PE 3i August 12, 1966,

Ileoision 0f G.P.C. Gentral Gommittee lI Soncerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Reyolution 4 (Adopted on August 8, 1966) C.P.C. Centrol Committee Decides On Lorge-Scole Publicqtion of A Choirmon Mqo's Works

,ru Peking Commemorotes Choirmon Mao's Stotement Supporting American Negroes' Struggle Aug. 72, l9(fr PEKII{G REVIEW Vol. 9, No. 33

Published in English, French, Sponish, Joponese ond Germon editions

THE WEEK Pokiston Porliomentory Delegotion in Feking; Choirmon Liu Receives Zombion Goodwill Mission; Chino Firmly Supports Combodio; Upholding Glorious Trodition of Movement Agoinst Atomic ond Hydrogen Bombs; lndion Govern- ment's Monoeuvres for "Two Chinos" Protested; lndonesion Government Reb+ked for Occupying Chinese Mission Premises (p. 3)

ARTICLES AND DOCUMENIS . Decision of the Centrol Committce of the Chinese Com- munist Porty Concerning the Greot Proletcrion Cul- turol Revolution (Adopted on August 8, 1966) (p. 6) Statement Supporting the Americon Negroes in Their Just Struggle Agoinst Rocicl Discriminotion by U.S. lm- periotisrn - Moo Tse-tung (p. 12) C.P.C. Centrol Cornmittee Decides on Lorge-Scole Publi- csticn of Choirmon Moo's Works (p. 13) Notionol Conference on the Work of Printing ond Distributing Choirmon Moo's Works (p. 14) A Greot cnd Joyous Event for People in the Whole Country Renmin Ribao editoriol (p. 16) - Chcimcn Mcto's Swim in the Yongtse lnspires the People of Chino and the World (p. 17) i Support Americon Negroes' Use of Revolutionory Violence Agoinst Counter. ' Revolutionory Violence (p. 19) I Speech by Kuo Mo-jo (p. 20) Messoge Frcm the Rolly (p. 21) Speech by U.S. Negro Leoder Robert Wiiliorns (p. 24) The Chine_se People's- Most Precious Gift to the World's Feople Tributes lo Moo Tse-tung,s Thought From Afro-Asion Writers Touring C'hino- (p, 2S)-- No One Can Blocl ttrc Eyes ond Eors of the Whole World Renmin Ribao Commentotor (p. 31) - Roising High the Greot Red Bonner of Moo Tse-tunq's Thouqht ond Wrothfullv Denouncing Chou Yong, Ringieoder of the Sini-ster Gcig in Literoii onf Art Circles (p. 32) . Moo Tse.tung's Thought ls o Composs for All People Aspiring to Chonqe the World-V. G. Wilcox greets the 45th onniversory of the founding of the Communist Porty of Chino (p. 38)

Published every Fridoy by PEKING REVIEW Poi Won Chuong, Peking (37), Ch;no Post Office Regislrotion No.2-922 Ccble Address: Peking 29IO Prir*ed io the People's Republic of Chino THE WEEK Wzk/.////zu.W//r'4///////ry2/M//.//w/////ww// /,v///y/////,//1/////2.2.///////.v,2// vt/z,/rz,

bian guests and later gare a dinner Palcistan Parliarnentary Delegation in their honour. ln Peking The Zambian goodwill mission left Peking for home on August 6. A BDUL JABBAR KHAN. Speaker assistance and support given by you '1 l- o[ the Nationai Assemb].y of Pa- to us in the hour. of our national Chino Firmly Supports par'1ia- peril has become engt'aved in our l kistan, and his u,ife and the Csmbodis mentary delegation he headed arrived people's conscience and has further On August 7 the Chinese Ministry in Peking on August '7 on a visit to cemented the bonds that tie our turo of Foreign Affairs issued a statement China at the invitation of Chu Teh, countries together." He added that firmly supporting the August 3 state- Chairman of Standing Com- the Pakistan people gleatly rralued the ment of the Royal Government of mittee of the National People's Con- China's support to the just cause of Cambodia on 1.he continuous air in- gress. Warmly greeting the Pakistan the people of Jammu and Kashmir trr-rsions over that country and the guests at the airport rvere Chailman norn, slruggling for the right to de- u'anton bombing of a Cambodian Teh rvife nlore cide theil o'wn future. He noted that Chu and his and border village by aircraft of U.S. im- 1,000 people from all rvalks of their struggle might be hard, but it than periali-sm and its south Vietnamese u'ould certainly be victorious in the life in the capital. vassal. and strongly condemning the end. In the evening, Chairman and nen' criminal act of agglession conr- Mme. Chu Teh gave a banquet in Jabbar I(han also told the gather- mitted by U.S. imperialism and its honour oI the Pakistan guests. In ing that the Pakistan people had south Vietnamese lackeys. great gitted his speech, Chu Teh reiterated: The respect for the and in- The Chinese Foreign l\'Iinistr5"s people Chinese people firmly support ti:e dustrious of China and admi- statement said: "On Ju15,31 and Pakistan people in their just strug- red the achievements they had scored, August 2, atrcraft of U.S. imperial- of gle to safeguard national indepen- under the brilliant leadership ism and its south Vietnamese vassal dence and firmly support the Kash- Chairman Mao Tse-tung, in the intruded into Cambodian air space miri peopie in their struggle for the econcmic and social development of three tinres in successiotr to carrl' out right to self-determination. This their n-rotherland on the basis of r,l'anton bombing of a bor-del' r'----ge principled stand of ours is consistent self-reliance. He continued: "Pak- in Kompong Chanl h-cvi:'rce- klllng and unshakable. He plaiseci thc istan does not believe that'the Chi- three and u'ou:-.ri::-.3 ::-:e ::::-:c:nE Pakistan people for their remalk- nese people threaten an)'one. \Ye inhab::a::ts and ea,;sing bearl- dam- able success in opposing outside ir-r- believe that the'Ci:inese people suo- age io that peaceful viliage. On tervention. resisting foreign aggLes- port the s-a5s of iriendl5- cmpera- August 3 the Ro5'al Gor-ernment of sion and consoiidating their nationai tion u-ith other peoples. In this our Cam'oodia issued a statement most independence. t$-c peoples stand together." strongly protesting against this and Chu Teh spoke of the deep friend- appealing to the peace-loving coun- Choirmon Liu Receives Zombisn ship forged between the Chinese tries and people to take necessary and Pakistan peoples in opposing Goodwill Mission measures to stop the aggression. The Government and imperialism and colonialism, winn- Chalrman Liu Shao-cl-ri on August Chinese PeoPIe firmly support the statement of the ing and safeguarding nationai inde- 5 received Justin Chimba, Zambian Royal Government of Cambodia and pendence and building up their re- Minister of Commerce and Industlv, strongly condetnn U.S. imperialism spective countries. He said: "The and members of the goodwill mis- and its south Vietnamese vassal for friendship betw-een our trvo coLrn- sion he led. Tlrey had a coldiai and, their ner,v criminal act of aggression." tries accords with the fundamental friendiy conversa,tion. interests of our tr,,zo peoples. At- said that the re' The Zarhbian goodwill mission ar- The slatement tempts by the imperialists and reac- peated bombing of Cambodia's rived in Peking on juiy 31 and was tionaries to sorv discord betlveen us peacef u1 villages by U.S. aircraft greeted by more than 1,000 people at wili not be tolerated by tire people that U.S. imperialism would the airport. Acting Minister of shorved of our trvo countries and are doorned never give up its aggressi'u'e deslgus tr'oreign Trade Lin Hai-yun and to faiiure." Carnbodia and that it r,l'as Vice-President of the Chinese- against vigorously pressing ahead with its Abdul Jabbar Khan, in his speech, African People's Friendship Associa- adventurist scheme for exPanding said that the friendship betrveen tion Nan Han-chen gave a banquet the of aggression in and around Pakistan and China rvas no[ a mat- for the mission the same day. Among 'rar south Vietnam. ter of expediency and that those those who attended was Vice-Pre- who tried to sabotage it'uvould never mier Chen Yi. On August 3, Pre- Pointing out in particular that the succeed. He said: "The invaluable mier Chou En-iai received the Zam- latest three successive violations of

AtLgust 12, 1966

I Cambodian territory by U.S. impe- the world conference, worked hand acclaimed v,,ith special warmth the ria[sm had taken plaee at a time in glove with the Soviet modern re- message sent to the conference by when the Johnson Administration visionists who had all along been Premier Chou En-lai, which gave was making a series of "friendly" sabotaging the conference, and reject- tremendous encouragement and sup- gestures to Cambodia, the statement ed the demand of foreign delegates port to the broad masses of the Ja- declared: "The facts have relent- that the representative of the World panese people and to the delegates iessll- exposed the hypocrisy of the Federation of Democratic Youth, from various countries. Jc.lrnson Administration. They tell which is controlled by the Soviet William Morrow oI Aurstralia.. in p:cpie that the 'nice words' of U.S. revisionist leading clique, be barred his speech about the Tok-vo con- !:rpenalism are not to be trusted and flom attending the conference. These ference, told the gatl.rering that r,r.hen tl:at its aggressive nature will never foreign delegates gave a press con- the ieaders of Gensuikyo turned change." ference in Tokyo early in the morning down the just request of the fttreign "The Chinese people 'rvill for ever of August 3 and released a statement cielegates, the latter sharply pointed remain the most trustu,orthy friend which condemned some leaders of out to them that since a co-operation of the Cambodian people in their ju.st the Japan Council Against Atomic agreement hiid been reached between cause of opposing U.S. imperialism and Hydrogen Bombs for trampling the Sato govelnment and the Soviet and its lackeys," the statement cot't- underfoot the glorious tradition of Governn:ent, acceptance of the rep- cluded. Gensuikyo against U.S. imperialism resentative of the Worid Federatiorr and its lackeys and against the dis-. of Democratic Youth would mean Upholding Glorious Trsdition of ruptive activities of the Soviet revi- nothing but co-operation with the sionists, and for flagrantly inviting Movement Agoinst Atomic Sato go'rernment. The foreign dele- the representative of the Worid Fed- gates declared that they would never Hydrogen Bombs And eration of D,emocratic Youth, a collaborate with imperialism and its Delegates from six countries Soviet national by the name of Viadi- pallners. New Zeaiand, Ceylon, Ba-- urii: Orel, to attend. Australia, Osman Hassan Ahn-red

4 Peking Reuiew, No. 33 I

the past 1.1 years, by the Japanese shek gang would continue their A11 this fully exposed the hypocrisy I people together with the people of illegai occupation of China's seat in and perfidy of the Indian Govern- various other countries. Now, a hand- the United Nations and other in- ment. ful of the leading members of Gen- ternational organizations. The Chi- The Chinese note said in con- suikyo, by brazenly trampling on the nese note said: Chinese Gov- "The clusion: "The Chinese Government principles and tradition for which we ernment lodges a strong protest with must warn the Indian Government have striven, are selling out the Ja- the Indian Government against this in all seriousness: by so unscrupu- panese people and their comrades-in- reiterates: Taiu,an is inal- and an lously serving U.S. imperialism in arms the world over. I hold this part sacred ienable of China's terui- creating 'two Chinas' and rviliingly handful of people in utter contempt. sovereignty tory and China's over acting as the flunke5- of imperialism We cannot but condemn them, be- Taiwan absoiutelv brooks no outside and modern revisionism in opposlng cause they do not serve the people interference. The Chinese Govern- China, you will only further expose but serve the most unholy 'Holy AI- opposes scheme ment firmly the of your ugly features. No anti-Chinese liance,' that is, the U.S. militarism of 'two Chinas' in any form conducted Johnson, the modern revisionism 'hero' in the world will ever co::re by anyone at any time and in any to a good end and yoLt headed by the Soviet leading clique are certainly circumstances." no exception either." and the Japanese reactionaries head- ed by the Sato government." The Chinese note pointed out that I it was entirely impossible for the In- I ndIndonesia have been re- Taiwan to the quibbling arguments presented and sent officials to peatedly and savagel-v raided, rvith work hand hand with the Chiang in the May 13 note of the Indian in the resuLt that large amou.nts of pro- gang in joint opposition to China. Ministry of External Affairs in an per-tp- have been looted or destrol'ed attempt to cover up the Indian Gov- The Chinese note said that the and premises in nine places have ernment's schemes of tailing after anti-Ch:nese activities conducted by been forcibly occupied. U.S. imperialism in the "trvo Chinas" the Indian side constituted a grave The Indonesian Government vain- plot and of colluding rvith the encroachment upon China's sov- ly tried to ascribe the above-men- Chiang Kai-shek clique to oppose ereignty and a gr-oss interference in tioned outrages in violation of diplo- China. It lodged a strong protest China's internal affairs. The note matic privileges to the reacti.on ol lr I with the Indian Government. declared that facts over the past few the Indonesian people and to the The Chinese note pointed out that years showed that, despite the re- Chinese Government's permission the Indian note in itself constituted peated protests lodged by the Chi- for some Indonesians to stay in I another big exposure of these schem- nese Government, the Indian Gov- China. This is indeed the height of ing activities which India had been ernment, far from restraining itself, absurdity. The damaging and for- carrying out. The Indian note re- had gone from bad to rvorse and had cible occupation of the premises of li peatedly cal1ed the elements of the become daily more undisguised in the Chinese missions were a1i clearly Chiang Kai-shek clique, entrenched its activities of pushing the "t'nvo the work of the Indonesian Gov- t' in China's province of Tair,van, "For- Chinas" plot and colluding with the ernment's armymen and officially j mosan delegations" and "delegates Chiang I(ai-shek gang in oppcsing employed ruffians. China is a sov- from Taiwan," and brazenly des- China. These acts and deeds of ihe ereign country, a socialist country cribed Taiwan as a so-called "mem- Indian Government contladicted its persisting in revolution. The Chi- ber" of international organizations. repeated pledge that it recognized nese Gover:nment's permission for This rvas clearly an interference in only the People's Republic of China some anti-imperialist Indonesi:n China's sovereignty and internal and its promise that it u,ould "pre- revolutionaries to stay in China is affairs, a flagrant attempt to create vent any pro*Kuomintang meeting unimpeaehable, whether 1egally or "one China and one Tairvan" and an and demonstration" and rvould "not from the point of view of interna- attempt to legalize the sta,te in per:mit any activities deslgncd to tionai practice. which elements of the Chia.ng Kai- promote the idea of 'two Chinas."r (Continued on p. 39.)

AttstLst 12, 1966 llecision of the 0entral 0ommittee of the Ghinese Comlnunist Farty Gomcerning the Great Fnoletarian Gultural Revolutiom

( Adopted on August 8, 1966 )

classes and to transform education, literature and art and all other parts of thg superstructure that do A New Stage in the Socialist not correspond to the socialist economic base, so as Revolution to facilitate the consolidation and development of the socialist system. The great proletarian cultural revolution now' unfolding is a great revolution that touches people to their very souls and constitutes a new stage in 2 the development of the socialist revolution in our The rttain Current and the Zigzags country, a deeper and more extensive stage. At the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth The masses of the workers, peasants, soldiers, Central Committee of the Party, Comrade Mao Tse- revolutionary intellectuals and revolutionary cadres tung said: To overthrow a political power, it is al- form the main force in this great cultural revolution. ways necessary. first o{ all, to create public opinion, Large numbers of revolutionary young people. to do work in the ideological sphere. This .is true previously unknown, have become courageous and for the revolutionaly class as rn'eli as for the counter- daring pathbreakers. They are vigorous in action and revolutionary class. This thesis of Comrade 1\4ao intelligent. Through the media of big-character posters Tse-tung's i-ras been proved entirely correct in plac- and great debates, they argue things out, expose tiee. and criticize thoroughly, and launch res- olute attacks on the open and hidden representa- Althcugh the bourgeoisie has been overthrorvn, tir:es of the bourgeoisie. In such a great revolution- ii is slitl 1i;ing to use ihc old ideas. culture, cusiotrrs arv movement, it is hardly avoidable that they and habits of the expioiting classes to corrupt the should show shortcomings of one kind or another:, masses, capture theit rninds and endeavour to stage but their main revolutionary orientation has been a come-back. The pr-oletariat must do just the op- correct frorrr the beginning. This is the main current posite: it must meet head-on every challenge of the in the great proletarian cuitural revolution. It is bourgeoisie in the ideological field and use the new the main direction along which the great proletarian ideas, culture, customs and habits of the proletariat cultural revclution continues to advance. to change the mental outiook of the whole of society. At present, our objective is to struggle against and Since the cultural revolution is a revolution, it crush those persons in authority who are taking the inevitably meets with resistance. This resistance capitalist road, to critlcize and repudiate the reac- comes chiefly from those in authority who harre tionary bourgeois academie "authorities" and the wormed their rvay into the Party and are taking the ideology of the bourgeoisie and all other exploiting capitalist road. It also comes fr:om the old force of

