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Document Separator DSO00 Document ID Number 28618 I I I FieM Satnpling and Analyses Plan I Shorehatn. Yard Wood-Treating Sites I Prepared for I CP Rail Systetn I June 1995 I I I i I I Borr Engineering C~mpany I I I I I I I I I Field Sampling and Analyses Plan I Shoreham Yard Wood-Treating Sites I Prepared for I CP Rail System I June 1995 I I i I I Burr Er~lineenng C.ompa~ 8300 Norman Center Drive I Minneapol~t, MN 55437 Phone: (612) 832.2600 i Fax: (612) 832.2601 FIELD SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN I SHOREHAM YARD WOOD-TREATING SITES I REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION I SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION ....................... I-I SECTION 2 INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES ................. 2-1 2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES ...... 2-1 I 2.1.I Soil and Rock Borinqs - Purpose and Rational~ 2-1 2.1.2 Piezometers - Purpose and Rationale ........ 2-2 2.1.3 Monitorinq Wells - Purpose and Rationale ..... 2-3 2.1.4 Test Trenchinq - Purpose and Rationale 2-3 I 2.1.5 Surface Geophysical Methods - Purpose and Rationale ..................... 2-4 2.1.6 Borehole Geophysical Methods - Purpose and I Rationale ..................... 2 -4 2.2 SAMPLE LABELING CONVENTIONS ................ 2-5 2.2.1 Location Desiqnation 2-5 I 2.2.2 Labelinq Solid Samples .............. 2-7 2.2.3 Labelinq Fluid Samples .............. 2-8 SECTION 3 INVESTIGATIVE METHODS ................... 3-1 I 3.1 DRILLING METHODS ..................... 3-1 3.1.1 Hollow-Stem Auger Method ............. 3-1 3.1.2 Rotary Method ................... 3-1 I 3.1.3 Air Rotary Casinq Hammer ............. 3-2 3.1.4 Cable Tool Method ................. 3-3 3.1.5 "Rotasonic" Drillinq Method 3-4 3.1.6 Direct Penetration Methods ............ 3-5 I 3.1.7 Backfillinq Borinqs ................ 3-7 3.2 MONITORING WELLS AND PIEZOMETERS ............. 3-7 3.2.1 Construction and Desiqn Rationale ......... 3-7 I 3.2.2 Casinq Material 3-8 3.2.3 Screen and Filter Pack Selection ......... 3-9 3.2.4 Grout Seal .................... 3-9 I 3.2.5 Groutinq ..................... 3-10 3.2.6 Well and Piezometer Development .......... 3-10 3.3 BOREHOLE/WELL ABANDONMENT ................. 3-11 3.4 TEST TRENCHING/EXCAVATING ................. 3-11 I 3.5 SURFACE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS ................ 3-12 3.6 BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS ............... 3-18 3.7 SURVEY OF SOIL BORINGS, WELLS, AND TRENCH LOCATIONS .... 3-19 I 3.8 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION ................. 3-20 SECTION 4 SAMPLE qOLLECTION EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES ........ 4-1 4.1 SOIL SAMPLES ....................... 4-1 Q:\DOCS\26433_I\MST i I TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) 4.1.1 Split-Barrel Samplinq ............... 4-1 I 4.1.2 y~in-Wall (Shelby) Tube Samplers ......... 4-2 4.1.3 Continuous Hollow-Tuba Sampler .......... 4-2 4.1.4 Rotasonic Samplinq ................ 4-2 4.1.5 Grab Samples From Trenches and Excavations .... 4-2 I 4,1.6 Surficial Soil Samplinq .............. 4-3 4,1.7 Composite Soil Samples 4-3 4.2 GROUNDWATER SAMPLING ................... 4-4 I 4.2.1 General Requirement 4-4 4.2.2 Collection of Groundwater Samples by Bailer .... 4-5 4.2.3 Collection of Groundwater Samples by Dedicated Pum~ ....................... 4-5 I 4.2.4 Collection of Groundwater Samples from Temporary Well Points .................... 4-5 4.3 SURFACE WATER SAMPLING .................. 4-7 I 4.3.1 Surface Water Level Monitorinq ....... ¯ . 4-7 4.3.2 Surface Water Samplin~ .............. 4-7 4.3.3 Stormwater Diseharqe Samplinq ........... 4-7 I 4.4 SEDIMENT SAMPLING ..................... 4-8 4.5 AIR SAMPLING ....................... 4-8 4.6 QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES .................. 4-8 4.6.1 Trip and Field Blanks ............... 4-8 I 4.6.2 Field Duplicate Samples .............. 4-10 sEcTION 5 FIELD DATA COLLECTION METHODS AND PROCEDURES ....... 5-1 I 5.1 SOIL CLASSIFICATION METHODS ................ 5-1 5.2 SOIL SCREENING FOR WOOD TREATING RESIDUALS ........ 5-1 5.2.1 Visual/Olfactory ................. 5-1 5.2.2 Headspace Orqanic Vapor Screeninq ......... 5-1 I 5.2.3 Immunoassay Methods ................ 5-I 5.3 WATER SCREENING FOR WOOD TREATING RESIDUALS ........ 5-2 5.3.1 Visual/Olfactory ................. 5-2 I 5.3.2 Orqanic Vapor Headspace .............. 5-2 5.3 . 3 Immunoassay Methods ................ 5-2 5.3.4 G~eeneral Groundwater and Field Measurements .... 5-2 I 5.3.4.1 Water Level Monitoring ......... 5-2 5,3.4.2 General Parameters ........... 5-3 5.3.4.3 Geochemical Parameters ......... 5-3 5.3.4.4 Indicator Parameters .......... 5-3 I 5.4 FIELD LOGS 5-3 SECTION 6 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING .............. 6-1 I 6.1 FIELD METHODS ....................... 6-1 6.1.1 Sluq Tests .................... 6-I 6.1.2 Theis Recovery Test Methods ............ 6-1 I 6.1.3 S~ecific Capacity Test Method ........... 6-2 6.2 LABOEATORY/EMPIRICAL METHODS ............... 