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DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „Ländliche Gemeinschaften im venezianischen Dalmatien im Spätmittelalter – Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula im Vergleich (1420-1499)“ verfasst von / submitted by Fabian Kümmeler, M.A. M.P.S. angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) Wien, 2017 / Vienna 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 792 312 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Geschichte field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Oliver Schmitt F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] מה הזמן מסמן לי? זה הכול שאריות של החיים ולחיות את הרגע להתחיל לאסוף את השברים אולי אצא יותר... - ״שאריות של החיים״,הפרויקט של עידן רייכל 2009 - = What is time telling me? It’s all scraps of life And to live the moment To begin collecting the shards Maybe I will get out more... – „She’eriot Shel Ha’Chaim (Scraps of Life)“, The Idan Raichel Project, 2009 – 2 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Danksagung . .7 I. Einleitung . .9 A.Einführung . 9 B. Zentrale Fragestellungen . .12 C. Aufbau der Arbeit . 15 II.Forschungsstand . 18 A.Venedig . 18 B. Stato da Mar – die venezianischen Überseeterritorien . .25 C. Dalmatien . 30 D.Korčula . 36 E. Ländliche Gemeinschaften als Forschungstopos . 39 F. Ländliche Gemeinschaften in Dalmatien . 44 G.Hirtengemeinschaften in Dalmatien . 48 H.Mikrogeschichte . 50 III.Quellenlage, Theorie und Methodik . 55 A.Quellenlage . .55 B. Theoretische Grundlagen . 59 1. ,Visions of Community‘: Analysekategorie Gemeinschaft . 59 2. Ländliche Gemeinschaften als Untersuchungsobjekt . .67 C. Methodik . .70 1. Mikrogeschichte . 70 2. Lebenswelt . 76 3. %GF|ACL 4. Vergleich . .84 IV.Korčula im 15. Jahrhundert: Historischer Kontext . .89 A.Historischer Kontext bis 1420 . 90 B. Untersuchungszeitraum: 1420-1499 . .103 3 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] V.Ländliche Gemeinschaften auf Korčula: Territorial-normative Strukturen . 127 A.Annäherung an das spätmittelalterliche Korčula: die Raumordnung. 127 B. Ein Venezianer auf Korčula? Venezianische Administration im 15. Jahrhundert. 134 C. Verwaltungsstruktur und Ämterwesen im ländlichen Raum Korčulas. 147 D.Administrative Schriftlichkeit im ländlichen Raum Korčulas . 166 E. Zwischenfazit. .174 VI.Ländliche Gemeinschaften auf Korčula: Soziokulturelle Praxis und Lebenswelten . 179 A.4OAK;@=F%GFLJGDD=MF<%GF|ACLuELKHJ9PAKMF<D[F<DA;@=&=:=FKO=DL=F 1. Ländliche Amtsträger als Ordnungshüter der Gemeinschaft. .179 2. )J<FMF?K@kL=J AE %GF|ACL u 0GE -L=DD=FO=JL <=K ,=;@LK <=J =O=AKH|A;@L <=J Amtsträger und dem guten Ruf des Angeklagten. 189 B. gJ|A;@=&=:=FKO=DL=FMF<KGRAGCMDLMJ=DD=*J9PAK<=JGJ>?=E=AFK;@9>L 1. Ehe, außereheliches Zusammenleben und Ehre in der Dorfgemeinschaft . 207 2. gJ|A;@=-GDA<9JAL[LK?=E=AFK;@9>LAEF?=KA;@L=AF=K?=O9DLK9E=F.G<=K C. Rechtliche Lebenswelten im ländlichen Raum – Casalia als rechtliche Haftungsgemeinschaften und als Orte der Rechtsprechung . 231 1. Casalia als rechtliche Haftungsgemeinschaften. 231 2. „Actus facti in chaxalibus“ – Casalia als Orte der Rechtsprechung. 247 D.Zwischenfazit . 258 VII.Hirten: Sozioprofessionelle Gemeinschaft und pastorale Lebenswelten . .263 A.Korčulaner Hirten im Spannungsfeld zwischen Saisonalität und Recht. 264 1. De societate animalium – Hütegemeinschaft als Vertragssache. 264 2. De lite xemiaci – Hütegemeinschaft im Winter. 