6 Peltirig Reuieu, "l{o. 33 habit in society. At present, this resistance is still unatvares by the new order of things, the revolu- fairly strong and stubborn. However, the great pro- tionary order of the masses, r.vith the result that letarian cultural revolution is, after all. an irresistible their leadership lags behind the situation, lags be- general trend. There is abundant evidence that such hind the masses. resistance will crumble fast once masses be- the (3) In some units. the persons in charge, who come -tully aroused. made mistakes of one kind or another in the past, Because the resistance is fairly strong. there are even more prone to put fear above everything will be reversals and even repeated reversals in this else, being afraid that the masses rvili catch them struggle. There is no harm in this. It t.empers the out. Actually, if they make serious seU-criticism proletariat and other working people, and especially and accept the criticism of the masses. the party the younger generation, teaches them lessons and and the masses rvill make allorvances for their mis- gir,.es them experience, and helps them to understand takes. But if the persons in charge don't. the;- u-ill that the revolutionary road is a zigzag one, and not continue to make n-ristakes and become obstacles to plain sailing. the mass movement. (4) Some units are controlled by those who 3 har.e wormed their rvay into the party and are taking the capitalisi road. Such persons in authority Put Daring Above Everything Else are extremely afr.aid of being exposed by the masses And Boldly Arouse the ilasses and therefore seek every possible pretext to suppress the mass movement. They resort to such tactics as The outcome of this great cultural revolution shifting the targets for attack and turning black into will be determined by whether the Party leadership lvhite in an attempt to iead the movement astra1,. does or does not dare boldly to arouse the masses. When they find themselves very isolated and no longer able Currently, there are four different situations to carry on as before, they resort still more rvith regard to the leadership being given to the to intrigues, stabbing people in the back. spread-ing rumours, movement of cultural revolution by Party organiza- and blurring the distinction be- tions at various levels: tu.een revolution and counter-revolution as much as thel' can. all for the purpose of at:acking the rer,- (1) There is the situation in which the persons olutionaries. in charge of Partv organizations stand in the van of \l'hat pa.ty the movement and dare to arouse the ma

ArLgttst 12, 1966 and any method of doing things on their behalf The main target of the present movernent, is must not be used. those within the Party who are in authority and are taking the capitalist r.oad. Tr'ust the masses, r'ely on.them and respect their initia:ir-e- Cast out fear. Don't be afraid of disorder. Care should be taken to distinguish.strictly be- Charrman Illao has often told us that revolution tween the anti-Party, anti-socialist Rightists and cannot be so very refined. so gentle, so temperate, those who support the Party and so,cialism but have kind- ccurteous, restrained and magnanimous. Let said or done something wrong or have written some :he masses educate themselves in this great revolu- bad articles or other works. tionary movement and learn to distinguish between Care should be taken to distinguish strictly be- right and wrong and betureen incor- correct and t',veen the reactionary bourgeois scholar despots and rect ways doing things. of "authorities" on the one hand and peopie who have Make the fullest use of big-character posters the ordinary bourgeois academic ideas on the other. and great debates to argue matters out, so that the masses can clarify the correct views, criticize the wrong views and expose all the ghosts and monsters. 6 In this way the masses will be able to raise their Correct Handling o[ Contradic- political consciousness in the course of the struggle, ,the enhance their abilities and talents, distinguish right tions Among People from wrcng and draw a clear line between the A strict distinction must be made between the cnemy and ourselves. two different types of contradictions: those among the people and those between ourselves and the enemy. Contradictions among the people must not 5 be made into contradictions between ourselves and Firmly Appfy the Class Line the enemy; nor must contradictions between our- selves and the enemy be regarded as those among O[ the Party the people. normal masses Who are our enemies? Who are our friends? It is for the to hold different views. Contention different is This is a question of the first importance for the between views revolution and it is likewise a question of the first unavoidable, necessary and beneficial. In the course importance for the great cultural revolution. of normal and full debate, the masses will affirm what is right, correct what is wrong and graduaily Party leadership should be good at discovering reach unanimity. the Left and developing and strengthening the present ranks of the Left, and should firmly rely on the rev- T'he method to be used in debates is to things and persuade through olutionary Left. During the movement this is the the facts, reason out, forcing only way to isolate thoroughly the most reactionary reasoning. Any method of a minority hold- impermissible. Rightists, win over the middle and unite with the irg different views to submit is protected, great majority so that by the end of the movement The minority should be because some- we shall achieve the unity of more than g5 per cent times the truth is with the minority. Even if the minority is wrong, they should still be ailowed to of the cadres and more than 95 per cent of the argue their case and reserve their views. InASSCS. When there is a debate, it should be conducted Concentrate all forces to strike at the hand- by reasoning, not by coercion or force. ful of ultra-reactionary bourgeois Rightists and counter-revolutionary revisionists, and expose and In the course of debate, every revolution- criticrze to the full their crimes against the Party, ary should be good at thinking things out for him- against sociaiism and against Mao Tse-tung's thought self and should develop the communist spirit of so as to isolate them to the maximum. daring to think, daring to speak and daring to act.

8 Peking Reuiew, No. 33 On the premise that they have the same main 8 orientation, revolutionary comrades should, for the sake of strengthening unity, avoid endless debate The Question of Cadres over side issues. The cadres fall roughly into the following four categories: 7 (I) good; Be on Guard Against Those Who (2) comparativeiy gocd; Brand the Revolutionary Masses (3) those who have made serious mistakes but have not becotne anti-Party, anti-socialist Rightists; As "Counter- Revolutionaries" (4) the small number of anti-Party, anti- In certain schools, units. and rvork teams of the sccialist Rightists. revolution, persons charge cultural some of the in In ordinary situations. the first two categories have organized counter-attacks against the masses (good and comparatively- good) are the great who put up big-character posters against them. majority. These people haye even advanced such slogans as; opposition to the leaders of a unit or a rvork team The anti-Party, anti-socialist Rightists must be means opposition to the Parly's Central Committee, fully exposed, hit hard. pulled down and completely the means opposition to the Party and socialism, means discredited and their influence eliminated. At counter-revolution. In this way it is inevitable that same time, they shouid be given a way out so that their blows will fall on some reall5z revolutionary they can turn over a new leaf. activists. This is an error on matters of orientation, an error of Iine, and is absolutely impermissible. 9 A number of persons who suffer from serious ideological errors, and particularly some of the anti- Cultural Revolutionary Groups, Party and anti-so,cialist Rightists, are taking Committees and Congresses advantage of certain shortcomings and mistakes in Nlany new things have begr-in to emerge in the the mass movement to spread rumours and gossip, ' great proietarian cultural revolution. The cultural and engage in agitation, deliberately branding revolutionary groups, committees and other organi- some of the masses as "counter-revolutionaries." It zational forms created by the masses in many is necessary to beu,are of such "pick-pockets" and great expose their tricks in good time. schools and units are something new ano of historic importance. In the course of the movement, with the ex- These cultural revolutionary groups, commit- ception of cases of active counter-re\rolutionaries tees and congresses are excelient ne'rv forms of where there is clear evidence of cr-in'les such as organ:zation s,hereby under the leadership of the murder, arson, poisoning, sabotage or theft of s:a:e Cornmunist Party the masses are edu-cating them- secrets, which should be handled in accordance rr ith sel','es. They are an exceilent bridge to keep oui' the law, no measures should be taken against Party close contact with the masses. They are students at universities, colleges, middle schools and in crgans of power of the proletarian cultural revolu- primary schoois because of problems that arise in tion. the mor.ement. To prevent the struggle from being diverted from its main objective, it is not allorved, The struggle of the proletariat against the old whatever the pretext, to incite 1l-ie masses to strug- ideas, culture, customs and habits left over from all gle against each other or the sludents to do like- the exploiting classes over thousands of years will \r.ise. Even proven Rightists should be dealt with necessarily take a ver:v, very long time. Thelefore, on the merits of each case at a later stage of the the cuLtural rerroluticiiary groups, cctrimittees and mclvement. congresses should not be temporary organizations

Attgttst 12, 7966 I but permanent, standing mass organizations. They cases beginning with simplifying complicated ma- are suitable not only for colleges, schools and terial. While their main task is to study, st,udents govet'nment and other organizations, but generally should also learn other things. That is to say, in also for factories, mines, other enterprises, urban addition to their studies they should also learn in- districts and villages. dustriai work, farming and military affairs, and take part in the struggles of the cultural revolution is necessary to institute a system of general It as they occur to criticize the bourgeoisie. eiections, like that of the Paris Commune. for eiecting members to the cultural revolutionary groups and commiitees and de)egates to the culiulal revolutionary congresses. The lists of candidates !l should be put forward by the revolutionary masses after fu11 discussion, and the elections should be The Question of Criticizing held after the masses have discussed the lists over By Name in the Press and over again. In the course of The masses are entitled at any time to criticize the mass movement of the cul- members of thd cultural revolutionary groups and tural revolution, the criticism of bourgeois and fen- committees and delegates elected to the cultural dal ideology should be rvell combined with ihe dis- revolutionary congresses. If these members or semination of the proietarian world outlook and of delegates prove incompetent, they can be replaced Marxism-Leninisrn, Mao Tse-tung's thought. through election or recalled by the masses after Criticism should be organized of typical bour- discussion. geois representatives who have wormed their waSr The cultural revolutionary groups, committees into the Partv and typical reactiona-ry bourgeois and congresses in colleges and schools should consist academic "authorities." and this should include crit- mainl;- of representatives of the revolutionar)- stu- icism of various kinds of reactionary views in philos- dents. At the same time, they should have a ophy, history, political economy and ed,ucation, in certain number of representatives of the revolution- works and theories of literature and art, in theories ary teaching slaff and workers. of natural science, and in other fields Criticism of anyone by name in t.he press should be decided after discussion by the Party committee IO at the same level, and in some cases submitted to the Party committee at a higher level for Educational Refiorm approrral.

In the great proletarian cultural revolution a i most important task is to transform the old educa- t2 I I tional system and the old principles and methods of t teaching. Policy Towards Scientists, Techni- l-

I In this great cultural revolution, the phenomenon cians and Ordinary Members of our schools being dominated by bourgeois intel- Workine Staffs I iectuals must be completeiy changed. Of

In every kind of school we must apply thorcugh- As regards scientists, technicians and ordinary ly the poiicy advanced bv Comrade lVlao Tse-tung, members of working staffs, as long as they are of education serving proletarian poiitics and educa- patriotic, work energeticaily, are not against the tion being combined r,r,ith productive labour, so as to Party and socialism, and maintain no illicit relations enable those receiving an education to develop w'ith any foreign country, we should in the present morall;r, intellectually and physically and to beeome moventent continue to apply the policy of "unit;r, Iabourers with socialist consciousness and culture. criticism, unity." Special care should be taken of those scientists and scientific and technical personnel Tire period of schooling should be shortened. who have made contributions. Efforts should be Courses should be fewer and better. The teaching made to help them gradually transform their world n'raterial should be thoroughly transformed, in some outlook and their style of work.

10 Pelcing Reuiew, No. 33 r3 of counterposing the great cultural revolution against the development of production i:s incorrect. The Question oI Arrangements For lntegration With the Socialist 1.5 Education Movement in City The Armed Forces And Countryside In the armed forces. the cultural revolution and the socialist education n.:ovement should be carried The cultural and educational units and ieading out in accordance u'ith the insiructions of the Mili- organs of the Party and government large in the tary Commissicm of the Central Con.:tnittee and the and medium cities are points the of concentration General Poiitical Departn'reni of People's Libera- the present rhe of proietalian cujturai revolution. tiou Army. The great cultural revolution has enriched the socialisi education movement in both city and coun- tryside and raised it to a higher level Ef{orts t6 should be made to conduct these two movements in AAao Tse - tung's Thought ls the close combination. Arrangements to this effect may be made by various regions and depar"tments in the Guide for Action in the 6reat light of the specific conditions. Proletarian Cultural Revolution The socialist education movement now going on in the countryside and in enterprises in the cities In the great proletarian cultural revolution. it should not be upset where the original arrangements is imperative to hoid aloft the great red banr'er of are appropliate and the movement is going well, IVIao Tse-tung's thought and put proletarian politics but should continne in accordance with the originai in command. The morrement for the creatir.e studSr arrangements. However, the questions that are and application of Chairn-ran IUao Tse-tung's rvorks arising in the present great proletarian cultnt'ai rer'- should be carried forward among the masses of the olution should be put to the masses for discu.ssion r.vorkers, peasants and soldiers, the cadres and the at a proper time. so as to further foster vigorousl;; intellectuais, and Mao Tse-tung's thought should be proietarian ideology and eradicate bourgeois ideol- taken as the guide for action in the cultulal levolu- ogy. iion. In some places, the great proletarian cultulal In this complex great cultur:al revolution, Party revolution is being used as the focus in order to add committees at all levels must study and apply momentum to the socialist education movement and Chairman Mao's works all the more conscientiously clean things up in the fields of potritics, ideology, and in a creative way. In particular, they must organization and economy. This may be done where study over and over again Chairman Mao's rvritings the local Party committee thinks it apprcpriate. on the cultural revolution and on the Party's meth- ods of leadership, such as On New Democracy, Tqllrs qt the Yenq"n Foram on Literature arud Art, t4 An th"e Corcect Hartdling of Cantrad,ictions Amnng the People, Speech at the Chinese Communis!. Take Firm l-{old of the Revolution Partg's Natiorlol Canference on Propo.ganda Work, Stimulate Production Some Questions Concern;"ng Methods of Leadership And and Methods oJ Wark af Party Committees. The aim of the great proletai:ian cultural rev- Party comnittees at all levels must abide by ol,ution is to revolutionize people's ideology and as a the directions given by Chairrnan Mao over the consequence to achieve greater, faster, better and vears. nameiv that lhslr rtrculd thorouphllz aoplv \I- more economical results in all fields of work. If lhe the mass line of "frorn the rirasses and to the masses" - " masses are fuily aroused and proper arrangements and that they should be puniis before they become are made, it is possibie to carry on both the cultural teachers. They shouid tr;,, to avoid being one-sided revoiution and production without one hampering or narrow. They should foster materialist. dialectics the other, r,r.'hile guaranteeing high quality in all and oppose metaphysics and scholasticism. our work. The great proletarian cultural revoli-rtion is The great proletarian cultural revolution is a bound to achier.,e briiliant victor;r under the leader- powerful motive force for the Ce.relopment of the ship of the Centrai Comrrittee of the Party headed social productirre lorces in our country. Any idea by Comrade Mao Tse-tung.

Augtist 72, 1966 11 $tatement $upporting the American ilegroes ln Their Just $truggle flgainst Racial 0iscrimination hy ll.$. lmperialism

August 8, 1963 Df,ao Tse-tung

N American Negro lead.er now taking refuge in In 1957 people Rock, /I r the Negro in Little Cuba, Mr. Robert Williams, the former Presi- Arkansas, rvaged a fierce struggle against the barr- cient of the Monroe, North Carolina, Chapter of the ing of their children fron public schcols. The National Association for the Advancement of Col- authorities used armed force against them, creating oured People, has twice this year asked me for a the Little Rock incident which shccked the world. statement in support of the American Negroes' struggle against racial discrimination. On behalf of In 1960 l(egroes in more than twenty states held the Chinese people, I wish to take this opportunitl' ''sit-in" demonstrations protesting against racial to express cur resolute support for the American segregation in local restaurants, shops and other li-'groes in their struggle against racial discrimina- public places. tion and for freedom and equal rights. In 1961 the Negroes launched the "freedom There are more than 19 million Negrces in the riders" campaign to oppose racial segregation in United States, or about 11 per cent of the total public transportation, a campaign which rapidly population. They are enslaved, oppressed and spread to many states. discriminated against such is their position in In 1962 the Negroes Mississippi fought the society. The overwhelming- majority are deprived in for equal right of their right to vote. In general, only the most to enrol in colleges and met with bloody backbreaking and despised jobs are open to them. suppression by the authorities. Their average wages are barely a third or a half This year, the American Negroes started their those of the white people. The proportion of un- struggle early in April in Birmingham, Alabama. emplcyment among the Negroes is the highest. In Unarmed and bare-handed Negro people were ar- many states they are forbidden to go to the same rested en masse and most barbarously suppressed school, eat at sa"me tab1e, the or travel in the same merely for holding meetings and parades against section of a bus or train as the white people. Ne- racial discrimination. On June 12 Mr. Medgar Evers, groes are often arrested, beaten up or n-rurdered ai a leader of the Negro people in Mississippi, was will by the U.S. authorities at various leve1s and by n-iurciered in cold blood. Defying brutality and members of the Ku Klux KIan and other racists. violence, indignant Negro masses A'r:out half the American l\egroes are concentiated the waged their stru-ggle even mol'e heroically and in eleven southern states, 'uvhere the discrimination quickly won the and persecntion they are sr-rpport of Negroes and other people of various suffer especiaily shccking. - strata throughout the United States. A gigantic and The American Negroes are awaker-ring and their vigorous netionwide struggle is going on in nearl-v resistance is growing stronger and stronger. Recent et ery city and state, and the struggle is mounting. years have witnessed a continuous expansion of Arner:ica"n Negro organizations have decided to start their mass struggle against racial discrimination and a "freeciom march" on Washington on August 28, for freedom and equal rights. in which 250,C00 people rviil take part. Note: We reprint this sta.tement in commemoration of the The speedy development of the third anniversaly of the day Chailman Allao made it. struggle of the - Peking Reuieus Dd. American l.Iegroes is a manifestation of sharpening

12 Peking Reuiew, No. 33 class struggle and sharpening national struggle world, rvliether white, black, yellow or brown, to within the United States; it has been causing in- unite to oppose the racial discrimination practised creasing anxiety among U.S. ruling circles. The by U.S. imperialism and support the American Kennedy Administration is insidiously using dual Negroes in their struggle against racial discrimina- tactics. On the one hand, it continues to connive at tion. In the final analysis, national struggle is a and take part in discrimination against Negroes and matter of class struggle. Among the whites in the their persecution, and it even sends troops to sr-rp- United States, it is only the reactionar-y ruling press them. On the other hand, in the attempt to circles wiro oppress the Negro people. They can in numb the fighting will of the Negro people anJ no way represent the rrnorkers, farmers, revolutionary deceive the masses of the country, the Kennedy intellectuals and other enlightened perscns rvho Administration is parading as an advocate of "the ccmprise the overwhelming majoritl' of the u,hite defence of human rights" and "thc protection of the peopJe. At present, it is the handful of imperiaLists civil rights of Negroes," caliing upon the Negro lieaded by the United States, and their supportels, people to exercise "restraint" and proposing the tl-re reactionaries in different countries, u'ho are op- "civil rights legislation" to Congress. But more and pressing, committing aggression against and n:enac- more Negroes are seeing through these tactics of ing the overlvhelming majority of the nations and peoples anC the Kennedy Administration. The fascist atrocities of the world. We are in the majoritl- most, make up of the U.S. imperialists against the Negro people they are in the minority. At they less than 10 per cent 3,000 million populatlon have exposed the true nature of so-called American of the of the worId. I am firmly convinced that, with the democracy and freedom and revealed the inner link support of more than 90 per cent of the people oI between the reactionary policies pursued by the U.S. the world, the American Negroes will be victorious Government at home and its policies of aggression in their just struggle. The evil system of colonial- abroad. ism and imperialism arose and throve with the en- I call on the workers, peasants, revolutionary in- slavement of Negroes and the trade in Negroes, and tellectuals, enlightened elements of the bourgeoisie it will surely come to its end with the complete and other enlightened persons of all colours in the emancipation of the black people.

