DOCSLIB.ORG

Stories of the Tides

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stories of the Tides Stories of the Tides Often times, field guides are great for identifying unknown intertidal plants and animals. However, interesting stories about these organisms are left out. The following compilation of information comes from stories shared verbally and in written text. These stories are great to tell during guided inquiry and even in the classroom before a fieldtrip to the tidepools. Knowing the information or having it handy to share with students will make the tidepools come alive. Phylum Porifera - filter feeding colonies Sponges Sponges may look like simple plants, but many are surprised to find out that they are animals. They are relatively simple, but can grow in all shapes and sizes depending on where they live. Sponges growing in calm water tend to have more tube and volcano like structures. In the intertidal however they will often grow very flat due to high surf action. Sponges use many tiny holes called ostia to suck in seawater and shoot it out larger volcano openings called oscula. While the water is within the sponge it filters out all of the tiny organic particles, like bacteria, to feed and other nutrients needed for growth. That would be like humans surviving off of air alone! Phylum Cnidaria - animals with stinging cells called nematocysts. These nematocysts work like high-powered barbs at the end of coiled ropes that shoot off when touched. These allow the animal to take hold of its food or defend itself. Nematocysts found in the intertidal will most likely not hurt you. Feel free to touch anemones, but it would be wise not to taste them. Giant green anemones – Anthropleura xanthogrammica There are many varieties of anemones in the tidepools, and while they all have special characteristics that separate them by species, they share some really cool characteristics that make them similar. Most anemones found in the intertidal are green. One may ask why? Green anemones actually have tiny plants that live in their tentacles and columns. The algae plants have chlorophyll pigments that cause the anemone to turn green. The relationship between the anemone and algae is symbiotic, which means that both organisms benefit. Animals, even aquatic ones, require oxygen to breath. Respiration turns this oxygen into carbon dioxide, which the algae then take up and use for photosynthesis, which gives off oxygen as a waste. By hosting the algae within, the anemone has easy access to the precious oxygen. In addition to providing readily available carbon dioxide, the anemone’s body makes it a great home with built in stinging cell protection. If you search the underside of rocks or shady cracks you might be able to find white anemones. These are animals without algae in their bodies. It is not unhealthy; it just does not rely on symbiosis to get any of its oxygen. Cloning anemones/aggregate anemones - Anthopleura elegantissima When these anemones find themselves living alone on a bare rock, they will clone in order to reproduce. The anemone will pull itself apart for about two days until it rips in half. It will continue this process of cloning until it runs out of room. If it runs into another group of aggregate anemones that have been busy cloning as well, war will erupt between the two colonies. The anemones along the battle line will produce what are often called “war clubs,” tentacles that swell up on the ends with nematocysts. These two colonies will fight back and forth until there is a space between them with no anemones inhabiting it. This is why you can see dividing lines between all of the groups of aggregate anemones on the rocks during low tide. Often times these anemones cover themselves with small rocks; these rocks are used in a similar way to sun block, protecting them from the sun and helping them retain water at low tide. Brooding anemones – Epiactis prolifera Brooding anemones come in different hues of colors including bright red. Their bodies are flattened at the base with radialy arranged lines. Unlike the giant green and aggregating anemones, this animal relies on motherly tactics to raise their young. The anemone’s larvae swim out of their mom and position themselves along the flattened base. They stay there until they grow into tiny anemones and are ready to leave the home base. When you flip over a rock look for smaller anemones nearby the mother anemone. Phylum Mollusca – animals with a belly-foot Black turban snail – Tegula funebralis Looking for snails in the tidepools can sometimes be tricky. Don’t be surprised if you pick one up and it’s actually a crab! Hermit crabs are notorious for using black turban snails’ old shell as their home. Snails are part of the “belly-foot” family, meaning that they eat, move, and stick to rocks with their strong, fleshy body. Most snails are vegetarians and feed on algae or seaweed. The white