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Anglo-Saxon Medicine and Disease: a Semantic Approach ANGLO-SAXON MEDICINE AND DISEASE: A SEMANTIC APPROACH VOLUME II: APPENDIX BALD’S LEECHBOOK TRANSCRIPT OF LONDON, BRITISH LIBRARY MSS ROYAL 12 D. XVII AND HARLEY 55 CONAN DOYLE INTRODUCTION Editorial Procedure Essentially, the following transcript aims to be diplomatic, retaining the spelling, orthography and punctuation of Royal 12 D. xvii where possible. In a small number of instances, text has been restored from other manuscript sources, such as London, British Library Harley 55, and Harley 585. Not all textual parallels between Harley 585 and Royal 12 have been fully examined. Such parallels which could be fruitfully explored are discussed listed in Table 2.2 or volume 1 of this thesis.1 Abbreviations For the sake of convenience, most abbreviations have been expanded, but such expansions are noted in italic type. The tyronian nota denoting ‘and’ is indicated by a numeral ‘7’ except where it directly follows an editorial chapter number where the abbreviation is expanded for the sake of clarity. Punctuation This transcript attempts to represent the manuscript punctuation of the original text, with no attempt at modernization for syntactic sense. The scribe uses three forms of punctuation. The most common is the standard punctus, represented as a full stop in this edition. Two further punctuation marks can be noted. When a sentence ends completely at the end of a line, there is a triple punctus, resembling the modern mathematical sign of implication at the right margin of the written area of the page, while a recipe ending in the middle of a line is noted by a double virgula following the single punctus. As such it must be remembered that the punctus often represents a stop of lower value than the modern full stop, separating items in lists of ingredients, etc. 1 Above, I, 52–3. 1 Rubrication Majuscule characters written in red ink in the manuscript, written over two lines, or otherwise emphasised by the scribe have been presented in bold type in the following transcript. Textual Emendations At times emendations have been made, using three orders of priority. Most importantly, if a parallel Old English witness to a given remedy survives, it may shed light on certain poor readings in MS R. Of secondary consideration are parallel Latin sources, which may shed light on what the initial Old English translator intended, while finally, a very small number of emendations have been made merely on the grounds of sense and grammar. Expanded abbreviations are marked in italic type. Following the conventions of textual criticism, angle brackets < > are used to denote additions to the received text, square brackets [ ] used to denote text marked for deletion. Where Latin text has been quoted from a modern critical edition, such notation is retained. Scribal deletion has been recorded in double square brackets [[ ]]. The symbol † is not part of the critical apparatus, but represents a cruciform scribal notation or symbol used in phylactery charms. Chapter Divisions The principal editorial aim of this transcript has been to present more useful subdivisions of the chapters of the text than those in Cockayne’s edition. The chapters have been subdivided into numbered sections according to the following criteria: Primarily, manuscript layout provides the majority of natural chapter subdivisions, with many recipes starting on a new line, often with a rubricated initial or an enlarged initial to the left of the written margin of the page. A secondary consideration is syntactic. New sentences beginning with a standard recipe formula are given a separate section number. A tertiary consideration has been provided by Latin sources and analogues, partly for the convenience of demonstrating these analogues. Where a single chapter draws from multiple Latin works or chapters of a given Latin work, subsections have been added to denote this. 2 The text at the beginning of each chapter is often duplicated in the following sentence. As such, these initial sentences have been treated as chapter titles. 3 Primary Source Title Abbreviations CDM Celsus, De medicina F. Marx, ed., A. Cornelii Celsi quae supersunt, CML 1 (Leipzig and Berlin, 1915) CFDM Cassius Felix, De Medicina, ed. Rose, V., De medicina ex Graecis logicae sectae auctoribus liber translatus (Leipzig, 1879) DHVL: Antonius Musa, De herba uettonica liber E. Howald and H. E. Sigerist, eds., Antonii Musae de herba uettonica liber. Pseudoapulei herbarius anonymi de taxone liber. Sexti Placiti liber medicinae ex animalibus etc., CML 4 (Leipzig and Berlin, 1927), pp. 3–11; henceforth ‘Herbarius’ Eup. Oribasius, Euporistes, ed. Molinier, A. in Oeuvres d’Oribase, ed. U. C. Bussemaker and C. Daremberg, Collection des médecins grecs et latins, 6 vols. (Paris, 1851–76), V, 799–VI, 402. Gyn. Vindicianus, Gynaecia, ed. Rose, V., Theodori Prisciani Euporiston libri III cum Physicorum fragmento et additamentis Pseudo-Theodoris, accedunt Vindicani Afri quae feruntur reliquiae (Leipzig, 1894), pp. 427–66. Herb. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarius, ed. Howald and Sigerist, in Herbarius, pp. 22–225. HN Pliny, Historia naturalis ed. von Jan, L.and K. F. T. Mayhoff, C. Plini Secundi Naturalis historiae libri XXXVII, Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana (Leipzig, 1967–70) Lacn. Old English Lacnunga ed. Pettit, E., Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from BL MS Harley 585: the Lacnunga, Mellen Critical Editions and Translations 6, 2 vols. (Lewiston NY, 2001). LT Pseudo-Galen, Liber tertius, ed. K. D. Fischer, ed., ‘Galeni qui fertur ad Glauconem liber tertius ad fidem codicis Vindocinensis 109’ in Galenismo e Medicina Tardoantica. Fonti Greche, Latine e Arabe. Atti del Seminario Internazionale di Siena, ed. I. Garofalo and A. Roselli, Annali dell’Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli 7 (Naples, 2003), pp. 283–346 MDM Marcelli de medicamentis liber ed. Niedermann, M., and E. Liechtenhan, CML 5 (Berlin, 1968) MdQ Old English Medicina de quadrupedibus ed. de Vriend, Herbarium, pp. 234–73. MEA Sextus Placitus, Liber medicinae ex animalibus, ed. Howald and Sigerist, Herbarius, pp. 235–86. 4 MedP Medicina Plinii ed. Önnerfors, A., Plinii Secundi Iunoris qui feruntur de medicina libri tres, CML 3 (Berlin, 1964). OEH Old English Herbal, ed. de Vriend, Herbarium, pp. 1–233. PAL Practica Alexandri Latine Largely unedited, selected chapters available in Langslow, D. R., The Latin Alexander: The Text and Transmission of a Late Latin Medical Book, Journal of Roman Studies Monograph 10 (London, 2006); segments preserving the works of Philumenus and Philagrius available in Puschmann, T., Nachträge zu Alexander Trallianus: Fragmente aus Philumenus und Philagrius etc., Berliner Studien 5 (Berlin, 1886), for the remaining text, one must rely on Fradin, F., ed., Practica Alexandri yatros greci cum expositione glose interlinearis Jacobi de partibus et Januensis in margine posite (Lyons, 1504). Pass. The Passionarius or Liber nosematon of Gariopontus Unedited. Significant parallels noted and transcribed in Talbot, C., ‘Some Notes on Anglo-Saxon Medicine’, Medical History 9 (1965), 156–69; for the remaining text, one must rely on A. Blanchardus, Galeni pergameni passionarius doctis medicis multum desideratus, egritudines a capite ad pedes usos complectens (Lyons, 1526) Peri D. Old English Peri didaxeon ed. Löweneck, M., Peri Didaxeon: Eine Sammlung von Rezepten in Englischer Sprache aus dem 11./12. Jahrhundert. Nach einer Handschrift des Britischen Museums, Erlanger Beiträge sur Englischen Philologie und Vergleichenden Literaturgeschichte (Erlangen, 1896). PPB Physica Plinii Bambergensis ed. Önnerfors, A., Bibliotheca Graeca et Latina suppletoria curantibus 2 (Hildesheim, 1975). PPFP Physica Plinii Florentino-Pragensis Book I ed. Winkler, J., Physicae que fertur Plinii Florentino-Pragensis liber primus, Lateinische Sprache und Literatur des Mittelalters 17 (Frankfurt, 1984). Book II ed. Wachtmeister, W., Physica Plinii quae fertur Florentino-Pragensis liber secundus, Lateinische Sprache und Literatur de Mittelalters 21 (Frankfurt, 1985). Book III ed. Schmitz, G., Physicae quae fertur Plinii Florentino-Pragensis liber tertius, Lateinische Sprache und Literatur de Mittelalters 24 (Frankfurt, 1988). Syn. Oribasius, Synopsis ed. Molinier in Oeuvres d'Oribase, ed. Bussemaker and Daremberg, V, 799 – VI, 402. Taxon. Anonymi Liber de taxone, ed. Howald and Sigerist, Herbarius, pp. 229–32. 5 Ter. Tereoperica or Practica Petrocelli Practica Petrocelli Salernitani in S. De Renzi, A. Henschel, and C. Daremberg, eds., Collectio Salernitana 5 vols. (Naples 1856), IV, 185–286. VEA Vindicianus, Epitome altera ed. Rose, Theodori Prisciani, pp. 467–83. Significant Source Studies: J. N. Adams and M. Deegan, ‘Bald's Leechbook and the Physica Plinii’, ASE 21 (1992), 87– 114. Cameron, M. L., ‘The Sources of Medical Knowledge in Anglo-Saxon England’, ASE 11 (1982), 135–55. Cameron, M. L., ‘Bald’s Leechbook: its Sources and their Use in its Compilation’, ASE 12 (1983), 153–82. Cameron, M. L., Anglo-Saxon Medicine, CSASE 7 (Cambridge, 1993). List of Manuscript Sigla H55: London, Brisith Library Harley 55, ff. 1r– 4v ‘the Leechbook Fragment’ s. xi1, Ker no. 225, Gneuss no. 412 H585: London, British Library Harley 585, ff. 130r–193r, ‘the Lacnunga’, s. s. x/xi, Ker no. 231, Gneuss no. 421 R: London, British Library Royal 12 D. xvii, ff.1r–109r, ‘Bald’s Leechbook’, s. x med, Ker no. 264, Gneuss no. 479, facsimile: C. E. Wright, ed., Bald’s Leechbook: British Museum Royal Manuscript 12 D. xvii, with appendix by R. Quirk, EEMF 5 (Copenhagen, 1955) On the presentation of multiple recensions Where multiple recensions of a Latin text survive, both recensions have been presented, with the exception of the β-recension of the enlarged Herbal. In the case of the Synopsis and Euporistes of Oribasius, the two Latin recensions are highly divergent. I have eschewed M. L. Cameron’s use of the terms ‘old’ and ‘new’ to define the recensions. Quotations have been marked by the manuscript sigla employed by Molinier: Aa: Paris, Bibliothèque National lat. 10233 Ab: Paris, Bibliothèque National lat. 9332 (ancien supplem. lat. 626) La: Laon 42 Li: Leipzig, Municipal Library, 97 6 BOOK I: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1r .i.
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