276 3. De tonsura lanarum – Saisonale Lebenswelten zwischen Schur, Hütung und Ackerbau . .284 4. De rationibus animalium – Der 15. August als Zenit des Korčulaner Hirtenjahres. 288 B. *9KLGJ9D=&=:=FKO=DL=FAE-H9FFMF?K>=D<KGRAGgCGFGEAK;@=J#FL=J=KK=FCGF|ACL= 1. .A=J<A=:KL[@D=9DKKGRAGgCGFGEAK;@=K%GF|ACL>=D<H9KLGJ9D=J&=:=FKO=DL=F 2. 1=A<=K;@[<=F9DKKGRAGgCGFGEAK;@=K%GF|ACL>=D<H9KLGJ9D=J&=:=FKO=DL=F 3. Zwischen Geringschätzung und Gewalt: Hirten im Spannungsfeld AFF=J?=E=AFK;@9>LDA;@=J%GF|ACL= C. Zwischenfazit . 339 4 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] VIII. Ländliche Gemeinschaften auf Korčula – ein Schlussessay. 346 Annex IX.Bibliographie . 363 A.Archivbestände . 363 B. Quelleneditionen . .363 C. Literaturverzeichnis . 365 X.Abstracts . 410 A.Kurzzusammenfassung der Dissertation . .410 B. Executive Summary . 411 – . – . – 5 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] 6 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] Danksagung An erster Stelle gilt mein herzlicher Dank meinem Lehrer und Doktorvater Oliver Jens Schmitt, der nicht nur meine Arbeit exzellent betreut und selbige mit großem Interesse begleitet hat, sondern auch mich selbst allzeit engagiert und umfassend gefördert hat. Besonders danken möchte ich ihm vor allem für die akademische Inspiration, die vertrauensvolle forscherische Freiheit und die konstruktiven Ratschläge, die meinen Forschergeist und die vorliegende Arbeit maßgeblich ?=HJ[?LMF<EGLANA=JL@9:=F '=AF9FC?=:k@JLRM<=E19DL=J*G@D F<J=!AF?JA;@ @JAKLAF9 Lutter, Birgit Kellner und Helmut Krasser✝, die gemeinsam mit Oliver Jens Schmitt im Rahmen des FWF-geförderten Spezialforschungsbereichs F42 Visions of Community: Comparative Approaches to Ethnicity, Region and Empire in Christianity, Islam and Buddhism (400–1600 CE) eine fruchtbare interdisziplinäre Forschungsumgebung geschaffen haben. Danken möchte ich ferner den Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern des Državni Arhiv u Zadru, namentlich Suzana Martinović, für ihre freundliche und hilfsbereite Unterstützung meiner Archivrecherchen in Dalmatien. Darüber hinaus gilt mein besonderer Dank meinen Wiener KollegInnen Elisabeth Gruber, Judit Majorossy, $G@9FF "=AKK AJAC "GN<=F %GFJ9< *=LJGNKRCQ 9FA=D '9@GF=Q MF< -9K;@9 LLA9 >kJ MFK=J= ebenso zahllosen wie inspirierenden interdisziplinären Diskussionen. Mein Dank richtet sich =:=F>9DDK9F(=DD9&GFR9 *@AD-D9NAF D9AJ=$M<<=<=&9JANA^J= F9*DGKFAć Škarić und Ermanno Orlando, die meine Forschung auf zahlreichen internationalen Tagungen mit wertvollen Hinweisen bereichert haben. Besonders herzlich danke ich überdies meinen grandiosen FreundInnen und meiner wunderbaren Familie – insbesondere Monika Lück, Verena Konrad, Maria Mair, Francesca GFK=DN9F %AJKL=FFF9N9FDL=F '9JLAF9%J9>;RQC F<J==9*=LJM=K;MMF<9NA<*=LJM;;=DDAu für ihr lebhaftes Interesse an und ihre wertvollen Rückmeldungen zu meiner Arbeit sowie für ihre ?J=FR=FDGK=/FL=JKLkLRMF? MF=JK;@gH|A;@=!=<MD<MF<<9K9DDR=ALOG@DA?=!=E=AFK;@9>LK?=>k@D Herzlichen Dank! Wien, im November 2017 7 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] 8 F. KÜMMELER, Ländliche Gemeinschaften [...,] Lebenswelten und Gemeinschaftsvorstellungen auf Korčula [...] I. Einleitung A. Einführung Die Geschichte der Insel Korčula erweckt in vielerlei Hinsicht den Eindruck eines kaum bearbeiteten Steinbruchs. An verschiedenen Stellen wurden bereits Steine auf der Suche nach Wertvollem gebrochen. Teils wurden diese Bruchstellen jedoch wieder vom Staub und Geröll der Zeit verdeckt. Aus der Nähe betrachtet entpuppt sich der scheinbar verwaiste Steinbruch gleichwohl als Edelsteinmine, die noch viele Schätze birgt – besonders an jenen bisher kaum beachteten Stellen, an denen die Steine noch ungebrochen scheinen. Der riesige Steinbruch der venezianischen Geschichte wirkt im Gegensatz dazu belebt wie ein innerstädtischer Marktplatz. Jeder der dort ME@=JDA=?