circle on the top of the shells is actually the oldest part of the snail. It can live to be more than 20 years old, which is when it is no longer black on top. Sometimes you will see coralline algae, limpets or smaller snails on the backs of black turban snails as well. Purple olive snail – Olivella biplicata Just like the black turban snail shells, purple olive snail shells in the intertidal are often found with hermit crabs within them. Purple olive snails live in sandy beaches about an inch or so underneath the sand. If a sandy beach is nearby the tidepools you will likely see a hermit crab making one of these beautiful shells into their home. Miwok Indian tribes of the northern California coast and Chumash Indian tribes of southern California’s channel islands used these beautiful shells as money for trade and decorations on clothing and jewelry. Imagine begin able to go out and collect dollar bills on the beach! If you look closely on the shell you will see very fine lines showing the pattern of growth. The oldest part of the snail is at the very top of the spiral. The snail puts on tiny layers each year as it grows more and more. Sometimes people ask how old many of the creatures of the tide pools are. This is a rather difficult question to answer, but we can get some sense by looking at the number of lines on the purple olive snail. Some snails you pick up will have varying patterns. Some of the lines are very straight while others are very jagged. The jagged lines may indicate a rough point in the snail’s life where maybe they were attacked or lived through a rough winter. The smooth lines indicate an easy year for the snail. By reading the lines we get a story of this snails long-lived life experiences. Chitons Chitons have remained virtually unchanged for over 500 million years! There’s one thing that you must remember in the search for chitons: “eight plates are great!” Just like terrestrial pill bugs, chitons have hard plates that protect their body’s “belly-foot” and let them conform to uneven surfaces. A chiton can be motionless and uninteresting to the untrained eye, but if you manage to find one that lets loose from the rock, you’ll discover something interesting and familiar. When removed from the rock, chitons will curl into a crescent moon shape in order to protect the soft foot inside. The Katy chiton is often found exposed during the day, feeding on algae while most chitons are found in crevices and under rocks. Other chitons may remain in the same place for a long time while Katy chitons graze during the day. The gumboot chiton is especially interesting. Unlike smaller species found in the intertidal, the gumboot can be easily dislodged and examined. In the gill chamber beside the belly foot of the gumboot is a small white parasitic worm that has found a safe home. Nudibranchs Keep your eye out for these small creatures. Often overlooked, over one hundred and seventy nudibranchs can be found along Pacific Northwest shores. They are essentially snails with out shells, but often much more colorful than our common garden slugs. They come in a variety of colors including lemon yellow, bright red, orange and even purple! Many nudibranchs are often missed though because they can be translucent in color making them nearly invisible. The name nudibranch actually means “naked gills”. Some species use finger like cerata on their backs for breathing and digesting food! The cerata can also be used for defense. Many nudibranchs feed on the tentacles of sea anemones to steal their nematocysts. Because they have special mucus to protect them, they are not harmed by the harpoon-like stinging cells. The nudibranchs simply gobble them up and sort the stinging cells for all of the cerata. The nudibranchs are then armed with the weapons of their prey! Other nudibranchs lacking cerata have gill plumes located on their lower end. Like every little brother or sister nudibranchs are picky eaters and feed almost exclusively on colorful sponges. Limpets It’s impossible to find two limpets that look identical. Their variety in colors and patterns make searching for them an adventure with something new under each rock. Limpets rely on their powerful suction power to protect them from predators and pounding waves. In fact pounding waves only allow the limpet to hold tighter onto a rock. These simple creatures also have the ability to sense when an enemy, usually a sea star, is around. When the situation arises, they can glide away with their shell hiked up like a big southern bell skirt.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GASTROPOD CARE SOP# = Moll3 PURPOSE: to Describe Methods Of
