3c Columbia River, Reach 3, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA II

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County Boundary [ Feet II 0 3,700 7,400 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:03 6/24/2013

DRAFT SubreachSubreach 3c3c Map 4 Columbia River, Reach 4, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan II Ferry Chelan

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Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks SADDLE MOUNTAIN I LAKE Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

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DRAFT Map 5 Columbia River, Reach 5, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation II Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - Low Intensity

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Subreach 1c I I I Reach/Subreach Breaks CRESCENT BAY I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

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ROOSEVELT LAKE [ Feet 0 970 1,940 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:19 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 6 Crescent Bay and Roosevelt Lake, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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County Boundary

[ Feet 0 4,800 9,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:29 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 7a Banks and Associated Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

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Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

BANKS LAKE [ Feet 0 4,800 9,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:36 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 7b Banks and Associated Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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BANKS LAKE County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility THOMPSON LAKE Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 4,800 9,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:46 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 7c Banks and Associated Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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County Environment Designation BANKS High Intensity - Public Facility LAKE Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

OSBORN Rural Conservancy BAY LAKE BAY LAKE Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

THOMPSON COFFEE [ LAKE LAKE Feet 0 4,800 9,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:43:53 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 7d Banks and Associated Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

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County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

COFFEE LAKE [ Feet 0 2,400 4,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:44:02 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 8 Coffee and Long Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan ¤£97 I Douglas Lincoln

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BLUE High Intensity - Public Facility I LAKE I Natural SubreachSubreach 1a1a Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

SubreachSubreach 1c1c

SubreachSubreach 1f1f Urban Conservancy

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IReach/Subreach Breaks

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High Water Mark, and Including

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I I Incorporated City

County Boundary

SubreachSubreach 1e1e [ Feet 0 1,800 3,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:44:14 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 9 Sun Lakes: Blue Lake, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas LENORE Lincoln LAKE

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

LITTLE Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: SOAP 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary LAKE High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,800 3,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:16 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 10a Sun Lakes: Other Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

ALKALI Yakima Franklin LAKE Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks LENORE I LAKE Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,800 3,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:21 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 10b Sun Lakes: Other Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln BANKS LAKE

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural DRY FALLS Public Recreation Conservancy LAKE Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I DEEP LAKE I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 2,400 4,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:26 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 10c Sun Lakes: Other Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin

Benton [

Subreach 1a

I PARK I II LAKE County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy SubreachSubreach 1b1b Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

IReach/Subreach Breaks I I I Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands BLUE LAKE Incorporated City

County Boundary

I I

SubreachSubreach 1a1a [ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:31 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 11 Sun Lakes: Park Lake, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant SOAP 90 LAKE ¨¦§ Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:35 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 12 Soap Lake, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln UN-NAMED RESERVOIR IN T24-0N R28-0E S27

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural

BILLY CLAPP LAKE Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

I I I BROOK I LAKE [ LAKE Feet I 0 3,900 7,800

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:41 6/24/2013 I Subreach 1a DRAFT Map 13 Reservoirs along Main Canal, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

BILLY ¤£97 CLAPP LAKE Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

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II Yakima Franklin Benton [

Subreach 1a I Subreach 2e Subreach Subreach 2e Subreach I I I County Environment Designation ROUND LAKE High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T22-0NT22-0N Recreation R29-0E S23 Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy

I II I II IReach/Subreach Breaks Subreach 2d Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary SAND COULEE High Water Mark, and Including SIPHON Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

Subreach 2d Subreach 2d

I I [ Feet II 0 7,000 14,000 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:47 6/24/2013

Subreach 2c DRAFT Map 14 II Small Lakes South of Wilson Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

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Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy EPHRATA EPHRATA I LAKE I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary ROCKY FORD High Water Mark, and Including CREEK (LAKE Associated Wetlands -- SOUTH)SOUTH) Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:53 6/24/2013

SubreachSubreach 1a 1a DRAFT Map 15

Ephrata Lake and Rocky Ford Lake, Environment Designations

Grant County Shoreline Master Program I I Grant County, WA II

II

Subreach 1b Subreach 1b

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln II WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

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Yakima Franklin I II I Subreach 1c Benton [

County Environment Designation II High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

Subreach 1b Rural Conservancy Subreach 1b Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy

I SubreachSubreach 1c1c I

IReach/Subreach Breaks

I

I Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction:

SubreachSubreach 1a1a Subreach 3d200 feet from Mapped Ordinary I I I I I High Water Mark, and Including II Associated Wetlands MOSES

LAKE

Incorporated City

I

I I I Subreach 2a SubreachSubreach 2b2b County Boundary SubreachSubreach 2c2c

SubreachSubreach 2d2d II Subreach 2e II [ Feet

SubreachSubreach0 3c 3c 4,300 8,600

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:36:59 6/24/2013 SubreachSubreach 2f2f I I