=F<=F !=KL=AFK:JG;C=F K;@=AFL OA= AE <=DKL=AF{=:=J E=@J>9;@ ?=<J=@L MF< ?=O=F<=L worden zu sein. Diese Szene erscheint umso merkwürdiger, wenn man bedenkt, dass Korčula über mehr als dreieinhalb Jahrhunderte Teil der venezianischen Überseebesitzungen des Stato da Mar war. Und nicht nur als solcher ist die Insel ein faszinierendes Kleinod – auch für Historiker. Korčula verfügte im Gegensatz zu anderen dalmatinischen Inseln über eine Stadt, die viele der zentralisierenden Elemente einer spätmittelalterlichen dalmatinischen Stadt aufwies (inklusive eines Hafens), wurde aber besonders in demographischen und wirtschaftlichen, teils sogar politischen Aspekten stärker durch die Bewohner der Dörfer im ländlichen Raum der Insel geprägt.1 Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts bildete die Insel Korčula, die sich im Jahr 1420 der venezianischen "=JJK;@9>LMFL=JKL=DDL@9LL= RM<=E<=FKk<DA;@KL=F*MFCL<=KN=F=RA9FAK;@=F"=JJK;@9>LK?=:A=LKAE dalmatinischen Teil des Stato da Mar, während die in Sichtweite gegenüberliegende Halbinsel *=DB=šac bereits zum Territorium der Republik Ragusa (Dubrovnik) gehörte.2 Um die Systematik hinter den territorial zerstreut liegenden, teils sehr kleinen und daher bisweilen disparat wirkenden Territorien des venezianischen Stato da Mar zu verstehen, ist es =KK=FLA=DD <A= =A?=F= *=JKH=CLAN= 9FRMH9KK=F =J1G@DKL9F<0=F=<A?K?JkF<=L= KA;@ RM ?JGl=F 1 Während Rab und Hvar im Spätmittelalter über ihr Umland dominierende urbane Zentren verfügten,.
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    Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia — Il Doge / The Doge ITA / ENG Il Doge / The Doge Il Doge è la più antica e potere, tra successioni The Doge was the oldest an elected position la più alta magistratura ereditarie, conflitti e and highest political and became more and della Repubblica di morti violente. position in the Venetian more powerful, with Venezia. A partire dal secolo Republic. hereditary successions, La parola deriva dal XI una Venezia ormai The word comes from conflicts and violent latino dux, che significa indipendente e in the Latin dux, which deaths. By the eleventh guida, capo ed è il titolo pieno sviluppo pone means leader, head and century, developing attribuito ai governatori fine a qualunque was the title given to the rapidly Venice had delle province pretesa dinastica governors of provinces become independent nell’impero bizantino, del doge, stabilisce in the Byzantine and put an end to any di cui il territorio della poi di affiancargli dei Empire, of which the dynastic claims of the laguna di Venezia è consiglieri, limitarne Venice lagoon was a doge. It was decided he parte quando, tra il VII e i poteri e vincolarlo, part in the seventh should be assisted by l’VIII secolo, si ha notizia all’elezione, con il and eighth centuries, councillors and that his Gentile Bellini, Ritratto del doge Giovanni Mocenigo (1478-1485), 1479 ca. dei primi dogi. giuramento della when documentation powers would be limited Tempera su tavola, cm 62 x 45 La sede del Promissione, un of the first doges is to upon his election, when Museo Correr, Venezia ducato è allora meticoloso insieme di be found.
