Insect Epigenetics
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Taxonomic Status of the Genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium Associated with Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa
Mycol. Res. 106 (6): 737–744 (June 2002). # The British Mycological Society 737 DOI: 10.1017\S0953756202006056 Printed in the United Kingdom. Taxonomic status of the genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium associated with grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa Harry C. EVANS* and Paresh A. SHAH† CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks. SL5 7TA, UK. E-mail: h.evans!cabi.org Received 2 September 2001; accepted 28 April 2002. The occurrence of disease outbreaks associated with the genus Sorosporella on grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa is reported. Infected hosts, representing ten genera within five acridoid subfamilies, are characterized by red, thick-walled chlamydospores which completely fill the cadaver. On selective media, the chlamydospores, up to seven-years-old, germinated to produce a Syngliocladium anamorph which is considered to be undescribed. The new species Syngliocladium acridiorum is described and two varieties are delimited: var. acridiorum, on various grasshopper and locust genera from the Sahelian region of West Africa; and, var. madagascariensis, on the Madagascan migratory locust. The ecology of these insect-fungal associations is discussed. Sorosporella is treated as a synonym of Syngliocladium. INTRODUCTION synanamorph, Syngliocladium Petch. Subsequently, Hodge, Humber & Wozniak (1998) described two Between 1990 and 1993, surveys for mycopathogens of Syngliocladium species from the USA and emended the orthopteran pests were conducted in Africa and Asia as generic diagnosis, which also included Sorosporella as a part of a multinational, collaborative project for the chlamydosporic synanamorph. biological control of grasshoppers and locusts of the Based on these recent developments, the taxonomic family Acridoidea or Acrididae (Kooyman & Shah status of the collections on African locusts and 1992). -
Locusts in Queensland
LOCUSTS Locusts in Queensland PEST STATUS REVIEW SERIES – LAND PROTECTION by C.S. Walton L. Hardwick J. Hanson Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the many people who provided information for this assessment. Clyde McGaw, Kevin Strong and David Hunter, from the Australian Plague Locust Commission, are also thanked for the editorial review of drafts of the document. Cover design: Sonia Jordan Photographic credits: Natural Resources and Mines staff ISBN 0 7345 2453 6 QNRM03033 Published by the Department of Natural Resources and Mines, Qld. February 2003 Information in this document may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, provided that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Land Protection Department of Natural Resources and Mines GPO Box 2454, Brisbane Q 4000 #16401 02/03 Contents 1.0 Summary ................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Taxonomy.................................................................................................................. 2 3.0 History ....................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Outbreaks across Australia ........................................................................................ 3 3.2 Outbreaks in Queensland........................................................................................... 3 4.0 Current and predicted distribution ........................................................................ -
Biochemical Features of Some Insects Species Potential Preys of Predators 3
International Journal of Bio-Technology and Research (IJBTR) ISSN(P): 2249-6858; ISSN(E): 2249-796X Vol. 4, Issue 4, Aug 2014, 1-8 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF SOME INSECTS SPECIES POTENTIAL PREYS OF PREDATORS NADIA YAHIA1 & BELKACEM BAZIZ, SALAHEDDINE DOUMANDJI2 1Agronomic National Upper School El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria 2Ornithology Laboratory, Agronomic National Upper School EL-Harrach, Algeria ABSTRACT Mower- net is the technical sampling used on the ground relating to study arthropoda in experimental plots, and in gardens of Agronomic National School El Harrach. Insects category dominates with 1.120 individuals (97.1%) and 55% species (94.7%).Orthoptera are highly mentioned with a number of 856 individuals (74.2%). Gastropoda, Crustacea and Myriapoda, together correspond hardly to 2.9% according to total of captured individuals. Three techniques of biochemical analyses are used in laboratory with the aim to determine nutritive values and so energetic contribution of some insects species considered as potential preys of different predators. Used methods in the present work are the Kjeldhal method for dose ot total nitrogen, Soxhlet method for total lipids and Bertrand method relating to sugars. This analysis shows that proteins rates found in different species vary between 3.5 and 28.4%. For sugars rates found, the weaker is 3.4% while the stronger is 25.5%. For lipids, the recorded contents are about 9.8 and 33.3%. The total energetic contribution brought by the three biochemical components which are, proteins,lipids,and total sugars is estimated at 4.56 Kcal by female of Aiolopus thalassinus until 13.77 Kcal by male of Aiolopus strepens. -