C.P.C. Centrol Committee Decides On Lorge-Scole Publicotion of Choirmon Mso's Works

The Ministry of Culture convenes o conference to work out plons; 35 million sets of the Selected. Works of Mao Tse-tung will be printed cnd distributed this yeor ond nert; ond Selected. Read.ings ond seporote works in pornphlet form will be printed in the provinces, outonomous regions ond municipolities. Conference representotives from oll ports of the country tell of the infinite esteem .ond love which people throughout the lond hove lor their greot leqder Choirmon Moo, their boundless love for, belief in ond venerotion for Moo Tse-tung's thought, ond how eoger they ore to get copies of Choirmon Moo's writings. The decision of the Centrqt Cornmittee of the Chinese Communist Porty is on event of tremendous historic significonce in Chino's politicol life ond yet onother victory for thc current greot culturol revolution.

rFHE Central Conrmittee of the Chinese Commr-inist people in stud;ring Mao Tse-tung's thought. It has I masses cadres and workers and I Party has decided to speed up the large-scale called on the broad of

I publication of Chairman Mao Tse-tung's works in oLder staff members of publication, printing and distribution I to meet the urgent needs of the broad masses oi Lhe depaltments throughout the country to mobilizc' ini-

August 12, 1966 13 mediately, make all-out efforts and take the publica- printed and distributed this year and next. The collec- ticn and distribution of Chairman Mac's works as their tions A and B of Selected Readings From Mao Tse-tung's foremost task. Fcllor,r,ing the speed-up in the mass Works, and Chairman Mao's works in pamphlet form printing of Chairman Mao's works this year and next, will in general be printed in the provinces, municipalities these rrorkE for which there has been a pi'essing demand and autonomous regions so that gradually, over this year needs of b1' :le broad masses, will gradually come to be in and next year, they will fully meet the the masses. p--.::::iC supply throughout tire country. broad That the Central Committee of the Chinese Com- with Recently the Ministry of Culture, in accordance munist Party has decided to speed up the large-scale $e directive of the Party's Central Committee, con- publication and distribution of Chairman 1\1[ao's works re-ed a national conference on the work of printing is an event of tremendous historic significance in Chrna's and distributing Chairman Mao's works, at rvhich con- poiitical life, an event bringing great joy to the people crete plans for their large-scaie printing and plans for of the whole country, and yet another victory for the their distribution were mapped out. Tirirt;'-five million current great proletarian cuitural revolutionary move- seis of the Selected Works oJ Mao Tse-turtg will be ment.

National Confierence on the Worlt man Mao's works lag behind the circumstances and the needs of the masses, the conference asked printing. pub- Of Printing and Distributing Iishing and distribution organizations throughout the country to rely firmly on the leadership of the Com- Chairman Mao's Works munist Party committees at various levels, fully mobilize the masses, give full play to the revolutionary A CTING on the directive of the Central Committee initiative of the entire body of workers and staff, rvork II of the Chinese Communist Party, the Ministry of in the spirit of self-reliance, overcome ali difficuities, Culture recently convened in Peking a national con- mobiiize all printing houses, 'uvhere conditions permit, ference on the u,ork of printing and distributing to undertake the glorious political task printing Chairman Mao Tse-tung's r,'u'orks. The conference urged of Chairman Mao's works, method tackting printing, publishing and distribution organizations adopt the of a task throughout the country to take immediate revolution- with concentrated forces and endeavour by all possible ary measures and endeavour in every possible way to means to print and distribute more copies of speed up the mass printing of Chairman Mao's works Chairman Mao's works. so graduaily plentiful that a supply of them will be Chang Ping-hua, Deputy Director of the Propagan- ensured throughout the country. This is to meet the da Department of the Central Committee of the Chi- urgent needs of the masses of workers, peasants and nese Communist Party, spoke at the conference. soldiers and of revolutionary cadres and revolutionary intellectuals in their study of Chairman Mao's thought. Representatives of printing, publishing and distri- bution organizations In recent years, since the nationwide campaign to and other organizations concerned creatively study and apply Chairman Mao's works was from various parts of the country told their col- leagues great launched among the rn orker, peasant and soldier masses, of the attention which their respective and revoiutionary cadres and revolutionary intellectuals, local Party committees were giving to the conference the contradiction between the demand for and the supply a.nd the firm determination of the masses of workers and of Chairman Mao's rvolks became acute. The complete staff. With especially great revolutionary enthusiasm, all control of many propaganda and pubiishing depart- insistently requested the conference to assign them as ments by the sinister gang rvhich was opposed to the large a share of the work as possible. Those units Party, to socialisr-n and to lVlao Tse-tung's thought, and rr,hich were given the honourable duty to print Chairman the restrictions it imposed, under various pretexts, on l\{ao's writings Ior the first time were particularly the numbers of copies of Chairman Mao's 'uvorks to keen. With great emotion and pride, representatives of be printed and issued, further aggravated the already these units said: "The printing of Chairman Mao's acute supply situation. This state of affairs aroused works is a need of the revolution. This is the most strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the glorious, urgent and important task our tirne has en- people. In order to change the situa.tion once and for trusted to us. Not even the worst difficulties can deter all in which the publication and distribution of Chair- us. We pledge to fulfil our task."

74 Pekittg Reuierrr, iVo. 33 Conference representatives cited many stirr.ing ex- Mao Tse-tung's thought and particularly afraid that it amples shortring the infinite esteem and love ',r,I-rich 1.he should be grasped by the lvorker, peasant and soldier he land have for their great masses. For this reason, they put countless obstacles r lrman their boundless love for, in the way of printing, pubiishing and distributing belief in ao Tse-tung's thought, Chairman Mao's ll,orks. They permitted only a few and how eager they are to get copies of Chairn-ran printing plants in the country, a ferv printing presses Mao's writings. In hundreds of thousands of letiers, and a few 'ur.orkers to engage jn the printing of the they say that the foremost need for ali the rev- Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, and laid dowi-r many olutionary people in China is to study Chairrr"ran complicated rules and regulations that u,ere beyond Mao's works. The ietters sa-v* that Chairman Mao's realization under existing conditions. During those works are the best, most revolutionary and most few years, a flood of vicious books came out against the Party, socjalism and Mao Tse-tung's thought as well as evil bc'oks that propagated feudalism, capital- ism and revisionism to poison the mind of the masses. These books $'ere given preferential treatment, pub- lished in several editions. carefully printed and iuxuriousl5, bound. By such base, underhand tricks, tung's thought how can \f,'e make revolution! Of all the sinister anti-Party gang turned publication and dis- books, r.l.'e love to read Chairman Mao's r,l,'orks most. tribution enterprises into their tools to subvert the To be proletarian revolutionaries, to follow the Chi- dictatorship of the proletariat and restore capitaiism. nese Communist Party for ever and to hold high the The masses of revolutionar;r rvorkers and staff of great red banner of Mao Tse-tung's thought in a1l our many printing. publishing and distribution organiza- work, Chairman Mao's r,r,orks must be studied. tions in Peking v,,'ere elated when told that their organ- At discussions, speakers read out portions of letters izations had been entrusted with the publication and from people describing the eagerness with which the distribution of Chairn-ran Mao's u,orks. They lost no revolutionary people of China, in their thousands upon time in spreading the nervs and congratulating each thousands, like people thirsting for rvater, avidly searcir other. There u-as general elation. In a single da5r, out copies of Chairman Mao's rvorks to bu;.-. the rvaiis of their enterpl'ises \\-ere covered rvlth rvcl'k- ers' piedges expr-esshg at the same iime their happi- IVIany rvorkers, peasants. People's Liberation Arn-r1' ness in i:eing abie to contribute their share to the men, revolutionary cadres and students are constently projecl They pledged: kinting Chairman Mao's works on the look-out for a chance to obtain Chairman Mao's means producing the most powerful spiritual atom Many people get them, works. who have failed to bombs, and we are willing to p,rint Chairman Mao's copy down article article and quotation tirelessly after books our whole lives. The masses of revolutionary quotation frorn Chairman Mao's works. Lu Chin- after u'orkers and staff in all printing, publishing and piant tou, a worker in an electronic instruments in distribution organizations unanimously hold that the Yingkow city, Liaoning Province, who is an activist in spreading of Mao Tse-tung's thought is the most fun- Chairman Mao's works, has since 1960 the study of damental task in cultural and publishing work and copied by hand contents of the first out all of the is their highest duty. The more the enemy opposes the three volumes of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, pubiication of Chairman Mao's works, the more they paper the same size as the printed edition. using will b.e published, and pubiished quickly, at the rate At the conference many representatives of print- of making "one year equal to sixteen." They rvill be ing, publishing and distribution organizations indig- published with the greatest enthusiasm, up to the nantly accused the hand{ul of representatives of the highest standards, the highest quaiity and at the bourgeoisie who had wormed their way ilto the Party highest speed, put into the hands of the workers, peas- of their towering erimes in monopolizing power in ants and soldiers to arm our class brothers and spur various propaganda and publishing organizations, and the victorious advance of the great proletarian cultural frantieaiiy suppressing the publication and distribution revolution. In this great era in w-hich the workers, of Chairman Mao's works. They said that over the peasants and soldiers are studying and mastering Mao past few years, there had been a constant struggle be- Tse-tung's thought, the gleat thought of Mao Tse-tung tween the proletarian and bourgeois roads on the ques- must become an infinitely great material force, thus tion of the publication of Chairman Mao's works. ensuring that the rerrolutionary cause will for ever These anti-Party ringleaders of the sinister gang, more maintain its :,outhful vigour and that China wiLl for venomous than reptiles, had been bitterly hostile to ever be strong and Prosperous.

A,-rgust 12, 1966 t5 J,e r ik REIVMIN ruAAO A Greot ond Joyous Event for People ln the Whole Country il f N accordance with the urgent demand of the broad exploiting classes, and to reform the educational sys- :l I masses of the people, the Central Committee of the tem, policy and meihods and all parts of tire superstruc- :i : t1 Chinese Communist Party has decided that the l,Iinistry ture that are not suited to the sociaiist economic base. i,ll of Culture promptly take revolutionary measures and The mental outlook of our people is undergoing a mobiiize forces on every side to print and distribute trenendous and unprecedented change. the works of Chairman Mao in large numbers and in Such a situation has set new higher demands various forms. This is a great and joyous event for and on the pubLcation Chairman did the people throughout the country! This is yet another of Mao's works. We do a great deal. tvork past printing and tremendous victory for the great proletarian cultural of in the in distributing considerabl.e numbers of Chairman Mao's revolution ! works and quotations from his rvorks in various forms. The broad masses of workers, peasants and soldiers, These were warmly welcomed by the masses. Many revolurtionary intellectuais and cadres have the greatest peopie keep the "quotations" handy- and study them love fol Chairman Mao's writings. They descr"ibe these at every possible moment. However, the number of as their food, their weapon and their steering wheel copies printed and distributed in tlee past falls far short and take them as their guide in all their actions. of the masses' actual needs; it lags way behind their The study of Chairman Mao's writings has become demands. prime necessily of the people our country in their a of The enthusiastic movement of the masses to political life. Hundreds of millions of people are study and apply Chairman Mao's works in a creative ardently and zealously studying Chairman Mao's works way \^,as, at one time, impeded by sinister anti-Party and consciously using Mao Tse-tung's thought to trans- and anti-socialist form their subjective world and the objective world. elements. This handful of sinister elements This is a great mass movement, a large-scale populari- had an inveterate hatred for Mao Tse-tung's zation of Marxism-Leninlsm, Mao Tse-tung's thought, thought. They were mortally afraid that the masses an extraordinary event that has no parallel in the more should come in contact with Mao Tse-tung's thought than one hundred years' history of the communist and slanderously desclibed the study of Chairman movement. This mass drive has started a new era in Mao's works by the worker, peasant and soldier masses which the working people are directly getting a grip as "vulgarization," "over-simplification" and "prag- i I of Marxism-Leninism. matism." In the areas and departments where they I seized hold of leading posts, they used various pretexts Once armed with Mao Tse-tung's thought, the to restrict the printing and distribution of Chairman masses become possessed of inexhaustible revolution- I\{ao's q'orks in a vain atLernpt to deprive the masses ary courage and r.l,isdom and generate boundless rev- of their right to study tl-rem. olutionary power. Once our 700 million people have Mao Tse-tung's thought this unifying, correct and The greater the hatred of the class enemy for revolutionary thought rve- lvill assuredly be able to Mao Tse-tung's thought, the more ardently rve love it, - carry the socialist revolution in our country through The more the class enemy tries to preveut the masses to the end and carry our country's socialist construc- from coming in contact with Mao Tse-tung's thought, tion foru,ard from victory to victory. the more and the better w-e will propagate it, the more print Chairman Nlao's In the current great proietarian cultural revolu- we will and distribute works on a large scale and get them into the hands of tion, the masses are holding high the great red banner tens of miliions of workers, peasants and soldiers. of Mao Tse-tung's thought and are studying and apply- i.,g Chairman Mao's works extensively. They are Taking revolutionary measures to print and dis- studying and applying them in the course of strug- tribute 35 million sets of the Selected Works of Mao gle. They are using lMao Tse-tung's thought as their Tse-tung and large numbers of the Selected Readings \r'eapon to struggle against those Party members in From Mao Tse-tu,ng's Works as well as quotations from leading positions rvho are taking the capitalist road, his works in a year and more is indeed a great and to criticize bourgeois, reactionary academic "author- glorious, but difficult, task. This will meet, to a ities" and the ideologies of the bcurgeoisie and all other grealer extent, the urgent needs of the masses for

t6 Peking Re'-*ieus, No. 33 Chairman Mao's works. But China is a great country millions of people in China will turn into a tremendous with 700 million people and the mass movement to material force transforming our motherland. When study Chairman Mao's works is surging forward and a country that accounts for one-fourth of the world's gaining in momentum. It is, therefore, not possible population is turned into a great school for the study to meet fully in a very short period the demands of of Mao Tse-tung's thought and when Marxism- hundreds ol millions of people for Chairman Mao,s Leninism, Mao Tse-tung's thought is popularized even works. Persistent efforts are necessarli. more widely and in a more thoroughgolng way, this wiil ensure The people of our country are jubilantly acclaim- that our socialist state under the dictator- ship the proletariat ing the large-scale printing and distribution of of rvill ner.er change colour and that it will make ever greater contributions Chairman Mao's works. We are fully convinced that to the revolutionary movement of the tvorld'-s people. the study and application of his works in a creative way and the grasping of his thought by hundreds of ("Renmin Ribao" ed.itorial, Attgttst 8.)

