DOCSLIB.ORG

Research Articles in Interpretation and Translation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Research Articles in Interpretation and Translation KSU - COLT’s RAIT King Saud University Research Articles In Interpretation and Translation @reemysn_art Issue 7 - Spring 2017 TO OUR DEAR READERS... RAIT is a compilation of research articles in the fields of translation and interpretation. All the articles presented in this magazine are written by a new generation of researchers; students enrolled in "Research Methodology" offered at the College of Languages & Translation, KSU. My deep gratitude to Dr. Najia and Dr. Reem for their continued support in such endeavors. Happy reading! ~ Dina Al-Sibai, Course Instructor 2 3 Business Name Translation of Collocations: Skills and Difficulties By Amjad Abdullah Al-Moraya Collocations in general mean putting things side by side. It is the same as in the linguistic field that collocations are a combination of words that are often used together, in a way that sound correct to native speaker .According to Fernán- dez, Prahlad, Rubtsova, and Sabitov, 2009, "a collocation is an expression consisting of two or more words that correspond to some conventional way of saying things. The words together can mean more than their sum of parts" (p. 2). In fact, translation of collocations is very important, but it has some difficulties. Collocations in English usually come as word pairs, but it can also take other elements, e.g., run out of sth the whole phrase will be considered as a collocation not just run out. However, collocation should be learned as single block or piece. Therefore, it will be memorized and remembered by the mind effectively. Collocations learning helps non-native speakers to speak and write fluently. In addition, it will help us to express ourselves in various ways (Altuwairesh, 2016; "Collocations," n.d.; Nesselhauf, 2005). According to Fernández, Prahlad, Rubtsova, and Sabitov, 2009, "A phrase is compositional if the meaning can be pre- dicted from the meaning of the parts (e.g.: new products). It is non-compositional if the meaning cannot be predicted from the parts (e.g.: hot dog, desktop publishing, soft skills)" (p. 2). Therefore, when it comes to the way we translate the collocation, usu- ally it cannot be translated word for word to the target language TL. The translator needs to know the meaning in both languages. Some can be translated literally and the others cannot. They also point out that idioms are observable examples of the non- compositional phrase. There are two ways to check the meaning of the collocations. The first way is to look up the meaning in the dictionary, as there is a specialized dictionary for the collocations, for example, the Oxford Collocations Dictionary. The other way is look up the meaning by using the corpus: "the International Corpus of Arabic and the Leeds Arabic Corpus offer concordance searches, which are, as we seen, very useful for collocations" (Newman & Husni, 2015, p. 178). More examples on the difference in translation of collocations between Arabic and English is seen in the verb "catch" in يصاب بالبرد/ يلحق بالباص/ ,English, when it collocates with other words such as, catch a cold, catch the bus, catch a fish. In Arabic in Arabic, when itضرب "It is clear that in Arabic it was translated using different verbs. And vice versa, the verb "hitيصطاد سمكة.. 4 In English, Zaidhit Omar/ Aضرب زيد عمر/ ضرب المدينة إعصار/ ضرب المعلم عدة أمثلة. ,collocates with other words such as hurricane struck the city/ The teacher provided many examples. As you can see above, the same verb in Arabic was translated using different verbs in English: "The meaning of collocate depends on the word that is associates with" (Izwaini, 2016, p. 310). On the whole, we need to pay attention to the words that combine with each, and we cannot put alternative words as we like. For instance, run the risk of we cannot use other words such as, run the dangerof or run the peril of, it is not possible or unusual (Nesselhauf, 2005). Just as, the word blonde is synonymous with fair, light, and bleach. However, it is right to say blonde hair, but you cannot say light hair. on the other hand, it is not correct to use blonde with door (Fernández, Prahlad, Rubtsova, & Sabitov, 2009). For this purpose, we should deal with the translation of collocations very carefully to avoid misunderstanding and mistranslation. References Altuwairesh, N. S. (2016). Teaching collocations in EFL classroom. Arab World English Journal, 7(4), 13-30. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com Collocations. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm Fernández, R. F., Prahlad, S. R., Rubtsova, E., & Sabitov, O. (2009). Collocations in the vocabulary English teaching as a for- eign language. ACIMED, 19(6), 1-5. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer Izwaini, S. (2016). The translation of Arabic lexical collocations. Translation & Interpreting Studies: The Journal of the Ameri- can Translation & Interpreting Studies Association, 11(2), 306-328. doi:10.1075/tis.11.2.09izw Nesselhauf, N. (2005). Collocations in a learner corpus. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.sa/books Newman, D. L., & Husni, R. (2015). Arabic-English-Arabic-English translation: Issues and strategies. Retrieved from https:// books.google.com.sa/books 5 Business Name Machine Translation Problems By Bushra Ahmad alkhualaif MT is an abbreviation used to refer to Machine translation, which is the most common computer-assisted translation method. It is based on computer software system that can do the process of translating texts from one language to another. How- ever, this translation method is sometimes not logical nor accurate to the context and has to be revised many times before assign- ing it. Also, human translation has similar problems as MT in translating; therefore, it is challenging as they stressed that "Human and machine translation each have their share of challenges" (Dhopavkar, Kshirsagar, & Malik, 2015). Therefore, MT has to be interfered by human translators to avoid its common linguistic, morphological, and syntax problems, while and after translating. According to Eydne (2015),"A good translation is one which conforms to the rules and idioms of the target language, while at the same time preserving – as much as possible – the meaning of the original" (p. 1).In other words, to have a perfect translation, it is necessary to follow the rules of the target language as well as maintain the original meaning at the same time. However, there are three knowledge types; monolingual, bilingual and linguistic which are considered to be the main issues for MT. Therefore, not having these important types of knowledge which usually humans can have, MT may not always give us a very good translation without human interference. In 2014, Shi, Ishida, and Lin emphasized that resolving the MT errors is an important step for the progression of machine translation. They stressed that, "In MT-mediated communication, translation errors lead to miscommunication" (p. 166). Hence, errors of machine translation may affect so many levels of communication, which will result in a weak or ambiguities communi- cation, for example, at the phrase, sentence and dialog level. Gobboreported that "the adaptivity feature of machine translation systems often requires human agents: what is difficult for machines is often trivial for humans" (p. 269). This explains that sometimes machine translation systems may need human help to adapt common errors in translating, as it is very easy for human translators to make the system translate properly. It was added that through persistent connection with the people using usage-based machine translation systems, it will help in the adap- tivity feature of MT (2015). 6 It is not an easy task to find out the appropriate ways which will let machine translationsystems produce a perfect and error-free translation: "It is very challenging to discover ways how machine translation can produce acceptable/publishable quality of translations" (p. 127). Therefore, human revision of one individual translation is necessary when using translation machine to avoid errors that might disturb the translation semantically and morphologically (Dhopavkar, Kshirsagar, & Malik, 2015). According to (Tanaka & Nagao, 1989), MT systems could produce many errors which may result in a weak transla- tion, that is even when men and machines are working together in a closely coupled system, errors would occur. However, humans can recognize most small errors easily and having them will not increase further errors: "In a closely coupled system, a small error that is recognized by a human member of the team does not give rise to further errors" (p. 194). Moreover, MT systems are different in use, so now the best commonand reliable used system is the rule-based and the statistical approach: “Nowadays, the most widely used MT systems (Hybrid) use the rule-based and the statistical approach" (Okpor, 2014, para. 3). References Dhopavkar, G., Kshirsagar, M., & Malik, L. (2015). Issues in automatic machine translation of natural language text. International Journal of Mind, Brain & Cognition, 6(1/2). Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com. Eydne, F. V. (2015). Linguistic issues in machine translation. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.sa/books?. Gobbo, F. (2015). Machine translation as a complex system, and the phenomenon of Esperanto. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex System, 13(2). Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ ehost/. Okpor, M. D. (2014). Machine translation approaches: Issues and challenges. International Journal of Computer Science Is- sues (IJCSI), 11(5), 159-165. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1617937023?accountid=142908 Shi, C., Ishida, T., & Lin, D. (2014). Translation agent: A new metaphor for machine translation. New Generation Compu- ting, 32(2). Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com Tanaka, H., & Nagao, M. (1989). Machine translation summit. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.sa/books? 7 Business Name English to Arabic Translation: Metaphors By Raghad A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • VOLUME 1 • NUMBER 1 • 2018 Aims and Scope
    VOLUME 1 • NUMBER 1 • 2018 Aims and Scope Critical Romani Studies is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal, providing a forum for activist-scholars to critically examine racial oppressions, different forms of exclusion, inequalities, and human rights abuses Editors of Roma. Without compromising academic standards of evidence collection and analysis, the Journal seeks to create a platform to critically engage with Maria Bogdan academic knowledge production, and generate critical academic and policy Central European University knowledge targeting – amongst others – scholars, activists, and policy-makers. Jekatyerina Dunajeva Pázmány Péter Catholic University Scholarly expertise is a tool, rather than the end, for critical analysis of social phenomena affecting Roma, contributing to the fight for social justice. The Journal Tímea Junghaus especially welcomes the cross-fertilization of Romani studies with the fields of European Roma Institute for Arts and Culture critical race studies, gender and sexuality studies, critical policy studies, diaspora studies, colonial studies, postcolonial studies, and studies of decolonization. Angéla Kóczé Central European University The Journal actively solicits papers from critically-minded young Romani Iulius Rostas (editor-in-chief) scholars who have historically experienced significant barriers in engaging Central European University with academic knowledge production. The Journal considers only previously unpublished manuscripts which present original, high-quality research. The Márton Rövid (managing editor) Journal is committed to the principle of open access, so articles are available free Central European University of charge. All published articles undergo rigorous peer review, based on initial Marek Szilvasi (review editor) editorial screening and refereeing by at least two anonymous scholars. The Journal Open Society Foundations provides a modest but fair remuneration for authors, editors, and reviewers.
    [Show full text]
  • Exonyms – Standards Or from the Secretariat  Message from the Secretariat 4
    NO. 50 JUNE 2016 In this issue Preface Message from the Chairperson 3 Exonyms – standards or From the Secretariat Message from the Secretariat 4 Special Feature – Exonyms – standards standardization? or standardization? What are the benefits of discerning 5-6 between endonym and exonym and what does this divide mean Use of Exonyms in National 6-7 Exonyms/Endonyms Standardization of Geographical Names in Ukraine Dealing with Exonyms in Croatia 8-9 History of Exonyms in Madagascar 9-11 Are there endonyms, exonyms or both? 12-15 The need for standardization Exonyms, Standards and 15-18 Standardization: New Directions Practice of Exonyms use in Egypt 19-24 Dealing with Exonyms in Slovenia 25-29 Exonyms Used for Country Names in the 29 Repubic of Korea Botswana – Exonyms – standards or 30 standardization? From the Divisions East Central and South-East Europe 32 Division Portuguese-speaking Division 33 From the Working Groups WG on Exonyms 31 WG on Evaluation and Implementation 34 From the Countries Burkina Faso 34-37 Brazil 38 