  • A12 Nada Zecevic.Vp

    A12 Nada Zecevic.Vp

    Zbornik radova Vizantolo{kog instituta HßÇÇÇ, 2006 Recueil des travaux de l’Institut d’etudes byzantines XßIIÇ, 2006 UDK 327:94Š(496.5:497.11)“14” Nada Ze~evi} PRVI BRAK DESPOTA LEONARDA III TOKO U radu se razmatraju pitawa direktnih motiva i {ire zainteresovanosti za ugovarawe braka izme|u despota Leonarda III Toko (1449–1479) i Milice, k}erke despota Lazara Brankovi}a i Jelene Paleolog, sklopqenog 1. maja 1463. godine u Dubrovniku. Istorijska analiza, zasnovana uglavnom na dokumentarnim podacima, ali i nekolicini narativnih izve{taja nastalih u vreme blisko skla- pawu braka, navodi na zakqu~ak da je, uprkos evidentnom umawivawu zna~aja te veze, ~emu su neki krugovi izve{ta~a pribegavali, woj u vreme sklapawa ipak bio pridavan {iri politi~ki zna~aj, te da je korist od ovog kratkotrajnog braka Leonardo III Toko imao i posle Mili~ine smrti. Dana 1. maja 1463. godine u velikoj sali Rektorove palate u Dubrovniku sklopqen je brak izme|u Milice Brankovi}, k}erke po~iv{eg srpskog despota Lazara (1456–1458), i Leonarda III Toko (1448–1479), latinskog despota jon- skih ostrva.1 Narativna dela, nastala nekoliko decenija nakon ovoga doga|aja, od stra- ne osoba koje su prostorno i donekle li~no bile bliske supru`nicima,2 opi- 1 Informativno o vladavini Leonarda III Toko (1449–1479), W. Miller, The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204–1566) (New York — Cambridge, 1964repr), 483–486; D. M. Nicol, The Despotate of Epiros 1267–1479 (Cambridge, MA 1984), 210–213. Za izvore, literaturu i komentare o Leonardovoj tituli B.
  • Cross-Cultural Exchange in the Post-Medieval Adriatic: an Examination of Glass Artefacts from the 15Th Through Mid-18Th Centuries

    Cross-Cultural Exchange in the Post-Medieval Adriatic: an Examination of Glass Artefacts from the 15Th Through Mid-18Th Centuries

    Cross-Cultural Exchange in the Post-Medieval Adriatic: An examination of glass artefacts from the 15th through mid-18th centuries By: Samantha Garwood A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Sheffield Faculty of Arts and Humanities Department of Archaeology September 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have been possible without the support, guidance, and access to materials provided by friends, family, and colleagues throughout the last four years. Thanks must first be given to my supervisor, Hugh Willmott, for allowing me this amazing research opportunity, and for putting up with my general lack of knowledge. Thanks must also be given to Phil McCluskey, who very kindly continued to support my research even after his time at Sheffield came to an end. Thanks also to the University of Sheffield Faculty of Arts and Humanities for the scholarship which made this possible. Thank you to the many museums who granted me access to their collections: Muzej grada Trogira, especially Lujana Paraman; the Arheološka zbirka Osor – Lošinjski muzej, particularly Jasminka Ćus-Rukonić; Marina Lambasa, Emil Podrug, and the Muzej grada Šibenika; Radmila Biondić and Marina Kovač at the Muzej Slavonije; Igor Mihajlović at the Hrvatski restauratorski zavod; Dr Vesna Bikić at the Institute of Archaeology in Belgrade; and Ðivo Bašić at Pomorski Muzej, Dubrovački Muzeji. Thank you also to Ilir Parangoni for showing me some of the glass finds from Butrint, and to Nikolina Topić, Margherita Ferri, and Luka Bekić for sharing their research with me. Finally, thank you to my family and friends for supporting me through all of this.