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Management of Channel Catfish Ictalurus Punctatus in the Missouri River, Nebraska Brandon L University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations & Theses in Natural Resources Natural Resources, School of Winter 12-3-2014 Management of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in the Missouri River, Nebraska Brandon L. Eder University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natresdiss Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons Eder, Brandon L., "Management of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in the Missouri River, Nebraska" (2014). Dissertations & Theses in Natural Resources. 102. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natresdiss/102 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Natural Resources, School of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses in Natural Resources by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. MANAGEMENT OF CHANNEL CATFISH ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER, NEBRASKA By Brandon L. Eder A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major: Natural Resource Sciences Under the Supervision of Professor Mark Pegg Lincoln, Nebraska December 2014 MANAGEMENT OF CHANNEL CATFISH ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER, NEBRASKA Brandon L. Eder, M.S. University of Nebraska, 2014 Adviser: Mark A. Pegg The popularity of catfish Ictaluridae nationally as a sport fish is well documented and angling for catfish on the Missouri River in Nebraska (NMR) is especially popular. Catfish monitoring program by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) began in 1974 and several short-term evaluations of Channel Catfish population dynamics have been performed. However, no long term analyses of population characteristics have been conducted since the early 1990s. The focus of this research was to summarize the status of Channel Catfish populations in the NMR and give recommendations for future management. I summarized population characteristics, modeled length limit regulations, and assessed the feasibility of a survey design aimed at gathering effort and catch data from setline anglers. Population characteristics varied among the four reaches studied. Channel Catfish in the upper unchannelized reach had relatively low mortality, moderate population densities and a long life span. The lower unchannelized reach had a population of small, slow growing Channel Catfish with high mortality rates. Population characteristics in the upper channelized reach were similar to those of the lower unchannelized reach except relative abundance was greater. The lower channelized reach had the highest mortality and the fastest growing, shortest lived fish in the study. Modeling revealed all reaches except the lower unchannelized reach could benefit from a 380-mm minimum length limit. In all cases, mean total length, mean weight, and yield would increase with a minimum length limit. A maximum length limit would likely not be effective for growing trophy sized fish in the upper unchannelized reach. Setlining is an unknown aspect of the Missouri River catfish fishery, and methods described in this study appear to be a feasible alternative to traditional creel surveys for estimating setline effort and catch. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is dedicated to my sons Ryan, who knew a Pumpkinseed from a Bluegill before he was old enough to hold a rod, and Evan, the strictest catch and release two-year old around. Better run boys, it’s a Walleye attack! Thanks, to my wonderful wife, Becky for always asking “why don’t you go fishing”? I’m not sure if she wanted me to get away or go away…either way, I’m grateful. Thanks, also, to my dad, Mike, who taught me everything I know about fishing and laid the foundation for my love of the outdoors and to my mother, Sharon, for her patience and understanding when the fridge was full of bait or the floor was covered in scales. Thank you, all. Thank you to Mark Pegg, my advisor throughout this process for putting up with my hack writing skills and often absent minded-logic. I couldn’t have done it without your help, and I don’t think I would have even tried! Thank you to all the members of my graduate committee – Rick Holland, Vince Travnichek, and Gerald Mestl. Thank you, Vince, for being willing to make the drive to Lincoln – although, I guess you probably got to sleep in. Thank you, Gerald for being willing to allow me to pursue my degree while employed at the NGPC – again, I could not have done it any other way. This was a big project with big data. The people who have worked on the NGPC catfish monitoring program are too numerous to name individually, so I thank them here, as a group. I will point out some folks individually. First are those who reviewed early versions of this thesis – Ben Neely, Kirk Steffensen, Marty Hamel, and Jonathan v Spurgeon. Thank you for all your comments and criticisms. Also, thank you to all who assisted me in the field – Ryan Ruskamp, Josh Wilhelm, Randy Duis, Jamie Spooner, Thad Huenemann, Dane Pauley, Seth Lundgren, and Alex Paul…No one wants to set trotlines without hooks or bait – what’s the point? Thank you to Dylan Turner and Marty Hamel (again) for providing access to UNL data no matter how many times I requested the same thing. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... iv CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES..................................................... 1 LITERATURE CITED ............................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER 2 – TEMPORAL TRENDS OF CHANNEL CATFISH POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER, NEBRASKA ................................. 8 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 8 METHODS.............................................................................................................. 10 Study Area............................................................................................................ 10 Field sampling ..................................................................................................... 10 Laboratory preparation ....................................................................................... 11 Data analysis ....................................................................................................... 11 RESULTS................................................................................................................ 14 Age and growth .................................................................................................... 15 Mortality .............................................................................................................. 16 Size structure ....................................................................................................... 16 Condition ............................................................................................................. 17 Relative abundance .............................................................................................. 17 Recruitment .......................................................................................................... 19 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 19 vii CHAPTER 3 – MODELING LENGTH LIMIT REGULATIONS FOR CHANNEL CATFISH ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER, NEBRASKA. .. 58 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 58 METHODS.............................................................................................................. 60 Study Area ............................................................................................................... 60 Data analysis ....................................................................................................... 61 RESULTS................................................................................................................ 63 Upper unchannelized reach – minimum length limit........................................... 63 Upper unchannelized reach – one over length limit............................................ 65 Lower unchannelized reach ................................................................................. 65 Upper channelized reach ..................................................................................... 66 Lower channelized reach ..................................................................................... 68 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 69 LITERATURE CITED ........................................................................................... 73 CHAPTER 4 – SETLINE ASSESSMENT ON THE CHANNELIZED MISSOURI RIVER, NEBRASKA ..................................................................................................... 100 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 100 METHODS............................................................................................................ 102 Study area .........................................................................................................
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