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A History of 2 a History of Cornwall in 100 Objects Pears Soap Tamar Valley Protectionsociety, Saltash Shop Elliot’S Mevagissey Museum

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A History of 2 a History of Cornwall in 100 Objects Pears Soap Tamar Valley Protectionsociety, Saltash Shop Elliot’S Mevagissey Museum A History of Perranzabuloe LL IN 100 OBJECTS A Elliot’s Shop Surfboards Tamar Valley Protection Society, Saltash Perranzabuloe Museum, Perranporth A HISTORY OF CORNW 2 Pears Soap Mevagissey Museum Cornwall - culture beyond the beach Kernow - gonisogeth dres an treth A History of From Porthcurno to the Tamar, a History of Cornwall in 100 Objects explores Cornwall’s heritage through the many fascinating objects housed in the county’s museums, heritage sites, art galleries and historic houses. LL IN 100 OBJECTS A Inspired by, and part of, the BBC’s History of the World in 100 Objects, over 60 venues in Cornwall have contributed objects large and small from their historic collections. The 100 objects explore the people, places and stories of the county. During 2011, visitors can go into museums across the whole of Cornwall to see these objects on display. Further information can be found at: www.visitcornwallmuseums.co.uk ISTORY OF CORNW H The project has been co-ordinated by Cornwall’s Museum A Development Team. It has brought to light some wonderful, unexpected and quintessentially Cornish objects. 3 1. Spratt’s Diary Porthcurno Telegraph Museum LL A Once the ‘Nerve Centre of the Empire’, Porthcurno Telegraph Station connected Britain to the rest of the world through 150,000 miles of underwater telegraph cables. George ORNW Spratt, Assistant Superintendent, C kept this fascinating diary from 1870 until 1900. 01736 810966 EST W TR19 6JX www.porthcurno.org.uk 2. Mine Engine Levant Mine, near Pendeen This engine was built around 1840 by Harvey’s of Hayle and installed in an engine house at Levant Mine to haul the ore out of Skip Shaft. This is the oldest Cornish mine engine in existence and still operates! It can regularly be seen steaming. 01736 786156 TR19 7SX www.nationaltrust.org.uk 3. ‘Viva Geevor’ T-shirt Geevor Tin Mine, Pendeen In 1985 the world price of tin collapsed and Geevor Tin Mine – one of the last remaining Cornish tin mines – launched a ‘Viva Geevor’ campaign to help save the mine. In 1986 the miners and their supporters marched to Downing Street, but the government did not help and the mine closed in 1990. 01736 788662 4 TR19 6JX www.geevor.com 4. Stoping Drill Geevor Tin Mine, Pendeen LL Stoping drills were used in extracting A ore-bearing rock from mines all over Cornwall. Made in Camborne by the Cornish engineering firm Holman’s, this ‘silver stoper’ was used at Geevor in the 1970s and 80s. It was lighter than others ORNW and had an extendable leg for extra C height. 01736 788662 EST TR19 6JX www.geevor.com W 5. Quernstones Wayside Museum, Zennor Over two thousand years ago, quernstones were used for grinding corn and other grains and were a vital part of a Cornish Bronze-Age kitchen. These three quernstones come from the parish of Zennor - the stone would have been sourced from the cove below. 01736 796964 TR19 7SX www.visitcornwallmuseums.co.uk 6. Newlyn Copper Plaques Newlyn Art Gallery From the 1880s until the 1920s a community of British artists existed in Newlyn. They worked with the local fishing community to create employment and artistic pieces from local copper. These copper plaques, representing Earth, Air, Water and Fire were installed on the outside of Newlyn Art Gallery. 01736 363716 TR18 5PZ www.newlynartgallery.co.uk 5 7. Hurling Ball Penlee House Gallery & Museum, Penzance LL A Hurling was Cornwall’s national sport before rugby and is still played today. Hurling balls are the size of cricket balls and are made of applewood with a silver outer skin. This 1704 ball is inscribed in Cornish which ORNW translates as ‘Paul Parish - fair play is good C play’. 01736 363625 EST W TR18 4HE www.penleehouse.org.uk 8. Davy Safety Lamp Penlee House Gallery & Museum, Penzance It is strange that renowned chemist Humphrey Davy, born in Penzance, is best known today for an invention made primarily to help coal miners and rarely used in Cornish mines. This is an early example of his safety lamp, manufactured around 1817. 01736 363625 TR18 4HE www.penleehouse.org.uk 9. Fisherwoman on a Beach Penlee House Gallery & Museum, Penzance The artist Stanhope Forbes was a founder of the Newlyn School of painting, which changed the course of British art. This important study is an early preparatory work leading to his iconic painting, Fish Sale on a Cornish Beach of 1885. 