Chapter 2 Problems­key.notebook September 17, 2014

1. The radius of a Cl nucleus is 4.0 fm (femtometer), and the radius of a Cl atom is 100 pm (picometer). (1 fm = 1 X 10­ c) How many times larger is the volume of the atom than the volume of the nucleus? 15m; 1 pm = 1 X 10­12m). (The formula for the volume of a sphere is 4/3πr3).

a) How many times larger is the diameter of the Cl atom than the diameter of the Cl nucleus? 1.5 X 1013 Xs

25, 000 Xs larger

Density atom = 14.76 g/cm3 Density nucleus = 7.3 X 1014 g/cm3

40,000 ft = 7.6 mile

d) Compare the density of the Cl atom to the density of the Cl nucleus for a Cl­37 isotope of Cl. Determine the densities b) If you are standing in a 1 meter square block in room 388 (the chemistry room!) at Scarsdale High, and we make the in g/cm3. Note: the mass of 1 proton = 1.673 X 10­27 kg and the mass of 1 neutron = 1.675 X 10­27 kg. analogy the 1 meter is the diameter of the nucleus, calculate the distance in meters, feet, and miles that would represent the distance to the end of the entire atom. Note: 1 m = 3.20 ft, 1 mile = 5280 ft.

Sep 24­7:33 PM Sep 24­7:34 PM

50. Identify the elements that correspond to the following atomic numbers. Label each as either a noble gas, a halogen, an alkali 57. What is the isotopic notation for an ion with 63 protons, 60 electrons, and 88 metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a lanthanide metal, or an actinide metal. neutrons?

a) 17 Cl halogen

b) 4 Be alkaline earth metal 151 3+ 118 2+ Eu Sn 63 50 c) 63 Eu lanthanide

d) 72 Hf transition metal What is the isotopic notation for an ion with 50 protons, 48 electrons, and 68 neutrons

e) 2 He Noble gas

f) 92 U actinide

g) 55 Cs alkali metal

Sep 24­7:35 PM Sep 24­7:35 PM

Write formulas for the following compounds

63. Name the following compounds e) Strontium fluoride SrF2

a) NaBr sodum bromide

f) Aluminum selenide Al2Se3

b) Rb2O rubidium oxide

g) Potassium nitride K N c) CaS calcium sulfide 3

aluminum iodide d) AlI3 h) Magnesium phosphide Mg3P2

Sep 24­7:36 PM Sep 24­7:36 PM 1 Chapter 2 Problems­key.notebook September 17, 2014

Write formulas for the following compounds 64. Name the following compounds e) Tin(II)nitride Sn3N2 a) Hg2O mercury (I) oxide/mercurous oxide

f) Cobalt(III)iodide CoI3

b) FeBr3 iron(II)bromide/ferric bromide

g) Mercury(II)oxide HgO c) CoS cobalt(II)sulfide/cobaltous sulfide

h) Chromium(VI)sulfide CrS3

d) TiCl4 titanium(IV)chloride

Sep 24­7:37 PM Sep 24­7:37 PM

65. Name each of the following compounds 66. Write formulas for each of the following compounds:

a) CsF cesium fluoride a) Zinc chloride ZnCl2

b) Tin(IV)fluoride SnF4 b) Li3N lithium nitride

c) Calcium nitride Ca3N2

c) Ag2S silver sulfide d) Aluminum sulfide Al2S3

d) MnO2 manganese(IV)oxide e) Mercury(I)selenide Hg2Se

f) Silver iodide AgI

e) TiO2 titanium(IV)oxide

f) Sr3P2 strontium phos[phide

Sep 24­7:38 PM Sep 24­7:39 PM

67. Name each of the following compounds: 68. Write formulas for each of the following compounds:

a) BaSO3 barium sulfite a) Chromium(III)hydroxide Cr(OH)3

b) NaNO2 sodium nitrite b) Magnesium cyanide Mg(CN)2

c) KMnO4 potassium permanganate c) Lead(IV)carbonate Pb(CO3)2

d) K2Cr2O7 potassium dichromate d) Ammonium acetate NH4C2H3O2

Sep 24­7:40 PM Sep 24­7:40 PM 2 Chapter 2 Problems­key.notebook September 17, 2014