Canada 38-42 Republic of Korea 42 Indonesia 43 Islamic Republic of Iran 44 Saudi Arabia 45-46 Sri Lanka 46-48 State of Palestine 48-50 Training and Eucation International Consortium of Universities 51 for Training in Geographical Names established Upcoming Meetings 52 UNGEGN Information Bulletin No. 50 June 2106 Page 1 UNGEGN Information Bulletin The Information Bulletin of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (formerly UNGEGN Newsletter) is issued twice a year by the Secretariat of the Group of Experts. The Secretariat is served by the Statistics Division (UNSD), Department for Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), Secretariat of the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Translitterering Och Alternativa Geografiska Namnformer
    TRANSLITTERERING OCH ALTERNATIVA GEOGRAFISKA NAMNFORMER Version XX, 27 juli 2015, Stefan Nordblom 1 FÖRORD För många utländska egennamn, i första hand personnamn och geografiska namn, finns det på svenska väl etablerade namnformer. Om det inte finns någon sådan kan utländska egennamn dock vålla bekymmer vid översättning till svenska. Föreliggande material är tänkt att vara till hjälp i sådana situationer och tar upp fall av translitterering1 och transkribering2 samt exonymer3 . Problemen uppstår främst på grund av att olika språk har olika system för translitterering och transkribering från ett visst språk och på grund av att orter kan ha olika namn på olika utländska språk. Eftersom vi oftast översätter från engelska och franska innehåller sammanställningen även translittereringar och exonymer på engelska och franska (samt tyska). Man kan alltså i detta material göra en sökning på sådana namnformer och komma fram till den svenska namnformen. Om man t.ex. i en engelsk text träffar på det geografiska namnet Constance kan man söka på det namnet här och då få reda på att staden (i detta fall på tyska och) på svenska kallas Konstanz. Den efterföljande sammanställningen bygger i huvudsak på följande källor: Institutet för de inhemska språken (FI): bl.a. skriften Svenska ortnamn i Finland - http://kaino.kotus.fi/svenskaortnamn/ Iate (EU-institutionernas termbank) Nationalencyklopedin Nationalencyklopedins kartor Interinstitutionella publikationshandboken - http://publications.europa.eu/code/sv/sv-000100.htm Språkbruk (Tidskrift utgiven av Svenska språkbyrån i Helsingfors) Språkrådet© (1996). Publikation med rekommendationer i term- och språkfrågor som utarbetas av rådets svenska översättningsenhet i samråd med övriga EU-institutioner. TT-språket - info.tt.se/tt-spraket/ I de fall uppgifterna i dessa källor inte överensstämmer med varandra har det i enskilda fall varit nödvändigt att väga, välja och sammanjämka namnförslagen, varvid rimlig symmetri har eftersträvats.
    [Show full text]
  • 37 Irene García Losquiño Universidad De Alicante Resum Des Del Segle
    Núm. 13 (Primavera 2019), 37-55 ISSN 2014-7023 CAMPS AND EARLY SETTLEMENT IN THE VIKING DIASPORA: ENGLAND, IRELAND AND THE CASE OF GALICIA Irene García Losquiño Universidad de Alicante e-mail: [email protected] Rebut: 9 febrer 2019 | Revisat: 26 abril 2019 | Acceptat: 25 maig 2019 | Publicado: 30 juny 2019 | doi: 10.1344/Svmma2019.13.5 Resum Des del segle IX al segle XI, els víkings van atacar constantment àrees com Anglaterra, Irlanda i Normandia. Durant les primeres fases dels assentaments, el campament víking (anomenat longphort en els annals irlandesos) apareix com un model d’estructura des del qual controlar el territori adjacent a rius i costes. Algunes d’aquestes estructures van evolucionar i es van tornar centres comercials i militars. En alguns casos, es van convertir en centres urbans i van ser el germen de ciutats com Dublín. Aquests campaments són fonamentals per a entendre el desenvolupament d’una fase de ràtzies a una d’assentament. No obstant això, aquests campaments no s’han trobat en altres regions menys estudiades de la diàspora vikinga, com és el cas de Galícia. Galícia va rebre atacs víkings durant tota l’Era vikinga i també va ser poblada per víkings, encara que a molta menys escala que a altres parts de la diàspora. En aquest article, presentaré les similituds dels campaments víkings d’Anglaterra i Irlanda i avaluaré quin tipus d’estructura es podria trobar a Galícia. Paraules clau: víkings, campaments, longphuirt, Galicia, assentament, Anglaterra, Irlanda Abstract From the ninth to the eleventh century, Vikings famously raided areas like England, Ireland and Normandy and started to settle there.