    GASTROPOD CARE SOP# = Moll3 PURPOSE: To describe methods of care for gastropods. POLICY: To provide optimum care for all animals. RESPONSIBILITY: Collector and user of the animals. If these are not the same person, the user takes over responsibility of the animals as soon as the animals have arrived on station. IDENTIFICATION: Common Name Scientific Name Identifying Characteristics Blue topsnail Calliostoma - Whorls are sculptured spirally with alternating ligatum light ridges and pinkish-brown furrows - Height reaches a little more than 2cm and is a bit greater than the width -There is no opening in the base of the shell near its center (umbilicus) Purple-ringed Calliostoma - Alternating whorls of orange and fluorescent topsnail annulatum purple make for spectacular colouration - The apex is sharply pointed - The foot is bright orange - They are often found amongst hydroids which are one of their food sources - These snails are up to 4cm across Leafy Ceratostoma - Spiral ridges on shell hornmouth foliatum - Three lengthwise frills - Frills vary, but are generally discontinuous and look unfinished - They reach a length of about 8cm Rough keyhole Diodora aspera - Likely to be found in the intertidal region limpet - Have a single apical aperture to allow water to exit - Reach a length of about 5 cm Limpet Lottia sp - This genus covers quite a few species of limpets, at least 4 of them are commonly found near BMSC - Different Lottia species vary greatly in appearance - See Eugene N. Kozloff’s book, “Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast” for in depth descriptions of individual species Limpet Tectura sp. - This genus covers quite a few species of limpets, at least 6 of them are commonly found near BMSC - Different Tectura species vary greatly in appearance - See Eugene N.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biology of Seashores - Image Bank Guide All Images and Text ©2006 Biomedia ASSOCIATES
    The Biology of Seashores - Image Bank Guide All Images And Text ©2006 BioMEDIA ASSOCIATES Shore Types Low tide, sandy beach, clam diggers. Knowing the Low tide, rocky shore, sandstone shelves ,The time and extent of low tides is important for people amount of beach exposed at low tide depends both on who collect intertidal organisms for food. the level the tide will reach, and on the gradient of the beach. Low tide, Salt Point, CA, mixed sandstone and hard Low tide, granite boulders, The geology of intertidal rock boulders. A rocky beach at low tide. Rocks in the areas varies widely. Here, vertical faces of exposure background are about 15 ft. (4 meters) high. are mixed with gentle slopes, providing much variation in rocky intertidal habitat. Split frame, showing low tide and high tide from same view, Salt Point, California. Identical views Low tide, muddy bay, Bodega Bay, California. of a rocky intertidal area at a moderate low tide (left) Bays protected from winds, currents, and waves tend and moderate high tide (right). Tidal variation between to be shallow and muddy as sediments from rivers these two times was about 9 feet (2.7 m). accumulate in the basin. The receding tide leaves mudflats. High tide, Salt Point, mixed sandstone and hard rock boulders. Same beach as previous two slides, Low tide, muddy bay. In some bays, low tides expose note the absence of exposed algae on the rocks. vast areas of mudflats. The sea may recede several kilometers from the shoreline of high tide Tides Low tide, sandy beach.
    [Show full text]
  • Restoration Monitoring Final
    SCIENCE FOR SOLUTIONS NOAA COASTAL OCEAN PROGRAM Decision Analysis Series No. 23, Volume 1 SCIENCE-BASED RESTORATION MONITORING OF COASTAL HABITATS Volume One: A Framework for Monitoring Plans Under the Estuaries and Clean Waters Act of 2000 (Public Law 160-457) Gordon W. Thayer Amy D. Nickens Teresa A. McTigue Stephen J. Lozano Russell J. Bellmer Perry F. Gayaldo Felicity M. Burrows Pamela J. Polmateer David H. Merkey P. Thomas Pinit OCTOBER 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE NATIONAL CENTERS FOR COASTAL OCEAN SCIENCE CENTER FOR SPONSORED COASTAL OCEAN RESEARCH DECISION ANALYSIS SERIES The Decision Analysis Series has been established by NOAA’s Coastal Ocean Program (COP) to present documents that contain analytical treatments of major issues or topics for coastal resource decision makers. The issues, topics, and principal investigators have been selected through an extensive peer review process. To learn more about the COP or the Decision Analysis Series, please write: NOAA Coastal Ocean Program (N/SCI2) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research 1305 East West Highway, Room 8243 Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 phone: 301-713-3338 fax: 301-713-4044 web: www.cop.noaa.gov Cover photo. A coastal wetland complex on the Lake Ontario shoreline. Photo courtesy of Doug Wilcox, United States Geological Survey. Science for Solutions NOAA COASTAL OCEAN PROGRAM Decision Analysis Series No. 23, Volume 1 SCIENCE-BASED RESTORATION MONITORING OF COASTAL HABITATS Volume One: A Framework for Monitoring Plans Under the Estuaries and Clean Waters Act of 2000 (Public Law 160-457) Gordon W. Thayer Teresa A.
