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The Winter Season December 1, 1984-February 28, 1985

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The Winter Season December 1, 1984-February 28, 1985 CONTINENTAL SUIVEY The Winter Season December 1, 1984--February 28, 1985 NORTHEASTERN MARITIME REGION /Richard S. Heil With the understandingthat it is difficultto make generalcomments concerningthe weather,never mind avifaunal trends, in a Regionwhose diversityis reflectedin the starkdissimilarities between places such as the Avalon Peninsulaand the coastof Connecticut,the following state- mentsare made: Despite a colder-than-normalJanuary, the physidal elementsdealt to the winter of 1984-1985 were kind. The exceptionwas Newfoundland,where Decemberespecially was "colderand stormier thanaverage." Using Boston statistics as the Regionalmean, being the most readily availableto this editor, we see that Decemberaveraged nearly6 ø F abovenormal and that the temperaturereached a staggering 73ø on the 29th. A 20-day stretchof cold temperaturesJanuary 3-22 nearlyoffset Decemher's warmth but did not displaythe extremecold, with subzerotemperatures, evident in someseasons. February started out cold;but warm, spring-likeconditions prevailed from aboutFebru- ary 10-28. Precipitationwas well belowaverage throughout the Region for theentire season, resulting most importantly in greatlyreduced snow cover. Furtherameliorating this winter's hardshipwas a nearly universal abundanceof wild food crops.As describedby one ChristmasBird Countcompiler, Frank Mantlik, referringto the Westport,Connecticut. area, "Everythingfrom pines{white pine especially),hemlocks, oaks (acorns),and most berry-producingplants {winterberry, poison ivy, much of the coast,although an anomaloussum of 335 in BuzzardsBay bayberry)had what seemedto be bumpercrops." Likewise in thenorth Dec. 15 (C.B .C.) was still below severalrecent counts for thosewaters. countrypine and spruceyields were said to be abundant,as werefleshy Small flockswere correctlytermed "late" at far-inlandlocales, includ- fruitssuch as rose and mountain ash. As we shallsee, the implicationsof ing up to 20 at QuabbinRes., Mass., until Jan.26 (SK). SingleRed- a mega-berrycrop on frugivorenumbers was profoundly evident, while neckedGrebes were very unusualinland at Fairfield, Conn., Dec. 16 the relationshipof winter finchesto the local conecrop was much less (fide DV), at QuabbinRes., Jan. 6, andespecially one at Northampton, clear. Mass., Feb. 20. (fide SK). The only coastalassemblage worthy of Againthis winter a diversearray and often remarkable quantities of mentionwas of 140 + off the e. shoreof Miquelon I., Jan. 25, building semi-hardies,lingerers, and reversemigrants were reported, clearly to 263 Feb. 2 (fide RE). ThreeW. Grebesgraced the Region:once again respondingto the clementweather. The availabilityof open water in the Georgetown,Me., area,Dec. 15-Jan.9, at Rowley, Mass., Dec. seemed to be at the same time both conducive and non-conducive to 21-22 (D. Alexander), and at Nantucket I., Dec. 17-30 (K. Able). concentratingwaterfowl. depending on species.On theone hand, exten- A GreaterShearwater amidst a "seethingmass of gannetsand gulls" sive openwater may permit many speciesto remainwidespread and at NantucketI., Dec. 30 wasclearly and convincingly described (P. W. thereforenot evidentin appreciablenumbers, while certainother less Smithet al.). Largenumbers of N. Gannetsdid massin the watersalong hardymembers {teal, wigeon, Gadwall, shoveler) are induced to remain CapeCod and NantucketI. in December,then moved on as the winter in undiminishednumbers, perhaps avoiding the rigorsof migration. progressedand the local food supply presumably diminished. Totals of 6552 and 8662, respectively,were countedon the Cape Cod and Nan- LOONS THROUGH IBISES -- The only significantloon gatherings tucket C.B.C.s, and 1000+ were seenat S. Monomoy Dec. 23. Five camefrom the expectedlocations of NantucketI. and Martha's Vine- GreatCormorants were surprisingwell inlandalong the KennebecR. at yard. The combinedtotals of the 2 islands'C.B.C.s, both Dec. 30, AugustaDec. 29. At SakonetPt., R.I., 3256 GreatsDec. 16 was nearly equaled289 Red-throatedLoons and an above-average1394 Com. double last year's record count there on the C.B.C. Double-crested Loons. Arctic Loons were .describedfrom Gloucester, Mass., Dec. Cormorantsare now routinely seen throughoutDecember at choice 16 + (F. Hamlenet al.), andMonhegan I., Dec. 27 (C. Duncan).A 3rd coastallocations. particularly river mouths,as far n. as Maine. One Arctic Loon was said to have been "thoroughlyand convincinglyde- individualwas foundat MahoneBay, N.S., Dec. 19 (ELM), and eight scribed"at Lower W. Pubnico. N.S., Jan. 17-19 (fide PRD). A few werein theFredericton area (presumably on the St. JohnsR.), in interior Pied-billedGrebes lingered in interiorand n. partsof theRegion prior to New Brunswick,Dec. 16 (fide DSC). An astounding349 werecounted the Januaryfreeze, and one was still at PleasantL., YarmouthCo., on the New London, Conn., C.B.C., Dec. 29, and small numbers N.S., Feb. 18. HornedGrebes were present in depressednumbers along continuedto be foundinto January from Massachusettssouth. Evidence Volume39, Number2 145 of probableoverwintering in RhodeIsland was revealed by countsof GoldenEagles were very well reported,perhaps reflecting increased nine at both Galilee Feb. 10 and EdgewoodFeb. 