    [Show full text]
  • Onomastica Uralica
    Edited by RICHARD COATES KATALIN RESZEGI Debrecen–Helsinki 2018 Onomastica Uralica President of the editorial board István Hoffmann, Debrecen Co-president of the editorial board Terhi Ainiala, Helsinki Editorial board Tatyana Dmitrieva, Yekaterinburg Sándor Maticsák, Debrecen Kaisa Rautio Helander, Irma Mullonen, Petrozavodsk Guovdageaidnu Aleksej Musanov, Syktyvkar Marja Kallasmaa, Tallinn Peeter Päll, Tallinn Nina Kazaeva, Saransk Janne Saarikivi, Helsinki Lyudmila Kirillova, Izhevsk Valéria Tóth, Debrecen Technical editor Edit Marosi Cover design and typography József Varga The volume was published under the auspices of the Research Group on Hungarian Language History and Toponomastics (University of Debrecen–Hungarian Academy of Sciences). It was supported by the International Council of Onomastic Sciences, the University of Debrecen as well as the ÚNKP-18-4 New National Excellence Program of The Ministry of Human Capacities. The papers of the volume were peer-reviewed by Terhi Ainiala, Barbara Bába, Keith Briggs, Richard Coates, Eunice Fajobi, Milan Harvalík, Róbert Kenyhercz, Adrian Koopman, Unni-Päivä Leino, Staffan Nyström, Harry Parkin, Katalin Reszegi, Maggie Scott, Dmitry Spiridonov, Pavel Štěpán, Judit Takács, Peter Trudgill, Mats Wahlberg, Christian Zschieschang. The studies are to be found on the following website http://mnytud.arts.unideb.hu/onomural/ ISSN 1586-3719 (Print), ISSN 2061-0661 (Online) ISBN 978-963-318-660-2 Published by Debrecen University Press, a member of the Hungarian Publishers’ and Booksellers’ Association established in 1975. Managing Publisher: Gyöngyi Karácsony, Director General Printed by Kapitális Nyomdaipari és Kereskedelmi Bt. Contents GRANT W. SMITH The symbolic meanings of names .......................................................... 5 ANNAMÁRIA ULLA SZABÓ T. Bilingualism: binominalism? ................................................................. 17 ESZTER DITRÓI Statistical Approaches to Researching Onomastic Systems .................
    [Show full text]
  • A Toponomastic Contribution to the Linguistic Prehistory of the British Isles
    A toponomastic contribution to the linguistic prehistory of the British Isles Richard Coates University of the West of England, Bristol Abstract It is well known that some of the major island-names of the archipelago consisting politically of the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the UK Crown Dependencies are etymologically obscure. In this paper, I present and cautiously analyse a small set of those which remain unexplained or uncertainly explained. It is timely to do this, since in the disciplines of archaeology and genetics there is an emerging consensus that after the last Ice Age the islands were repopulated mainly by people from a refuge on the Iberian peninsula. This opinion is at least superficially compatible with Theo Vennemann’s Semitidic and Vasconic hypotheses (e.g. Vennemann 1995), i.e. that languages (a) of the Afroasiatic family, and (b) ancestral to Basque, are important contributors to the lexical and onomastic stock of certain European languages. The unexplained or ill-explained island names form a small set, but large enough to make it worthwhile to attempt an analysis of their collective linguistic heritage, and therefore to give – or fail to give – preliminary support to a particular hypothesis about their origin.* * This paper is a development of one read at the 23rd International Congress of Onomastic Sciences, Toronto, 17-22 August 2008, and I am grateful to the editors of the Proceedings (2009), Wolfgang Ahrens, Sheila Embleton, and André Lapierre, for permission to re-use some material. A version was also read at the Second Conference on the Early Medieval Toponymy of Ireland and Scotland, Queen’s University Belfast, 13 November 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sea Within: Marine Tenure and Cosmopolitical Debates
