DOCSLIB.ORG

City of Salem Municipal Street Tree Assessment Project - Pilot Program

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
City of Salem Municipal Street Tree Assessment Project - Pilot Program NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. 120 WASHINGTON STREET, SUITE 202E, P.O. BOX 3026, SALEM, MA 01970 PH: 978.741.7401 - FAX: 978.741.7402 – WWW.ENGINEERINGCORPORATION.COM City of Salem Municipal Street Tree Assessment Project - Pilot Program TASK ORDER No. 2 On-Call Civil Engineering Support Services City of Salem RFQ R-50 August 2016 WATER RESOURCES - BURIED INFRASTRUCTURE - PUBLIC WORKS - CONSTRUCTION ADMINISTRATION - LAND DEVELOPMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter Report Attachment Map of Entrance Corridor Pilot Area Attachment A Maps of GPS Located and Assessed Tree Types Maps of Tree Maintenance Needs Photos of All GPS Located Trees Attachment B Database Table of All GPS Located Trees & Attachment C Tree Warden Excel Sheet Incorporated to Database Tree Identification Key Attachment D NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. 120 WASHINGTON STREET, SUITE 202E, P.O. BOX 3026, SALEM, MA 01970 PH: 978.741.7401 - FAX: 978.741.7402 – WWW.ENGINEERINGCORPORATION.COM City of Salem Municipal Street Tree Assessment Project Pilot Program Project Understanding The City of Salem retained New England Civil Engineering Corp (NECE) to GPS locate and evaluate the condition of the street trees along four major corridors in the city. This pilot project was funded by a grant through Mass in Motion and facilitated through the Engineering Department. The following streets were included in the survey: Bridge Street from the Beverly Bridge to Howard Street, Lafayette Street from the Marblehead Town line to Loring Avenue, Boston Street from the Peabody City line to Essex Street, and North Street from the Peabody City line to the North Street Bridge. Refer to Attachment A for map depicting survey extent. As each street tree was GPS located, an overall photo was taken, and various attributes on the tree condition and the surrounding sidewalk were populated into the database See Figure 1 for description of data collected. See attachment B for photos of the GIS linked photos of all the trees surveyed. See Attachment C for table of all data collected. In addition to the survey, a spreadsheet provided by the Tree Warden was incorporated into Figure 1: GPS Data Collected the database. Although the dataset is not as robust as the survey, the data was valuable in determining the extent of current needs such as pruning needs and empty pit locations throughout the city. WATER RESOURCES - BURIED INFRASTRUCTURE - PUBLIC WORKS - CONSTRUCTION ADMINISTRATION - LAND DEVELOPMENT Maintenance Needs In total, 348 trees were GPS located and assessed as part of the pilot study. The Tree Warden provided some limited information on an additional 376 trees or tree pit locations bringing the total number of trees in the current database to 724 trees or tree pit locations. No action is needed on 124 or 36% of the locations. The majority of maintenance needed is either deadwood removal or pruning of 245 trees. Open tree pits or stumps comprise 244 of the recommended maintenance. See Figures 2 and 3 for a breakdown of maintenance needs. See Attachment A for maps of each entrance corridor tree coded by maintenance need. Figure 2 Figure 3 NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. Page 2 of 3 Tree Species The majority of the trees surveyed are Bradford pear, Norway maple and Ash. The lifespan of the Bradford pear is 20-30 years. The branches tend to break easily in winter storms and often are caught in power lines. The Norway maple is now listed as an invasive species. The Figure 6 