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Journal of Research in Ecology An International Scientific Research Journal Original Research Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model with Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) in the experimental farm Authors: ABSTRACT: ElSayed WM Abu ElEla SA and In a survey of the Acridomorpha assemblage in two different sampling Eesa NM localities I and II at an experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University-ten different species had been recorded. These species were belonging to two subfamilies and representing ten tribes. Family Acrididae was found to exhibit the highest number of tribes (8 tribes and 8 species) whereas, family Pyrgomorphinae was represented by Institution: only two tribes harboring two species. The current research provides an attempt to Department of Entomology, point out the significance of Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) potential Faculty of Science, parasitoidism on natural acridomorphine populations through examining the egg- Cairo University, pods. It was clear that only three acridomorphine species; Aiolopus thalassinus Giza-12613-Egypt. (Fabricius, 1798), Acrotylus patruelis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) and Pyrgomorpha conica (Olivier, 1791), were virtually attacked by the hymenopterous S. aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951). Keywords: Parasitoidism, Acridomorpha, Scelio aegyptiacus, Stenophagous, presence- absence. Corresponding author: Article Citation: El-Sayed WM ElSayed WM,Abu ElEla SA and Eesa NM Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model -
EVALUATION of FIELD TRIAL DATA on the EFFICACY and SELECTIVITY of INSECTICIDES on LOCUSTS and GRASSHOPPERS Report to FAO By
EVALUATION OF FIELD TRIAL DATA ON THE EFFICACY AND SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES ON LOCUSTS AND GRASSHOPPERS Report to FAO by the PESTICIDE REFEREE GROUP Sixth meeting Rome, 10 - 12 December 1996 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Plant Production and Protection Division Rome, 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 EFFECTIVE INSECTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION 1 OTHER INSECTICIDES 5 APPLICATION CRITERIA 5 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CERTAIN INSECTICIDES 6 POSSIBLE USE PATTERNS 7 EVALUATION AND MONITORING 8 EMPRES 8 RECOMMENDATIONS 9 APPENDICES Appendix I Participants in the Meeting Appendix II Reports Submitted to the Pesticide Referee Group in December 1996 Appendix III Summary of Data from Efficacy Trial Reports Listed by Insecticide as Discussed in the 1996 Group Meeting Appendix IV References Used for the Environmental Evaluation Appendix V Evaluation of Pesticides for Locust Control Appendix VI Terms of Reference 2 INTRODUCTION 1. The 6th meeting of the Pesticide Referee Group was opened by Dr. N. van der Graaff, Chief Plant Protection Service. He mentioned that, since the last meeting, there had been an upsurge in Red Locust activity in southern Africa. He requested that the Group, in addition to its principal focus on the Desert Locust, also evaluate data on other migratory locusts including the Red Locust. Mr van der Graaff noted that donors and locust-affected countries remained very concerned about the impact of insecticides on the environment. He stressed the need for the Group to take particular note of ecotoxicological data in their evaluations. He welcomed Mr. Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah to the Group as a representative of locust-affected countries and Mr. -
A Revision of the Genus Callip Tamus Serville (Orthoptera : Acrididae)
.- e V A REVISION OF THE GENUS CALLIP TAMUS SERVILLE (ORTHOPTERA : ACRIDIDAE) BY N. D. JAGO Univenity of Ghana. Accra Pp. 287-350; 26 Text-jigtcres BULLETIN OF THE BRISISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISSORY) ENSOMOLOGY Vol. 13 No. 9 LONDON: 1963 THE BULLETIS OF THE BRITISH BIUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), institrited in 1949, is isszted iit jizte series, correspondillg to the Departments of the Alirsezm, niid mz Historicnl series. Parts Lcill appear nt irregzrlnr iiitervals as they become retidy. Volimes vil1 coiztaiit aboitt three OY fow htcndred pnges, nitd will not itecessnrily be cmnpleted withilz o.ne cnlenhr year. Tltis paper is Vol. 13, Xo. g of the Entomological series. The nbbreviated titles ojperiodicals cited follou those of tka WorId List of Scientijic Periodicals. 0 Trrictees o[ the British Miiseuni 196.3 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH iMUSEUM ~sslldj1 .\I(Z)' 196.3 Price Ti;w+v-tz;.o Sltillings A REVISION OF THE GENUS CALLIP TAMUS SERVILLE (ORTHOPTERA : ACRIDIDAE) By N. D. JAGO CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION . 289 MATERIAL . 292 TREATMENT 294 ACKXOWLEDGEMENTC. * 294 KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE SUBFAMILY CALLIPTAMINAE . 295 CALLIPTAMUSServille, 1831 . 29s SYNOPSIS The trans-Palaearctic genus Callipíamus Serville is revised, thirteen species now being included in the genus. The genus consists of two main elements, a northern temperate group of four species and a southern ternperate group of nine. The genus Metromerus Uvarov is synonymized with Calliptamus. A provisional key to genera in the sub-family Calliptaminae has been drawn up, together with keys to species and subspecies in the genus Cailiptamus. Observations are given on polymorphism in the genus, geographical vanation, and posible correlation of variation with climatic factors. -