    THE SEA WITHIN MARINE TENURE AND COSMOPOLITICAL DEBATES Hélène Artaud and Alexandre Surrallés editors IWGIA THE SEA WITHIN MARINE TENURE AND COSMOPOLITICAL DEBATES Copyright: the authors Typesetting: Jorge Monrás Editorial Production: Alejandro Parellada HURIDOCS CIP DATA Title: The sea within – Marine tenure and cosmopolitical debates Edited by: Hélène Artaud and Alexandre Surrallés Print: Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa - Peru Pages: 226 ISBN: Language: English Index: 1. Indigenous Peoples – 2. Maritime Rights Geografical area: world Editorial: IWGIA Publications date: April 2017 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmak Tel: (+45) 35 27 05 00 – E-mail: [email protected] – Web: www.iwgia.org To Pedro García Hierro, in memoriam Acknowledgements The editors of this book would like to thank the authors for their rigour, ef- fectiveness and interest in our proposal. Also, Alejandro Parellada of IWGIA for the enthusiasm he has shown for our project. And finally, our thanks to the Fondation de France for allowing us, through the “Quels littoraux pour demain? [What coastlines for tomorrow?] programme to bring to fruition the reflection which is the subject of this book. Content From the Land to the Sea within – A presentation Alexandre Surrallés................................................................................................ .. 11 Introduction Hélène Artaud...................................................................................................... ....15 PART I
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Optimization Techniques for Human Language Technology
    COLING 2012 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Optimization Techniques for Human Language Technology Workshop chairs: Pushpak Bhattacharyya, Asif Ekbal, Sriparna Saha, Mark Johnson, Diego Molla-Aliod and Mark Dras 9 December 2012 Diamond sponsors Tata Consultancy Services Linguistic Data Consortium for Indian Languages (LDC-IL) Gold Sponsors Microsoft Research Beijing Baidu Netcon Science Technology Co. Ltd. Silver sponsors IBM, India Private Limited Crimson Interactive Pvt. Ltd. Yahoo Easy Transcription & Software Pvt. Ltd. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Optimization Techniques for Human Language Technology Pushpak Bhattacharyya, Asif Ekbal, Sriparna Saha, Mark Johnson, Diego Molla-Aliod and Mark Dras (eds.) Revised preprint edition, 2012 Published by The COLING 2012 Organizing Committee Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076 India Phone: 91-22-25764729 Fax: 91-22-2572 0022 Email: [email protected] This volume c 2012 The COLING 2012 Organizing Committee. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Nonported license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Some rights reserved. Contributed content copyright the contributing authors. Used with permission. Also available online in the ACL Anthology at http://aclweb.org ii Preface In decision science, optimization is quite an obvious and important tool. Depending on the number of objectives, the optimization technique can be single or multiobjective. We encounter numerous real life scenarios where multiple objectives need to be satisfied in the course of optimization. Finding a single solution in such cases is very difficult, if not impossible. In such problems, referred to as multiobjective optimization problems (MOOPs), it may also happen that optimizing one objective leads to some unacceptably low value of the other objective(s).