27 (fide DLE). breedingactivity in the northeast,including: an adultDec. 26 at the Up to six Great Egretslingered into December,the northernmostat MartiniqueSanctuary, N.S. (IAM); an immatureJan. 30 at Prospect Hazel Hill, N.S., Dec. 2 (fide IAM). Otherswere present at Darien, Harbor, Me. (fide WCT); an adultplus two immaturesat the Quabbin Conn., Dec. 16; on the Stratford-Milford C.B.C., Dec. 29; at Adams- Res., Jan. 11; an immaturewintering at variousRhode Island coastal ville,R.f., Dec. 16; at Nantucket I., Dec. 30; a, nd finally one at Orleans, sitesDec. 29-Feb. 22; and an adult and an immatureat Essex,Conn., Mass., Dec. 6-16. Snowy Egretswere by comparisonscarce, with from mid-Decemberto March (fide DV). Merlins were much in evi- singlesat HyannisDec. 22 and at Martha's VineyardDec. 30, Green- denceat coastallocations from Nova Scotias., whilethe five Regional backedHerons, sansdetails, were reportedfrom both Massachusetts PeregrineFalcons this winter includedindividuals in Nova Scotia,and and Connecticutin December.A GlossyIbis was startlinglybehind in Newfoundland,at Cape St. Marys Dec. 19 (BM). Gyrfalconswere scheduleat Mason's I., Conn., Dec. 29, indicative of that month's presentagain in goodnumbers near St. Anthonyand L'anse-aux-Mead- relativetepidity (C. Taylor, G. Zepko). ows, whereDovekies were feedingabundantly near shore. Most of the 10 Gyrs sightedwere of the white phase(fide BM). ThreeGyrfalcons WATERFOWL -- Twelve TundraSwans were "present for several farthers. were all gray-phasebirds, at GrandPre, N.S., Decemberto weeks"prior to and on the Martha's VineyardC.B.C., Dec. 30. The February(m.ob.); at MonomoyI., Dec. 9 (BN); andpossibly the same only othersreported were from RhodeIsland, two at JamestownJan. 19 bird at TuckernuclcI., Dec. 31 (M. Litchfieldet al.). The latterbird was andone at SachuestPt., Feb. 13 (fideDLE). A freshly-deadMute Swan, seenpursuing and briefly lockingtalons with a Short-earedOwl. perhapsa bit tooerratic in its wanderings,was found at SableI., N.S., Feb. 19 (fide PRD). Small flocksand scatteredindividual Snow Geese RAILS THROUGH SHOREBIRDS -- A Yellow Rail was inadver- were found throughouts. New England, at interior sitesas well as tently flushedfrom the QuaiseMarsh on NantucketI., Dec. 31 (O. coastal,mostly in December.The biggestflock was of 27 at Plum I., Komar). Althoughthis one was locatedin a fresh-watermarsh, one Mass., Dec. 22. Four winteredin the E. Harwich area of•Cape Cod wondersif routine,peripheral circuits of saltmarshes during especially (BN), and one was locatedon the unusualdate of Feb. 1 at Saco, Me. hightides in thefall or mildearly winters might turn up this cryptic, but (fide WCT). CanadaGeese and dabblingducks generally persisted in not necessarilyrare, specieswith greaterfrequency. A ClapperRail above-averagenumbers, having lingered at migratorystopovers at least winteredat Week•paug,R.I. (fide DLE), andanother less hardy indi- until the onsetof freezingtemperatures in earlyJanuary. In Massachu- vidualwas .found freshly dead at S. Wellfleet, Mass., Feb. 5 (fideBN). setts,a sampleof elevatedcounts in this groupincluded: 6344 Canada The only King Rail waspresent at the "usualsite along the Connecticut Geeseon the ConcordC.B.C., Dec. 30, exemplaryof theirextraordi- R." at Old SaybrookDec. 30 (N. Proctor).Two SandhillCranes, first nary and continuedincrease in the Regionas much as of the weather; discoveredat Westerly.R.I., Dec. 22, were relocatedat Weekapaug tellingsums of 351 Green-wingedTeal, 74 N. Pintails,and 43 Gadwalls Jan. 13, wherethey remaineduntil at leastFeb. 20, representinga 3rd still in theNewburyport area salt marshes, Dec. 22; and20 N. Shovelers staterecord (fide DLE). onthe ice-free ponds of MonomoyPt., Dec. 9 (BN). A $ Gadwallat St. John's,Nfld., Nov. 15-Dec. 26 providedone of few definiterecords for theprovince (BM et al.). No fewerthan 11 Eur. Wigeonswere noted, in Massachusetts(four), RhodeIsland (four), andConnecticut (three). The bulk of RegionalCanvasbacks traditionally winter on Rhode Island pondsand estuaries,where a total of 3000 were at 2 sitesDec. 8 (fide DLE). In w. Newfoundland,Com. Eiderswere said to be scarceevery- where except L'anse-aux-Meadowswhere a flock of 300+ Jan. 20 includedonly onead. male(fide BMk). Oneplace where eiders were not scarcewas within the Nantucket !.
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