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Abashidze, Aslan, 353 Abikova, D., 120 Abkhaz, Abkhazia, 47, 51 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-11131-7 - Red Nations: The Nationalities Experience in and After the Ussr Jeremy Smith Index More information Index Abashidze, Aslan, 353 Armenians, Armenia, 13, 42, 43, 45, 51, 64, Abikova, D., 120 84, 203, 226, 236, 242, 245, 261, 264, Abkhaz, Abkhazia, 47, 51, 103, 154, 267, 291, 307, 337 226, 227, 236, 269, 278, 287, 314, dissident movement, 233 318, 343–9 earthquake, 266 Abuladze, Tengiz, 223 emigres, 235 Academy of Sciences, 210, 243 Ashkhabad, 300 Adalat, 270 Askeran, 267, 338 Adamovich, Alexander, 101 Astana, 298 Adyghe, 154 Austria, 28 Afghanistan, 289, 299 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 164 Aganbegyan, Abel, 267 autonomy, 48, 50, 64, 67, 253, 308, 310 Aghdam, 267 Azerbaijan, 14, 40, 51, 64, 91, 94, 102, 111, Agrarian Democratic Party 193, 202, 211, 213, 224, 226, 241, 245, (Moldova), 291 267, 293, 308, 325, 337 Agrarian Union (Latvia), 169 1959 purge, 212 Ajars, Ajaria, 327, 343, 353 Black Sunday, 269 Akaev, Askar, 292, 316 civil war, 283 Akmola, see Astana Alash Orda, 35, 59 Babaev, A., 120 Albanians, Caucasian, 226 Babi Yar ravine, 134 Alexander II, 154 Bagirov, Mir Jafar, 192, 193 Alexandropol, 45 Baitursynov, Akhmet, 58 Aliev, Heidar, 224, 226, 241, 242, 284, Bakiev, Kurmanbek, 316 285, 295, 296 Baku, 8, 40, 41, 43, 202, 243, 295, 338 Aliev, Ilham, 295, 296, 297 Commune, 17 Aliev, Rakhat, 298 Balitskii, Anton, 101 Aliev family, 217, 296 Balkars, Balkaria, 39, 50, 128, 153, 155, 158 Alieva, Mehriban, 297 Baltic Entente, 170 Almaty, 260, 298 Baltic republics, Baltic states, 138, 163–83, alphabet reform, 185, 197 252, 272 Amur, 182 Bandera, Stepan, 135 Andijan, 78, 299 Basaev, Shamil, 332, 334 Andropov, Yuri, 256 Bashir, G., 225 anti-cosmopolitan campaign, 144 Bashkir Revolutionary Committee Aral Sea, 261, 264 (Bashrevkom), 25 383 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-11131-7 - Red Nations: The Nationalities Experience in and After the Ussr Jeremy Smith Index More information 384 Index Bashkirs, Bashkiria, 14, 18, 25, 55, 141, 254, 1989, 247 278, 309 Central Asia, 15, 35, 56, 80, 112, 140, 206, Basmachi, 36, 60, 62, 85, 86 238, 247, 252, 261, 307 Batumi, 199 1916 rebellion, 9 Bazarov, Gannadi, 223 affirmative action in, 83 Bek, Said, 39 Communist University of, 83 Belarusans, Belorussians, Belorus, delimitation of, 76 Belorussia, 10, 33, 64, 74, 100, 174, Chagatai, 77 239, 246, 265, 293, 307 Chanturia, Giorgi, 285 under German occupation, 133 Chardakhly, 267 Bender, 351 Chavchavadze, Ilia, 7 Berdymukhamedov, Gurbanguly, 301 Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Republic, Beria, Lavrenti, 110, 144, 152, 155, 181, 191, 158, 159 192, 201, 223, 328, 344 Chechens, Chechnya, 37, 39, 151, 154, 155, Berkla¯vs, Eduard, 202, 212 162, 196, 278, 309, 328–36 Beslan, 334 national units, 141 Bessarabia, 173, 185 Chemeriskii, Alexander, 81 Bgazhba, S., 227 Cherkess, 50, 154 Bilinsky, Yaroslav, 109 Chernenko, Konstantin, 256 Bishkek, 316 Chernobyl nuclear power plant, 265, 266 Bloody Sunday, see Russian Chinese, China, 105, 154, 307, 320 Revolution, 1905 Chornovil, Vyacheslav, 222, 223, 232 Bodyul, Ivan, 217 Chuvash, Chuvashia, 