Name: ______Date: ______

Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries Unit Review Study Guide

Part 1: Select the correct word from the box and write your answer in the blank provided.

coal mining urban desegregation rural integration

computer technology technological developments The federal jobs

1. The full equality of all races in the use of public facilities is called integration_.

2. ’s government generated a policy of Massive Resistance which fought to

resist the integration of schools.

3. Technological advances in transportation, roads, railroads, and streetcars helped cities

grow.

4. During the 20th century, has experienced growth due to the increases in the

number of federal Jobs located in the region.

5. Desegregation is the abolishment, or ending of racial segregation.

6. In the late 20th century and early 21st century, Northern Virginia and the Coastal Plain (Tidewater)

region have grown due to computer technology.

7. Many people moved from country land, or rural areas to urban areas,

or cities, for economic opportunities.

8. Coal mining encouraged the growth of Virginia towns and cities as people

moved from the countryside to find jobs.

9. A period of economic hardship worldwide during the 1930s was known as The Great Depression

Part 2: Name the famous Virginian who is described and answer the questions

Maggie L. Walker L. Douglas Wilder A. , Jr.

 first African American  First African American to  Promoted racial equality woman to establish a be elected state  Appointed more African bank in the U. S. Americans and women to positions in state  African American government woman who supported equal rights for women.

A. L. Douglas Wider

I am an African B. A. Lindwood Holton Jr. American woman who would like a C. Harry F. Byrd job in state government. D. Which Virginian governor is most likely to hire me? Part 2: Name the famous Virginian who is described.

Arthur R. Ashe, Jr Harry F. Byrd, Sr. Oliver W. Hill, Sr. Barbara Johns

 First African  Known for “Pay  Played a key role  High school American winner as You Go” and as a lawyer in student who led of a men’s tennis modernizing “Brown VS Board a strike against championship Virginia’s state of Education” segregation  Wrote a book government about  Led the Massive  Worked for equal discrimination in Resistance rights for African sports movement to Americans  A spokesperson block the for social change integration of Virginia schools.

Color the names of the Virginians who helped achieve equality during the Civil Rights Movement.

Jim Crow James Lafayette

Barbara

Johns

Part 3: Read each question and write the correct answer on the lines provided.

1. Why did Virginia’s agriculture change during the early 20th century? Old systems of farming no longer worked.

2. Virginia’s government did not like the idea of integration so they generated this policy which

fought to resist the integration of schools. What was the name of this policy?

Massive Resistance

3. This decision made from this court case forced all public schools in Virginia, and across the

country, to desegregate. What was the name of this court case?

Brown vs. Board of Education

4. In 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that these types of public schools were unconstitutional.

What type of public schools were they?

Separate but equal

5. Who led a Massive Resistance movement against the desegregation of public schools?

Harry F. Byrd, Sr.

6. Why is Virginia’s transportation system important?

Virginia’s transportation system moves people and products as people migrate.

7. What Virginia transportation systems are used to transport products?

Highways, railroads, and air transport (airplanes)

8. What products does Virginia’s transportation system export?

Tobacco, poultry, ships, coal

9. Besides the transportation system, what other industries help make Virginia grow

economically? Technology, communications, tourism

10. What industry makes up a major part of Virginia’s economy? Tourism

11. How is Virginia’s economy impacted by the federal government? Federal workers pay taxes and buy homes, which makes the economy grow

12. What was the name of the program that provided employment and eased hardships during the

Great Depression? The New Deal

13. This case that resulted from the protest of Barbara Johns, was of the five cases reviewed by the U.S.

Supreme Court when it declared segregation unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education.

Davis vs. Prince Edward

Part 4: Complete the graphic organizer below.

Part 5: List the products and industries that belong in each category

Virginia and Washington DC Exporting Products Past & Present 1.banking & lending 1. tobacco 2.computer programming or system designs 2. poultry

Service Industry

3.architectural or 3. coal

1. Hospitals

Engineering services 4. large ships

2. Public Schools 4.communications& Coal used to be a major

3. Military Bases

Other technology services industry in Virginia.

4. Private Health Care Railroads were used to move

it around the state.

Because VA is Near Water

1. shipbuilding Agriculture

2. fishing Livestock Cash Crops Chickens Soybeans 3. crabbing Cows Corn 4. oyster harvesting

Milk Tobacco

Turkeys Tomatoes

hogs Apples

peanuts

Tourism Manufactured Products

1. Waterways: Virginia Beach, Chesapeake Bay, 1. ships Virginia Rivers 2. beverages 2. Natural Wonders: Blue Ridge Mountains, Natural

Bridge 3. car parts 3. Historical Locations: Monticello, Jamestown, 4. chemical goods Williamsburg 5. food products 4. Parks: Busch Gardens, Kings Dominion

6. tobacco products

Part 5:

Mika is making a list of Virginia exports, circle the products that she CAN include in her list.

Illustrate or write the effect that matches the cause Cause Effect

The 19th Women got the Amendment was right to vote signed