Choirmon Moo's Swim in the Yongtse lnspr res the People of Ch ina And tlre World

(-THAIRMAN MAO. the most respected and beloveC Made up of representatives of five nationalities \-,1 leader of the Chinese people. had a good si..'ir-l.: :r frcm Inner Mongoiia, the Ular-rmuchi troupe, which is the Yangtse River on July 16. He rvas in the r.,-atel fc:' norr- in Peking. poured their love and enthusiasm into 65 minutes and covereC a distance of near-1r- 15 kiio- a neiv song and dance in praise of Chairman Mao and metres dorvnstream. As the good nervs splea

August 12, 7966 17 r I t I

I membevs jumped for joy and ran to spread the news. When the news reached Harbin in northeast China, Communist Ycuth League secretary of the brigade Lu the rvorkers in the locomotive and rolling-stock piant I Kuang-ieh said: \Ye will read Chairman Mao's rvorks, there enthusiastically responded with an expression of follorv h.= :eachings and act in accordance with his in- determination to sllmmon up all the spirit of braving srrucilcn-.. dare to be critics of the old world, struggle wind and r /aves to fulfil and ov.erfulfil their produc- aga:ns: ail monsters, old ideology, .old culture, old tion plans and win a double victory-in the cultural cus'lcms and o1d habits, transform society, transform revolution and in production. An emulation drive is r.a:i:re and be ever revolutionaries! norv under way in the machine shop, and many worker:s har.,e introduced new tools and improved work methods, w-here Chairman Mao was born, Liu In Shaoshan, and as a result labour productivity has been greatly secretary Tiepi I{-.ueh-o, the 20-year-old Party of the raised. koduction Brigade of the Shaoshan People's Commune, said: "Chairman Mao's swim in the Yangtse has not cnlv given us greater strength to overcorne difficulties, Asion-Africon Friends Reioice but also shown us how to temper ourselves!" She ex- On hearing the good news from China, Leang Hap pressed her resolute determination to hold firm to the An, Acting Chairman of the Cambodian Writers' As- cclrect political line in storm and stress, temper herself sociation, said: The report that the great leader of the and become a red successor to the revolutionary cause. Chinese people and the revolutionary teacher of the people of the rvoi'ld has once again su,um in the Yangtse Revolutionary teachers and students of the Peking River has inspired the 700 million Chinese people and hlunici.pal No. 4 Middie School who had recently ex- the people of Asia and the r,r,hole world. It show's rvhat pressed enthusiastic support for the aboiishrrrent of ihe good health Chairman Mao enjoys. The health of Chair- oid college entrance examination system, declared iheir mbn Mao is the happiness of the people of ihe t,ho1e deteln:ination to promote the revolutionary spirit of rvorld, for Chairman Mao has become tl-re beacon light fearing nothing and to resolutely struggle against the ii: the hearts of the people of the u,l-iole u.,or:ld. We class enemy in the storm and sLress of the gleat cu1- Cambcdian rvriters \\/armly congratulate the Chinese tural revolution. peopie and $,ish Chai.rman Mao long life. , Nine 5ears ago, ..l-hen Chail'ry:an iflao s...;an1 the Ahnied. a social rvorker in Rar.,-alpind-i, interim Yangtse ior the fourth,tin:e. he sairi: Peopie sa-v thai capiiai. of Pakisian, said: "Chairman Mao's su'im in the Yangtse is a very big river. actually there is nothing the Yangtse River shows not only his wonderful health t9 b9 {1{-d o! abo-u! its size. Isn't U.S. imperialism but also his unmatched levolutionary vilality. His re- very big? It'tur'ned out to be nothing when lr.,e reb,uffed pcated successful srvim in the rough waters of the it once. Sq, there are actually some big tiring.s in the Yangtsc is an augury that the Chinese people under lr-orlcl that are not to be fe,ared. Chairman Mao's latest his lead-ership rvil1 surely overcome all dilliculties anC srvim and'this staternent of his gave the deepest ;oy'and wln compiete victory." inspiration to the commanders and soldiers of the Peo- Poorna Bahadur, Chairman of the Nepal-Chinr pie's Liberalion Army on the coaslal front and 1r-r the Friendship Association, told Hsinhua in Kathmandu, people of Kwangtung, Kwangsi and Yunnan in the van capital of Nepal, that "the news of Chairman Mao's oJ' ihe front to support Vietnam and resisi U.S. aggres- sr,r,im in the Yangtse is a blow to the intperialists and sior-r. Chi Jui-hsuan, a heroic scout on the coastal front, all reactionaries; it is a source of strength for the people said: \4/e lvili follow Chairman Mao's example of daui'rt- who are struggling against imperialism and colonial- less revolutionary spirit. Fearing neither heaven nor ism." earth rve_wili wipe out any enemy w-ho dares lo atLack Many friends in Damascus, capital of Syria, haiied us. as remarkable Chairman Mao's swim in the Yangise at When re,rolutionary teachers ancl strrdcnis of ten the adyanced age of more than seventy. The rvhole irationalities of the Chinese literature and ianguage world was stirred by the news, they said, faculty of the Krvangsi Nationalities College heard the In the United Republic of Tanzania, an old man happy news, they expressed their readiness to ansv./er of Zanzibar q,ho has read some of Chairrnan Mao's ihe call of the motherland ancl at any time, side b;r side u,ritings said, "I am very happy to learn that Chairman rvith their Vietnamese brothers, thrash the aggressors. Mao recently swam downstream on the broad Yangtse I.[ervs of Chairman Mao,s swim in the yangtse River for more than an hour despite his advanced age. This shouzs that Chairman Mao fuII enhanced the enthusiasm and ardour of the people of is of vigour and revolutionary the whole nation in sociaiist construction. yao Chien- symbolizes the will of the Chinese peo- pIe." kang, a driller in the Taching Oiifield, declared: Chair- nran Mao's swim in the Yangtse, his great revolutionary On hearing the news of Chairman Mao's swim in spirit in mastering nature, has given us great encouraiJe- the Yangtse, a Maliatr trade union leader exclaimed: ment in drilling China's first super-deep oil weli. We "Gleid news, giad news!" He said that he was just then must advance in the teeth of storms,.blaze a aew trail reariing Chairman Mao's "Talks at the Yenan Forum for drilling our fAst super-deep well: on Literature and Art" and declared that he would

18 Peking Ratsieus, &lo. 33 study- more fre-quently and deeply Chairman Mao's the Chinese people. A Swaziland writer, who had jusli t'orks. "Ctrairman Mao's works are our beacr:n-liglLt. returned from Peking r,vhere he attended the Airo- IVIao I'se-trurg's thought enables us to distinguish rvho Asian Writers' Emergency Meeting, excited).y shorved are our friends and who are our enernies." he declared. photos of Chairman Mao receiving A1rc-As.ian lvriters and photos o'I The ner,vs of Chairman Mao's sr,l,'im in the Yangtse of the mass cross-Yangtse sw,im. saw has greatly inspired African freedom-flghters in Cairo, with my ou,n eyes that Chairman I\.iao is in gocd health. capital of U.A.R. A naiionalist leader frcrn the fight- This is a blessing for our Chinese friends as rvell as ing Congo (Leopcldviile) told a Hsinhua correspond- for us Afro-Asian people," he added. A fteedom-fighter ent enthusiastically that "the news is incleed en- from South West Africa said: "The swim of several thcu- couraging to our fightlng peop1e." Freedcm-flghters sanC people in the Yangtse shows that the Chinese peo- flom Azania (South Afrlc.a) said: Chairnian \{ao's good ple are faithfully following Chairn:an l\Iac's tei.c::ltg srvim in the Yangtse is thrilling and happy nervs r,.'hich to prepare themselves ideologicaliy and physica.^y ,,c sl:ows the revolutionary spirit of Chairman Mao and counter U.S, imperialist aggressi.on,"

Peking Rolly

Support Americon Negroes' Use of Revolutionory Violence Ageinst Counter-Reyolutionory Yiolence

A UGUST B marked the third anniversarSr of tl'Le great / r leldel Chairman Mao Tse-tur"rg's Statemeni Sr-rp- poriing ttre American Negroes in Their Just Struggle Against Racial Discrimination by U.S. Imperialism. It was the day that more than 10,000 people in Pel

Augttst 72, 1966 19 re T_ p

a militant armed struggle against U.S. imperialism to support of other racist regimes and their policies. win their self-determination. We salute the Chinese Kheir said: We declare to our Negro brothers in the people for giving leadership to the world revolutionary United States, that being a victim of U.S. imperialist movement against U.S. imperialism, and revisionism led intervention and aggression, we have a stronger link by the Soviet Union. We join hands with you on this binding us together in the fight against this common occasion rvith the knowledge that the worid revoiu- enerny of the whole people of the world U.S. im- tionar-r- movement will be victorious over U.S. im- perialism and neo-colonialism. - Berialism and its revisionist collaborators." ' A message supporting the American Negro people's Kuo Mo-jo, Vice-Chairman of the Standing Com- struggle was adopted at the conclusion of the rally mittee of the National People's Congress and Chairman (see p. 21). of the China Peace Committee, then addressed the rally (see below). The gu,est speakers .\,&,ere Rob,ert Americon Negro People Morch Courogeously Forword $/illiams, (see p. 24); Sidney Rittenberg, an American friend; and Ahmed Mohammed Kheir, a Sudanese peace Rentnin Ribao in its editorial of August B pointed partisan. out: In their struggle against police violence, the American Negro people have raised the slogan "Black Chairman Mao's brilliant analysis of the national Power!" This was an important new development in struggle, which. when one gets right down to the bottom the struggle of the American Negro people. The of it, is a matter of class struggie, has opened the editorial quoted Chairman Mao who has said: "All the way for the rise of the black freedom struggle to a revolutionary struggies in the world are aimed at new stage, for the beginning of a new anti-imperialist seizing political power and consoiidating it. And it is mass movement in America, Rittenberg said. He noted likewise for the sole purpose of maintaining its polrtical that the American Negro people are abandoning the power that counter-revolution wages desperate struggles faise doctrine of "non-violence" for slogans of "meet against the revolutionary forces." Now, .Rerumin Ribao counter-revolutionary violence with revolutionarv said, the American Negro masses have not only come violence." He also said that they are increasingl5, to realize the need to u.,in po\ /er but also to understand identifying their fight u,ith the Champion of Liberation, that porrer has to be seized by means of violence. This Mao Tse-tung. and the Gospel of Freedom, Mao tvas a momentous furning point in the history of the Tse-tung's thought. American Negro people's revolutionary struggle. The future of the United States does not belong to the Kheir strongly condemned U.S. imperialism whose American reactionaries. who are outrvardly strong but pursuit of racist policies internal'ly, he said, h.as inwardly weak; it belongs to. the American people, always been accompanied by the moral and material including the Negro people, the editorial concluded.

Speech by Kuo Mo-io

Comrades and Friends, Chairman Mao's statement has a far-reaching political inftruence and is of great historic significance. years ago, This day three our most esteemed and It is a great call to fight against the racial discrimination beloved leader Chairman Mao Tse-tung issued the practised by U.S. imperiallsm. It has immensely inspired "Statement Supporting the American Negroes in Their the fighting will of the American Negroes. The entire Just Struggle Against Racia1 Discrimination by , U.S. Cl-rinese people firmly support it! The American people, Imperialism." Today, when the just struggle of tl're a-nd particularly the American Negroes, warmly respond American Negro people against racial discrimination is to it! The people of Asia, Africa and Latin America witnessing a new upsurge, it is of gr'eat practical signif- actively support it! Ai-rd the people of the'"vhole world icance that we people of ali circles in Peking are fer'vently praise it! They say that Chairman Mao's state- gathered here at this rally in solemn commemoration ment has brought hope to the American Negroes and of the third annirrersary of the publication of Chairman that, like a torch, it has lighted up the hearts of aII Ma,o's statement. First of all, Iet us pay high tribute Negro people! They say Chairman Mao's statement has and express firm support and heartfeit regards to our pointed to the correct path and direction for the American Negro brothers who are waging a heroic American Negroes and all oppressed nations and struggle against racial discr"iraination in defiance of U.S. oppressed peoples to win independence, freedom and imperialism's barbarous suppression and persecution. Iiberation!

20 Peking Reuieu, IVo. 33 Message From the Rally ffl ODAY ten thousand people of all circles in marks a new stage in the struggle of the American I Peking, the capital of China, are holding this Negro people. raliy in solemn commemoration of the third anni- The American Negro people's class consciousness versary of the publication of the Statement Support- has been constantly raised through the practice of ing the American Negroes in Their Just Struggle their struggle over the past few years. They are more AgainSt Racial Discrimination by U.S. Imperialism, a and more clearly directing the spearhead of their statement by Chairman Mao Tse-tung, the most struggle against the reactionary U.S. ruling clique esteemed and beloved leader of the Chinese people. which comprises a handful of persons. Ttre American The raiiy expresses high tribute and resolute sup- Negroes' struggle has been ever more closely linked port to the heroic American Negro brothers who are up vvith the American people's movement against the engaged in the struggle against racial discrimination! U.S. imperialist war of aggression against Vietnam. It extends heartfelt regards to the Amer-ican Negro This constitutes a porverful support to the Vietnamese brothers who have been persecuted in the strugglel people's struggie against U.S. aggression and for na- It expresses boundless indignation and strong protest tional saivation as w-ell as to the anti-U.S. struggle against U.S. imperialism u'hich is ruthlessly persecu- of the people of the rvhole world. ting and sanguinarily suppressing the American Imperialism and all r'eactionalies are paper tigels. Negro people! U.S. imperialism has. been heavily besieged by the The Statement issued by Chairman Mao three people of the world. It is sitting ori a volcano u,hich years ago shines forth s-ith the brilliance of Marx- may erupt at any time. The reactionary U.S. ruling ism-Leninism and l\Iao Tse-tung's thought. Chair- clique is in n-rorbid lear of the American Negroes' man Mao's Statement has a far-reaching polit- struggle against tyranny. This fully reveals the in- ical influence and great historic significance. It trinsic r.veakness of U.S. imperialism. is a great call to fight against U.S. imperialist racial The American Negroes' struggle is by no means discrimination, and it has immensely inspired the isolated. They will for evel receive boundless sym- fiehtine will of the American Negro people! The pathy and resolute support from the 700 miilion rally reaffirms the filmest and warmest support of Chinese people and rvill certainly receive sympatl-ty the 700 million Chinese people for Chairman Mao's and support from all peace-loving peoples of the State ment. lvhole u,orld. We are deeply convinced that thi: American Negro people rvill definitely win the great strug- The development of the American Negroes' victory of complete emancipation, so }ong as they gle in the past three years has proved tJlat the theses further close their ranks, unite u'ith aIl oppressed Mao's very wise and en- in Chairman Statement are peoples and nations and rvage a tit-for-tat struggie correct and represent the incontrovertible truth. tirely against the reactionary foleign and domestic poiicies . In the past three years the American Negroes' of U.S. imnerialism. struggles against racial discrimination have s'"r'ept the U.S. imperialism is bound to be defeated! length and breadth of the United States like a pr-ailie The Amei'ican Negro people are bound to rvin! fire. Since the beginning of this summer, a series of Negro people's armed struggles against tyranny Rally of People of AIi Circles in Peking and Support- have again broken out in Chicago-and other big cities Opposing U.S. Imperialism People in Their of the United States. The American Negroes' strug- ing the American Negro Discrimination gle has begun to take the road of using revolutionary Struggle Against Rac;al vioience against counter-revoiutionary violence. This Peking, August B, 1966

The very facts of the American Negroes' strLiggle In the past three years. the storms of the American against racial discrimination in the past three )'eals Negroes' struggle har.e su'ept the whole of the United have fully proved that the theses in Chailman \'Iao's States. from south to north and from east to west. In statement are entirely correct and represent the incon- 1963. 250.000 people from various parts of the United trovertible truth and that Mao Tse-tung's thought is States made the "n{arch on Washington." In 1964, the Marxism-Leninism of the present era and the sharpest Negro peopie in the Harlem area of Nerv York City Negroes' struggle to defend weapon for combating imperialism, modern revisicnism raised the curtain to the In 1965, the and reactionaries of all countries. themselves by the use of violence. Negro people in the Watts area of Los Angeles waged Chairman Mao has said that the American Negroes a still rnore fierce armed struggle against tyranny. The are awakening and their resistance is growing stronger American N,egroes' struggles are surging forward rvave and stronger. Chairman Mao has most penetratingly upon wave, rising higher and higher. Since the begin- pointed out that the class contradictions and national .ning of this summer, there has been a succession of contradictions withjn the United States are becoming Negro armed str:uggies against tyranny in such impol'- increasingly acute. tant cities as Chicago, New York, San Francisco and 1 1 I August 12, 1966 21 E h

Cleveland. Using bricks, tile fragments, bottles of their fighting will, to blur their sense of c-lass distinc- gesoilne, and gtrns. the masses of the Negroes fougkrt tion anC divert . the direction of their struggie. But Ioi.rg and fierce battles qrith thousands of policemen and the American Negro people, who have been gr.'s11rlng irr trcops rrho had come to suppress them. This struggle strength in the midst of struggles and lvhose class has throrrn the reactionary U.S. ruling clique into consciousness has been constantly raised, ar.e neither grea: panic and put them in a terrible dilemma. tc be duped nor to be cowed. It is entirely futile for the reactionary U.S. ruling ciique to attempt in a tyranny of sacri- Fearing neither nor the making thousand and one ways to stamp out the raging flarnes the Negro people have been conducting f:ces- American of the American Negro peopie's struggle, and this s:'li2nf, indomitable and persistent struggles, thus com- attempt is doomed to ignominious failure. p.*sir:g a soul-stirring epic. This dauntless spirit of dar:ng to struggle on the part of the American Negro Chairrnan Mao has said that the fascist atrocities pecple is a source of great inspiration to all oppressed of the {.J.S. imperialists against the Negro people have peoples and oppressed nations. The Chinese people exposed the true nature of the so-called American hail the heroic struggle of their American Negro denaocracy and freedorn and revealed the inner link brothers! betrveen the reaetionary policies pursued by the u.S. Gervernrnent at home and its policies of aggression Chairman Mao has said that in the final analysis, abroad. nationan struggle is a matter of class struggle, Chair- man Mao has most penetratingly pointed out the essence In order to hoodwink people, the reactionary U.S. of the American Negroes' struggle. ruling clique has been lauding to the sk1, the so-cailed "civil rights bill," "vrar on poverty" programrne and people live right at the bottom The American Negro "struggle for civil rights by non-vioietrce." But its U.S. capitalist society which is rotten to the core. of own deeds invariably serve to expose its deceptive yokes profit,-grabbing U.S. Tl-re heavy built by tactics thoroughly. The facts har.e shorrn that ail it monopoly capital fall first and foremost on the broad sa;zs is false rvhile its police. arm-v and prisons are American Negro people, They are the masses of the rea1. Like all reactionary ruling classes in history, sufferers from poverty, unemplo-vment. taxation worst the reactionary U.S. ruling elique has all along relied similar scoui'ges. For a long time, the American and all on vicience to maintain its rule. Therefole. it is Negro people have been subjected to the most ruthless inevitable that the American Negro people should use economic exploitation and the most barbarcus political violence to resist the reactionary U.S. ruling clique. cppression. Le the final analysis, the U.S. ruling class's In the past three years, the American Negroes' strug- ir:citement to racial discrimination and oppression gle has gradually embarked on the correct road of of the American,Negroes are class persecutio4 and are using revolutionary violence against counter-revolu- determined by the interests of U.S. monopoly capital. tici-rai'y violence. This marks a new stage in the Wirere there is oppression, there is resistance. Where American I\egro people's struggle. the oppression is the most brutal, there the resistance is the most fierce. The facts have proved that the The facts over the past three ; ea-rs have likervise exploited and oppressed American Negro people are convincingly proved that the more U.S. irnperialism tl-re most staunch and most reliable revolutionary force vigcrously pushes forward with its policies of aggres- in the United States. sion and war, and particularly the more it expands its u'ar aggression As Chairrnan Mao has pointed out, among the of against Vietnam, the more it lvill rvhites in the {Jnited States, it is only the reactionary intensify its attacks on the American people, and ru)ling circXes who oppress the Negro people. They can particularly on the American Negro people. In expand- in no way I'epresent the workers, farnrers, revoiutionary ing its rvar of aggression against Vietnam, U.S. imp,e- intellectuals and other enlightened persons who com- rialism has not only brought grave disasters to the rrrise the overwhelming rnajority of the white peopte. Vietna-mese people but has also trror-rght conscription, T[ris, too, is a manifestation of the truth which tax increases, inflation and fascist persecution to the Chairrnan Mao has often taught us: "Who are American people. and particlllarly to the American our enemies? Who are our friends? This is a ques- Negroes. U.S. imperialism is the most ferocious enemy, tion of the tirst importance for the revolution." . The not only of the Vietnamese people and the people of re'rolutionary Amer'ican Negro people are finding the the rvcrld but of the American people as we1l. a-nswer to this question through the practice of struggle. In the struggle against U.S. irnperialist polieies of Tiris forcefully borne out is by the fact that the aggression and war, the peopie of the world and the American Negroes are ever more clea.rly directing the American peoptre stand together, and they have ahvays spearhead of their struggie against the reactionary U.S. sympathized with and supported and assisted each ruling clique. other. By striking hard at U.S. imperiaiism in the The reactionary U.S, ruling clique is in morbid fear battlef ie1d, the Vietnamese people have rendered of the raging struggle of the American Negro peopie. po'wei'fu1 support to the struggle of the American On the one hand, it is carrying out frantic fascist sup- N.:gro people. Si*rilar1y, by fighting against U.S. irn- irression of the American Negro people's str:uggle; on peri:,.1ii;t - ra.cial discrimination, the Arnerican Negro the other hand, it is aciopting deceptive means to nuarb pcople have in turn given importa.nt support to the