DRAFT SubreachSubreach 2g 2g Map 16 Moses Lake, Reach 1, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program

Grant County,I I WA II

I I

Okanogan Ferry

I

SubreachSubreach 1a1a I Subreach 3d Chelan

I I I I I II I ¤£97 Douglas

Lincoln

I

I I I Subreach 2a SubreachSubreach 2b2b SubreachSubreach 2c2c MOSES WASHINGTON LAKE Subreach 2d Grant Subreach 2d II 90 Subreach 2e ¨¦§ Kittitas II Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

SubreachSubreach 3c 3c

SubreachSubreach 2f2f County Environment Designation I I I High Intensity - Public Facility Subreach 2g Subreach 2g Natural II Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy

II Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

II Low Intensity Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary

High Water Mark, and Including

I I Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

Subreach 2h Subreach 2h

County Boundary

I I SubreachSubreach 3b 3b

POTHOLES

RESERVOIR Subreach 3a [

I I Feet 0 3,800 7,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:07 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 17 Moses Lake, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II

I I

I I I I Okanogan

Ferry

I Chelan

I Subreach 3d ¤£97 I I II Douglas Lincoln

Subreach 2a Subreach 2a I

I I I Subreach 2b Subreach 2b WASHINGTON SubreachSubreach 2c2c Grant ¨¦§90 SubreachSubreach 2d2d II Subreach 2e Kittitas

Adams

II

I Yakima Franklin I Benton I I [ MOSES LAKE SubreachSubreach 3c 3c

County Environment Designation

SubreachSubreach 2f2f High Intensity - Public Facility I I I Natural SubreachSubreach 2g 2g Public Recreation Conservancy II Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

II Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

II Urban Conservancy I I

IReach/Subreach Breaks I

I Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including

Associated Wetlands

I I Incorporated City

Subreach 2h Subreach 2h County Boundary SubreachSubreach 3c 3c

II

I I SubreachSubreach 3b 3b

POTHOLES RESERVOIR Subreach 3a [

Feet I

I 0 3,800 7,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:17 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 18 Moses Lake, Reach 3, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

UN-NAMED LAKE UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T18-0NT18-0N UN-NAMED LAKE County Environment Designation IN T18-0N R26-0E S11 IN T18-0N R26-0E S14 High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T18-0NT18-0N I R26-0E S15 I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,800 3,600 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:24 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19a Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

WINCHESTER Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: LAKES 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:28 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19b Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy HIAWATHA Shoreline Residential LAKE

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:35 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19c Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II II

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T18-0NT18-0N R26-0E S36 WASHINGTON UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T18-0NT18-0N Grant R27-0E S31 ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility WINCHESTER WASTEWAY Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy UN-NAMED LAKE Shoreline Residential ININ T17-0NT17-0N

R27-0E S05 Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

FRENCHMAN HILLS WASTEWAY [ Feet 0 1,900 3,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:42 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19d Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T18-0NT18-0N Natural R25-0E S31 UN-NAMED LAKE Public Recreation Conservancy ININ T17-0NT17-0N R25-0E S04 Recreation Rural Conservancy SAND LAKE Shoreline Residential UN-NAMED LAKE

UN-NAMED LAKE Shoreline Residential - ININ T17-0NT17-0N

Low Intensity

R26-0E S07

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary

High Water Mark, and Including

Associated Wetlands

I

I Incorporated City I I County Boundary I Subreach 1c Subreach 1c [ Feet 0 5,900 11,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:49 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19e Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation CRATER High Intensity - Public Facility LAKE Natural Public Recreation Conservancy BABCOCK Recreation RIDGE LAKE Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:54 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19f Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural

MARTHA Public Recreation Conservancy LAKE Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:37:59 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 19g Quincy Basin Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

ANCIENT Chelan LAKE STAN COFFIN ¤£97 LAKE Douglas Lincoln

QUINCY LAKE FLAT DUSTY FLAT LAKE LAKE LAKE WASHINGTON BURKE LAKE Grant ¨¦§90 EVERGREEN Kittitas RESERVOIR Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

HILLTOP LAKE [ Feet 0 3,900 7,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:38:24 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 20 Potholes Coulee and Frenchman Coulee Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II II

Subreach 3c Okanogan Subreach 3c Ferry

SubreachSubreach 2f2f Chelan I I

SubreachSubreach 2g 2g I ¤£97 II Douglas

Lincoln I HIAWATHA I LAKE II MOSES LAKE WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90

KittitasI I

Adams I I

Subreach 2h Subreach 2h

SubreachSubreach 3c 3c

I I Yakima Franklin

Benton I [ I SubreachSubreach 3b 3b

Subreach 3a

County Environment Designation I

I High Intensity - Public Facility Natural POTHOLES Public Recreation Conservancy RESERVOIR Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy

I II I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary

High Water Mark, and Including

Associated Wetlands

WINCHESTER I Incorporated City WASTEWAY I UN-NAMED LAKE

ININ T17-0NT17-0N County Boundary

R27-0E S05 I

I I

Subreach 2a FRENCHMAN HILLS CORRAL WASTEWAY LAKE [ Feet 0 5,900 11,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:38:40 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 21 Potholes Reservoir, Reach 1, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

I I

I I

Subreach 2h Subreach 2h

SubreachSubreach 3c 3c

I I Okanogan Ferry I MOSESI

LAKE SubreachSubreach 3b 3b Chelan

¤£97 Subreach 3a Douglas

Lincoln I I

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin II Benton [

County Environment Designation

High Intensity - Public Facility

Natural

POTHOLES Subreach 2b I

RESERVOIR I Public Recreation Conservancy

Subreach 1a Subreach I Subreach 1a Subreach I Recreation Rural ConservancyI

I Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential - I I Low Intensity

Subreach 2a Urban Conservancy I CORRAL I CORRAL MARSH SODA LAKE LAKE UNIT ONE LAKE BLYTHE SUSAN Reach/Subreach Breaks CHUKAR LAKECHUKAR LAKE LAKE I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including UPPER Associated Wetlands GOOSE LAKE HAMPTONLONG LAKE LAKE Incorporated City NORTH (SOUTH)(SOUTH) LOWER HAMPTON GOOSE LAKE HAMPTON County Boundary LAKE SOUTH

[ Feet 0 5,900 11,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:38:50 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 22 Potholes Reservoir, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

II

Subreach 1b Subreach Subreach 1b Subreach

WASHINGTON

Grant

¨¦§90

Subreach 2b Kittitas

I I I

I Adams

Subreach 1a Subreach I POTHOLES 1a Subreach I RESERVOIR I

I Franklin Yakima

I Benton [

WARDEN I LAKE I LAKE

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility CORRAL MARSH SODA LAKE UNIT ONE LAKE Natural BLYTHE SUSAN SOUTH LAKECHUKAR LAKE WARDEN Public Recreation Conservancy LAKE LAKE Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential UPPER Shoreline Residential -

GOOSE LAKE HAMPTON Low Intensity

LAKE WINDMILL

NORTH HEART LAKE Urban Conservancy LAKE LONG LAKE I LOWER LONG LAKE I HAMPTON GOOSE LAKE HAMPTON (SOUTH)(SOUTH) CRESCENT LAKE SOUTH CANAL LAKE NORTH LAKE NORTH Reach/Subreach Breaks TEAL LAKE UN-NAMED LAKE SOUTH PIT ININ T17-0NT17-0N I TEAL LAKELAKESR29-0E S34 Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 5,900 11,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:38:58 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 23 Drumheller Channels Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation LENICE Rural Conservancy NUNNALLY LAKE LAKE Shoreline Residential Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I I I I BURKETT I LAKE Reach/Subreach Breaks I SubreachSubreach 1e1e I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction:

SubreachSubreach 1f1f 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary I High Water Mark, and Including I Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 3,250 6,500 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:06 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 24a Lakes North of Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [ SAND HOLLOW LAKE

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I

I

BOBBY I I LAKE I Reach/Subreach Breaks

II I I Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: I 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment Designations County Mapbook.mxd lhudson 6/24/2013 10:39:11 AM Environment - County Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:11 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 24b Lakes North of Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

RED Rural Conservancy ROCK LAKE Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

I I I

I Subreach 1a I I [ Feet 0 1,800 3,600 SubreachSubreach 1b1b Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:19 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 24c Lakes North of Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

SubreachSubreach 3b3b Yakima Franklin Benton [

UN-NAMED LAKE ININ T15-0NT15-0N R23-0E S28 County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:26 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 25a Lower Grant County Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

I

I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy

SADDLE Recreation MOUNTAIN LAKE Rural Conservancy

Shoreline Residential I

Shoreline Residential - I

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I SADDLE I MOUNTAIN WASTEWAY IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 3,600 7,200 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:30 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 25b Lower Grant County Lakes, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation Subreach 1b High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

Rural Conservancy

WARDEN I Shoreline Residential I LAKE Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

II SOUTH Urban Conservancy WARDEN WARDEN I LAKE I

Reach/Subreach Breaks

Subreach1a Subreach1a I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

II I I [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 POTHOLES

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:44 6/24/2013 RESERVOIR

DRAFT Map 26a Lind Coulee, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

Subreach 1b [

Feet I 0I 2,900 5,800

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:39:55 6/24/2013 II DRAFT Map 26b Lind Coulee, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:05 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 26c Lind Coulee, Environment Designations

