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Further Addresses the American Road

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Further Addresses the American Road FURTHER ADDRESSES UPON THE AMERICAN ROAD BY Herbert Hoover 1938-1940 NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1940 COPYRIGHT, 1940, BY EDGAR RICKARD Printed in the United States of America A Contents PART I: DOMESTIC POLICIES MORALS IN GOVERNMENT 3 [Joint Republican Organizations, Kansas City, Missouri, September 28, 1938] UNDERMINING REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT 21 [Joint Republican Organizations, Hartford, Connecticut, October 17, 1938] THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE NEW DEAL 39 [Joint Republican Organizations, Spokane, Washington, November 5, 1938] THE REAL STATE OF THE UNION 58 [Fifty-third Annual Lincoln Day Banquet of the National Republican Club, New York City, February 13, 1939] OUR MOST IMPORTANT DOMESTIC ISSUE 69 [Joint Republican Organizations, Omaha, Nebraska, February 12, 1940] PART II: FOREIGN POLICIES AMERICA AND THE WORLD CRISIS 83 [The Forum on Current Problems, New York City, October 26, 1938] v PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S NEW FOREIGN POLICIES 93 [Council on Foreign Relations, Chicago, Illinois, February 1, 1939] FOREIGN POLICIES TODAY 104 [Liberty Magazine, April 15, 1939] SHALL WE SEND OUR YOUTH TO WAR? 116 [American Magazine, July 15, 1939] A NEW PROPOSAL FOR AMERICAN ACTION 129 [International Convention of Christian Endeavor Societies, Cleveland, Ohio, July 6, 1940] WE MUST KEEP OUT 139 [Saturday Evening Post, October 27, 1939] RUSSIAN MISADVENTURE 158 [Collier's, April 27, 1940] THE NINE HORSEMEN AND AMERICA 172 [Liberty Magazine, June 5, 1940] PART III: SCIENTIFIC, RELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL GROUPS THE IMPERATIVE NEED FOR MORAL RE-ARMAMENT 183 [Annual Meeting of the York Bible Class, Toronto, Canada, November 22, 1938] ENGINEERS AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS 192 [Annual Alumni Banquet of Stevens Institute of Technology, New York City, February 2, 1939] YOUR INHERITANCE OF LIBERTY 197 [Commencement Exercises, Lincoln University, Harrogate, Tennessee, June 4, 1939] vi AND WHAT IS LIBERALISM? 208 [Commencement Exercises, Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana, June 12, 1939] THE HOOVER LIBRARY ON WAR, REVOLUTION AND PEACE 215 [Statement to the Trustees, August 30, 1939] A BOY'S WORLD 219 [Dedication of the Madison Square Boys' Club, New York City, April 29, 1940] PART IV: WAR RELIEF THE SPIRIT OF POLAND 227 [Pulaski Memorial Day, New York City, October 11, 1939] RELIEF OF FINLAND 231 [Madison Square Garden Mass-meeting, New York City, December 20, 1939] EXTRACTS FROM ADDRESSES ON FINNISH RELIEF 236 [December 7, 1939; February 20, 1940; March 14, 1940] THE JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE CAMPAIGN OF 1940 241 [Campaign Dinner of the Jewish Welfare Fund, Chicago, Illinois, February 11, 1940] RELIEF FOR POLAND 246 [Madison Square Garden Mass-meeting, March 12, 1940] vii PART I ADDRESSES UPON DOMESTIC POLICIES Morals in Government Address delivered to Joint Republican, Organizations KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI [September 28, 1938] MR. ROOSEVELT has now offered the New Deal as the basis of a new political party. He summons all liberals to join him or be cast into outer darkness. I absolutely reject his interpretation of the terms Liberal and Con- servative. I propose to explore this proposed party, not by their theories or their professions, but by the test of the greatest Leader humanity has ever known, who said: "By their fruits ye shall know them." I propose to make three addresses in this exploration. I shall, on this first occasion, deal with morals in government. At Hartford, Connecticut, I shall have something to say on the destruction of government of free men. And in the third address at Spokane, I shall have something to say as to the economic consequences. That is represented by 11,000,000 men out of jobs, by farm prices lower in gold than ever in our history, and by the burden of debt which will blight opportunities for youth in America. And in all cases, I shall suggest some lights for those in the outer darkness. Those lights will not be will-o'-the-wisps. When we come to questions of immorality in government there can be no soft and respectful argument. The only emotion 3 4 FURTHER ADDRESSES UPON THE AMERICAN ROAD appropriate to immorality is indignation. That is the time to take the gloves off. They are off. These moral forces which affect the character and the soul of a people will control its destinies. Where they enter government they far transcend all political partisanship. The progress of mankind is in proportion to the advancement of truth and justice. Standards of truth and justice are what we usually call morals. I have little need to define moral standards. The American people learn them at their mothers' knees. They include not only money honesty. They