,, Peking Review, No. 33 Vietnamese people's struggle against U.S. aggression bl'oad masses of the Arnerican Negloes and the Ameri- and for national salvation. In the past three years, can people, all the oppressed peoples and oppressed our American Negro brothers have firmly opposed nations of the world, and all the countries and peopies U.S. imperialism's expansion of its war of aggression subjected to U.S. imperialist aggression, control, inter- against Vietnam by refusing to enlist and burning draft vention or bullying, but it absolutely must not include cards, and have thus more and more closely linked the the flunkeys and accomplices of U.S. imperialism. struggle against political and economic persecution with Willingly serving U.S. imperialism, the modern revi- the movement against U.S. imperialist aggression in sionist leading clique of the Soviet Union is vainly Vietnam. They have done a good thing, and the right attemfting to undermine this genuine anti-U.S. united thing too! We are deeply eonvinced that, with the front in a thousand and one ways under the signboard support of American pqople and the people of the whoie of so-called "united action." At the recent 12th Worid worlci, our American Negro brothers with their glorious Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs held tradition of struggle will surely rise in still more in Japan, the Soviet revisionist clique has once again vigorous action and push their struggie against tyranny been engaged in sabotage and has smuggled into the to a new high in order to support the Vietnarnese peo- conference the delegation of the World Federation of ple in their struggle against U.S. aggression and for Democratic Youth which is under its control. In order national salvation and in order to win their own free- to protest against this act, deiegates from 16 countries dorn and equai rights. have declared their withdrawal from the conference. Comrades and friends! In the struggle of the Some of these delegates have already arrived in Peking people of the world against U.S. imperialism, the So- and are attending our rally today. Let us express warm viet revisionist leading clique is playing the role of 'uvelcome to them. The Chinese people ful1y support number one acconplice to U.S. imperialism in all their just stand in upholding principles. This has, fields. It has never suptrrcrted our American Negro mcreover, demonstrated once again that in ord.er to brothers in their struggle against U.S. imperialism. To oppose U.S. imperialism, it is imperative to oppose cover up its traitorous activities, it absurdly describes modern revisionism with the leading clique of the the correct stand of supporting the national-lib,eration C.P.S.U. as its centre, and that the revolutloaary movement as "substituting a racial point of vierv for people of the rvorld are becoming more discerning than the point of view of class struggle." On the Vietiram ever and U.S. imperialism and its accomplices rvil1 question. it is doir-lg its utmost to serve U.S. imperial- not succeed in whatever schemes and tricks they resort' isrn, not hesitating to sell out the interests of the Viet- to. rlarnese peoplc. acts Lt.S. It in co-ordinalion with im- Ccmrades and friends! Three 1-ears ago Clrairman perialism in promcting the seheme of "forcing peace Mao said in his Staternent, ". . . rriih thc support c'f talks through bombing" and has turned Mosccrv into niare than 90 per cent ef the people of the trorld' the a stock exchange for helping U.S. imperiali,

Augast 12,'7966' .23 5;

F

Speech by U.S. Negro Leqder Robert Willioms

Brothers, Sisters, Patriots, Revolutionaries: percent of the population. We resent being deformed by a white man's mold in a degenerate white supremacy Once again, want Ckrairrnan Mao Tse- I to thank society that derides and belittles our African heritage tung and our brothers, the great Chinese people for and makes us ashamed of our ethnic characteristics. their support of our struggle. Cornmemotating the Black Power is the vehicle by which we hope to reach third anniversary of Chairman Mao Tse-tung's State- a stage wherein we can be proud black people without ment calling upon the people of the worlcl to unite the necessity of an apology for our non Anglo-Saxon against racial discrimination by U.S. irnperialism and features. The dominant society in racist America is support the American Negroes in their struggle against reactionary, imperialist, racist and decadent and we wish racial discrimination, the greatest tribute that can be to disassociate ourselves from it. Black Power is a dis- paid to the correctness of his imrnortal lvords lie in a sident force challenging the racist white power structure current analysis and assessment of the'present devel- that is so heinously exterminating the people of Viet- opment of struggle being waged by the Afro-American nam and threatening the world rnzith nuclear destruc- people. tion. Chairman Mao Tse-tung's staterrrent of August B, We have been victims of white racism for 400 years 1963 gave inspiration to a people lcng ancl l:ruta1ly op- in the new world. We have been victims of racist bar- pressed and dehumanized. then la.boring the under barism for almost 200 years under the present form of IVlascchist-like philosophy' of neo-Gandhism. ilis s'ords government. Our people are slaughtered like swine on gave impetus to a floundering and feeble movement of the main streets of racist America. Our churches and armed self-defenie. And today all reactionary of the homes have been bombed. Our women are raped with world is shocked and terrified bv the turbulent winds impunitl'. Our men have been emasculated. We are of ever inbreasing armed resistance now sweeping the hated and murdered for no other reason than being mighty fortress of savage imperialism and beastly born black and because rve refuse to commend and love racism. In racist America's mightv northern cities. in our savage oppressors, we are called racists, the small towns, in the countryside, in the dark and deep jungle wilderness of the southland, from coast to We are oppressed people. Our objective is to coast oppressed and dehumanized black people are destroy the hurtful str,anglehold of our enem)' oppres- meeting oppressive racist terrorist's violence with rev- sors. An opponent without the courage to designate olutionary violence. The thunder of BLACK POWER his enemy by his true characteristics cannot expect to echoes throughout the land. A mighty firestorm sweeps confront and defeat him. We propose to call our thror-tgh the black ghettoes rife rvith rebellion. In their enemies what they are. We propose to rally our people paradise of stolen wealth, ringed by massive arsenals and fight on this basis. We do not propose to mince of horrible death weapons, the t),rannical kings of im- our words for the sake of peaceful coexistence. It is perialism tremble from the terrifying shcck of a con- a natural law that a humble lamb cannot peacefully frontation with wretched and angry slaves, armed with coexist rvith a rabid wolf in close proximity. a common household match and a bottle of gasoline. Yes, we have some white Americans with us in lVhat is the meaning of this cry BLACI{ POWER in our struggle. They are our true brothers. These rev- a land dominated by the unmerciful po\,ver of white olutionaries understand and share our anger. They intruders who murdered and all but exterrninated the know it is justified. Their spirit is an extension of the rigtitful owners, the Americ,an Indians? Black por,r,er glorious spii'it of the great and noble anti-slavery fighter, means that black men want to have some control over John Brown. Yes, they too are a hated and persecuted their own lives, to have a respected voice in public af- minority people in Johnson's majority mob rule Hitlerite fairs that affect them. We resent being a colonial peo- jungle society. Yes, and like all other peoples rve have ple, treated as third class citizens in our own native enemies in our ranks. We have black traitors who land. We resent being Iorbidden to speak for ourselves, practice treason for 30 pieces of silver. We have black even in black bel.ts wheie we constitute as much as 8b Judases, insensate running dogs for the Johnson ad- ,a Peking Retsieu, IVo. .33 ministration and its racist white power structure. Like Yes, rve are a minority but we are a minority with their white puppet masters, these black puppets too have the po.uver of a righteous cause and justice on our side. days that are numbered. We are a minority marching in the endless fiies of the great Our wrath is as intense against the black lackeys multi-racial masses of the invincible anti-imperial- of our white oppressors. as it is against the white su- ist and anti-racist forces of the tvorid. For the benefit premacy oppressors themselves. These mercenary Uncle of lVIr. Johnson, who puts so much stock in numbers, Toms are the most vocal nonviolent peace peddlers in we remind him once again, in the rrords of a great peo- the storm centers of racist America today. The ghet- ple's leader, a liberator rrhose r*'ords, thought and toes are ablaze but they advocate peaceful submission teaehings stand as impeecable in the turbulent rn,inds to continued tyranny and oppression. of time as the mighty Rock of Gibraltar. l-es. \\'e re- mind him once again that our great leader and teacher, Johnson, the great civil rights advocate, the former Chairman Mao Tse-tung has said: senator from the racist state of Texas u'ho as senator voted against every civil rights bill that came before ". . . lVe are in the majority and they are in the the U.S. Senate, claimed to be a modern day Moses to minority. At most, they make up less than ten per black Americans so long as they passively al1or,l'ed cent of the three thousand million population of the themselves to be n-rauled and maimed by rvhite suprem- w-orld. I am firmly convinced that, rvith the support acy brutes and thugs. But now, with brutal rvhite of rnore than ninety per cent of the people of the world, supremacy Federal Power, he threatens those r,r,ho de- the American Negroes will be victorious in their just fend themselves, their homes and their u'ornen and struggle. The evil systern of rolonialism and imperial- childlen. Mr. Johnson. the big daddy' *.hite supremacist. ism arose and throve u'ith the enslavement of Negroes l.,,ould remind our people that we are a minority and and the trade in Negroes, and it will surely eome to the brutai racist white savages are a majorit-v. Like its end u'ith the complete emancipation of the black his fellowtraveliing Ku Klux Klansmen, he endeavors people." to frighten and intimidate us by the mere numbers of Today, in the social jr-rngle of racist America the our eternal oppressors. In the same fashion tl.rat Mr. rights of colored people are less respected than those Johnson r,vould like to intimidate the Chinese people of common street dogs. The law and the kangaroo massive with a arsenal of nuclear weapons he is en- courls of the so-callcd free u,orld of "Christian" de- deavoring to intirnidate the black American by alluding mc,cracy protect the rights of common street dogs and to great hordes of white supremacists are ready who other dumb animals but tl-rere is not a single court of and r,l,illing to exterminate our peopie. We say to Mr. Iarv that dispenses even-handed justice and unbiased Johnson that intimidation, violence and brutality will constitutional and human rights to colored Americans. not stop the raging fires in the people's liberation strug- The long br-utal and miserable plight of our people gle. The only force on earth powerful enough to halt throughout the history of barbaric America encompasses the flames engulfing the ghettoes and main streets of one most shameful and savage chapters in the racist America consists of fair play, brotherhoo

ArLgust 12, 1966 Z:) The Open Door Policy was the policy of an armed Even bourgeois minded so-called socialists are more and bandit at the door of a peaceful man. Today, the same more identif),ing and grouping on a racial basis rather bandit rapes and plunders the land of Vietnam, murders than on a class basis. We Afro-American revolutionaries defenseless r*-omen and children and exterminates the hat,e discovered that some so-called socialists, we peopie in the name of "free world Christian democracy." thought to be our comrades and class brothers, have joined the international Ku KIux Klan fraternity ior ltre same bandit who exterminated and starved the rvhite supremacy world domination. To our consterna- American Indian on his own native soil now piously tion, we have discovered that the bourgeois orientated proclaims to practice charity to the nation of India in power structure of somb socialist states, even one with a a hypocritical effort to use them in his campaign to black and rvhite population, would prefer to preserve suMue and enslave the peoples of Asia. What is the the white reactionary anti:communist power structure nature of his democracy? What does such a beastly, in racist America, their natural national enem)/, than to imperiaiist racist savage know about democracy? Should see a just, democratic, fraternal socialist state brought not democracy, like charity, stai't first at home and then about by the revolutionary action of oppressed blacks 'spread abroad? What is the democracy of the Black that r.vould serve the best interests of all people of all American captives in the miserable ghettoes, in the races. Like their Yankee counterparts that they love cotton fields of Misslssippi, battered by the savagB to ape so well. even to the point of emulating their policeman's club in Washington, D.C.? What is the racism, they are moving might and main to frustrate democracy of the Puerto Ricans, of the Mexicans and and defeat the revolutionary movements of the of the American Indians in racist America? Only the oppressed peoples throughout the rvorld. most naive can beiieve the emptv w-ords and promises of such a morally banki'upt charlatan. We of the Afro-American liberation movement I'€is- olutely condemn and oppose all counter revolutionaries American supremacy is personified Deceptive white and purveyors of u,hite supremacy whether they cloak hypocrites like Bobb;. Kennedy, sophisticated by a their treachery in the garb of Marxist-[.eninist phlase- huckster and charlatan of the fir:,

26 Peking Ret:ieut, No. 33 governed by white power. pentagon The is a white time is fast approaching hen the so-called good rea- dominated repressive. ',t arm of a ruthless elite white sonable American must make a decision either to power overtiy structure, Wall Street is an exclusive club of the side r.r'ith American chauvinism and jingoism great or to rakL white chiefs of business and industry. Black a resolute anti-imperialist and anti_racist stand that Americans are resisting the racist and imperialist lily tvill be a firm basis for a just and lasting rvorld peace. $'hite power structure. How can a people r,vho are fight- We v;ho are brutall.y* oppressed ing and dying simply to w-rest the most basic of hurnan and victin-rized can_ not forever afford to spare the fortress rigiris from an intransigent and tyrannical pou,er struc_ of social reac_ tion and tyranny because there are allegedi.,'- ture be said to be partners of that po\\.er structure and silent dissenters within its gates. Those u,ho ar-e rvithout u,illing participants in its racist and imperialist ventures principle and conviction to declare ihenrselves and crimes against humanity? for. the righteous cause of the oppressed must be prepared to suffer the consequences The United States toclay is a fascist society more of the gathering storm of rhe violent and turbulent brtrtal than any the world has ever knor,vn. It has all winds of retribution. A good man rvho is silent and inactive in times great but exterminated a rvhole people. It has robbed and of injustice and oppression is no good man raped an entire continent vi,iih impunity. It has divided at all. He is no aily io freedom and justice but is a siient partner to tyranny the peoples of the rvorld into national factions and set and oppression. He does not deserve exemption from them against themselves and their brothers. With no the condemnation and vengeance of those whom his more authority than the wave of its bloody imperialist silence allows to be victimized. The myth of the good hand it has abrogated the right of self-cletermination of reasonable American who is yet to be heard is a ruse small nations. It has appointed and crou.necl itself both perpetrated by the psychological arm of the imperialist king and armoured knight of the w.hole universe. It forces of tyranny. It is one minute to zero racist ihreatens the globe with annihilation. in It is a super America. Four hundred bloody and gruesome years colonial power that is colonializing the colonials. have passed. For 400 years our good silent partners have The world famed and brilliant philosopher, Lord remained silent and inactive. Time is running out and they Eertrand Russell has justifiably stated that racist stand at the dividing line stiil beseeching patience, America has exterminated more black people than still beseeching the slave to leave his fate to his silent Ilitier exterminated Jervs in Nazi Germany. Lord friends ever infected with inertia. They plead Russell and many other fair minded humanists through_ for deference on behalf of the good people ,*,ho yet out the world have justifiabty stated that the U.S. mili- stand at one minute to zero in the tyr.annical shadows of the enemy tary aggression in Vietnam is executed in a rnore cruel camp. We call to them to separate them- selves from the and barbarous manner than even the horrible cam_ devii's legions. \i'e inform them that they have not 400 paigns of aggression, genocide and conquest carried out more .\-ear-s to make a decisior but by,Hitlerls fascist Germany. one minute before the . hour of zcro, before the Ar-n:aged