69. Name each of the following compounds 70. Write the formula for each of the following compounds:

a) NO2 nitrogen dioxide/nitrogen(IV)oxide a) Diboron trioxide B2O3

b) Arsenic pentafluoride AsF5 b) ICl3 iodine trichloride/iodine(III)chloride

c) Dinitrogen monoxide N2O

c) SO2 sulfur dioxide/sulfur(IV)oxide d) Sulfur hexafluoride SF6

d) P2S5 diphosphoroue pentasulfide/phosphorous(V)sulfide

Sep 24­7:41 PM Sep 24­7:41 PM

72. Name each of the following compounds. Assume the acids are dissolved in water.

71. Name each of the following compounds: a) HC2H3O2 acetic acid

a) CuI copper(I)iodide/cuprous iodide

b) NH4NO2 ammonium nitrite

b) CuI2 copper(II)iodide/cupric iodide

c) Co2S3 cobalt(II)sulfide/cobaltic siulfide

c) CoI cobalt(II)iodide/cobltous iodide 2 d) ICl iodine chloride

d) Na2CO3 sodium carbonate e) Pb3(PO4)2 lead(II)phosphate/plumbous phosphate

f) KClO3 potassium chlorate e) NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate (or sodium bicarbonate)

g) H2SO4 sulfuric acid f) S4N4 tetra sulfur tetranitride

h) Sr3N2 strontium nitride

g) SF4 sulfur tetrafluoride/sulfur(IV)fluoride

i) Al2(SO3)3 aluminum sulfite h) NaOCl sodium hypochlorite j) SnO2 tin(IV)oxide/stannic oxide

i) BaCrO4 barium chromate k) Na2CrO4 sodium chromate

j) NH4NO3 ammonium nitrate l) HClO hypochlorous acid Sep 24­7:42 PM Sep 24­7:43 PM

75. Knowing the names of similar chlorine oxyanions and acids, deduce the names of the following:

IO­ HIO hypoiodic acid 73. Elements in the same family often form oxyanions of the same general formula. The anions are named in a similar fashion. What are the names of the oxyanions of selenium and tellurium?

IO2­ HIO2 iodous acid 2­ a) SeO4 selenate

2­ ­ b) SeO3 selenite IO3 HIO3 iodic acid

2­ c) TeO4 tellurate ­ IO4 HIO4 periodic acid 2­ d) TeO3 tellurite

Sep 24­7:44 PM Sep 24­7:44 PM 3 Chapter 2 Problems­key.notebook September 17, 2014

77. Write the formula for each of the following: 76. Write the formula for each of the following:

a) Chromium(VI)oxide CrO3 a) Sulfur difluoride SF2

b) Sulfur hexafluoride SF6 b) Disulfur dichloride S2Cl2

c) Sodium dihydrogen phosphate NaH2PO4 c) Nickel(II)fluoride NiF2

d) Lithium nitride Li3N

d) Potassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO4 e) Chromium(III)carbonate Cr2(CO3)3

f) Tin(II)fluoride SnF2 e) Aluminum nitride AlN

g) Ammonium acetate NH4C2H3O2 f) Ammonia NH3

h) Ammonium hydrogen sulfate NH4HSO4

g) Manganese(IV)sulfide MgS3 i) Cobalt(III)nitrate Co(NO3)3

j) Mercury(I)chloride Hg2Cl2 h) Sodium dichromate Na2CrO4

k) Potassium chlorate KClO3

i) Ammonium sulfite (NH4)2SO3 l) Sodium hydride

j) Carbon tetraiodide Sep 24­7:45 PM Sep 24­7:47 PM

78. Write formulas for each of the following compounds: 79. Write the formula for each of the following compounds:

a) Sodium oxide Na2O a) Ammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4

b) Sodium peroxide Na2O2 b) Mercury(I)sulfide Hg2S

c) Potassium cyanide KCN

c) Silicon dioxide SiO2

d) Copper(II)nitrate Cu(NO3)2

d) Sodium sulfite NaSO3

e) Selenium tetrabromide SeBr4

e) Aluminum hydrogen sulfate Al(HSO4)3

f) Iodous acid HIO2

f) Nitrogen trichloride NCl3

g) Lead(IV)sulfide PbS2

g) Hydrobromic acid HBr

h) Copper(I)chloride CuCl

h) Bromous acid HBrO2 i) Gallium arsenide GaAs

i) Perbromic acid HBrO4 j) Cadmium selenide CdSe

j) Potassium hydrogen sulfide KHS k) Zinc sulfide ZnS

k) Calcium iodide l) Nitrous acid Sep 24­7:48 PM Sep 24­7:49 PM

l) Cesium perchlorate m) Diphosphorous pentoxide

80. Name the following acids:

a) HNO nitric acid 3 91. The formulas and common names for several substances are given below. Give the systematic names for these substances.

a) Sugar of lead Pb(C2H3O2)2 lead(II)acetate/plumbous acetate b) HClO4 perchloric acid

b) Blue vitriol CuSO4 copper(II)sulfate/cupric sul;fate c) HC2H3O2 acetic acid

c) Quicklime CaO calcium oxide d) H2SO4 sulfuric

d) Epsom salts MgSO4 magnesium sulfate

e) H3PO4 phosphoric

e) Milk of magnesia Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide

f) Laughing gas N2O dinitrogen monoxide/nitrogen(I)oxide

Sep 24­7:51 PM Sep 24­7:51 PM 4