emerald ash borer and Asian longhorned beetle have already been observed in nearby communities. These invasive insects target many types of trees but have been reported to affect the Norway maple and Ash more often than other tree species. Refer to Figure 4, 5, and 6 for Figure 5 tables depicting the types of trees observed as well as diameters and heights. A tree identification key was created depicting the trees observed during the survey and can be found in Attachment D. The free app “Leaf Snap” was also utilized to help identify trees. This reference guide and application can also be utilized Figure 4 for the future City program to work with homeowners to identify and assess the trees in their neighborhoods. NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. Page 3 of 3 Attachment A Maps Map of Entrance Corridor Pilot Area Maps of GPS Located and Assessed Tree Types Maps of Tree Maintenance Needs NEW ENGLAND CIVIL ENGINEERING CORP. FourFive (4)(5) Entranceentrance corridorCorridor StreetStreet TreeTree MappingMapping ProjectProject Targets.targets. Bridge Street: Beverly Bridge to Howard Street Lafayette Street: Marblehead Town Line to Loring Avenue Boston Street: Peabody City Line to Essex Street North Street: Peabody City Line to North Street Bridge © OpenStreetMap (and) contributors, CC-BY-SA Entrance Corridor Street Tree Mapping Pilot Salem, MA Tuesday, August 09, 2016 HUBON STREET AMES STREET THORNDIKE STREET SMITH AVENUE MARCH STREET COURT FRANKLIN STREET FRANKLIN COURT RICE STREET MARCH STREET PIERCE AVENUE BURNSIDE STREET MERRILL AVENUE CONANT STREET FERRY STREET SKERRY STREET PLANTERS STREET WAITE STREET PEARL STREET CROSS STREET COURT SKERRY STREET COURT SAUNDERS STREET SMITH STREET CROMWELL STREET BRIDGE STREET LEMON STREET COURT CROSS STREET WOODBURY COURT BEACON STREET LATHROP STREET OSGOOD STREET LEMON STREET BARTON STREET NORTHEY STREET ARBELLA STREET BEACON AVENUE WARNER STREET EAST COLLINS STREET ASH STREET CONNERS ROAD BARTON PLACE WEBB STREET HOWARD STREET EXTENSION PLEASANT STREET PAR KER COURT WEBSTER STREET FEDERAL STREET WINTER STREET COLLINS STREET Legend SAINT PETER STREET WILLIAMS STREET Street Tree Types SPRING STREET City of Salem List (42) PICKMAN STREET Empty Tree Pit (5) PLEASANT STREET AVENUE MILK STREET Ash (3) MALL STREET Birch (2) OLIVER STREET HOWARD STREET Bradford Pear (16) BROWN STREET COURT KIMBALL COURT Cherry (2) BROWN STREET WASHINGTON SQUARE NORTH NEW LIBERTY STREET ANDREW STREET Norway Maple (13) BROOKS COURT WASHINGTON SQUARE SOUTH Pin Oak (3) Zelkova (11) ESSEX STREET BRIGGS STREET Other (2) WASHINGTON SQUARE WASHINGTON SQUARE EAST Corridor Street Tree Mapping Pilot - Bridge Street 0 150 300 Salem, MA Feet 1 inch = 300 feet Tuesday, August 23, 2016 WHEATLAND STREET CLOUTMAN STREET STORY STREET CLEVELAND STREET CYPRESS STREET OCEAN AVENUE ROPES STREET LYME STREET LAWRENCE STREET CEDAR STREET PORTER STREET FLORENCE STREET WARD STREETPEABODY STREET HARBOR STREET SAINT PAUL STREET CEDAR STREET COURT BROOKS STREET PARALLEL STREET HANCOCK STREET FAIRFIELD STREET PARALLEL STREET PORTER STREET COURTWASHINGTON STREET CABOT STREET GENEVA STREET GARDNER STREET CHERRY STREET ROSLYN STREET HAZEL TERRACE DOW STREET CANAL STREET ROSLYN STREET COURT MEADOW STREET PALMER STREET PRINCE STREET PLACE LEAVITT STREET HOLLY STREET CHASE STREET ADAMS STREET PIEDMONT STREET HARRISON AVENUE LILY SALTONSTALL PARKWAY SALEM STREETPARK STREET PRESTON ROAD FOREST AVENUE BROADWAY HERSEY STREET PRINCE STREET TULIP STREET LAUREL STREET BERTINI LANE LAFAYETTE PLACE HAZEL STREET LINDEN STREET LYNCH STREET MARION ROAD JEFFERSON AVENUE ROSE STREET CONGRESS STREET SUMNER ROAD NAUMKEAG STREET CLOVER STREET ATLANTIC STREET KIMBALL ROAD PERKINS STREET BRADLEY ROAD LUSSIER STREET LEACH STREET