Attg+'ust 1966 12, 27 r- r The Chinese People's Most Precious Gift to the World's People - Tributes to Moo Tse-tung's Thought From Afro-Asion Writers Touring Chino f, T the close of the Afro-Asian Writers' Emergency Iris famous work, Nguyen Van Troi As He Was, and / r il{eeting on July 9, delegates from various countries badges of the South Vietnam National Front for Libera- toured different parts of China. During their journey tion. He said: "We are so glad to see that you have through the country they sang the praises of Mao accorrrplished such great deeds of transforming nature. Tse-tlrng's thought. hailing Chairman IVIao as the red We'lI take this spirit of self-reliance of yours back to sun in the hearts of the u,orid's people. I\Iao Tse-tung's south Vietnam. It will be an encouragement to our thought, they said, is the most precious gift of the people in overcoming difficujties and fighting the Chinese people to the peoples of Asia, Africa, Latin enemv.'' America and to the people of the whole world. Jaoudat al-Rikabi and Salarne Oubied of Syria, who were entertained at the home of Chou Feng-Iin, Moo Tse-tung's lhought Creotes Wonders a commune member, had a gcoC time talking with their On July 11 writers from a number of countries host. Chou told his guests that the people of Shashihyu braved a dou,npour to visit the Shashihyu Production were resolved to work hard in order to support the Brigade of the Yuehkechuang People's Commune in world revolution. The visitors were greatly impressed Tsunhwa County, Hopei Province. Members of this and moved. Jaoudat al-Rikabi said with deep feeling: production brigade, guided by the great Mao Tse-tung's "The Chinese peasants are very forward-looking. That,s tl-rought, displayed revolutionary the spirit of "working the result of guidance b.y Mao Tse-tung's thought. From nation's prosperity hard for the and relying on one's oul visit 'today we can sec how lhe levolutionary peas- or,r,,n efforts" and the perseverance of the labled "Foolish ants of China have taken hold of Mao Tse-tung,s Old Man." They worked hard, unceasingly, inleliigently, thought, and how this has pr.oduced a great force.,, and after more than ten years successfully turned what was formerly a poor village where "soil is as precious - Moo Tse-tung's Thinking on Literoture ond Art ls as pearls and water as precious as oil and nothing except The Adyoncing Torch for Afro-Asion Writers rocks and boulders grows on tl-re hills" into a brand On the morning new socialist viliage with terraced fields- and row after of July 19, rvith infinite respect for Yenan, some of the delegates to the row of fruit trees growing all over the once barren hills. Afro-Asian Writers, Emelgency lileeting Here the people have won natiohal renown for -setting visited Yangchialing, Chairman I\{ao's lornrer lesidcnce an outstanding example of creatively studying and ap- there. I{. was here in May 1942 that Chairman N{ao gave plying Chairnian Mao's works in the conquest of nature. his Talks at the Yenan For'um an Literatnre and Art. The delegates walked to the During their visit, these friencls from overseas lormer conference room of the General Office of the Iauded Chairman Mao from the bottom of their hearts. Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, They expressed a cornmon view that here they have r..'hele the forum had taken place. In the sarie room, seen the transiation Mao Tse-tung's- of thought into rhe delegates heid discussions rvith son-re Chinese lvriters Facts prove grasped action. that once by the masses of ai.id iocal literary and art worl

28 Peking Reuieu, No. 33 follorv Chairman Mao's directive of 24 years ago very world, making China the cradle of the world revolu- u.ell. tion." Kularb Saipradit, a famous writer from Thailand, On July 21 the Asian and African friends arrived said that Chairman Mao in his work had given a at Shaoshan in Siangtan County, Hunan Province, to detailed and clear-cut ansu,er to the question of whom visit Chairman Mao Tse-tung's birthplace. When literature and art should serve. In order that literature Absalom Bahule of Mozambique saw a pestle and and art can well serve the workers, peasants and mortar and was toid that it v,,as here that Comrade soldiers, the literary and art workers must integrate I\l[ao Tse-tung used to hull rice when he was young, themselves with the masses. Thi.s was a most valuable he could not restrain himself and stepped on to the plat- directive. He also said that this work had made a deep form to work the pestle. He said: "Now that I have impression. It was a torch illuminating the direction in seen the place where he worked, I feel that Chairman u,hich the literature and art in his country should Mao has never been divorced from the peasants. He be created. Under the light of this torch, literature and is a genuine Marxist. He is not only the leader of the art in his country are becoming a revolutionary weapon Chinese people but of the revoiutionary people the in the present struggle against U.S. imperialism. world over. The people of the world place their hopes Hong Chuong, a writer from the Democratic Be- on Mao Tse-tung's thought.l' After seeing the photos objects public of Vietnam, praised the Talks by Chairman Mao and in the exhibition hall here, the Asian and as a great contribution to the Marxist-Leninist theory African friends made entries in the visitors' book, praising on literature and art because they had ansrvered many warmly the great thought of Mao Tse-tung. (L), fundamental questions in the field of literature and art. Kibwe Constantin-Marie, delegate from the Congo wrote: "The Congolese people have always held Mao Agam Wispi, an Indonesian rrziter, said that the Tse-tung's thought in high esteem. becar-rse it is a torch Talks by Chairman Mao had opened a bright path for- Ughting the rvay for all mankind, a compass to show ward for the revolutionary literary and art workers. the way for the oppressed people in Asia, Africa and He expressed his wish to do still better from now on Latin America." in learning from the masses, integrating himself with While talking to workers during a visit to them and studying Mao Tse-tung's thought. the State-Owned Northwest No. 4 Cotton Mill and the State-Owned No. 1 Printing and Dyeing Plant in Moo Tse-tung's Thought llluminqtes All Monkind Sian on July 22, Mrs. Nancy Grant, a writer from Sierra While visiting the Anshan Iron and Steel Company Leone, said: "We cherish Chairman Mao's works just on July 20, Laotian delegate Outama Choulamany said: as you do. I have read through the four volumes of "With Mao Tse-tung's thought, man can work miracles. his selected works. Chairman Mao's thesis that im- The development of the Anshan Iron and Steel Com- perialism and all reactionaries are paper tigers is partic- pany from small to big, from few to m?ny, from being ularly significant. Imperialism and socialism are t\ro wepk to powerful, from producing low-quality products antagonistic social s;l'stems. How- can the-'- coexist to high-quality products is the result of the brilliant peacefulll'? While opposing U.S. imperialisrrq one guidance by Mao Tse-tung's thought. The great achieve- must at the same time oppose its accomplices." ments of the Anshan Iron and Steel Compan5.' show On July 23 the Asian and African friends r*,ho that Mao Tse-tung's thought has taken deep root in visited the Sian People's Enamel Factory, an advanced people's minds and that it is the never setting sun." enterprise of the Taehing type, had a talk with *'ork- ers, peasants and soldiers who are activists in studying Cameroon del'ogate lllouzong said: "The peo- Chairman Mao's works. Viriato Dacruz of Angola ple all over the world have an ardent love for Chair- said that Mao Tse-tung's thought was the universal man Mao. Mao Tse-tung's thought is of universal truth of the world revolution and that China was now significance. It belongs not only to the people of China, the centre of the world revolution, and Mao Tse-tung's but to the revolutionary people of the w-hole world. thought was guiding the people a1l over the world in The imperialists and Soviet modern revisionists spare opposing U.S. imperialism and modern revisionisrn- no effort in opposing Mao Tse-tung's thought. This fully shows that Mao Tse-tung's thourght is absoh-rtely Plunging lnto the Seething Struggle correct. The more they oppose it, the more we wiII Of the People d,efend it. This is the task of both tl,e Chinese people "We, progressive Afro-Asian writers, are deter- and the Cameroon people." mined to use our pens as weapons, to plunge ourselves On July 20 the foreign friends who visited the into the seething struggle of the people against im- llunan Provincial No. 1 Norma1 School in Changsha perialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism, and to saw the exhibition on revolutionary mementos of Chair- strive for the implementation of this glorious and great man Mao's youth. Mohamed Dahan of Somali Coast historical task in the struggle of winning and safe- ("French") said: "Every word of Chairman Mao is guarding national independence and serving the broad precious, for rt deals rn,ith the Chinese revolution masses of the people. We are convinced that a new and the world revolution. Since 1919, Chairman Mao Afro-Asian culture, literature and art will certainly has taken part in revolutionary activities not only to develop along with the development of the Afro-Asian transform Chinese society, but to transform the whole people's revolutionary sttuggle and wili burst forth in

August 12, 1966 Z9 f'- r

elren more briiliant radiance than before; the Afro- to wage a rgsolute struggle against modern revisionism A*ian pecole ale sure to make greater contlibutions in order to achieve final victory. to the rrcrid cuiture." Tran Van Hien, Cultural Attaehe of the Embassy This t'as said by Kuo Mo-jo, Chairman of the All- of the Dernocratic Eepublic of Vietnam in China, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and Leader se\ierely denounced U.S. imperialism for its crimes of rrl t-he Chinese f)elegation to the .A.fro-Asian Writers' aggre-ssion and gave an account of ihe victories r.von Fmerg;ency Meeting, in a speech at a mass raily in by the Vietnamese people in their struggie against U.S. Si:ar:ghai on August 2. The raily, attended b17 more aggres-sion and for national salvation. He said that no than 10,000 people, was heid to bid farewell to frier-rds natter v,'hat methods U.S. in.rperialism nright resort to, {rom various countries rvho had attended the AIro- whether it was armed foi.ce or the fraud of "peace Asian Wriiers' Emergency lVlee'uing in Peking. On that talks," they couid only end in disastrous defeat. The da;-. these cielegates froir-r different countries, r,vho had Vietnamese people would never submit. The Viet- toured the country by several routes, gathered in nailese people were very proud of the fact that in their Shanghai. R.D. Senanayake, Secretary-General of struggle they alr,r,ays have the ?00 miilion fraternal the Afro-Asian Writers' Bureau, who has made great Chinese people. armed with Mao Tse-tung's thought, as contributions to the Afro-Asian u,riters' movement in powerful backing, and the vast territory of China as their solid rear alea. its persistent struggle against imperiaiism and colo- 'H.ru, nialism, and his wife, also arrived in Shanghai to at- Nguyen Tleuan rep*esentative of the Perma- tend the raily. nent Mission of the South Vietnam National Front for The rally \\rarmly acclaimed the great victory o{ Liberation in China, gave an account of the tou,eling the Afro-Asian peopie's solidarity against impelialism. crimes committed by U.S. imperialism in Vietnam and It gaize fuli expression to the firm determinaticn of then firmly declared that the people of south Vietr-ratr-t the Chinese people and the Afro-Asian peopie to carry had no other way but to rise and light for their inde- through to the end the struggle against imperialism, pendence and freedom. colonialism and neo-colonialism and their confidence Ahmed Mohammed Kheir of the Sudan said: "The in victory. mol'e lve make progress together with our peoples in The recent Afro-Asian Writers' Emergenc.,' l{eet- our levolutionarl,.- struggle against U.S. imperiaiism ing. Kuo hlo-jo said. was an unprecedented great meet- and its stooges. the more rve hold firm to our revolu- prineiples, ing of the solidarity of the Afro-Asian u,riters, and tionary the mor:e it becomes clear to us that also an unprecedented great meeting of victorious the Soviet leading revisionists and their followers, be demonstration against divisive activities. they in the Sudan or sonreu'here else, are nothing but a vi'retched hired clique in the selvice of U.S. impe- He strongly condemned the U.S. imper.ialists' uns- rialism." He said: "The thought of Mao Tse-tung is crupulous bombing of Hanoi Haiphong and in an at- the living embodiment and briiliant summary of the tempt peace to "force talks through bombing." He practicai experience of more than 700 million people also denounced the accomplices of U.S. imperialism for dur"ing v,rhole decades of unprecedentedly difficult rev- vigorous their efforts to run errands for it. I\{oscow olutionary struggles. For this reason, the thought of even Tokyo become and had the marketplace for I\ilao Tse-tung is the most precious gift the Chinese peddling the "peace talks" fraud. people present to the peoples of Asia, Africa, Latin Secretary-General Senanayake made an enthusias- America and the peoples of the wor1d." tic speech. He said that the writer deiegates had been Yahya Mohamed Hassani, leader of the Tanzanian touring China for well over two r,veeks and their Delegation, strongly condemned the Soviet revisionists deepcst impression was hou, Chairman Nlao Tse-tung,s for their criminal efforts to undermine and split the thought was applied by the millions of Chinese peo- Afro-Asian lvriters' movement. He said that the Afro- young, ple, old and in the transfolmation of the cul- Asian writers' movement '*,as a revolutionary move- tural, sccial, econornic and political. fields. He said: ,,The ment, and a movemellt fighting against imperialism rcad of Chairman Mao Tse-tung is the road to viciory an

30 Pelcing Reuieut, No. 33 No One Con Block the Eyes ond Eors of the Whole World

by "RENMIN BIBA0" COMMENTATOE

A FTER China exposed to the world the Soviet-U.S. Lately, on a number of occasions, while attacking / r collusion in the scheme to "force peace talks China by implication, the Soviet revisionist leading through bombing" on Vietnam, the Soviet revisionist clique has struck a pose of not being interested in leading clique found itself in a quandary. It will never "peace talks." But this is in fact a revealing admis- consent to give up its scheme but at the same time it sion to the contrary. For who was it that said the is afraid it might be working too much in the open. U.S. bombing of Hanoi would not affect agreement on In this situation, the Soviet paper P,rauda on July 28, disarmament between the Soviet Union and the United u-nder the boldface headline: "Sino-American Dia- States? Who was it that reacted lvith such coldness Iogue.'' carried ,selections from an interview by a U.S. to President Ho Chi Minh's militant statement. his magazine u'ith the U.S. Arnbassador to Poland who Appeal to the People of the Whole Country? Who r,..as said that the Sino-American talks in Warsarv "pror.ide it that recently received in Moscorv Mrs. Indira Gandhi a forum for discussing a u'hole series oi lssues ihat and Harold Wilson. pedlar-s of the U.S. "peace talks"? confront both nations. in Southeast Asia partieuiarll-. Il-i:o is it t!'rat has just held ''q-arm" talks *-ith L: Thant but also throughout the r,vorld." that "they [the talks] or-er rhe "three-point plan" for "peace negotiallon" on are useful for a u,ho1e series of reasons" ''in connec- Yietnam? And n-hose foreign minister has just been tion with Vieti-ram" and that "both sides obviously to Tbkyo talking non-stop *-ith the Eisaku Sato gov'- rvant them to go on." ernment on Vietnam? No one can block the e1'es and People can tell at a glance what Prourlo's motive ears of the whole world, How does the Soviet revi- is in publishing these extracts. The Soviet revisionist sionist leading clique explain this chain of activities? ieading clique obviously wants to say: You expose our The Vietnam people's army paper Quan Doi Nhan collusion with the United States. But aren't you, too, Don recently denounced severely the various absurd having a "dialogue" with the United States? Why is "arguments" used to demand that the Vietnamese peo- it ali right for you to talk with the United States in ple accept "peace talks," all of which served the pur- Warsaw but criminal for us to promote peace talks on pose of U.S. imperialism. The paper pointed out: "To Vietnam? propose negotiations with the United States and to urge ,, Gentlemen in Moscow, this kind of renegade logic the south Vietnamese people to 'cease fighting' the can in no way absolve you of your crimes. United States, while the latter is still stubbornly deny- people all their sacred and funda- Our attitude to the question of negotiations has ing the Vietnamese stepping its been consistent. We have firmly adhered to the mental national rights, is feverishly up in and seeking to apply Marxist-Leninist principle that it is necessary to u,age u,ar of aggression . Vietnam a tit-for-tat stmggle. Chairman Mao Tse-tung pointed military pressure, amounts to encouragement of the go just stand the out as early as in 1945: "How to give 'tit-for-tat' U.S. aggressors to ahead." This of depends on the situation. Sometimes. not going to Vietnamese people has the support of the Chinese peo- negotiations is tit-for-tat; and sometimes, going to ple and the revolutionary people of the whole world. negotiations is also tit-for-tat." This is the Marxist- But the Soviet revisionist leading clique ls trying in L,eninist attitude tor*'ards negotiations. vain to make a deal with U.S. imperialism at the ex- pense of the blood of the Vietnamese people, in order The Sino-American ambassadorial talks have been to realize its fond dream o{ "U.S.-Soviet co-operation dragging on for more than 10 years and have long for ,,vorld domination." What kind of cold-blooded to be news. Because China firm ceased takes a people are they that sit in por,ver in the Kremlin? Marxist-Leninist stand and absolutely refuses tb bar- gain over principles, the United States has faiied to There is a saying in the Soviet Union that "you obtain anything from the Sino-American talks. At can lvrite anything on a piece of paper." The editor these meetings, as on other occasions, China has af Prarsda can serawl anything he pleases on hls paper, se.rerely condemned the bloody U.S. crimes of aggres- but not even another hundred items on China printed sion in Vietnam and all the U.S. peace talks swindies r,r.ith ulterior motives can conceal the true face of the on the Vietnam question. It has firmly supported the Soviet revisionist leading clique as a group of renegades Vietnamese people's sacred struggle to resist U.S. ag- who, serving as U.S. imperialism's accomplices, are gression and save their country. For Praad,a to in- betraying the fundamental interests of the Vietnamese sinuate that China is making some political deal with people, the Ltnited States on the Vietnam question is the height of absurditY. ("Renmin Ribao," Augttst 3.)