Grant County Shoreline Master Program

Grant County, WA

I I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:22 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 27a Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program

Grant County, WA

I I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

RED ROCK Franklin Subreach 1a Yakima

LAKE Subreach 1a

Benton [

I I County Environment Designation I High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

Rural Conservancy

Subreach 1b Subreach Subreach 1b Subreach Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

I I Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: I 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary I High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

Subreach 1c Subreach 1c [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:31 6/24/2013

I I DRAFT II Map 27b Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA I

Subreach 1c Subreach 1c

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

I I ¤£97 II Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Subreach 1d

Subreach 1d Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

SAND County Boundary HOLLOW LAKE

[ I

I Feet I 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:38 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 27c Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II

II

I I I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant 90 BOBBY ¨¦§ LAKE Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation LENICE High Intensity - Public Facility LAKE Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation

Rural Conservancy

Subreach 1e Subreach Subreach 1e Subreach Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks NUNNALLY LAKE I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary II High Water Mark, and Including II Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

Subreach 1f Subreach Subreach 1f Subreach

BURKETT [ LAKE Feet 0 2,900 5,800

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:46 6/24/2013 II I DRAFT Map 27d Lower Crab Creek, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas

Lincoln

SubreachSubreach 1a 1a

I I WASHINGTON

Grant II ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

Subreach 1b Subreach 1b

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

I III [ Subreach 1c Feet MOSES 0 2,600 5,200 LAKE Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:40:56 6/24/2013

DRAFT II Map 28 Rocky Ford Creek , Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA II

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

I £97 I ¤ Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant II ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction:

SubreachSubreach 1a 1a 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

II II [ Feet BROOK 0 2,900 5,800 LAKE Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:41:09 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 29a Upper Crab Creek, Reach 1, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant I ¨¦§90

Subreach 1c Kittitas Adams

Yakima Franklin

Benton [

I I

II County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy

Subreach 1b Subreach

Subreach 1b Subreach I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [

Feet

0 2,900 5,800

I Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:41:24 6/24/2013 I

DRAFT Map 29b Upper Crab Creek, Reach 1, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II

I I

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

Subreach 2b Subreach 2b WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural

Public Recreation Conservancy I II I Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks Subreach 2a Subreach 2a I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

I I I

I [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 MOSES

Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:41:56 6/24/2013 LAKE

DRAFT Map 30a Upper Crab Creek, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA II

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant 90 Subreach 2d Subreach 2d ¨¦§ Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility

Natural

Public Recreation Conservancy I I Recreation II Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks Subreach 2c I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction:

200 feet from Mapped Ordinary

High Water Mark, and Including

Associated Wetlands

I II I Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Subreach 2b Subreach 2b Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:09 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 30b Upper Crab Creek, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II I

Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy II Recreation II Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I

Reach/Subreach Breaks Subreach 2d I

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary

[ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:16 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 30c

Upper Crab Creek, ReachSubreach 2d 2, Environment Designations Subreach 2d Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II II

II Okanogan II Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

BROOK LAKE WASHINGTON

Grant

¨¦§90

Kittitas I I Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy

ROUND Shoreline Residential

LAKE Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Subreach 2e Subreach 2e Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:34 6/24/2013

DRAFT I Map 30d Upper Crab Creek, Reach 2, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

II ¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Subreach 1a Subreach 1a Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ II Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:40 6/24/2013

DRAFT I Map 31a Sand Hollow, Reach 1a, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

I I

Okanogan II Ferry Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity Subreach 1b Subreach 1b

Urban Conservancy I I IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ Feet 0 2,900 5,800 II Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:50 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 31b Sand Hollow, Reach 1b, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program

Grant County, WA

I I Okanogan Ferry

Chelan

¤£97 Douglas Lincoln

WASHINGTON

I I Grant ¨¦§90 Kittitas

Adams

Yakima Franklin Benton [

County Environment Designation Subreach 1c Subreach 1c High Intensity - Public Facility Natural Public Recreation Conservancy Recreation Rural Conservancy Shoreline Residential

Shoreline Residential -

Low Intensity

Urban Conservancy I I II IReach/Subreach Breaks

Extent of Shoreline Jurisdiction: 200 feet from Mapped Ordinary High Water Mark, and Including Associated Wetlands

Incorporated City

County Boundary [ Feet 0 1,400 2,800 Q:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County - Environment - CountyAMQ:\Jobs\110827-01.01_Grant_County_SMP\Maps\Environment_Designations\Grant_County Designations Mapbook.mxd lhudson 10:42:57 6/24/2013

DRAFT Map 31c Sand Hollow, Reach 1c, Environment Designations Grant County Shoreline Master Program Grant County, WA

II