PINGREE STREET PIONEER PACIFIC STREET DAY AVENUE MESSERVY STREET EDEN STREET WILLOW AVENUE SUMMIT AVENUE CHARLES STREET OCEAN AVENUE GLENDALE STREET LORING AVENUE WISTERIA STREET CLIFTON AVENUE GREEN STREET MESSERVY COURT RAYMOND ROAD OCEAN TERRACE GLOVER STREET RAINBOW TERRACE WEST AVENUE CLIFF STREET LEACH STREET BRISTOL STREET SHORE AVENUE PLYMOUTH STREET FAIRVIEW ROAD WEST TERRACE RAYMOND SAVOY ROAD HARBOR VIEW TERRACE NAPLES ROAD BELLEAU ROAD RAYMOND AVENUE DESMOND TERRACE WEST CIRCLE LAFAYETTE STREET Legend FAIRVIEW AVENUE HEMENWAY ROAD Street Tree Types City of Salem List (122) Bradford Pear (2) Hedge Maple (1) SUNSET ROAD Norway Maple (5) Pin Oak (7) RIVERBANK ROADROSEDALE AVENUE Red Maple (1) Red Oak (4) RIVERWAY ROAD Corridor Street Tree Mapping Pilot - Lafayette Street 0 250 500 Salem, MA Feet 1 inch = 500 feet Tuesday, August 23, 2016 MASON STREET OAK STREET FLINT STREET HARRINGTON COURT FRIEND STREET GRIFFIN PLACE FEDERAL STREET SILVER STREET GOODHUE STREET BEAVER STREET NORTH PINE STREET GROVE STREET BRIDGE STREET SOUTH PINE STREET SAFFORD STREET WATSON STREET BOSTON STREET FOWLER STREET ESSEX STREET RAWLINS STREET ABORN STREET ABORN STREET COURT PUTNAM STREET ORD STREET COURT PROSPECT AVENUE MAY STREET BUTLER STREET HANSON STREET ABBOTT STREET VARNEY STREET BOW STREET ORD STREET PURCHASE STREET SUMMIT STREET Legend OBER STREET Street Tree Types POPE STREET SCOTIA STREET LOGAN STREET City of Salem List (15) HENRY STREET BERUBE ROAD GRAFTON STREET Empty Tree Pit (17) WALL STREET Ash (9) ALBION STREET Birch (2) RICHARD ROAD Bradford Pear (24) LANGDON STREET NICHOLS STREET WALL STREET COURT Hedge Maple (17) MAPLE STREET SOUTH STREET Honey Locust (3) MANSELL PARKWAY London Plane (5) BURKE STREET LOONEY AVENUE Norway Maple (12) SHILLABER STREET WITCHCRAFT ROAD CRESCENT DRIVE Pin Oak (6) WITCH HILL ROAD BORDER STREET Red Oak (2) PURITAN ROAD CENTER STREET PROCTORZelkova STREET (1) Other (3) PIONEER CIRCLE HILLSIDE AVENUE Corridor Street Tree Mapping Pilot - Boston Street 0 150 300 Salem, MA Feet 1 inch = 300 feet Tuesday, August 23, 2016 FRANKLIN STREET MANNING STREET FOSTER STREET OSBORNE STREET WALTER STREET UNNAMED ROAD LIBERTY HILL AVENUE ORNE STREET DEARBORN STREET UPHAM STREET SOUTH MASON STREET WATERS STREET LEAVITT COURT STODDER PLACE MEAD COURT RANDALL STREET HORTON COURT MASON
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pyrus Calleryana James T
    Invasive Plant Science and Efficacy of five herbicide treatments for control Management of Pyrus calleryana www.cambridge.org/inp James T. Vogt1 , David R. Coyle2, David Jenkins3, Chris Barnes4, Christopher Crowe5, Scott Horn6, Chip Bates4 and Francis A. Roesch7 Research Article 1Project Leader, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Athens, GA, USA; 2Assistant Professor, Forest Health and Invasive Species, Clemson University, Forestry and Environmental Conservation Department, Cite this article: Vogt JT, Coyle DR, Jenkins D, Clemson, SC, USA; 3Forest Health Program Coordinator, South Carolina Forestry Commission, Columbia, SC, Barnes C, Crowe C, Horn S, Bates C, and USA; 4Forest Health Specialist, Georgia Forestry Commission, Macon, GA, USA; 5Forestry Technician, USDA Roesch FA (2020) Efficacy of five herbicide Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Athens, GA, USA; 6Entomologist, USDA Forest Service, Southern treatments for control of Pyrus calleryana. Research Station, Athens, GA, USA and 7Research Statistician, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Invasive Plant Sci. Manag 13:252–257. Asheville, NC, USA doi: 10.1017/inp.2020.36 Received: 23 June 2020 Abstract Revised: 18 September 2020 Accepted: 10 November 2020 Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana Decne.) is rapidly spreading in the United States, gaining atten- First published online: 17 November 2020 tion in the last two decades as a serious invasive pest. Recommended control methods include foliar, basal bark, cut stump, and hack-and-squirt application of herbicides, but there are few Associate Editor: published studies with replicated data on efficacy. Four readily available herbicidal active ingre- James K. Leary, University of Florida dients and a combination of two active ingredients were tested for control efficacy against Keywords: P.