AtLgust 72, 1968 Meeting ol Propoganda Deportment of C.P.C. Central Committee

Raising High the Great Red Banner 0f Mao Tse-tung's Ihought and llrathfully llenouncing Chou Yang Ringleader 0f the $inister Gang in Literary find Art Gircles

Unonimously expresses thot the reyisionist block line in literoture ond ort repre- sented by Chou Yong ond opposed to the Porty, sociolism ond Moo Tse-tung's thought must be thoroughly erodicoted, thot the poison spreod by this counter- revolutionory block line must be thoroughly ond wholly cleoned out, ond thot oll the positions usurped by Chou Yong ond componf must be resolutely tqken bock ond firmly occupied.

rFHE Propaganda Department of the Central Com- capitalist restoration. Chou Yang's sinister hands ex- I mittee of the Chinese Communist Party recently tended not only to literary and art circles, but to educa- held a meeting which wrathfully denounced the tower- tion, academic research, publications and all other as- ing crimes of Chou Yang, chief ringleader of the black pects of ideological work. Comrades attending the meet- line in literary and art circles, in opposing the Com- ing, with anger in their hearts, unanimously expressed munist Party, socialism and Mao Tse-tung's thought. their determination to hold high the great red banner The meeting was presided over by Chang Ping- of Mao Tse-tung's thought and thoroughly expose all hua, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Chou Yang's criminal activities, thoroughly dig out the the Party's Central Committee. counter-revolutionary revisionist black line in literature and art represented by Chou Yang and opposed to the Comrades attending the meeting many cited very Party, socialism and Mao Tse-tung's thought, thorough- facts to prove that Chou Yang is'a representativ.e;of Iy and wholly clean out the poison spread by this btdck the bourgeoisie who sneal

9' Peking Reuieut, No. 33 posed to the light of day all his counter-revolutionary mediately usurpcd the Ieadership in the struggle dual tactics of consistently s'aving "red flags" to oppose against the Rightists in literary and art circles. Thus, the red flag, consistently playing the trick of acting a big bourgeois Rightist n-iade l-rimself out to be a one way in the open and another in the dark, and be- "hero" in the struggle agair-rst the Rightists in literary ing a sham Leftist but a real Rightist, as well as his and art circles. In the str.uggle against modern revi- ugly features those of a bourgeois conspirator who sionism, played sarr-re - Chou Yang the lrick. At the everywhere bluffed and deceived and pilfered political Third Congress of Chinese Literary and Art Workers capital. Since our revolution entered the socialist, stage, in 1960, and at the Fourth Enlarged Confelence of the it has been the Farty's Central Committee and Chair- Committee of the Departinent of Philosophy and Social man Mao Tse-tung who have personally led or lead all Science oI the Chinese Acadcmy of Sciences in 1963, the important.series of struggles on the cultural front both of which were presided over by Chou Yang, he such as the criticism of the film The LiJe of Wu unfurled the banner. of opposition to revisionism, sang Hsun, the criticism of the book Sfudies in the "Dream out, high and loud, against revisionism and nrasquerad- of the Red Chamber," the struggle against the Hu ed as an "anti-revisionist fighter." But, as in all the Feng counter-revolutionary clique, the struggle important struggles of the past, Chou Yang was madly against the bourgeois Rightists and the current engaged in counter-revolutionary dual tactics. At the great proletarian cultural revolution that is unprece- sessions he said one thing, and at smaller meetings dented in history. All these important struggles are and outside tl-re meetings.he said the opposite. In the tit-for-tat struggles beir..-een the literary and art line light he pretended to be a human being, in the shade of Marxism-Leninism and ILtao Tse-tung's thought on he was a monster. At the same time as he the one hand and the blaC< Iiteraq- and art line rep- was loudl-"- delivering his anti-revisionist lectures, resented by Chou Yang on the other. Chou Yang Chou Yang r,.'as peddling rer.isionist contraband in a nursed an inveterate hatred against these irnportant big r*-a-"- in literai-v. art. academic and educational cir- struggles which were personally led by the Party's cles. and making venomous attacks agarnst the Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao. At the crucial Central Committee and Chairman ilao. At the Third moments in all these struggles, he determinedly took Congress of Chinese Literary and Art Workers, Chou the stand of the bourgeois Rightists and the counter- Yang appeared to be calling loudly for repudiation of revolutionary revisionists, set himself up against the bourgeois and revisionist literature and art, but out- Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao, and side the conference, together with Lin Mo-han, he was joined with the Rightists and counter-revolutionaries wheeling and dealing and advocating the showing of in a frantic attack on the Party and socialism. When films propagating capitallst and rer,,isionist poison. Chou Yang saw that his counter-revolutionary schemes The Fourth Enlarged Conference of the Committee could not be realized, he immediateiy costumed himself of the Department of Philosophy and Social Science for a new role as a "hero" in the struggles against Hu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences w-as held under Feng and the Rightists, shamelessly appropriated to the direct and clcse attention of the Party's Centrai. himself the meritorious sersices of others and put down Committee. Comrade Liu Shao-chi, Vice-Chairman of to his own "credit" the fruits of victory in these strug- the Central Committee of the Communist Party of gles, thereby amassing political capital. In the spring China, gave an important address to the representa- of 1957, anti-China and anti-communist black clouds tirres at the conference. Hc called on those engaged in were rolling up both at home and abroad, monsters q'ork on philosophy and the social sciences to study and demons of ail kinds lvere emerging one after an- I\4arxism-Leninism and Mao Tse-tung's thought, and other and Chou Yang then serwed as a busy vanguard clearly instructed that philosophy and the social in the ranks of the bourgeois Rightists. Making speeches sciences must take opposition to modern rer.isionism and fanning fires everywhere, he used the most as the key link. The sinister and crafty Chou Yang, on poisonous words to attack the Party's leadership and the one hand, plagiarized important instructions of the the dictatorship of the proletariat, distorted the Party's Central Committee of the Party and made an anti- policy of "letting a hundrcd flowers blossom and a revisionist report to the conference in order to reap hundred schools of thought contend," openly advocat- poiitical capital, and on the other hand, in the smaller ed the publication of "periodicals run by like-thinking meetings and outside the conference, he disseminated friends," fought for the freedom of speech of the coun- counter-revolutionary contraband rn,hich was antag- ter-revolutionaries and Rightists and for their leader- onistic to the spirit of the instructions of the Party's ship, and vainly hoped to stage a capitalist restoration. Central Committee; he openl;.' instigated academic Instigated by Chou Yang, many Rightists in literary circles to oppose fuIao Tse-tung's thought, to boycott and art circles went into immediate action and launch- the anti-revisionist struggle, and blabbered that it w-as ed frenzied attacks against the Party's Central Com- "not for everyone to go and oppose revisionism," mittee and Chairman Mao. Soon afterrvards, the peo- "everyone should keep to his proper place," and he p1e of the u,hole eountry, under the leadership of the spread such reactionary nonsense as "study is anii- Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao, revisionist," "archaeological studies are also a contribu- I I launched powerful counter-attacks against the Right- tion against revisionism," ''staging The Dru.nken Beauty, l ists. Seeing that the situation tvas unfavourable to too, complements the struggie against revisionist-t-t," aud him, Chou Yang, ever sailing with the wind, im- so on. Iron-clad facts prove that Chou Yang is a political.

August 12, 1966 JJ F"

thief, an anti-Party conspirator and a counter-revGlu- stage to make capital for themselves and to boost up

I tionaly revisionist. Chou Yang. They made use of every position and

I e\rery opportunity to ferociously demand that the "tra- Chou Yong Begon the Conspirotoriol Acti- dition of the '1930s,"' be inherited and to venomously vities oI o Politicol Speculotor os Eorly os the attack Mao Tse-tung's thinking on literature and art. 1930s, Consistently Pursued o Bourgeois Line in UEralure ond Art ond Thus Served os on Agent Chou Yong Brozenly Brought Out o Com- Ol the Bourgeoisie Within the Porty plete, Counter-Revolutionory Revisionist Pro- gromme for "A Literoture ond Art of the Whole Comrades attending the meeting cited facts show- People" ond in Every Woy Distorted the l-ine of ieg that Chou Yang had begun his intrigues as a politi- Literoture ond Art Serving the Workers, Peossnts ca! speculator as early as the 1930s. I{e not only con- 't,i' sistently pursued a bourgeois line in literature and art And Soldiers os Formuloted by Choirmon Moo ijll l and thus served as an agent of the bourgeoisie rvithin fse-hrng ,3 :;! the Party, but rvas also a falsifier of histor-v and a liar. Comrades point- attending the meeting indignantly :}il In the 1930s, he had been the first to raise the bour- ed out that Chou Yang had all along opposed Mao geois literary slogan of "a literature of national de- Tse-tung's thinking on literature and art and stubborn- .f: fence" in opposition to Lu Hsun's proletarian literary Iy refused to carry out Chairnran I\{ao's line on litera- i slogan of "a literatnre of the masses for the national ture and art. By 1962, rrhen class enemies in China revolutionary war." At the same time, organizationally and abroad came out frantically against China, Chou Chou Yang and company practised closed-doorism and Yang's opposition and resistance reached a frenzy. He sectarianism, attacked Lu Hsr-rn, the great standard- brazenly brought out a complete and systematic counter- bearer of the Left-wing literary and art movement, revolutionary revisionist proeramme for literature and and tried to split and undermi'ne this movement. Lu art, cooked up the "Ten Points for Literary and Art Ifsun waged a principled struggle against the bourgeois Work." and in an every u,ay distorted the line for litera- line in literature and art u,hich Chou Yang represent- ture and art which Chairman Mao Tse-tung had formu- ed, and against Chou Yang's slogan of "a literature 1ated, namely, that it must serve the workers, peasants of national defence." In the early forties Chair- and soldiers. Chou Yang talked twaddle about this line man ilIao had drarvn conclusions on this question being "out of date," and said that the "whole people," giving a high evaluation of Lu Esun's contribution to including the bourgeoisie, should be served by our litera- the nerr culture movement and critieizing the bour- ture and art. The comrades at the meeting pointed out geois line in literature and art which Chou Yang rep- that Chou Yang's slogan of "a literature and art of the resented. This bourgeois politicai careerist Chou Yang whole people" was in the same vein as the slogan of "a has ever since nursed a hatred against the struggle that literature of national defence" and the theory of "a iitera- Lu Hsun waged against him in the 1930s and the his- ture of the whole nation" rvhich he put fortvard in the torical conclusions which Chairman Mao drew concern- 1930s. It directly echoed Khrushchov's reactionary ing the literary and art movement of the 1930s. In slogans o{ "a state of the rvhole people" and "a party Chou Yang's vierv, he had to toppie Lu Hsun; he had of the entire people" and was a product of the politi- to drag down this revolutionary red ftag-Lu Hsrn; cal line of Khrushchov modern revisionism. Chou Yang he had to reverse the historical conclusions made by publicized the failacy of "a literature and art of the Chairman Mao on the literary and art movement of w,hole people" with the aim of transforming the rev- the 1930s, othenvise he could not erect his own com- olutionary literature and art of the proletariat into memorative tabiet and enter his name in the chronicles bourgeois, revisionist literature and art and thus pre- and could not keep that tight grip on the leadership paring people's minds for the restoration of capitalism. rvhich he held tilI today in literary and art circles. To Chairman Mao has taught us: "In the world today all this end, he tried in every possible way to tamper with culture, all literature and art belong to definite classes and turn upside dorvn the history of the literary and and are geared to definite political lines." In class art movement in the 1930s and took every opportunity society, every elass will create a literature and art serv- to slander Lu Hsun in order to reverse the correct judg- ing its own class interests. There is in faet no sueh ment passed on the bourgeois litelary and art line of thing as literature and art acceptable to all classes and the "1930s" v;hich Chou Yang himself represented. arousing an 'echo in all classes. Chou Yang's theory of "a literature and art of the whole people" is out-and- After the nationwide liberation, on various occa_ out revisionist stuff. sions, Chou Yang w,iidly boasted and bragged about the achievements of t.he "1930s" and did his utmost to Comra,des at the meeting brought to light how reverse the correct judgment passed on the slogan of Chou Yang deliberately distorted the Party's policy of "a iiterature of national defence." At Chou yang,s "letting a hundred flowers blossorn and a hundred instigation and u.ith his support an ill wind sprang up schools of thought contend," distorting this ex- ,,1g30s,', in literary and art circles for publicizing the tremely firm class policy as "free competition" and and many representatives of the iiterary and art black "free discussion." He did his utmost to boost the rerri- line of the "1930s" made a scramble back on to the sionist line formulated at the 20th Congress of the

.34 Peking Rerieu. No. 33 C.P.S.U. Riding the ili urind of Khmshchov's attack on tance to the socialist transformation of literature and Stalin and the so-called "personalty cult." Chou yang art. The Iong post-liberation domination of the theatr-e frantically carried out boulgeois liberalization, incited in our country by emperors and kings, generals and and supported the monstet's and demons to come out rninisters, scholars and beaurfies, and ancients and into the open en masse a.nd indulge in producing foreigners u,as the result of the fostering and propa- poisonous weeds and attacking the Party. gation of feudal, capitalist and rerzisionist literature and gang Those attending the rneeting cited the fact that Chou art by the sinister in literary and art circles headed . Yang peddted a contrabancl r-ange of reactionary bour- by Chou Yang. The ultirnate aim of Chou Yang's frenzied advocacy feudal, geois concepts of iiterature and art to shorv that he of capitalist and revi- sionist literature represcnled, in its nrost concenLlated form, bourgeois and art was to counteract and crowd out proletarian literature and unleash moirsters and revisionist ideas on literature and art, the so- art, all and demons and sorts poisoi-rous weeds grow ealled literature and art of the "1930s," and a1i sorts of let all of rampant order corrupt other reactiotrary ideas on liieratule and art. He de- in to the soul and sap the rvill power revolutionary peopie a liberately denied the class characier of man and of the and bring about restoration capitaiism. advccated the bourgeois theory of human nature; he of opposed the N{arxist-Leninist theory of know.ledge and Pursuing banged the drum 1'or the bourgeois idealist theory of ln His Counter-Revolutionsry, Re- visionist "thinking in terms of images;" he did his ut,most to Orgonizotionol Line, Chou Yong Tried in oppose Mao Tse-tung's th,tught as the guide line for Every Possible Woy to Recruit Deserters ond Enlist creative work in literature and art, aird talked non- Renegodes, to Form o Clique to Further Their sense about creative rvork in literature and art "starting Selfish lnterests ond to Exercise in Literory cnd from a thematic idea" being the rool cause that led to for- Art Circles o Dictotorship of the Blqck Line mularization and set concepts; he opposed the method Heoded by Chou Yong of creative writing of integrating revolutionary reali*sm Comrades attending the meeting angrily revealed and revolutionary romanticism proposed as by Chair- that, to ensure the smooth carrying out of his counter- rnan Mao, energetically prornoted and bourgeois revolutionary, revisionist line on literature and art, critical realism, the theor;r and of "truthful writing" Chou Yang made use of the leading post he usurped the exposure of the so-called "seamy socialist side" of as Deputy Director of the Propagancia Department of society; he did his utmost to oppose portrayal of the the Cer-rtral Committee of the Chinese Communist Party ideal worker, peasant and heroes rvidely soldier and to push a counter-rcvolutionaly, rerrisionist organiza- peddled .the theory of "middle ciraracters." He did tional line. B), a thousand and cllte \\-a)-s. l-re tlied to everything rvithin his porver to oppose rn'riters and recruit deseiters and enlist renL-gades. to foln: a clique artists portraying the greai era o{ Mao Tse-tung and to to serve their selfish inler-ests anci to rig up and oppose rn,riting on significant pretext themes. On the enlarge his sinister couEter-l€voiutionarv- revision- of opposing the theory of "subject matter as the de- ist gang. -Lfter tle founding of Ne*- China, Chou cisive factor," he advocated "full. freedorn'' for u'riiei's Iang worked actit-ely to gatlr€r together renegades, and artists in the choice of subject matter and enepba- traitor\ Rightists, reactionary sized creating rvor-ks t'hich he calied "harmless," counter-revolutionar-ies, bourgeois men of lettels, survivais of the past and other and to raise the level appreciation "piquant" "able of social scum. He appointed a great number of big- and taste." He u'as against literature and art serving of the black line in the literature and art of "the proletarian politics and pressed for the so-called theory '"vigs 1930s." such as Hsia Yen, Tien Han, Yang Han-sheng co-ordination," in order fundamentally to of "indirect and Shao Chuan-hn, installing these old anti-Party change the subordinate position that literature and art hands in leading posts in the Ministry of Culture and must occupy relation polities. He frantically op- in to various departments in iiterary and art circles to carry posed the principle put forward by Chairman NIao Tse- out a dictatorship of the black line headed by Chou tung that in literary and criticism poiltical art the Yang. Using the despicable means of concealing facts criterion should be put first and the artistic critefion fron-r his s-.rpeliors and bull;'ing his subordinates and second, and raved that artistic quaiitXr the de- "plays usurping the name of the Propaganda Department of cisive role" and u4ren a high artistic levei is "only the Central Cornmittee of the Chinese Communist reached can politics come first." Comrades attending Partv, Chou Yang appointed Tien Han and Yang Han- meeting pointed out that these redctionary bour'- the sheng to the pcsts of secretaries of the Party grcups geois viervpoir-rts o{ literature and art advocated by leading respectively the Union of Chinese Stage Artists Chou Yang must be thoroughlS, criticized and, repuciiat- and the All-China Federation of Liter:ary and Art poisonous influence ed and thelr in literary ar-rd art Circles. Thus for: a decade and more these tr,vo organi- masses circles and among the n-rust be thoroughly zations grere under the diciatorship o{ these trryo sinis- eraCicated. Tien Han and Yang Han-sheng. Chou ter secretai'ies - Another crime cor,rmitte'd by Chou Yang against Yang not only protected such monsters and demcns Mao Tse-tung's thinking on literature and art was his politlcally, but aiso gave thern every consideration in energetic advocacy of the rr,,orship of rvhat is foreign work and showed great concern for their: r'vell-being. and the restoration'of what is ancient, and his resis- For instance, the extrernely notorious and reactionary I DC I Attgr.1,57 12, 1966 i I r