    [Show full text]
  • Siliqua Patula Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta Order: Veneroida the Flat Razor Clam Family: Pharidae
    Phylum: Mollusca Siliqua patula Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta Order: Veneroida The flat razor clam Family: Pharidae Taxonomy: The familial designation of this (see Plate 397G, Coan and Valentich-Scott species has changed frequently over time. 2007). Previously in the Solenidae, current intertidal Body: (see Plate 29 Ricketts and Calvin guides include S. patula in the Pharidae (e.g., 1952; Fig 259 Kozloff 1993). Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007). The superfamily Solenacea includes infaunal soft Color: bottom dwelling bivalves and contains the two Interior: (see Fig 5, Pohlo 1963). families: Solenidae and Pharidae (= Exterior: Cultellidae, von Cosel 1993) (Remacha- Byssus: Trivino and Anadon 2006). In 1788, Dixon Gills: described S. patula from specimens collected Shell: The shell in S. patula is thin and with in Alaska (see Range) and Conrad described sharp (i.e., razor-like) edges and a thin profile the same species, under the name Solen (Fig. 4). Thin, long, fragile shell (Ricketts and nuttallii from specimens collected in the Calvin 1952), with gapes at both ends Columbia River in 1838 (Weymouth et al. (Haderlie and Abbott 1980). Shell smooth 1926). These names were later inside and out (Dixon 1789), elongate, rather synonymized, thus known synonyms for cylindrical and the length is about 2.5 times Siliqua patula include Solen nuttallii, the width. Solecurtus nuttallii. Occasionally, researchers Interior: Prominent internal vertical also indicate a subspecific epithet (e.g., rib extending from beak to margin (Haderlie Siliqua siliqua patula) or variations (e.g., and Abbott 1980). Siliqua patula var. nuttallii, based on rib Exterior: Both valves are similar and morphology, see Possible gape at both ends.
    [Show full text]
  • OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
    OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • An Invitation to Monitor Georgia's Coastal Wetlands
    An Invitation to Monitor Georgia’s Coastal Wetlands www.shellfish.uga.edu By Mary Sweeney-Reeves, Dr. Alan Power, & Ellie Covington First Printing 2003, Second Printing 2006, Copyright University of Georgia “This book was prepared by Mary Sweeney-Reeves, Dr. Alan Power, and Ellie Covington under an award from the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of OCRM and NOAA.” 2 Acknowledgements Funding for the development of the Coastal Georgia Adopt-A-Wetland Program was provided by a NOAA Coastal Incentive Grant, awarded under the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Coastal Zone Management Program (UGA Grant # 27 31 RE 337130). The Coastal Georgia Adopt-A-Wetland Program owes much of its success to the support, experience, and contributions of the following individuals: Dr. Randal Walker, Marie Scoggins, Dodie Thompson, Edith Schmidt, John Crawford, Dr. Mare Timmons, Marcy Mitchell, Pete Schlein, Sue Finkle, Jenny Makosky, Natasha Wampler, Molly Russell, Rebecca Green, and Jeanette Henderson (University of Georgia Marine Extension Service); Courtney Power (Chatham County Savannah Metropolitan Planning Commission); Dr. Joe Richardson (Savannah State University); Dr. Chandra Franklin (Savannah State University); Dr. Dionne Hoskins (NOAA); Dr. Charles Belin (Armstrong Atlantic University); Dr. Merryl Alber (University of Georgia); (Dr. Mac Rawson (Georgia Sea Grant College Program); Harold Harbert, Kim Morris-Zarneke, and Michele Droszcz (Georgia Adopt-A-Stream); Dorset Hurley and Aimee Gaddis (Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve); Dr. Charra Sweeney-Reeves (All About Pets); Captain Judy Helmey (Miss Judy Charters); Jan Mackinnon and Jill Huntington (Georgia Department of Natural Resources).