    [Show full text]
  • Callery Pear, Bradford Pear Pyrus Calleryana Rosaceae
    CORNELL COOPERATIVE EXTENSION OF 121 Second Street Oriskany, NY 13424-9799 ONEIDA COUNTY (315) 736-3394 or (315) 337-2531 FAX: (315) 736-2580 Callery Pear, Bradford Pear Pyrus calleryana Rosaceae Habitat Native to Korea and Japan Zone 5 Habit and Form A medium-sized deciduous tree Tear-drop shaped in youth and spreading out with age 30' to 40' tall and about one-third as wide Fast growth rate Medium texture Summer Foliage Alternate, deciduous leaves Simple, ovate leaves with crenate margins Leaves are leathery and usually quite glabrous 2" to 3" long and almost as wide Leaves are held on a long petiole, almost 2" glossy, dark green leaf color Autumn Foliage Reds, purples, and oranges Very attractive leaves tend to hold late, freezes could happen before color fully develops Flowers White flowers Flower form corymbs about 3" in diameter Usually flowers peak before leaf set Helping You Put Knowledge to Work Cornell Cooperative Extension provides equal program and employment opportunities. NYS College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, NYS College of Human Ecology, and NYS College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University, Cooperative Extension associations, county governing bodies, and U.S. Department of Agriculture, cooperating. Flowers late April to early May Very attractive, slightly malodorous Fruit Round pome fruit Small, only about 0.5" in diameter Fruit is covered in russet dots Olive-brown to tan color, not ornamentally significant Bark Light brown to gray, develops horizontal lenticels with age Culture
    [Show full text]
  • May 2016 Vol. 345 Annual Board Elections
    May 2016 Vol. 345 Summer Is Almost Here Summer is almost here and I know everyone is aching to hit the May Special Events pools and the beach. Well the time is right around the corner and with at the Country Club a new season comes some new things. All areas will open on Memorial Day weekend with a Volleyball Tourney Saturday at 12:00, and the Beach Bash on Monday at 12:00. Water Aerobics begin May 31st, operating Monday-Friday from 10:00-11:00am at the Country Club pool. The Recreation Department and The Recreation Committee are always in need of members and volunteers to pull off some of the wonderful events happening here in Fairfield Plantation. If you or someone you know has that outgoing spirit and would like to help bring more summer fun to the community, please feel free to contact the Recreation Department at 770-830-7124 or email [email protected]. Wine, Dine and Dance FAIRFIELD PLANTATION WHERE THE FUN NEVER ENDS!!! May 7th, 7-11pm Keith James, Recreation Director Buffet dinner served at 7:30 Annual Board Elections – Calling all Candidates $30 per person, The Board of Directors and the POA Management encourages property owners to Includes glass of wine with dinner participate in our community through volunteerism on committees and the Board of Music by DJ Arman Directors. Three property owners will be elected at the 2016 POA Annual Meeting by a Tickets available at Country Club majority vote of the Fairfield Plantation Property Owners. POA directors are elected for three year terms.