trai'ror Chou Tso-jen. the Rightists Ting Ling and justify his anti-Party rvords and deeds. B.esides, he did Chen Chi-hsia u-ere ai1 Chou Yang's proteges. While nothing to examine and criticize the anti-Party works. ser-ving a term to ren.rould hirnself through physical Chou Yang was consistently opposed to weedlng out Iabour, Kung Chueh, a baC element and Chou Yang's the old of feudalism and capitalism to let the socialist favourite student, wrote to Chou Yang, demanding his new emerge. Hypocritically he advocated the so-called release ahead of time. Chou Yang not only granted his "simultaneous triple development" of traditional plays, request, but installed him in a post as an editor in the n.el,", historical plays and plays on contemporary themes, P--asants' Library Publishing House so that this scoun- u,hich actually was to squeeze out plays on contem- drel. most rotten at heart, could try again to poison the porary themes by staging lraditional plays and historical working people. Such criminal evidence fully proves plays in a big way. In December 1963, Chairman Mao that Chou Yang is the representative of the elements pointed out in his instruction: In all forms of art- of the landlord class and the bourgeoisie, and degenerat- drama, ballads, music, the fine arts, the dance, ed elements. the einema, poetry and literature, etc., problems abounded; the people engaged in them were- numerous; On the one hand, Chou Yang tried to recruit de- and in many departments very little had been achieved serters and enlist renegades, form clique to serve to a so far in socialist transformation. The "dead" still interests usurp leadership their own selfish and to the dominated in many departments. Wasn't it absurd that in literary and art circles; on the other hand, he many Communists showed enthusiasm in advaneing peddled i'three the revisionist black stock of the feudal and capitalist art, but no zeal in promoting so- famous" principle famous writers, famous directors - cialist art, Chairman Mao added. Chou Yang not only and famous actors and the "three highs" policy - - did not examine the problems in literary and art circles high salaries, high royalties and high awards. and his own problems in accordance with Chairman He was an advocate of the "opening windows" pro- Nlao's instruction but, on the contrary, went to collect posal, calling on literary and art \^,'orkers to imitate so-called "new phenomena" in literary and art circles foreign capitalist and modern revisionist literature and to rvrite a report to the Central Committee of the art. That is how the areh criminal of this counter- Party and set himself up against the Party's Central revolutionary, revisionist clique tried by ever5- possible Committee and Chairman Mao. But, he had hardly means to corrupt our literarl- and art ranks in the vain finished writing his report on "new phenomena" \f,,hen attempt to groom Ern arrn]- of bourgeois literary and in June 1964, during the tectification movement within art forces to corrode our Partv and our people, so that the Atl-China Federation of Literary and .Art Circles our country s.ould change its eolour. and its affiliated associations, Chairman Mao again pointed out: In the past 15 years these associations and Chou Yong's Gong of Counter-Revolutionory most of their publications (a few said to be good) for Revisionist Diehords Stubbornly Resisted the the most part (this did not apply to every individual) Series of Extremely lmportont lnstructions on ond had not carried out the policies of the Party and had Severe Criticisms of Literory ond Art Work lssued acted as high and mighty bureaucrats, had not gone to By the Porty's Centrol Committee ond Choirmon the workers, peasants and soldiers and had not re- Moo, ond Frenziedly Undermined the Greot Pro- flected the socialist revolution and construction. In Ietoriqn Culturol Revolution recent years, they had even slid to the verge of re- visionism. If serious steps were not taken to remould In recent years, the Central Committee of the Party them, they were bound at some future date to become issued and Chairman Mao a series of extremely im- groups like the Hungarian Petofi Club. portant instructions on and severe criticisms of literary and art work. But Chou Yang all along refused to put This great instruction of Chairman Mao's hit Chou them into practice or examine the mistakes; he Yang and his gang squarely in a sore spot. However, instituted a strict blockade and did not transmit them Chou Yang and his gang of counter*revolutionary re- to people at the lower levels. Instead, he stubbornl;r visionist diehards, cornered as they were, continued to persisted in pushing through his counter-revolutionary, put up a stiff resistance. An evidence of their crime of revisionist black line on literature and art and prepar- resisting the Party's Central Committee and Chairman ing people's mind for a bourgeois restoration.' In Mao and opposing the cultural revolution was their 1962, et the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Cen- intrigue in concocting a sham rectification movement tral Committee of the Party, Chairnran Mao issued the in literary and art circles. great call: "Never Forget the Class Struggle!" and he In this so-called "rectification movement" Chou also gave important instructions on literary and art Yang in general forbade open criticism of the sinister work, pointing out that some people were rnaking use gang in literary and art circles which was opposed to of the writing of, novels to carry on anti-Party activities the Party, opposed to socialism and opposed to Mao and were creating a public opinion for the restoration Ts'e-tung's thought. As for those ferv members of the of capitalism. Chou Yang u,'as the advertiser and sup- sinister gang like Tien l{an, Hsia Yen and Shao Chuan- porter of these anti-Party novels. After the Tenth lin for whom open criticism was inevitable, he ptayed Plenary Session of the Eighth Centra,i Committee of a series of tricks of sham criticism but actual defence. the Party, Chou Yang did his utmost to r,vh.ilewash and He also worked out all sorts of taboos for this open

36 Peking Reuieu, No. 3.3 criticism in order to restrain the revolutionary masses and to break through, rvith boundless enthusiasm and from thoroughly exposing and criticizing this gang of firm determination. This resulted in an unprecedented, anti-Party monsters and demons. great leap forward in China's socialist cause. It was just ai that junctule, in co-ordrnation with the anti- Comrades attending the meeting dencunced rvith Chlna chorus of the imperialists. modern revisionists deep indignation the crimes of Chou Yang in undermin- and the reactionaries of various countries, and the ing the great proletarian culturai revolution. After the frantic counter-attack of the }andlords, rich peasants, Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao issued couttter-revolutionaries, bad elen-rents and Rightists at the important instruction concer-ning the criticism of home. that Chou Yang shot one poisonous arrow after' Hai Jui Distrtissed From Oflice, Chou Yang, who per- another at the Party. He uttered the nonserrse that sonally engineered and pr€par-ed Hai Jui Sends in a tire corlectness of the general line "has not -vet been Memarial to the Throne. tried by every conceivable pi'oved"; he spread slanderous rumouls that "the 'a1i- means to resist and block this instruction of the Palt-v's rouud leap foi-ward' in 1958 has caused a disproportion Central Committee and Chairman Mao. What rvas more, in the economy," and so on. At the Talien forum on he even blatantly sponsored the lvriting of an article cleative work held in 1962, Chou Yang vocifet'ous1y under the name of Fang Chiu in which he resorted to advocated the restoration of individual econcmv, the vicious tactics of using eclecticism to covel up the spreadingl around the nonsense that "production will anti-Party essence of Hai Jui Dism.issed From O{fice certainly be raised once the fixing of output quotas is in an attempt to limit this political struggle to 'the based on the household." Spleading poiscn unscru- pttlously sphere of "purely acaden-iic" discussion. Comrades at- like this, Chou Yang still complained of "not er-icugh freedom," "lack democr-acy." Going tending the meeting unanimously pointed out: Chou and of further. he aimed his spearhead of attack at the Party's Yang w-as frantic in his resistance to the instructions Ieadership and the proletarian dictatorship. He said: of the Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao "In ancient times, there were the royal rvay and the and he tried a hundred and one rvavs to undermine the tyrant's u,ay. If socialism does not give democlacy, great cultural revolution, but all his attempts were vain then it is the tyrant's way." Comrades attending the and futile. Armed with l\Iao Tse-tung's thought, the meeting pointed out that, as taught by Chairman Mao, broad nrasses of workers, peasants, soldiers and rev- of in legard to the reactionary representatives of the bour- olutionary cadres and revolutionary cultural and art geoisie like Chou Yang and company, we must enforce rvorkers are, with the force of an avalanche, sweeping our dictatorship over them, use the "tyrant's way," away all monsters and demons. Now that the reac- permitting them only to behave themselves and not to tionary face of Chou Yang has been thoroughly ex- be unruly word or deed. .posed to the light of day, it is necessary to smash up fn completely the throne hail of this lord of hell, to over- The meeting's participants expr'essed extremeiy throw this living lord of hell, defeat him and make deep anger against Chou Yang rvho had viciousl;' attack- his, name stink to high heaven, so that he can no ed onr great leader Chairman Mao and frenziedly longer spread poison everywhere and harm the people. siandered and defamed the great thought" of l\{ao Tse- tung. In order to detract from the high esteem in ln Co-ordinotion With the Anti-Chino Chorus n-hich Mao Tse-tung's thought is held by the revolu- Of lmperiolists, Modern Revisionists ond the tionary people. Chou Yang by hook or by crook dis- Reoctionories of Vorious Countries, ond the torted the theories of Chairman Mao which are theories Frontic Counter-Attqck b, the Londlords, Rich of genius, and at the same time. like a mad dog bark- sun, vainly attempted to depreciate Chair-- Peosonts, Counter-Rerolutionories, Bod Elements ing at the man Mao's great development of Marxism-Leninism. And Rightists ot Home, Chou Yong Unbridledly When revclutionary literary and art \&'ol'kers, fi11ed with Opposed the Generol Line, Leop the Greot revclutionary enthusiasm, eulogized the great leader Forword ond the People's Communes, Opposed Chairn-ian Mao and the glc'at thought of Mao Tse-tung, The Porty's Leodership ond the Proletorion this ringleader of the black iine in literature and art Dictotorship al'ways sprang up in his lage to suppress or obstruct : them. The studying of Chairman Mao's works by the Hosts of facts brought foru'ard at the n-reeting to masses of workers, peasants and soldiers has also been denounce Chou Yang shou-ed that he, the ringleader of venorncusly attacked by Chou Yang. He even employed the black line in literature and a.rt, utterly frenzied.ly methods similar to Khrushchov's; after tampering u'ith opposed the general line for building socialism, the great the histoly of the cultural n-rorren-rent in the 1930s, he leap forward and the people's comnlunes, and the also vainly attempted to tamper r.vith the whole his- Party's leadership and China's sociaiist system. torv of the Party. In arranging exl-ribits describiirg Beginning from 1958, the Chinese people, inspired Chinese revolutionary history and in compiling and by the general line for building socialism put fbru,ard writing textbooks, l-re opposed the givii-rg of prominence by the Party's Central Committee and Chairman Mao, to Mao Tse-tung's thought, and the presenta- has become a people daring to think, to speak, to act tion, in accordance with historical truth, of the con-

August 12, 1966 37 sistently corlect, brrlliant, and outstanding leading roie company hated and abused it. The meeting's partic- played by Chairman Mao. ipants unanimously pledged that they must hold high Comrades attending the meeting said, Chairman the great red banner of Mao Tse-tung's thought, and, peasant Mao is the red su-o in the hearto of the Chinese peo- together with the vvorker, and soldier masses, great ple and the revolutionary people throughout the world, carry the proletarian cultural revolution through to the end, thoroughly smash the sinister gang headed and llao Tse-tung's thought is llIarxism-Leninism in the by Chou Yang which opposed the Party, opposed so- imperialism complete era ia shich is approaehhrg cialisrn and opposed Mao Tse-tung's thought, and crUapsc and socialism is advancing to rzictory all over thoroughly repudiate and completely eradicate the the rorld. The brillianoe of &Iao Tse-tung's thought counter-revolutionary revisionist black line in literature c+uid not be dimmed no matter how Chou Yang and and art represented by Chou Yang.

ivtoo Tse-tung's Thought ls o Compsss for All People Aspiring to Chonge the World

Y.G. Wilcox greets the 45th onniversory of the founding of the Communist Porty of Chino

\ I f-t WILCOX, General Secretary of the Com- The statement noted: "Just as the Communist Y .\-7. munist Party of Nerv Zealand, in a statement Party of China stands in the forefront of the struggle is:ued on August 2 on behalf of the Party's National Sec- against imperialism, so, too, it stands in the forefront retariat, said: "The Communist Party of China has set of the struggle to unite the world comrnunist move- the world a great example in the creative application of ment on the basis of Marxism-Leninism. llarxism-Leninism to the conditions in one's own coun- has performed a try. Its Central Cornmittee, headed by the greatest "The Communist Party of China the international work- Illarxist-Leninist of our day, Comrade Mao Tse-tung, service of incalculable value to peoples in heading the has brilliantly integrated the universal truths of ing class and the revolutionary attempts Khrushchov and his Marxism-Leninisrn w,ith the concrete practice of the struggle against the by Chinese revolution." revisionist followers to emasculate Marxism-Leninism of its revolutionary content." It said: "The Communist This statement issued to greet the 45th anniversary Party of China has pla;'ec the leading role in expos- of the founding of the Communist Party of China ing their [the leadership of the Communist Party of ihe pointed out: "China stands todal' as the gleat bastion Soviet Lrnion] betrayals and rallying the genuine revolu- of the world's peoples against the sa\rager:v of tionaries in the communist movement to the defence U.S. imperialism, the common enemy of all mankind. of the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism." LInder the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China has never wavered in its determination to up- It pointed out: "The steadfastness of the Com- hold the interests of the tciiing p.eople of the '"vorld in munist Party of China in applying and upholding the the face of U.S. nuclear threats and constant war basic principles of communism, in defending proletariair pt ovocations inter:nat.ionalistn and Nlarxist-Leninist ideoiogy, is in great rn€asure due to the outstanding leadership and "Th,e peoples of the colonial and dependent coun- a genius Mao Tse-tr"rng." tries v,'ho are rn,aging national-liberation struggies creative of Comrade against imp,eriaiist oppression drau' strength from the Vr'armiy praising Mao Tse-tung's thought, the knov,uledg,e that China champions their cause and that statement said: "In his theorctical works, Cotnrade the Chin,ese p.eopie and Party stand shoulder to Htao Tse-tung has creatively enriched the teachings of shoulder w'ith them in the struggle. of past lllarx, En- the great Nlarxist-Leninists the - "Above ail. this is true of the embattled people of gels, Lenin and Stalin. Comrade Mao's lvorks brilliantly Vietnam, who are heroically resisting the armed might cornbirre the scientific approach of Marxism-Leninism of the U.S. aggresscrs, and who know with cer- witlr unquenchable revolutionary spirit. Expressing tainty that China will stand by them, come what may." the thought of a great revolutionary, they are a com-

38 Pel;ing Reuieu. No. 33 pass for the guidance and inspiration of all people Only by carrying through the class struggle to the end aspiring to change the world. as a necessary task of the socialist revoiution can bour'- geois ideoJ.ogy be eiiminated. "The thought of Mao Tse-tung, which has guided the Communist Farty of China from success to suc- "Recognition of this necessit5,. pointed out by Cor.n- cess in the most difficult and complex of circumstances, rade Mao and the Communist Party of China, arn-rs is the embodiment of Marxism-Leninism in the present the '"1'orking. class and all revolutionalies againsi tl:e dangers of ideological degeneration Par'- era of imperialism .in decline and the transition to in Communist ties of socialist countries, thereb;v guards against socialism on a world scale." and the possibility of a 'peaceful transition' frorn socialism The statement said that it rvas Comrade Mao Tse- back to capitalism, such as is now taking piace in the tung and the Communist Party of China who first U.S.S.R. and some other socialist countries under showed, on the basis of a profound analysis of the revisionist leadership.'' The statement hailed the great developing world situation, that the storm c€ntres of cultural revolution norv proceeding in China, seeing in revolution had shifted from Europe and the West to it an earnest of the Chinese people's determination Asia, Africa and Latin America. "This correct view- never to permit the restoration of capitalism. point, which emphasizes the need for the working class It said: "Thb leadership and the theoretical lvork of the West to unite rvith and support the struggle of of Comrade Mao has been of decisir.e importance in the oppressed peoples, points the way forrvard both for making the science of Malxism-Leninism the daily the national-jiberation movement and for the r,vorking guide and working tool of tens of millions to a degree class of the developed capitalist countries, incl,"rding never before knou,n. As a result, Marxist-Leninist Nerv Zealand." thc'ory has become a mighty material force for the further rapid economic and cultural development of Of tremendous importance is Comrade Mao's con- China. At the same time, a great new impetus has been tribution necessity showing the of carrying through given to making Marxism-Leninism a mass question the socialist revolution to the end in the field of cul- among the toiling people internationally. ture and ideology, the statement continued. "Our Party is confident that the Con-rmunist Palty "The experience of the world communist move- of China will continue the glorious traditions estab- ment is that the process of eliminating bourgeois Ii,shed over 45 years of fighting history and advance "vill ideology from its entrenched positions is a much more stilt further the cause of rvorld socialism," the statement protracted one than the actual political revolution. concluded.

THE }YEEK about when the L'ldonesian Govern- further tr-uth{ul ciar-ges abc.ui these ment refers to so+.lled aonsultation crimes. and r:ising proper and after the open occupation of the reasonable demands. Others-ise. the (Continued Jrom p- 5.) buildings by forc.e? It is perfectly Indonesian Government asserts, "the The note repudiates the Indonesian just and natural that house-break- Government of the People's Re- Government's assertion that the for- ing bandits should be punished and public of China must be held fully' cible occupation of the premises of the seized premises and looted pro- responsible for all the consequences the Chinese missions is "purely in- perty should be returned. What is arising therefrom in society." The tended to protect the buildings of more, matters concerning the viola- note adds: "These threats can cow the Chinese missions from suffering tion of diplomatic privileges and the no one. But we will condemn you greater damage" and ihat "the build- principles guiding intelnational rela- as far as )iou go in your u'rong- ings of the Chinese diplomatic mis- of no bargaining what- doing." sions will be speedily returned ::..t":ornt, The note concludes: The Chinese when circumstances fully permit." The note points out that the Government once again demands The Indonesian Government even Indonesian Government has even that the Indonesian Government preposterously proposes that these raised serious obstacles over rnatters must, in accordance with the rea- questions be settled the basis of demands contained in the "on on which consultation should be held. sonable consultation and spirit con- former's notes of April 22 and in a of In the past t$ro months, high-rank- two sultation." Could it be called pro- 24, immediately return the office ing officials oi the Indonesian Min- J tection of the Chinese diplomatic premises and livlng quatters of the istry of Foreign Affairs have gone missions when their property was Chinese missions u'hich have been so far as to refuse to receive the destroyed, their premises occupied, illegally and forcibly occupied, im- Chinese diplomatie representative and the care-takers of the premises mediately compensate for ail losses, by creating all kinds of pretexts. rn'ere beaten up and dfiven out? Is and guarantee agaillst the recurrence it not a deliberate delay to put off The note points out that the In- of similar incidents. Otherwise, the the return of the forcibly occupied donesian Governrnent has also re- Indonesian Government must be buildings until circumstances fully sorted to threatening tactics in order held responsible for all the con- permit? What is there to consult to compel China to stop making sequences arising therefrom.

Artgust 12, 1966 3rr '6)' t-

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