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Consequences of Food Chain Length in Kelp Forest Communities (Biogeography/Coevolution/Herbivory/Phlorotannins/Predation) PETER D
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 92, pp. 8145-8148, August 1995 Ecology Evolutionary consequences of food chain length in kelp forest communities (biogeography/coevolution/herbivory/phlorotannins/predation) PETER D. STEINBERG*, JAMES A. ESTEStt, AND FRANK C. WINTER§ *School of Biological Sciences, University of New South Wales, P.O. Box 1, Kensington, New South Wales, 2033, Australia; tNational Biological Service, A-316 Earth and Marine Sciences Building, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064; and §University of Auckland, Leigh Marine Laboratory, P.O. Box 349, Warkworth, New Zealand Communicated by Robert T. Paine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, May 12, 1995 ABSTRACT Kelp forests are strongly influenced by mac- consistently important structuring processes throughout the roinvertebrate grazing on fleshy macroalgae. In the North food web. Under these conditions, we would predict that Pacific Ocean, sea otter predation on macroinvertebrates top-level consumers are resource limited. Consequently, the substantially reduces the intensity of herbivory on macroal- next lower trophic level should be consumer limited, in turn gae. Temperate Australasia, in contrast, has no known pred- causing the level below that (if one exists) to again be resource ator of comparable influence. These ecological and biogeo- limited. Looking downward through the food web from this graphic patterns led us to predict that (i) the intensity of very generalized perspective, a pattern emerges of strongly herbivory should be greater in temperate Australasia than in interacting couplets of adjacent trophic levels. Given these the North Pacific Ocean; thus (ii) Australasian seaweeds have circumstances, the interactive coupling between plants and been under stronger selection to evolve chemical defenses and herbivores should be strong in even-numbered systems and (iii) Australasian herbivores have been more strongly selected weak in odd-numbered systems, a prediction recently substan- to tolerate these compounds.
    [Show full text]
  • Intertidal Narrative
    Warner Pacific College Boiler Bay Intertidal Trip - Dwight J. Kimberly This is a summary of things to look for on the field trip and a few suggestions to make the trip more enjoyable for you. Be careful where you step because the intertidal floor is the home of many animals. No animals will be collected without a permit. When close to the surf, watch the ocean at all times. Take your time climbing around the rocks. They are slick and a fall could break a bone or remove skin. Use the accompanying checklist to key the phyla that you have learned in the course The following discussion is based upon Ricketts and Calvin, Between the Pacific Tides. Three factors modify the intertidal marine fauna: 1) wave shock, 2) tidal exposure and 3) type of bottom. You will see an example of the protected rocky coast in which the shock of the waves is reduced by the influence of a long sloping shelf. Other possible modifications which produce the same result are offshore reefs, headlands, islands or large kelp beds. The bottom is typically rocky and affords a firm substrate for animal attachment to plants and animals. By turning over rocks you will uncover a myriad of animals, but at the same time expose them to the fatal effects of the sun. Therefore, replace the rocks as you found them to assure the survival of these animals. The zonation of the animal life as a result of the tides is apparent. Familiarize yourself with the zones and their characteristics. ZONE 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Tezula Funebralis Shell Height Variance in the Intertidal Zones
    Laci Uyesono Structural Comparison Adaptations of Marine Animals Tezula funebralis Shell height variance in the Intertidal zones Introduction The Pacific Coast of the United States is home to a great diversity of biota that populates both extremes, from the constantly battered rocks to the calm ocean floor. As a result of this diversity or because of this diversity there are distinct zones created by the physical, chemical, and biological constraints of the organisms. Tegula funebralis (T funebralis) commonly called the Black Turban shell is found in the low to high intertidal zones of rocky shores on or under rocks grazing on macroalgae. T funebralis can be purple to black in color with four whirls on top (usually worn down to a light color at the top), average 3cm in diameter, and can live up to 100 years (Sept 1999). T funebralis' density tends to be greater in the mid to high intertidal zone due to predation by octopus, Pisaster ochraceous, and crabs (Fawcett 1984). They also show a pattern of distribution where juveniles (those not of reproductive size —14mm) stay in the mid intertidal zone because it is midway between the physical stress of desiccation and the biological stress of predation (Fawcett 1984). Generally larger snails are able to withstand desiccation more then smaller snails, but larger Tegula have a greater advantage living lower in the intertidal even at the risk of predation. They are kept at moderate levels in this zone because Pisaster feeds on them and reduces their density, which then increases the food abundance for those who remain (Doering and Phillips 1983).