253 borders, 74 cinema, 223 Bormann, Martin, 132 Circassians, see Adyghe Borodin, Alexander, 95 Civil War, Russian, 25–39, 49, 50, 53, 59 Borotbists, 58, 60, 81, 82, 89, 102 Collective Security Treaty Brazauskas, Algirdas, 290 Organization, 306 Breslavs’kyi, Mykola, 232 collectivisation of agriculture, 103, 104, 118 Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of, 44 Commission for the Study of the Tribal Brezhnev, Leonid, 219, 252, 360 Composition of the Population, 90 bridewealth, 87 Commonwealth of Independent States, bronze soldier, 305 306 Buachidze, Noi, 38 Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Budyonnovsk, 332 Russian Communist Party, 71 Budyonnyi, Semyon, 139 1961 Programme, 252 Bukhara, 36, 77, 85 Tenth Congress, 1921, 55 Bukharin, Nikolai, 54, 56, 67, 101, 359 Twelfth Congress, 1923, 67 Bukovyna, 184 Caucasian Bureau of, 65 Bund, 59, 81 Politburo, 97, 216 Burjanadze, Nino, 313, 318 Communist Party of Western Ukraine, Buryats, Buryatia, 225, 309, 311 65, 89 Conquest, Robert, 108 Caspian Sea, 295 Constituent Assembly, i, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, Catherine the Great, 149 31, 33, 34 Catholic Church, 232 Cossacks, 35, 37, 38, 139, 195, 223, 350 census Council of Europe, 307 1926, 79, 343 Council of People’s Commissars, see 1959, 247 Sovnarkom © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-11131-7 - Red Nations: The Nationalities Experience in and After the Ussr Jeremy Smith Index More information Index 385 coup attempt, August 1991, 279 Finns, Finland, 6, 15, 32, 172, 173, 175, 197 Crimea, 61, 152, 161, 193, 235 Civil War, 32 purge in 1928, 98 First Universal, 19 Crimean Tatars, 148, 150, 152, 154, 157, France, 208 158, 160, 194, 230, 235 Frumkina, Ester, 81 Curzon, Lord George, 183 Frunze, Mikhail, 61, 68, 86 Cyril and Methodius, Society of, 7 Czechoslovakia, 184 Gagauz, Gagauzia, 352, 354 Gamsakhurdia, Zviad, 285, 286, 341, 353 Dagestan, 39, 43, 253, 310, 333, 334 Ganja, 42, 284 Danube, 186 Gaziev, Rahim, 284 Dashnaktsutiun (Dashnak party), 7, 41, Geležinis Vilkas, see Iron Wolf 43, 45 Georgians, Georgia, 13, 21, 45, 47, 51, Davies, Robert, 109 64, 65, 68, 84, 92, 160, 208, 217, 223, Delba, M. K., 227 226, 236, 240, 245, 252, 269, 308, 318, demography, national, 112 325, 342, 348 Denikin, Anton, 30, 31, 43, 153 1924 revolt, 85 deportations, 121, 122, 147–59, 180–3, 196 1956 demonstrations, 198 Directory, Ukrainian, 29 civil war, 285 dissident movement, 231, 234 purge of 1951–1952, 144 Dnieper hydroelectric dam, 111 under Russian Empire, 7 Dniester river, 186 Germans, Germany, 28, 30, 33, 34, 40, 46, Doctors’ Plot, 144, 191 154, 170 Dudaev, Djokhar, 162, 286, 329, 333, 336 occupation, 151, 153, 177 Duranty, Walter, 107 occupation policies, 127 Dushanbe, 287 Germans Volga region, 149, 158, 160 Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 66 glasnost’, 230, 263, 277 Dziuba, Ivan, 222, 232 Gök-Tepe fortress, 1 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 162, 193, 230, 239, Eastern Europe, transition, 282 257–9, 261, 265, 271, 275, 278, 280, economic development, 251 329, 360, 361 Edighe, Khan, 140, 142 Gorbacheva, Raisa, 257 education policy, 91, 208–11, 216 Gori, 199, 349 Elchibey, Abulfaz, 283, 284 Göring, Hermann, 132 Enukidze, Abel, 120 Gorno Badakhshan, 