    [Show full text]
  • Control of Callery Pear in Pastures, Right-Of-Way, and Natural Areas
    CONTROL OF CALLERY PEAR IN PASTURES, RIGHT-OF-WAY, AND NATURAL AREAS Scott Flynn, PhD (Dow AgroSciences LLC) Reid Smeda, PhD, and Carey Page (University of Missouri) www.RangeAndPasture.com www.RangeAndPasture.com Overview • Pyrus calleryana Dcne. (Rosales: Rosaceae) is quickly becoming one of the most widespread, aggressive invaders of ROWs, and Pastures. Currently some states have convinced nurseries, and big box stores to stop the sale of ornamental pears to slow the spread. To-date there have been no products labeled for Pyrus calleryana control in the US. ™®Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow www.RangeAndPasture.com Background • P. calleryana was introduced to the US by Frank Reimer, Southern Oregon Experiment Station, to combat fire blight in common pear (Pyrus communis). • Native of Southeast Asia • Common varieties > ‘Bradford’ – 1962, Maryland > ‘Chanticleer’ - mid-1965 Ohio • Select’, ‘Stone Hill’, ‘Select’, and ‘Glenn’s Form’ > ‘Aristocrat’ – 1969, Kentucky > ‘Whitehouse’ – 1977, Maryland > ‘Autumn Blaze’ – 1878, Oregon > ‘Capital’ – 1982, Washington DC Culley and Hardiman (2007) ™®Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow www.RangeAndPasture.com Range and Adaptation Comparison of adaptation of Pyrus calleryana between the US and China based on similar latitudes. Provinces in China where Pyrus calleryana are found (shown in black) Pyrus calleryana has escaped cultivation along infrequently managed areas, forming dense stands that displace other vegetation.
    [Show full text]
  • Pyrus Calleryana 'Aristocrat' 'Aristocrat' Callery Pear
    Fact Sheet ST-536 October 1994 Pyrus calleryana ‘Aristocrat’ ‘Aristocrat’ Callery Pear1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION ‘Aristocrat’ Callery Pear quickly grows 35 to 45 feet high and 30 to 35 feet wide, with widely-spaced, upright-spreading, thornless branches (Fig. 1). The more dominant trunk and open form of ‘Aristocrat’ Callery Pear helps to make it less susceptible to wind and ice damage than ‘Bradford’. Branch angles are wider and lateral branches grow at a slower rate than on ‘Bradford’, therefore the branches are better attached to the trunk. In spring before the new leaves unfold, the tree puts on a brilliant display of pure white flowers which, unfortunately, do not have a pleasant fragrance. The leaves emerge as red/purple, then become 1.5 to 3 inches long, glossy green with wavy margins and a red blush. They turn red again in fall before dropping. The small, pea-sized, red/brown fruits which form are quite attractive to birds and other wildlife, and mummify on the tree persisting for several months to a year. Planting two or more cultivars of Callery Pear together could increase fruit set. GENERAL INFORMATION Figure 1. Young ‘Aristocrat’ Callery Pear. Scientific name: Pyrus calleryana ‘Aristocrat’ Pronunciation: PIE-rus kal-ler-ee-AY-nuh tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); recommended for buffer Common name(s): ‘Aristocrat’ Callery Pear strips around parking lots or for median strip plantings Family: Rosaceae in the highway; screen; shade tree; small parking lot USDA hardiness zones: 5 through 9A (Fig. 2) islands (< 100 square feet in size); narrow tree lawns Origin: not native to North America (3-4 feet wide); specimen; sidewalk cutout (tree pit); Uses: container or above-ground planter; large residential street tree; tree has been successfully grown parking lot islands (> 200 square feet in size); wide in urban areas where air pollution, poor drainage, tree lawns (>6 feet wide); medium-sized parking lot compacted soil, and/or drought are common islands (100-200 square feet in size); medium-sized 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Maximizing the Benefits of Increased Urban Canopy on the Eastside of Los Angeles
    April 20, 2021 Maximizing the benefits of increased urban canopy on the eastside of Los Angeles Authors Rachel Ablondi David Galaviz Melinda Ramos-Alatorre Dulce Acosta Erik Huisman Seher Randhawa Marianna Babboni Yuliang Jiang Coleman Reardon Will Berelson Beau MacDonald Kate Weber Jackson FitzGerald Esther Margulies John Wilson CARBON CENSUS at USC I Acknowledgements Authors This report was prepared in coordination with the Los Angeles Rachel Ablondi, Undergraduate Research Assistant, Spatial Department of Public Works as part of a strategic partner- Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sci- ship on urban trees between the City of Los Angeles and the ences, University of Southern California University of Southern California. We