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Ecological Distribution of the Genus Tegula at Bodega Bay, California
    University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1950 Studies on the ecological distribution of the genus Tegula at Bodega Bay, California Allen Emmert Breed University of the Pacific Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Breed, Allen Emmert. (1950). Studies on the ecological distribution of the genus Tegula at Bodega Bay, California. University of the Pacific, Thesis. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/1115 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. &rUD! ES ON THE l!VOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE I' GENUS TEGULA AT BODEGA BAY , CALIFORNIA A Thesis Presented to t he Faculty of the Department of Zoology College of the Pacific I I I n Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Mas·ter of Arts by Al len Emmert Breed •II June 1950 l ) TABLE OF CO!'-."'TENrS PAGE I. IN'l'HODUC'l'ION ............................. ., • 1 The Pro bl ern ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 I mportanc e of the Study ••••••••••••••• 1 Stat ement of t he Problem •••••••••••••• 2 Acknowledgment • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 Description of t he Local Species •••••••• 3 II. AREA OF OBSroiVATION ••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 General Location •••••••••• • ••••••••••••• 9 Geological History •••••••••••.••••••••••• 9 III. Mh~HODS AND EQUIPMENT ................ ... 12 Field Equipment .......................... l B Prepar ation of the Radulae •••••••••••••• 13 IV • EJOLOG-IG.AL OBSERVAT-IONS • ......- •••••• •• •• ;-;-••••- - 17 Perch·Rock Area •••••••••••• ••• •••••••••• 17 Second Sled Ro ad Areo •••••••• • •••••••••• 20 East Side of Toma l es Point •••••••••••••• 25 West Side of Tomol es Point •••••••••••••• 29 v.
    [Show full text]
  • See Life Trunk
    See Life Trunk CABRILLO NATIONAL MONUMENT Objective The See Life Trunk is designed to help students experience the vast biodiversity of earth’s marine ecosystems from the comfort of their classroom. The activities, books, and DVDs in this trunk specifically target third and fourth grade students based on Next Generation Science Standards. The trunk will bring to life the meaning of biodiversity in the ocean, its role in the maintenance and function of healthy marine ecosystems, and what students can do to help protect this environment for generations to come. What’s Inside Books: In One Tidepool: Crabs, Snails and Salty Tails SEASHORE (One Small Square series) CORAL REEFS (One Small Square series) The Secrets of Kelp Forests The Secrets of the Tide Pools Shells of San Diego DVDs: Eyewitness Life Eyewitness Seashore Eyewitness Ocean Bill Nye the Science Guy: Ocean Life On the Edge of Land and Sea Activities, Resources & Worksheets: Marine Bio-Bingo Guess Who: Intertidal Patterns in Nature See Life & Habitats o Classroom set of Michael Ready photographs o 3D-printed biomodels Science Sampler Intro to Nature Journaling o Creature Features o Baseball Cards Who Am I? Beyond the Classroom Activities Intertidal Exploration 3D Cabrillo Bioblitz Beach clean-up How to Use this Trunk The See Life Trunk is designed to be used in a variety of ways. Most of the activities in the trunk can be adapted for any number of people for any amount of time, but some activities are better suited for entire-class participation (i.e. watching DVDs, Nature Journaling) while others are better suited for small groups (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Range Expansion of a Non-Native, Invasive Macroalga Sargassum Horneri (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820 in the Eastern Pacific
    BioInvasions Records (2015) Volume 4, Issue 4: 243–248 Open Access doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/bir.2015.4.4.02 © 2015 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2015 REABIC Rapid Communication Range expansion of a non-native, invasive macroalga Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh, 1820 in the eastern Pacific 1,2 2 2 1,2 2,3 Lindsay M. Marks *, Paulina Salinas-Ruiz , Daniel C. Reed , Sally J. Holbrook , Carolynn S. Culver , 2 4 2 5 6 John M. Engle , David J. Kushner , Jennifer E. Caselle , Jan Freiwald , Jonathan P. Williams , Jayson R. 7 8 9 Smith , Luis E. Aguilar-Rosas and Nikolas J. Kaplanis 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-6150, USA 2Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-6150, USA 3California Sea Grant, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0232, USA 4Channel Islands National Park, 1901 Spinnaker Drive, Ventura, California 93001, USA 5Reef Check Foundation, 13723 Fiji Way, B-2, Marina del Rey, California 90292, USA 6Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California 90041, USA 7Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, USA 8Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Transpeninsular Ensenada-Tijuana, 3917. Frac. Playitas, Ensenada, Baja California, México. C.P. 22860 9Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0202, USA *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Received: 11 July 2015 / Accepted: 18 August 2015 / Published online: 19 October 2015 Handling editor: Charles Martin Abstract Sargassum horneri (Turner) C.
    [Show full text]