include telling the whole truth. They include keeping one's word. They include fidelity to public trust. They exclude hypocrisy. They exclude creation of hate. Half-truth, hypocrisy and hate are departments in the art of demagogues. The polite phrase for all this is intellectual dishonesty. It is moral standards in government which create sturdy self-reliance and self-respect among citizens. It is moral standards that create perceptions of what degrades the faith of a people in self-government. During the last six years the growth of the cancerous idea that there are two standards of morals in American life has been foisted on the American people. That malignant idea is that political morals are a lower code than private morals. The apology for this double standard for government has been that the end, or to use New Deal words, "the objective," justifies the means. That is, if you can get away with it. That is the very gospel of dictatorship. That whole idea is a violation of the very foundation of Christian ethics. Wrong conduct creates moral degeneration which defeats the end. In practice it works out that government must be conducted by fooling the majority of the people all the time or buying them part of the time. When citizens are crooked among themselves the damage falls mostly upon them. And it may affect their chances in the Life Eternal. But when government is immoral, it damages the morals of a whole people. KANSAS CITY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1938 5 And let me say at once I do not claim that political morals have been perfect in this Republic under any political party. There have been sporadic incidents and there have been black spots which have been our shame. But during the past six years there has been systematic degeneration. If the standards of honor, sincerity, and truth in public life are to differ from those we learned at our mothers' knees then this Republic is lost. It is the moral slide more even than the economic degeneration that in the last twenty years has carried nation after nation over the precipice to dictatorship. I propose to illustrate what I mean with a few examples. In this single address I can deal only with seven or eight. If you look around you will be able to collect others. SAMPLE I The foremost of the New Deal Party's alphabetical morals is the G. E. A. A.—Get Elected Anyhow Anyway. For fifty years the American people have fought the politicians to dig out the spoils system. They fought not alone to stop corruption but to stop government employees from packing elections. They built a great moral dike of non-political selection by merit. In six years we have lost forty years of the ground gained by that moral crusade. At the end of my Administration 83 per cent of all Federal employees had been selected upon merit by the Civil Service Commission. That is the highest figure ever attained. And if a Democratic Congress had been willing it would have been 95 per cent. During the six years of Mr. Roosevelt's Administration over 300,000 office holders have been politically appointed to the Federal government. They were without the merit requirement of the Civil Service. And that does not include some 100,000 part-time committee members. As such committee members get little pay Republicans are sometimes eligible. Politics has been the first test of merit in the 300,000. Andrew Jackson's dream of spoils rose to only four or five thousand. 6 FURTHER ADDRESSES UPON THE AMERICAN ROAD The excuse that the appointment of this 300,000 outside the Civil Service was necessary in an emergency is sheer hypocrisy. Woodrow Wilson did not desert the merit system or non-political appointments during his great emergency of the War. Recently Mr. Roosevelt proposed to enlist part of this army into the merit service by executive order. New Deal executive orders are not proof of merit. If you can find any of that Roosevelt three to four hundred thousand who are not interfering with a free ballot in this campaign, it is because their bosses have slipped up. We saw his political army turned on to purge non- conformist Democrats from the New Deal Liberal Party. And this spoils system has other implications besides interference with a free ballot. It degrades public life. By example it pollutes every local government. Working for the government becomes a racket, not a career. Unless this patronage system is destroyed it will destroy this republic. This New Deal army of political appointees is the American form of the Praetorian Guard of Ancient Rome. That political band had exactly similar habits in making elections foolproof. They were also active in the decline and fall of the morals of the Roman Empire. We have, however, improved the Roman practice. Our three to four hundred thousand of New Deal political employees are the officers of an army of ten million voters who receive benefits from the government. SAMPLE II And this brings me to Sample No. II, concerning the activity of these officers.
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