are grateful for the Dulce Acosta, Senior Principle Director, Community & Local expert advice and collaboration from our City of Los Angeles Government Partnerships, University Relations, University of partners. Thanks to Rachel Malarich, Melinda Gejer, Irene Southern California Burga, Amy Schulenberg and Rachel O’Leary for working hand-in-hand with us since the beginning of the project. Marianna Babboni, Project Administrator, Dornsife Public Exchange, University of Southern California We would also like to acknowledge the many community Will Berelson, Professor, Department of Earth Sciences and members and organizations that took the time to meet with Environmental Studies Program, Dornsife College of Letters, our project team and voice their opinions. A special thanks Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California to Joe Laskin and Aaron Thomas from North East Trees for sharing their deep expertise with us. Jackson FitzGerald, Undergraduate Research Assistant, Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts This project was made possible with the generous facilita- and Sciences, University of Southern California tion of funding support from USC President Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Origin, Domestication, and Dispersing of Pear (Pyrus Spp.)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Agriculture Volume 2014, Article ID 541097, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/541097 Review Article Origin, Domestication, and Dispersing of Pear (Pyrus spp.) G. J. Silva, Tatiane Medeiros Souza, Rosa Lía Barbieri, and Antonio Costa de Oliveira Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Federal University of Pelotas, 96001-970 Pelotas, RS, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Antonio Costa de Oliveira; [email protected] Received 11 March 2014; Accepted 29 April 2014; Published 9 June 2014 Academic Editor: Innocenzo Muzzalupo Copyright © 2014 G. J. Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The pear (Pyrus communis L.) is a typical fruit of temperate regions, having its origin and domestication at two different points, China and Asia Minor until the Middle East. It is the fifth most widely produced fruit in the world, being produced mainly in China, Europe, and the United States. Pear belongs to rosaceous family, being a close “cousin” of the apple, but with some particularities that make this fruit special with a delicate flavor. Thus, it deserves a special attention and a meticulous review of all the history involved, and the recent research devoted to it, because of the economic and cultural importance of this fruit in a range of countries and cultures. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to approach the history of the origin, domestication, and dispersal of pears, as well as reporting their botany, their current scenario in the world, and their breeding and conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Fall of the Ornamental Callery Pear Tree
    The Rise and Fall of the Ornamental Callery Pear Tree Theresa M. Culley ne of the most notable heralds of spring in the eastern United States Ois the profuse blooming of orna- mental pear trees in front yards and along ARCHIVES OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM city streets. The Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana), and particularly its many cultivars such as ‘Bradford’, ‘Cleveland Select’, and ‘Aristocrat’, has become one of the most popular ornamental trees in North America. However, its commercial success has now become overshadowed by its tendency to spread along roadways and into natural areas through reseeding. Today this tree is considered invasive in many states, in stark contrast to how it grows in its native range in Asia. How did this tree become the scourge of land man- agers across North America? What has led to its fall from grace? To understand this fascinating story, we need to start at the beginning. Seeds From China Plant collector Frank N. Meyer in China in 1908. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, farm- stamina to tolerate the physical discomforts ing began to replace ranching in the western and social isolation of travelling for months in United States and there was a growing demand distant lands. He found Frank N. Meyer (1875– for improved crops that could thrive there. 1918), a Dutch immigrant and former gardener The United States Department of Agriculture who had a deep fascination with plants and saw (USDA) began to focus on importing new plants nothing unusual about walking hundreds of for testing and, in 1898, created the Foreign miles on a botanical foray.