6-3 6.2.1 Grain Size Analysis ................ 6-3 I 6.2.2 Permeability Test ................. 6-3 Q: \DOCS\26433_I\MST ii I I TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) SECTION 7 MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATION-DERIVED WASTES ........ 7-1 I 7.1 CONTROL OF WASTE ..................... 7-1 7.2 TESTING OF WASTE ..................... 7-1 7.3 DISPOSAL AND/OR TREATMENT OF WASTES ....... ’ ..... 7-2 I REFERENCES I I I I I I I I I I I I I ! Q: \DOCS\26433_I\MST iii I I LIST OF TABLES I TABLE i Standard Designators for Investigation Locations I TABLE 2 Recommended Containers, Preservation, and Holding Times I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Q:\DOCS\26433_I\MST I I Section: 1 I Revision: 6/5/95 Date: 5/10/94 I Page: i of i SECTION 1 I INTRODUCTION This Field Sampling Plan {FSP) constitutes Part I of a standard Sampling I and Analysis Plan (SAP) for field activities conducted for the Shoreham Yard Wood-Treating Sites Remedial Investigation. The following tasks may be I implemented during the investigation: I Soil and rock sampling for description and geologic interpretation; Soil sampling for field screening of wood t[eating residuals and I laboratory analyses; Groundwater level monitoring; Groundwater sampling for field screening and laSoratory analyses; I Hydraulic conductivity testing; Surface water sampling and laboratory analyses; I Sediment sampling (in surface water bodies) and laboratory analyses; and I Airborne particulates sampling and laboratory analyses. I The separate Remedial Investigation Work Plan describes the overall .scope and objectives of the project, provides site-specific information relevant to each site, and describes the specific site investigation tasks to I be implemented. This FSP describes how the samples will be collected and is structured to provide a complete list of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) I for the investigation. I I I I Q:\DOCS\26433_I\MST 1 I I Section: 2 Revision: 6/5/95 I Date: 5/10/94 Page: 1 of 8 I SECTION 2 I INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES I 2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES Investigation activities may include: collection of samples of surficial soils for laboratory analysis of soil quality; test trench I excavation; soil and rock boring installation; collection of soil samples from test trenches and borings for description, geologic interpretation, I field screening, and laboratory analysis of soil quality; geophysical surveys; piezometer installations; monitoring well installations; water level I monitoring; groundwater quality sampling and analysis; surface water and sediment sampling; hydraulic conductivity testing; end land survey for I location and elevation of site features, test trenches, soil borings, piezometers, and monitoring wells. I In order to expedite the investigation schedule and to minimize cost, the use of field screening and field analysis methods will be employed I wherever feasible. Commercially available test kits (wet chemistry, immunoassay) may be used to define contaminant levels and screen for I contaminants in both soil and groundwater. Laboratory analyses will be used for correlation and confirmation of the field screening analysis. Following I is a description of the purpose of the primary investigative techniques and rationale for their use. I 2.1.1 Soil and Rock Borinqs - Purpose and Rationale I The objectives of soil and rock borings are to: I Obtain lithologic samples for soil description and lithologic interpretation to delineate the site stratigraphy; I I Q:\DOCS\26433_I\MST Section: 2 Revision: 6/5/95 Date: 5/10/94 Page: 2 of 8 Provide geological information that will aid in the design of proposed monitoring wells; Target specific historic structures and/or waste disposal areas to locate primary sources of wood treating residuals; Obtain soil samples to be field-screened for wood treating residuals; Obtain soil samples for laboratory analysis to confirm the horizontal and vertical extent of possible subsurface contamination; and Obtain soil samples for analysis of parameters that may be used in the screening of remedial alternatives. Borings will be the investigative technique of choice whenever direct measurements of lithology or soil quality are necessary, and when indirect techniques (i.e., geophysics) are not likely to provide sufficient detail about subsurface conditions. Data from soil and rock boringswill be~ recorded on Boring Log Forms (Attachment i) or on drilling log forms provided by the drilling contractor. 2.1.2 Piezometers - Purpose and Rationale Piezometers will be installed with the following objectives: ¯ Provide water level information; ¯ Characterize and confirm groundwater flow patterns; ¯ Obtain water samples for field screening; and Q:\DOCS\26433_I\MST 2 Section: 2 Revision: 6/5/95 I Date: 5/10/94 Page: 3 of 8 I Provide for in situ permeability characterization. I Piezometer constructions will be summarized in table format and Well Construction Forms (Attachment 2) or on well construction forms provided by I the drilling contractor.