288 environmental movements, 261–6 Gorskaya (Mountain) Autonomous Estonians, Estonia, 10, 22, 34, 35, 167, 175, Republic, 39, 50 200, 208, 214, 240, 245, 272, 274, 277, Gosplan, 206 290, 302, 308 Grachev, Pavel, 331 ethnic conflict, 41, 86, 253, 305, 317, 338 Great Britain, 36, 40, 42, 101, 170 Eurasian Customs Union, 306, 320 Great Russian chauvinism, 57, 61, 68 Eurasianism, 118 Great Terror, 98, 103, 119, 120, 149, European Union, 315, 325, 332 153, 154 Greek Catholic Church, 185 Farmers’ Union (Estonia), 167 Grinius, Kazys, 167 Federal Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Grozny, 38, 328, 332, 334 of Transcaucasia, 65 GUAM, 306 federalism, 62, 121, 238 Gudauta, 347 Fergana valley, 85 Gumilev, Lev, 118 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-11131-7 - Red Nations: The Nationalities Experience in and After the Ussr Jeremy Smith Index More information 386 Index Guria, 8 Jews, 59, 81, 133, 143, 155, 174, 176, Gylling, Edward, 102, 197 177, 235 in Russian Empire, 13 Hadrut, 267 plans to deport, 144 Haji, Uzun, 39 Jones, Gareth, 107 Hajibeyov, Uzeyir, 94 Harbi Shura, 27 Kabakhidze, Akakii, 66 Harvest of Sorrow, 108 Kabardins, Kabardino-Balkaria, 39, 50, 128, Helsinki Watch Group 153, 254 Moscow, 230 Käbin, Ivan, 218, 240, 241 Ukraine, Lithuania, Georgia, Kadyrov, Akhmed-Hadji, 335 Armenia, 230 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 335 Hetmanate, 28 Kafan, 338 history, 114–16, 225–9 Kaganovich, Lazar, 82, 88, 89, 204 History of the Kazakh SSR from the Earliest Kalanta, Romas, 236 Times to Our Days, 141 Kalmyks, Kalmykia, 158, 159, 311 Hitler, Adolf, 124, 126, 127, 128, 138, 145, national units, 141 155, 171, 187, 355 Kalnbe¯rzin¸š,Ja¯nis, 178, 212 Holodomor, see Ukraine, 1933 famine Kamenev, Lev, 64 Homo sovieticus, 255 Kantaria, M. V., 140 Hrushevskyi, Mykhailo, 93 Karabakh, Nagorno Karabakh, 14, 42, 51, Hrynko, Hryhorii, 82 75, 202, 224, 226, 233, 234, 267, 269, Hummet party, 14, 42, 59 278, 291, 296, 307, 336–41 Hungarian rising, 198, 200, 215 Karachais, 39, 50, 128, 156, 158 Husseinov, Suret, 284 Kara-Kyrgyz Autonomous Region, 76 Karelia, 33, 95, 103, 197, 225 Ibragimov, Mirza, 203 Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Ibragimov, Veli, 98, 213 Republic, 197 Ignalina, 263, 264 Karimov, Islam, 298 Ikramov, A., 120 Karotamm, Nikolai, 178 Ikramov, Maksud, 288 Kars, 45 Ilyumzhinov, Kirsan, 311 Kasymov, Sultan Kenesary, 141 India, 208 Kaunas, 236 industrialisation, 112 Kautsky, Karl, 46 Ingorovqa, Pavle, 227 Kazakh Division, 141 Ingush, Ingushetia, 37, 39, 151, 155, 158, 159, Kazakhs, Kazakhstan, 15, 35, 78, 86, 93, 196, 228, 329 94, 156, 162, 196, 245, 252, 260, 293, national units, 141 297, 305 internally displaced persons, 348 famine in, 106 Irkutsk, 182 sedentarisation in, 105 Iron Wolf (Geležinis Vilkas), 167 Kazan Socialist Committee, 59 Iskandarov, Akbarsho, 289 KGB, see secret police Islam, 104 Kharkiv, 28, 243 Israel, 143, 235 Khasavyurt, 333 Khasbulatov, Ruslan, 330 Jadidism, 7, 60 Khmara, Stepan, 222 Jalalabad, 78, 305, 317 Khmelnytski, Bohdan, 139 Javadov, Rovshan, 285 Khodzhaev, F., 120 Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, 143 Khodzhaev, T., 120 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-11131-7
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