    [Show full text]
  • Time of Nitrogen Application and Phosphorous Effects on Growth
    SOIL MANAGEMENT, FERTILIZATION, & IRRIGATION HORTSCIENCE 30(3):532–534. 1995. This study evaluated the time of N applica- tion on selected performance characteristics of pecan. Additionally, applications of large Time of Nitrogen Application and quantities of P were evaluated to determine if increased leaf P concentrations could be Phosphorus Effects on Growth, Yield, achieved, and correlated with improved and Fruit Quality of Pecan growth, yield, or fruit quality. Materials and Methods Michael W. Smith1, Becky Cheary2, and Becky Carroll2 Our study, located at the Pecan Research Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State Station near Sparks, Okla., was initiated in University, Stillwater, OK 74078 1985 on 35-year-old ‘Patrick’ and ‘Hayes’ pecan trees. Trees were thinned to 22/ha in Additional index words. Carya illinoinensis, cold injury, leaf analysis 1984, leaving wide aisles for interplanting Abstract. March vs. October N applications in factorial combination with two P rates were young pecan trees. This wide spacing served evaluated on two pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] cultivars. Leaf N as a border between treatments. The soil was a concentrations were not affected by N application time. However, yield of ‘Hayes’ was port silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, thermic; increased during 4 of 7 years and cumulative yield was increased 37% when N was applied Cumulic Haplustoll; Mollisols). Management during October compared to March. Yield of ‘Patrick’ and individual nut weight and included a closely mowed grass sod with 2-m- kernel percentage of ‘Hayes’ and ‘Patrick’ were not affected by N application time. wide, weed-free strips on each side of the tree, Phosphorus application increased leaf P concentration 5 of 7 years during the study.
    [Show full text]
  • PRE Evaluation Report for Pyrus Calleryana 'Bradford'
    PRE Evaluation Report -- Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' Plant Risk Evaluator -- PRE™ Evaluation Report Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' -- Illinois 2017 Farm Bill PRE Project PRE Score: 17 -- Reject (high risk of invasiveness) Confidence: 74 / 100 Questions answered: 19 of 20 -- Valid (80% or more questions answered) Privacy: Public Status: Completed Evaluation Date: August 23, 2017 This PDF was created on June 20, 2018 Page 1/19 PRE Evaluation Report -- Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' Plant Evaluated Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' Image by David Stephens, Bugwood.org Page 2/19 PRE Evaluation Report -- Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' Evaluation Overview A PRE™ screener conducted a literature review for this plant (Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford') in an effort to understand the invasive history, reproductive strategies, and the impact, if any, on the region's native plants and animals. This research reflects the data available at the time this evaluation was conducted. General Information Status: Completed Screener: Emily Russell Evaluation Date: August 23, 2017 Plant Information Plant: Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' If the plant is a cultivar, how does its behavior differs from its parent's? 'Bradford' was the first selection of Pyrus calleryana to become commercially available in the United States in 1962. 'Bradford' was selected at the USDA Plant Introduction Station in Glenn Dale, Maryland. The crown is pyramidal with densely packed branches which are prone to structural problems and breakage, more so than later cultivars. 'Bradford', however, is the most fireblight-resistant cultivar. It is thornless, unlike the species, but is often grafted onto seedling rootstock in the nursery trade. It is self- incompatible but does produce fertile fruit after pollination by other cultivars.