Climate Change Vulnerability in Biodiversity Sector
Ministry of Envrionment and Physical Planning of the Republic of Macedonia United Nations Development Programme Project 00075206 “Third National Report to UNFCCC” Project report Climate change vulnerability in Biodiversity sector Melovski Ljupčo, Matevski Vlado, Hristovski Slavčo Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Skopje, 2013 2 Contents 1 National Circumstances related to climate change vulnerability in Biodiversity Sector ................ 5 1.1 Introduction – climate change and Biodiversity Sector ................................................................ 5 1.1.1 Climate change vulnerability in Biodiversity Sector........................................................ 5 1.1.2 Climate change adaptation in Biodiversity Sector .......................................................... 7 1.2 Overview of Biodiversity Sector .................................................................................................... 7 1.2.1 Characteristics ................................................................................................................. 7 1.2.2 Major stakeholders ....................................................................................................... 15 1.2.3 Sector documents ......................................................................................................... 17 1.2.4 Data availability ............................................................................................................ -
Studies on the Nymphal Aggregation Pheromone of Malagasy
STUDIES ON THE NYMPHAL AGGREGATION PHEROMONE OF MALAGASY MIGRATORY LOCUST, LOCUSTA MIGRATORIA CAPITO (SAUSSURE, 1884) AND ITS EFFECTS ON ADULT MATURATION VICTOR RAZAFINDRANAIVO DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Zoology) JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY 2010 Studies on the nymphal aggregation pheromone of Malagasy Migratory Locust, Locusta migratoria capito (Saussure, 1884) and its effects on adult maturation. Victor Razafindranaivo A thesis submitted in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology in the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology 2010 DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University Signature --------------------------------- Date ------------------------------------------------ Victor Razafindranaivo This thesis has been submitted with our approval as university supervisors Signature --------------------------------- Date ------------------------------------------------ Dr. Helen Lydia Kutima JKUAT, Kenya Signature --------------------------------- Date ------------------------------------------------ Prof. Muniru K. Tsanuo Pwani University College, Kenya Signature --------------------------------- Date ------------------------------------------------ Prof. Ahmed Hassanali KU, Kenya Signature --------------------------------- Date ------------------------------------------------ Dr. Peter G. N. Njagi International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya ii DEDICATION I dedicated this thesis to my late mother, who struggled -
20 Taxonomic Significance of Aedeagus in the Classification Of
International Journal of Entomology Research International Journal of Entomology Research ISSN: 2455-4758; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.entomologyjournals.com Volume 1; Issue 7; November 2016; Page No. 20-31 Taxonomic significance of aedeagus in the classification of Indian Acrididae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) Shahnila USMANI, Mohd. Kamil Usmani, Mohammad AMIR Section of Entomology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India Abstract Comparative study of aedeagus is made in one hundred and two species of grasshoppers representing fifty-nine genera belonging to the family Acrididae. Its taxonomic significance is shown. Divided, undivided or flexured conditions of aedeagus is taken as familial character. Apical valve of aedeagus longer or shorter than basal valve is considered as generic character. Shape of apical and basal valves is suggested as specific character. Keywords: 1. Introduction done in clove oil. The aedeagus was mounted in Canada The aedeagus is a main intromittent organ consisting of a pair balsam on a cavity slide under 22mm square cover glass. of basal and apical valves. The basal valves are lying above the Drawings were made with the help of Camera lucida. spermatophore sac and connected by the flexure with the long curved apical valves which are normally concealed under the 3. Description of Aedeagus membranous pallium. During the course of copulation it is Subfamily Acridinae inserted between ventral ovipositor valves of the female into 1. Truxalis eximia Eichwald, 1830 (Fig. 1 A) vagina and its tip reaches the spermathecal duct. Dirsh & Aedeagus flexured, apical valve long and narrow, slightly Uvarov (1953) [2] studied apical valves of penis in three species curved, apex obtusely pointed, slightly narrower and shorter of Anacridium. -
Elements for the Sustainable Management of Acridoids of Importance in Agriculture