    [Show full text]
  • In the Iberian Peninsula and Beyond
    In the Iberian Peninsula and Beyond In the Iberian Peninsula and Beyond A History of Jews and Muslims th (15th-17 Centuries) Vol. 2 Edited by José Alberto R. Silva Tavim, Maria Filomena Lopes de Barros and Lúcia Liba Mucznik In the Iberian Peninsula and Beyond: A History of Jews and Muslims (15th-17th Centuries) Vol. 2 Edited by José Alberto R. Silva Tavim, Maria Filomena Lopes de Barros and Lúcia Liba Mucznik This book first published 2015 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2015 by José Alberto R. Silva Tavim, Maria Filomena Lopes de Barros, Lúcia Liba Mucznik and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-7418-3 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-7418-2 CONTENTS Vol. 1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter I – After the Expulsion: Conversion and Diaspora Mobilidade e alteridade: quadros do quotidiano dos cristãos-novos sefarditas .................................................................................................... 24 Maria José P. Ferro Tavares Muslims in the Portuguese Kingdom: Between Permanence and Diaspora .............................................................................................. 64 Maria Filomena Lopes de Barros The Perpetuation of the Morisco Community of Granada: Their Networks in the Iberian Peninsula and Beyond .............................. 86 Manuel M. Fernández-Chaves and Rafael M. Pérez-García Comparing Minorities of converso Origin in Early Modern Spain: Uses of Language, Writing and Translation ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Toponyms in Manila and Cavite, Philippines
    Marivic Lesho, Eeva Sippola Toponyms in Manila and Cavite, Philippines Abstract: This article examines place names in two Tagalog-speaking Philippine regions, the metropolitan area of Manila and the province of Cavite. The topo- nyms of the Spanish, American, and independent Philippine periods are com- pared, based on a sample from historical and contemporary sources including maps, articles, and geographical surveys. The place names include Tagalog endonyms related to local environmental features, religious and anthroponymic commemorative Spanish exonyms, and hybrid forms that combine Tagalog, Spanish, and/or English etymology. More recently, geo-classifiers from English are often found in hybrid forms. The results show that place-naming practices in Metro Manila and Cavite have shifted over time due to the contact between Ta- galog, Spanish, and English in the region, and they reflect political and ideolog- ical stances. Keywords: Tagalog, Spanish, English, toponyms, Manila, Cavite 1 Introduction This article studies place names in Tagalog regions of the metropolitan area of Manila and the province of Cavite in the Philippines. The Philippines were part of the Spanish empire from the 1500s to the late 1800s when, after the Philip- pine independence movement and the Spanish-American War, the islands fell under American control in 1898. The United States governed the islands until the country’s independence in 1946. These changes in local, colonial, and ad- ministrative powers provide a fascinating opportunity to compare place names from a historical perspective. In light of this background, our aim is to discover patterns and principles that govern place-naming practices in this area throughout different historical periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge-Based and Data-Driven Approaches for Geographical Information Access
    Knowledge-based and data-driven approaches for geographical information access Daniel Ferrés Domènech ADVERTIMENT La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del repositori institucional UPCommons (http://upcommons.upc.edu/tesis) i el repositori cooperatiu TDX ( http://www.tdx.cat/ ) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei UPCommons o TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a UPCommons (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del repositorio institucional UPCommons (http://upcommons.upc.edu/tesis) y el repositorio cooperativo TDR (http://www.tdx.cat/?locale- attribute=es) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio UPCommons No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a UPCommons (framing).
    [Show full text]
  • Paper and Watermarks As Bibliographical Evidence
    NEIL HARRIS Paper and Watermarks as Bibliographical Evidence Lyon 2017 Princess Fiona: You didn’t slay the dragon? Shrek: It’s on my “To do” list. Shrek (2001) The present second edition of Paper and Watermarks as Bibliographical Evidence, issued as a pdf. monograph for the benefit of readers who prefer books in a more traditional form, is identical, except for some distinctions in layout, to that published on line on the website of the Institut d’histoire du livre in Lyon in February 2017. Webmaster: dr. Sheza Moledina, Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon. ISBN 9782956042716 © Neil Harris 2010 and 2017. Proem This text is a bibliographical guide to texts and images relating to the history of paper and papermaking, mainly comprising the hand-papermaking period. Mechanical papermaking, beginning with the invention of the Foudrinier machine at the beginning of the Nineteenth century is briefly, but not exhaustively, treated. Its original purpose was to be included in the workbook of the eponymous course delivered at the École of the Institut d’histoire du livre in Lyon in 2009, and again in 2010, after which a “first edition” was published on the site of the IHL in the latter year. In its conception and execution, it was intended as a sister, or possibly daughter, text to the older, and much more respectable: Analytical Bibliography. An Alternative Prospectus, written to accompany the IHL course on material bibliography and first published on their site in 2002, with revised versions in 2004 and 2006. For all practical purposes, it shares the purpose of the earlier work in being intended for a readership of bibliographers, and possibly even book historians, or anyone seeking ways of obtaining evidence from paper.
    [Show full text]