    [Show full text]
  • Pyrus Calleryana ‘Aristocrat’ (Callery Pear)
    FEATURED TREE Pyrus calleryana ‘Aristocrat’ (Callery Pear) Notes Prune trees early in their life to space lateral branches along a central trunk, otherwise not a lot of pruning required to develop good structure. Only buy trees with well-spaced branches. Tree will require periodic crown lifting to maintain clearances. Fruit are persistent on tree with no significant litter problem. Origin A cultivated variety Habit Medium deciduous tree with an oval to pyramidal form. Mature height of about 10-12m x 7-10m wide. Description Dense crown of foliage. Leaves are dark green glossy, simple, ovate with undulating margins, alternating on thornless branches, turning red in autumn. Thin, grey-black bark, which can be damaged by mechanical impact. Flowers are pure white and profuse in spring followed by small, pea-sized, red/brown fruits. Tolerances Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions including both slightly alkaline and acid soils. Tolerant of drought, poorly drained soils, compaction and air pollution. Grows well in limited soil space in urban areas. Transplants easily. Uses & management ‘Aristocrat’ pear is very susceptible to fire blight (Not an immediate concern in Australia). Trees can be infested with aphids and scale. Borers can attack damaged areas. Good street tree, car parks, pavement cut outs other restricted soil spaces. Reference Gilman, E. F., (1997), Trees for Urban and Suburban Landscapes, Delmar. http://hort.ufl.edu/trees/PYRCALA.pdf Northern trees; as seen at http://orb2.at.ufl.edu/TREESServlet?command=getNorthernTree&classoid=4840 Fleming’s Nurseries, Pty, Ltd, Monbulk, Australia. Featured Tree© Tree Logic Pty Ltd 2007 Treelogic Pty Ltd Unit 4, 21 Eugene Terrace Ringwood VIC 3134 t 03 9870 7700 f 03 9870 8177 e [email protected] w treelogic.com.au.
    [Show full text]
  • Pear Production in the Home Garden
    Agriculture and Natural Resources FSA6059 Pear Production in the Home Garden M. Elena Garcia Associate Professor Extension Fruit and Nut Specialist Pears are long-lived, attractive trees that work well in Arkansas landscapes and produce fruit for home owners. In general, pears do not have as many pests as apples and are commonly grown by homeowners without pesticides. Selected varieties produce good fruit and present few management problems. The three basic types of pears grown in the United States are European or French pears, Oriental hybrids and Asian pears. The common pears include such popular varieties as ‘Bartlett,’ ‘Bosc’ and ‘D’Anjou’. These and other common European varieties are especially noted for their excellent gaining increased attention because of fresh eating quality. However, the its high-quality fruit. Asian pears are susceptibility of European pears to relatively new to Arkansas. This crop fire blight limits their use. Siteseems andto do wellSoil in northern RequirementsArkansas. The southern extent of Oriental hybrids include such their adaptation in the state has not well-known varieties as ‘Orient’ and been determined. ‘Kieffer’. This type is well adapted to much of Arkansas and accounts for most of the state’s pears. Oriental hybrid pears produce russeted fruit that is firm to hard and has a high Climatically, pears are adapted to number of grit cells. These varieties all areas of Arkansas. Pears often Visit our web site at: are popular for preserves, for pickling have severe problems with fire blight, https://www.uaex.uada.edu or in jams, but most varieties are and gardeners should only plant also satisfactory for fresh use if varieties with high blight tolerance.
    [Show full text]