African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(2), pp. 142-152, 12 January, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR DOI: 10.5897/AJAR11.912 ISSN 1991-637X ©2012 Academic Journals Review Elements for the sustainable management of acridoids of importance in agriculture María Irene Hernández-Zul 1, Juan Angel Quijano-Carranza 1, Ricardo Yañez-López 1, Irineo Torres-Pacheco 1, Ramón Guevara-Gónzalez 1, Enrique Rico-García 1, Adriana Elena Castro- Ramírez 2 and Rosalía Virginia Ocampo-Velázquez 1* 1Department of Biosystems, School of Engineering, Queretaro State University, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas, Querétaro, México. 2Department of Agroecology, Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. Accepted 16 December, 2011 Acridoidea is a superfamily within the Orthoptera order that comprises a group of short-horned insects commonly called grasshoppers. Grasshopper and locust species are major pests of grasslands and crops in all continents except Antarctica. Economically and historically, locusts and grasshoppers are two of the most destructive agricultural pests. The most important locust species belong to the genus Schistocerca and populate America, Africa, and Asia. Some grasshoppers considered to be important pests are the Melanoplus species, Camnula pellucida in North America, Brachystola magna and Sphenarium purpurascens in northern and central Mexico, and Oedaleus senegalensis and Zonocerus variegatus in Africa. Previous studies have classified these species based on specific characteristics. This review includes six headings. The first discusses the main species of grasshoppers and locusts; the second focuses on their worldwide distribution; the third describes their biology and life cycle; the fourth refers to climatic factors that facilitate the development of grasshoppers and locusts; the fifth discusses the action or reaction of grasshoppers and locusts to external or internal stimuli and the sixth refers to elements to design management strategies with emphasis on prevention. -
Folk Taxonomy, Nomenclature, Medicinal and Other Uses, Folklore, and Nature Conservation Viktor Ulicsni1* , Ingvar Svanberg2 and Zsolt Molnár3
Ulicsni et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2016) 12:47 DOI 10.1186/s13002-016-0118-7 RESEARCH Open Access Folk knowledge of invertebrates in Central Europe - folk taxonomy, nomenclature, medicinal and other uses, folklore, and nature conservation Viktor Ulicsni1* , Ingvar Svanberg2 and Zsolt Molnár3 Abstract Background: There is scarce information about European folk knowledge of wild invertebrate fauna. We have documented such folk knowledge in three regions, in Romania, Slovakia and Croatia. We provide a list of folk taxa, and discuss folk biological classification and nomenclature, salient features, uses, related proverbs and sayings, and conservation. Methods: We collected data among Hungarian-speaking people practising small-scale, traditional agriculture. We studied “all” invertebrate species (species groups) potentially occurring in the vicinity of the settlements. We used photos, held semi-structured interviews, and conducted picture sorting. Results: We documented 208 invertebrate folk taxa. Many species were known which have, to our knowledge, no economic significance. 36 % of the species were known to at least half of the informants. Knowledge reliability was high, although informants were sometimes prone to exaggeration. 93 % of folk taxa had their own individual names, and 90 % of the taxa were embedded in the folk taxonomy. Twenty four species were of direct use to humans (4 medicinal, 5 consumed, 11 as bait, 2 as playthings). Completely new was the discovery that the honey stomachs of black-coloured carpenter bees (Xylocopa violacea, X. valga)were consumed. 30 taxa were associated with a proverb or used for weather forecasting, or predicting harvests. Conscious ideas about conserving invertebrates only occurred with a few taxa, but informants would generally refrain from harming firebugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus), field crickets (Gryllus campestris) and most butterflies. -
Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian Territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History
Zoology and Ecology ISSN: 2165-8005 (Print) 2165-8013 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tzec20 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh To cite this article: Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh (2017): Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History, Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Published online: 26 Apr 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tzec20 Download by: [Bethlehem University] Date: 26 April 2017, At: 04:32 ZOOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhana, Zuhair S. Amrb, Manal Ghattasa, Elias N. Handala and Mazin B. Qumsiyeha aPalestine Museum of Natural History, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine; bDepartment of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY We report on the collection of grasshoppers and locusts from the Occupied Palestinian Received 25 November 2016 Territories (OPT) studied at the nascent Palestine Museum of Natural History. Three hundred Accepted 28 March 2017 and forty specimens were collected during the 2013–2016 period.