01736 363625 6 TR18 4HE www.penleehouse.org.uk 10. Dolly Pentreath St Michael’s Mount LL This portrait shows Dolly Pentreath of A Mousehole. Dolly was a Cornish fishwife who gained the reputation of being the last native Cornish speaker, though opinion is divided. It was painted in the 1770s by John Opie, a fashionable portrait painter from Cornwall. ORNW 01736 710507 C EST TR17 0HT www.stmichaelsmount.co.uk W 11. Cork Model St Michael’s Mount St Michael’s Mount is a Cornish icon. It has been an abbey, a fortress, and for 350 years, the family home of the St Aubyns. Henry Lee was the butler on St Michael’s Mount for 49 years and made this model in the 1930s. It is carved from champagne corks and took almost 3 years to complete. 01736 710507 TR17 0HT www.stmichaelsmount.co.uk 12. Cooking Pot Marazion Museum Brass cooking pots were practical household items and traded over long distances. Made in Somerset, this rare pot dates from the 1690s. It is exactly the sort of object that a rich Marazion merchant would have owned. 01736 719411 TR17 0AP www.visitcornwallmuseums.co.uk 7 13. Folk Art Plaque LL A St Hilary Heritage Centre This painted panel, in the style of folk art, was made by Captain Willie Hopes of St Hilary. It shows Jesus Christ as the Good Shepherd and probably dates from ORNW the 1920s when St Hilary was nationally known for its Christmas Bethlehem play, broadcast annually on C BBC radio. 01736 710229 EST W TR20 9DQ www.visitcornwallmuseums.co.uk 14. Single Form Tate St Ives Barbara Hepworth Sculpture Gallery Barbara Hepworth is internationally acclaimed as one of Britain’s most influential sculptors and worked from her studio in St Ives from 1949 until her death in 1975. Single Form (September), created in 1961, is a beautifully carved piece of polished walnut wood. 01736 796226 TR26 1AD www.tate.org.uk/stives/hepworth 15. Huer’s Horn & Bushes St Ives Museum Until the early 1900s pilchard fishing was a major Cornish industry and pilchards were exported worldwide. From a good vantage point on the cliff a ‘huer’ would cry ‘Heva’ and use horns and semaphore bushes to indicate to waiting fishermen where the shoal was. 01736 796005 8 TR26 1PR www.visitcornwallmuseums.co.uk 16. Leach’s Wheel Leach Pottery, St Ives LL Founded in 1920 by Bernard Leach and Shoji A Hamada, the Leach Pottery in St Ives is probably the most famous and certainly the most influential studio pottery in the world. The smaller picture shows ORNW Leach’s potter’s wheel, C on display at the Leach Pottery. 01736 799703 EST TR26 2HE www.leachpottery.com W 17. Scoria Block Hayle Community Archive Copper ores from Cornish mines were smelted to produce metals. This process created a waste product called scoria. Until it closed in 1820, scoria from the Copperhouse Foundry at Hayle was shaped into blocks and used to construct many buildings in the town. 01736 753962 TR27 4DU www.haylearchive.org.uk 18. Delft Tile Godolphin House In the late 17th century Godolphin was the largest house in Cornwall. This 1690 Dutch tile is from one of their 48 fireplaces and features the dolphin from the family coat of arms. The Godolphins made their fortune from tin mining and clearly enjoyed the fashions of the day. 01736 763194 TR13 9RE www.nationaltrust.org.uk 9 19. Bickford’s Safety Fuse Trevarno Estate, near Helston LL A In 1831 William Bickford patented the ‘safety furze’; a fuse which burned at a steady rate to detonate explosives. This greatly reduced the number of injuries in Cornish mines and became a global lifesaver. Bickford’s ORNW grandson bought Trevarno in C 1874 from the proceeds of his grandfather’s invention. 01326 574274 EST W TR13 0RU www.trevarno.co.uk 20. Trengrouse’s Rocket Helston Museum Inspired by witnessing the wreck of HMS Anson in 1807, Helston man Henry Trengrouse’s design saved the lives of many thousands of people. A rocket carrying a strong rope was fired between the cliffs and the wrecked ship and brought ashore the crew and passengers on a chair. 01326 564027 TR13 8TH www.cornwall.gov.uk 21. Football Medal Poldark Mine, near Helston By 1874 emigrating miners had established thriving Cornish communities in Mexico, mining for silver and gold. These miners introduced football to Mexico and this medal is from the first international football game in 1902. It was won by J.M. Rule, a miner from Camborne. 01326 573173 10 TR13 0ES www.poldark-mine.co.uk 22. Tin Stamps King Edward Mine, near Camborne LL Stamps were large noisy machines A used to crush ore from Cornish mines. Californian stamps, developed during the gold rush in America in the 1840s, were an improvement on early Cornish ORNW stamps. They were introduced into C Cornwall by the end of the 19th century. 01209 614681 EST TR14 9DP www.kingedwardmine.co.uk W 23. Money Box King Edward Mine, near Camborne When Cornish miners emigrated to work in newly-discovered mining areas around the world, they took with them elements of their Cornish culture.
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